Skip to main content
Recent Quotes
My Watchlist
Indicators
Markets
Stocks
ETFs
Tools
Overview
News
Currencies
International
Treasuries

iShares ESG MSCI USA Min Vol Factor ETF (NQ: ESMV )

26.47 -0.13 (-0.49%)
Streaming Delayed Price Updated: 10:10 AM EDT, May 23, 2024 Add to My Watchlist
Quote
Overview Detailed Quote Charting Historical Prices
News
All News News Headlines Press Releases
Research
Quarterly Reports Insider Filings Other Filings

Historical Prices

Month:
Year:
Range:
Date Open High Low Close Volume Change (%)
May 22, 2024 26.63 26.63 26.54 26.60 7,007 -0.02(-0.08%)
May 21, 2024 26.67 26.67 26.57 26.62 786 -0.01(-0.03%)
May 20, 2024 26.65 26.65 26.63 26.63 100 -0.04(-0.16%)
May 17, 2024 26.59 26.67 26.59 26.67 172 +0.04(+0.15%)
May 16, 2024 26.56 26.63 26.56 26.63 478 +0.03(+0.11%)
May 15, 2024 26.52 26.60 26.52 26.60 353 +0.20(+0.76%)
May 14, 2024 26.39 26.40 26.31 26.40 440 +0.03(+0.11%)
May 13, 2024 26.37 26.37 26.37 26.37 191 -0.02(-0.08%)
May 10, 2024 26.36 26.39 26.36 26.39 570 +0.11(+0.41%)
May 09, 2024 26.18 26.28 26.18 26.28 4,926 +0.17(+0.63%)
May 08, 2024 26.11 26.12 26.11 26.12 100 +0.02(+0.06%)
May 07, 2024 26.10 26.10 26.10 26.10 151 +0.16(+0.62%)
May 06, 2024 25.84 25.94 25.84 25.94 342 +0.13(+0.50%)
May 03, 2024 25.71 25.81 25.71 25.81 193 +0.16(+0.62%)
May 02, 2024 25.65 25.65 25.65 25.65 256 +0.09(+0.35%)
May 01, 2024 25.49 25.56 25.49 25.56 211 -0.02(-0.08%)
Apr 30, 2024 25.58 25.58 25.58 25.58 144 -0.22(-0.85%)
Apr 29, 2024 25.79 25.80 25.72 25.80 894 +0.13(+0.51%)
Apr 26, 2024 25.78 25.78 25.67 25.67 6,463 -0.11(-0.43%)
Apr 25, 2024 25.57 25.78 25.57 25.78 405 -0.03(-0.12%)
Apr 24, 2024 25.68 25.81 25.68 25.81 300 +0.05(+0.19%)
Apr 23, 2024 25.74 25.80 25.74 25.76 3,487 +0.13(+0.51%)
Apr 22, 2024 25.57 25.68 25.57 25.63 20,289 +0.11(+0.43%)
Apr 19, 2024 25.49 25.52 25.49 25.52 993 +0.12(+0.47%)
Apr 18, 2024 25.46 25.46 25.40 25.40 278 +0.00(+0.00%)
Apr 17, 2024 25.46 25.46 25.40 25.40 496 -0.03(-0.12%)
Apr 16, 2024 25.51 25.51 25.38 25.43 576 -0.04(-0.16%)
Apr 15, 2024 25.68 25.68 25.45 25.47 344 -0.14(-0.55%)
Apr 12, 2024 25.77 25.77 25.58 25.61 1,009 -0.29(-1.12%)
Apr 11, 2024 25.81 25.95 25.81 25.90 765 -0.09(-0.35%)
Apr 10, 2024 25.99 26.05 25.98 25.99 597 -0.30(-1.14%)
Apr 09, 2024 26.21 26.29 26.21 26.29 352 +0.05(+0.19%)
Apr 08, 2024 26.25 26.26 26.23 26.24 8,531 +0.01(+0.04%)
Apr 05, 2024 26.23 26.23 26.23 26.23 342 +0.16(+0.61%)
Apr 04, 2024 26.42 26.42 26.07 26.07 313 -0.21(-0.80%)
Apr 03, 2024 26.32 26.33 26.28 26.28 472 -0.06(-0.23%)
Apr 02, 2024 26.29 26.34 26.29 26.34 660 -0.13(-0.49%)
Apr 01, 2024 26.44 26.47 26.43 26.47 1,801 -0.15(-0.56%)
Mar 28, 2024 26.59 26.62 26.59 26.62 1,068 +0.10(+0.38%)
Mar 27, 2024 26.39 26.52 26.39 26.52 539 +0.27(+1.03%)
Mar 26, 2024 26.26 26.26 26.25 26.25 140 +0.03(+0.11%)
Mar 25, 2024 26.25 26.25 26.22 26.22 529 -0.11(-0.42%)
Mar 22, 2024 26.36 26.36 26.33 26.33 339 -0.09(-0.34%)
Mar 21, 2024 26.42 26.42 26.42 26.42 323 +0.08(+0.29%)
Mar 20, 2024 26.25 26.34 26.25 26.34 197 +0.13(+0.49%)
Mar 19, 2024 26.10 26.22 26.10 26.22 3,330 +0.15(+0.57%)
Mar 18, 2024 26.12 26.16 26.07 26.07 826 +0.05(+0.19%)
Mar 15, 2024 25.98 26.02 25.98 26.02 655 -0.08(-0.31%)
Mar 14, 2024 26.10 26.10 26.10 26.10 10 -0.14(-0.53%)
Mar 13, 2024 26.27 26.27 26.22 26.24 684 +0.00(+0.00%)
Mar 12, 2024 26.24 26.24 26.23 26.24 4,331 +0.13(+0.50%)
Mar 11, 2024 25.94 26.11 25.94 26.11 3,608 +0.07(+0.27%)
Mar 08, 2024 26.11 26.13 26.03 26.04 2,905 -0.04(-0.15%)
Mar 07, 2024 26.07 26.09 26.07 26.08 814 +0.10(+0.38%)
Mar 06, 2024 25.97 26.04 25.95 25.98 601 +0.17(+0.66%)
Mar 05, 2024 25.92 25.92 25.76 25.81 6,084 -0.22(-0.84%)
Mar 04, 2024 26.03 26.03 26.03 26.03 386 +0.06(+0.23%)
Mar 01, 2024 25.80 25.97 25.80 25.97 393 +0.13(+0.50%)
Feb 29, 2024 25.75 25.84 25.75 25.84 586 +0.04(+0.15%)
Feb 28, 2024 25.79 25.80 25.79 25.80 454 -0.01(-0.04%)
Feb 27, 2024 25.76 25.81 25.73 25.81 863 +0.00(+0.00%)
Feb 26, 2024 25.85 25.85 25.81 25.81 626 -0.09(-0.35%)
Feb 23, 2024 25.92 25.92 25.89 25.90 708 +0.10(+0.39%)
Feb 22, 2024 25.62 25.81 25.62 25.80 2,068 +0.25(+0.97%)
Feb 21, 2024 25.45 25.55 25.42 25.55 4,712 +0.09(+0.35%)
Feb 20, 2024 25.48 25.53 25.46 25.46 529 -0.03(-0.12%)
Feb 16, 2024 25.51 25.51 25.49 25.49 508 -0.10(-0.39%)
Feb 15, 2024 25.54 25.59 25.51 25.59 843 +0.20(+0.78%)
Feb 14, 2024 25.33 25.39 25.28 25.39 2,041 +0.14(+0.55%)
Feb 13, 2024 25.20 25.26 25.11 25.25 974 -0.25(-0.98%)
Feb 12, 2024 25.50 25.50 25.50 25.50 416 +0.00(+0.01%)
Feb 09, 2024 25.53 25.53 25.48 25.50 558 -0.00(-0.01%)
Feb 08, 2024 25.52 25.52 25.45 25.50 650,121 -0.08(-0.31%)
Feb 07, 2024 25.63 25.63 25.58 25.58 661 +0.11(+0.43%)
Feb 06, 2024 25.43 25.47 25.43 25.47 857 +0.05(+0.20%)
Feb 05, 2024 25.45 25.45 25.42 25.42 736 -0.07(-0.27%)
Feb 02, 2024 25.37 25.49 25.36 25.49 548 -0.04(-0.16%)
Feb 01, 2024 25.50 25.53 25.50 25.53 400 +0.30(+1.18%)
Jan 31, 2024 25.45 25.45 25.22 25.23 1,238 -0.27(-1.05%)
Jan 30, 2024 25.50 25.50 25.48 25.50 11,772 +0.07(+0.27%)
Jan 29, 2024 25.32 25.43 25.32 25.43 1,321 +0.13(+0.51%)
Jan 26, 2024 25.31 25.31 25.30 25.30 662 -0.01(-0.04%)
Jan 25, 2024 25.23 25.31 25.23 25.31 373 +0.17(+0.67%)
Jan 24, 2024 25.19 25.19 25.14 25.14 552 -0.15(-0.59%)
Jan 23, 2024 25.26 25.29 25.26 25.29 675 +0.06(+0.24%)
Jan 22, 2024 25.22 25.24 25.21 25.23 15,495 +0.07(+0.28%)
Jan 19, 2024 25.09 25.16 25.09 25.16 551 +0.15(+0.60%)
Jan 18, 2024 24.92 25.01 24.92 25.01 136 +0.11(+0.44%)
Jan 17, 2024 24.85 24.90 24.85 24.90 684 -0.07(-0.28%)
Jan 16, 2024 24.97 24.97 24.97 24.97 332 -0.09(-0.36%)
Jan 12, 2024 25.04 25.06 25.04 25.06 348 +0.09(+0.36%)
Jan 11, 2024 24.97 24.97 24.97 24.97 290 -0.02(-0.08%)
Jan 10, 2024 24.97 24.99 24.97 24.99 194 +0.06(+0.24%)
Jan 09, 2024 24.93 24.93 24.93 24.93 106 -0.07(-0.28%)
Jan 08, 2024 24.85 25.00 24.85 25.00 256 +0.21(+0.84%)
Jan 05, 2024 24.88 24.88 24.79 24.79 229 -0.03(-0.12%)
Jan 04, 2024 24.94 24.94 24.82 24.82 349 -0.02(-0.08%)
Jan 03, 2024 24.93 24.93 24.84 24.84 146 -0.13(-0.52%)
Jan 02, 2024 24.93 24.97 24.93 24.97 348 +0.05(+0.20%)
Dec 29, 2023 24.90 24.92 24.90 24.92 511 +0.01(+0.04%)
Dec 28, 2023 24.93 24.93 24.91 24.91 503 +0.04(+0.16%)
Dec 27, 2023 24.86 24.87 24.82 24.87 381 +0.05(+0.22%)
Dec 26, 2023 24.82 24.82 24.82 24.82 93 +0.07(+0.27%)
Dec 22, 2023 24.72 24.75 24.72 24.75 1,265 +0.11(+0.44%)
Dec 21, 2023 24.52 24.64 24.52 24.64 253 +0.19(+0.77%)
Dec 20, 2023 24.74 24.74 24.45 24.45 505 -0.33(-1.32%)
Dec 19, 2023 24.78 24.78 24.74 24.78 239 +0.07(+0.28%)
Dec 18, 2023 24.71 24.71 24.71 24.71 325 +0.13(+0.52%)
Dec 15, 2023 24.58 24.58 24.58 24.58 194 -0.16(-0.64%)
Dec 14, 2023 24.74 24.74 24.74 24.74 43 -0.16(-0.64%)
Dec 13, 2023 24.90 24.90 24.90 24.90 87 +0.37(+1.49%)
Dec 12, 2023 24.50 24.53 24.50 24.53 759 +0.07(+0.28%)
Dec 11, 2023 24.46 24.46 24.46 24.46 175 +0.22(+0.90%)
Dec 08, 2023 24.16 24.24 24.16 24.24 1,348 +0.02(+0.06%)
Dec 07, 2023 24.23 24.23 24.23 24.23 0 +0.05(+0.22%)
Dec 06, 2023 24.22 24.22 24.18 24.18 183 -0.04(-0.16%)
Dec 05, 2023 24.21 24.21 24.20 24.21 799 -0.09(-0.37%)
Dec 04, 2023 24.30 24.30 24.30 24.30 232 -0.02(-0.08%)
Dec 01, 2023 24.32 24.32 24.32 24.32 398 +0.20(+0.82%)
Nov 30, 2023 23.98 24.13 23.97 24.13 11,301 +0.24(+1.00%)
Nov 29, 2023 23.96 23.96 23.88 23.89 379 +0.02(+0.08%)
Nov 28, 2023 23.87 23.88 23.87 23.87 2,675 -0.03(-0.12%)
Nov 27, 2023 23.89 23.90 23.89 23.90 4,176 -0.05(-0.21%)
Nov 24, 2023 23.95 23.95 23.95 23.95 100 +0.06(+0.24%)
Nov 22, 2023 23.89 23.89 23.89 23.89 451 +0.09(+0.40%)
Nov 21, 2023 23.80 23.80 23.80 23.80 70 +0.19(+0.80%)
Nov 20, 2023 23.60 23.61 23.59 23.61 2,217 +0.09(+0.38%)
Nov 17, 2023 23.52 23.52 23.52 23.52 100 +0.04(+0.17%)
Nov 16, 2023 23.45 23.48 23.45 23.48 807 -0.01(-0.04%)
Nov 15, 2023 23.48 23.49 23.48 23.49 801 -0.02(-0.08%)
Nov 14, 2023 23.51 23.51 23.51 23.51 28 +0.35(+1.50%)
Nov 13, 2023 23.16 23.16 23.16 23.16 20 -0.01(-0.04%)
Nov 10, 2023 23.07 23.17 23.07 23.17 1,655 +0.23(+0.99%)
Nov 09, 2023 23.07 23.07 22.93 22.95 2,420 -0.18(-0.79%)
Nov 08, 2023 23.08 23.13 23.08 23.13 2,054 +0.01(+0.04%)
Nov 07, 2023 23.12 23.12 23.12 23.12 86 -0.04(-0.19%)
Nov 06, 2023 23.11 23.16 23.11 23.16 2,219 +0.08(+0.36%)
Nov 03, 2023 23.11 23.11 23.08 23.08 657 +0.21(+0.93%)
Nov 02, 2023 22.86 22.87 22.85 22.87 3,002 +0.37(+1.63%)
Nov 01, 2023 22.50 22.50 22.50 22.50 352 +0.13(+0.58%)
Oct 31, 2023 22.34 22.37 22.34 22.37 1,192 +0.19(+0.85%)
Oct 30, 2023 22.16 22.18 22.16 22.18 1,025 +0.21(+0.95%)
Oct 27, 2023 21.93 21.98 21.93 21.98 826 -0.25(-1.11%)
Oct 26, 2023 22.30 22.32 22.22 22.22 2,065 -0.06(-0.27%)
Oct 25, 2023 22.29 22.29 22.28 22.28 151 -0.14(-0.61%)
Oct 24, 2023 22.38 22.42 22.38 22.42 1,290 +0.17(+0.75%)
Oct 23, 2023 22.25 22.25 22.25 22.25 150 -0.13(-0.58%)
Oct 20, 2023 22.38 22.38 22.38 22.38 100 -0.17(-0.75%)
Oct 19, 2023 22.64 22.64 22.55 22.55 308 -0.28(-1.24%)
Oct 18, 2023 22.89 22.90 22.83 22.83 689 -0.24(-1.05%)
Oct 17, 2023 23.07 23.07 23.07 23.07 138 -0.02(-0.09%)
Oct 16, 2023 23.09 23.09 23.09 23.09 219 +0.23(+1.00%)
Oct 13, 2023 22.87 22.87 22.87 22.87 100 +0.02(+0.08%)
Oct 12, 2023 22.85 22.85 22.85 22.85 167 -0.16(-0.69%)
Oct 11, 2023 23.01 23.01 23.01 23.01 219 +0.12(+0.52%)
Oct 10, 2023 23.00 23.00 22.89 22.89 302 +0.12(+0.51%)
Oct 09, 2023 22.77 22.77 22.77 22.77 0 +0.17(+0.73%)
Oct 06, 2023 22.68 22.68 22.60 22.60 118 +0.20(+0.91%)
Oct 05, 2023 22.40 22.40 22.40 22.40 13 -0.04(-0.18%)
Oct 04, 2023 22.44 22.44 22.44 22.44 34 +0.14(+0.62%)
Oct 03, 2023 22.41 22.41 22.30 22.30 473 -0.19(-0.84%)
Oct 02, 2023 22.40 22.49 22.40 22.49 2,601 -0.17(-0.74%)
Sep 29, 2023 22.66 22.66 22.66 22.66 301 -0.10(-0.44%)
Sep 28, 2023 22.76 22.76 22.76 22.76 143 +0.06(+0.26%)
Sep 27, 2023 22.70 22.70 22.70 22.70 35 -0.08(-0.35%)
Sep 26, 2023 22.78 22.78 22.78 22.78 67 -0.26(-1.14%)
Sep 25, 2023 23.04 23.04 23.04 23.04 37 +0.03(+0.13%)
Sep 22, 2023 23.01 23.01 23.01 23.01 166 -0.02(-0.09%)
Sep 21, 2023 23.03 23.03 23.03 23.03 42 -0.31(-1.31%)
Sep 20, 2023 23.45 23.48 23.33 23.34 2,274 -0.03(-0.13%)
Sep 19, 2023 23.37 23.37 23.37 23.37 296 -0.02(-0.08%)
Sep 18, 2023 23.32 23.43 23.32 23.39 3,917 +0.03(+0.13%)
Sep 15, 2023 23.48 23.48 23.36 23.36 4,754 -0.22(-0.92%)
Sep 14, 2023 23.47 23.57 23.46 23.57 5,000 +0.18(+0.78%)
Sep 13, 2023 23.42 23.42 23.35 23.39 2,542 -0.02(-0.07%)
Sep 12, 2023 23.42 23.47 23.41 23.41 3,360 -0.13(-0.54%)
Sep 11, 2023 23.52 23.53 23.47 23.53 51,854 +0.08(+0.34%)
Sep 08, 2023 23.43 23.45 23.43 23.45 897 +0.05(+0.21%)
Sep 07, 2023 23.41 23.41 23.41 23.41 792 +0.06(+0.25%)
Sep 06, 2023 23.35 23.35 23.35 23.35 176 -0.09(-0.38%)
Sep 05, 2023 23.43 23.43 23.43 23.43 99 -0.21(-0.88%)
Sep 01, 2023 23.64 23.64 23.64 23.64 279 +0.05(+0.21%)
Aug 31, 2023 23.69 23.70 23.59 23.59 1,665 -0.12(-0.50%)
Aug 30, 2023 23.76 23.76 23.70 23.71 4,011 +0.06(+0.25%)
Aug 29, 2023 23.43 23.65 23.43 23.65 304 +0.18(+0.76%)
Aug 28, 2023 23.47 23.47 23.47 23.47 98 +0.12(+0.51%)
Aug 25, 2023 23.30 23.36 23.30 23.36 465 +0.15(+0.64%)
Aug 24, 2023 23.21 23.21 23.21 23.21 152 -0.14(-0.60%)
Aug 23, 2023 23.38 23.38 23.35 23.35 101 +0.15(+0.66%)
Aug 22, 2023 23.20 23.20 23.20 23.20 48 -0.01(-0.05%)
Aug 21, 2023 23.21 23.21 23.21 23.21 232 +0.01(+0.04%)
Aug 18, 2023 23.19 23.20 23.19 23.20 290 -0.01(-0.04%)
Aug 17, 2023 23.21 23.21 23.21 23.21 228 -0.13(-0.56%)
Aug 16, 2023 23.41 23.41 23.34 23.34 1,762 -0.12(-0.49%)
Aug 15, 2023 23.45 23.46 23.44 23.45 2,230 -0.19(-0.82%)
Aug 14, 2023 23.65 23.65 23.65 23.65 328 -0.00(-0.02%)
Aug 11, 2023 23.60 23.65 23.60 23.65 32,948 +0.11(+0.49%)
Aug 10, 2023 23.54 23.54 23.54 23.54 0 +0.00(+0.00%)
Aug 09, 2023 23.54 23.54 23.54 23.54 0 -0.01(-0.03%)
Aug 08, 2023 23.49 23.54 23.49 23.54 416 -0.07(-0.29%)
Aug 07, 2023 23.61 23.61 23.61 23.61 1 +0.21(+0.90%)
Aug 04, 2023 23.64 23.65 23.40 23.40 4,902 -0.14(-0.61%)
Aug 03, 2023 23.55 23.56 23.55 23.55 2,330 -0.09(-0.38%)
Aug 02, 2023 23.62 23.63 23.60 23.63 8,270 -0.14(-0.57%)
Aug 01, 2023 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 0 -0.05(-0.23%)
Jul 31, 2023 23.80 23.82 23.79 23.82 950 -0.02(-0.08%)
Jul 28, 2023 23.86 23.88 23.84 23.84 986 +0.04(+0.18%)
Jul 27, 2023 23.95 24.00 23.79 23.80 6,561 -0.21(-0.87%)
Jul 26, 2023 24.00 24.01 23.97 24.01 7,713 -0.09(-0.37%)
Jul 25, 2023 24.00 24.11 24.00 24.10 2,502 +0.06(+0.25%)
Jul 24, 2023 24.06 24.06 24.04 24.04 325 +0.03(+0.13%)
Jul 21, 2023 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 187 +0.15(+0.61%)
Jul 20, 2023 23.85 23.86 23.85 23.86 2,260 +0.09(+0.37%)
Jul 19, 2023 23.82 23.82 23.77 23.77 1,178 +0.11(+0.46%)
Jul 18, 2023 23.69 23.69 23.60 23.66 2,882 +0.09(+0.38%)
Jul 17, 2023 23.58 23.60 23.57 23.57 4,748 +0.02(+0.08%)
Jul 14, 2023 23.58 23.60 23.55 23.55 3,479 -0.03(-0.15%)
Jul 13, 2023 23.57 23.59 23.57 23.59 29,226 +0.08(+0.36%)
Jul 12, 2023 23.50 23.50 23.50 23.50 52 +0.05(+0.20%)
Jul 11, 2023 23.40 23.47 23.39 23.46 51,664 +0.22(+0.96%)
Jul 10, 2023 23.24 23.24 23.23 23.23 143 +0.15(+0.64%)
Jul 07, 2023 23.16 23.18 23.08 23.08 1,590 -0.13(-0.57%)
Jul 06, 2023 23.22 23.22 23.22 23.22 0 -0.16(-0.68%)
Jul 05, 2023 23.38 23.38 23.38 23.38 4 -0.02(-0.08%)
Jul 03, 2023 23.43 23.43 23.40 23.40 1,474 -0.06(-0.24%)
Jun 30, 2023 23.37 23.45 23.37 23.45 609 +0.23(+1.00%)
Jun 29, 2023 23.22 23.22 23.22 23.22 12 +0.20(+0.86%)
Jun 28, 2023 23.02 23.02 23.02 23.02 2 -0.14(-0.62%)
Jun 27, 2023 23.16 23.16 23.16 23.16 95 +0.19(+0.84%)
Jun 26, 2023 23.01 23.01 22.96 22.97 5,892 +0.05(+0.22%)
Jun 23, 2023 22.91 22.92 22.91 22.92 105 -0.14(-0.63%)
Jun 22, 2023 23.07 23.07 23.07 23.07 83 -0.01(-0.06%)
Jun 21, 2023 23.09 23.13 23.08 23.08 328 -0.03(-0.13%)
Jun 20, 2023 23.11 23.11 23.11 23.11 75 -0.17(-0.71%)
Jun 16, 2023 23.33 23.33 23.27 23.27 153 +0.02(+0.08%)
Jun 15, 2023 23.24 23.32 23.24 23.26 9,473 +0.30(+1.29%)
Jun 14, 2023 22.99 22.99 22.93 22.96 534 -0.01(-0.04%)
Jun 13, 2023 22.96 22.99 22.96 22.97 36,000 +0.15(+0.65%)
Jun 12, 2023 22.74 22.82 22.74 22.82 356 +0.12(+0.52%)
Jun 09, 2023 22.72 22.72 22.71 22.71 333 +0.00(+0.02%)
Jun 08, 2023 22.62 22.70 22.62 22.70 262 +0.13(+0.56%)
Jun 07, 2023 22.57 22.57 22.57 22.57 0 -0.01(-0.04%)
Jun 06, 2023 22.55 22.58 22.55 22.58 736 -0.06(-0.25%)
Jun 05, 2023 22.64 22.64 22.64 22.64 0 -0.04(-0.17%)
Jun 02, 2023 22.68 22.68 22.68 22.68 101 +0.30(+1.36%)
Data & News supplied by www.cloudquote.io
Stock quotes supplied by Barchart
Quotes delayed at least 20 minutes.
By accessing this page, you agree to the following
Privacy Policy and Terms and Conditions.