Form 10-K
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
FORM 10-K
x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011
or
¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from
to
Commission File Number 1-5231
McDONALDS CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Delaware (State or other
jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
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36-2361282 (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.) |
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One McDonalds Plaza Oak
Brook, Illinois (Address of principal executive offices) |
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60523 (Zip code) |
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Registrants telephone number, including area code: (630) 623-3000
Securities registered
pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
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Title of each class |
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Name of each exchange
on which registered |
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Common stock, $.01 par value |
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New York Stock Exchange |
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Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
(Title of class)
Indicate by check
mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ¨ No
x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such
shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web
site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such
files). Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the
best of registrants knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a
large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of large accelerated filer, accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2
of the Exchange Act.
(Check one):
Large accelerated
filer x Accelerated
filer ¨
Non-accelerated filer ¨ (do not check
if a smaller reporting company) Smaller reporting company ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange
Act). Yes ¨ No x
The aggregate market value of common stock held by
non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 30, 2011 was $86,947,538,692.
The number of shares outstanding of the registrants common stock as
of January 31, 2012 was 1,018,555,678.
DOCUMENTS
INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Part III of this Form 10-K incorporates information by reference from the registrants 2012 definitive proxy statement
which will be filed no later than 120 days after December 31, 2011.
McDONALDS CORPORATION
INDEX
All trademarks used herein are the property of their respective owners and are used with permission.
PART I
ITEM 1. Business
McDonalds Corporation, the registrant, together with its subsidiaries, is referred to herein as the Company.
a. General development of business
During 2011, there have been no material changes to the Companys
corporate structure or in its method of conducting business. In 2011, the Company has continued the process it began in 2005 to realign certain subsidiaries to develop a corporate structure within its geographic segments that better reflects the
operation of the McDonalds worldwide business.
b. Financial information about segments
Segment data for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009 are included in Part II, Item 8, page 40 of this Form 10-K.
c. Narrative description of business
The Company franchises
and operates McDonalds restaurants in the global restaurant industry. These restaurants serve a broad menu (see Products) at various price points providing value in 119 countries around the world.
All restaurants are operated either by the Company or by franchisees, including conventional franchisees under franchise arrangements, and
developmental licensees and foreign affiliated markets under license agreements.
The Companys operations are designed to assure
consistency and high quality at every restaurant. When granting franchises or licenses, the Company is selective and generally is not in the practice of franchising to passive investors.
Under the conventional franchise arrangement, franchisees provide a portion of the capital required by initially investing in the equipment, signs,
seating and décor of their restaurant businesses, and by reinvesting in the business over time. The Company owns the land and building or secures long-term leases for both Company-operated and conventional franchised restaurant sites. In
certain circumstances, the Company participates in reinvestment for conventional franchised restaurants. A discussion regarding site selection is included in Part I, Item 2, page 6 of this Form 10-K.
Conventional franchisees contribute to the Companys revenue stream through the payment of rent and royalties based upon a percent of sales,
with specified minimum rent payments, along with initial fees received upon the opening of a new restaurant or the granting of a new franchise term. The conventional franchise arrangement typically lasts 20 years, and franchising practices are
generally consistent throughout the world. Over 70% of franchised restaurants operate under conventional franchise arrangements.
Under a
developmental license arrangement, licensees provide capital for the entire business, including the real estate interest. While the Company has no capital invested, it receives a royalty based on a percent of sales, as well as initial fees. The
largest of these developmental license arrangements operates over 1,800 restaurants across 19 countries in Latin America and the Caribbean.
The Company has an equity investment in a limited number of foreign affiliated markets, referred to
as affiliates. The largest of these affiliates is Japan, where there are approximately 3,300 restaurants. The Company receives a royalty based on a percent of sales in these markets and records its share of net results in Equity in earnings of
unconsolidated affiliates.
The Company and its franchisees purchase food, packaging, equipment and other goods from numerous independent
suppliers. The Company has established and strictly enforces high quality standards and product specifications. The Company has quality centers around the world to ensure that its high standards are consistently met. The quality assurance process
not only involves ongoing product reviews, but also on-site supplier visits. A quality leadership board, composed of the Companys technical, safety and supply chain specialists, provides strategic global leadership for all aspects of food
quality and safety. In addition, the Company works closely with suppliers to encourage innovation, assure best practices and drive continuous improvement. Leveraging scale, supply chain infrastructure and risk management strategies, the Company also
collaborates with suppliers toward a goal of achieving competitive, predictable food and paper costs over the long term.
Independently
owned and operated distribution centers, approved by the Company, distribute products and supplies to most McDonalds restaurants. In addition, restaurant personnel are trained in the proper storage, handling and preparation of products and in
the delivery of customer service.
McDonalds global brand is well known. Marketing, promotional and public relations activities are
designed to promote McDonalds brand image and differentiate the Company from competitors. Marketing and promotional efforts focus on value, food taste, menu choice, nutrition, convenience and the customer experience. The Company continuously
endeavors to improve its social responsibility and environmental practices to achieve long-term sustainability, which benefits McDonalds and the communities it serves.
McDonalds
restaurants offer a substantially uniform menu, although there are geographic variations to suit local consumer preferences and tastes. In addition, McDonalds tests new products on an ongoing basis.
McDonalds menu includes hamburgers and cheeseburgers, Big Mac, Quarter Pounder with Cheese, Filet-O-Fish, several chicken sandwiches, Chicken
McNuggets, Snack Wraps, french fries, salads, oatmeal, shakes, McFlurry desserts, sundaes, soft serve cones, pies, soft drinks, coffee, McCafé beverages and other beverages. In addition, the restaurants sell a variety of other products during
limited-time promotions.
McDonalds restaurants in the U.S. and many international markets offer a full or limited breakfast menu.
Breakfast offerings may include Egg McMuffin, Sausage McMuffin with Egg, McGriddles, biscuit and bagel sandwiches and hotcakes.
The
Company owns or is licensed to use valuable intellectual property including trademarks, service marks, patents, copyrights, trade secrets and other proprietary information. The Company considers the trademarks McDonalds and
The Golden Arches Logo to be of material importance to its business. Depending on the jurisdiction, trademarks and service marks generally are valid
McDonalds Corporation Annual Report 2011 1
as long as they are used and/or registered. Patents, copyrights and licenses are of varying remaining durations.
The Company
does not consider its operations to be seasonal to any material degree.
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Working capital practices |
Information about the Companys working capital practices is incorporated herein by reference to Managements discussion and analysis of financial
condition and results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009 in Part II, Item 7, pages 10 through 26, and the Consolidated statement of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009 in
Part II, Item 8, page 29 of this Form 10-K.
The Companys
business is not dependent upon either a single customer or small group of customers.
Company-operated
restaurants have no backlog orders.
No material
portion of the business is subject to renegotiation of profits or termination of contracts or subcontracts at the election of the U.S. government.
McDonalds
restaurants compete with international, national, regional and local retailers of food products. The Company competes on the basis of price, convenience, service, menu variety and product quality in a highly fragmented global restaurant industry.
In measuring the Companys competitive position, management reviews data compiled by Euromonitor International, a leading source of
market data with respect to the global restaurant industry. The Companys primary competition, which management refers to as the Informal Eating Out (IEO) segment, includes the following restaurant categories defined by Euromonitor
International: quick-service eating establishments, casual dining full-service restaurants, 100% home delivery/takeaway providers, street stalls or kiosks, specialist coffee shops, juice/smoothie bars and self-service cafeterias. The IEO segment
excludes establishments that primarily serve alcohol and full-service restaurants other than casual dining.
Based on data from
Euromonitor International, the global IEO segment was composed of approximately 6.5 million outlets and generated $933 billion in annual sales in 2010, the most recent year for which data is available. McDonalds Systemwide 2010 restaurant
business accounted for approximately 0.5% of those outlets and about 8% of the sales.
Management also on occasion benchmarks
McDonalds against the entire restaurant industry, including the IEO segment defined above and all other full-service restaurants. Based on data from Euromonitor International, the restaurant industry was composed of approximately
13.7 million outlets and generated about $1.86 trillion in annual sales in 2010. McDonalds Systemwide restaurant business accounted for approximately 0.2% of those outlets and about 4% of the sales.
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Research and development |
The
Company operates research and development facilities in the U.S., Europe and Asia. While research and development activities are important to the Companys business, these expenditures are not material. Independent suppliers also conduct
research activities that benefit the Company, its franchisees and suppliers (collectively referred to as the System).
Increased
focus by U.S. and overseas governmental authorities on environmental matters is likely to lead to new governmental initiatives, particularly in the area of climate change. While we cannot predict the precise nature of these initiatives, we expect
that they may impact our business both directly and indirectly. Although the impact would likely vary by world region and/or market, we believe that adoption of new regulations may increase costs, including for the Company, its franchisees and
suppliers. Also, there is a possibility that governmental initiatives, or actual or perceived effects of changes in weather patterns or climate, could have a direct impact on the operations of our restaurants or the operations of our suppliers in
ways which we cannot predict at this time.
The Company monitors developments related to environmental matters and plans to respond to
governmental initiatives in a timely and appropriate manner. At this time, the Company has already begun to undertake its own initiatives relating to preservation of the environment, including the development of means to monitor and reduce energy
use, in many of its markets.
The
Companys number of employees worldwide, including Company-operated restaurant employees, was approximately 420,000 as of year-end 2011.
d.
Financial information about geographic areas
Financial information about geographic areas is incorporated herein by reference to Managements
discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations in Part II, Item 7, pages 10 through 26 and Segment and geographic information in Part II, Item 8, page 40 of this Form 10-K.
e. Available information
The Company is subject to the
informational requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Exchange Act). The Company therefore files periodic reports, proxy statements and other information with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Such reports may be
obtained by visiting the Public Reference Room of the SEC at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, DC 20549, or by calling the SEC at (800) SEC-0330. In addition, the SEC maintains an Internet site (www.sec.gov) that contains reports, proxy and
information statements and other information.
Financial and other information can also be accessed on the investor section of the
Companys website at www.aboutmcdonalds.com. The Company makes available, free of charge, copies of its annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished
pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act as soon as reasonably practicable after filing such material electronically or otherwise furnishing it to the SEC. Copies of financial and other information are also available free of
charge by calling (800) 228-9623 or by sending a request to
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McDonalds Corporation Shareholder Services, Department 720, 2111 McDonalds Drive, Oak Brook, Illinois 60523.
Also posted on McDonalds website are the Companys Corporate Governance Principles, the charters of McDonalds Audit Committee,
Compensation Committee and Governance Committee, the Companys Standards of Business Conduct, the Code of Ethics for Chief Executive Officer and Senior Financial Officers and the Code of Conduct for the Board of Directors. Copies of these
documents are also available free of charge by calling (800) 228-9623 or by sending a request to McDonalds Corporation Shareholder Services, Department 720, 2111 McDonalds Drive, Oak Brook, Illinois 60523.
Information on the Companys website is not incorporated into this Form 10-K or the Companys other securities filings and is not a part
of them.
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors and Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
The information on this report includes forward-looking statements about our plans and future performance, including those under Outlook for 2012. These statements use such words as may,
will, expect, believe and plan. They reflect our expectations and speak only as of the date of this report. We do not undertake to update them. Our expectations (or the underlying assumptions) may
change or not be realized, and you should not rely unduly on forward-looking statements.
Our business and execution of our strategic
plan, the Plan to Win, are subject to risks. The most important of these is whether we can remain relevant to our customers and a brand they trust. Meeting customer expectations is complicated by the risks inherent in our global operating
environment. The IEO segment of the restaurant industry, although largely mature in our major markets, is highly fragmented and competitive. The IEO segment has been contracting in many markets, including some major markets, due to unfavorable
economic conditions, and this may continue. Persistently high unemployment rates in many markets have also increased consumer focus on value and heightened pricing sensitivity. Combined with increasing pressure on commodity and labor costs, these
circumstances affect restaurant sales and margin growth despite the strength of our brand and value proposition. We have the added challenge of the cultural, economic and regulatory differences that exist within and among the more than 100 countries
where we operate. Initiatives we undertake may not have universal appeal among different segments of our customer base and can drive unanticipated changes in guest counts and customer perceptions. Our operations, plans and results are also affected
by regulatory and similar initiatives around the world, notably the focus on nutritional content and the production, processing and preparation of food from field to front counter, as well as industry marketing practices.
These risks can have an impact both in the near- and long-term and are reflected in the following considerations and factors that we believe are
most likely to affect our performance.
Our ability to remain a relevant and trusted brand and to increase sales and profits depends largely on how well
we execute the Plan to Win.
The Plan to Win addresses the key drivers of our business and resultspeople, products, place,
price and promotion. The quality of our execution depends mainly on the following:
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Our ability to anticipate and respond effectively to trends or other factors that affect the IEO segment and our competitive position in the diverse markets we
serve, such as spending patterns, demographic changes, trends in food preparation, consumer preferences and publicity about us, all of which can drive popular perceptions of our business or affect the willingness of other companies to enter into
site, supply or other arrangements or alliances with us; |
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The risks associated with our franchise business model, including whether our franchisees and developmental licensees will have the experience and financial
resources to be effective operators and remain aligned with us on operating, promotional and capital-intensive initiatives and the potential impact on us if they experience food safety or other operational problems or project a brand image
inconsistent with our values, particularly if our contractual and other rights and remedies are limited by local law or otherwise, costly to exercise or subject to litigation; |
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Our ability to drive restaurant improvements that achieve optimal capacity, particularly during peak mealtime hours, and to motivate our restaurant personnel and
our franchisees to achieve consistency and high service levels so as to improve consumer perceptions of our ability to meet expectations for quality food served in clean and friendly environments; |
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Whether our restaurant reimaging and rebuilding plans, which remain a priority, are targeted at the elements of the restaurant experience that will best
accomplish our goals and whether we can complete our plans as and when projected; |
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The costs and operational risks associated with our increasing reliance on information technology (including our point-of-sale and other in-store technology
systems or platforms), including the risk that we will not realize fully the benefits of our investments in technology, which we are accelerating, as well as the potential for system failures, programming errors or breaches of security involving our
systems or those of third-party operators of our systems; |
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The success of our initiatives to support menu choice, physical activity and nutritional awareness and to address these and other matters of social
responsibility in a way that communicates our values effectively and inspires trust and confidence; |
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Our ability to respond effectively to adverse perceptions about the quick-service category of the IEO segment or about our products (including their nutritional
content), promotions and premiums, such as Happy Meals (collectively, our products), how we source the commodities we use, and our ability to manage the potential impact on McDonalds of food-borne illnesses or product safety issues;
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2011 3
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The impact of social media and other mobile communications or photo applications that can be used to promote adverse perceptions of our operations or those of
our suppliers, or to promote or threaten boycotts or other actions involving us or our suppliers, with significantly greater speed and scope than traditional media outlets; |
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The success of our tiered approach to menu offerings and our ability to introduce new offerings, as well as the impact of our competitors actions,
including in response to our menu changes, and our ability to continue robust menu development and manage the complexity of our restaurant operations; |
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Our ability to differentiate the McDonalds experience in a way that balances consumer value with margin expansion, particularly in markets where pricing or
cost pressures are significant or have been exacerbated by the current challenging economic and operating environment; |
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The impact of pricing, marketing and promotional plans on sales and margins and our ability to adjust these plans to respond quickly to changing economic
conditions; |
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The impact of events such as boycotts or protests, labor strikes and supply chain interruptions (including due to lack of supply or price increases) that can
adversely affect us directly or adversely affect the vendors, franchisees and others that are also part of the McDonalds System and whose performance has a material impact on our results; |
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Our ability to recruit and retain qualified local personnel to manage our operations and growth, particularly in certain developing markets; and
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Our ability to leverage promotional or operating successes in individual markets into other markets in a timely and cost-effective way.
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Our results and financial condition are affected by global and local market conditions, which can adversely affect our sales,
margins and net income.
Our results of operations are substantially affected not only by global economic conditions, but also by
local operating and economic conditions, which can vary substantially by market. Unfavorable conditions can depress sales in a given market or daypart (e.g., breakfast). To mitigate the impact of these conditions, we may take promotional or other
actions that adversely affect our margins, limit our operating flexibility or result in charges or restaurant closings. Some macroeconomic conditions have an even more wide-ranging and prolonged impact. The current environment has been characterized
by weak economies, persistently high unemployment rates, inflationary pressures and extreme volatility in financial markets worldwide, which has been exacerbated by the significant uncertainty associated with the ongoing sovereign debt crisis in
certain Eurozone countries. This environment has adversely affected both business and consumer confidence and spending, and uncertainty about the long-term investment environment could further depress capital investment and economic activity. These
unfavorable conditions are expected to persist for the foreseeable future in many of our most important markets. The key factors that can affect our operations, plans and results in this environment are the following:
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Whether our strategies will be effective in enabling the continued market share gains that we have included in our plans, while at the same time enabling us to
achieve our targeted
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operating income growth, despite the uncertain economic outlook, resurgent competitors and a more costly and competitive advertising environment; |
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The effectiveness of our supply chain management to assure reliable and sufficient product supply on favorable terms; |
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The impact on consumer disposable income levels and spending habits of governmental actions to manage national economic matters, whether through austerity or
stimulus measures and initiatives intended to control wages, unemployment, credit availability, inflation, taxation and other economic drivers; |
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The impact on restaurant sales and margins of recent volatility in commodity and gasoline prices, which we expect will continue and may be exacerbated by current
events in the Middle East, and the impact of pricing, hedging and other actions that we, franchisees and suppliers may take to address this environment; |
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The impact on our margins of labor costs given our labor-intensive business model, the long-term trend toward higher wages in both mature and developing markets
and any potential impact of union organizing efforts; |
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The impact of foreign exchange and interest rates on our financial condition and results; |
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Whether we are able to identify and develop restaurant sites consistent with our plans for net growth of Systemwide restaurants from year to year, and whether
new sites are as profitable as expected; |
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The challenges and uncertainties associated with operating in developing markets, which may entail a relatively higher risk of political instability, economic
volatility, crime, corruption and social and ethnic unrest, all of which are exacerbated in many cases by a lack of an independent and experienced judiciary and uncertainties in how local law is applied and enforced, including in areas most relevant
to commercial transactions and foreign investment; |
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The nature and timing of decisions about underperforming markets or assets, including decisions that result in impairment charges that reduce our earnings;
and |
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The impact of changes in our debt levels on our credit ratings, interest expense, availability of acceptable counterparties, ability to obtain funding on
favorable terms or our operating or financial flexibility, especially if lenders impose new operating or financial covenants. |
Increasing legal and regulatory complexity will continue to affect our operations and results in material ways.
Our legal and regulatory environment worldwide exposes us to complex compliance, litigation and similar risks that affect our operations and
results in material ways. In many of our markets, including the United States and Europe, we are subject to increasing regulation, which has increased our cost of doing business. In developing markets, we face the risks associated with new and
untested laws and judicial systems. Among the more important regulatory and litigation risks we face and must manage are the following:
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The cost, compliance and other risks associated with the often conflicting and highly prescriptive regulations we face, especially in the United States where
inconsistent standards |
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imposed by local, state and federal authorities can adversely affect popular perceptions of our business and increase our exposure to litigation or governmental investigations or proceedings;
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The impact of new, potential or changing regulation that can affect our business plans, such as those relating to marketing and the content and safety of our
food and other products, as well as the risks and costs of our labeling and other disclosure practices, particularly given varying legal requirements and practices for testing and disclosure within our industry, ordinary variations in food
preparation among our own restaurants, and the need to rely on the accuracy and completeness of information from third-party suppliers; |
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The impact of nutritional, health and other scientific inquiries and conclusions, which constantly evolve and often have contradictory implications, but
nonetheless drive popular opinion, litigation and regulation, including taxation, in ways that could be material to our business; |
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The risks and costs to us, our franchisees and our supply chain of increased focus by U.S. and overseas governmental authorities and non-governmental
organizations on environmental matters, such as environmental sustainability, climate change, greenhouse gases and water consumption, including initiatives that effectively impose a tax on carbon emissions; |
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The impact of litigation trends, particularly in our major markets, including class actions, labor and employment claims, landlord/tenant disputes and
intellectual property claims (including often aggressive or opportunistic attempts to enforce patents used in information technology systems); the relative level of our defense costs, which vary from period to period depending on the number, nature
and procedural status of pending proceedings; the cost and other effects of settlements or judgments, which may require us to make disclosures or take other actions that may affect perceptions of our brand and products; and the scope and terms of
insurance or indemnification protections that we may have; |
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Adverse results of pending or future litigation, including litigation challenging the composition of our products, or the appropriateness or accuracy of our
marketing or other communication practices; |
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The increasing costs and other effects of compliance with U.S. and overseas regulations affecting our workforce and labor practices, including regulations
relating to wage and hour practices, immigration, healthcare, retirement and other employee benefits and unlawful workplace discrimination; |
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Disruptions in our operations or price volatility in a market that can result from governmental actions, such as price, foreign exchange or import-export
controls, increased tariffs or government-mandated closure of our or our vendors operations, and the cost and disruption of responding to governmental investigations or proceedings, whether or not they have merit; |
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The legal and compliance risks associated with information technology, such as the costs of compliance with privacy, consumer protection and other laws, the
potential costs associated with alleged security breaches (including the loss of consumer confidence that may result and the risk of criminal penalties or civil liability to consumers or employees whose
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data is alleged to have been collected or used inappropriately) and potential challenges to the associated intellectual property rights or to our use of that intellectual property; and
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The impact of changes in financial reporting requirements, accounting principles or practices, including with respect to our critical accounting estimates,
changes in tax accounting or tax laws (or related authoritative interpretations), particularly if corporate tax reform becomes a key component of budgetary initiatives in the United States and elsewhere, and the impact of settlements of pending or
any future adjustments proposed by the IRS or other taxing authorities in connection with our tax audits, all of which will depend on their timing, nature and scope. |
The trading volatility and price of our common stock may be affected by many factors.
Many
factors affect the volatility and price of our common stock in addition to our operating results and prospects. The most important of these, some of which are outside our control, are the following:
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The continuing unfavorable global economic and extremely volatile market conditions; |
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Governmental action or inaction in light of key indicators of economic activity or events that can significantly influence financial markets, particularly in the
United States which is the principal trading market for our common stock, and media reports and commentary about economic or other matters, even when the matter in question does not directly relate to our business; |
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Changes in financial or tax reporting and accounting principles or practices that materially affect our reported financial condition and results and investor
perceptions of our performance; |
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Trading activity in our common stock or trading activity in derivative instruments with respect to our common stock or debt securities, which can reflect market
commentary (including commentary that may be unreliable or incomplete in some cases) or expectations about our business, our creditworthiness or investor confidence generally; actions by shareholders and others seeking to influence our business
strategies; portfolio transactions in our stock by significant shareholders; or trading activity that results from the ordinary course rebalancing of stock indices in which McDonalds may be included, such as the S&P 500 Index and the Dow
Jones Industrial Average; |
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The impact of our stock repurchase program or dividend rate; and |
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The impact on our results of other corporate actions, such as those we may take from time to time as part of our continuous review of our corporate structure in
light of business, legal and tax considerations. |
Our results and prospects can be adversely affected by events such as severe
weather conditions, natural disasters, hostilities and social unrest, among others.
Severe weather conditions, natural disasters,
hostilities and social unrest, terrorist activities, health epidemics or pandemics (or expectations about them) can adversely affect consumer spending and confidence levels or other factors that affect our results and
McDonalds Corporation Annual Report
2011 5
prospects, such as commodity costs. Our receipt of proceeds under any insurance we maintain with respect to certain of these risks may be delayed or the proceeds may be insufficient to offset our
losses fully.
ITEM 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
None.
ITEM 2. Properties
The Company owns and leases real estate primarily in connection with its restaurant business. The Company identifies and develops sites that offer convenience to customers and long-term sales and profit potential
to the Company. To assess potential, the Company analyzes traffic and walking patterns, census data and other relevant data. The Companys experience and access to advanced technology aid in evaluating this information. The Company generally
owns the land and building or secures long-term leases for restaurant sites, which ensures long-term occupancy rights and helps control related costs. Restaurant profitability for both the Company and franchisees is important; therefore, ongoing
efforts are made to control average development costs through construction and design efficiencies, standardization and by leveraging the Companys global sourcing network. Additional information about the Companys properties is included
in Managements discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations in Part II, Item 7, pages 10 through 26 and in Financial statements and supplementary data in Part II, Item 8, pages 26 through 43 of this
Form 10-K.
ITEM 3. Legal Proceedings
The Company has pending a number of lawsuits that have been
filed in various jurisdictions. These lawsuits cover a broad variety of allegations spanning the Companys entire business. The following is a brief description of the more significant types of lawsuits. In addition, the Company is subject to
various federal, state and local regulations that impact various aspects of its business, as discussed below. While the Company does not believe that any such claims, lawsuits or regulations will have a material adverse effect on its financial
condition or results of operations, unfavorable rulings could occur. Were an unfavorable ruling to occur, there exists the possibility of a material adverse impact on net income for the period in which the ruling occurs or for future periods.
A substantial number
of McDonalds restaurants are franchised to independent entrepreneurs operating under contractual arrangements with the Company. In the course of the franchise relationship, occasional disputes arise between the Company and its franchisees
relating to a broad range of subjects including, but not limited to, quality, service and cleanliness issues, contentions regarding grants or terminations of franchises, delinquent payments of rents and fees, and franchisee claims for additional
franchises or rewrites of franchises. Additionally, occasional disputes arise between the Company and individuals who claim they should have been granted a McDonalds franchise.
The Company and its
affiliates and subsidiaries do not supply food, paper or related items to any McDonalds restaurants. The Company relies upon numerous independent suppliers that are required to meet and maintain the Companys high standards and
specifications. On occasion, disputes arise between the Company and its suppliers which include, by way of example, compliance with product specifications and the Companys business relationship with suppliers. In addition, disputes
occasionally arise on a number of issues between the Company and individuals or entities who claim that they should be (or should have been) granted the opportunity to supply products or services to the Companys restaurants.
Hundreds of thousands
of people are employed by the Company and in restaurants owned and operated by subsidiaries of the Company. In addition, thousands of people from time to time seek employment in such restaurants. In the ordinary course of business, disputes arise
regarding hiring, firing, promotion and pay practices, including wage and hour disputes, alleged discrimination and compliance with employment laws.
Restaurants owned by
subsidiaries of the Company regularly serve a broad segment of the public. In so doing, disputes arise as to products, service, incidents, advertising, nutritional and other disclosures, as well as other matters common to an extensive restaurant
business such as that of the Company.
The
Company has registered trademarks and service marks, patents and copyrights, some of which are of material importance to the Companys business. From time to time, the Company may become involved in litigation to protect its intellectual
property and defend against the alleged use of third party intellectual property.
Local,
state and federal governments have adopted laws and regulations involving various aspects of the restaurant business including, but not limited to, advertising, franchising, health, safety, environment, zoning and employment. The Company strives to
comply with all applicable existing statutory and administrative rules and cannot predict the effect on its operations from the issuance of additional requirements in the future.
ITEM 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
6 McDonalds Corporation Annual Report 2011
The following are the Executive Officers of our Company (as of the date of this filing):
Jose Armario, 52, is Corporate Executive Vice PresidentGlobal Supply Chain, Development and Franchising, a position he has held since October 2011. He
previously served as Group President, McDonalds Canada and Latin America from February 2008 through September 2011 and President, McDonalds Latin America from December 2003 to February 2008. Mr. Armario has been with the Company for
15 years.
Peter J. Bensen, 49, is Corporate Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, a position he has held since
January 2008. From April 2007 through December 2007, he served as Corporate Senior Vice PresidentController. Prior to that time, Mr. Bensen served as Corporate Vice PresidentAssistant Controller from February 2002 through March
2007. Mr. Bensen has been with the Company for 15 years.
Timothy J. Fenton, 54, is President, McDonalds Asia/Pacific,
Middle East and Africa, a position he has held since January 2005. From May 2003 to January 2005, he served as President, East Division for McDonalds USA. Mr. Fenton has been with the Company for 38 years.
Janice L. Fields, 56, is President, McDonalds USA, a position she has held since January 2010. She previously served as Executive
Vice President and Chief Operations Officer for McDonalds USA from August 2006 to January 2010, and President, Central Division of McDonalds USA from May 2003 to August 2006. Ms. Fields has been with the Company for 33 years.
Richard Floersch, 54, is Corporate Executive Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer. Mr. Floersch joined the
Company in November 2003. He previously served as Senior Vice President of Human Resources for Kraft Foods from 1998 through 2003. Mr. Floersch has been with the Company for eight years.
Douglas M. Goare, 59, is President, McDonalds Europe, a position he has held since October 2011. From February 2011 through
September 2011, he served as Corporate Executive Vice President of Supply Chain and Development. From June 2007 through November 2010, he held the position of Corporate Senior Vice President of Supply Chain. In addition to this role,
Mr. Goare assumed responsibility for Development in December 2010 and served as Corporate Senior Vice President of Supply Chain and Development through January 2011. He previously served as U.S. Vice President and General Manager of the
Greater Chicago Region from October 2004 through May 2007. Mr. Goare has been with the Company for 33 years.
Kevin L. Newell, 54, is Corporate Executive Vice President and Global Chief Brand Officer, a position he has held since February 2011. From September 2009 through January 2011, he served
as U.S. Senior Vice President and Restaurant Support Officer for the West Division. Prior to that time, Mr. Newell served as U.S. Vice President & General Manager of the Greater Southern Region from November 2006 through August
2009. Mr. Newell has been with the Company for 22 years.
Kevin M. Ozan, 48, is Corporate Senior Vice
PresidentController, a position he has held since February 2008. From May 2007 through January 2008, he served as Corporate Vice PresidentAssistant Controller. He previously served as a Senior Director in Investor Relations from
May 2006 to April 2007. Mr. Ozan has been with the Company for 14 years.
Gloria Santona, 61, is Corporate Executive
Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary, a position she has held since July 2003. From June 2001 to July 2003, she served as Corporate Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary. Ms. Santona has been with the Company for 34
years.
James A. Skinner, 67, is Vice Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, a post to which he was elected in November 2004, and
also has served as a Director since that date. He served as Vice Chairman from January 2003 to November 2004. Mr. Skinner has been with the Company for 40 years.
Jeffrey P. Stratton, 56, is Corporate Executive Vice PresidentChief Restaurant Officer, a position he has held since January 2005. He previously served as U.S. Executive Vice President, Chief
Restaurant Officer from January 2004 through December 2004. Prior to that time, he served as Senior Vice President, Chief Restaurant Officer of McDonalds USA from May 2002 to January 2004. Mr. Stratton has been with the Company for 38
years.
Donald Thompson, 48, is President and Chief Operating Officer, a position to which he was elected in January 2010.
Mr. Thompson was also elected a Director in January 2011. He previously served as President, McDonalds USA, from August 2006 to January 2010, and as Executive Vice President and Chief Operations Officer for McDonalds USA from
January 2005 to August 2006. Mr. Thompson has been with the Company for 21 years.
McDonalds Corporation Annual Report
2011 7
PART II
ITEM 5. Market for
Registrants Common Equity, Related Shareholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
The Companys common stock trades under the symbol MCD
and is listed on the New York Stock Exchange in the U.S.
The following table sets forth the common stock price ranges on the New York Stock Exchange and
dividends declared per common share:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
|
|
2010 |
|
Dollars per share |
|
High |
|
|
Low |
|
|
Dividend |
|
|
|
|
High |
|
|
Low |
|
|
Dividend |
|
Quarter: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
First |
|
|
77.59 |
|
|
|
72.14 |
|
|
|
0.61 |
|
|
|
|
|
67.49 |
|
|
|
61.06 |
|
|
|
0.55 |
|
Second |
|
|
84.91 |
|
|
|
75.66 |
|
|
|
0.61 |
|
|
|
|
|
71.84 |
|
|
|
65.55 |
|
|
|
0.55 |
|
Third |
|
|
91.22 |
|
|
|
82.01 |
|
|
|
1.31 |
* |
|
|
|
|
76.26 |
|
|
|
65.31 |
|
|
|
1.16 |
* |
Fourth |
|
|
101.00 |
|
|
|
83.74 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
80.94 |
|
|
|
74.40 |
|
|
|
|
|
Year |
|
|
101.00 |
|
|
|
72.14 |
|
|
|
2.53 |
|
|
|
|
|
80.94 |
|
|
|
61.06 |
|
|
|
2.26 |
|
* |
Includes a $0.61 and $0.55 per share dividend declared and paid in third quarter of 2011 and 2010, respectively, and a $0.70 and $0.61 per share dividend declared in third
quarter and paid in fourth quarter of 2011 and 2010, respectively.
|
The number of shareholders of record and beneficial owners of the Companys common stock as of
January 31, 2012 was estimated to be 1,583,000.
Given the Companys returns on equity, incremental invested capital and
assets, management believes it is prudent to reinvest in the business in markets with acceptable returns and/or opportunity for long-term growth and use excess cash flow to return cash to shareholders through dividends, share repurchases or a
combination of both. The Company has paid dividends on common stock for 36 consecutive years through 2011 and has increased the dividend amount at least once every year. As in the past, future dividend amounts will be considered after reviewing
profitability expectations and financing needs, and will be declared at the discretion of the Companys Board of Directors.
Issuer purchases of equity securities*
The
following table presents information related to repurchases of common stock the Company made during the quarter ended December 31, 2011:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Period |
|
Total Number of Shares Purchased |
|
|
Average Price Paid per Share |
|
|
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans
or Programs(1) |
|
|
Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet
Be Purchased Under the Plans or
Programs(1) |
|
October 1-31, 2011 |
|
|
1,569,393 |
|
|
|
87.96 |
|
|
|
1,569,393 |
|
|
$ |
3,719,828,000 |
|
November 1-30, 2011 |
|
|
1,269,073 |
|
|
|
93.00 |
|
|
|
1,269,073 |
|
|
|
3,601,803,000 |
|
December 1-31, 2011 |
|
|
897,530 |
|
|
|
98.40 |
|
|
|
897,530 |
|
|
|
3,513,486,000 |
|
Total |
|
|
3,735,996 |
|
|
|
92.18 |
|
|
|
3,735,996 |
|
|
$ |
3,513,486,000 |
|
* |
Subject to applicable law, the Company may repurchase shares directly in the open market, in privately negotiated transactions, or pursuant to derivative instruments and plans
complying with Rule 10b5-1, among other types of transactions and arrangements. |
(1) |
On September 24, 2009, the Companys Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program that authorizes the purchase of up to $10 billion of the Companys
outstanding common stock with no specified expiration date. |
8 McDonalds Corporation Annual Report 2011
ITEM 6. Selected Financial Data
6-Year Summary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dollars in millions, except per share data |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
Company-operated sales |
|
$ |
18,293 |
|
|
|
16,233 |
|
|
|
15,459 |
|
|
|
16,561 |
|
|
|
16,611 |
|
|
|
15,402 |
|
Franchised revenues |
|
$ |
8,713 |
|
|
|
7,842 |
|
|
|
7,286 |
|
|
|
6,961 |
|
|
|
6,176 |
|
|
|
5,493 |
|
Total revenues |
|
$ |
27,006 |
|
|
|
24,075 |
|
|
|
22,745 |
|
|
|
23,522 |
|
|
|
22,787 |
|
|
|
20,895 |
|
Operating income |
|
$ |
8,530 |
|
|
|
7,473 |
|
|
|
6,841 |
(1)
|
|
|
6,443 |
|
|
|
3,879 |
(4)
|
|
|
4,433 |
(7)
|
Income from continuing operations |
|
$ |
5,503 |
|
|
|
4,946 |
|
|
|
4,551 |
(1,2)
|
|
|
4,313 |
(3)
|
|
|
2,335 |
(4,5)
|
|
|
2,866 |
(7)
|
Net income |
|
$ |
5,503 |
|
|
|
4,946 |
|
|
|
4,551
|
(1,2)
|
|
|
4,313
|
(3) |
|
|
2,395
|
(4,5,6)
|
|
|
3,544
|
(7,8)
|
Cash provided by operations |
|
$ |
7,150 |
|
|
|
6,342 |
|
|
|
5,751 |
|
|
|
5,917 |
|
|
|
4,876 |
|
|
|
4,341 |
|
Cash used for investing activities |
|
$ |
2,571 |
|
|
|
2,056 |
|
|
|
1,655 |
|
|
|
1,625 |
|
|
|
1,150 |
|
|
|
1,274 |
|
Capital expenditures |
|
$ |
2,730 |
|
|
|
2,135 |
|
|
|
1,952 |
|
|
|
2,136 |
|
|
|
1,947 |
|
|
|
1,742 |
|
Cash used for financing activities |
|
$ |
4,533 |
|
|
|
3,729 |
|
|
|
4,421 |
|
|
|
4,115 |
|
|
|
3,996 |
|
|
|
5,460 |
|
Treasury stock repurchased(9) |
|
$ |
3,373 |
|
|
|
2,648 |
|
|
|
2,854 |
|
|
|
3,981 |
|
|
|
3,949 |
|
|
|
3,719 |
|
Common stock cash dividends |
|
$ |
2,610 |
|
|
|
2,408 |
|
|
|
2,235 |
|
|
|
1,823 |
|
|
|
1,766 |
|
|
|
1,217 |
|
Financial position at year end: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets |
|
$ |
32,990 |
|
|
|
31,975 |
|
|
|
30,225 |
|
|
|
28,462 |
|
|
|
29,392 |
|
|
|
28,974 |
|
Total debt |
|
$ |
12,500 |
|
|
|
11,505 |
|
|
|
10,578 |
|
|
|
10,218 |
|
|
|
9,301 |
|
|
|
8,408 |
|
Total shareholders equity |
|
$ |
14,390 |
|
|
|
14,634 |
|
|
|
14,034 |
|
|
|
13,383 |
|
|
|
15,280 |
|
|
|
15,458 |
|
Shares outstanding in millions |
|
|
1,021 |
|
|
|
1,054 |
|
|
|
1,077 |
|
|
|
1,115 |
|
|
|
1,165 |
|
|
|
1,204 |
|
Per common share: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income from continuing operations-diluted |
|
$ |
5.27 |
|
|
|
4.58 |
|
|
|
4.11 |
(1,2)
|
|
|
3.76 |
(3)
|
|
|
1.93 |
(4,5)
|
|
|
2.29 |
(7)
|
Earnings-diluted |
|
$ |
5.27 |
|
|
|
4.58 |
|
|
|
4.11 |
(1,2)
|
|
|
3.76 |
(3)
|
|
|
1.98 |
(4,5,6) |
|
|
2.83 |
(7,8)
|
Dividends declared |
|
$ |
2.53 |
|
|
|
2.26 |
|
|
|
2.05 |
|
|
|
1.63 |
|
|
|
1.50 |
|
|
|
1.00 |
|
Market price at year end |
|
$ |
100.33 |
|
|
|
76.76 |
|
|
|
62.44 |
|
|
|
62.19 |
|
|
|
58.91 |
|
|
|
44.33 |
|
Company-operated restaurants |
|
|
6,435 |
|
|
|
6,399 |
|
|
|
6,262 |
|
|
|
6,502 |
|
|
|
6,906 |
|
|
|
8,166 |
|
Franchised restaurants |
|
|
27,075 |
|
|
|
26,338 |
|
|
|
26,216 |
|
|
|
25,465 |
|
|
|
24,471 |
|
|
|
22,880 |
|
Total Systemwide restaurants |
|
|
33,510 |
|
|
|
32,737 |
|
|
|
32,478 |
|
|
|
31,967 |
|
|
|
31,377 |
|
|
|
31,046 |
|
Franchised sales(10) |
|
$ |
67,648 |
|
|
|
61,147 |
|
|
|
56,928 |
|
|
|
54,132 |
|
|
|
46,943 |
|
|
|
41,380 |
|
(1) |
Includes pretax income due to Impairment and other charges (credits), net of $61.1 million ($91.4 million after tax or $0.08 per share) primarily related to the resolution of
certain liabilities retained in connection with the 2007 Latin America developmental license transaction. |
(2) |
Includes income of $58.8 million ($0.05 per share) in Gain on sale of investment related to the sale of the Companys minority ownership interest in Redbox Automated
Retail, LLC. |
(3) |
Includes income of $109.0 million ($0.09 per share) in Gain on sale of investment from the sale of the Companys minority ownership interest in U.K.- based Pret A Manger.
|
(4) |
Includes pretax operating charges of $1.7 billion ($1.32 per share) due to Impairment and other charges (credits), net primarily as a result of the Companys sale of its
businesses in 18 Latin American and Caribbean markets to a developmental licensee. |
(5) |
Includes a tax benefit of $316.4 million ($0.26 per share) resulting from the completion of an Internal Revenue Service (IRS) examination of the Companys 2003-2004 U.S.
federal tax returns. |
(6) |
Includes income of $60.1 million ($0.05 per share) related to discontinued operations primarily from the sale of the Companys investment in Boston Market.
|
(7) |
Includes pretax operating charges of $134 million ($98 million after tax or $0.08 per share) due to Impairment and other charges (credits), net. |
(8) |
Includes income of $678 million ($0.54 per share) related to discontinued operations primarily resulting from the disposal of the Company's investment in Chipotle.
|
(9) |
Represents treasury stock purchases as reflected in Shareholders' equity. |
(10) |
While franchised sales are not recorded as revenues by the Company, management believes they are important in understanding the Company's financial performance because these
sales are the basis on which the Company calculates and records franchised revenues and are indicative of the financial health of the franchisee base. |
McDonalds Corporation Annual Report
2011 9
ITEM 7. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations
Overview
DESCRIPTION OF THE BUSINESS
The Company franchises and operates McDonalds restaurants. Of the 33,510 restaurants in 119 countries at year-end 2011, 27,075 were franchised or licensed (including 19,527 franchised to conventional
franchisees, 3,929 licensed to developmental licensees and 3,619 licensed to foreign affiliates (affiliates)primarily Japan) and 6,435 were operated by the Company. Under our conventional franchise arrangement, franchisees provide a portion of
the capital required by initially investing in the equipment, signs, seating and décor of their restaurant business, and by reinvesting in the business over time. The Company owns the land and building or secures long-term leases for both
Company-operated and conventional franchised restaurant sites. This maintains long-term occupancy rights, helps control related costs and assists in alignment with franchisees. In certain circumstances, the Company participates in reinvestment for
conventional franchised restaurants. Under our developmental license arrangement, licensees provide capital for the entire business, including the real estate interest, and the Company has no capital invested. In addition, the Company has an equity
investment in a limited number of affiliates that invest in real estate and operate and/or franchise restaurants within a market.
We
view ourselves primarily as a franchisor and believe franchising is important to delivering great, locally-relevant customer experiences and driving profitability. However, directly operating restaurants is paramount to being a credible
franchisor and is essential to providing Company personnel with restaurant operations experience. In our Company-operated restaurants, and in collaboration with franchisees, we further develop and refine operating standards, marketing concepts
and product and pricing strategies, so that only those that we believe are most beneficial are introduced in the restaurants. We continually review, and as appropriate adjust, our mix of Company-operated and franchised (conventional franchised,
developmental licensed and foreign affiliated) restaurants to help optimize overall performance.
The Companys revenues consist of
sales by Company-operated restaurants and fees from restaurants operated by franchisees. Revenues from conventional franchised restaurants include rent and royalties based on a percent of sales along with minimum rent payments, and initial fees.
Revenues from restaurants licensed to affiliates and developmental licensees include a royalty based on a percent of sales, and generally include initial fees. Fees vary by type of site, amount of Company investment, if any, and local business
conditions. These fees, along with occupancy and operating rights, are stipulated in franchise/license agreements that generally have 20-year terms.
The business is managed as distinct geographic segments. Significant reportable segments include the United States (U.S.), Europe, and Asia/Pacific, Middle East and Africa (APMEA). In addition, throughout this
report we present Other Countries & Corporate that includes operations in Canada and Latin America, as well as Corporate activities. The U.S., Europe and APMEA segments account for 32%, 40% and 22% of total revenues,
respectively. The United Kingdom (U.K.), France and Germany,
collectively, account for over 50% of Europes revenues; and China, Australia and Japan (a 50%-owned affiliate accounted for under the equity method), collectively, account for over 55% of
APMEAs revenues. These six markets along with the U.S. and Canada are referred to as major markets throughout this report and comprise approximately 70% of total revenues.
In analyzing business trends, management considers a variety of performance and financial measures, including comparable sales and comparable guest
count growth, Systemwide sales growth and returns.
|
|
Constant currency results exclude the effects of foreign currency translation and are calculated by translating current year results at prior year average
exchange rates. Management reviews and analyzes business results in constant currencies and bases certain incentive compensation plans on these results because we believe this better represents the Companys underlying business trends.
|
|
|
Comparable sales and comparable guest counts are key performance indicators used within the retail industry and are indicative of acceptance of the
Companys initiatives as well as local economic and consumer trends. Increases or decreases in comparable sales and comparable guest counts represent the percent change in sales and transactions, respectively, from the same period in the prior
year for all restaurants, whether operated by the Company or franchisees, in operation at least thirteen months, including those temporarily closed. Some of the reasons restaurants may be temporarily closed include reimaging or remodeling,
rebuilding, road construction and natural disasters. Comparable sales exclude the impact of currency translation. Growth in comparable sales is driven by guest counts and average check, which is affected by changes in pricing and product mix.
Generally, the goal is to achieve a balanced contribution from both guest counts and average check. |
McDonalds
reports on a calendar basis and therefore the comparability of the same month, quarter and year with the corresponding period of the prior year will be impacted by the mix of days. The number of weekdays and weekend days in a given timeframe can
have a positive or negative impact on comparable sales and guest counts. The Company refers to these impacts as calendar shift/trading day adjustments. In addition, the timing of holidays can impact comparable sales and guest counts. These impacts
vary geographically due to consumer spending patterns and have the greatest effect on monthly comparable sales and guest counts while the annual impacts are typically minimal.
|
|
Systemwide sales include sales at all restaurants. While franchised sales are not recorded as revenues by the Company, management believes the information is
important in understanding the Companys financial performance because these sales are the basis on which the Company calculates and records franchised revenues and are indicative of the financial health of the franchisee base.
|
|
|
Return on incremental invested capital (ROIIC) is a measure reviewed by management over one-year and three-year time periods to evaluate the overall
profitability of the business units, the effectiveness of capital deployed and the future allocation of capital. The return is calculated by dividing the change in operating income plus depreciation and amortization (numerator) by the adjusted cash
used for investing activities |
10 McDonalds Corporation Annual Report 2011
|
|
(denominator), primarily capital expenditures. The calculation uses a constant average foreign exchange rate over the periods included in the calculation. |
STRATEGIC DIRECTION AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE
The strength
of the alignment between the Company, its franchisees and suppliers (collectively referred to as the System) has been key to McDonalds success. This business model enables McDonalds to consistently deliver locally-relevant restaurant
experiences to customers and be an integral part of the communities we serve. In addition, it facilitates our ability to identify, implement and scale innovative ideas that meet customers changing needs and preferences.
McDonalds customer-focused Plan to Winwhich concentrates on being better, not just biggerprovides a common framework for our
global business while allowing for local adaptation. Through the execution of multiple initiatives surrounding the five elements of our Plan to WinPeople, Products, Place, Price and Promotionwe have enhanced the restaurant experience for
customers worldwide and grown comparable sales and customer visits in each of the last eight years. This Plan, combined with financial discipline, has delivered strong results for our shareholders.
We have exceeded our long-term, constant currency financial targets of average annual Systemwide sales growth of 3% to 5%; average annual operating
income growth of 6% to 7%; and annual returns on incremental invested capital in the high teens every year since the Plans implementation in 2003, after adjusting for the loss in 2007 from the Latin America developmental license transaction.
Given the size and scope of our global business, we believe these financial targets are realistic and sustainable over time, keeping us focused on making the best decisions for the long-term benefit of our System.
In 2011, we remained focused on customers needs and accelerated efforts within the Plan to Win where the greatest opportunity exists. The
Companys key global priorities of optimizing our menu, modernizing the customer experience, and broadening accessibility to our Brand represent areas where we are intensifying our efforts to drive the business further. Initiatives supporting
these priorities resonated with consumers, driving increases in sales and customer visits despite challenging economies and a contracting Informal Eating Out (IEO) segment in many markets. As a result, every area of the world contributed to 2011
global comparable sales and guest counts increasing 5.6% and 3.7%, respectively.
Specific menu pricing actions across our system reflect
local market conditions as well as other factors, notably the food away from home and food at home inflation indices. In our Company-operated restaurants, we manage menu board prices to ensure value at all price points, increase profitability and
mitigate inflation, all while trying to maintain guest count momentum. In order to accomplish these objectives, we utilize a strategic pricing tool that balances price, product mix and promotion. Franchisees also have access to, and many utilize,
this strategic pricing tool. In general, we believe franchisees employ a similar pricing strategy. In 2011, we increased average price at Company-operated restaurants in each area of the world, although increases varied by market and region. We look
to optimize product mix by utilizing a menu with entry-point value, core, premium and fourth-tier offerings. We also introduce new products that meet customer needs, which can expand average check and increase guest counts.
In the U.S., we grew sales, guest counts and market share with comparable sales up for the ninth
consecutive year, rising 4.8% in 2011, while comparable guest counts rose 3.3%. These results were achieved despite a slight decline in the IEO segment. We remained focused on maximizing our core business while providing customers with affordable
products and value throughout our menu including options available on the Dollar Menu at breakfast and the rest of the day. We highlighted core menu items like Chicken McNuggets that featured new sauces, breakfast products including our new
Fruit & Maple Oatmeal, additions to the McCafé beverage line and limited-time offerings such as the McRib sandwich. The national launch of the McCafé Frozen Strawberry Lemonade and Mango Pineapple real-fruit smoothie provided
meaningful extensions to the McCafé beverage line. Convenient locations also continued to provide a competitive advantage with extended hours and efficient drive-thru service. Modernizing the customer experience remained a focus with the
expansion of our major remodeling program to enhance the appearance and functionality of our restaurants and make our restaurants more relevant to our customers daily lives. Over 900 existing restaurants were remodeled during 2011 with the
majority adding drive-thru capacity to capture additional guest counts. We also completed our two-year, Systemwide roll-out of a new point-of-sale system. This allows us to continue expanding our menu offerings while making it easier for our crew to
fulfill every order accurately.
In Europe, comparable sales rose 5.9%, marking the eighth consecutive year of comparable sales
increases, and comparable guest counts rose 3.4%. Major contributors were the U.K., France, Russia and Germany. Initiatives that helped drive our business included leveraging our tiered menu featuring everyday affordable prices, menu variety
including new and limited-time offerings, and reimaging over 900 restaurants. We continue to expand our coffee business and have over 1,500 McCafé locations, which in Europe are generally separate areas inside the restaurants that serve
specialty coffees, indulgent desserts and snacks. We completed the rollout of the new drive-thru customer order display system in over 4,500 restaurants. In addition, we increased our accessibility and convenience with extended operating hours. We
offered new premium menu items such as the 1955 burger and expanded McWraps across several European markets. In many markets, we have continued to offer a fourth-tier platformsuch as Little Tasters in the U.K.a range of tasty and
appealing items in smaller portion sizes. Finally, we continued building customer trust in our brand through communications that emphasized the quality and origin of McDonalds food and our commitment to sustainable business practices.
In APMEA, our momentum continued with nearly every country delivering positive comparable sales, led by China and Australia. Comparable
sales rose 4.7% and comparable guest counts rose 4.3% with performance driven by strategies emphasizing value, breakfast, convenience, core menu extensions, desserts and promotional food events. Australia launched a Value Lunch program that features
meals at discounted price points for certain hours while China and Japan concentrated on affordability by continuing their Value Lunch platforms. New menu items such as real-fruit smoothies and frappés in Australia and the extension of the
Value Breakfast program in China were popular with customers. Japan executed another successful U.S. themed burger promotion and celebrated its 40th anniversary by offering popular core menu items at reduced prices. Desserts
McDonalds Corporation Annual Report
2011 11
continue to play a meaningful role as we seek to deliver on customers menu expectations through products such as the McFlurry and unique delivery storefronts like the dessert kiosks in
China, where we are now one of the largest ice cream retailers. Our breakfast business continues to evolve and is now offered in approximately 75% of APMEA restaurants. In Japan, rotational breakfast items, including the Chicken Muffin and Tuna
Muffin, were offered during several months, while Australia launched new breakfast menu items such as bagel sandwiches. Nearly two-thirds of APMEA restaurants are now offering some form of extended operating hours and over 4,600 restaurants are open
24 hours. Delivery is offered in many APMEA markets and is now available in over 1,500 restaurants, including nearly 500 in China. McDonalds Japan was negatively impacted by the natural disaster last March and as a result, continued to face
some challenges throughout 2011. However, we remain confident that the market will continue to drive long-term profitable growth.
Our
approach to offering affordable value to our customers is complemented by a focus on driving operating efficiencies and effectively managing restaurant-level food and paper costs by leveraging our scale, supply chain infrastructure and risk
management practices. Our ability to execute our strategies in every area of the world, grow comparable sales and control selling, general & administrative expenses resulted in combined operating margin (operating income as a percent of
total revenues) of 31.6% in 2011, an improvement of 0.6 percentage points over 2010.
In 2011, strong global sales and margin performance
grew cash from operations, which rose $808 million to $7.2 billion. Our substantial cash flow, strong credit rating and continued access to credit provide us flexibility to fund capital expenditures and debt repayments as well as return cash to
shareholders. Capital expenditures of approximately $2.7 billion were invested in our business primarily to open new restaurants and reimage existing restaurants. Across the System, 1,150 restaurants were opened and over 2,500 existing locations
were reimaged. In addition, we returned $6.0 billion to shareholders consisting of $3.4 billion in share repurchases and $2.6 billion in dividends.
Cash from operations continues to benefit from our heavily franchised business model as the rent and royalty income received from owner/operators is a very stable revenue stream that has relatively low costs. In
addition, the franchise business model is less capital intensive than the Company-owned model. We believe locally-owned and operated restaurants maximize brand performance and are at the core of our competitive advantages, making McDonalds not
just a global brand but also a locally-relevant one.
HIGHLIGHTS FROM THE YEAR INCLUDED:
|
|
Comparable sales grew 5.6% and guest counts rose 3.7%, building on 2010 increases of 5.0% and 4.9%, respectively. |
|
|
Revenues increased 12% (8% in constant currencies). |
|
|
Operating income increased 14% (10% in constant currencies). |
|
|
Combined operating margin increased 0.6 percentage points to 31.6%. |
|
|
Diluted earnings per share was $5.27, an increase of 15% (11% in constant currencies). |
|
|
Cash provided by operations increased $808 million to $7.2 billion.
|
|
|
One-year ROIIC was 37.6% and three-year ROIIC was 37.8% for the period ended December 31, 2011 (see reconciliation on page 25).
|
|
|
The Company increased the quarterly cash dividend per share 15% to $0.70 for the fourth quarterbringing our current annual dividend to $2.80 per share.
|
|
|
The Company returned $6.0 billion to shareholders through share repurchases and dividends paid. |
OUTLOOK FOR 2012
We will continue to drive success in 2012
and beyond by enhancing the customer experience across all elements of our Plan to Win. Our global System continues to be energized by our ongoing momentum and significant growth opportunities.
We hold a strong competitive position in the market place, and we intend to further differentiate our brand by striving to become our
customers favorite place and way to eat and drink. Growing market share will continue to be a focus as we execute our three global priorities: optimizing our menu, modernizing the customer experience and broadening our accessibility. The menu
efforts will include expanding destination beverages and desserts and enhancing our food image. The customer experience efforts will include accelerating our interior and exterior reimaging efforts and providing our restaurant teams with the
appropriate tools, training, technology and staffing. The accessibility efforts will include increasing the level and variety of conveniences provided to our customers through greater proximity, extended operating hours and stronger value platforms.
We will execute these priorities to increase McDonalds brand relevance with operational and financial discipline. Consequently, we are confident we can again meet or exceed our long-term constant currency financial targets.
In the U.S., our 2012 initiatives focus on balancing core menu classics with new products and promotional food events such as Chicken McBites, made
with bite-sized pieces of premium chicken breast, Blueberry Banana Nut Oatmeal, and additional McCafé beverage offerings such as the Cherry Berry Chiller. We will continue offering value across the menu at breakfast and the rest of the day.
Opportunities around additional staffing at peak hours during the breakfast and lunch day parts and increasing restaurants that operate 24 hours per day will allow us to broaden accessibility to our customers. In addition, our plans to elevate the
brand experience include leveraging our new point-of-sale system with other technology enhancements such as using hand-held order takers and advancements to improve our front counter service system. We also will expand our major remodel program to
another 800 locations in 2012.
Our business plans in Europe are focused on building market share with the right mix of guest counts,
average check, strategic restaurant reimaging and expansion. We will increase our local relevance by complementing our tiered menu with a variety of promotional food events as well as new snack and dessert options. In 2012, we will reimage
approximately 900 restaurants as we progress towards our goal of having 90% of our interiors and over 65% of our exteriors reimaged by the end of the year. We will leverage service innovations by continuing the deployment of technologies such as
updating the point-of-sale system, self-order kiosks and hand-held order devices to enhance the customer experience and help drive increased transactions and
12 McDonalds Corporation Annual Report 2011
labor efficiency. We will also continue working to reduce our impact on the environment with energy management tools that enable us to use green energy in markets where available. In addition,
the U.K. will be the proud host of our Olympic sponsorship, marking the ninth consecutive time that McDonalds will serve as the Official Restaurant of the Olympic Games. In 2012, our European business will continue to face headwinds due to
economic uncertainty and additional government-initiated austerity measures implemented in many countries. While we will closely monitor consumer reactions to these measures, we remain confident that our business model will continue to drive
profitable growth.
In APMEA, we will continue our efforts to become our customers first choice for eating out by continuing to
provide robust value platforms and focusing on menu variety, restaurant experience and convenience. Value will continue to be a key growth driver as we reinforce the affordability of our menu to consumers across all dayparts, by building on our
successful Value Lunch platforms and expanding our breakfast offerings. The markets will continue to execute against a combination of core menu items, promotional food events, desserts and limited-time offerings to provide a balanced mix of products
to our customers. We will grow our business by opening approximately 750 new restaurants and reimaging about 475 existing restaurants while elevating our focus on service and operations to drive efficiencies. In China, we will continue to build a
foundation for long-term growth by opening 225 to 250 restaurants in 2012 toward our goal of reaching 2,000 restaurants by the end of 2013. Convenience initiatives will focus on expanding delivery service across the region and building on the
success of our extended operating hours.
We continue to maintain strong financial discipline by effectively managing spending in order
to maximize financial performance. In making capital allocation decisions, our goal is to make investments that elevate the McDonalds experience and drive sustainable growth in sales and market share while earning strong returns. We remain
committed to returning all of our free cash flow (cash from operations less capital expenditures) to shareholders over the long-term via dividends and share repurchases.
McDonalds does not provide specific guidance on diluted earnings per share. The following information is provided to assist in analyzing the Companys results:
|
|
Changes in Systemwide sales are driven by comparable sales and net restaurant unit expansion. The Company expects net restaurant additions to add approximately 2
percentage points to 2012 Systemwide sales growth (in constant currencies), most of which will be due to about 870 net traditional restaurants added in 2011. |
|
|
The Company does not generally provide specific guidance on changes in comparable sales. However, as a perspective, assuming no change in cost structure, a 1
percentage point increase in comparable sales for either the U.S. or Europe would increase annual diluted earnings per share by about 3-4 cents. |
|
|
With about 75% of McDonalds grocery bill comprised of 10 different commodities, a basket of goods approach is the most comprehensive way to look at the
Companys commodity costs. For the full year 2012, the total basket of goods cost is expected to increase 4.5-5.5% in the U.S. and 2.5-3.5% in Europe, with more pressure expected in the first half. |
|
|
The Company expects full-year 2012 selling, general & administrative expenses to increase about 6% in constant currencies, driven by certain technology
investments, primarily to accelerate future restaurant capabilities, and costs related to the 2012 Worldwide Owner/Operator Convention and Olympics. The Company expects the magnitude of the increase to be confined to 2012. Fluctuations will be
experienced between quarters due to the timing of certain items such as the Worldwide Owner/Operator Convention and the Olympics. |
|
|
Based on current interest and foreign currency exchange rates, the Company expects interest expense for the full year 2012 to increase approximately 6-8%
compared with 2011. |
|
|
A significant part of the Companys operating income is generated outside the U.S., and about 40% of its total debt is denominated in foreign currencies.
Accordingly, earnings are affected by changes in foreign currency exchange rates, particularly the Euro, British Pound, Australian Dollar and Canadian Dollar. Collectively, these currencies represent approximately 65% of the Companys operating
income outside the U.S. If all four of these currencies moved by 10% in the same direction, the Companys annual diluted earnings per share would change by about 24 cents. |
|
|
The Company expects the effective income tax rate for the full-year 2012 to be 31% to 33%. Some volatility may be experienced between the quarters resulting in a
quarterly tax rate that is outside the annual range. |
|
|
The Company expects capital expenditures for 2012 to be approximately $2.9 billion. About half of this amount will be used to open new restaurants. The Company
expects to open more than 1,300 restaurants including about 450 restaurants in affiliated and developmental licensee markets, such as Japan and Latin America, where the Company does not fund any capital expenditures. The Company expects net
additions of about 900 restaurants. The remaining capital will be used for reinvestment in existing restaurants. Nearly half of this reinvestment will be used to reimage more than 2,400 locations worldwide, some of which will require no capital
investment from the Company. |
McDonalds Corporation Annual Report
2011 13
Consolidated Operating Results
Operating results
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
|
|
2009 |
|
Dollars in millions, except per share data |
|
Amount |
|
|
Increase/ (decrease) |
|
|
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Increase/ (decrease) |
|
|
|
|
Amount |
|
Revenues |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sales by Company-operated restaurants |
|
$ |
18,293 |
|
|
|
13 |
% |
|
|
|
$ |
16,233 |
|
|
|
5 |
% |
|
|
|
$ |
15,459 |
|
Revenues from franchised restaurants |
|
|
8,713 |
|
|
|
11 |
|
|
|
|
|
7,842 |
|
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
|
|
7,286 |
|
Total revenues |
|
|
27,006 |
|
|
|
12 |
|
|
|
|
|
24,075 |
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
22,745 |
|
Operating costs and expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Company-operated restaurant expenses |
|
|
14,838 |
|
|
|
14 |
|
|
|
|
|
13,060 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
12,651 |
|
Franchised restaurants-occupancy expenses |
|
|
1,481 |
|
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
|
|
1,378 |
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
1,302 |
|
Selling, general & administrative expenses |
|
|
2,394 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
2,333 |
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
2,234 |
|
Impairment and other charges (credits), net |
|
|
(4 |
) |
|
|
nm |
|
|
|
|
|
29 |
|
|
|
nm |
|
|
|
|
|
(61 |
) |
Other operating (income) expense, net |
|
|
(233 |
) |
|
|
(18 |
) |
|
|
|
|
(198 |
) |
|
|
11 |
|
|
|
|
|
(222 |
) |
Total operating costs and expenses |
|
|
18,476 |
|
|
|
11 |
|
|
|
|
|
16,602 |
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
15,904 |
|
Operating income |
|
|
8,530 |
|
|
|
14 |
|
|
|
|
|
7,473 |
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,841 |
|
Interest expense |
|
|
493 |
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
|
|
451 |
|
|
|
(5 |
) |
|
|
|
|
473 |
|
Nonoperating (income) expense, net |
|
|
25 |
|
|
|
13 |
|
|
|
|
|
22 |
|
|
|
nm |
|
|
|
|
|
(24 |
) |
Gain on sale of investment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
nm |
|
|
|
|
|
(95 |
) |
Income before provision for income taxes |
|
|
8,012 |
|
|
|
14 |
|
|
|
|
|
7,000 |
|
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,487 |
|
Provision for income taxes |
|
|
2,509 |
|
|
|
22 |
|
|
|
|
|
2,054 |
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
1,936 |
|
Net income |
|
$ |
5,503 |
|
|
|
11 |
% |
|
|
|
$ |
4,946 |
|
|
|
9 |
% |
|
|
|
$ |
4,551 |
|
Earnings per common sharediluted |
|
$ |
5.27 |
|
|
|
15 |
% |
|
|
|
$ |
4.58 |
|
|
|
11 |
% |
|
|
|
$ |
4.11 |
|
Weighted-average common shares outstandingdiluted |
|
|
1,044.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,080.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,107.4 |
|
nm Not meaningful.
IMPACT OF FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION ON REPORTED RESULTS
While changes in foreign currency exchange rates affect reported results, McDonalds mitigates exposures, where practical, by financing in local currencies,
hedging certain foreign-denominated cash flows, and purchasing goods and services in local currencies.
In 2011, foreign currency
translation had a positive impact on consolidated operating results driven by the stronger Euro and Australian Dollar as well as most other currencies. In 2010, foreign currency translation had a positive impact on consolidated operating results
driven by stronger global currencies, primarily the Australian Dollar and Canadian Dollar, partly offset by the weaker Euro. In 2009, foreign currency translation had a negative impact on consolidated operating results, primarily caused by the
weaker Euro, British Pound, Russian Ruble, Australian Dollar and Canadian Dollar.
Impact of foreign currency translation on reported results
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reported amount |
|
|
|
|
Currency translation
benefit/(cost) |
|
In millions, except per share data |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2009 |
|
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2009 |
|
Revenues |
|
$ |
27,006 |
|
|
$ |
24,075 |
|
|
$ |
22,745 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
944 |
|
|
$ |
188 |
|
|
$ |
(1,340 |
) |
Company-operated margins |
|
|
3,455 |
|
|
|
3,173 |
|
|
|
2,807 |
|
|
|
|
|
134 |
|
|
|
35 |
|
|
|
(178 |
) |
Franchised margins |
|
|
7,232 |
|
|
|
6,464 |
|
|
|
5,985 |
|
|
|
|
|
213 |
|
|
|
(14 |
) |
|
|
(176 |
) |
Selling, general & administrative expenses |
|
|
2,394 |
|
|
|
2,333 |
|
|
|
2,234 |
|
|
|
|
|
(55 |
) |
|
|
(12 |
) |
|
|
75 |
|
Operating income |
|
|
8,530 |
|
|
|
7,473 |
|
|
|
6,841 |
|
|
|
|
|
301 |
|
|
|
13 |
|
|
|
(273 |
) |
Net income |
|
|
5,503 |
|
|
|
4,946 |
|
|
|
4,551 |
|
|
|
|
|
195 |
|
|
|
13 |
|
|
|
(164 |
) |
Earnings per common sharediluted |
|
|
5.27 |
|
|
|
4.58 |
|
|
|
4.11 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.19 |
|
|
|
0.01 |
|
|
|
(0.15 |
) |
14 McDonalds Corporation Annual Report 2011
NET INCOME AND DILUTED EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE
In 2011, net income and diluted earnings per common share were $5.5 billion and $5.27. Foreign currency translation had a positive impact of $0.19 on diluted earnings per share.
In 2010, net income and diluted earnings per common share were $4.9 billion and $4.58. Results included after tax charges due to Impairment and
other charges (credits), net of $25 million or $0.02 per share, primarily related to the Companys share of restaurant closing costs in McDonalds Japan (a 50%-owned affiliate) in conjunction with the strategic review of the markets
restaurant portfolio, partly offset by income related to the resolution of certain liabilities retained in connection with the 2007 Latin America developmental license transaction. Foreign currency translation had a positive impact of $0.01 per
share on diluted earnings per share.
In 2009, net income and diluted earnings per common share were $4.6 billion and $4.11. Results
benefited by after tax income due to Impairment and other charges (credits), net of $91 million or $0.08 per share, primarily due to the resolution of certain liabilities retained in connection with the 2007 Latin America developmental license
transaction. Results also benefited by an after tax gain of $59 million or $0.05 per share due to the sale of the Companys minority ownership interest in Redbox, reflected in Gain on sale of investment. Results were negatively impacted by
$0.15 per share due to the effect of foreign currency translation.
The Company repurchased 41.9 million shares of its stock for
$3.4 billion in 2011 and 37.8 million shares of its stock for nearly $2.7 billion in 2010, driving reductions of over 3% and 2% of total shares outstanding, respectively, net of stock option exercises.
REVENUES
The Companys revenues consist of sales by
Company-operated restaurants and fees from restaurants operated by franchisees. Revenues from conventional franchised restaurants include rent and royalties based on a percent of sales along with minimum rent payments, and initial fees. Revenues
from franchised restaurants that are licensed to foreign affiliates and developmental licensees include a royalty based on a percent of sales, and generally include initial fees.
In 2011 and 2010, constant currency revenue growth was driven primarily by positive comparable sales as well as expansion.
Revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amount |
|
|
|
|
Increase/(decrease) |
|
|
|
|
Increase/(decrease) excluding currency translation |
|
Dollars in millions |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2009 |
|
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
Company-operated sales: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. |
|
$ |
4,433 |
|
|
$ |
4,229 |
|
|
$ |
4,295 |
|
|
|
|
|
5 |
% |
|
|
(2 |
)% |
|
|
|
|
5 |
% |
|
|
(2 |
)% |
Europe |
|
|
7,852 |
|
|
|
6,932 |
|
|
|
6,721 |
|
|
|
|
|
13 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
5 |
|
APMEA |
|
|
5,061 |
|
|
|
4,297 |
|
|
|
3,714 |
|
|
|
|
|
18 |
|
|
|
16 |
|
|
|
|
|
11 |
|
|
|
9 |
|
Other Countries & Corporate |
|
|
947 |
|
|
|
775 |
|
|
|
729 |
|
|
|
|
|
22 |
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
17 |
|
|
|
(3 |
) |
Total |
|
$ |
18,293 |
|
|
$ |
16,233 |
|
|
$ |
15,459 |
|
|
|
|
|
13 |
% |
|
|
5 |
% |
|
|
|
|
8 |
% |
|
|
4 |
% |
Franchised revenues: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. |
|
$ |
4,096 |
|
|
$ |
3,883 |
|
|
$ |
3,649 |
|
|
|
|
|
5 |
% |
|
|
6 |
% |
|
|
|
|
5 |
% |
|
|
6 |
% |
Europe |
|
|
3,034 |
|
|
|
2,637 |
|
|
|
2,553 |
|
|
|
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
8 |
|
APMEA |
|
|
958 |
|
|
|
769 |
|
|
|
623 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 |
|
|
|
23 |
|
|
|
|
|
14 |
|
|
|
11 |
|
Other Countries & Corporate |
|
|
625 |
|
|
|
553 |
|
|
|
461 |
|
|
|
|
|
13 |
|
|
|
20 |
|
|
|
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
16 |
|
Total |
|
$ |
8,713 |
|
|
$ |
7,842 |
|
|
$ |
7,286 |
|
|
|
|
|
11 |
% |
|
|
8 |
% |
|
|
|
|
8 |
% |
|
|
8 |
% |
Total revenues: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. |
|
$ |
8,529 |
|
|
$ |
8,112 |
|
|
$ |
7,944 |
|
|
|
|
|
5 |
% |
|
|
2 |
% |
|
|
|
|
5 |
% |
|
|
2 |
% |
Europe |
|
|
10,886 |
|
|
|
9,569 |
|
|
|
9,274 |
|
|
|
|
|
14 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
6 |
|
APMEA |
|
|
6,019 |
|
|
|
5,066 |
|
|
|
4,337 |
|
|
|
|
|
19 |
|
|
|
17 |
|
|
|
|
|
11 |
|
|
|
9 |
|
Other Countries & Corporate |
|
|
1,572 |
|
|
|
1,328 |
|
|
|
1,190 |
|
|
|
|
|
18 |
|
|
|
12 |
|
|
|
|
|
14 |
|
|
|
4 |
|
Total |
|
$ |
27,006 |
|
|
$ |
24,075 |
|
|
$ |
22,745 |
|
|
|
|
|
12 |
% |
|
|
6 |
% |
|
|
|
|
8 |
% |
|
|
5 |
% |
In the U.S., revenues in 2011 and 2010 were positively impacted by the ongoing appeal of our iconic
core products and the success of new products, as well as continued focus on everyday value, convenience and modernizing the customer experience. New products introduced in 2011 included Fruit & Maple Oatmeal and additions to the
McCafé beverage line, while new products introduced in 2010 included McCafé frappés and smoothies as well as the Angus Snack Wraps. Refranchising activity negatively impacted revenue growth in 2010.
Europes constant currency increase in revenues in 2011 was primarily driven by comparable sales increases in Russia (which is
entirely Company-operated), the U.K., France and Germany, as well as expansion in Russia. The 2010 increase was primarily driven by comparable sales increases in the U.K., France and Russia, as
well as expansion in Russia, partly offset by the impact of refranchising activity primarily in the U.K.
In APMEA, the constant
currency increase in revenues in 2011 was primarily driven by comparable sales increases in China and most other markets. The 2010 increase was primarily driven by comparable sales increases in China, Australia and most other markets. In addition,
expansion in China contributed to the increases in both years.
McDonalds Corporation Annual Report
2011 15
The following tables present comparable sales, comparable guest counts and Systemwide sales increases:
Comparable sales and guest count increases
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
|
Sales |
|
|
Guest Counts |
|
|
|
|
Sales |
|
|
Guest Counts |
|
|
|
|
Sales |
|
|
Guest Counts |
|
U.S. |
|
|
4.8 |
% |
|
|
3.3 |
% |
|
|
|
|
3.8 |
% |
|
|
5.3 |
% |
|
|
|
|
2.6 |
% |
|
|
0.5 |
% |
Europe |
|
|
5.9 |
|
|
|
3.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
4.4 |
|
|
|
2.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
5.2 |
|
|
|
2.8 |
|
APMEA |
|
|
4.7 |
|
|
|
4.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
6.0 |
|
|
|
4.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
3.4 |
|
|
|
1.4 |
|
Other Countries & Corporate |
|
|
10.1 |
|
|
|
4.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
11.3 |
|
|
|
8.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
5.5 |
|
|
|
2.4 |
|
Total |
|
|
5.6 |
% |
|
|
3.7 |
% |
|
|
|
|
5.0 |
% |
|
|
4.9 |
% |
|
|
|
|
3.8 |
% |
|
|
1.4 |
% |
Systemwide sales increases
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Excluding currency
translation |
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
U.S. |
|
|
5 |
% |
|
|
4 |
% |
|
|
|
|
5 |
% |
|
|
4 |
% |
Europe |
|
|
14 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
7 |
|
APMEA |
|
|
16 |
|
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
|
|
7 |
|
|
|
7 |
|
Other Countries & Corporate |
|
|
17 |
|
|
|
13 |
|
|
|
|
|
12 |
|
|
|
13 |
|
Total |
|
|
11 |
% |
|
|
7 |
% |
|
|
|
|
7 |
% |
|
|
6 |
% |
Franchised sales are not recorded as revenues by the Company, but are the basis on which the Company calculates and
records franchised revenues and are indicative of the health of the franchisee base. The following table presents Franchised sales and the related increases:
Franchised Sales
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amount |
|
|
|
|
Increase |
|
|
|
|
Increase excluding currency translation |
|
Dollars in millions |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2009 |
|
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
U.S. |
|
$ |
29,739 |
|
|
$ |
28,166 |
|
|
$ |
26,737 |
|
|
|
|
|
6 |
% |
|
|
5 |
% |
|
|
|
|
6 |
% |
|
|
5 |
% |
Europe |
|
|
17,243 |
|
|
|
15,049 |
|
|
|
14,573 |
|
|
|
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
8 |
|
APMEA |
|
|
13,041 |
|
|
|
11,373 |
|
|
|
9,871 |
|
|
|
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
7 |
|
Other Countries & Corporate |
|
|
7,625 |
|
|
|
6,559 |
|
|
|
5,747 |
|
|
|
|
|
16 |
|
|
|
14 |
|
|
|
|
|
12 |
|
|
|
15 |
|
Total |
|
$ |
67,648 |
|
|
$ |
61,147 |
|
|
$ |
56,928 |
|
|
|
|
|
11 |
% |
|
|
7 |
% |
|
|
|
|
7 |
% |
|
|
7 |
% |
RESTAURANT MARGINS
Franchised
margin dollars represent revenues from franchised restaurants less the Companys occupancy costs (rent and depreciation) associated with those sites. Franchised margin dollars represented about two-thirds of the combined restaurant margins in
2011, 2010 and 2009. Franchised margin dollars increased $768 million or 12% (9% in constant currencies) in 2011 and $479 million or 8% (8% in constant currencies) in 2010. Positive comparable sales were the primary driver of the constant
currency growth in franchised margin dollars in both years.
Franchised margins
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In millions |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2009 |
|
U.S. |
|
$ |
3,436 |
|
|
$ |
3,239 |
|
|
$ |
3,031 |
|
Europe |
|
|
2,400 |
|
|
|
2,063 |
|
|
|
1,998 |
|
APMEA |
|
|
858 |
|
|
|
686 |
|
|
|
559 |
|
Other Countries & Corporate |
|
|
538 |
|
|
|
476 |
|
|
|
397 |
|
Total |
|
$ |
7,232 |
|
|
$ |
6,464 |
|
|
$ |
5,985 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Percent of revenues |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. |
|
|
83.9 |
% |
|
|
83.4 |
% |
|
|
83.1 |
% |
Europe |
|
|
79.1 |
|
|
|
78.2 |
|
|
|
78.3 |
|
APMEA |
|
|
89.5 |
|
|
|
89.3 |
|
|
|
89.6 |
|
Other Countries & Corporate |
|
|
86.1 |
|
|
|
86.0 |
|
|
|
86.1 |
|
Total |
|
|
83.0 |
% |
|
|
82.4 |
% |
|
|
82.1 |
% |
In the U.S., the franchised margin percent increase in 2011 and 2010 was primarily due to positive comparable
sales, partly offset by higher occupancy costs.
In Europe, the franchised margin percent increase in 2011 was primarily due to
positive comparable sales, partly offset by
16 McDonalds Corporation Annual Report 2011
higher occupancy costs. Europes franchised margin percent decreased in 2010 as positive comparable sales were more than offset by higher occupancy expenses, the cost of strategic brand and
sales building initiatives and the refranchising strategy.
In APMEA, the franchised margin percent increase in 2011 was primarily due to
a contractual escalation in the royalty rate for Japan in addition to positive comparable sales in most markets, partly offset by a negative impact from the strengthening of the Australian dollar. The 2010 decrease was primarily driven by a negative
impact from the strengthening of the Australian dollar.
The franchised margin percent in APMEA and Other Countries & Corporate
is higher relative to the U.S. and Europe due to a larger proportion of developmental licensed and/or affiliated restaurants where the Company receives royalty income with no corresponding occupancy costs.
|
|
Company-operated margins |
Company-operated margin dollars represent sales by Company-operated restaurants less the operating costs of these restaurants. Company-operated margin dollars
increased $282 million or 9% (5% in constant currencies) in 2011 and increased $366 million or 13% (12% in constant currencies) in 2010. The constant currency growth in Company-operated margin dollars in 2011 was driven by positive comparable
sales partially offset by higher costs, primarily commodity costs, in all segments. Positive comparable sales and lower commodity costs were the primary drivers of the constant currency growth in Company-operated margin dollars in 2010.
Company-operated margins
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In millions |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2009 |
|
U.S. |
|
$ |
914 |
|
|
$ |
902 |
|
|
$ |
832 |
|
Europe |
|
|
1,514 |
|
|
|
1,373 |
|
|
|
1,240 |
|
APMEA |
|
|
876 |
|
|
|
764 |
|
|
|
624 |
|
Other Countries & Corporate |
|
|
151 |
|
|
|
134 |
|
|
|
111 |
|
Total |
|
$ |
3,455 |
|
|
$ |
3,173 |
|
|
$ |
2,807 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Percent of sales |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. |
|
|
20.6 |
% |
|
|
21.3 |
% |
|
|
19.4 |
% |
Europe |
|
|
19.3 |
|
|
|
19.8 |
|
|
|
18.4 |
|
APMEA |
|
|
17.3 |
|
|
|
17.8 |
|
|
|
16.8 |
|
Other Countries & Corporate |
|
|
16.0 |
|
|
|
17.2 |
|
|
|
15.2 |
|
Total |
|
|
18.9 |
% |
|
|
19.6 |
% |
|
|
18.2 |
% |
In the U.S., the Company-operated margin percent decreased in 2011 due to higher commodity and occupancy costs,
partially offset by positive comparable sales. The margin percent increased in 2010 due to lower commodity costs and positive comparable sales, partly offset by higher labor costs. Refranchising also had a positive impact on the margin percent in
2010.
Europes Company-operated margin percent decreased in 2011 primarily due to higher commodity, labor, and occupancy costs,
partially offset by positive comparable sales. The margin percent increased in 2010 primarily due to positive comparable sales and lower commodity costs, partly offset by higher labor costs.
In APMEA, the Company-operated margin percent in 2011 reflected positive comparable sales, offset by higher commodity, labor and occupancy costs.
Acceleration of new restaurant openings in China negatively impacted the margin percent. Similar to
other markets, new restaurants in China initially open with lower margins that grow significantly over time. The APMEA margin percent increased in 2010 due to positive comparable sales and lower
commodity costs, partly offset by higher occupancy & other costs and increased labor costs.
Supplemental information regarding
Company-operated restaurants
We continually review our restaurant ownership mix with a goal of improving local relevance, profits and returns.
In most cases, franchising is the best way to achieve these goals, but as previously stated, Company-operated restaurants are also important to our success.
We report results for Company-operated restaurants based on their sales, less costs directly incurred by that business including occupancy costs. We report the results for franchised restaurants based on franchised
revenues, less associated occupancy costs. For this reason and because we manage our business based on geographic segments and not on the basis of our ownership structure, we do not specifically allocate selling, general & administrative
expenses and other operating (income) expenses to Company-operated or franchised restaurants. Other operating items that relate to the Company-operated restaurants generally include gains/losses on sales of restaurant businesses and write-offs of
equipment and leasehold improvements.
We believe the following information about Company-operated restaurants in our most significant
segments provides an additional perspective on this business. Management responsible for our Company-operated restaurants in these markets analyzes the Company-operated business on this basis to assess its performance. Management of the Company also
considers this information when evaluating restaurant ownership mix, subject to other relevant considerations.
The following table seeks
to illustrate the two components of our Company-operated margins. The first of these relates exclusively to restaurant operations, which we refer to as Store operating margin. The second relates to the value of our brand and the real
estate interest we retain for which we charge rent and royalties. We refer to this component as Brand/real estate margin. Both Company-operated and conventional franchised restaurants are charged rent and royalties, although rent and
royalties for Company-operated restaurants are eliminated in consolidation. Rent and royalties for both restaurant ownership types are based on a percentage of sales, and the actual rent percentage varies depending on the level of McDonalds
investment in the restaurant. Royalty rates may also vary by market.
As shown in the following table, in disaggregating the components
of our Company-operated margins, certain costs with respect to Company-operated restaurants are reflected in Brand/real estate margin. Those costs consist of rent payable by McDonalds to third parties on leased sites and depreciation for
buildings and leasehold improvements and constitute a portion of occupancy & other operating expenses recorded in the Consolidated statement of income. Store operating margins reflect rent and royalty expenses, and those amounts are
accounted for as income in calculating Brand/real estate margin.
While we believe that the following information provides a perspective
in evaluating our Company-operated business, it is not intended as a measure of our operating performance or as an alternative to operating income or restaurant margins as reported by the Company in accordance with accounting principles
McDonalds Corporation Annual Report
2011 17
generally accepted in the U.S. In particular, as noted previously, we do not allocate selling, general & administrative expenses to our Company-operated business. However, we believe
that about $50,000 per restaurant, on average, is the typical cost to support this business in the U.S. The actual costs in markets outside the
U.S. will vary depending on local circumstances and the organizational structure of the market. These costs reflect the indirect services we believe are necessary to provide the appropriate
support of the restaurant.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. |
|
|
|
|
Europe |
|
Dollars in millions |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2009 |
|
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2009 |
|
As reported |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of Company-operated restaurants at year end |
|
|
1,552 |
|
|
|
1,550 |
|
|
|
1,578 |
|
|
|
|
|
1,985 |
|
|
|
2,005 |
|
|
|
2,001 |
|
Sales by Company-operated restaurants |
|
$ |
4,433 |
|
|
$ |
4,229 |
|
|
$ |
4,295 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
7,852 |
|
|
$ |
6,932 |
|
|
$ |
6,721 |
|
Company-operated margin |
|
$ |
914 |
|
|
$ |
902 |
|
|
$ |
832 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
1,514 |
|
|
$ |
1,373 |
|
|
$ |
1,240 |
|
Store operating margin |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Company-operated margin |
|
$ |
914 |
|
|
$ |
902 |
|
|
$ |
832 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
1,514 |
|
|
$ |
1,373 |
|
|
$ |
1,240 |
|
Plus: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outside rent
expense(1) |
|
|
56 |
|
|
|
60 |
|
|
|
65 |
|
|
|
|
|
242 |
|
|
|
223 |
|
|
|
222 |
|
Depreciationbuildings & leasehold improvements(1) |
|
|
69 |
|
|
|
65 |
|
|
|
70 |
|
|
|
|
|
118 |
|
|
|
105 |
|
|
|
100 |
|
Less: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rent & royalties(2) |
|
|
(651 |
) |
|
|
(619 |
) |
|
|
(634 |
) |
|
|
|
|
(1,598 |
) |
|
|
(1,409 |
) |
|
|
(1,363 |
) |
Store operating margin |
|
$ |
388 |
|
|
$ |
408 |
|
|
$ |
333 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
276 |
|
|
$ |
292 |
|
|
$ |
199 |
|
Brand/real estate margin |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rent &
royalties(2) |
|
$ |
651 |
|
|
$ |
619 |
|
|
$ |
634 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
1,598 |
|
|
$ |
1,409 |
|
|
$ |
1,363 |
|
Less: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outside rent
expense(1) |
|
|
(56 |
) |
|
|
(60 |
) |
|
|
(65 |
) |
|
|
|
|
(242 |
) |
|
|
(223 |
) |
|
|
(222 |
) |
Depreciationbuildings & leasehold improvements(1) |
|
|
(69 |
) |
|
|
(65 |
) |
|
|
(70 |
) |
|
|
|
|
(118 |
) |
|
|
(105 |
) |
|
|
(100 |
) |
Brand/real estate margin |
|
$ |
526 |
|
|
$ |
494 |
|
|
$ |
499 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
1,238 |
|
|
$ |
1,081 |
|
|
$ |
1,041 |
|
(1) |
Represents certain costs recorded as occupancy & other operating expenses in the Consolidated statement of income rent payable by McDonalds to third
parties on leased sites and depreciation for buildings and leasehold improvements. This adjustment is made to reflect these occupancy costs in Brand/real estate margin. The relative percentage of sites that are owned versus leased varies by country.
|
(2) |
Reflects average Company-operated rent and royalties (as a percent of sales: U.S.: 2011 14.7%; 2010 14.6%; 2009 14.8%; Europe: 2011 20.4%; 2010
20.3%; 2009 20.3%). This adjustment is made to reflect expense in Store operating margin and income in Brand/real estate margin. Countries within Europe have varying economic profiles and a wide range of rent and royalty rates as a
percentage of sales. |
SELLING, GENERAL & ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES
Consolidated selling, general & administrative expenses increased 3% (flat in constant currencies) in 2011 and increased 4% (4% in constant
currencies) in 2010. The growth rate for 2011 was flat as higher employee and other costs were offset by lower incentive based compensation and costs in 2010 related to the Vancouver Olympics and the Companys biennial Worldwide Owner/Operator
Convention. The Olympics and Convention contributed to the increase in 2010.
Selling, general & administrative expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amount |
|
|
|
|
Increase/ (decrease) |
|
|
|
|
Increase/(decrease) excluding currency translation |
|
Dollars in millions |
|
2011
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2009 |
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2010 |
|
U.S. |
|
$ |
779 |
|
|
$ |
781 |
|
|
$ |
751 |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
% |
|
|
4 |
% |
|
|
|
|
0 |
% |
|
|
4 |
% |
Europe |
|
|
699 |
|
|
|
653 |
|
|
|
655 |
|
|
|
|
|
7 |
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
APMEA |
|
|
341 |
|
|
|
306 |
|
|
|
276 |
|
|
|
|
|
12 |
|
|
|
10 |
|
|
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
4 |
|
Other Countries & Corporate(1) |
|
|
575 |
|
|
|
593 |
|
|
|
552 |
|
|
|
|
|
(3 |
) |
|
|
7 |
|
|
|
|
|
(4 |
) |
|
|
5 |
|
Total |
|
$ |
2,394 |
|
|
$ |
2,333 |
|
|
$ |
2,234 |
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
4 |
% |
|
|
|
|
0 |
% |
|
|
4 |
% |
(1) |
Included in Other Countries & Corporate are home office support costs in areas such as facilities, finance, human resources, information technology, legal, marketing,
restaurant operations, supply chain and training. |
Selling, general & administrative expenses as a percent of
revenues were 8.9% in 2011 compared with 9.7% in 2010 and 9.8% in 2009. Selling, general & administrative expenses as a percent of Systemwide sales were 2.8% in 2011 compared with 3.0% in 2010 and 3.1% in 2009. Management believes that
analyzing selling, general & administrative expenses as a percent of Systemwide sales, as well as revenues, is meaningful because these costs are incurred to support Systemwide restaurants.
18 McDonalds Corporation Annual Report 2011
IMPAIRMENT AND OTHER CHARGES (CREDITS), NET
The Company recorded impairment and other charges (credits), net of ($4) million in 2011, $29 million in 2010 and ($61) million in 2009. Management does not include these items when reviewing business performance
trends because we do not believe these items are indicative of expected ongoing results.
Impairment and other charges (credits), net
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In millions, except per share data |
|
2011
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2009 |
|
Europe |
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
1 |
|
|
$ |
4 |
|
APMEA |
|
$ |
(4 |
) |
|
|
49 |
|
|
|
|
|
Other Countries & Corporate |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(21 |
) |
|
|
(65 |
) |
Total |
|
$ |
(4 |
) |
|
$ |
29 |
|
|
$ |
(61 |
) |
After tax(1)
|
|
$ |
17 |
|
|
$ |
25 |
|
|
$ |
(91 |
) |
Earnings per common share-diluted |
|
$ |
0.01 |
|
|
$ |
0.02 |
|
|
$ |
(0.08 |
) |
(1) |
Certain items were not tax affected. |
In
2010, the Company recorded expense of $29 million primarily related to its share of restaurant closing costs in McDonalds Japan in conjunction with the strategic review of the markets restaurant portfolio, partly offset by income related
to the resolution of certain liabilities retained in connection with the 2007 Latin America developmental license transaction.
In
2009, the Company recorded income of $61 million related primarily to the resolution of certain liabilities retained in connection with the 2007 Latin America developmental license transaction. The Company also recognized a tax benefit in 2009 in
connection with this income, mainly related to the release of a tax valuation allowance.
OTHER OPERATING (INCOME) EXPENSE, NET
Other operating (income) expense, net
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In millions |
|
2011
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2009 |
|
Gains on sales of restaurant businesses |
|
$ |
(82 |
) |
|
$ |
(79 |
) |
|
$ |
(113 |
) |
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates |
|
|
(178 |
) |
|
|
(164 |
) |
|
|
(168 |
) |
Asset dispositions and other expense |
|
|
27 |
|
|
|
45 |
|
|
|
59 |
|
Total |
|
$ |
(233 |
) |
|
$ |
(198 |
) |
|
$ |
(222 |
) |
|
|
Gains on sales of restaurant businesses |
Gains on sales of restaurant businesses include gains from sales of Company-operated restaurants as well as gains from exercises of purchase options by franchisees with business facilities lease arrangements
(arrangements where the Company leases the businesses, including equipment, to franchisees who generally have options to purchase the businesses). The Companys purchases and sales of businesses with its franchisees are aimed at achieving an
optimal ownership mix in each market. Resulting gains or losses are recorded in operating income because the transactions are a recurring part of our business. The Company realized lower gains on sales of restaurant businesses in 2010 compared with
2009 primarily as a result of selling fewer Company-operated restaurants to franchisees.
|
|
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates |
Unconsolidated affiliates and partnerships are businesses in which the Company actively participates, but does not control. The Company records equity in earnings from these entities representing McDonalds
share of results. For foreign affiliated marketsprimarily Japanresults are reported after interest expense and income taxes. McDonalds share of results for partnerships in certain consolidated markets such as the U.S. is reported
before income taxes. These partnership restaurants are operated under conventional franchise arrangements and, therefore, are classified as conventional franchised restaurants. Results in 2011 reflected a benefit from stronger foreign currencies
partly offset by the decline in the number of unconsolidated partnerships in the U.S. Results in 2010 reflected a reduction in the number of unconsolidated partnerships worldwide partly offset by improved operating performance in Japan.
|
|
Asset dispositions and other expense |
Asset dispositions and other expense consists of gains or losses on excess property and other asset dispositions, provisions for restaurant closings and uncollectible receivables, asset write-offs due to restaurant
reinvestment, and other miscellaneous income and expenses. Asset dispositions and other expense declined in 2011 primarily due to higher gains on unconsolidated partnership dissolutions in the U.S.
OPERATING INCOME
Operating income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amount |
|
|
|
|
Increase/(decrease) |
|
|
|
|
Increase/(decrease) excluding currency translation |
|
Dollars in millions |
|
2011
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2009 |
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2010 |
|
U.S. |
|
$ |
3,666 |
|
|
$ |
3,446 |
|
|
$ |
3,232 |
|
|
|
|
|
6 |
% |
|
|
7 |
% |
|
|
|
|
6 |
% |
|
|
7 |
% |
Europe |
|
|
3,227 |
|
|
|
2,797 |
|
|
|
2,588 |
|
|
|
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
|
|
10 |
|
|
|
12 |
|
APMEA |
|
|
1,526 |
|
|
|
1,200 |
|
|
|
989 |
|
|
|
|
|
27 |
|
|
|
21 |
|
|
|
|
|
17 |
|
|
|
11 |
|
Other Countries & Corporate |
|
|
111 |
|
|
|
30 |
|
|
|
32 |
|
|
|
|
|
nm |
|
|
|
(6 |
) |
|
|
|
|
nm |
|
|
|
(43 |
) |
Total |
|
$ |
8,530 |
|
|
$ |
7,473 |
|
|
$ |
6,841 |
|
|
|
|
|
14 |
% |
|
|
9 |
% |
|
|
|
|
10 |
% |
|
|
9 |
% |
nm Not meaningful.
In the U.S., 2011 and 2010 results increased primarily due to higher combined restaurant margin dollars, primarily
franchised margin dollars.
In Europe, results for 2011 and 2010 were driven by stronger operating performance in France, the
U.K., Russia and Germany. The increases in 2011 and 2010 were driven by higher combined
McDonalds Corporation Annual Report
2011 19
restaurant margin dollars, primarily franchised margin dollars in 2011 and Company-operated margin dollars in 2010.
In APMEA, 2011 results increased due to stronger operating results in many markets. Results for 2010 were primarily driven by stronger results in Australia and many other markets. Impairment charges in 2010
positively impacted the constant currency growth rate for 2011 by 4 percentage points and negatively impacted the 2010 growth rate by 4 percentage points.
|
|
Combined operating margin |
Combined operating margin is defined as operating income as a percent of total revenues. Combined operating margin for 2011, 2010 and 2009 was 31.6%, 31.0% and
30.1%, respectively.
INTEREST EXPENSE
Interest
expense increased in 2011 primarily due to higher average debt balances and stronger foreign currencies, partly offset by lower average interest rates. Interest expense decreased in 2010 primarily due to lower average interest rates slightly offset
by higher average debt balances.
NONOPERATING (INCOME) EXPENSE, NET
Nonoperating (income) expense, net
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In millions |
|
2011
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2009 |
|
Interest income |
|
$ |
(39 |
) |
|
$ |
(20 |
) |
|
$ |
(19 |
) |
Foreign currency and hedging activity |
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
(32 |
) |
Other expense |
|
|
55 |
|
|
|
44 |
|
|
|
27 |
|
Total |
|
$ |
25 |
|
|
$ |
22 |
|
|
$ |
(24 |
) |
Interest income consists primarily of interest earned on short-term cash investments. Foreign currency and hedging
activity includes net gains or losses on certain hedges that reduce the exposure to variability on certain intercompany foreign currency cash flow streams. Other expense primarily consists of miscellaneous nonoperating income and expense items such
as amortization of debt issuance costs.
GAIN ON SALE OF INVESTMENT
In 2009, the Company sold its minority ownership interest in Redbox to Coinstar, Inc., the majority owner, for total consideration of $145 million. As a result of the transaction, the Company recognized a
nonoperating pretax gain of $95 million (after tax $59 million or $0.05 per share).
PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES
In 2011, 2010 and 2009, the reported effective income tax rates were 31.3%, 29.3% and 29.8%, respectively.
In 2011, the effective income tax rate increased due to lower tax benefits related to certain foreign tax credits, partially offset by nonrecurring
deferred tax benefits related to certain foreign operations.
In 2010, the effective income tax rate decreased due to higher tax benefits
related to foreign operations.
In 2009, the effective income tax rate benefited by 0.7 percentage points primarily due to the resolution
of certain liabilities retained in connection with the 2007 Latin America developmental license transaction.
Consolidated net deferred
tax liabilities included tax assets, net of valuation allowance, of $1.5 billion and $1.6 billion in 2011 and 2010, respectively. Substantially all of the net tax assets are expected to be realized in the U.S. and other profitable markets.
ACCOUNTING CHANGES
|
|
Fair value measurements |
In May
2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued an update to Topic 820 Fair Value Measurement of the Accounting Standards Codification (ASC). This update provides guidance on how fair value accounting should be applied where its
use is already required or permitted by other standards and does not extend the use of fair value accounting. The Company will adopt this guidance effective January 1, 2012, as required, and does not expect the adoption to have a significant
impact on its consolidated financial statements.
In June
2011, the FASB issued an update to Topic 220 Comprehensive Income of the ASC. The update is intended to increase the prominence of other comprehensive income in the financial statements. The guidance requires that the Company presents
components of comprehensive income in either one continuous statement or two separate consecutive statements and no longer permits the presentation of comprehensive income in the Consolidated statement of shareholders equity. The Company will
adopt this new guidance effective January 1, 2012, as required.
|
|
Variable interest entities and consolidation |
In June 2009, the FASB issued amendments to the guidance on variable interest entities and consolidation, codified primarily in the Consolidation Topic of the FASB ASC. This guidance modifies the method for
determining whether an entity is a variable interest entity as well as the methods permitted for determining the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity. In addition, this guidance requires ongoing reassessments of whether a company is the
primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity and enhanced disclosures related to a companys involvement with a variable interest entity. The Company adopted this guidance as of January 1, 2010.
On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its business relationships such as those with franchisees, joint venture partners, developmental
licensees, suppliers, and advertising cooperatives to identify potential variable interest entities. Generally, these businesses qualify for a scope exception under the consolidation guidance. The Company has concluded that consolidation of any such
entities is not appropriate for the periods presented. As a result, the adoption did not have any impact on the Companys consolidated financial statements.
Cash Flows
The Company generates significant cash from its operations and has substantial credit availability and capacity to fund operating and discretionary spending such as
capital expenditures, debt repayments, dividends and share repurchases.
Cash provided by operations totaled $7.2 billion and exceeded
capital expenditures by $4.4 billion in 2011, while cash provided by operations totaled $6.3 billion and exceeded capital expenditures by $4.2 billion in 2010. In 2011, cash provided by operations increased $808 million or 13% compared with 2010
primarily due to higher operating results. In 2010, cash provided by operations increased $591 million or 10% compared with 2009 primarily due to higher operating results.
20 McDonalds Corporation Annual Report 2011
Cash used for investing activities totaled $2.6 billion in 2011, an increase of $515 million compared
with 2010. This reflects higher capital expenditures, partly offset by higher proceeds from sales of restaurant businesses. Cash used for investing activities totaled $2.1 billion in 2010, an increase of $401 million compared with 2009. This
reflects higher capital expenditures and lower proceeds from sales of investments and restaurant businesses.
Cash used for financing
activities totaled $4.5 billion in 2011, an increase of $804 million compared with 2010, primarily due to higher treasury stock purchases, an increase in the common stock dividend, and lower proceeds from stock option exercises, partly offset by
higher net debt issuances. Cash used for financing activities totaled $3.7 billion in 2010, a decrease of $692 million compared with 2009, primarily due to higher net debt issuances, higher proceeds from stock option exercises and lower treasury
stock purchases, partly offset by an increase in the common stock dividend.
As a result of the above activity, the Companys cash
and equivalents balance decreased $51 million in 2011 to $2.3 billion, compared with an increase of $591 million in 2010. In addition to cash and equivalents on hand and cash provided by operations, the Company can meet short-term funding needs
through its continued access to commercial paper borrowings and line of credit agreements.
RESTAURANT DEVELOPMENT AND CAPITAL EXPENDITURES
In 2011, the Company opened 1,118 traditional restaurants and 32 satellite restaurants (small, limited-menu restaurants for which the land and
building are generally leased), and closed 246 traditional restaurants and 131 satellite restaurants. In 2010, the Company opened 957 traditional restaurants and 35 satellite restaurants, and closed 406 traditional restaurants and 327 satellite
restaurants. Of these closures, there were over 400 in McDonalds Japan due to the strategic review of the markets restaurant portfolio. The majority of restaurant openings and closings occurred in the major markets in both years. The
Company closes restaurants for a variety of reasons, such as existing sales and profit performance or loss of real estate tenure.
Systemwide restaurants at year end(1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2009 |
|
U.S. |
|
|
14,098 |
|
|
|
14,027 |
|
|
|
13,980 |
|
Europe |
|
|
7,156 |
|
|
|
6,969 |
|
|
|
6,785 |
|
APMEA |
|
|
8,865 |
|
|
|
8,424 |
|
|
|
8,488 |
|
Other Countries & Corporate |
|
|
3,391 |
|
|
|
3,317 |
|
|
|
3,225 |
|
Total |
|
|
33,510 |
|
|
|
32,737 |
|
|
|
32,478 |
|
(1) |
Includes satellite units at December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 as follows: U.S.1,084, 1,112, 1,155; Europe240, 239, 241; APMEA (primarily Japan)949,
1,010, 1,263; Other Countries & Corporate459, 470, 464. |
Approximately 65% of Company-operated
restaurants and over 75% of franchised restaurants were located in the major markets at the end of 2011. Over 80% of the restaurants at year-end 2011 were franchised.
Capital expenditures increased $595 million or 28% in 2011 primarily due to higher reinvestment in existing restaurants and higher investment in new restaurants. Capital expenditures increased $183 million or 9% in
2010 primarily due to higher investment in new restaurants. In both years, capital expenditures
reflected the Companys commitment to grow sales at existing restaurants, including reinvestment initiatives such as reimaging in many markets around the world.
Capital expenditures invested in major markets, excluding Japan, represented over 65% of the total in 2011, 2010 and 2009. Japan is accounted for
under the equity method, and accordingly its capital expenditures are not included in consolidated amounts.
Capital expenditures
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In millions |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2009 |
|
New restaurants |
|
$ |
1,193 |
|
|
$ |
968 |
|
|
$ |
809 |
|
Existing restaurants |
|
|
1,432 |
|
|
|
1,089 |
|
|
|
1,070 |
|
Other(1) |
|
|
105 |
|
|
|
78 |
|
|
|
73 |
|
Total capital expenditures |
|
$ |
2,730 |
|
|
$ |
2,135 |
|
|
$ |
1,952 |
|
Total assets |
|
$ |
32,990 |
|
|
$ |
31,975 |
|
|
$ |
30,225 |
|
(1) |
Primarily corporate equipment and other office-related expenditures. |
New restaurant investments in all years were concentrated in markets with acceptable returns or opportunities for long-term growth. Average development costs vary widely by market depending on the types of
restaurants built and the real estate and construction costs within each market. These costs, which include land, buildings and equipment, are managed through the use of optimally sized restaurants, construction and design efficiencies, and
leveraging best practices. Although the Company is not responsible for all costs for every restaurant opened, total development costs (consisting of land, buildings and equipment) for new traditional McDonalds restaurants in the U.S. averaged
approximately $2.7 million in 2011.
The Company owned approximately 45% of the land and about 70% of the buildings for restaurants in
its consolidated markets at year-end 2011 and 2010.
SHARE REPURCHASES AND DIVIDENDS
For the last three years, the Company returned a total of $16.1 billion to shareholders through a combination of shares repurchased and dividends paid.
Shares repurchased and dividends
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In millions, except per share data |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2009 |
|
Number of shares repurchased |
|
|
41.9 |
|
|
|
37.8 |
|
|
|
50.3 |
|
Shares outstanding at year end |
|
|
1,021 |
|
|
|
1,054 |
|
|
|
1,077 |
|
Dividends declared per share |
|
$ |
2.53 |
|
|
$ |
2.26 |
|
|
$ |
2.05 |
|
|
|
|
|
Dollar amount of shares repurchased |
|
$ |
3,373 |
|
|
$ |
2,648 |
|
|
$ |
2,854 |
|
Dividends paid |
|
|
2,610 |
|
|
|
2,408 |
|
|
|
2,235 |
|
Total returned to shareholders |
|
$ |
5,983 |
|
|
$ |
5,056 |
|
|
$ |
5,089 |
|
In September 2009, the Companys Board of Directors approved a $10 billion share repurchase program with
no specified expiration date. In 2009, 2010 and 2011 combined, approximately 87 million shares have been repurchased for $6.5 billion under this program.
The Company has paid dividends on its common stock for 36 consecutive years and has increased the dividend amount every year. The 2011 full year dividend of $2.53 per share reflects the quarterly dividend paid for
each of the first three quarters of $0.61 per share, with an increase to $0.70 per share paid in the fourth quarter. This 15% increase in the quarterly dividend
McDonalds Corporation Annual Report
2011 21
equates to a $2.80 per share annual dividend and reflects the Companys confidence in the ongoing strength and reliability of its cash flow. As in the past, future dividend amounts will be
considered after reviewing profitability expectations and financing needs, and will be declared at the discretion of the Companys Board of Directors.
Financial Position and Capital Resources
TOTAL ASSETS AND RETURNS
Total assets increased $1.0 billion or 3% in 2011. Excluding the effect of changes in foreign currency exchange rates, total assets increased $1.4 billion in 2011.
Over 75% of total assets were in major markets at year-end 2011. Net property and equipment increased $774 million in 2011 and represented about 70% of total assets at year end. Excluding the effect of changes in foreign currency exchange rates, net
property and equipment increased $1.1 billion primarily due to capital expenditures, partly offset by depreciation.
Operating income is
used to compute return on average assets, while net income is used to calculate return on average common equity. Month-end balances are used to compute both average assets and average common equity.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2009 |
|
Return on average assets |
|
|
26.0 |
% |
|
|
24.7 |
% |
|
|
23.4 |
% |
Return on average common equity |
|
|
37.7 |
|
|
|
35.3 |
|
|
|
34.0 |
|
In 2011, 2010, and 2009, return on average assets and return on average common equity benefited from strong global
operating results. Operating income, as reported, does not include interest income; however, cash balances are included in average assets. The inclusion of cash balances in average assets reduced return on average assets by about two percentage
points for all years presented.
FINANCING AND MARKET RISK
The Company generally borrows on a long-term basis and is exposed to the impact of interest rate changes and foreign currency fluctuations. Debt obligations at December 31, 2011 totaled $12.5 billion, compared
with $11.5 billion at December 31, 2010. The net increase in 2011 was primarily due to net issuances of $1.0 billion.
Debt
highlights(1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2009 |
|
Fixed-rate debt as a percent of total debt(2,3) |
|
|
69 |
% |
|
|
66 |
% |
|
|
68 |
% |
Weighted-average annual interest rate of total debt(3) |
|
|
4.2 |
|
|
|
4.3 |
|
|
|
4.5 |
|
Foreign currency-denominated debt as a percent of total debt(2) |
|
|
40 |
|
|
|
41 |
|
|
|
43 |
|
Total debt as a percent of total capitalization (total debt and total shareholders equity)(2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
46 |
|
|
|
44 |
|
|
|
43 |
|
Cash provided by operations as a percent of total debt(2) |
|
|
57 |
|
|
|
55 |
|
|
|
55 |
|
(1) |
All percentages are as of December 31, except for the weighted-average annual interest rate, which is for the year. |
(2) |
Based on debt obligations before the effect of fair value hedging adjustments. This effect is excluded as these adjustments have no impact on the obligation at maturity. See
Debt financing note to the consolidated financial statements. |
(3) |
Includes the effect of interest rate swaps.
|
Fitch, Standard & Poors and Moodys currently rate, with a stable outlook, the
Companys commercial paper F1, A-1 and P-1, respectively; and its long-term debt A, A and A2, respectively.
Certain of the
Companys debt obligations contain cross-acceleration provisions and restrictions on Company and subsidiary mortgages and the long-term debt of certain subsidiaries. There are no provisions in the Companys debt obligations that would
accelerate repayment of debt as a result of a change in credit ratings or a material adverse change in the Companys business. Under existing authorization from the Companys Board of Directors, at December 31, 2011, the Company had
$1.7 billion of authority remaining to borrow funds, including through (i) public or private offering of debt securities; (ii) direct borrowing from banks or other financial institutions; and (iii) other forms of indebtedness. In
addition to debt securities available through a medium-term notes program registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and a Global Medium-Term Notes program, the Company has $1.5 billion available under committed line of credit
agreements as well as authority to issue commercial paper in the U.S. and global markets (see Debt financing note to the consolidated financial statements). Debt maturing in 2012 is approximately $964 million of long-term corporate debt. In 2012,
the Company expects to issue commercial paper and long-term debt to refinance this maturing debt. Consequently, in February 2012, the Company issued $250.0 million of 10-year U.S. Dollar-denominated notes at a coupon rate of 2.625%, and $500.0
million of 30-year U.S. Dollar-denominated notes at a coupon rate of 3.70%. The Company also has $640 million of foreign currency bank line borrowings outstanding at year-end 2011.
The Company uses major capital markets, bank financings and derivatives to meet its financing requirements and reduce interest expense. The Company
manages its debt portfolio in response to changes in interest rates and foreign currency rates by periodically retiring, redeeming and repurchasing debt, terminating swaps and using derivatives. The Company does not use derivatives with a level of
complexity or with a risk higher than the exposures to be hedged and does not hold or issue derivatives for trading purposes. All swaps are over-the-counter instruments.
In managing the impact of interest rate changes and foreign currency fluctuations, the Company uses interest rate swaps and finances in the currencies in which assets are denominated. The Company uses foreign
currency debt and derivatives to hedge the foreign currency risk associated with certain royalties, intercompany financings and long-term investments in foreign subsidiaries and affiliates. This reduces the impact of fluctuating foreign currencies
on cash flows and shareholders equity. Total foreign currency-denominated debt was $5.0 billion and $4.7 billion for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. In addition, where practical, the Companys
restaurants purchase goods and services in local currencies resulting in natural hedges. See Summary of significant accounting policies note to the consolidated financial statements related to financial instruments and hedging activities for
additional information regarding the accounting impact and use of derivatives.
The Company does not have significant exposure to any
individual counterparty and has master agreements that contain netting arrangements. Certain of these agreements also require each party to post collateral if credit ratings fall below, or aggregate exposures exceed, certain contractual limits. At
22 McDonalds Corporation Annual Report 2011
December 31, 2011, neither the Company nor its counterparties were required to post collateral on any derivative position, other than on hedges of certain of the Companys supplemental
benefit plan liabilities where our counterparty was required to post collateral on its liability position.
The Companys net asset
exposure is diversified among a broad basket of currencies. The Companys largest net asset exposures (defined as foreign currency assets less foreign currency liabilities) at year end were as follows:
Foreign currency net asset exposures
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In millions of U.S. Dollars |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
Euro |
|
$ |
5,905 |
|
|
$ |
5,465 |
|
Australian Dollars |
|
|
2,409 |
|
|
|
2,075 |
|
Canadian Dollars |
|
|
1,224 |
|
|
|
1,123 |
|
British Pounds Sterling |
|
|
726 |
|
|
|
547 |
|
Russian Ruble |
|
|
594 |
|
|
|
589 |
|
The Company prepared sensitivity analyses of its financial instruments to determine the impact of hypothetical
changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates on the Companys results of operations, cash flows and the fair value of its financial instruments. The interest rate analysis assumed a one percentage point adverse change in
interest rates on all financial instruments, but did not consider the effects of the reduced level of economic activity that could exist in such an environment. The foreign currency rate analysis assumed that each foreign currency rate would change
by 10% in the same direction relative to the U.S. Dollar on all financial instruments; however, the analysis did not include the potential impact on revenues, local currency prices or the effect of fluctuating currencies on the Companys
anticipated foreign currency royalties and other payments received in the U.S. Based on the results of these analyses of the Companys financial instruments, neither a one percentage point adverse change in interest rates from 2011 levels nor a
10% adverse change in foreign currency rates from 2011 levels would materially affect the Companys results of operations, cash flows or the fair value of its financial instruments.
CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS AND COMMITMENTS
The Company has long-term contractual obligations primarily in the
form of lease obligations (related to both Company-operated and franchised restaurants) and debt obligations. In addition, the Company has long-term revenue and cash flow streams that relate to its franchise arrangements. Cash provided by operations
(including cash provided by these franchise arrangements) along with the Companys borrowing capacity and other sources of cash will be used to satisfy the obligations. The following table summarizes the Companys contractual obligations
and their aggregate maturities as well as future minimum rent payments due to the Company under existing franchise arrangements as of December 31, 2011. See discussions of cash flows and financial position and capital resources as well as the
Notes to the consolidated financial statements for further details.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Contractual cash outflows |
|
|
|
|
Contractual cash inflows |
|
In millions |
|
Operating leases |
|
|
Debt obligations(1) |
|
|
|
|
Minimum rent under franchise arrangements |
|
2012 |
|
$ |
1,247 |
|
|
$ |
367 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
2,425 |
|
2013 |
|
|
1,167 |
|
|
|
1,026 |
|
|
|
|
|
2,357 |
|
2014 |
|
|
1,075 |
|
|
|
738 |
|
|
|
|
|
2,273 |
|
2015 |
|
|
965 |
|
|
|
656 |
|
|
|
|
|
2,157 |
|
2016 |
|
|
852 |
|
|
|
2,158 |
|
|
|
|
|
2,037 |
|
Thereafter |
|
|
6,248 |
|
|
|
7,499 |
|
|
|
|
|
15,949 |
|
Total |
|
$ |
11,554 |
|
|
$ |
12,444 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
27,198 |
|
(1) |
The maturities reflect reclassifications of short-term obligations to long-term obligations of $1.5 billion, as they are supported by a long-term line of credit agreement
expiring in November 2016. Debt obligations do not include $56 million of noncash fair value hedging adjustments or $218 million of accrued interest. |
The Company maintains certain supplemental benefit plans that allow participants to (i) make tax-deferred contributions and (ii) receive Company-provided allocations that cannot be made under the
qualified benefit plans because of IRS limitations. At December 31, 2011, total liabilities for the supplemental plans were $482 million, and total liabilities for gross unrecognized tax benefits were $565 million.
There are certain purchase commitments that are not recognized in the consolidated financial statements and are primarily related to construction,
inventory, energy, marketing and other service related arrangements that occur in the normal course of business. The amounts related to these commitments are not significant to the Companys financial position. Such commitments are generally
shorter term in nature and will be funded from operating cash flows.
Other Matters
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
Managements discussion and analysis of financial condition
and results of operations is based upon the Companys consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. The preparation of these financial statements requires the
Company to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses as well as related disclosures. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its estimates and judgments based on historical
experience and various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates under various assumptions or conditions.
The Company reviews its financial reporting and disclosure practices and accounting policies quarterly to ensure that they provide accurate and
transparent information relative to the current economic and business environment. The Company believes that of its significant accounting policies, the following involve a higher degree of judgment and/or complexity:
Property
and equipment are depreciated or amortized on a straight-line basis over their useful lives based on managements estimates of the period over which the assets will generate revenue (not to exceed lease term plus options for leased property).
The useful lives are estimated based on historical experience with
McDonalds Corporation Annual Report
2011 23
similar assets, taking into account anticipated technological or other changes. The Company periodically reviews these lives relative to physical factors, economic factors and industry trends. If
there are changes in the planned use of property and equipment, or if technological changes occur more rapidly than anticipated, the useful lives assigned to these assets may need to be shortened, resulting in the accelerated recognition of
depreciation and amortization expense or write-offs in future periods.
|
|
Share-based compensation |
The
Company has a share-based compensation plan which authorizes the granting of various equity-based incentives including stock options and restricted stock units (RSUs) to employees and nonemployee directors. The expense for these equity-based
incentives is based on their fair value at date of grant and generally amortized over their vesting period.
The fair value of each stock
option granted is estimated on the date of grant using a closed-form pricing model. The pricing model requires assumptions, which impact the assumed fair value, including the expected life of the stock option, the risk-free interest rate, expected
volatility of the Companys stock over the expected life and the expected dividend yield. The Company uses historical data to determine these assumptions and if these assumptions change significantly for future grants, share-based compensation
expense will fluctuate in future years. The fair value of each RSU granted is equal to the market price of the Companys stock at date of grant less the present value of expected dividends over the vesting period.
|
|
Long-lived assets impairment review |
Long-lived assets (including goodwill) are reviewed for impairment annually in the fourth quarter and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be
recoverable. In assessing the recoverability of the Companys long-lived assets, the Company considers changes in economic conditions and makes assumptions regarding estimated future cash flows and other factors. Estimates of future cash flows
are highly subjective judgments based on the Companys experience and knowledge of its operations. These estimates can be significantly impacted by many factors including changes in global and local business and economic conditions, operating
costs, inflation, competition, and consumer and demographic trends. A key assumption impacting estimated future cash flows is the estimated change in comparable sales. If the Companys estimates or underlying assumptions change in the future,
the Company may be required to record impairment charges. Based on the annual goodwill impairment test, conducted in the fourth quarter, the Company does not have any reporting units (defined as each individual country) with goodwill currently at
risk of impairment.
In the
ordinary course of business, the Company is subject to proceedings, lawsuits and other claims primarily related to competitors, customers, employees, franchisees, government agencies, intellectual property, shareholders and suppliers. The Company is
required to assess the likelihood of any adverse judgments or outcomes to these matters as well as potential ranges of probable losses. A determination of the amount of accrual required, if any, for these contingencies is made after
careful analysis of each matter. The required accrual may change in the future due to new developments in each matter or changes in approach such as a change in settlement strategy in dealing
with these matters. The Company does not believe that any such matter currently being reviewed will have a material adverse effect on its financial condition or results of operations.
The Company records
a valuation allowance to reduce its deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred assets will not be realized. While the Company has considered future taxable income and ongoing prudent and feasible tax
strategies, including the sale of appreciated assets, in assessing the need for the valuation allowance, if these estimates and assumptions change in the future, the Company may be required to adjust its valuation allowance. This could result in a
charge to, or an increase in, income in the period such determination is made.
The Company operates within multiple taxing jurisdictions
and is subject to audit in these jurisdictions. The Company records accruals for the estimated outcomes of these audits, and the accruals may change in the future due to new developments in each matter. In 2010, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS)
concluded its field examination of the Companys U.S. federal income tax returns for 2007 and 2008. In connection with this examination, the Company received notices of proposed adjustments from the IRS related to certain foreign tax credits of
about $400 million, excluding interest and potential penalties. The Company disagrees with the IRS proposed adjustments. The Company has filed a protest with the IRS Appeals Office and expects resolution on this issue in 2012. The Company
does not believe that the resolution will have a material impact on its results of operations or cash flows. The Companys 2009 and 2010 U.S. federal income tax returns are currently under examination and the completion of the examination is
expected in 2013.
Deferred U.S. income taxes have not been recorded for temporary differences totaling $12.6 billion related to
investments in certain foreign subsidiaries and corporate affiliates. The temporary differences consist primarily of undistributed earnings that are considered permanently invested in operations outside the U.S. If managements intentions
change in the future, deferred taxes may need to be provided.
EFFECTS OF CHANGING PRICESINFLATION
The Company has demonstrated an ability to manage inflationary cost increases effectively. This ability is because of rapid inventory turnover, the ability to
adjust menu prices, cost controls and substantial property holdings, many of which are at fixed costs and partly financed by debt made less expensive by inflation.
RECONCILIATION OF RETURNS ON INCREMENTAL INVESTED CAPITAL
Return on incremental invested capital (ROIIC) is a
measure reviewed by management over one-year and three-year time periods to evaluate the overall profitability of the business units, the effectiveness of capital deployed and the future allocation of capital. This measure is calculated using
operating income and constant foreign exchange rates to exclude the impact of foreign currency translation. The numerator is the Companys incremental operating income plus depreciation and amortization from the base period.
24 McDonalds Corporation Annual Report 2011
The denominator is the weighted-average adjusted cash used for investing activities during the
applicable one-or three-year period. Adjusted cash used for investing activities is defined as cash used for investing activities less cash generated from investing activities related to the Pret A Manger and Redbox transactions. The
weighted-average adjusted cash used for investing activities is based on a weighting applied on a quarterly basis. These weightings are used to reflect the estimated contribution of each quarters investing activities to incremental operating
income. For example, fourth quarter 2011 investing activities are weighted less because the assets purchased have only recently been deployed and would have generated little incremental operating income (12.5% of fourth quarter 2011 investing
activities are included in the one-year and three-year calculations). In contrast, fourth quarter 2010 is heavily weighted because the assets purchased were deployed more than 12 months ago, and therefore have a full year impact on 2011 operating
income, with little or no impact to the base period (87.5% and 100.0% of fourth quarter 2010 investing activities are included in the one-year and three-year calculations, respectively). Management believes that weighting cash used for investing
activities provides a more accurate reflection of the relationship between its investments and returns than a simple average.
The
reconciliations to the most comparable measurements, in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S., for the numerator and denominator of the one-year and three-year ROIIC are as follows:
One-year ROIIC calculation (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years ended December 31, |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
Incremental change |
|
NUMERATOR: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating income |
|
$ |
8,529.7 |
|
|
$ |
7,473.1 |
|
|
$ |
1,056.6 |
|
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
1,415.0 |
|
|
|
1,276.2 |
|
|
|
138.8 |
|
Currency
translation(1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(331.4 |
) |
Incremental operating income plus depreciation and amortization (at constant foreign
exchange rates) |
|
|
$ |
864.0 |
|
DENOMINATOR: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted-average cash used for investing
activities(2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
2,311.7 |
|
Currency
translation(1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(11.3 |
) |
Weighted-average cash used for investing activities (at constant foreign exchange rates) |
|
|
$ |
2,300.4 |
|
One-year
ROIIC(3) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
37.6 |
% |
(1) |
Represents the effect of foreign currency translation by translating results at an average exchange rate for the periods measured. |
(2) |
Represents one-year weighted-average cash used for investing activities, determined by applying the weightings below to the cash used for investing activities for each quarter
in the two-year period ended December 31, 2011. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2011 |
|
Cash used for investing activities |
|
$ |
2,056.0 |
|
|
$ |
2,570.9 |
|
AS A PERCENT |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarters ended: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 31 |
|
|
12.5 |
% |
|
|
87.5 |
% |
June 30 |
|
|
37.5 |
|
|
|
62.5 |
|
September 30 |
|
|
62.5 |
|
|
|
37.5 |
|
December 31 |
|
|
87.5 |
|
|
|
12.5 |
|
(3) |
The impact of impairment and other charges (credits), net between 2011 and 2010 positively impacted the one-year ROIIC by 3.4 percentage points.
|
Three-year ROIIC calculation (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years ended December 31, |
|
2011 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
Incremental change |
|
NUMERATOR: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating income |
|
$ |
8,529.7 |
|
|
$ |
6,442.9 |
|
|
$ |
2,086.8 |
|
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
1,415.0 |
|
|
|
1,207.8 |
|
|
|
207.2 |
|
Currency
translation(4) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.2 |
|
Incremental operating income plus depreciation and amortization (at constant
foreign exchange rates) |
|
|
$ |
2,294.2 |
|
DENOMINATOR: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted-average adjusted cash used for investing
activities(5) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
6,026.6 |
|
Currency
translation(4) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
38.1 |
|
Weighted-average adjusted cash used for investing activities (at constant foreign exchange rates) |
|
|
$ |
6,064.7 |
|
Three-year
ROIIC(6) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
37.8 |
% |
(4) |
Represents the effect of foreign currency translation by translating results at an average exchange rate for the periods measured. |
(5) |
Represents three-year weighted-average adjusted cash used for investing activities, determined by applying the weightings below to the adjusted cash used for investing
activities for each quarter in the four-year period ended December 31, 2011. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2011 |
|
Cash used for investing activities |
|
$ |
1,624.7 |
|
|
$ |
1,655.3 |
|
|
$ |
2,056.0 |
|
|
$ |
2,570.9 |
|
Less: Cash generated from investing activities related to |
|
Pret A Manger transaction |
|
|
(229.4 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Redbox transaction |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(144.9 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Adjusted cash used for investing activities |
|
$ |
1,854.1 |
|
|
$ |
1,800.2 |
|
|
$ |
2,056.0 |
|
|
$ |
2,570.9 |
|
AS A PERCENT |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarters ended: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 31 |
|
|
12.5 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
87.5 |
% |
June 30 |
|
|
37.5 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
|
62.5 |
|
September 30 |
|
|
62.5 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
|
37.5 |
|
December 31 |
|
|
87.5 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
|
12.5 |
|
(6) |
The impact of impairment and other charges (credits), net between 2011 and 2008 positively impacted the three year ROIIC by 1.2 percentage points.
|
McDonalds Corporation Annual Report
2011 25
RISK FACTORS AND CAUTIONARY STATEMENT ABOUT FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION
This report includes forward-looking statements about our plans and future performance, including those under Outlook for 2012. These statements use such words as
may, will, expect, believe and plan. They reflect our expectations and speak only as of the date of this report. We do not undertake to update them. Our expectations (or the underlying
assumptions) may change or not be realized, and you should not rely unduly on forward-looking statements. We have identified the principal risks and uncertainties that affect our performance elsewhere in this report, and investors are urged to
consider these risks and uncertainties when evaluating our historical and expected performance.
ITEM 7A. Quantitative
and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk are included in Part II, Item 7, page 22 of the Form 10-K.
ITEM 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
26 McDonalds Corporation Annual Report 2011
Consolidated Statement of Income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In millions, except per share data |
|
Years ended December 31, 2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2009 |
|
REVENUES |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sales by Company-operated restaurants |
|
$ |
18,292.8 |
|
|
$ |
16,233.3 |
|
|
$ |
15,458.5 |
|
Revenues from franchised restaurants |
|
|
8,713.2 |
|
|
|
7,841.3 |
|
|
|
7,286.2 |
|
Total revenues |
|
|
27,006.0 |
|
|
|
24,074.6 |
|
|
|
22,744.7 |
|
OPERATING COSTS AND EXPENSES |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Company-operated restaurant expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Food & paper |
|
|
6,167.2 |
|
|
|
5,300.1 |
|
|
|
5,178.0 |
|
Payroll & employee benefits |
|
|
4,606.3 |
|
|
|
4,121.4 |
|
|
|
3,965.6 |
|
Occupancy & other operating expenses |
|
|
4,064.4 |
|
|
|
3,638.0 |
|
|
|
3,507.6 |
|
Franchised restaurants-occupancy expenses |
|
|
1,481.5 |
|
|
|
1,377.8 |
|
|
|
1,301.7 |
|
Selling, general & administrative expenses |
|
|
2,393.7 |
|
|
|
2,333.3 |
|
|
|
2,234.2 |
|
Impairment and other charges (credits), net |
|
|
(3.9 |
) |
|
|
29.1 |
|
|
|
(61.1 |
) |
Other operating (income) expense, net |
|
|
(232.9 |
) |
|
|
(198.2 |
) |
|
|
(222.3 |
) |
Total operating costs and expenses |
|
|
18,476.3 |
|
|
|
16,601.5 |
|
|
|
15,903.7 |
|
Operating income |
|
|
8,529.7 |
|
|
|
7,473.1 |
|
|
|
6,841.0 |
|
Interest expense-net of capitalized interest of $14.0, $12.0 and $11.7 |
|
|
492.8 |
|
|
|
450.9 |
|
|
|
473.2 |
|
Nonoperating (income) expense, net |
|
|
24.7 |
|
|
|
21.9 |
|
|
|
(24.3 |
) |
Gain on sale of investment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(94.9 |
) |
Income before provision for income taxes |
|
|
8,012.2 |
|
|
|
7,000.3 |
|
|
|
6,487.0 |
|
Provision for income taxes |
|
|
2,509.1 |
|
|
|
2,054.0 |
|
|
|
1,936.0 |
|
Net income |
|
$ |
5,503.1 |
|
|
$ |
4,946.3 |
|
|
$ |
4,551.0 |
|
Earnings per common sharebasic |
|
$ |
5.33 |
|
|
$ |
4.64 |
|
|
$ |
4.17 |
|
Earnings per common sharediluted |
|
$ |
5.27 |
|
|
$ |
4.58 |
|
|
$ |
4.11 |
|
Dividends declared per common share |
|
$ |
2.53 |
|
|
$ |
2.26 |
|
|
$ |
2.05 |
|
Weighted-average shares outstandingbasic |
|
|
1,032.1 |
|
|
|
1,066.0 |
|
|
|
1,092.2 |
|
Weighted-average shares outstandingdiluted |
|
|
1,044.9 |
|
|
|
1,080.3 |
|
|
|
1,107.4 |
|
See Notes to consolidated financial statements.
McDonalds Corporation Annual Report
2011 27
Consolidated Balance Sheet
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In millions, except per share data |
|
December 31, 2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
ASSETS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and equivalents |
|
|
$ 2,335.7 |
|
|
$ |
2,387.0 |
|
Accounts and notes receivable |
|
|
1,334.7 |
|
|
|
1,179.1 |
|
Inventories, at cost, not in excess of market |
|
|
116.8 |
|
|
|
109.9 |
|
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
|
|
615.8 |
|
|
|
692.5 |
|
Total current assets |
|
|
4,403.0 |
|
|
|
4,368.5 |
|
Other assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investments in and advances to affiliates |
|
|
1,427.0 |
|
|
|
1,335.3 |
|
Goodwill |
|
|
2,653.2 |
|
|
|
2,586.1 |
|
Miscellaneous |
|
|
1,672.2 |
|
|
|
1,624.7 |
|
Total other assets |
|
|
5,752.4 |
|
|
|
5,546.1 |
|
Property and equipment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property and equipment, at cost |
|
|
35,737.6 |
|
|
|
34,482.4 |
|
Accumulated depreciation and amortization |
|
|
(12,903.1 |
) |
|
|
(12,421.8 |
) |
Net property and equipment |
|
|
22,834.5 |
|
|
|
22,060.6 |
|
Total assets |
|
|
$ 32,989.9 |
|
|
$ |
31,975.2 |
|
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts payable |
|
|
$ 961.3 |
|
|
$ |
943.9 |
|
Income taxes |
|
|
262.2 |
|
|
|
111.3 |
|
Other taxes |
|
|
338.1 |
|
|
|
275.6 |
|
Accrued interest |
|
|
218.2 |
|
|
|
200.7 |
|
Accrued payroll and other liabilities |
|
|
1,362.8 |
|
|
|
1,384.9 |
|
Current maturities of long-term debt |
|
|
366.6 |
|
|
|
8.3 |
|
Total current liabilities |
|
|
3,509.2 |
|
|
|
2,924.7 |
|
Long-term debt |
|
|
12,133.8 |
|
|
|
11,497.0 |
|
Other long-term liabilities |
|
|
1,612.6 |
|
|
|
1,586.9 |
|
Deferred income taxes |
|
|
1,344.1 |
|
|
|
1,332.4 |
|
Shareholders equity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Preferred stock, no par value; authorized 165.0 million shares; issued none |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common stock, $.01 par value; authorized 3.5 billion shares; issued 1,660.6 million shares |
|
|
16.6 |
|
|
|
16.6 |
|
Additional paid-in capital |
|
|
5,487.3 |
|
|
|
5,196.4 |
|
Retained earnings |
|
|
36,707.5 |
|
|
|
33,811.7 |
|
Accumulated other comprehensive income |
|
|
449.7 |
|
|
|
752.9 |
|
Common stock in treasury, at cost; 639.2 and 607.0 million shares |
|
|
(28,270.9 |
) |
|
|
(25,143.4 |
) |
Total shareholders equity |
|
|
14,390.2 |
|
|
|
14,634.2 |
|
Total liabilities and shareholders equity |
|
|
$ 32,989.9 |
|
|
$ |
31,975.2 |
|
See Notes to consolidated financial statements.
28 McDonalds Corporation Annual Report 2011
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In millions |
|
Years ended December 31, 2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2009 |
|
Operating activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income |
|
|
$ 5,503.1 |
|
|
$ |
4,946.3 |
|
|
$ |
4,551.0 |
|
Adjustments to reconcile to cash provided by operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Charges and credits: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
1,415.0 |
|
|
|
1,276.2 |
|
|
|
1,216.2 |
|
Deferred income taxes |
|
|
188.4 |
|
|
|
(75.7 |
) |
|
|
203.0 |
|
Impairment and other charges (credits), net |
|
|
(3.9 |
) |
|
|
29.1 |
|
|
|
(61.1 |
) |
Gain on sale of investment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(94.9 |
) |
Share-based compensation |
|
|
86.2 |
|
|
|
83.1 |
|
|
|
112.9 |
|
Other |
|
|
(78.7 |
) |
|
|
211.6 |
|
|
|
(347.1 |
) |
Changes in working capital items: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts receivable |
|
|
(160.8 |
) |
|
|
(50.1 |
) |
|
|
(42.0 |
) |
Inventories, prepaid expenses and other current assets |
|
|
(52.2 |
) |
|
|
(50.8 |
) |
|
|
1.0 |
|
Accounts payable |
|
|
35.8 |
|
|
|
(39.8 |
) |
|
|
(2.2 |
) |
Income taxes |
|
|
198.5 |
|
|
|
54.9 |
|
|
|
212.1 |
|
Other accrued liabilities |
|
|
18.7 |
|
|
|
(43.2 |
) |
|
|
2.1 |
|
Cash provided by operations |
|
|
7,150.1 |
|
|
|
6,341.6 |
|
|
|
5,751.0 |
|
Investing activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital expenditures |
|
|
(2,729.8 |
) |
|
|
(2,135.5 |
) |
|
|
(1,952.1 |
) |
Purchases of restaurant businesses |
|
|
(186.4 |
) |
|
|
(183.4 |
) |
|
|
(145.7 |
) |
Sales of restaurant businesses and property |
|
|
511.4 |
|
|
|
377.9 |
|
|
|
406.0 |
|
Proceeds on sale of investment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
144.9 |
|
Other |
|
|
(166.1 |
) |
|
|
(115.0 |
) |
|
|
(108.4 |
) |
Cash used for investing activities |
|
|
(2,570.9 |
) |
|
|
(2,056.0 |
) |
|
|
(1,655.3 |
) |
Financing activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net short-term borrowings |
|
|
260.6 |
|
|
|
3.1 |
|
|
|
(285.4 |
) |
Long-term financing issuances |
|
|
1,367.3 |
|
|
|
1,931.8 |
|
|
|
1,169.3 |
|
Long-term financing repayments |
|
|
(624.0 |
) |
|
|
(1,147.5 |
) |
|
|
(664.6 |
) |
Treasury stock purchases |
|
|
(3,363.1 |
) |
|
|
(2,698.5 |
) |
|
|
(2,797.4 |
) |
Common stock dividends |
|
|
(2,609.7 |
) |
|
|
(2,408.1 |
) |
|
|
(2,235.5 |
) |
Proceeds from stock option exercises |
|
|
334.0 |
|
|
|
463.1 |
|
|
|
332.1 |
|
Excess tax benefit on share-based compensation |
|
|
112.5 |
|
|
|
128.7 |
|
|
|
73.6 |
|
Other |
|
|
(10.6 |
) |
|
|
(1.3 |
) |
|
|
(13.1 |
) |
Cash used for financing activities |
|
|
(4,533.0 |
) |
|
|
(3,728.7 |
) |
|
|
(4,421.0 |
) |
Effect of exchange rates on cash and equivalents |
|
|
(97.5 |
) |
|
|
34.1 |
|
|
|
57.9 |
|
Cash and equivalents increase (decrease) |
|
|
(51.3 |
) |
|
|
591.0 |
|
|
|
(267.4 |
) |
Cash and equivalents at beginning of year |
|
|
2,387.0 |
|
|
|
1,796.0 |
|
|
|
2,063.4 |
|
Cash and equivalents at end of year |
|
|
$ 2,335.7 |
|
|
$ |
2,387.0 |
|
|
$ |
1,796.0 |
|
Supplemental cash flow disclosures |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest paid |
|
|
$ 489.3 |
|
|
$ |
457.9 |
|
|
$ |
468.7 |
|
Income taxes paid |
|
|
2,056.7 |
|
|
|
1,708.5 |
|
|
|
1,683.5 |
|
See Notes to consolidated financial statements.
McDonalds Corporation Annual Report
2011 29
Consolidated Statement of Shareholders Equity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common stock issued |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accumulated other
comprehensive income (loss) |
|
|
|
|
Common stock in treasury |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Additional paid-in capital |
|
|
Retained earnings |
|
|
|
|
Pensions |
|
|
Cash
flow hedging adjustment |
|
|
Foreign currency translation |
|
|
|
|
|
Total shareholders equity |
|
In millions, except per share data |
|
Shares |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2008 |
|
|
1,660.6 |
|
|
$ |
16.6 |
|
|
$ |
4,600.2 |
|
|
$ |
28,953.9 |
|
|
|
$ |
(98.1 |
) |
|
$ |
48.0 |
|
|
$ |
151.4 |
|
|
|
|
(545.3 |
) |
|
$ |
(20,289.4 |
) |
|
$ |
13,382.6 |
|
Net income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,551.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,551.0 |
|
Translation adjustments including net investment hedging (including taxes of
$47.2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
714.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
714.1 |
|
Adjustments to cash flow hedges (including tax benefits of $18.6) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(31.5 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(31.5 |
) |
Adjustments related to pensions (including tax benefits of $25.0) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(36.5 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(36.5 |
) |
Comprehensive income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5,197.1 |
|
Common stock cash dividends ($2.05 per share) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,235.5 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,235.5 |
) |
Treasury stock purchases |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(50.3 |
) |
|
|
(2,854.1 |
) |
|
|
(2,854.1 |
) |
Share-based compensation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
112.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
112.9 |
|
Stock option exercises and other (including tax benefits of $93.3) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
140.8 |
|
|
|
1.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11.7 |
|
|
|
288.7 |
|
|
|
430.9 |
|
Balance at December 31, 2009 |
|
|
1,660.6 |
|
|
|
16.6 |
|
|
|
4,853.9 |
|
|
|
31,270.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
(134.6 |
) |
|
|
16.5 |
|
|
|
865.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
(583.9 |
) |
|
|
(22,854.8 |
) |
|
|
14,033.9 |
|
Net income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,946.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,946.3 |
|
Translation adjustments including net investment hedging (including tax benefits of
$52.2) |
|
|
|
|
|
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(3.0 |
) |
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(3.0 |
) |
Adjustments to cash flow hedges (including tax benefits of $1.1) |
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(1.5 |
) |
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(1.5 |
) |
Adjustments related to pensions (including taxes of $3.5) |
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10.0 |
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10.0 |
|
Comprehensive income |
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4,951.8 |
|
Common stock cash dividends ($2.26 per share) |
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(2,408.1 |
) |
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