AS FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION ON APRIL 12, 2002
REGISTRATION NO. 333-
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
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FORM S-4
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
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GRAY COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
GEORGIA 4833 52-0285030
(State or other jurisdiction of (Primary Standard Industrial (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
incorporation or organization) Classification Code Number)
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4370 PEACHTREE ROAD, NE JAMES C. RYAN
ATLANTA, GEORGIA 30319 GRAY COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS, INC.
(404) 504-9828 4370 PEACHTREE ROAD, NE
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, ATLANTA, GEORGIA 30319
including area code, of registrant's principal executive (404) 504-9828
offices) (Name, address, including zip code, and telephone
number, including area code, of agent for service)
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COPIES TO:
ARNOLD S. JACOBS, ESQ. -- ROBERT A. CANTONE, ESQ.
PROSKAUER ROSE LLP
1585 BROADWAY
NEW YORK, NEW YORK 10036-8299
(212) 969-3000
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APPROXIMATE DATE OF COMMENCEMENT OF PROPOSED SALE TO THE PUBLIC: As soon as
practicable after the effective date of this Registration Statement.
If the securities being registered on this form are being offered in
connection with the formation of a holding company and there is compliance with
General Instruction G, check the following box. [ ]
If this form is filed to register additional securities for an offering
pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and
list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective
registration statement for the same offering. [ ]
If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d)
under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act
registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement
for the same offering. [ ]
TABLE OF ADDITIONAL REGISTRANTS
Each of the following subsidiaries of Gray Communications Systems, Inc., and
each other subsidiary that becomes a guarantor of the securities registered
hereby, is hereby deemed to be a registrant.
STATE OF PRIMARY STANDARD
INCORPORATION INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION I.R.S. EMPLOYER
NAME OR ORGANIZATION CODE NUMBER IDENTIFICATION NO.
----------------------------------------------- --------------- ------------------------- ------------------
The Albany Herald Publishing Company, Inc. Georgia 2711 58-1020695
Post Citizen Media, Inc. Georgia 2711 58-2113856
Gray Communications of Indiana, Inc. Georgia 2711 58-2443532
WEAU-TV, Inc. Georgia 4833 58-1048743
WVLT-TV, Inc. Georgia 4833 58-2256206
WRDW-TV, Inc. Georgia 4833 58-2165671
WITN-TV, Inc. Georgia 4833 58-2321711
Gray Kentucky Television, Inc. Georgia 4833 61-1267738
Gray Communications of Texas, Inc. Georgia 4833 58-2462154
Gray Communications of Texas -- Sherman, Inc. Georgia 4833 58-2462155
Gray Transportation Company, Inc. Georgia 7389 58-1162362
Gray Real Estate and Development Co. Georgia 7389 58-1653626
Gray Florida Holdings, Inc. Georgia 4833 58-2254140
KOLN/KGIN, Inc. Delaware 4833 31-1428060
WEAU Licensee Corp. Delaware 4833 38-3259567
KOLN/KGIN License, Inc. Delaware 4833 38-3259566
WJHG Licensee Corp. Delaware 4833 51-0376606
WCTV Licensee Corp. Delaware 4833 51-0376604
STATE OF PRIMARY STANDARD
INCORPORATION INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION I.R.S. EMPLOYER
NAME OR ORGANIZATION CODE NUMBER IDENTIFICATION NO.
----------------------------------------------- --------------- ------------------------- ------------------
WVLT Licensee Corp. Delaware 4833 51-0376774
WRDW Licensee Corp. Delaware 4833 51-0376822
WITN Licensee Corp. Delaware 4833 52-2042287
WKYT Licensee Corp. Delaware 4833 51-0376629
WYMT Licensee Corp. Delaware 4833 51-0377389
KWTX-KBTX Licensee Corp. Delaware 4833 51-0390044
KXII Licensee Corp. Delaware 4833 51-0390046
Gray Television Management, Inc. Delaware 4833 51-0376607
Gray MidAmerica Holdings, Inc. Delaware 4833 38-2750516
Gray Publishing, Inc. Delaware 2711 51-0407061
Gray Digital, Inc. Delaware 6799 51-0407051
KWTX-KBTX LP Corp. Delaware 4833 51-0390045
KXII LP Corp. Delaware 4833 51-0390237
Porta-Phone Paging Licensee Corp. Delaware 4812 51-0376605
KXII L.P. Delaware 4833 58-2486573
KWTX-KBTX L.P. Delaware 4833 58-2486577
Lynqx Communications, Inc. Louisiana 4899 72-1120956
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
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PROPOSED MAXIMUM
TITLE OF EACH CLASS OF AMOUNT TO BE PROPOSED MAXIMUM AGGREGATE OFFERING AMOUNT OF
SECURITIES TO BE REGISTERED REGISTERED OFFERING PRICE PER NOTE PRICE(1) REGISTRATION FEE(2)
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9.25% Senior Subordinated Notes due
2011...................................... $180,000,000 100% $180,000,000 $16,560
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Guarantees of 9.25% Senior Subordinated
Notes due 2011.......................... -- -- -- (3)
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(1) Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee
pursuant to Rule 457 under the Securities Act.
(2) Calculated pursuant to Rule 457(f)(2) under the Securities Act based on the
book value of the Notes as of March 31, 2002.
(3) Pursuant to Rule 457(n) under the Securities Act, no additional registration
fee is payable with respect to the Guarantees.
THE REGISTRANT HEREBY AMENDS THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT ON SUCH DATE OR
DATES AS MAY BE NECESSARY TO DELAY ITS EFFECTIVE DATE UNTIL THE REGISTRANT SHALL
FILE A FURTHER AMENDMENT WHICH SPECIFICALLY STATES THAT THIS REGISTRATION
STATEMENT SHALL THEREAFTER BECOME EFFECTIVE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 8(A) OF
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 OR UNTIL THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT SHALL BECOME
EFFECTIVE ON SUCH DATE AS THE COMMISSION, ACTING PURSUANT TO SAID SECTION 8(A),
MAY DETERMINE.
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THE INFORMATION IN THIS PROSPECTUS IS NOT COMPLETE AND MAY BE CHANGED. WE MAY
NOT SELL THESE SECURITIES UNTIL THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT FILED WITH THE
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WITH RESPECT TO THESE SECURITIES IS
EFFECTIVE. THIS PROSPECTUS IS NOT AN OFFER TO SELL THESE SECURITIES OR THE
SOLICITATION OF AN OFFER TO BUY THESE SECURITIES IN ANY JURISDICTION WHERE SUCH
OFFER OR SALE IS NOT PERMITTED.
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED APRIL 12, 2002
PROSPECTUS
GRAY COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS, INC.
OFFER TO EXCHANGE
ANY AND ALL OF OUR $180,000,000 PRINCIPAL AMOUNT OUTSTANDING
9.25% SENIOR SUBORDINATED NOTES DUE 2011
FOR
A LIKE PRINCIPAL AMOUNT OF
9.25% SENIOR SUBORDINATED NOTES DUE 2011
THAT HAVE BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
THIS EXCHANGE OFFER WILL EXPIRE AT 5:00 P.M.,
NEW YORK CITY TIME, ON , 2002
We are offering to exchange up to $180,000,000 in aggregate principal amount
of our 9.25% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2011 that have been registered under
the Securities Act of 1933, which we refer to as the "exchange notes," for our
existing 9.25% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2011, which we refer to as the
"original notes." We refer to both the original notes and the exchange notes as
the "notes." We are offering to issue the exchange notes to satisfy our
obligations contained in a registration rights agreement entered into when the
original notes were sold in transactions exempt from registration under the
Securities Act and therefore not registered with the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
The terms of the exchange notes are identical in all material respects to
the terms of the original notes that we issued on December 21, 2001, except that
the exchange notes are registered under the Securities Act and are freely
transferable. For a description of the terms of the exchange notes, see
"Description of Exchange Notes."
INFORMATION ABOUT THE NOTES
- The exchange notes will mature on December 15, 2011.
- Interest on the exchange notes will accrue from December 21, 2001 and we
will pay interest twice a year on June 15 and December 15, beginning
June 15, 2002.
- The exchange notes will be our unsecured senior subordinated obligations.
- The exchange notes will be guaranteed, jointly and severally, fully and
unconditionally, on a senior subordinated basis by each of the guarantors,
which presently consist of all of our subsidiaries.
- If we fail to make payments on the exchange notes, our subsidiary
guarantors must make them instead.
- Generally, we cannot redeem the exchange notes before December 15, 2006.
On and after that date, we may redeem them at the rates set forth on page
40 of this prospectus. However, before December 15, 2004, we can redeem up
to 35% of the original principal amount of the notes at 109.250% of their
principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, with the proceeds of
certain public equity offerings of our company.
- If we experience certain changes of control or sell specified assets, we
must offer to repurchase the exchange notes at 101% of their aggregate
principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest.
- The original notes have been designated for trading in the PORTAL Market.
To exchange your original notes for exchange notes:
- You must complete and send the letter of transmittal that accompanies this
prospectus to the Exchange Agent, Bankers Trust Company, by 5:00 p.m., New
York time, on , 2002.
- If your original notes are held in book-entry form at the Depository Trust
Company, or DTC, you must instruct DTC through your signed letter of
transmittal that you wish to exchange your original notes for exchange
notes. When the exchange offer closes, your DTC account will be changed to
reflect your exchange of original notes for exchange notes.
- You should read the section called "The Exchange Offer" for additional
information on how to exchange your original notes for exchange notes.
Each broker-dealer that receives exchange notes for its own account in the
exchange offer must acknowledge that it will deliver a prospectus in connection
with any resale of those exchange notes. The letter of transmittal states that
by so acknowledging and by delivering a prospectus, a broker-dealer will not be
deemed to admit that it is an "underwriter" within the meaning of the Securities
Act. This prospectus, as it may be amended or supplemented from time to time,
may be used by a broker-dealer in connection with resales of exchange notes
received in exchange for original notes where those original notes were acquired
by the broker-dealer as a result of market-making activities or other trading
activities. We have agreed that, during the 180-day period following the
consummation of the exchange offer, we will make this prospectus available to
any broker-dealer for use in connection with any such resale. See "Plan of
Distribution."
YOU SHOULD CONSIDER CAREFULLY THE RISK FACTORS BEGINNING ON PAGE 15 OF THIS
PROSPECTUS.
NEITHER THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION NOR ANY STATE SECURITIES
COMMISSION HAS APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED OF THE EXCHANGE NOTES TO BE DISTRIBUTED
IN THE EXCHANGE OFFER OR PASSED UPON THE ADEQUACY OR ACCURACY OF THIS
PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
The date of this prospectus is , 2002.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
----
INDUSTRY AND MARKET DATA.................................... i
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS.................................. i
NOTICE TO NEW HAMPSHIRE RESIDENTS........................... ii
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY.......................................... ii
RISK FACTORS................................................ 15
USE OF PROCEEDS............................................. 28
CAPITALIZATION.............................................. 28
DESCRIPTION OF OUTSTANDING INDEBTEDNESS..................... 29
THE EXCHANGE OFFER.......................................... 30
DESCRIPTION OF EXCHANGE NOTES............................... 37
REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT............................... 63
BOOK-ENTRY; DELIVERY AND FORM............................... 65
MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS............. 68
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION........................................ 72
LEGAL MATTERS............................................... 73
INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS..................................... 73
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION......................... 73
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INDUSTRY AND MARKET DATA
In this prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference, we rely on
and refer to information regarding market data obtained from internal surveys,
market research, publicly available information and industry publications.
Although we believe the information is reliable, we cannot guarantee the
accuracy or completeness of the information and have not independently verified
it.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus contains "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of
the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. When used in this
prospectus, the words "believes," "expects," "anticipates," "estimates" and
similar words and expressions are generally intended to identify forward-looking
statements. Statements that describe our future strategic plans, goals or
objectives are also forward-looking statements. Readers of this prospectus are
cautioned that any forward-looking statements, including those regarding the
intent, belief or current expectations of our management or us, are not
guarantees of future performance, results or events and involve risks and
uncertainties, and that actual results and events may differ materially from
those in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors
including, but not limited to:
- the factors described in "Risk Factors" beginning on page 15 of this
prospectus;
- general economic conditions in the markets in which we operate;
- competitive pressures in the markets in which we operate;
- the effect of future legislation or regulatory changes on our operations;
- high debt levels; and
- other factors described from time to time in our filings with the
Securities and Exchange Commission.
The forward-looking statements included in this prospectus are made only as
of the date hereof. We undertake no obligation to update these forward-looking
statements to reflect subsequent events or circumstances.
---------------------
We are "incorporating by reference" the documents listed below that we have
filed with the SEC, which means we can disclose important information to you by
referring you to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is
considered to be a part of this prospectus. We incorporate by reference (1) our
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2001, (2) our Current
Report on Form 8-K filed on January 8, 2002 and (3) all documents that we file
with the SEC under Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934 until the termination of this offering.
YOU MAY REQUEST A COPY OF THOSE FILINGS, AT NO COST, BY WRITING OR
TELEPHONING US AT THE FOLLOWING:
GRAY COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS, INC.
4370 PEACHTREE ROAD, NE
ATLANTA, GEORGIA 30319
ATTENTION: JAMES C. RYAN
TELEPHONE: (404) 504-9828
TO OBTAIN TIMELY DELIVERY OF THOSE MATERIALS, YOU MUST REQUEST THE
INFORMATION NO LATER THAN FIVE BUSINESS DAYS BEFORE THE EXPIRATION OF THE
EXCHANGE OFFER. THE DATE BY WHICH YOU MUST REQUEST THE INFORMATION IS
, 2002.
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NOTICE TO NEW HAMPSHIRE RESIDENTS
NEITHER THE FACT THAT A REGISTRATION STATEMENT OR AN APPLICATION FOR A
LICENSE HAS BEEN FILED UNDER RSA 421-B WITH THE STATE OF NEW HAMPSHIRE NOR THE
FACT THAT A SECURITY IS EFFECTIVELY REGISTERED OR A PERSON IS LICENSED IN THE
STATE OF NEW HAMPSHIRE CONSTITUTES A FINDING BY THE SECRETARY OF STATE OF THE
STATE OF NEW HAMPSHIRE THAT ANY DOCUMENT FILED UNDER RSA 421-B IS TRUE,
COMPLETE, AND NOT MISLEADING. NEITHER ANY SUCH FACT NOR THE FACT THAT AN
EXEMPTION OR EXCEPTION IS AVAILABLE FOR A SECURITY OR A TRANSACTION MEANS THAT
THE SECRETARY OF STATE HAS PASSED IN ANY WAY UPON THE MERITS OR QUALIFICATIONS
OF, OR RECOMMENDED OR GIVEN APPROVAL TO, ANY PERSON, SECURITY OR TRANSACTION. IT
IS UNLAWFUL TO MAKE, OR CAUSE TO BE MADE, TO ANY PROSPECTIVE INVESTOR, CUSTOMER
OR CLIENT ANY REPRESENTATION INCONSISTENT WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THIS PARAGRAPH.
ii
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY
In this prospectus, unless otherwise indicated, the words "Gray," "our,"
"us" and "we" refer to Gray Communications Systems, Inc. and its subsidiaries.
Unless otherwise indicated, all station rank, in-market share and television
household data contained in this prospectus are derived from the Nielsen Station
Index, Viewers in Profile, dated November 2001, as prepared by A.C. Nielsen
Company, which we will refer to as "Nielsen." Our discussion of the television
stations that we own and operate does not include our interest in the stations
owned by Sarkes Tarzian, Inc. The term "original notes" refers to the
unregistered 9.25% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2011 that were issued on
December 21, 2001 in a private placement exempt from registration under the
Securities Act of 1933. The term "exchange notes" refers to the registered 9.25%
Senior Subordinated Notes due 2011 that are offered by this prospectus. The term
"notes" refers to both the original notes and the exchange notes.
This summary highlights selected information from this document and the
materials incorporated by reference and does not contain all of the information
that is important to you. For a more complete understanding of this offering, we
encourage you to read this entire prospectus and the documents to which we have
referred you.
THE EXCHANGE OFFER
On December 21, 2001, we completed the private offering of an aggregate
principal amount of $180,000,000 of original notes. We entered into a
registration rights agreement with the initial purchasers of the original notes
in which we agreed, among other things, to deliver to you this prospectus and to
offer to exchange your original notes for exchange notes with substantially
identical terms. If this exchange offer is not completed by , 2002, we
will be required to pay you liquidated damages. You should read the discussion
under the heading "Description of Exchange Notes" for further information
regarding the exchange notes.
We believe the exchange notes issued in the exchange offer may be resold by
you without compliance with the registration and prospectus delivery provisions
of the Securities Act of 1933, subject to certain conditions. You should read
the discussion under the heading "The Exchange Offer" for further information
regarding the exchange offer and resale of the exchange notes.
BUSINESS OVERVIEW
We own and operate 13 network-affiliated television stations in 11
medium-sized markets in the Southeast, Southwest and Midwest United States.
Twelve of our 13 stations are ranked first in total viewing audience and news
audience, with the remaining station ranked second in total viewing audience and
third in news audience. Ten of the stations are affiliated with CBS Inc., or
"CBS," and three are affiliated with National Broadcasting Company, Inc., or
"NBC." We own and operate four daily newspapers, three located in Georgia and
one in Goshen, Indiana, with a total circulation of over 126,000. We also own
and operate a paging business located in the Southeast that had approximately
75,000 units in service at December 31, 2001. For the 12 months ended December
31, 2001, our total revenues and operating cash flow were $156.3 million and
$49.5 million, respectively.
We were incorporated in 1891 to publish the Albany Herald in Albany,
Georgia and entered the broadcasting industry in 1954. We have a dedicated and
experienced senior management team, which has an average of over 18 years
experience in the media industry.
BROADCASTING
Our television stations have leading market positions. We believe that our
market position and our strong local revenue stream have helped us to better
preserve our revenues in softer economic conditions versus our peer group. Our
properties have an extensive reach, covering a population of 7.3 million and an
estimated 2.7 million households. Two satellite stations, KGIN, Grand Island,
Nebraska and KBTX, Bryan, Texas,
1
expand the depth and breadth of our coverage in two of our markets. With 10 CBS
stations contributing approximately 2.1% of CBS's total national audience
distribution, we are one of the leading CBS-affiliated station group owners in
the United States.
Within our broadcasting segment, we operate a fleet of 13 mobile satellite
uplink units under the trade name "LYNQX." We provide our customers with C-band
and Ku-band satellite uplinks, video and data transmission and television
production services through LYNQX.
For the 12 months ended December 31, 2001, revenues and operating cash flow
before corporate and administrative expenses generated by our broadcasting
segment were $106.4 million and $40.8 million, respectively. During this
12-month period, approximately 88% of our broadcasting revenue came from the
sale of time to non-political national and local advertisers. Approximately 59%
of our broadcast revenues came from local advertising, 29% came from national
advertising, 6% came from network compensation payments under our network
affiliate agreements and our remaining revenues came from political advertising
and miscellaneous sources.
We own the following broadcast properties:
STATION
NETWORK COMMERCIAL STATION NEWS
BROADCAST DMA CONTRACT STATIONS IN RANK IN RANK IN
OPERATIONS MARKET RANK(1) AFFILIATION EXPIRATION DMA(2) DMA(3) DMA(3)
---------- ------------------------------- ------- ----------- ---------- ----------- ------- -------
WVLT(4)............. Knoxville, TN 62 CBS 12/31/04 5 2 3
WKYT................ Lexington, KY 66 CBS 12/31/04 6 1 1
WYMT(5)............. Hazard, KY 66 CBS 12/31/04 N/A 1 1
KWTX/KBTX(6)........ Waco-Temple-Bryan, TX 94 CBS 12/31/05 5 1 1
KOLN/KGIN(7)........ Lincoln-Hastings-Kearney, NE 102 CBS 12/31/05 5 1 1
WITN(4)(8).......... Greenville-New Bern- 106 NBC 12/31/11 6 1 1
Washington, NC
WCTV................ Tallahassee, FL-Thomasville, GA 113 CBS 12/31/04 5 1 1
WRDW................ Augusta, GA 114 CBS 3/31/05 6 1 1
WEAU(8)............. La Crosse-Eau Claire, WI 127 NBC 12/31/11 5 1 1
WJHG(8)............. Panama City, FL 159 NBC 12/31/11 3 1 1
KXII................ Sherman, TX-Ada, OK 160 CBS 12/31/05 2 1 1
LYNQX............... N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
% OF
2001
BROADCAST BROADCAST
OPERATIONS REVENUE
---------- ---------
WVLT(4)............. 10%
WKYT................ 15%
WYMT(5)............. 4%
KWTX/KBTX(6)........ 14%
KOLN/KGIN(7)........ 10%
WITN(4)(8).......... 8%
WCTV................ 11%
WRDW................ 8%
WEAU(8)............. 7%
WJHG(8)............. 5%
KXII................ 6%
LYNQX............... 2%
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(1) Ranking of DMA served by a station among all DMAs is measured by the number
of television households based within the DMA by Nielsen for the 2001-2002
broadcast season. "DMA" refers to a station's designated market area.
(2) Includes independent broadcasting stations and excludes satellite stations
such as KBTX and KGIN.
(3) Based on management's review of the Nielsen Station Index, Viewers in
Profile, dated November 2001, for the period from Sunday through Saturday,
7:00 a.m. through 1:00 a.m., as prepared by Nielsen.
(4) Tied in "Station Rank in DMA."
(5) The market area served by WYMT is an 18-county trading area, as defined by
Nielsen, and is included in the Lexington, Kentucky DMA. WYMT's station rank
is based upon its rating position in the 18-county trading area.
(6) KBTX is a VHF station located in Bryan, Texas and is operated primarily as a
satellite station of KWTX, which is located in Waco, Texas.
(7) KGIN is a VHF station located in Grand Island, Nebraska and is operated
primarily as a satellite station of KOLN, which is located in Lincoln,
Nebraska.
(8) We have reached preliminary agreements with NBC regarding the extension of
the NBC affiliates' contracts to December 11, 2011; we are currently working
with NBC to finalize the definitive affiliation agreements.
2
PUBLISHING
We own and operate four daily newspapers, located in Georgia and Indiana.
In the aggregate, our newspapers have over 126,000 daily subscribers. Seeking to
build a loyal readership and to distinguish our newspapers from other
publications, we focus our papers on local news, sports and lifestyle.
For the 12 months ended December 31, 2001, revenues and operating cash flow
before corporate and administrative expenses generated by our publishing segment
were $41.2 million and $9.4 million, respectively. During this 12-month period,
retail advertising at 49% comprised the largest percent of our publishing
revenue, while classifieds accounted for 30%, circulation revenue accounted for
19% and miscellaneous revenue accounted for 2%.
We own the following newspapers:
CIRCULATION % OF 2001
--------------- PUBLISHING
PROPERTY NAME MARKET DAILY SUNDAY REVENUE
------------- -------------------- ------ ------ ----------
Gwinnett Daily Post....................... Gwinnett County, GA 65,000 65,000 39%
The Albany Herald......................... Southwest GA 28,000 31,000 37%
The Goshen News........................... Elkhart County, IN 16,000 16,000 13%
The Rockdale Citizen/Newton Citizen....... Rockdale County, GA/ 17,000 17,000 11%
Newton County, GA
PAGING/WIRELESS MESSAGING
Our paging business, which we acquired in September 1996, is based in
Tallahassee, Florida and operates in Columbus, Macon, Albany, Thomasville,
Savannah and Valdosta, Georgia, in Dothan, Alabama, in Tallahassee, Gainesville,
Orlando and Panama City, Florida and in certain contiguous areas. Our paging
operations had approximately 75,000 units in service as of December 31, 2001.
For the 12 months ended December 31, 2001, revenues and operating cash flow
before corporate and administrative expenses generated by our paging segment
were $8.7 million and $2.9 million, respectively.
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
On December 3, 2001, we exercised an option to acquire 301,119 shares of
the outstanding common stock of Sarkes Tarzian, Inc., which we will refer to as
Tarzian, from Bull Run Corporation, our principal shareholder. Bull Run had
purchased these same shares from U.S. Trust Company of Florida Savings Bank as
Personal Representative of the Estate of Mary Tarzian in January 1999.
The acquired shares of Tarzian represent 33.5% of the total outstanding
common stock of Tarzian, both in terms of the number of shares of common stock
outstanding and in terms of voting rights, but represent 73% of the equity of
Tarzian for purposes of dividends, if paid, as well as distributions in the
event of any liquidation, dissolution or other sale of Tarzian.
Tarzian is a closely held private company that owns and operates two
television stations and four radio stations: WRCB-TV Channel 3 in Chattanooga,
Tennessee, an NBC affiliate; KTVN-TV Channel 2 in Reno, Nevada, a CBS affiliate;
WGCL-AM and WTTS-FM in Bloomington, Indiana; and WAJI-FM and WLDE-FM in Fort
Wayne, Indiana. The Chattanooga and Reno markets are the 86th and the 110th
largest television markets in the United States, respectively, as ranked by
Nielsen.
We paid $10 million to Bull Run to complete the acquisition of the 301,119
shares of Tarzian. We previously capitalized and paid to Bull Run $3.2 million
of costs associated with our option to acquire these shares.
In connection with our option agreement with Bull Run, we granted warrants
to Bull Run to purchase up to 100,000 shares of our class B common stock at
$13.625 per share, which vested upon our exercise of the option to purchase the
Tarzian shares. The warrants expire on December 3, 2011.
3
On February 12, 1999, Tarzian filed a complaint against Bull Run and the
Estate in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Indiana.
Tarzian claims that it had a binding and enforceable contract to purchase the
Tarzian shares from the Estate prior to Bull Run's purchase of the shares, and
requests judgment providing that its contract be enforced. On May 3, 1999, the
action was dismissed without prejudice against Bull Run, leaving the Estate as
the sole defendant. The litigation between the Estate and Tarzian is ongoing and
we cannot predict when the final resolution of the litigation will occur. The
purchase agreement with the Estate provides that if a court of competent
jurisdiction awards title to the Tarzian shares to a person or entity other than
the purchaser, the purchase agreement will be rescinded. In that event, the
Estate will be required to pay for the benefit of Gray, as successor in interest
to the purchaser, the full $10 million purchase price, plus interest. See "Risk
Factors -- Risks Related to Our Business."
On January 2, 2002, we dismissed Ernst & Young LLP as our principal
independent accountants. Effective January 7, 2002, we retained
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as our principal independent accountants.
In January 2002 we reached a preliminary agreement with NBC on the terms of
a new 10-year affiliation agreement for WJHG. The agreement extends WJHG's
affiliation with NBC until December 31, 2011. Effective January 1, 2002, WJHG no
longer receives network compensation payments from NBC under the affiliation
agreement. In addition, we have preliminarily agreed with NBC to extend the
existing affiliation agreements for WITN and WEAU until December 31, 2011. The
network aggregate compensation payments made by NBC to WITN and WEAU will remain
generally consistent with the terms of the existing agreements until June 30,
2006 for WITN and December 31, 2005 for WEAU, after which times NBC will cease
making further compensation payments. We are working with NBC to finalize the
definitive agreements with respect to these revised NBC affiliation agreements.
On March 1, 2002, our Board of Directors declared the following dividends,
each of which was paid on March 29, 2002, to the applicable holders of record on
March 15, 2002: (1) a dividend of $0.02 per share on our class A and class B
common stock; (2) a dividend of $200.00 per share on our series A preferred
stock; and (3) a dividend of $150.00 per share on our series B preferred stock.
The total preferred stock dividends for the quarter ended March 31, 2002, which
were paid pursuant to the terms of the preferred stock, aggregated $154,000.
On April 1, 2002, Stations Holding Company, Inc., which we will refer to as
Stations, the parent company of Benedek Broadcasting Corporation, which we will
refer to as Benedek, and we executed a letter of intent which contemplates that
we will acquire all of the capital stock of Stations for $500 million in cash
less the amount of consolidated indebtedness of Stations and its subsidiaries,
adjusted for intervening sales by Stations of selected stations.
Benedek currently operates 22 television stations, which produced in 2001
net revenue of approximately $138.1 million and broadcasting cash flow of
approximately $47.5 million, excluding its station in Wheeling, West Virginia.
Benedek's affiliated stations -- 10 CBS, 7 ABC, 4 NBC and 1 FOX -- are located
in 21 markets. Benedek has previously announced that its Wheeling, West Virginia
station will be sold in a separate pending transaction.
Benedek's and our combined station groups would comprise a total of 35
stations with 20 CBS affiliates, 7 NBC affiliates, 7 ABC affiliates and 1 FOX
affiliate. These station groups currently have 24 stations ranked number one in
viewing audience within their respective markets and reach in excess of 6% of
total U.S. TV households. In addition, with 20 CBS affiliated stations, the
combined company would be the largest non-network owner of CBS affiliates in the
country. Based on results for the year ended December 31, 2001, the Gray and
Benedek television stations on a combined basis would have produced
approximately $244.5 million of revenue and $88.3 million of broadcast cash
flow. Including our publishing and other operations, the Gray and Benedek
operations for 2001 on a combined basis would have produced approximately $294.4
million of revenue and $100.6 million of media cash flow.
Information about Benedek is based on information supplied by Benedek to
us. We have not yet reviewed Benedek's finances and operations, and therefore
are not in a position to verify its accuracy at this time.
4
We intend to finance the acquisition by issuing a combination of debt and
equity securities. We are considering raising the equity financing through a
follow-on public offering of our common stock. The transaction, if it closes,
would likely be completed by the fourth quarter of 2002.
The acquisition is subject to execution of a definitive agreement, as well
as approval by, among others, the Federal Communications Commission, or FCC, of
the transfer of control of Benedek's television licenses. The transaction is
also subject to the approval of the United States bankruptcy court in Delaware
with jurisdiction over the reorganization of Stations, which filed a petition
under Chapter 11 of the Federal Bankruptcy Code on March 22, 2002. We cannot
guarantee that a definitive agreement will be entered into, that all required
approvals will be obtained or that the transaction contemplated by the letter of
intent can or will be consummated.
---------------------
We are a Georgia corporation formed in 1891. Our principal offices are
located at 4370 Peachtree Road, NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30319, and our telephone
number is (404) 504-9828.
5
SUMMARY OF THE EXCHANGE OFFER
The following is a summary of the principal terms of the exchange offer. A
more detailed description is contained in the section entitled "The Exchange
Offer."
Securities to be
Exchanged.................. On December 21, 2001, we issued $180 million in
aggregate principal amount of original notes to the
initial purchasers in a transaction exempt from the
registration requirements of the Securities Act of
1933. The terms of the exchange notes and the
original notes are substantially identical in all
material respects, except that the exchange notes
have been registered under the Securities Act and
are freely transferable. See "Description of
Exchange Notes" and "Registration Rights
Agreement."
The Exchange Offer......... We are offering $1,000 principal amount of exchange
notes in exchange for each $1,000 principal amount
of original notes. As of the date hereof, original
notes representing $180 million in aggregate
principal amount are outstanding. In order to
exchange your original notes, you must properly
tender them before the expiration of the exchange
offer. See "The Exchange Offer -- Terms of the
Exchange Offer."
Registration Rights
Agreement.................. We sold the original notes on December 21, 2001 in
a private placement in reliance on Section 4(2) of
the Securities Act of 1933. The original notes were
immediately resold by the initial purchasers in
reliance on Rule 144A and Regulation S under the
Securities Act of 1933. In connection with the
sale, we entered into a registration rights
agreement with the initial purchasers of the
original notes requiring us to make the exchange
offer. The registration rights agreement provides
that we must use our best efforts to (1) cause the
registration statement with respect to the exchange
offer to be declared effective within 210 days (by
July 29, 2002) of the date on which we issued the
original notes and (2) consummate the exchange
offer within 30 days from the date the exchange
offer registration statement is declared effective.
Under circumstances specified in the registration
rights agreement, we may be required to file a
"shelf" registration statement for a continuous
offering pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities
Act of 1933 in respect of the original notes or the
exchange notes. See "Registration Rights
Agreement."
Expiration Date............ The exchange offer will expire at 5:00 p.m., New
York City time, on , 2002, or such later
date and time to which it may be extended. See "The
Exchange Offer -- Terms of the Exchange Offer."
Withdrawal................. The tender of the original notes in the exchange
offer may be withdrawn at any time prior to 5:00
p.m., New York City time, on , 2002, or
such later date and time to which we may extend the
exchange offer. See "The Exchange
Offer -- Withdrawal Rights."
Interest on the Exchange
Notes and the Original
Notes...................... Interest on the exchange notes will accrue from
December 21, 2001 or from the date of the last
payment of interest on the original notes,
whichever is later. No additional interest will be
paid on original notes tendered and accepted for
exchange. See "The Exchange Offer --
6
Acceptance of Original Notes For Exchange; Delivery
of Exchange Notes."
Conditions to the Exchange
Offer...................... The exchange offer is subject to customary
conditions, certain of which may be waived by us.
See "The Exchange Offer -- Conditions to Exchange
Offer."
Procedures for Tendering
Original Notes............. Each holder of original notes wishing to accept the
exchange offer must complete, sign and date the
letter of transmittal accompanying this prospectus,
or a copy, in accordance with the instructions
contained in this prospectus and the letter of
transmittal, and mail or otherwise deliver the
letter of transmittal, or the copy, together with
the original notes and all other required
documentation, to the exchange agent at the
applicable address set forth in this prospectus.
Anyone holding original notes through the
Depository Trust Company, or DTC, and wishing to
accept the exchange offer must do so pursuant to
DTC's Automated Tender Offer Program, by which each
tendering holder will agree to be bound by the
letter of transmittal. By executing or agreeing to
be bound by the letter of transmittal, each holder
will represent to us that, among other things:
- the exchange notes acquired in the exchange offer
are being obtained in the ordinary course of
business of the person receiving the exchange
notes, whether or not that person is the
registered holder of the original notes;
- the holder is not engaging in and does not intend
to engage in a distribution of the exchange
notes;
- the holder does not have an arrangement or
understanding with any person to participate in a
distribution of the exchange notes; and
- the holder is not an "affiliate," as defined in
Rule 405 under the Securities Act of 1933, of
ours.
We will accept for exchange any and all original
notes that are properly tendered, and not
withdrawn, in the exchange offer prior to 5:00
p.m., New York City time, on , 2002, or
such later date and time to which we may extend the
exchange offer. The exchange notes issued in the
exchange offer will be delivered promptly following
the expiration date. Any original notes not
accepted for exchange for any reason will be
returned to the tendering holder as soon as
practicable after the expiration or termination of
the exchange offer. See "The Exchange Offer --
Procedures For Tendering Original Notes" and "The
Exchange Offer -- Acceptance of Original Notes for
Exchange; Delivery of Exchange Notes."
Guaranteed Delivery
Procedures................. If a holder of original notes desires to tender
original notes and the original notes are not
immediately available, or time will not permit the
holder's original notes or other required documents
to reach the exchange agent before the expiration
date of the exchange offer, or the procedure for
book-entry transfer cannot be completed on a timely
basis,
7
a tender of the original notes may be effected by
following the procedures set forth in "The Exchange
Offer -- Guaranteed Delivery Procedures."
Resale of Exchange Notes... Based on interpretations by the staff of the
Securities and Exchange Commission, as set forth in
no-action letters issued to third parties unrelated
to us, we believe that exchange notes issued in the
exchange offer in exchange for original notes may
be offered for resale, resold or otherwise
transferred by holders (other than any holder which
is our "affiliate" within the meaning of Rule 405
promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, or a
broker-dealer that purchased original notes
directly from us to resell pursuant to Rule 144A or
any other available exemption promulgated under the
Securities Act of 1933), without compliance with
the registration and prospectus delivery
requirements of the Securities Act of 1933,
provided that the exchange notes are acquired in
the ordinary course of those holders' business and
those holders have no intention, or arrangement or
understanding with any person, to participate in a
distribution of the exchange notes. However, we
have not submitted a no-action letter to the SEC.
We cannot be sure that the staff of the SEC would
make a similar determination with respect to the
exchange offer as in these other circumstances. If
our belief is not accurate and you transfer an
exchange note without delivering a prospectus
meeting the requirements of the Securities Act of
1933 or without an exemption from those
requirements, you may incur liability under the
Securities Act of 1933. We do not and will not
assume, or indemnify you against, such liability.
Furthermore, each holder, other than a
broker-dealer, must acknowledge that it is not
engaged in, and does not intend to engage in, a
distribution of the exchange notes and has no
arrangement or understanding to participate in a
distribution of the exchange notes. Each
broker-dealer that receives exchange notes for its
own account in the exchange offer in exchange for
original notes acquired by it as a result of
market-making activities or other trading
activities must acknowledge that it will comply
with the prospectus delivery requirements of the
Securities Act of 1933 in connection with any
resale of the exchange notes, may not rely on the
staff's interpretations discussed above, and must
comply with the prospectus delivery requirements of
the Securities Act of 1933 in order to resell the
exchange notes. See "The Exchange Offer -- Resale
of Exchange Notes."
Exchange Agent............. Bankers Trust Company is serving as exchange agent
in connection with the exchange offer. See "The
Exchange Offer -- Exchange Agent."
Federal Income Tax
Considerations............. The exchange of original notes for exchange notes
in the exchange offer should not constitute a sale
or an exchange for federal income tax purposes. See
"Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations."
Use of Proceeds............ We will not receive any cash from the exchange of
the original notes. See "Use of Proceeds."
Effect of Not Tendering.... Original notes that are not tendered or that are
tendered but not accepted will, following the
completion of the exchange offer, continue to be
subject to the existing restrictions upon transfer.
Except as noted above,
8
we will have no further obligation to provide for
the registration under the Securities Act of 1933
of those original notes. See "Risk Factors -- Risks
Related to the Exchange Offer."
Dissenters' Rights......... You will not have dissenters' rights or appraisal
rights in connection with the exchange offer. See
"The Exchange Offer -- Appraisal Rights."
9
SUMMARY OF THE EXCHANGE NOTES
The form and terms of the exchange notes to be issued in the exchange offer
are the same as the form and terms of the original notes, except that the
exchange notes will be registered under the Securities Act of 1933 and,
accordingly, will not bear legends restricting their transfer. The exchange
notes to be issued in the exchange offer will evidence the same debt as the
original notes, and both the original notes and the exchange notes are governed
by the same indenture.
The summary below describes the principal terms of the notes. Some of the
terms and conditions described below are subject to important limitations and
exceptions. For a more detailed description of the terms and conditions of the
notes, see the section entitled "Description of Exchange Notes."
Issuer..................... Gray Communications Systems, Inc.
Securities Offered......... $180.0 million principal amount of 9.25% senior
subordinated notes due 2011
Maturity Date.............. December 15, 2011
Interest Rate.............. 9.25% per year (calculated using a 360-day year)
Interest Payment Dates..... June 15 and December 15 of each year, beginning on
June 15, 2002
Optional Redemption........ We may redeem:
- all or part of the original principal amount of
the notes beginning on December 15, 2006, at the
redemption prices stated in "Description of
Exchange Notes -- Redemption" plus accrued and
unpaid interest;
- up to 35% of the original principal amount of the
notes at any time prior to December 15, 2004 at a
price of 109.250% of the principal amount of the
notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, with the
proceeds of certain public equity offerings of
our company; and
- all but not part of the notes at any time prior
to December 15, 2006 at a price equal to 100% of
the principal amount thereof plus accrued and
unpaid interest, if any, to the date of
redemption plus a make whole premium based upon
the present value of the remaining payments on
the notes.
Change of Control.......... Upon a change in control, defined as the
acquisition by any persons of beneficial ownership
of more than 35% of the voting power of the
outstanding shares of our common stock, transfers
of substantially all of our assets, certain
substantial changes in our Board of Directors,
certain consolidations or mergers of our company
involving a significant change in shareholdings or
the liquidation of our company, we will be required
to make an offer to repurchase all of the
outstanding notes at 101% of the aggregate
principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid
interest to the date of purchase. Under certain
circumstances, we may not be required to make a
Change of Control Offer (as defined). See
"Description of Exchange Notes -- Change of
Control."
Ranking and
Subordination.............. The notes are our general unsecured obligations
subordinated in right of payment to all of our
existing and future senior indebtedness, including
all of our obligations under our senior secured
credit facility. As of December 31, 2001, we had
senior indebtedness of $217.5 million and an
additional $32.5 million of unused availability
under our senior
10
secured credit facility. See "Description of
Exchange Notes -- Subordination."
Subsidiary Guarantees...... The notes are guaranteed, jointly and severally,
fully and unconditionally, on a senior subordinated
basis by each of the guarantors, which consist of
all of our subsidiaries. The obligations of a
guarantor under its guarantee of the notes are
subordinated in right of payment, to the same
extent as our obligations under the notes, to all
existing and future senior indebtedness of such
guarantor, which includes any guarantee by it of
our indebtedness under our senior secured credit
facility.
Basic Indenture
Covenants.................. The indenture governing the notes contains certain
covenants that, among other things, limit our
ability to (1) transfer or issue shares of capital
stock of subsidiaries to third parties, (2) pay
dividends or make certain other payments, (3) incur
additional indebtedness, (4) issue preferred stock,
(5) incur liens to secure our indebtedness, (6)
apply net proceeds from certain asset sales, (7)
enter into certain transactions with affiliates or
(8) merge with or into any other person. See
"Description of Exchange Notes -- Covenants."
Exchange Offer;
Registration Rights........ We agreed to offer to exchange the original notes
for a new issue of substantially identical debt
securities registered under the Securities Act of
1933 as evidence of the same underlying obligation
of indebtedness. This exchange offer is in
satisfaction of that agreement. We have also agreed
to provide a shelf registration statement to cover
resales of the outstanding notes under specified
circumstances. If we fail to satisfy these
obligations, we have agreed to pay liquidated
damages to holders of the outstanding notes under
specified circumstances until we satisfy our
obligations. See "Registration Rights Agreement."
11
SELECTED HISTORICAL CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA
Set forth below is our selected historical consolidated financial data. The
financial data was derived from the audited consolidated financial statements
included in our Annual Reports on Form 10-K for the fiscal years ended December
31, 2001, December 31, 2000, as amended, December 31, 1999 and December 31, 1998
and from other information and data contained in the Annual Reports. More
comprehensive financial information is included in the Annual Reports. The
financial information that follows is qualified in its entirety by reference to,
and should be read in conjunction with, the Annual Reports and all of the
financial statements and related notes contained in the Annual Reports.
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------------------------------
1997(1) 1998(2) 1999(3) 2000 2001
-------- -------- -------- -------- --------
(AUDITED)
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS DATA:
Revenues
Broadcast (less agency commissions)............. $ 72,300 $ 91,007 $ 97,015 $120,640 $106,430
Publishing...................................... 24,536 29,330 37,808 41,499 41,189
Paging.......................................... 6,712 8,553 9,130 9,074 8,725
-------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Total revenues.................................... 103,548 128,890 143,953 171,213 156,344
Operating expenses
Broadcast, publishing and paging................ 65,771 82,783 93,994 105,314 104,025
Corporate and administrative.................... 2,528 3,063 3,448 3,594 3,615
Depreciation and amortization................... 14,519 18,117 24,451 31,207 30,824
-------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Total operating expenses.......................... 82,818 103,963 121,893 140,115 138,464
Operating income.................................. 20,730 24,927 22,060 31,098 17,880
Gain on disposition of television stations........ -- 72,646 -- -- --
Valuation adjustments of goodwill and other
assets.......................................... -- (2,074) -- -- --
Depreciation in value of derivative, net.......... -- -- -- -- (1,581)
Miscellaneous income (expense), net............... (31) (242) 336 780 194
-------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Income before interest expense and income taxes... 20,699 95,257 22,396 31,878 16,493
Interest expense.................................. 21,861 25,454 31,021 39,957 35,783
-------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Income (loss) before income taxes................. (1,162) 69,803 (8,625) (8,079) (19,290)
Income tax expense (benefit)...................... 240 28,144 (2,310) (1,867) (5,972)
-------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Net income (loss)................................. (1,402) 41,659 (6,315) (6,212) (13,318)
Preferred dividends............................... 1,410 1,318 1,010 1,012 616
Non-cash preferred dividends associated with
preferred stock redemption...................... -- 3,360 -- 2,160 --
-------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Net income (loss) available to common
stockholders.................................... $ (2,812) $ 36,981 $ (7,325) $ (9,384) $(13,934)
======== ======== ======== ======== ========
Basic earnings per common share(4):
Net income (loss) available to common
stockholders.................................. $ (0.24) $ 3.10 $ (0.57) $ (0.61) $ (0.89)
Diluted earnings per common share(4):
Net income (loss) available to common
stockholders.................................. $ (0.24) $ 2.98 $ (0.57) $ (0.61) $ (0.89)
OTHER DATA:
Operating cash flow(5)............................ $ 35,533 $ 43,561 $ 47,496 $ 62,653 $ 49,459
Operating cash flow margin(5)..................... 34.3% 33.8% 33.0% 36.6% 31.6%
12
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------------------------------
1997(1) 1998(2) 1999(3) 2000 2001
-------- -------- -------- -------- --------
(AUDITED)
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
Cash flows provided by (used in):
Operating activities............................ $ 9,744 $ 20,074 $ 20,842 $ 22,765 $ 20,473
Investing activities............................ (57,498) (55,299) (126,780) (8,276) (189,815)
Financing activities............................ 49,071 34,744 105,839 (14,061) 167,685
Capital expenditures.............................. 10,372 9,271 11,712 5,702 11,243
Cash dividends per common share(6)................ 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.08 0.08
Ratio of total debt to operating cash flow(7)..... 6.4x 6.2x 8.0x 6.0x 8.0x
Ratio of operating cash flow to interest
expense......................................... 1.6 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.4
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges................ 0.9 3.7 0.7 0.8 0.5
Pro forma ratio of earnings to fixed charges...... 1.0 3.8 0.7 0.8 0.5
BALANCE SHEET DATA (AT END OF PERIOD):
Total intangible assets, net...................... $263,425 $376,015 $526,433 $511,616 $497,311
Total assets(7)................................... 345,051 468,974 658,157 636,772 794,337
Long-term debt (including current portion) (7).... 227,076 270,655 381,702 374,887 551,444
Total stockholders' equity........................ 92,295 126,703 168,188 155,961 142,196
---------------
(1) Reflects the operating results of our acquisition of substantially all of
the assets of WITN-TV and our acquisition of all of the outstanding common
stock of GulfLink Communications, Inc. as of their respective acquisition
dates, August 1, 1997 and April 24, 1997.
(2) Reflects the operating results of our acquisition of all of the outstanding
capital stock of Busse Broadcasting Corporation and our related acquisition
of the assets of WEAU-TV in exchange for the assets of WALB-TV as of July
31, 1998, the closing date of the respective transactions. See Note B to our
audited consolidated financial statements incorporated by reference in this
prospectus.
(3) Reflects the operating results of our acquisition of all of the outstanding
capital stock of KWTX Broadcasting Company and Brazos Broadcasting Company,
as well as the assets of KXII Broadcasters Ltd., completed on October 1,
1999, and our acquisition of substantially all of the assets of The Goshen
News from News Printing Company, Inc. and its affiliates, completed on March
1, 1999, as of their respective acquisition dates. See Note B to our audited
consolidated financial statements incorporated by reference in this
prospectus.
(4) On August 20, 1998, our board of directors declared a 50% stock dividend,
payable on September 30, 1998, to stockholders of record of our class A
common stock and class B common stock on September 16, 1998. This stock
dividend effected a three-for-two stock split. All applicable share and per
share data have been adjusted to give effect to the stock split.
(5) Operating cash flow is defined as operating income, plus depreciation and
amortization (including amortization of program broadcast rights) and
non-cash compensation, less payments for program broadcast obligations.
Operating cash flow margin is defined as operating cash flow divided by
revenues. We have included operating cash flow and operating cash flow
margin because such data is commonly used as measures of performance for
media companies and is also used by investors to measure a company's ability
to service debt. Operating cash flow and operating cash flow margin are not,
and should not, be used as indicators of, or alternatives to, operating
income, net income or cash flow as reflected in our consolidated financial
statements. Operating cash flow and operating cash flow margin are not
measures of financial performance under generally accepted accounting
principles and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for
measures of performance prepared in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles.
(6) Cash dividends were $0.08 per common share for all five periods; however,
the amounts for 1997 and 1998 have been adjusted for a three-for-two stock
split in 1998, which is discussed in Note (4) above.
13
(7) On December 21, 2001, we deposited $168.6 million with the trustee of our
10 5/8% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2006 to redeem those notes, including
payment of principal, the applicable premium costs and accrued interest
through the redemption date of January 22, 2002. Total assets includes the
$168.6 million reflected as restricted cash for redemption of long-term debt
and long-term debt (including current portion) includes the related $155.2
million of our 10 5/8% notes that were extinguished on January 22, 2002. The
ratio of total debt to operating cash flow of 8.0x is calculated on a pro
forma basis, which excludes the $155.2 million of our 10 5/8% notes. If the
$155.2 million of our 10 5/8% notes were included in the total debt amount
used to calculate the ratio of total debt to operating cash flow, the ratio
would be 11.1x.
14
RISK FACTORS
This offering involves a high degree of risk. You should consider carefully
the risks described below, together with the other information included or
incorporated by reference in this prospectus, before you make a decision to
participate in the exchange offer. If any of the following risks actually
occurs, our business, financial condition, operating results and prospects could
be materially adversely affected, which in turn could adversely affect our
ability to repay the notes.
RISKS RELATED TO THE EXCHANGE OFFER
HOLDERS THAT DO NOT EXCHANGE THEIR ORIGINAL NOTES HOLD RESTRICTED SECURITIES.
If you do not exchange your original notes for exchange notes, your ability
to sell your original notes will be restricted.
If you do not exchange your original notes for exchange notes in the
exchange offer, you will continue to be subject to the restrictions on transfer
described in the legend on your original notes. The restrictions on transfer of
your original notes arise because we issued the original notes in a transaction
not subject to the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and
applicable state securities laws. In general, you may only offer or sell the
original notes if they are registered under the Securities Act and applicable
state securities laws or offered or sold pursuant to an exemption from those
requirements. If you are still holding any original notes after the expiration
date of the exchange offer and the exchange offer has been consummated, you will
not be entitled to have those original notes registered under the Securities Act
or to any similar rights under the registration rights agreement, subject to
limited exceptions, if applicable. After the exchange offer is completed, we
will not be required, and we do not intend, to register the original notes under
the Securities Act. In addition, if you exchange your original notes in the
exchange offer for the purpose of participating in a distribution of the
exchange notes, you may be deemed to have received restricted securities and, if
so, will be required to comply with the registration and prospectus delivery
requirements of the Securities Act in connection with any resale transaction. To
the extent original notes are tendered and accepted in the exchange offer, the
trading market, if any, for the original notes would be adversely affected.
HOLDERS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR COMPLIANCE WITH EXCHANGE OFFER PROCEDURES.
You are responsible for complying with all exchange offer procedures. If
you do not comply with the exchange offer procedures, you will be unable to
obtain the exchange notes.
We will issue exchange notes in exchange for your original notes only after
we have timely received your original notes, along with a properly completed and
duly executed letter of transmittal and all other required documents. Therefore,
if you want to tender your original notes in exchange for exchange notes, you
should allow sufficient time to ensure timely delivery. Neither we nor the
exchange agent has any duty to inform you of any defects or irregularities in
the tender of your original notes for exchange. The exchange offer will expire
at 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on , 2002, or on a later extended
date and time as we may decide. See "The Exchange Offer -- Procedures For
Tendering Original Notes."
REQUIREMENTS FOR TRANSFER OF EXCHANGE NOTES.
Even the exchange notes, in your hands, may not be freely tradable.
Based on interpretations by the staff of the Securities and Exchange
Commission set forth in no-action letters issued to third parties, we believe
that you may offer for resale, resell and otherwise transfer the exchange notes
without compliance with the registration and prospectus delivery provisions of
the Securities Act, subject to certain limitations. These limitations include
that you are not an "affiliate" of ours within the meaning of Rule 405 under the
Securities Act, that you acquired your exchange notes in the ordinary course of
your business and that you are not engaging in and do not intend to engage in,
and have no arrangement or understanding with any person to participate in, the
distribution of your exchange notes. However, we have not submitted a no-action
letter to the SEC regarding this exchange offer and we cannot assure you that
the
15
SEC would make a similar determination with respect to this exchange offer. If
you are an affiliate of ours, are engaged in or intend to engage in, or have any
arrangement or understanding with respect to, a distribution of the exchange
notes to be acquired in the exchange offer, you will be subject to additional
limitations. See "The Exchange Offer -- Resale of the Exchange Notes."
RISKS RELATED TO THE NOTES
WE DEPEND ON THE CASH FLOW OF OUR SUBSIDIARIES TO SATISFY OUR OBLIGATIONS,
INCLUDING OUR OBLIGATIONS UNDER THE NOTES.
Our operations are conducted through our direct and indirect wholly-owned
subsidiaries, which guarantee the notes, jointly and severally, fully and
unconditionally, on an unsecured senior subordinated basis. As a holding
company, we own no significant assets other than our equity in our subsidiaries,
and we are dependent upon the cash flow of our subsidiaries to meet our
obligations. Accordingly, our ability to make interest and principal payments
when due to holders of the notes and our ability to purchase the notes upon a
change of control is dependent upon the receipt of sufficient funds from our
subsidiaries, which may be restricted by the terms of any senior indebtedness of
our subsidiaries, including the terms of existing and future guarantees of our
indebtedness given by our subsidiaries. There can be no assurance that the funds
received from our subsidiaries will be adequate to allow us to make payments on
the notes. As a result, the notes and the subsidiary guarantees effectively are
subordinated to all senior indebtedness and other liabilities and commitments of
our subsidiaries.
YOUR RIGHT TO RECEIVE PAYMENT ON THE NOTES AND UNDER THE GUARANTEES IS JUNIOR TO
ALL OF OUR AND THE GUARANTORS' SENIOR DEBT.
All indebtedness under our senior secured credit facility is secured by
substantially all of our assets, as well as the assets of our subsidiaries.
Additionally, the notes and the guarantees are subordinated to the claims of the
lenders under our senior secured credit facility.
In the event that we or a guarantor is declared bankrupt, becomes insolvent
or is liquidated or reorganized, any debt that ranks ahead of the notes and the
guarantees will be entitled to be paid in full in cash or cash equivalents or in
any other manner acceptable to holders of senior debt from our assets or the
assets of the guarantor, as applicable, before any payment may be made with
respect to the notes or under the affected guarantees. In any of these events,
we cannot assure you that we would have sufficient assets to pay amounts due on
the notes. As a result, holders of the notes may receive less, proportionally,
than the holders of debt that is senior to the notes and the guarantees. The
subordination provisions of the indenture also provide that we can make no
payment to you during the continuance of payment defaults on our senior debt,
and payments to you may be suspended for a period of up to 179 days if a
nonpayment default exists under our senior debt. See "Description of Exchange
Notes -- Subordination" for additional information.
At December 31, 2001, the notes and the guarantees would have ranked junior
to $217.5 million of our and our subsidiaries' senior debt and an additional
$32.5 million of unused availability would have been available to borrow,
subject to specified borrowing conditions, under our senior secured credit
facility. In addition, our indenture and our senior secured credit facility
permit, subject to specified limitations, the incurrence of additional
indebtedness, which may be senior indebtedness. If we incur such additional
indebtedness, the risks described above could intensify. See "Description of
Exchange Notes -- Covenants" and "Description of Outstanding Indebtedness" for
additional information.
OUR INDEBTEDNESS COULD MATERIALLY AND ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR BUSINESS AND PREVENT
US FROM FULFILLING OUR OBLIGATIONS UNDER THE NOTES.
We are highly leveraged and have significant fixed debt service obligations
in addition to our operating expenses. Our indebtedness could have significant
adverse effects on our business. For example, it could:
- increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry
conditions or a downturn in our business;
16
- reduce the availability of our cash flow to fund working capital, capital
expenditures and other general business purposes;
- limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our
industries, making us more vulnerable to economic downturns and limiting
our ability to withstand competitive pressure;
- place us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our competitors that
have less debt; and
- limit our ability to borrow additional funds.
If our indebtedness affects our operations in these ways, our business,
financial condition and results of operations could suffer, making it more
difficult for us to satisfy our obligations under the notes. Furthermore, the
indenture governing the notes and our senior secured credit facility permit us
to incur substantial amounts of additional debt in specified circumstances. If
we incur additional debt in the future, the related risks could intensify.
COVENANT RESTRICTIONS UNDER THE INDENTURE MAY LIMIT OUR ABILITY TO OPERATE OUR
BUSINESS.
The indenture governing the notes contains covenants that may restrict our
ability and the guarantors' ability to finance future operations or capital
needs or to engage in other business activities.
In addition, the indenture governing the notes restricts, among other
things, our ability and the guarantors' ability to:
- incur additional indebtedness;
- make specified restricted payments;
- make specified asset sales;
- incur liens;
- engage in intra-company transactions, such as the payment of dividends
and the making of loans or advances;
- engage in transactions with affiliates;
- issue and sell capital stock of our subsidiaries; and
- engage in a merger, consolidation or sale of substantial assets.
We cannot assure you that we will meet the covenants in the indenture or
that the holders of the notes that are party to the indenture will waive any
failure to meet these covenants. A breach of any of these covenants would result
in a default under the indenture, and may in turn result in a default under our
senior secured credit facility. If an event of default occurs under our senior
secured credit facility and continues beyond any applicable cure period, the
lenders could elect to declare all amounts outstanding thereunder, together with
accrued interest, to be immediately due and payable. If our indebtedness were to
be accelerated, there can be no assurance that we would be able to pay it. Such
acceleration would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition.
See the sections "Description of Outstanding Indebtedness" and "Description of
Exchange Notes."
THE GUARANTEES MAY NOT BE ENFORCEABLE BECAUSE OF FRAUDULENT CONVEYANCE LAWS.
We are a holding company with no direct operations and no significant
assets other than the stock of our subsidiaries. We will depend on funds from
our subsidiaries to meet our obligations, including cash interest payments on
the notes. If a court voids the guarantees, your right as a holder of notes to
participate in any distribution of the assets of any of our subsidiaries upon
the liquidation, reorganization or insolvency of a subsidiary will be subject to
the prior claims of that subsidiary's creditors.
Our subsidiaries' guarantees may be subject to review under U.S. federal
bankruptcy laws or relevant state fraudulent conveyance laws if a bankruptcy
case or lawsuit is commenced by or on behalf of the
17
guarantors' unpaid creditors. Although laws differ among various jurisdictions,
in general under fraudulent conveyance laws a court could subordinate or avoid a
guarantee if it is found that:
- the debt under the guarantee was incurred with the actual intent to
hinder, delay or defraud creditors; or
- a guarantor did not receive reasonably equivalent value or fair
consideration for its guarantee and a guarantor:
- was insolvent or was rendered insolvent because of its guarantee;
- was engaged, or about to engage, in a business or transaction for
which its remaining assets constituted unreasonably small capital; or
- intended to incur, or believed that we or it would incur, debts beyond
its ability to pay upon maturity (as all of the foregoing terms are
defined in or interpreted under the relevant fraudulent transfer or
conveyance statutes).
It may be asserted that, since the guarantors incurred their guarantees for
our benefit, they incurred the obligations under the guarantees for less than
reasonably equivalent value or fair consideration.
The standards for determining insolvency for purposes of the foregoing
considerations will vary depending upon the law of the jurisdiction that is
being applied in any such proceeding. Generally, a company would be considered
insolvent if, at the time it issued the guarantee, either:
- the sum of its debts, including contingent liabilities, is greater than
its assets, at fair valuation; or
- the present fair saleable value of its assets is less than the amount
required to pay the probable liability on its total existing debts and
liabilities, including contingent liabilities, as they become absolute
and matured.
We believe that, at the time the guarantors initially incurred the debt
represented by the guarantees, the guarantors were not insolvent or rendered
insolvent by the incurrence of the debt, lacking sufficient capital to run their
businesses effectively or unable to pay obligations on the guarantees as they
mature or become due.
In reaching the foregoing conclusions, we have relied upon our analyses of
internal cash flow projections and estimated values of the assets and
liabilities of the guarantors. We cannot assure you, however, that a court
passing on the same questions would reach the same conclusions.
If a guarantee is voided as a fraudulent conveyance or found to be
unenforceable for any other reason, you will not have a claim against that
particular guarantor and you will only be a creditor of any guarantor whose
obligation was not set aside or found to be unenforceable.
THERE MAY BE NO ACTIVE TRADING MARKET FOR THE EXCHANGE NOTES TO BE ISSUED IN THE
EXCHANGE OFFER.
There is no existing market for the exchange notes. We cannot assure you
with respect to:
- the liquidity of any market for the exchange notes that may develop;
- your ability to sell exchange notes; or
- the price at which you will be able to sell the exchange notes.
If a public market were to exist, the exchange notes could trade at prices
that may be higher or lower than their principal amount or purchase price,
depending on many factors, including the number of holders of the exchange
notes, prevailing interest rates, the market for similar notes, our financial
performance and prospects and the prospects for companies in our industry
generally. We do not intend to list the exchange notes to be issued to you in
the exchange offer on any securities exchange or to seek approval for quotations
through any automated quotation system. No active market for the exchange notes
is currently anticipated. The initial purchasers of the original notes have
advised us that they currently anticipate making a secondary market for the
exchange notes, but they are not obligated to do so and may discontinue making a
market at
18
any time without notice. We cannot assure you that an active or liquid public
trading market will develop for the exchange notes.
WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO FINANCE A CHANGE OF CONTROL OFFER REQUIRED BY THE
INDENTURE.
If we were to experience a change of control, the indenture governing the
notes requires us to offer to purchase all of the notes then outstanding at 101%
of their principal amount, plus accrued interest to the date of purchase. If a
change of control were to occur, we cannot assure you that we would have
sufficient funds to purchase the notes. The purchase of the notes may require
additional third-party financing and we cannot assure you that we would be able
to obtain that financing on favorable terms or at all.
In addition, our senior secured credit facility restricts our ability to
purchase the notes, even when we are required to do so by the indenture in
connection with a change of control. Furthermore, similar change of control
events will result in an event of default under our senior secured credit
facility and could cause the acceleration of our debt thereunder. The inability
to repay that debt, if accelerated, and to purchase all of the tendered notes in
the event of a change of control, would constitute an event of default under the
indenture.
We may enter into transactions, including acquisitions, refinancings or
recapitalizations, or highly leveraged transactions, that do not constitute a
change of control under the indenture governing the notes. Any of these
transactions may result in an increase in our debt or otherwise affect our
capital structure, harm our credit ratings or have a material adverse effect on
holders of the notes.
THE GUARANTORS MAY BE RELEASED UNDER CERTAIN CIRCUMSTANCES.
Any guarantee of a guarantor may be released if we sell, exchange or
transfer the stock of that guarantor or substantially all of its assets to a
non-affiliate and the guarantor no longer guarantees any of our other debt. The
indenture also permits us to sell a majority interest and retain a minority
interest in a subsidiary engaged in our paging or satellite business and not
require that subsidiary to remain as a guarantor of the notes.
BECAUSE A SIGNIFICANT PORTION OF OUR ASSETS ARE INTANGIBLE, THEY MAY HAVE LITTLE
VALUE UPON A LIQUIDATION.
Our assets consist primarily of intangible assets, including affiliation
agreements with television networks such as NBC and CBS and FCC licenses, the
value of which will depend significantly upon the success of our business and
the financial prospects of the television broadcasting and paging industries in
general. If we default on our indebtedness, or if we are liquidated, the value
of these assets may not be sufficient to satisfy our obligations to our
creditors and debtholders, including the holders of the notes.
RISKS RELATED TO OUR BUSINESS
WE HAVE RECORDED NET LOSSES IN THE LAST THREE YEARS AND THESE LOSSES MAY
CONTINUE.
We have recorded net losses in the last three years. Our losses are
primarily due to increased operating expenses, higher amortization and
depreciation costs, increased interest expense relating to our acquisitions and,
in 2001, declining advertising revenue caused, in large part, by the weaker
economic environment and the cyclical decline in broadcast political revenue.
Our net losses may continue for these reasons and also because of the phasing
out of network compensation payments under certain of our network affiliation
agreements.
In September 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued
Statements of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141, "Business Combinations,"
and No. 142, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets," effective for fiscal years
beginning after December 15, 2001. Under the new rules, goodwill and intangible
assets deemed to have indefinite lives will no longer be amortized but will be
subject to annual impairment tests in accordance with these Statements. Other
intangible assets will continue to be amortized over their useful lives. We were
required to adopt the new rules effective January 1, 2002. During 2002, we will
perform the first of the required impairment tests of goodwill and indefinite
lived intangible assets as of
19
January 1, 2002. We have not yet determined what the effect of these tests will
be on our earnings and financial position.
WE DEPEND ON ADVERTISING REVENUES, WHICH HAVE DECREASED RECENTLY AS A RESULT OF
A NUMBER OF FACTORS AND ALSO EXPERIENCE SEASONAL FLUCTUATIONS.
Our main source of revenue is sales of advertising time and space. Our
ability to sell advertising time and space depends on:
- the health of the economy in the areas where our stations and newspapers
are located and in the nation as a whole;
- the popularity of our programming and newspapers;
- changes in the makeup of the population in the areas where our stations
and newspapers are located;
- pricing fluctuations in local and national advertising;
- the activities of our competitors, including increased competition from
other forms of advertising-based mediums, particularly network, cable
television, direct satellite television and the Internet; and
- other factors that may be beyond our control.
For example, a labor dispute or other disruption at a major national advertiser,
or a recession in a particular market, would make it more difficult to sell
advertising time and space and could reduce our revenue.
In addition, our results are subject to seasonal fluctuations, which
typically result in fourth quarter broadcast operating income being greater than
first, second and third quarter broadcast operating income. This seasonality is
primarily attributable to increased expenditures by advertisers in anticipation
of holiday season spending and an increase in viewership during this period.
Furthermore, revenues from political advertising are significantly higher in
even-numbered years.
THE EVENTS OF SEPTEMBER 11, 2001 EXACERBATED A WEAK ADVERTISING MARKET.
Before the events of September 11, 2001, our revenues had declined compared
to the previous year in part because of a soft advertising market resulting from
a weak overall economic environment. The terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001
caused advertising revenues to decline further as a result of 24-hour
commercial-free news coverage and uncertainty in the wake of these attacks. The
terrorist attacks led to the pre-emption and cancellation of advertisements,
which we estimate caused a $1.0 million revenue loss in our broadcasting segment
and a $50,000 revenue loss in our publishing segment during the quarter ended
September 30, 2001. Any similar attack in the future could produce significant
declines in our revenues.
OUR FLEXIBILITY IS LIMITED BY PROMISES WE HAVE MADE TO OUR LENDERS UNDER OUR
SENIOR SECURED CREDIT FACILITY.
Our existing senior secured credit facility prevents us from taking certain
actions and requires us to meet certain tests. These limitations and tests
include the following:
- limitations on liens;
- limitations on additional debt;
- limitations on dividends and distributions;
- limitations on management and consulting fees;
- limitations on stock repurchases;
- limitations on transactions with affiliates;
- limitations on guarantees;
- limitations on asset sales;
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- limitations on sale-leaseback transactions;
- limitations on acquisitions;
- limitations on changes in our business;
- limitations on mergers and other corporate reorganizations;
- limitations on loans, investments and advances, including investments in
joint ventures and foreign subsidiaries; and
- financial ratio and condition tests.
These restrictions and tests may prevent us from taking action that could
increase the value of our securities, or may require actions that decrease the
value of our securities. In addition, we may fail to meet the tests and thereby
default under our senior secured credit facility (particularly if the economy
continues to soften and thereby reduce our advertising revenues). If we default
on our obligations, creditors could require immediate payment of the obligations
or foreclose on collateral. If this happened, we could be forced to sell assets
or take other action that would reduce the value of our securities.
SERVICING OUR DEBT WILL REQUIRE A SIGNIFICANT AMOUNT OF CASH, AND OUR ABILITY TO
GENERATE SUFFICIENT CASH DEPENDS ON MANY FACTORS, SOME OF WHICH ARE BEYOND OUR
CONTROL.
Our ability to service our debt depends on our ability to generate
significant cash flow in the future. This, to some extent, is subject to general
economic, financial, competitive, legislative and regulatory factors as well as
other factors that are beyond our control. In addition, the ability to borrow
funds under our senior secured credit facility in the future will depend on our
meeting the financial covenants in that agreement. We cannot assure you that our
business will generate cash flow from operations, or that future borrowings will
be available to us under our senior secured credit facility or otherwise, in an
amount sufficient to enable us to pay our debt or to fund other liquidity needs.
If we are not able to generate sufficient cash flow to service our debt
obligations, we may need to refinance or restructure our debt, sell assets,
reduce or delay capital investments, or seek to raise additional capital.
Additional debt or equity financing may not be available in sufficient amounts
or on terms acceptable to us, or at all. If we are unable to implement one or
more of these alternatives, we may not be able to service our debt obligations,
including making payments on the notes.
WE MUST PURCHASE NON-NETWORK TELEVISION PROGRAMMING IN ADVANCE BUT CANNOT
PREDICT IF A PARTICULAR SHOW WILL BE POPULAR ENOUGH TO COVER ITS COST.
One of our most significant costs is non-network television programming. If
a particular non-network program is not popular in relation to its costs, we may
not be able to sell enough advertising time to cover the costs of the program.
Since we purchase non-network programming content from others, we also have
little control over the costs of such programming. We usually must purchase
non-network programming several years in advance, and may have to commit to
purchase more than one year's worth of non-network programming. In addition, we
may replace programs that are doing poorly before we have recaptured any
significant portion of the costs we incurred, or fully expensed the costs for
financial reporting purposes. Any of these factors could reduce our revenues or
otherwise cause our costs to escalate relative to revenues.
WE MAY LOSE A LARGE AMOUNT OF TELEVISION PROGRAMMING IF A NETWORK TERMINATES ITS
AFFILIATION WITH US OR IF CONTRACTS ARE RENEWED WITH LOWER OR NO COMPENSATION
PAYMENTS.
Our business depends in large part on the success of our network
affiliations. Each of our stations is affiliated with a major network pursuant
to an affiliation agreement. Each affiliation agreement provides the affiliated
station with the right to broadcast all programs transmitted by the network with
which the station is affiliated. In exchange for every hour that a station
elects to broadcast network programming, the network pays the station a specific
network compensation fee, which varies with the time of day. For the 12 months
ended December 31, 2001, this network compensation comprised 6% of our
broadcasting revenue.
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The preliminary NBC affiliation agreements we recently entered into for
WJHG, WITN and WEAU expire on December 31, 2011. The CBS affiliation agreements
expire as follows: (1) WVLT, WKYT, WYMT and WCTV, on December 31, 2004; (2)
WRDW, on March 31, 2005; and (3) KWTX, KBTX, KOLN, KGIN and KXII, on December
31, 2005.
The CBS affiliation agreements for KWTX, KBTX and KXII were renegotiated
during the fourth quarter of 2000 and the agreements were extended through
December 31, 2005. As a result of these negotiations, network compensation for
KWTX, KBTX and KXII is being phased out over 2001 and 2002. In addition, our new
NBC affiliation agreement for WJHG does not provide for any network compensation
payments by NBC after December 31, 2001. Furthermore, our recent extensions of
the WITN and WEAU agreements through December 31, 2011 do not provide for any
network compensation payments during the extended terms of those agreements,
which begin after June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively.
As evidenced by these negotiations, we may not be able to enter into new
affiliation agreements that provide us with as much compensation from the
networks as our present agreements. In addition, if we do not enter into
affiliation agreements to replace any expiring agreements, we may no longer be
able to carry programming of the relevant network. This loss of programming
would require us to obtain replacement programming, which may involve higher
costs and which may not be as attractive to our target audiences. Furthermore,
our concentration of CBS affiliates makes us sensitive to adverse changes in our
business relationship with, and the general success of, CBS.
COMPETITION FROM OTHER BROADCASTERS AND OTHER SOURCES MAY CAUSE OUR ADVERTISING
SALES TO GO DOWN OR OUR COSTS TO GO UP.
We face intense competition in our industry and markets from the following:
Television Industry. Competition in the television industry exists on
several levels: competition for audience; competition for programming, including
news; and competition for advertisers. Additional factors that are material to a
television station's competitive position include signal coverage and assigned
frequency.
Audience. Stations compete for audience based on program popularity, which
has a direct effect on advertising rates. A substantial portion of the daily
programming on each of our stations is supplied by the network affiliate. During
those periods, the stations are totally dependent upon the performance of the
network programs to attract viewers. There can be no assurance that this
programming will achieve or maintain satisfactory viewership levels in the
future. Non-network time periods are programmed by the station with a
combination of self-produced news, public affairs and other entertainment
programming, including news and syndicated programs purchased for cash, cash and
barter, or barter only, and involve significant costs.
In addition, the development of methods of television transmission of video
programming other than over-the-air broadcasting and, in particular, cable
television have significantly altered competition for audiences in the
television industry. These other transmission methods can increase competition
for a broadcasting station by bringing into its market distant broadcasting
signals not otherwise available to the station's audience and also by serving as
a distribution system for non-broadcasting programming.
Technological innovation and the resulting proliferation of programming
alternatives, such as home entertainment systems, "wireless cable" services,
satellite master antenna television systems, low power television stations,
television translator stations, direct broadcast satellite, video distribution
services, pay-per-view and the Internet, have fractionalized television viewing
audiences and have subjected free over-the-air television broadcast stations to
new types of competition.
Programming. Competition for programming involves negotiating with
national program distributors or syndicators that sell first-run and rerun
packages of programming. Each station competes against the broadcast station
competitors in its market for exclusive access to off-network reruns, such as
Seinfeld, and first-run product, such as Entertainment Tonight. Cable systems
generally do not compete with local stations for programming, although various
national cable networks from time to time have acquired programs that would have
otherwise been offered to local television stations. Competition exists for
exclusive news stories and features as well.
22
Advertising. Advertising rates are based upon the size of the market in
which the station operates, a station's overall ratings, a program's popularity
among the viewers that an advertiser wishes to attract, the number of
advertisers competing for the available time, the demographic makeup of the
market served by the station, the availability of alternative advertising media
in the market area, aggressive and knowledgeable sales forces and the
development of projects, features and programs that tie advertiser messages to
programming. Advertising revenues comprise the primary source of revenues for
our stations. Our stations compete for advertising revenues with other
television stations in their respective markets. The stations also compete for
advertising revenues with other media, such as newspapers, radio stations,
magazines, outdoor advertising, transit advertising, yellow page directories,
direct mail, Internet and local cable systems. Competition for advertising
dollars in the broadcasting industry occurs primarily within individual markets.
Deregulation. Recent changes in law have also increased competition. The
Telecommunications Act of 1996 created greater flexibility and removed some
limits on station ownership. The prices for stations have risen as a result.
Telephone, cable and some other content providers are also free to provide video
services in competition with us. The FCC is actively reviewing its ownership
rules and further deregulation could lead to industry consolidation that could
pose new competitive challenges in the markets in which we operate.
Future technology under development. Cable providers and direct broadcast
satellite companies are developing new techniques that allow them to transmit
more channels on their existing equipment. These so-called "video compression
techniques" will reduce the cost of creating channels, and may lead to the
division of the television industry into ever more specialized niche markets.
Video compression is available to us as well, but competitors who target
programming to such sharply defined markets may gain an advantage over us for
television advertising revenues. Lowering the cost of creating channels may also
encourage new competitors to enter our markets and compete with us for
advertising revenue.
Newspaper Industry. Our newspapers compete for advertisers with a number
of other media outlets, including magazines, Internet, radio and television, as
well as other newspapers, which also compete for readers with our publications.
One of our newspaper competitors is significantly larger than us and operates in
two of our newspaper markets. New technological media for the delivery of news
and information, such as the Internet, have fragmented historical newspaper
audiences and subjected newspaper companies to new types of competition.
Paging Industry. The paging industry is highly competitive. Companies in
the industry compete on the basis of price, coverage area offered to
subscribers, available services offered in addition to basic numeric or tone
paging, transmission quality, system reliability and customer service.
Our primary competitors include those paging companies that provide
wireless service in the same geographic areas in which we operate. We experience
competition from one or more competitors in all locations in which we operate.
Some of our competitors have greater financial and other resources than we have.
Our paging services also compete with other wireless communications
services such as cellular service. The typical customer uses paging as a
low-cost wireless communications alternative either on a stand-alone basis or in
conjunction with cellular services. However, future technological developments
in the wireless communications industry and enhancements of current technology
could create new products and services, such as personal communications services
and mobile satellite services, which are competitive with the paging services we
currently offer. Recent and proposed regulatory changes by the FCC are aimed at
encouraging these technological developments and new services and promoting
competition. There can be no assurance that our paging business would not be
adversely affected by these technological developments or regulatory changes.
THE PHASED INTRODUCTION OF DIGITAL TELEVISION WILL INCREASE OUR CAPITAL AND
OPERATING COSTS AND MAY EXPOSE US TO INCREASED COMPETITION.
The FCC has adopted rules and regulations that require television stations
to implement digital television service, including high definition, in the
United States. Under current regulations, all commercial television
23
stations in the United States must start broadcasting in digital format by May
2002 and must abandon the present analog format by 2006, although the FCC may
extend these dates. As of December 31, 2001, two of our stations were
broadcasting in digital format. A third station began digital broadcasting in
February 2002 and a fourth is anticipated to begin by May 2002. The FCC
developed a streamlined method for stations to seek extensions of the May
deadline in early 2002. Our remaining nine stations have been granted six-month
extensions to the May 2002 deadline. The extensions will need to be renewed if
the stations are not broadcasting in digital format by the time they expire. We
currently expect that all of our stations will be broadcasting in digital format
by the end of 2002. The stations that do not begin broadcasting in digital
format by their extended deadlines could be subject to fines. If the stations do
not eventually begin broadcasting in digital format, the stations could lose
their digital allocation and be required to cease broadcasting at the end of the
transition period when the analog spectrum is reclaimed.
During a transition period, each existing analog television station will be
permitted to operate a second station that will broadcast using the digital
standard. During this transition, stations broadcasting in digital format will
be allowed to operate at reduced power and to limit their hours of operation to
conserve costs. After completion of the transition period, the FCC will reclaim
the non-digital channels.
There is considerable uncertainty about the final form of the FCC digital
regulations. Even so, we believe that these new developments may have the
following effects on us:
Signal quality issues. Certain industry tests have indicated that the
digital standard mandated (which mandate was recently reaffirmed) by the
FCC, 8-level vestigial sideband (8-VSB), is currently unable to provide for
reliable reception of a DTV signal through a simple indoor antenna. Absent
improvements in DTV receivers, or an FCC ruling allowing us to use an
alternative standard, continued reliance on the 8-VSB digital standard may
not allow us to provide the same reception coverage with our digital
signals as we can with our current analog signals. Furthermore, the FCC
generally has made available much higher power allocations to digital
stations that will replace stations on existing channels 2 through 13 than
digital stations that will replace stations on existing channels 14 through
69. This power disparity could put us at a disadvantage to our competitors
that now operate on channels 2 through 13.
Because of this poor reception quality and coverage, we may be forced to
rely on cable television or other alternative means of transmission to
deliver our digital signals to all of the viewers we are able to reach with
our current analog signals. While the FCC ruled that cable companies are
required to carry the signals of digital-only television stations, the
agency has tentatively concluded, subject to additional inquiry, that cable
companies should not be required to carry both the analog and digital
signals of stations during the transition period when stations will be
broadcasting in both modes. If the FCC does not require this, cable
customers in our broadcast markets may not receive our digital signal,
which could negatively impact our stations.
Capital and operating costs. We will incur costs to replace equipment
in our stations in order to provide digital television. Even with the
flexible operating requirements, some of our stations will also incur
increased utilities costs as a result of converting to digital operations.
We cannot be certain we will be able to increase revenues to offset these
additional costs.
Conversion and programming costs. We expect to incur approximately
$31.4 million in costs, of which we have incurred approximately $10.6
million through December 31, 2001, to convert our stations from the current
analog format to digital format. This $31.4 million amount includes a
capital lease of approximately $2.5 million for tower facilities at
WVLT-TV, our station in Knoxville, Tennessee. However, our aggregate costs
may be higher than this estimate. We also may incur additional costs to
obtain programming for the additional channels made available by digital
technology. Increased revenues from the additional channels may not make up
for the conversion costs and additional programming expenses. Also,
multiple channels programmed by other stations could increase competition
in our markets.
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CERTAIN DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS MAY BE SUBJECT TO POTENTIAL CONFLICTS.
J. Mack Robinson, President, Chief Executive Officer and a director of
Gray, is Chairman of the Board of Bull Run Corporation, our principal
stockholder, and the beneficial owner of approximately 23.4% of Bull Run's
common stock. Robert S. Prather, Jr., Executive Vice President-Acquisitions and
a director of Gray, is President, Chief Executive Officer and a director of Bull
Run and the beneficial owner of approximately 8.4% of Bull Run's common stock.
Hilton H. Howell, Jr., Executive Vice President and a director of Gray, is Vice
President, Secretary and a director of Bull Run. Accordingly, each of these
individuals may be subject to conflicts of interest in connection with, for
example, the negotiation of agreements or the provision of services between Gray
and Bull Run. Each of these individuals will devote such time to our business
and affairs as is appropriate under the circumstances. Each of these
individuals, however, has other duties and responsibilities with Bull Run that
may conflict with the time that might otherwise be devoted to his duties with
us.
BULL RUN AND CERTAIN OF OUR DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS HOLD SUBSTANTIAL
EQUITY IN US AND MAY USE THIS INFLUENCE IN WAYS THAT ARE NOT CONSISTENT WITH THE
INTERESTS OF OTHER SECURITY HOLDERS.
Bull Run and the executive officers and directors mentioned above, and
their affiliates, hold or have the right to vote in the aggregate approximately
49.9% in voting power of our currently outstanding common stock. Furthermore, if
all options and warrants that are currently outstanding were exercised, their
voting power would increase to approximately 57.7%. Accordingly, these persons
may have substantial influence on us in ways that might not be consistent with
the interests of other security holders. These persons may also have significant
influence and control over the outcome of any matters submitted to our
stockholders for approval.
PENDING LITIGATION COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR OWNERSHIP INTEREST IN TARZIAN.
As discussed in the "Prospectus Summary" above, on December 3, 2001, we
acquired 301,119 shares of the outstanding common stock of Tarzian from Bull Run
for $10 million plus $3.2 million of related costs which had previously been
capitalized. Bull Run had previously acquired these shares from the Estate of
Mary Tarzian. Subsequent to Bull Run's acquisition of these shares, Tarzian
filed a complaint against Bull Run and the representative of the Estate claiming
that Tarzian had a binding and enforceable contract to purchase these shares
from the Estate prior to Bull Run's acquisition. Tarzian requested judgment to
enforce its alleged contract. Although the action has since been dismissed
without prejudice against Bull Run, the litigation between Tarzian and the
Estate is ongoing. If Tarzian were to prevail in that litigation, that could
ultimately lead to litigation against us, which might involve a claim for
rescission of the acquisition of the Tarzian shares from the Estate and/or a
claim for damages.
WE MAY BE UNABLE TO IDENTIFY OR INTEGRATE ACQUISITIONS SUCCESSFULLY OR ON
COMMERCIALLY ACCEPTABLE TERMS.
We have made a number of acquisitions and in the future may make additional
acquisitions. We cannot assure you that we will be able to identify suitable
acquisition candidates in the future. Even if we do identify suitable
candidates, we cannot assure you that we will be able to make acquisitions on
commercially acceptable terms. The failure to acquire suitable candidates, or
the consummation of a future acquisition at a price or on other terms that prove
to be unfavorable, could adversely affect our business and results of
operations.
In order to integrate successfully these future acquisitions into our
business, we will need to coordinate the management and administrative functions
and sales, marketing and development efforts of each company. Combining
companies presents a number of challenges, including integrating the management
of companies that may have different approaches to sales and service, and the
integration of a number of geographically separated facilities. In addition,
integrating acquisitions requires substantial management time and attention,
which may distract management from our day-to-day business, and could disrupt
our ongoing business and increase our expenses. If we cannot successfully
integrate our future acquisitions, our business and results of operations could
be adversely affected.
25
We may need to incur debt or issue equity securities to pay for any future
acquisitions. However, debt or equity financing may not be available in
sufficient amounts or on terms acceptable to us, or at all.
OUR SUCCESS DEPENDS ON OUR SENIOR MANAGEMENT.
Our success depends to a significant extent on the efforts of our senior
management. As a result, if any of these individuals were to leave, we could
face substantial difficulty in hiring qualified successors and could experience
a loss in productivity while any successors gain the necessary experience.
A DEFICIENCY HAS BEEN ASSERTED BY THE INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE FOR 1996.
In connection with an audit of our 1996 federal income tax return, the
Internal Revenue Service has asserted a deficiency in income taxes of
approximately $12.1 million, plus related interest and penalties. The asserted
deficiency relates principally to our acquisition in 1996 of certain assets of
First American Media, Inc. On January 18, 2002, we filed a petition in the
United States Tax Court to contest this deficiency, and we believe that we have
a meritorious position with respect to the issues related to the deficiency. We
cannot be certain when, and if, this matter will be resolved in our favor, and
if it is not, we could incur negative consequences in future years.
RISKS RELATED TO REGULATORY MATTERS
FEDERAL REGULATION OF THE BROADCASTING INDUSTRY LIMITS OUR OPERATING
FLEXIBILITY.
The FCC regulates our business, just as it does all other companies in the
broadcasting industry. We must ask the FCC's approval whenever we need a new
license, seek to renew or assign a license, purchase a new station or transfer
the control of one of our subsidiaries that holds a license. Our FCC licenses
are critical to our operations; our broadcasting segment cannot operate without
them. We cannot be certain that the FCC will renew these licenses in the future
or approve new acquisitions.
Federal legislation and FCC rules have changed significantly in recent
years and can be expected to continue to change. These changes may limit our
ability to conduct our business in ways that we believe would be advantageous
and may therefore affect our operating results.
THE FCC'S DUOPOLY RESTRICTIONS LIMIT OUR ABILITY TO OWN AND OPERATE
MULTIPLE TELEVISION STATIONS IN THE SAME MARKET AND OUR ABILITY TO OWN AND
OPERATE A TELEVISION STATION AND NEWSPAPER IN THE SAME MARKET.
The FCC's ownership rules generally prohibit us from owning or having
"attributable interests" in television stations located in the same markets in
which our stations are licensed. Accordingly, our ability to expand through
acquisitions of additional stations in markets where we presently are operating
is constrained by those rules. Under current FCC cross-ownership rules, we also
are not allowed to own and operate a television station and a newspaper in the
same market.
OUR PAGING OPERATIONS ARE SUBJECT TO FEDERAL REGULATION.
Our paging operations, which we acquired in September 1996, are subject to
regulation by the FCC under the Communications Act of 1934. The FCC has granted
us licenses to use the radio frequencies necessary to conduct our paging
operations.
The FCC paging licenses granted to us are for varying terms of up to 10
years, at the end of which renewal applications must be approved by the FCC. We
hold various FCC radio licenses which are used in connection with our paging
operations. Paging licenses will expire during calendar year 2009. Licensees in
the paging services normally enjoy a license renewal expectancy and the vast
majority of license renewal applications are granted in the normal course.
Although we are unaware of any circumstances which could prevent the grant of
renewal applications, we cannot be certain that any of our licenses will be free
of competing applications or will be renewed by the FCC. Furthermore, the FCC
has the authority to restrict the operations of licensed facilities or to revoke
or modify licenses. We cannot be certain that our licenses will not be revoked
or modified involuntarily in the future.
26
Pursuant to Congressional mandate, the FCC has adopted rules regarding the
award of license authorizations by competitive bidding. Pursuant to those rules,
the FCC may award licenses for new or existing services by auction, as done with
the 800 MHz band. The FCC began awarding geographic area and paging licenses by
auction in February 2000. We cannot be certain that we will be able to procure
additional spectrum or expand our existing paging network into new service
areas, which would require us to make significant auction payments.
27
USE OF PROCEEDS
We will not receive any proceeds from the issuance of the exchange notes in
the exchange offer. In consideration for issuing the exchange notes as
contemplated in this prospectus, we will receive, in exchange, the original
notes in like principal amounts. The original notes surrendered in exchange for
the exchange notes will be retired and canceled and cannot be reissued.
Accordingly, there will not be an increase in our outstanding indebtedness.
The net proceeds of the offering of the original notes were used to redeem
our 10 5/8% senior subordinated notes due 2006, including payment of principal,
the applicable premium costs and accrued interest through the redemption date of
January 22, 2002, and for general corporate purposes.
CAPITALIZATION
The following table sets forth our capitalization as of December 31, 2001,
which reflects the sale of the original notes, our purchase of the Tarzian
shares and the application of the net proceeds from the sale of the original
notes. See "Use of Proceeds." This table should be read in conjunction with the
consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto incorporated by
reference in this prospectus.
DECEMBER 31, 2001
---------------------
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS)
Long-term debt:
Senior Secured Credit Facility............................ $217.5
9.25% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2011, net of $1.4
million discount....................................... 178.6
10 5/8% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2006(1)............. 155.2
Other (includes current portion).......................... 0.1
------
Total long-term debt including current portion....... 551.4
Total stockholders' equity.................................. 142.2
------
Total capitalization................................. $693.6
======
---------------
(1) On January 22, 2002, we redeemed all $155.2 million in aggregate principal
amount of our 10 5/8% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2006. The funds used to
redeem these notes were provided by the issuance of the 9.25% Senior
Subordinated Notes due 2011. See "Use of Proceeds."
28
DESCRIPTION OF OUTSTANDING INDEBTEDNESS
SENIOR SECURED CREDIT FACILITY
We amended and restated our senior secured credit facility on September 25,
2001. The facility provides us with a $200 million term facility and a $50
million reducing revolving credit facility. In addition, the agreement provides
us with the ability to access, through December 31, 2003, up to $100 million of
incremental senior secured term loans upon the consent of the lenders.
Under the revolving and term facilities, at our option, we can borrow funds
at an interest rate equal to LIBOR plus a margin or at the lenders' base rate
plus a margin. The base rate will generally be equal to the lenders' prime rate.
Interest rates under the revolving facility are base rate plus a margin ranging
from 0.25% to 1.75% or LIBOR plus a margin ranging from 1.5% to 3.0%. Interest
rates under the term facility are base rate plus a margin ranging from 1.75% to
2.0% or LIBOR plus a margin ranging from 3.0% to 3.25%. Our applicable margin
will be determined by our operating leverage ratio which is calculated
quarterly. As of December 31, 2001, the interest rate for the revolving credit
facility was the lenders' base rate plus 1.75% or LIBOR plus 3.0% at our option.
As of December 31, 2001, the interest rate for the term facility was the
lenders' base rate plus 2.0% or LIBOR plus 3.25% at our option.
The lenders' commitments for the revolving facility will reduce quarterly,
as specified in the credit agreement, beginning March 31, 2004, and final
repayment of any outstanding amounts under the revolving facility is due
December 31, 2008. The term facility commences amortization in quarterly
installments of $500,000 beginning March 31, 2003 through December 31, 2008,
with the remaining outstanding balance payable in three equal quarterly
installments beginning March 31, 2009. The final maturity date for any
outstanding amounts under the term facility is September 30, 2009.
The facilities are collateralized by substantially all of the assets,
excluding real estate, of our subsidiaries and us. In addition, our subsidiaries
are joint and several guarantors of the obligations and our ownership interests
in our subsidiaries are pledged to collateralize the obligations. The agreement
contains certain restrictive provisions which include, but are not limited to,
requiring us to maintain certain financial ratios and limits upon our ability to
incur additional indebtedness, make certain acquisitions or investments, sell
assets and make other restricted payments.
At December 31, 2001, the balance outstanding and the balance available
under our senior secured credit facility were $217.5 million and $32.5 million,
respectively, and the interest rate on the balance outstanding was 5.8%.
29
THE EXCHANGE OFFER
TERMS OF THE EXCHANGE OFFER
Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this prospectus
and in the letter of transmittal that accompanies this prospectus (the "Letter
of Transmittal"), we will accept for exchange original notes that are properly
tendered prior to the Expiration Date and not withdrawn. "Expiration Date" means
5:00 p.m., New York City time, on , 2002, or, if we have extended the
period of time for the exchange offer, the latest time and date to which the
exchange offer is extended.
As of the date of this prospectus, $180 million aggregate principal amount
of the original notes was outstanding. This prospectus, together with the Letter
of Transmittal, is first being sent on or about the date set forth on the cover
page of this prospectus to all holders of original notes at the addresses set
forth in the securities register with respect to the original notes maintained
by DTC. Our obligation to accept original notes for exchange in the exchange
offer is subject to the conditions set forth below. See "-- Conditions to
Exchange Offer."
We expressly reserve the right, at any time or from time to time, to extend
the period during which the exchange offer is open, and thereby delay acceptance
for exchange of any original notes, by mailing written notice of such extension
to the holders as described below. During any extension, all original notes
previously tendered will remain subject to the exchange offer and may be
accepted for exchange by us. Any original notes not accepted for exchange for
any reason will be returned without expense to the holder as promptly as
practicable after the expiration or termination of the exchange offer.
Original notes tendered in the exchange offer must be $1,000 in principal
amount or any integral multiple thereof.
We will mail written notice of any extension, amendment, non-acceptance or
termination to holders of the original notes as promptly as practicable, such
notice to be mailed to the holders of record of the original notes no later than
9:00 a.m., New York City time, on the next business day after the previously
scheduled Expiration Date or other event giving rise to such notice requirement.
PROCEDURES FOR TENDERING ORIGINAL NOTES
Letter of Transmittal. The tender to us of original notes by a holder as
set forth below and the acceptance of the tender by us will constitute a binding
agreement between the tendering holder and us upon the terms and subject to the
conditions set forth in this prospectus and in the Letter of Transmittal. Except
as set forth below, a holder who wishes to tender original notes for exchange
must transmit a properly completed and duly executed Letter of Transmittal,
together with all other documents required by such Letter of Transmittal, to the
Exchange Agent at the applicable address set forth below under "-- Exchange
Agent" prior to the Expiration Date.
Other Documents. In addition,
- the Exchange Agent must receive certificates for the original notes along
with the Letter of Transmittal,
- the Exchange Agent must receive prior to the Expiration Date a timely
confirmation of a book-entry transfer (a "Book-Entry Confirmation") of
the original notes, if such procedure is available, into the Exchange
Agent's account at DTC pursuant to the procedure for book-entry transfer
described below, or
- the holder must comply with the guaranteed delivery procedures described
in "-- Guaranteed Delivery Procedures" below.
The method of delivery of original notes, Letters of Transmittal and all
other required documents is at the election and risk of the holders. If the
delivery is by mail, it is recommended that registered mail, properly insured,
with return receipt requested, be used in all cases. Sufficient time should be
allowed to ensure timely delivery. No Letters of Transmittal or original notes
should be sent to us.
30
Signatures. Signatures on a Letter of Transmittal or a notice of
withdrawal must be guaranteed unless the original notes surrendered for exchange
are tendered (1) by a registered holder of the original notes who has not
completed either the box entitled "Special Registration Instructions" or the box
entitled "Special Delivery Instructions" on the Letter of Transmittal or (2) for
the account of an Eligible Institution (as defined below). If signatures on a
Letter of Transmittal or a notice of withdrawal are required to be guaranteed,
the guarantees must be by a firm that is an eligible guarantor institution (such
as a bank, stockbroker, national securities exchange, registered securities
association, savings and loan association or credit union with membership in a
signature medallion program) pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 17Ad-15
(collectively, "Eligible Institutions"). If original notes are registered in the
name of a person other than the person signing the Letter of Transmittal, the
original notes surrendered for exchange must be endorsed or accompanied by a
written instrument or instruments of transfer or exchange, in satisfactory form
as determined by us, duly executed by the registered holder, with the signature
guaranteed by an Eligible Institution.
Powers of Attorney. If the Letter of Transmittal is signed by a person or
persons other than the registered holder or holders of the original notes, the
original notes must be endorsed or accompanied by appropriate powers of
attorney, signed exactly as the name or names of the registered holder or
holders appears on the original notes.
Representatives, Trustees, Guardians, Etc. If the Letter of Transmittal or
any original notes or powers of attorney are signed by trustees, executors,
administrators, guardians, attorneys-in-fact, officers of corporations or others
acting in a fiduciary or representative capacity, such persons should so
indicate when signing, and, unless waived by us, proper evidence satisfactory to
us of their authority to so act must be submitted with the Letter of
Transmittal.
Required Acknowledgments; Resales by Broker-Dealers. By tendering original
notes, each holder, other than a broker-dealer, must acknowledge that (1) it is
not an "affiliate" of ours, as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act, (2)
the exchange notes to be acquired in the exchange offer are being obtained in
the ordinary course of business of the person receiving the exchange notes,
whether or not that person is the registered holder of the original notes, (3)
it is not engaged in, and does not intend to engage in, a distribution of the
exchange notes and (4) it does not have an arrangement or understanding with any
person to participate in a distribution of the exchange notes. If any holder of
original notes is an affiliate of ours or is engaged in or intends to engage in,
or has any arrangement or understanding with any person to participate in, the
distribution of the exchange notes to be acquired in the exchange offer, the
holder:
- cannot rely on the applicable interpretations of the SEC staff; and
- must comply with the registration and prospectus delivery requirements of
the Securities Act in connection with any resale transaction.
Each broker-dealer that receives exchange notes for its own account in
exchange for original notes, where those original notes were acquired by the
broker-dealer as a result of market-making activities or other trading
activities, must acknowledge that it will deliver a prospectus in connection
with any resale of the exchange notes. Any such broker-dealer may be deemed to
be an "underwriter" under the Securities Act. See "Plan of Distribution." The
Letter of Transmittal states that by so acknowledging and delivering a
prospectus, a broker-dealer will not be deemed to admit that it is an
"underwriter" within the meaning of the Securities Act.
ACCEPTANCE OF ORIGINAL NOTES FOR EXCHANGE; DELIVERY OF EXCHANGE NOTES
We will accept, promptly after the Expiration Date, all original notes
properly tendered and will issue the exchange notes promptly after acceptance of
the original notes. For each original note accepted for exchange, the holder of
the original note will receive an exchange note having a principal amount equal
to that of the surrendered original note. The exchange notes will bear interest
from the most recent date on which interest has been paid on the original notes
or, if no interest has been paid, from December 21, 2001. Original notes
accepted for exchange will cease to accrue interest from and after the date of
completion of the exchange
31
offer, except as set forth in the immediately preceding sentence. Holders of
original notes whose original notes are accepted for exchange will not receive
any payment in respect of interest on the original notes otherwise payable on
any interest payment date the record date for which occurs on or after
completion of the exchange offer.
In all cases, issuance of exchange notes for original notes that are
accepted for exchange in the exchange offer will be made only after timely
receipt by the Exchange Agent of:
- certificates for the original notes or a timely Book-Entry Confirmation
of the transfer of the original notes into the Exchange Agent's account
at DTC;
- a properly completed and duly executed Letter of Transmittal; and
- all other required documents.
If any tendered original notes are not accepted for any reason set forth in
the terms and conditions of the exchange offer or if certificates representing
original notes are submitted for a greater principal amount than the holder
desires to exchange, certificates representing the unaccepted or non-exchanged
original notes will be returned without expense to the tendering holder (or, in
the case of original notes tendered by book-entry transfer into the Exchange
Agent's account at DTC pursuant to the book-entry transfer procedures described
below, the unaccepted original notes will be credited to an account maintained
with DTC) as promptly as practicable after the expiration or termination of the
exchange offer.
All questions as to the validity, form, eligibility (including time of
receipt) and acceptance of original notes tendered for exchange will be
determined by us in our sole discretion, and our determination shall be final
and binding. We reserve the absolute right to reject any and all tenders of any
particular original notes not properly tendered or not to accept any particular
original notes if acceptance might, in our judgment or the judgment of our
counsel, be unlawful. See "-- Conditions to Exchange Offer." We also reserve the
absolute right in our sole discretion to waive any defects or irregularities or
conditions to the exchange offer as to any particular original notes either
before or after the Expiration Date (including the right to waive the
ineligibility of any holder who seeks to tender original notes in the exchange
offer). Our interpretation of the terms and conditions of the exchange offer as
to any particular original notes either before or after the Expiration Date
(including the Letter of Transmittal and the instructions thereto) shall be
final and binding on all parties. Unless waived, any defects or irregularities
in connection with tenders of original notes for exchange must be cured within a
reasonable period of time that we shall determine. Neither Gray, the Exchange
Agent nor any other person shall be required to give notice of any defect or
irregularity regarding any tender of original notes for exchange, nor shall any
of them incur any liability for failure to give notice.
The Exchange Agent has established an account with respect to the original
notes at DTC for purposes of the exchange offer and any financial institution
that is a participant in DTC's systems may make book-entry delivery of original
notes by causing DTC to transfer the original notes into the Exchange Agent's
account at DTC in accordance with DTC's procedures for transfer.
Although delivery of original notes may be effected through book-entry
transfer at DTC, the Letter of Transmittal, or a facsimile thereof, with any
required signature guarantees and any other required documents, must, in any
case, be transmitted to and received by the Exchange Agent at the applicable
address set forth below under "-- Exchange Agent" prior to the Expiration Date,
or the guaranteed delivery procedures described below must be complied with.
GUARANTEED DELIVERY PROCEDURES
If a registered holder of original notes desires to tender the original
notes and the original notes are not immediately available, or time will not
permit the holder's original notes or other required documents to reach
32
the Exchange Agent before the Expiration Date, or the procedure for book-entry
transfer cannot be completed on a timely basis, a tender may be effected if:
- the tender is made through an Eligible Institution;
- prior to the Expiration Date, the Exchange Agent receives from the
Eligible Institution a properly completed and duly executed Notice of
Guaranteed Delivery, substantially in the form provided by us (by
facsimile transmission, mail, overnight courier or hand delivery),
setting forth the name and address of the holder of original notes, the
certificate numbers of the original notes and the principal amount of
original notes tendered, stating that the tender is being made thereby
and guaranteeing that, within three New York Stock Exchange trading days
after the date of execution of the Notice of Guaranteed Delivery, the
Letter of Transmittal, or a facsimile thereof, together with the original
notes in proper form for transfer, or a Book-Entry Confirmation, and any
other documents required by the Letter of Transmittal, will be deposited
by the Eligible Institution with the Exchange Agent; and
- the properly completed and duly executed Letter of Transmittal, or a
facsimile thereof, as well as all tendered original notes in proper form
for transfer, or a Book-Entry Confirmation, and all other documents
required by the Letter of Transmittal, are received by the Exchange Agent
within three New York Stock Exchange trading days after the date of
execution of the Notice of Guaranteed Delivery.
WITHDRAWAL RIGHTS
Tenders of original notes may be withdrawn at any time prior to the
Expiration Date. For a withdrawal to be effective, a written or facsimile notice
of withdrawal must be received by the Exchange Agent at the applicable address
set forth below under "-- Exchange Agent." Any notice of withdrawal must specify
the name of the person having tendered the original notes to be withdrawn,
identify the original notes to be withdrawn, including the principal amounts of
such original notes, and, where certificates for original notes have been
transmitted, specify the name in which such original notes are to be registered,
if different from that of the tendering holder.
If certificates for original notes have been delivered or otherwise
identified to the Exchange Agent, then, prior to the release of such
certificates, the withdrawing holder must also submit the serial numbers of the
particular certificates to be withdrawn and a signed notice of withdrawal with
signatures guaranteed by an Eligible Institution, unless the holder is an
Eligible Institution. If original notes have been tendered pursuant to the
procedures for book-entry transfer, any notice of withdrawal must specify the
name and number of the account at DTC to be credited with the withdrawn original
notes and otherwise comply with the procedures of the facility. All questions as
to the validity, form and eligibility (including time of receipt) of the notices
will be determined by us, and our determination shall be final and binding on
all parties. Any original notes so withdrawn will be deemed not to have been
validly tendered for exchange for purposes of the exchange offer. Any original
notes that have been tendered for exchange but which are not exchanged for any
reason will be returned to the holder without cost to the holder (or, in the
case of original notes tendered by book-entry transfer into the Exchange Agent's
account at DTC pursuant to the book-entry transfer procedures described below,
the original notes will be credited to an account maintained with DTC for the
original notes) as soon as practicable after withdrawal, rejection of tender or
termination of the exchange offer. Properly withdrawn original notes may be
retendered by following one of the procedures described under "-- Procedures For
Tendering Original Notes" at any time prior to the Expiration Date.
CONDITIONS TO EXCHANGE OFFER
Notwithstanding any other provision of the exchange offer, we are not
required to accept for exchange, or to issue exchange notes in exchange for, any
original notes and may terminate or amend the exchange offer if, at any time
before the acceptance of such original notes or the exchange of the exchange
notes for such original notes, we determine that the exchange offer violates
applicable law, any applicable interpretation of the staff of the SEC or any
order of any governmental agency or court of competent jurisdiction.
33
The foregoing conditions are for our sole benefit and may be asserted by us
regardless of the circumstances giving rise to any such condition or, to the
extent legally permissible, may be waived by us in whole or in part at any time
and from time to time in our sole discretion. Our failure to exercise any of the
foregoing rights at any time shall not be deemed a waiver of any such right and
each such right shall be deemed an ongoing right which may be asserted at any
time and from time to time.
In addition, we will not accept for exchange any original notes tendered,
and no exchange notes will be issued in exchange for any such original notes, if
at such time any stop order shall be threatened or in effect with respect to the
registration statement of which this prospectus constitutes a part or the
qualification of the indenture governing the notes under the Trust Indenture Act
of 1939, as amended. In any event, we are required to use our best efforts to
obtain the withdrawal of any stop order at the earliest possible time.
EXCHANGE AGENT
All executed Letters of Transmittal should be directed to the Exchange
Agent at the applicable address set forth below. Questions and requests for
assistance, requests for additional copies of this prospectus or of the Letter
of Transmittal and requests for Notices of Guaranteed Delivery should be
directed to the Exchange Agent, addressed as follows:
By Hand:
Bankers Trust Company
c/o The Depository Trust Clearing Corporation
55 Water Street, 1st floor
Jeanette Park Entrance
New York, NY 10041
By Mail:
BT Services Tennessee, Inc.
Reorganization Unit
P.O. Box 292737
Nashville, TN 37229-2737
By Overnight Mail or Courier:
BT Services Tennessee, Inc.
Corporate Trust & Agency Services
Reorganization Unit
648 Grassmere Park Road
Nashville, TN 37211
Fax: (615) 835-3701
Confirm by Telephone: (615) 835-3572
Information (800) 735-7777
Delivery of the Letter of Transmittal to an address other than as set forth
above or transmission via facsimile other than as set forth above do not
constitute valid delivery of the Letter of Transmittal.
FEES AND EXPENSES
We will not make any payment to brokers-dealers or others soliciting
acceptances of the exchange offer.
TRANSFER TAXES
Holders who tender original notes for exchange will not be obligated to pay
any transfer tax in connection therewith, except that holders who instruct us to
register exchange notes in the name of, or request that original notes not
tendered or not accepted in the exchange offer be returned to, a person other
than the registered tendering holder will be responsible for the payment of any
applicable transfer tax.
34
APPRAISAL RIGHTS
Holders of original notes will not have dissenters' rights or appraisal
rights in connection with the exchange offer.
RESALE OF THE EXCHANGE NOTES
Based on interpretations by the SEC staff issued to third parties, exchange
notes issued in exchange for original notes may be offered for resale, resold or
otherwise transferred by a holder without compliance with the registration and
prospectus delivery provisions of the Securities Act, provided that:
- the exchange notes are acquired in the ordinary course of the holder's
business;
- the holder is not engaged in, and does not intend to engage in, the
distribution of the exchange notes;
- the holder has no arrangement or understanding with any person to
participate in the distribution of the exchange notes; and
- the holder is not an "affiliate" of ours, as defined in Rule 405 under
the Securities Act.
Each holder, other than a broker-dealer, must make an acknowledgment as to
the foregoing in the Letter of Transmittal. This analysis is based upon the
SEC's position in no-action letters issued regarding other transactions that
were substantially similar to this exchange offer. Although the SEC has not
indicated that it has changed its position on this issue, we have not sought our
own interpretive letter from the SEC. There is no assurance that the SEC would
make a similar determination with respect to the resale of the exchange notes.
See "Risk Factors -- Requirements for transfer of exchange notes."
If any holder is an affiliate of ours, or is engaged in or intends to
engage in, or has any arrangement or understanding with respect to, the
distribution of the exchange notes to be acquired in the exchange offer, the
holder
- cannot rely on the applicable interpretations of the SEC staff; and
- must comply with the registration and prospectus delivery requirements of
the Securities Act in connection with any resale transaction.
Each broker-dealer that receives exchange notes for its own account in the
exchange offer must acknowledge that it will deliver a prospectus meeting the
requirements of the Securities Act in connection with any resale of such
exchange notes where the original notes exchanged for such exchange notes were
acquired by such broker-dealer as a result of market-making activities or other
trading activities. The Letter of Transmittal states that by so acknowledging
and delivering a prospectus, a broker-dealer will not be deemed to admit that it
is an "underwriter" within the meaning of the Securities Act. This prospectus,
as it may be amended or supplemented from time to time, may be used by a
broker-dealer in connection with resales of such exchange notes. We have agreed
to make this prospectus available, for a period of 180 days following the
consummation of the exchange offer, to any participating broker-dealer for use
in connection with any such resale. See "Plan of Distribution." However, to
comply with the securities laws of certain jurisdictions, if applicable, the
exchange notes may not be offered or sold unless they have been registered or
qualified for sale in such jurisdictions or an exemption from registration or
qualification is available.
SAME-DAY FUNDS SETTLEMENT AND PAYMENT
We will make all payments of principal and interest in respect of exchange
notes in book-entry form in immediately available funds to the accounts
specified in DTC.
Secondary trading in long-term notes and notes of corporate issuers is
generally settled in clearing house or next-day funds. In contrast, the exchange
notes will trade in DTC's Same-Day Funds Settlement System until maturity or
until the exchange notes are issued in certificated form, and secondary market
trading activity in the exchange notes will therefore be required by DTC to
settle in immediately available funds. No
35
assurance can be given as to the effect, if any, of settlement in immediately
available funds on trading activity in the exchange notes.
CONCERNING THE TRUSTEE
Bankers Trust Company is the trustee under the indenture. We may maintain
deposit accounts or conduct other banking transactions with the trustee in the
ordinary course of business. Notice to the trustee should be directed to Bankers
Trust Company, Four Albany Street, 4th Floor, New York, New York 10006,
Attention: Corporate Trust and Agency Services.
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DESCRIPTION OF EXCHANGE NOTES
GENERAL
We issued the original notes, and will issue the exchange notes, under an
Indenture (the "Indenture"), dated as of December 15, 2001, by and among us, the
Subsidiary Guarantors and Bankers Trust Company, as trustee (the "Trustee"). The
terms of the Notes include those stated in the Indenture and those made part of
the Indenture by reference to the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the
"Trust Indenture Act"), as in effect on the date of the Indenture. The Notes are
subject to all such terms, and holders of Notes are referred to the Indenture
and the Trust Indenture Act for a statement of those terms.
We summarize below certain material provisions of the Indenture, but do not
restate the Indenture in its entirety. We urge you to read the Indenture because
it defines your rights. You can obtain a copy of the Indenture and a form of the
Notes from us.
Key terms used in this section are defined under "-- Certain Definitions".
When we refer in this section to:
- the "Company", we mean Gray Communications Systems, Inc. and not its
subsidiaries; and
- the "Notes", we mean Notes originally issued on the Issue Date, exchange
notes issued therefor and Additional Notes.
The terms of the exchange notes are substantially identical in all material
respects to the terms of the original notes, except that the exchange notes will
have been registered under the Securities Act and are freely transferable, and
there are certain rights under the registration rights agreement that do not
apply to holders of the exchange notes. See "Registration Rights Agreement."
OVERVIEW OF THE NOTES
The Notes are:
- general unsecured senior subordinated obligations of the Company;
- subordinated to Senior Debt existing on the Issue Date or incurred
thereafter;
- guaranteed, jointly and severally, on an unsecured senior subordinated
basis by the Subsidiary Guarantors;
- limited in aggregate principal amount to $280.0 million of which $180.0
million principal amount was issued on the Issue Date.
As described in the consolidated financial information included elsewhere
in this prospectus (or incorporated by reference herein), at December 31, 2001:
- our total indebtedness was approximately $551.4 million, which included
$155.2 million of 10 5/8% Senior Subordinated Notes that were redeemed on
January 22, 2002 and $180.0 million of the 9.25% Senior Subordinated
Notes due 2011;
- the Company had approximately $217.5 million of secured indebtedness
under our Senior Credit Facility; and
- the Subsidiary Guarantors had indebtedness of approximately $186,000 and
guarantees of indebtedness of approximately $217.5 million under our
Senior Credit Facility.
ADDITIONAL NOTES
Subject to the limitations set forth under "-- Covenants -- Limitation on
Incurrence of Indebtedness", the Company may incur additional Indebtedness. At
our option, this additional Indebtedness may consist in part of additional Notes
("Additional Notes") of up to $100.0 million issued in one or more transactions,
which have identical terms as Notes issued on the Issue Date and exchange notes.
Holders of Additional
37
Notes would have the right to vote together with holders of Notes issued on the
Issue Date and exchange notes as one class.
PRINCIPAL, MATURITY AND INTEREST
We issued $180.0 million of aggregate principal amount of Notes on the
Issue Date in denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples of $1,000. The
Notes will mature on December 15, 2011.
Interest on the Notes will accrue at the rate of 9.25% per annum and will
be payable semi-annually in arrears on June 15 and December 15, commencing on
June 15, 2002, to holders of record on the immediately preceding June 1 and
December 1. Interest on the Notes will accrue from the most recent date on which
interest has been paid or, if no interest has been paid, from the date of the
original issuance of the Notes (the "Issue Date"). Interest will be computed on
the basis of a 360-day year comprised of twelve 30-day months.
Principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Notes will be payable at
the office or agency of the Company maintained for such purpose within the City
of New York or, at the option of the Company, payment of interest may be made by
check mailed to the holders of the Notes at their respective addresses as set
forth in the register of holders of Notes. Until otherwise designated by the
Company, the Company's office or agency in the City of New York will be the
office of the Trustee maintained for such purpose. The original notes were
issued, and the exchange notes will be issued, in fully registered form, without
coupons, and in denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples thereof.
SUBORDINATION
The payment of principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Notes
will be subordinated in right of payment, to the extent and in the manner
provided in the Indenture, to the prior payment in full in cash or any other
form acceptable to the holders of Senior Debt, of all Senior Debt of the
Company, whether outstanding on the Issue Date or incurred thereafter. As of
December 31, 2001, the Company had approximately $217.5 million of Senior Debt
outstanding. See "Description of Outstanding Indebtedness -- Senior Secured
Credit Facility" and "-- Covenants -- Limitation on Incurrence of Indebtedness."
Upon any payment or distribution of cash, securities or other property of
the Company to creditors upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the
Company, or in a bankruptcy, reorganization, insolvency, receivership or similar
proceeding relating to the Company or its property or securities, the holders of
any Senior Debt of the Company will be entitled to receive payment in full, in
cash or any other form acceptable to the holders of Senior Debt, of all
Obligations due in respect of such Senior Debt before the holders of the Notes
will be entitled to receive any payment or distribution with respect to the
Notes (excluding certain equity or subordinated debt securities).
The Company also may not make any payment or distribution of any assets or
securities of the Company or any Subsidiary Guarantor of any kind or character
(including, without limitation, cash, property and any payment or distribution
which may be payable or deliverable by reason of the payment of any other debt
of the Company or the Subsidiary Guarantors being subordinated to the payment of
the Notes) upon or in respect of the Notes (excluding certain equity or
subordinated debt securities) if the Trustee has received written notice (a
"Payment Blockage Notice") from the representative of any holders of Designated
Senior Debt that (x) a default (whether or not any requirement for the giving of
notice, the lapse of time or both, or any other condition to such default
becoming an event of default, has occurred) in the payment of principal of (or
premium, if any) or interest on or any other amount payable in connection with
any Designated Senior Debt has occurred and is continuing (a "Payment Default")
or (y) any other default has occurred and is continuing with respect to any
Designated Senior Debt (whether or not any requirement for the giving of notice,
the lapse of time or both, or any other condition to such default becoming an
event of default, has occurred) (a "Non-Payment Default"). Payments on the Notes
shall resume (and all past due amounts on the Notes, with interest thereon as
specified in the Indenture, shall be paid) (i) in the case of a Payment Default,
on the date on which such Payment Default is cured or waived, and (ii) in the
case of a Non-Payment Default, on the earliest of (a) the date on which such
Non-Payment Default is cured or waived or shall have ceased to exist or the
Designated Senior Debt related thereto shall have been discharged or paid in
38
full in cash or any other manner acceptable to the holders of such Designated
Senior Debt, (b) 179 days after the date on which the Payment Blockage Notice
with respect to such default was received by the Trustee, unless the maturity of
the Designated Senior Debt under the Senior Credit Facility has been accelerated
and (c) the date such Payment Blockage Notice is terminated by written notice to
the Trustee from a representative of the holders of the Designated Senior Debt
that gave such Payment Blockage Notice. During any consecutive 365-day period,
the aggregate number of days in which payments due on the Notes may not be made
as a result of Non-Payment Defaults on Designated Senior Debt (a "Payment
Blockage Period") shall not exceed 179 days, only one Payment Blockage Period
may be commenced and there shall be a period of at least 186 consecutive days
when such payments are not prohibited. No event or circumstance that creates a
default under any Designated Senior Debt that (i) gives rise to the commencement
of a Payment Blockage Period or (ii) exists at the commencement of or during any
Payment Blockage Period shall be made the basis for the commencement of any
subsequent Payment Blockage Period, whether or not within a period of 365
consecutive days, unless such default has been cured or waived for a period of
not less than 90 consecutive days following the commencement of the initial
Payment Blockage Period.
If the Company fails to make any payment on the Notes when due or within
any applicable grace period, whether or not on account of the payment blockage
provisions referred to above, such failure will constitute an Event of Default
under the Indenture and will enable the holders of the Notes to accelerate the
maturity thereof. See "-- Events of Default."
As a result of the subordination provisions described above, in the event
of liquidation or insolvency of the Company, holders of Notes may recover less
ratably than unsubordinated creditors of the Company. In such circumstances,
funds which would otherwise be payable to the holders of the Notes will be paid
to the holders of the Senior Debt to the extent necessary to pay the Senior Debt
in full in cash or any other manner acceptable to the holders of such Senior
Debt, and the Company may be unable to meet its obligations fully with respect
to the Notes.
The subordination provisions described above will cease to be applicable to
the Notes upon any defeasance or covenant defeasance of the Notes. See
"-- Defeasance."
"Senior Debt" of the Company means the principal of, premium (if any) and
accrued and unpaid interest (including interest accruing on or after the filing
of any petition in bankruptcy or for reorganization of the Company, regardless
of whether or not a claim for post-filing interest is allowed in such
proceedings) on, and fees and other amounts owing in respect of the Senior
Credit Facility and all other Indebtedness of the Company, whether outstanding
on the date of the Indenture or thereafter incurred, unless in the instrument
creating or evidencing the same or pursuant to which the same is outstanding it
is provided that such obligations are not superior in right of payment to the
Notes; provided, however, that Senior Debt shall not include:
(1) any obligation of the Company to any Subsidiary of the Company;
(2) any liability for federal, state, local or other taxes owed or owing by
the Company;
(3) any accounts payable or other liability to trade creditors arising in
the ordinary course of business (including guarantees thereof or instruments
evidencing such liabilities);
(4) any indebtedness or obligation of the Company, and any accrued and
unpaid interest in respect thereof, that by its terms is subordinate or junior
in any respect to any other Indebtedness or obligation of the Company, including
any Senior Subordinated Indebtedness of the Company and any Subordinated
Indebtedness of the Company;
(5) any obligations with respect to any Capital Stock; or
(6) any Indebtedness incurred in violation of the Indenture.
"Guarantor Senior Debt" has a correlative meaning.
39
SUBSIDIARY GUARANTEES
Our obligations under the Notes are guaranteed, jointly and severally and
fully and unconditionally, on a senior subordinated basis (the "Subsidiary
Guarantees") by the Subsidiary Guarantors. The obligations of each Subsidiary
Guarantor under its Subsidiary Guarantee are unconditional and absolute,
irrespective of any invalidity, illegality, unenforceability of any Note or the
Indenture or any extension, compromise, waiver or release in respect of any
obligation of the Company or any other Subsidiary Guarantor under any Note or
the Indenture, or any modification or amendment of or supplement to the
Indenture.
The obligations of any Subsidiary Guarantor under its Subsidiary Guarantee
will be subordinated, to the same extent as the obligations of the Company in
respect of the Notes, to the prior payment in full of all Guarantor Senior Debt
of such Subsidiary Guarantor (which will include any guarantee issued by such
Subsidiary Guarantor of any Senior Debt, including Indebtedness represented by
guarantees under the Senior Credit Facility) in cash or any other manner
acceptable to the holders of such Guarantor Senior Debt. The obligations of each
Subsidiary Guarantor will be limited to the maximum amount as will result in the
obligation not constituting a fraudulent conveyance or fraudulent transfer under
U.S. federal or state law. See "-- Subordination."
Upon the sale or disposition (whether by merger, stock purchase, asset sale
or otherwise) of a Subsidiary Guarantor (or substantially all of its assets) to
a Person which is not the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company or the sale of
a majority of the capital stock of a Paging Subsidiary or a Satellite Uplink
Subsidiary to a Person which is not the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company,
in each case, which sale or other disposition is otherwise in compliance with
the Indenture, such Subsidiary Guarantor shall be deemed released from all its
obligations under its Subsidiary Guarantee; provided that any such termination
shall occur only to the extent that all obligations of such Subsidiary Guarantor
under all of its guarantees of, and under all of its pledges of assets or other
security interests which secure, other Indebtedness of the Company shall also
terminate upon such release, sale or transfer.
In addition, each Subsidiary Guarantor may consolidate with or merge into
or sell its assets to the Company or another Subsidiary Guarantor without
limitation. The Indenture further provides that a Subsidiary Guarantor may
consolidate with or merge into or sell its assets to a corporation other than
the Company or another Subsidiary Guarantor (whether or not affiliated with such
Subsidiary Guarantor, but subject to the provisions described in the immediately
preceding paragraph), provided that (a) if the surviving person is not the
Subsidiary Guarantor, the surviving person agrees to assume such Subsidiary
Guarantor's obligations under its Subsidiary Guarantee and all its obligations
under the Indenture and (b) such transaction does not (i) violate any covenants
set forth in the Indenture or (ii) result in a Default or Event of Default under
the Indenture immediately thereafter that is continuing.
REDEMPTION
Optional Redemption. Except as described below, the Notes are not
redeemable at our option prior to December 15, 2006. On and after such date, the
Notes will be subject to redemption at our option, in whole or in part, at the
redemption prices (expressed as percentages of the principal amount of the
Notes) set forth below, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date fixed for
redemption, if redeemed during the twelve-month period beginning on December 15
of the years indicated below.
YEAR PERCENTAGE
---- ----------
2006........................................................ 104.625%
2007........................................................ 103.083%
2008........................................................ 101.542%
2009 and thereafter......................................... 100.000%
Notwithstanding the foregoing, at any time prior to December 15, 2004, we
may, at our option, use the net proceeds of one or more Public Equity Offerings
to redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the Notes originally
issued, at a redemption price equal to 109.250% of the principal amount thereof,
40
together with accrued and unpaid interest to the date fixed for redemption;
provided, however, that at least $117.0 million in aggregate principal amount of
the Notes remains outstanding immediately after any such redemption.
At any time prior to December 15, 2006, the Notes may be redeemed as a
whole but not in part at the option of the Company, upon not less than 30 or
more than 60 days' prior notice mailed by first-class mail to each holder's
registered address, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount
thereof plus the Make Whole Premium as of, and accrued but unpaid interest, if
any, to, the redemption date, subject to the right of holders on the relevant
record date to receive interest due on the relevant interest payment date.
"Make Whole Premium" means with respect to a Note at any redemption date,
the greater of (i) 1.0% of the principal amount of such Note or (ii) the excess
of (A) the present value of (1) the redemption price of such Note at December
15, 2006 (such redemption price being set forth in the table above) plus (2) all
required interest payments due on such Note through December 15, 2006, computed
using a discount rate equal to the Treasury Rate plus 50 basis points, over (B)
the then-outstanding principal amount of such Note.
"Treasury Rate" means the yield to maturity at the time of computation of
United States Treasury securities with a constant maturity (as compiled and
published in the most recent Federal Reserve Statistical Release H. 15(519)
which has become publicly available at least two Business Days prior to the
redemption date or, if such Statistical Release is no longer published, any
publicly available source or similar market data) most nearly equal to the
period from the redemption date to December 15, 2006; provided, however, that if
the period from the redemption date to December 15, 2006 is not equal to the
constant maturity of a United States Treasury security for which a weekly
average yield is given, the Treasury Rate shall be obtained by linear
interpolation (calculated to the nearest one-twelfth of a year) from the weekly
average yields of United States Treasury securities for which such yields are
given, except that if the period from the redemption date to December 15, 2006
is less than one year, the weekly average yield on actually traded United States
Treasury securities adjusted to a constant maturity of one year shall be used.
Selection and Notice. If less than all of the Notes are to be redeemed at
any time, selection of the Notes to be redeemed will be made by the Trustee, on
behalf of the Company, in compliance with the requirements of the principal
national securities exchange, if any, on which the Notes are listed or, if the
Notes are not listed on a securities exchange by the Trustee, on behalf of the
Company, on a pro rata basis, by lot or by any other method as the Trustee shall
deem fair and appropriate; provided that a redemption pursuant to the provisions
relating to Public Equity Offerings will be on a pro rata basis. Notes redeemed
in part shall only be redeemed in integral multiples of $1,000. Notices of any
redemption shall be mailed by first class mail at least 30 but not more than 60
days before the redemption date to each holder of Notes to be redeemed at such
holder's registered address. If any Note is to be redeemed in part only, the
notice of redemption that relates to such Note shall state the portion of the
principal amount thereof to be redeemed, and the Trustee shall authenticate and
mail to the holder of the original Note a new Note in principal amount equal to
the unredeemed portion of the original Note promptly after the original Note has
been cancelled. On and after the redemption date, interest will cease to accrue
on Notes or portions thereof called for redemption.
CHANGE OF CONTROL
In the event of a Change of Control (as defined herein), the Company will
make an offer to purchase all of the then outstanding Notes at a purchase price
in cash equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount thereof, plus accrued
and unpaid interest to the date of purchase, in accordance with the terms set
forth below (a "Change of Control Offer").
Within 30 days after any Change of Control, we will mail to each holder of
Notes at such holder's registered address a notice stating: (i) that a Change of
Control has occurred and that such holder has the right to require the Company
to purchase all or a portion (equal to $1,000 or an integral multiple thereof)
of such holder's Notes at a purchase price in cash equal to 101% of the
aggregate principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date
of purchase (the "Change of Control Purchase Date"), which shall be a business
day, specified in such notice, that is not earlier than 30 days or later than 60
days from the
41
date such notice is mailed, (ii) the amount of accrued and unpaid interest as of
the Change of Control Purchase Date, (iii) that any Note not tendered will
continue to accrue interest, (iv) that, unless the Company defaults in the
payment of the purchase price for the Notes payable pursuant to the Change of
Control Offer, any Notes accepted for payment pursuant to the Change of Control
Offer shall cease to accrue interest after the Change of Control Purchase Date,
(v) the procedures, consistent with the Indenture, to be followed by a holder of
Notes in order to accept a Change of Control Offer or to withdraw such
acceptance, and (vi) such other information as may be required by the Indenture
and applicable laws and regulations.
On the Change of Control Purchase Date, we will (i) accept for payment all
Notes or portions thereof tendered pursuant to the Change of Control Offer, (ii)
deposit with the Paying Agent the aggregate purchase price of all Notes or
portions thereof accepted for payment and any accrued and unpaid interest on
such Notes as of the Change of Control Purchase Date, and (iii) deliver or cause
to be delivered to the Trustee all Notes tendered pursuant to the Change of
Control Offer. The Paying Agent shall promptly mail to each holder of Notes or
portions thereof accepted for payment an amount equal to the purchase price for
such Notes plus any accrued and unpaid interest thereon, and the Trustee shall
promptly authenticate and mail to such holder of Notes accepted for payment in
part a new Note equal in principal amount to any unpurchased portion of the
Notes, and any Note not accepted for payment in whole or in part for any reason
consistent with the Indenture shall be promptly returned to the holder of such
Note. On and after a Change of Control Purchase Date, interest will cease to
accrue on the Notes or portions thereof accepted for payment, unless the Company
defaults in the payment of the purchase price therefor. We will announce the
results of the Change of Control Offer to holders of the Notes on or as soon as
practicable after the Change of Control Purchase Date.
We will comply with the applicable tender offer rules, including the
requirements of Rule 14e-1 under the Exchange Act, and all other applicable
securities laws and regulations in connection with any Change of Control Offer.
The Change of Control provision will not require us to make a Change of
Control Offer upon the consummation of any transaction contemplated by clause
(b) of the definition of Change of Control if the party that will own, directly
or indirectly, more than 35% of the Voting Stock of the Company as a result of
such transaction is J. Mack Robinson, Robert S. Prather, Jr. or certain other
persons or entities affiliated with or controlled by either of them. See
"-- Certain Definitions -- Permitted Holders." J. Mack Robinson and Robert S.
Prather are directors of the Company. As a result of the definition of Permitted
Holders, a concentration of control in the hands of Permitted Holders would not
give rise to a situation where holders could have their Notes repurchased
pursuant to a Change of Control Offer. As of March 15, 2002, Mr. Robinson was
the beneficial owner of approximately 31% of the outstanding Voting Stock. In
addition, the Change of Control provision and the other covenants that limit the
ability of the Company to incur debt may not necessarily afford holders
protection in the event of a highly leveraged transaction, such as a
reorganization, merger or similar transaction involving the Company that may
adversely affect holders, because such transactions may not involve a
concentration in voting power or beneficial ownership, or, if there were such a
concentration, may not involve a concentration of the magnitude required under
the definition of Change of Control.
COVENANTS
Limitation on Incurrence of Indebtedness. The Indenture provides that the
Company will not, and will not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, create, incur,
assume or directly or indirectly guarantee or in any other manner become
directly or indirectly liable for ("incur") any Indebtedness (including Acquired
Debt) if, at the time of and immediately after giving pro forma effect to such
incurrence, the Debt to Operating Cash Flow Ratio of the Company and its
Subsidiaries is more than 7.0 to 1.0.
The foregoing limitations will not apply to the incurrence of any of the
following (collectively, "Permitted Indebtedness"):
(i) Indebtedness of the Company incurred under the Senior Credit
Facility in an aggregate principal amount at any time outstanding not to
exceed $275.0 million less (A) the aggregate amount of
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all principal payments made in respect of any term loans thereunder and (B)
the aggregate amount of any other principal payments thereunder
constituting permanent reductions of such Indebtedness pursuant to and in
accordance with the covenant described under "-- Covenants -- Limitation on
Asset Sales;"
(ii) Indebtedness of any Subsidiary Guarantor consisting of a guarantee
of Indebtedness of the Company under the Senior Credit Facility;
(iii) Indebtedness of the Company represented by (a) the Notes issued on
the Issue Date and exchange notes issued therefor and (b) Indebtedness of
any Subsidiary Guarantor represented by a Subsidiary Guarantee in respect
therefor or in respect of Additional Notes incurred in accordance with the
Indenture;
(iv) Indebtedness owed by any Subsidiary Guarantor to the Company or to
another Subsidiary Guarantor, or owed by the Company to any Subsidiary
Guarantor; provided that any such Indebtedness shall be held by a Person
which is either the Company or a Subsidiary Guarantor and provided,
further, that an incurrence of additional Indebtedness which is not
permitted under this clause (iv) shall be deemed to have occurred upon
either (a) the transfer or other disposition of any such Indebtedness to a
Person other than the Company or another Subsidiary Guarantor or (b) the
sale, lease, transfer or other disposition of shares of Capital Stock
(including by consolidation or merger) of any such Subsidiary Guarantor to
a Person other than the Company or another Subsidiary Guarantor such that
such Subsidiary Guarantor ceases to be a Subsidiary Guarantor;
(v) Indebtedness of any Subsidiary Guarantor consisting of guarantees of
any Indebtedness of the Company which Indebtedness of the Company has been
incurred in accordance with the provisions of the Indenture;
(vi) Indebtedness arising with respect to Interest Rate Agreement
Obligations incurred for the purpose of fixing or hedging interest rate
risk with respect to Indebtedness (and not for speculative purposes) that
is permitted by the terms of the Indenture to be outstanding; provided,
however,that the notional principal amount of such Interest Rate Agreement
Obligation does not exceed the principal amount of the Indebtedness to
which such Interest Rate Agreement Obligation relates;
(vii) Permitted Purchase Money Indebtedness so long as the aggregate
amount of all such Permitted Purchase Money Indebtedness does not exceed
$20.0 million at any one time outstanding;
(viii) any Indebtedness of the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company
incurred in connection with or given in exchange for the renewal,
extension, substitution, refunding, defeasance, refinancing or replacement
of any Indebtedness of the Company or such Subsidiary outstanding on
December 15, 2001 (other than the Company's 10 5/8% Senior Subordinated
Notes due 2006) or permitted to be incurred or outstanding under the
Indenture in accordance with the first paragraph of this covenant or
Indebtedness incurred under this clause (viii) with respect to any of the
foregoing ("Refinancing Indebtedness"); provided that (a) the principal
amount of such Refinancing Indebtedness shall not exceed the principal
amount of the Indebtedness so renewed, extended, substituted, refunded,
defeased, refinanced or replaced (plus the premiums or other payments paid
in connection therewith (which shall not exceed the stated amount of any
premium or other payments required to be paid in connection with such a
refinancing pursuant to the terms of the Indebtedness being renewed,
extended, substituted, refunded, defeased, refinanced or replaced) and the
expenses incurred in connection therewith); (b) with respect to Refinancing
Indebtedness of any Indebtedness other than Senior Debt, the Refinancing
Indebtedness shall have a Weighted Average Life to Maturity equal to or
greater than the Weighted Average Life to Maturity of the Indebtedness
being renewed, extended, substituted, refunded, defeased, refinanced or
replaced; and (c) with respect to Refinancing Indebtedness of Indebtedness
other than Senior Debt incurred by (1) the Company, such Refinancing
Indebtedness shall rank no more senior, and shall be at least as
subordinated, in right of payment to the Notes as the Indebtedness being
renewed, extended, substituted, refunded, defeased, refinanced or replaced,
and (2) a Subsidiary Guarantor, such Refinancing Indebtedness shall rank no
more senior, and shall be at least as subordinated, in right of
43
payment to the Subsidiary Guarantee as the Indebtedness being renewed,
extended, substituted, refunded, defeased, refinanced or replaced; and
(ix) Indebtedness of the Company and its Subsidiaries in addition to
that described in clauses (i) through (viii) above, and any renewals,
extensions, substitutions, refundings, refinancings or replacements of such
Indebtedness, so long as the aggregate principal amount of all such
Indebtedness incurred pursuant to this clause (ix) does not exceed $20.0
million at any one time outstanding.
For purposes of determining compliance with this covenant:
(1) In the event that an item of Indebtedness meets the criteria of more
than one of the categories of Indebtedness permitted pursuant to clauses
(i) through (ix) above, the Company shall, in its sole discretion, be
permitted to classify such item of Indebtedness in any manner that complies
with this covenant and may from time to time reclassify such items of
Indebtedness in any manner that would comply with this covenant at the time
of such reclassification;
(2) Indebtedness permitted by this covenant need not be permitted solely
by reference to one provision permitting such Indebtedness but may be
permitted in part by one such provision and in part by one or more other
provisions of this covenant permitting such Indebtedness;
(3) In the event that Indebtedness meets the criteria of more than one
of the types of Indebtedness described in this covenant, the Company, in
its sole discretion, shall classify such Indebtedness and only be required
to include the amount of such Indebtedness in one of such clauses; and
(4) Accrual of interest (including interest paid-in-kind) and the
accretion of accreted value will not be deemed to be an incurrence of
Indebtedness for purposes of this covenant.
Notwithstanding any other provision of this covenant:
(1) The maximum amount of Indebtedness that the Company or any
Subsidiary of the Company may incur pursuant to this covenant shall not be
deemed to be exceeded solely as a result of fluctuations in the exchange
rate of currencies; and
(2) Indebtedness incurred pursuant to the Senior Credit Facility prior
to or on the date of the Indenture shall be treated as incurred pursuant to
clause (i) of the first paragraph of this covenant.
Limitation on Restricted Payments. The Indenture provides that the Company
will not, and will not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, directly or
indirectly, make any Restricted Payment, unless at the time of and immediately
after giving effect to the proposed Restricted Payment (with the value of any
such Restricted Payment, if other than cash, to be determined by the Board of
Directors of the Company in good faith and which determination shall be
conclusive and evidenced by a board resolution), (i) no Default or Event of
Default (and no event that, after notice or lapse of time, or both, would become
an "event of default" under the terms of any other Indebtedness of the Company
or its Subsidiaries) shall have occurred and be continuing or would occur as a
consequence thereof, (ii) the Company could incur at least $1.00 of additional
Indebtedness pursuant to the first paragraph under "-- Covenants -Limitation on
Incurrence of Indebtedness" and (iii) the aggregate amount of all Restricted
Payments made after the Issue Date shall not exceed the sum of (a) an amount
equal to the Company's Cumulative Operating Cash Flow less 1.4 times the
Company's Cumulative Consolidated Interest Expense, plus (b) the aggregate
amount of all net cash proceeds received after the Issue Date by the Company
from the issuance and sale (other than to a Subsidiary of the Company) of
Capital Stock of the Company (other than Disqualified Stock) to the extent that
such proceeds are not used to redeem, repurchase, retire or otherwise acquire
Capital Stock or any Indebtedness of the Company or any Subsidiary of the
Company pursuant to clause (ii) of the next paragraph, plus (c) in the case of
the disposition or repayment of any Investment for cash, which Investment
constituted a Restricted Payment made after the Issue Date, an amount equal to
the lesser of the return of capital with respect to such Investment and the cost
of such Investment, in either case, reduced (but not below zero) by the excess,
if any, of the cost of the disposition of such Investment over the gain, if any,
realized by the Company or such Subsidiary in respect of such disposition.
44
The foregoing provisions will not prohibit, so long as there is no Default
or Event of Default continuing, the following actions (collectively, "Permitted
Payments"):
(i) the payment of any dividend within 60 days after the date of
declaration thereof, if at such declaration date such payment would have
been permitted under the Indenture;
(ii) the redemption, repurchase, retirement, defeasance or other
acquisition of any Capital Stock or any Indebtedness of the Company in
exchange for, or out of the proceeds of the sale (other than to a
Subsidiary of the Company), within six months prior to the consummation of
such redemption, repurchase, retirement, defeasance or other such
acquisition of any Capital Stock or Indebtedness of the Company, of Capital
Stock of the Company (other than any Disqualified Stock);
(iii) the repurchase, redemption or other repayment of any Subordinated
Debt of the Company or a Subsidiary Guarantor in exchange for, by
conversion into or solely out of the proceeds of the substantially
concurrent sale (other than to a Subsidiary of the Company) of Subordinated
Debt of the Company or such Subsidiary Guarantor with a Weighted Average
Life to Maturity equal to or greater than the then remaining Weighted
Average Life to Maturity of the Subordinated Debt repurchased, redeemed or
repaid;
(iv) the payment of ordinary dividends by the Company in respect of its
Capital Stock in the ordinary course of business on a basis consistent with
past practice in an aggregate amount not exceeding $2.5 million annually;
(v) Restricted Investments received as consideration in connection with
an Asset Sale made in compliance with the Indenture;
(vi) the making of a Restricted Investment out of the proceeds of the
sale (other than to a Subsidiary of the Company) within one year prior to
the making of such Restricted Investment of Capital Stock of the Company
(other than any Disqualified Stock);
(vii) the payment of any dividend or distribution by a Subsidiary that
is a Qualified Joint Venture to the holders of its Capital Stock on a pro
rata basis;
(viii) the repurchase, redemption or other acquisition or retirement for
value of any Capital Stock of the Company to effect the repurchase,
redemption, acquisition or retirement of Capital Stock that are held by any
member or former member of the Company's (or any Subsidiary's) management,
or by any of their respective directors, employees or consultants; provided
that the aggregate price paid for all such repurchased, redeemed, acquired
or retired Capital Stock may not exceed the sum of $750,000 in any calendar
year (with unused amounts in any calendar year being available to be so
utilized in succeeding calendar years);
(ix) repurchases of Capital Stock of the Company deemed to occur upon
the exercise of stock options;
(x) payments or distributions to dissenting stockholders pursuant to
applicable law in connection with a consolidation, merger, or transfer of
assets that complies with the provision of the Indenture applicable to
mergers, consolidations and transfers of all or substantially all of the
property and assets of the Company; and
(xi) other Restricted Payments not to exceed $10.0 million in the
aggregate.
In computing the amount of Restricted Payments for purposes of clause (iii)
of the second preceding paragraph, Restricted Payments made under clauses (i),
(iv), (vi), (viii) and (x) of the preceding paragraph shall be included and
Restricted Payments made under clauses (ii), (iii), (v), (vii), (ix) and (xi) of
the preceding paragraph shall not be included.
Limitation on Asset Sales. The Indenture provides that the Company will
not, and will not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, make any Asset Sale unless
(i) the Company or such Subsidiary, as the case may be, receives consideration
at the time of such Asset Sale at least equal to the fair market value
(determined by
45
the Board of Directors of the Company in good faith, which determination shall
be evidenced by a board resolution) of the assets or other property sold or
disposed of in the Asset Sale, and (ii) at least 75% of such consideration is in
the form of cash or Cash Equivalents; provided that for purposes of this
covenant "cash" shall include the amount of any liabilities (other than
liabilities that are by their terms subordinated to the Notes or any Subsidiary
Guarantee) of the Company or such Subsidiary (as shown on the Company's or such
Subsidiary's most recent balance sheet or in the notes thereto) that are assumed
by the transferee of any such assets or other property in such Asset Sale (and
excluding any liabilities that are incurred in connection with or in
anticipation of such Asset Sale), but only to the extent that such assumption is
effected on a basis under which there is no further recourse to the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries with respect to such liabilities.
Notwithstanding clause (ii) above, (a) all or a portion of the
consideration for any such Asset Sale may consist of all or substantially all of
the assets or a majority of the Voting Stock of an existing television business,
franchise or station (whether existing as a separate entity, subsidiary,
division, unit or otherwise) or any business directly related thereto, (b) Asset
Sales involving assets which are not television or publishing businesses,
franchises or stations and having an aggregate value (as measured by the value
of the consideration being paid for such assets) not in excess of $40.0 million
may be made without regard to clause (ii) above, and (c) the Company may, and
may permit its Subsidiaries to, issue shares of Capital Stock in a Qualified
Joint Venture to a Qualified Joint Venture Partner without regard to clause (ii)
above; provided, that, in the case of any of (a), (b) or (c) of this sentence
after giving effect to any such Asset Sale and related acquisition of assets or
Voting Stock, (x) no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred or be
continuing; and (y) the Net Proceeds of any such Asset Sale, if any, are applied
in accordance with this covenant.
Within 360 days after any Asset Sale, the Company may elect to apply or
cause to be applied the Net Proceeds from such Asset Sale to (a) permanently
reduce any Senior Debt of the Company or any Guarantor Senior Debt, and/or (b)
make an investment in, or acquire assets directly related to, the business of
the Company and its Subsidiaries existing on the Issue Date. Pending the final
application of any such Net Proceeds, the Company may temporarily reduce Senior
Debt of the Company or any Guarantor Senior Debt or temporarily invest such Net
Proceeds in any manner permitted by the Indenture. Any Net Proceeds from an
Asset Sale not applied or invested as provided in the first sentence of this
paragraph within 360 days of such Asset Sale will be deemed to constitute
"Excess Proceeds" on the 361st day after such Asset Sale.
As soon as practical, but in no event later than 10 business days after any
date (an "Asset Sale Offer Trigger Date") that the aggregate amount of Excess
Proceeds exceeds $5.0 million, the Company shall commence an offer to purchase
the maximum principal amount of Notes that may be purchased out of all such
Excess Proceeds (an "Asset Sale Offer") at a price in cash equal to 100% of the
principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of
purchase. To the extent that any Excess Proceeds remain after completion of an
Asset Sale Offer, the Company may use the remaining amount for general corporate
purposes and such amount shall no longer constitute "Excess Proceeds."
Within 30 days following any Asset Sale Offer Trigger Date, the Company
shall mail to each holder of Notes at such holder's registered address a notice
stating: (i) that an Asset Sale Offer Trigger Date has occurred and that the
Company is offering to purchase the maximum principal amount of Notes that may
be purchased out of the Excess Proceeds, at an offer price in cash equal to 100%
of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of
purchase (the "Asset Sale Offer Purchase Date"), which shall be a business day,
specified in such notice, that is not earlier than 30 days or later than 60 days
from the date such notice is mailed, (ii) the amount of accrued and unpaid
interest as of the Asset Sale Offer Purchase Date, (iii) that any Note not
tendered will continue to accrue interest, (iv) that, unless the Company
defaults in the payment of the purchase price for the Notes payable pursuant to
the Asset Sale Offer, any Notes accepted for payment pursuant to the Asset Sale
Offer shall cease to accrue interest after the Asset Sale Offer Purchase Date,
(v) the procedures, consistent with the Indenture, to be followed by a holder of
Notes in order to accept an Asset Sale Offer or to withdraw such acceptance, and
(vi) such other information as may be required by the Indenture and applicable
laws and regulations.
On the Asset Sale Offer Purchase Date, the Company will (i) accept for
payment the maximum principal amount of Notes or portions thereof tendered
pursuant to the Asset Sale Offer that can be purchased
46
out of Excess Proceeds from such Asset Sale, (ii) deposit with the Paying Agent
the aggregate purchase price of all Notes or portions thereof accepted for
payment and any accrued and unpaid interest on such Notes as of the Asset Sale
Offer Purchase Date, and (iii) deliver or cause to be delivered to the Trustee
all Notes tendered pursuant to the Asset Sale Offer. If less than all Notes
tendered pursuant to the Asset Sale Offer are accepted for payment by the
Company for any reason consistent with the Indenture, selection of the Notes to
be purchased by the Company shall be in compliance with the requirements of the
principal national securities exchange, if any, on which the Notes are listed
or, if the Notes are not so listed, on a pro rata basis, by lot or by such
method as the Trustee shall deem fair and appropriate; provided that Notes
accepted for payment in part shall only be purchased in integral multiples of
$1,000. The Paying Agent shall promptly mail to each holder of Notes or portions
thereof accepted for payment an amount equal to the purchase price for such
Notes plus any accrued and unpaid interest thereon, and the Trustee shall
promptly authenticate and mail to such holder of Notes accepted for payment in
part a new Note equal in principal amount to any unpurchased portion of the
Notes, and any Note not accepted for payment in whole or in part shall be
promptly returned to the holder of such Note. On and after an Asset Sale Offer
Purchase Date, interest will cease to accrue on the Notes or portions thereof
accepted for payment, unless the Company defaults in the payment of the purchase
price therefor. The Company will announce the results of the Asset Sale Offer to
holders of the Notes on or as soon as practicable after the Asset Sale Offer
Purchase Date.
The Company will comply with the applicable tender offer rules, including
the requirements of Rule 14e-1 under the Exchange Act, and all other applicable
securities laws and regulations in connection with any Asset Sale Offer.
Limitation on Liens. The Indenture provides that the Company will not, and
will not permit any Subsidiary Guarantor to, directly or indirectly, create,
incur, assume or suffer to exist any Lien (other than Permitted Liens) on any
asset now owned or hereafter acquired, or any income or profits therefrom or
assign or convey any right to receive income therefrom to secure any
Indebtedness; provided that in addition to creating Permitted Liens on its
properties or assets, (i) the Company may create any Lien upon any of its
properties or assets (including, but not limited to, any Capital Stock of its
Subsidiaries) if the Notes are equally and ratably secured therewith, and (ii) a
Subsidiary Guarantor may create any Lien upon any of its properties or assets
(including, but not limited to, any Capital Stock of its Subsidiaries) if its
Subsidiary Guarantee is equally and ratably secured therewith; provided,
however, that if (a) the Company creates any Lien on its assets to secure any
Subordinated Indebtedness of the Company, the Company shall also create a Lien
to secure the Notes and the Lien securing such Subordinated Indebtedness shall
be subordinated and junior to the Lien securing the Notes with the same or
lesser priorities as the Subordinated Indebtedness shall have with respect to
the Notes, and (b) a Subsidiary Guarantor creates any Lien on its assets to
secure any Subordinated Indebtedness of such Subsidiary Guarantor, the
Subsidiary Guarantor shall also create a Lien to secure the Subsidiary Guarantee
and the Lien securing such Subordinated Indebtedness shall be subordinated and
junior to the Lien securing the Subsidiary Guarantee of such Subsidiary
Guarantor with the same or lesser priorities as the Subordinated Indebtedness
shall have with respect to the Subsidiary Guarantee of such Subsidiary
Guarantor.
Limitation on Dividends and Other Payment Restrictions Affecting
Subsidiaries. The Indenture provides that the Company will not, and will not
permit any of its Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, create or otherwise
cause or suffer to exist or become effective any encumbrance or restriction on
the ability of any Subsidiary of the Company to (i) pay dividends or make any
other distributions to the Company or any other Subsidiary of the Company on its
Capital Stock or with respect to any other interest or participation in, or
measured by, its profits, or pay any Indebtedness owed to the Company or any
other Subsidiary of the Company, (ii) make loans or advances to the Company or
any other Subsidiary of the Company, or (iii) transfer any of its properties or
assets to the Company or any other Subsidiary of the Company (collectively,
"Payment Restrictions"), except for such encumbrances or restrictions existing
under or by reason of (a) the Senior Credit Facility as in effect on the Issue
Date, and any amendments, restatements, renewals, replacements or refinancings
thereof; provided that such amendments, restatements, renewals, replacements or
refinancings are no more restrictive in the aggregate with respect to such
dividend and other payment restrictions than those contained in the Senior
Credit Facility immediately prior to any such
47
amendment, restatement, renewal, replacement or refinancing, (b) applicable law,
(c) any instrument governing Indebtedness or Capital Stock of an Acquired Person
acquired by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries as in effect at the time of
such acquisition (except to the extent such Indebtedness was incurred in
connection with such acquisition); provided that such restriction is not
applicable to any Person, or the properties or assets of any Person, other than
the Acquired Person, (d) customary non-assignment provisions in leases entered
into in the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practices, (e)
purchase money Indebtedness for property acquired in the ordinary course of
business that only impose restrictions on the property so acquired, (f) an
agreement for the sale or disposition of the Capital Stock or assets of such
Subsidiary; provided that such restriction is only applicable to such Subsidiary
or assets, as applicable, and such sale or disposition otherwise is permitted
under the covenant described under "-- Covenants -- Limitation on Asset Sales";
and provided, further, that such restriction or encumbrance shall be effective
only for a period from the execution and delivery of such agreement through a
termination date not later than 270 days after such execution and delivery, and
(g) Refinancing Indebtedness permitted under the Indenture; provided that the
restrictions contained in the agreements governing such Refinancing Indebtedness
are not more restrictive in the aggregate than those contained in the agreements
governing the Indebtedness being refinanced immediately prior to such
refinancing.
Limitation on Transactions with Affiliates. The Indenture provides that
the Company will not, and will not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, directly
or indirectly, enter into or suffer to exist any transaction or series of
related transactions (including, without limitation, the sale, purchase,
exchange or lease of assets, property or services) with any Affiliate of the
Company or any beneficial owner of ten percent or more of any class of Capital
Stock of the Company or any Subsidiary Guarantor unless (i) such transaction or
series of transactions is on terms that are no less favorable to the Company or
such Subsidiary, as the case may be, than would be available in a comparable
transaction in arm's-length dealings with an unrelated third party, and (ii) (a)
with respect to any transaction or series of transactions involving aggregate
payments in excess of $1.0 million, the Company delivers an officers certificate
to the Trustee certifying that such transaction or series of related
transactions complies with clause (i) above and such transaction or series of
related transactions has been approved by a majority of the members of the Board
of Directors of the Company (and approved by a majority of the Independent
Directors or, in the event there is only one Independent Director, by such
Independent Director), and (b) with respect to any transaction or series of
transactions involving aggregate payments in excess of $5.0 million, the Company
delivers to the Trustee an opinion to the effect that such transaction or series
of transactions is fair to the Company or such Subsidiary from a financial point
of view issued by an investment banking firm of national standing.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, this provision will not apply to (i) employment
agreements or compensation or employee benefit arrangements with any officer,
director or employee of the Company entered into in the ordinary course of
business (including customary benefits thereunder), (ii) any transaction entered
into by or among the Company or any Subsidiary Guarantor and one or more
Subsidiary Guarantors, and (iii) transactions pursuant to agreements existing on
the Issue Date.
Limitation on Incurrence of Senior Subordinated Indebtedness. The Indenture
provides that (i) the Company will not, directly or indirectly, incur, create,
issue, assume, guarantee or otherwise become liable for any Indebtedness that is
subordinated or junior in right of payment to any Indebtedness of the Company
and senior in any respect in right of payment to the Notes, and (ii) the Company
will not, directly or indirectly, permit any Subsidiary Guarantor to incur,
create, issue, assume, guarantee or otherwise become liable for any Indebtedness
that is subordinated or junior in right of payment to any Indebtedness of such
Subsidiary Guarantor and senior in any respect in right of payment to the
Subsidiary Guarantee of such Subsidiary Guarantor.
Limitation on Issuance and Sale of Capital Stock of Subsidiaries. The
Indenture provides that the Company (a) will not, and will not permit any
Subsidiary of the Company to, transfer, convey, sell or otherwise dispose of any
shares of Capital Stock of such Subsidiary or any other Subsidiary (other than
to the Company or a Subsidiary Guarantor) except that the Company and any
Subsidiary may, in any single transaction, sell all, but not less than all, of
the issued and outstanding Capital Stock of any subsidiary to any Person,
subject to complying with the provisions of the Indenture applicable to such
sale and (b) will not
48
permit any Subsidiary of the Company to issue shares of its Capital Stock (other
than directors' qualifying shares), or securities convertible into, or warrants,
rights or options to subscribe for or purchase shares of, its Capital Stock to
any Person other than to the Company or a Subsidiary Guarantor; provided that
the Company may, and may permit a Subsidiary of the Company to, (x) issue shares
of Capital Stock in a Qualified Joint Venture to a Qualified Joint Venture
Partner and (y) issue a majority of the shares of Capital Stock of a Paging
Subsidiary and a Satellite Uplink Subsidiary in accordance with the covenant
described under "-- Covenants -- Limitation on Asset Sales" (provided, however,
that any shares of Capital Stock issued pursuant to the foregoing clauses (x) or
(y) to any Person other than the Company or a Subsidiary Guarantor shall be of
the most junior class of Capital Stock of such issuing Person and shall, in no
event, constitute Preferred Stock of such issuing Person).
Future Subsidiary Guarantors. The Indenture provides that the Company
shall cause each Subsidiary of the Company formed or acquired after the Issue
Date to issue a Subsidiary Guarantee and execute and deliver an indenture
supplemental to the Indenture as a Subsidiary Guarantor.
Provision of Financial Statements. The Indenture provides that, whether or
not the Company is then subject to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act,
the Company will file with the Commission, so long as the Notes are outstanding,
the annual reports, quarterly reports and other periodic reports which the
Company would have been required to file with the Commission pursuant to such
Section 13(a) or 15(d) if the Company were so subject, and such documents shall
be filed with the Commission on or prior to the respective dates (the "Required
Filing Dates") by which the Company would have been required so to file such
documents if the Company were so subject. The Company will also in any event (i)
within 15 days of each Required Filing Date, (a) transmit by mail to all holders
of Notes, as their names and addresses appear in the Note register, without cost
to such holders and (b) file with the Trustee copies of the annual reports,
quarterly reports and other periodic reports which the Company would have been
required to file with the Commission pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the
Exchange Act if the Company were subject to such Sections and (ii) if filing
such documents by the Company with the Commission is prohibited under the
Exchange Act, promptly upon written request and payment of the reasonable cost
of duplication and delivery, supply copies of such documents to any prospective
holder at the Company's cost.
Deposit with Old Notes Trustee; Consummation of Old Notes Redemption. The
Indenture provides that the Company was to (a) deposit cash with the Old Notes
Trustee in an amount equal to $173,769,666.67 (or such lesser amount as may have
been required) in order to consummate the Old Notes Redemption and (b)
simultaneously with the issuance of the Notes take all other actions necessary
to redeem the Old Notes. The Old Notes Redemption has been consummated in
accordance with this covenant.
Additional Covenants. The Indenture also contains covenants with respect
to the following matters: (i) payment of principal, premium and interest; (ii)
maintenance of an office or agency in the City of New York; (iii) maintenance of
corporate existence; (iv) payment of taxes and other claims; (v) maintenance of
properties; and (vi) maintenance of insurance.
MERGER, CONSOLIDATION AND SALE OF ASSETS
The Indenture provides that the Company shall not consolidate or merge with
or into (whether or not the Company is the Surviving Person), or, directly or
indirectly through one or more Subsidiaries, sell, assign, transfer, lease,
convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its properties or
assets in one or more related transactions, to another Person or Persons unless
(i) the Surviving Person is a corporation organized or existing under the laws
of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia; (ii) the
Surviving Person (if other than the Company) assumes all the obligations of the
Company under the Notes and the Indenture pursuant to a supplemental indenture
in a form reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee; (iii) at the time of and
immediately after such Disposition, no Default or Event of Default shall have
occurred and be continuing; and (iv) the Surviving Person will (A) have
Consolidated Net Worth (immediately after giving effect to the Disposition on a
pro forma basis) equal to or greater than the Consolidated Net Worth of the
Company immediately preceding the transaction, and (B) at the time of such
Disposition and after giving pro forma effect thereto, the Surviving Person
would be permitted to incur at least $1.00 of additional
49
Indebtedness pursuant to the first paragraph of the covenant described under
"-- Covenants -- Limitation on Incurrence of Indebtedness."
In the event of any transaction (other than a lease) described in and
complying with the conditions listed in the immediately preceding paragraph in
which the Company is not the Surviving Person and the Surviving Person is to
assume all the obligations of the Company under the Notes and the Indenture
pursuant to a supplemental indenture, such Surviving Person shall succeed to,
and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the Company,
and the Company would be discharged from its obligations under the Indenture and
the Notes; provided that solely for the purpose of calculating amounts described
in clause (iii) under "-- Covenants -- Limitation on Restricted Payments," any
such Surviving Person shall only be deemed to have succeeded to and be
substituted for the Company with respect to the period subsequent to the
effective time of such transaction (and the Company (before giving effect to
such transaction) shall be deemed to be the "Company" for such purposes for all
prior periods).
EVENTS OF DEFAULT
The Indenture provides that each of the following constitutes an Event of
Default:
(i) a default for 30 days in the payment when due of interest on any
Note (whether or not prohibited by the subordination provisions of the
Indenture);
(ii) a default in the payment when due of principal on any Note (whether
or not prohibited by the subordination provisions of the Indenture),
whether upon maturity, acceleration, optional or mandatory redemption,
required repurchase or otherwise;
(iii) a default in the covenant described under "-- Covenants -- Deposit
with Old Notes Trustee; Consummation of Old Notes Redemption";
(iv) failure to perform or comply with any covenant, agreement or
warranty in the Indenture (other than the defaults specified in clauses
(i), (ii) and (iii) above) which failure continues for 30 days after
written notice thereof has been given to the Company by the Trustee or to
the Company and the Trustee by the holders of at least 25% in aggregate
principal amount of the then outstanding Notes;
(v) the occurrence of one or more defaults under any agreements,
indentures or instruments under which the Company or any Subsidiary of the
Company then has outstanding Indebtedness in excess of $5.0 million in the
aggregate and, if not already matured at its final maturity in accordance
with its terms, such Indebtedness shall have been accelerated;
(vi) except as permitted by the Indenture, any Subsidiary Guarantee
shall for any reason cease to be, or be asserted in writing by any
Subsidiary Guarantor or the Company not to be, in full force and effect and
enforceable in accordance with its terms;
(vii) one or more judgments, orders or decrees for the payment of money
in excess of $5.0 million, either individually or in the aggregate shall be
entered against the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company or any of
their respective properties and which judgments, orders or decrees are not
paid, discharged, bonded or stayed for a period of 60 days after their
entry;
(viii) any holder or holders of at least $5.0 million in aggregate
principal amount of Indebtedness of the Company or any Subsidiary of the
Company after a default under such Indebtedness (a) shall notify the
Company or the Trustee of the intended sale or disposition of any assets of
the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company with an aggregate fair market
value (as determined in good faith by the Company's Board of Directors,
which determination shall be evidenced by a board resolution), individually
or in the aggregate, of at least $5.0 million that have been pledged to or
for the benefit of such holder or holders to secure such Indebtedness or
(b) shall commence proceedings, or take any action (including by way of
set-off), to retain in satisfaction of such Indebtedness, or to collect on,
seize, dispose of or apply in satisfaction of such Indebtedness, such
assets of the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company (including funds on
deposit or held pursuant to lock-box and other similar arrangements);
50
(ix) there shall have been the entry by a court of competent
jurisdiction of (a) a decree or order for relief in respect of the Company
or any Subsidiary of the Company in an involuntary case or proceeding under
any applicable Bankruptcy Law or (b) a decree or order adjudging the
Company or any Subsidiary of the Company bankrupt or insolvent, or seeking
reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition of or in respect of
the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company under any applicable federal
or state law, or appointing a custodian, receiver, liquidator, assignee,
trustee, sequestrator (or other similar official) of the Company or any
Subsidiary of the Company or of any substantial part of their respective
properties, or ordering the winding up or liquidation of their affairs, and
any such decree or order for relief shall continue to be in effect, or any
such other decree or order shall be unstayed and in effect, for a period of
60 days; or
(x) (a) the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company commences a
voluntary case or proceeding under any applicable Bankruptcy Law or any
other case or proceeding to be adjudicated bankrupt or insolvent, (b) the
Company or any Subsidiary of the Company consents to the entry of a decree
or order for relief in respect of the Company or such Subsidiary of the
Company in an involuntary case or proceeding under any applicable
Bankruptcy Law or to the commencement of any bankruptcy or insolvency case
or proceeding against it, (c) the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company
files a petition or answer or consent seeking reorganization or relief
under any applicable federal or state law, (d) the Company or any
Subsidiary of the Company (x) consents to the filing of such petition or
the appointment of or taking possession by, a custodian, receiver,
liquidator, assignee, trustee, sequestrator or other similar official of
the Company or such Subsidiary of the Company or of any substantial part of
their respective property, (y) makes an assignment for the benefit of
creditors or (z) admits in writing its inability to pay its debts generally
as they become due or (e) the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company
takes any corporate action in furtherance of any such actions in this
paragraph (x).
If any Event of Default (other than as specified in clause (ix) or (x) of
the preceding paragraph with respect to the Company or any Subsidiary Guarantor)
occurs and is continuing, the Trustee or the holders of at least 25% in
aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding Notes may, and the Trustee at
the request of such holders shall, declare all the Notes to be due and payable
immediately. In the case of an Event of Default arising from the events
specified in clause (ix) or (x) of the preceding paragraph with respect to the
Company or any Subsidiary Guarantor, the principal of, premium, if any, and any
accrued and unpaid interest on all outstanding Notes shall ipso facto become
immediately due and payable without further action or notice.
Holders of the Notes may not enforce the Indenture or the Notes except as
provided in the Indenture. The holders of a majority in aggregate principal
amount of the Notes then outstanding by notice to the Trustee may on behalf of
the holders of all the Notes waive any existing Default or Event of Default and
its consequences under the Indenture except (i) a continuing Default or Event of
Default in the payment of the principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on,
the Notes (which may only be waived with the consent of each holder of Notes
affected), or (ii) in respect of a covenant or provision which under the
Indenture cannot be modified or amended without the consent of each holder of
Notes affected. Subject to certain limitations, holders of a majority in
principal amount of the then outstanding Notes may direct the Trustee in its
exercise of any trust or power. The Trustee may withhold from holders of the
Notes notice of any continuing Default or Event of Default (except a Default or
Event of Default relating to the payment of principal, premium or interest) if
it determines that withholding notice is in their interest.
The Company is required to deliver to the Trustee annually a statement
regarding compliance with the Indenture, and the Company is required, upon
becoming aware of any Default or Event of Default, to deliver to the Trustee a
statement specifying such Default or Event of Default.
DEFEASANCE
The Company may, at its option and at any time, elect to have the
obligations of the Company discharged with respect to the outstanding Notes and
the Subsidiary Guarantees ("legal defeasance"). Such legal defeasance means that
the Company and the Subsidiary Guarantors shall be deemed to have paid and
51
discharged the entire indebtedness represented by the outstanding Notes and the
Subsidiary Guarantees and to have satisfied all other obligations under the
Notes, the Subsidiary Guarantees and the Indenture, except for (i) the rights of
holders of the outstanding Notes to receive, solely from the trust fund
described below, payments in respect of the principal of, premium, if any, and
interest on such Notes when such payments are due, (ii) the Company's
obligations with respect to the Notes concerning issuing temporary Notes,
registration of Notes, mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Notes, and the
maintenance of an office or agency for payment and money for security payments
held in trust, (iii) the rights, powers, trusts, duties and immunities of the
Trustee under the Indenture and (iv) the defeasance provisions of the Indenture.
In addition, the Company may, at its option and at any time, elect to have the
obligations of the Company and the Subsidiary Guarantors released with respect
to certain covenants that are described in the Indenture ("covenant defeasance")
and any omission to comply with such obligations shall not constitute a Default
or an Event of Default with respect to the Notes.
In order to exercise either legal defeasance or covenant defeasance, (i)
the Company shall irrevocably deposit with the Trustee, as trust funds in trust
for the benefit of the holders of the Notes, cash in United States dollars, U.S.
Government Obligations, or a combination thereof, maturing as to principal and
interest in such amounts as will be sufficient, without consideration of any
reinvestment of such interest, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of
independent public accountants or a nationally recognized investment banking
firm, to pay and discharge the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on
the outstanding Notes on the stated maturity of such principal or installment of
principal or interest; (ii) in the case of legal defeasance, the Company shall
have delivered to the Trustee an opinion of counsel in the United States
reasonably acceptable to the Trustee confirming that (A) the Company has
received from, or there has been published by, the Internal Revenue Service a
ruling or (B) since the date of the Indenture, there has been a change in the
applicable federal income tax law, in either case to the effect that, and based
thereon such opinion of counsel shall confirm that, the holders of the Notes
will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a
result of such legal defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on the
same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the
case if such legal defeasance had not occurred; (iii) in the case of covenant
defeasance, the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an opinion of
counsel in the United States reasonably acceptable to the Trustee confirming
that the holders of the Notes will not recognize income, gain or loss for
federal income tax purposes as a result of such covenant defeasance and will be
subject to federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the
same times as would have been the case if such covenant defeasance had not
occurred; (iv) no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be
continuing on the date of such deposit or insofar as clauses (ix) and (x) under
the first paragraph under "-- Events of Default" are concerned, at any time
during the period ending on the 91st day after the date of deposit; (v) such
legal defeasance or covenant defeasance shall not result in a breach or
violation of, or constitute a Default under, the Indenture or any other material
agreement or instrument to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound;
(vi) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an opinion of counsel to
the effect that (A) the trust funds will not be subject to any rights of holders
of Senior Debt or Guarantor Senior Debt of any Subsidiary Guarantor, including,
without limitation, those arising under the Indenture, after the 91st day
following the deposit and (B) after the 91st day following the deposit, the
trust funds will not be subject to the effect of any applicable bankruptcy,
insolvency, reorganization or similar laws affecting creditors' rights
generally; (vii) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an officers'
certificate stating that the deposit was not made by the Company with the intent
of preferring the holders of the Notes over the other creditors of the Company
with the intent of defeating, hindering, delaying or defrauding creditors of the
Company or others; (viii) no event or condition shall exist that would prevent
the Company from making payments of the principal of, premium, if any, and
interest on the Notes on the date of such deposit or at any time ending on the
91st day after the date of such deposit; (ix) the Company shall have delivered
to the Trustee an officers' certificate and an opinion of counsel, each stating
that all conditions precedent provided for relating to either the legal
defeasance or the covenant defeasance, as the case may be, have been complied
with; and (x) such deposit shall not violate the provisions described under
"-- Subordination."
52
SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE
The Indenture will cease to be of further effect (except as to surviving
rights of registration, transfer or exchange of the Notes, as expressly provided
for in the Indenture) as to all outstanding Notes when (i) either (a) all the
Notes theretofore authenticated and delivered (except lost, stolen or destroyed
Notes which have been replaced or paid) have been delivered to the Trustee for
cancellation or (b) all Notes not theretofore delivered for cancellation (x)
have become due and payable or (y) will become due and payable at their Stated
Maturity within one year or (z) are to be called for redemption within one year
under arrangements reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee, for the giving of
notice of redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense of, the
Company; and the Company or any Subsidiary Guarantor has irrevocably deposited
or caused to be deposited with the Trustee as trust funds in trust an amount in
United States dollars or direct obligations of, or obligations the principal of
and interest on which are unconditionally guaranteed by, the United States of
America (or by any agency thereof to the extent such obligations are backed by
the full faith and credit of the United States of America), in each case,
maturing prior to the date the Notes will have become due and payable, the
Stated Maturity of the Notes or the relevant redemption date of the Notes, as
the case may be, sufficient to pay and discharge the entire indebtedness on the
Notes not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, including
principal of, premium, if any, and accrued interest at maturity, Stated Maturity
or redemption date; and (ii) the Company or any Subsidiary Guarantor has paid or
caused to be paid all other sums payable under the Indenture by the Company and
any Subsidiary Guarantor; and (iii) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an
officers' certificate and an opinion of counsel each stating that all conditions
precedent under the Indenture relating to the satisfaction and discharge of the
Indenture have been complied with and that such satisfaction and discharge will
not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, the
Indenture or any other material agreement or instrument to which the Company,
any Subsidiary Guarantor or any Subsidiary is a party or by which the Company,
any Subsidiary Guarantor or any Subsidiary is bound.
MODIFICATIONS AND AMENDMENTS
Modifications and amendments of the Indenture or the Notes may be made by
the Company, the Subsidiary Guarantors and the Trustee with the written consent
of the holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the
then outstanding Notes; provided, however, that no such modification or
amendment may, without the consent of the holder of each outstanding Note
affected thereby: (i) change the stated maturity of the principal of, or any
installment of interest on, any Note, or reduce the principal amount thereof or
the rate of interest thereon or any premium payable upon the redemption thereof,
or change the coin or currency or the manner in which the principal of any Note
or any premium or the interest thereon is payable, or impair the right to
institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment after the stated maturity
thereof (or, in the case of redemption, on or after the redemption date); (ii)
extend the time for payment of interest on the Notes; (iii) alter the redemption
provisions in the Notes or the Indenture in a manner adverse to any holder of
the Notes; (iv) amend, change or modify the obligation of the Company to (x)
make and consummate a Change of Control Offer in the event of a Change of
Control or (y) make and consummate an Asset Sale Offer required pursuant to the
covenant described under "-- Covenants -- Limitation on Asset Sales", or modify
any of the provisions or definitions with respect to the obligations of the
Company referred to in clauses (x) or (y); (v) reduce the percentage in
principal amount of outstanding Notes, the consent of whose holders is required
for any amended or supplemental indenture or the consent of whose holders is
required for any waiver of compliance with any provision of the Indenture or any
Default thereunder and their consequences provided for in the Indenture; (vi)
modify any of the provisions of the Indenture relating to any amended or
supplemental indentures requiring the consent of holders or relating to the
waiver of past defaults or relating to the waiver of any covenant, except to
increase the percentage of outstanding Notes required for such actions or to
provide that any other provision of the Indenture cannot be modified or waived
without the consent of the holder of each Note affected thereby; (vii) except as
otherwise permitted under "-- Merger, Consolidation and Sale of Assets," consent
to the assignment or transfer by the Company of any of its rights and
obligations under the Indenture; (viii) modify any of the provisions of the
Indenture relating to the subordination of the Notes or the Subsidiary
Guarantees in a manner adverse to the holders of the Notes; (ix) modify the
ranking or priority of the Notes or any Subsidiary Guarantee; or
53
(x) release any Subsidiary Guarantor from any of its obligations under its
Subsidiary Guarantee other than in accordance with the terms of the Indenture;
and provided, further, that no such modification or amendment to any of the
subordination provisions of the Indenture or the Notes may be made without the
consent of a majority in interest of the holders of Senior Debt.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, without the consent of any holder of Notes,
the Company, the Subsidiary Guarantors and the Trustee may amend or supplement
the Indenture or the Notes to (i) cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency,
(ii) provide for uncertificated Notes in addition to or in place of certificated
Notes, (iii) provide for the assumption of the Company's obligations to the
holders of the Notes in the event of any Disposition involving the Company that
is permitted under the provisions of "-- Merger, Consolidation and Sale of
Assets" in which the Company is not the Surviving Person, (iv) make any change
that would provide any additional rights or benefits to the holders of the Notes
or does not adversely affect the interests of any holder, (v) comply with the
requirements of the Commission in order to effect or maintain the qualification
of the Indenture under the Trust Indenture Act or (vi) add additional Subsidiary
Guarantors.
THE TRUSTEE
In the event that the Trustee becomes a creditor of the Company, the
Indenture contains certain limitations on the rights of the Trustee to obtain
payment of claims in certain cases or to realize on certain property received in
respect of any such claim as security or otherwise. The Trustee will be
permitted to engage in other transactions; however, if it acquires any
conflicting interest it must eliminate such conflict within 90 days, apply to
the Commission for permission to continue as Trustee, or resign.
The holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the then
outstanding Notes will have the right to direct the time, method and place of
conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, subject to
certain exceptions. The Indenture provides that, in case an Event of Default has
occurred and has not been cured, the Trustee will be required, in the exercise
of its power, to use the degree of care of a prudent man in the conduct of his
own affairs. The Trustee will be under no obligation to exercise any of its
rights or powers under the Indenture at the request of any holder of Notes,
unless such holder shall have offered to the Trustee indemnity satisfactory to
the Trustee against any loss, liability or expense.
CERTAIN DEFINITIONS
Set forth below are certain defined terms used in the Indenture. Reference
is made to the Indenture for the definition of all other terms used in the
Indenture.
"Acquired Debt" means, with respect to any specified Person, Indebtedness
of any other Person (the "Acquired Person") existing at the time the Acquired
Person merges with or into, or becomes a Subsidiary of, such specified Person,
including Indebtedness incurred in connection with, or in contemplation of, the
Acquired Person merging with or into, or becoming a Subsidiary of, such
specified Person.
"Affiliate" means, with respect to any specified Person, any other Person
directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect
common control with such specified Person. For purposes of this definition,
"control" (including, with correlative meanings, the terms "controlling,"
"controlled by" and "under common control with") of any Person means the
possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the
direction of the management or policies of such Person, whether through the
ownership of voting securities, by agreement or otherwise.
"Asset Sale" means (i) any sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition by
the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company of any assets (including by way of
a sale-and-leaseback) other than in the ordinary course of business (provided
that the sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially
all of the assets of the Company shall not be an "Asset Sale" but instead shall
be governed by the provisions of the Indenture described under "-- Merger,
Consolidation and Sale of Assets") or (ii) the issuance or sale of Capital Stock
of any Subsidiary of the Company, in each case, whether in a single transaction
or a series of related transactions, to any Person (other than to the Company or
a Subsidiary Guarantor); provided that the
54
term "Asset Sale" shall not include any disposition or dispositions during any
twelve-month period of assets or property having a fair market value of less
than $300,000 in the aggregate.
"Bankruptcy Law" means Title 11, United States Bankruptcy Code of 1978, as
amended, or any similar United States federal or state law relating to
bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership, winding up, liquidation, reorganization or
relief of debtors, or any amendment to, succession to or change in any such law.
"Business Day" means any date which in not a Legal Holiday.
"Capital Lease Obligations" of any Person means the obligations to pay rent
or other amounts under a lease of (or other Indebtedness arrangements conveying
the right to use) real or personal property of such Person which are required to
be classified and accounted for as a capital lease or liability on the face of a
balance sheet of such Person in accordance with GAAP. The amount of such
obligations shall be the capitalized amount thereof in accordance with GAAP and
the stated maturity thereof shall be the date of the last payment of rent or any
other amount due under such lease prior to the first date upon which such lease
may be terminated by the lessee without payment of a penalty.
"Capital Stock" of any Person means any and all shares, interests, rights
to purchase, warrants, options, participations or other equivalents of or
interests in (however designated) corporate stock or other equity
participations, including partnership interests, whether general or limited, of
such Person, including any Preferred Stock.
"Cash Equivalents" means (i) marketable direct obligations issued or
guaranteed by the United States of America, or any governmental entity or agency
or political subdivision thereof (provided, that the full faith and credit of
the United States of America is pledged in support thereof) maturing within one
year of the date of purchase; (ii) commercial paper issued by corporations, each
of which shall have a consolidated net worth of at least $500 million, maturing
within 180 days from the date of the original issue thereof, and rated "P-1" or
better by Moody's Investors Service or "A-1" or better by Standard & Poor's
Corporation or an equivalent rating or better by any other nationally recognized
securities rating agency; and (iii) certificates of deposit issued or
acceptances accepted by or guaranteed by any bank or trust company organized
under the laws of the United States of America or any state thereof or the
District of Columbia, in each case having capital, surplus and undivided profits
totaling more than $500 million, maturing within one year of the date of
purchase and (iv) any money market fund sponsored by a registered broker dealer
or mutual fund distributor (including the Trustee) that invests solely in the
securities specified in the foregoing clauses (i), (ii) or (iii).
"Change of Control" means the occurrence of any of the following events:
(a) any "person" or "group" (as such terms are used in Sections 13(d)
and 14(d) of the Exchange Act), disregarding the Permitted Holders, becomes
the "beneficial owner" (as defined in Rules 13d-3 and 13d-5 under the
Exchange Act, except that a person or group shall be deemed to have
beneficial ownership of all shares of Capital Stock that such person or
group has the right to acquire regardless of when such right is first
exercisable), directly or indirectly, of more than 35% of the total voting
power represented by the outstanding Voting Stock of the Company; provided
that the Permitted Holders "beneficially own" (as so defined) a lesser
percentage of such Voting Stock than such other Person and do not have the
right or ability by voting power, contract or otherwise to elect or
designate for election a majority of the Board of Directors of the Company;
(b) the Company merges with or into another Person or sells, assigns,
conveys, transfers, leases or otherwise disposes of all or substantially
all of its assets to any Person, or any Person merges with or into the
Company, in any such event pursuant to a transaction in which the
outstanding Voting Stock of the Company is converted into or exchanged for
cash, securities or other property, other than any such transaction where
(x) the outstanding Voting Stock of the Company is converted into or
exchanged for Voting Stock (other than Disqualified Stock) of the surviving
or transferee corporation and (y) immediately after such transaction no
"person" or "group" (as such terms are used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of
the Exchange Act), disregarding the Permitted Holders, is the "beneficial
owner" (as defined in Rules 13d-3 and 13d-5 under the Exchange Act, except
that a person or group shall be deemed to have beneficial ownership of all
shares of Capital Stock that such person or group has the
55
right to acquire regardless of when such right is first exercisable),
directly or indirectly, of more than 35% of the total voting power
represented by the outstanding Voting Stock of the surviving or transferee
corporation;
(c) during any consecutive two-year period, individuals who at the
beginning of such period constituted the Board of Directors of the Company
(together with any new directors whose election by the Board of Directors
of the Company or whose nomination for election by the stockholders of the
Company was approved by (x) a vote of at least a majority of the directors
then still in office who were either directors at the beginning of such
period or whose election or nomination for election was previously so
approved (as described in this clause (x) or in the following clause (y))
or (y) Permitted Holders that are "beneficial owners" (as defined in Rules
13d-3 and 13d-5 under the Exchange Act) of a majority of the total voting
power represented by the outstanding Voting Stock of the Company) cease for
any reason to constitute a majority of the Board then in office; or
(d) the Company is liquidated or dissolved or adopts a plan of
liquidation.
"Consolidated Interest Expense" means, with respect to any period, the sum
of (i) the interest expense of the Company and its Subsidiaries for such period,
determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP consistently applied,
including, without limitation, (a) amortization of debt discount, (b) the net
payments, if any, under interest rate contracts (including amortization of
discounts) and (c) accrued interest, plus (ii) the interest component of the
Capital Lease Obligations paid, accrued and/or scheduled to be paid or accrued
by the Company during such period, and all capitalized interest of the Company
and its Subsidiaries, in each case as determined on a consolidated basis in
accordance with GAAP consistently applied.
"Consolidated Net Income" means, with respect to any period, the net income
(or loss) of the Company and its Subsidiaries for such period, determined on a
consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP consistently applied, adjusted, to
the extent included in calculating such net income (or loss), by excluding,
without duplication, (i) all extraordinary gains but not losses, (ii) the
portion of net income (or loss) of the Company and its Subsidiaries allocable to
interests in unconsolidated Persons, except to the extent of the amount of
dividends or distributions actually paid to the Company or its Subsidiaries by
such other Person during such period, (iii) net income (or loss) of any Person
combined with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries on a "pooling of interests"
basis attributable to any period prior to the date of combination, (iv) net gain
but not losses in respect of Asset Sales, (v) the net income of any Subsidiary
to the extent that the declaration of dividends or similar distributions by that
Subsidiary of that income to the Company is not at the time permitted, directly
or indirectly, by operation of the terms of its charter or any agreement,
instrument, judgment, decree, order, statute, rule or governmental regulation
applicable to that Subsidiary or its stockholders, (vi) the net income of any
Qualified Joint Venture in excess of the dividends and distributions paid by
such Qualified Joint Venture to the Company or a Subsidiary Guarantor, or (vii)
the net loss of any Qualified Joint Venture.
"Consolidated Net Worth" means, with respect to any Person on any date, the
equity of the common and preferred stockholders of such Person and its
Subsidiaries as of such date, determined on a consolidated basis in accordance
with GAAP consistently applied.
"Cumulative Consolidated Interest Expense" means, as of any date of
determination, Consolidated Interest Expense less non-cash amortization of
deferred financing costs from the last day of the month immediately preceding
the Issue Date to the last day of the most recently ended month prior to such
date, taken as a single accounting period.
"Cumulative Operating Cash Flow" means, as of any date of determination,
Operating Cash Flow from the last day of the month immediately preceding the
Issue Date to the last day of the most recently ended month prior to such date,
taken as a single accounting period.
"Debt To Operating Cash Flow Ratio" means, with respect to any date of
determination, the ratio of (i) the aggregate principal amount of all
outstanding Indebtedness of the Company and its Subsidiaries as of such date on
a consolidated basis to (ii) Operating Cash Flow of the Company and its
Subsidiaries on a
56
consolidated basis for the four most recent full fiscal quarters ending on or
immediately prior to such date, determined on a pro formabasis after giving pro
forma effect to (a) the incurrence of all Indebtedness to be incurred on such
date and (if applicable) the application of the net proceeds therefrom,
including to refinance other Indebtedness, as if such Indebtedness was incurred,
and the application of such proceeds occurred, at the beginning of such
four-quarter period; (b) the incurrence, repayment or retirement of any other
Indebtedness by the Company and its Subsidiaries since the first day of such
four-quarter period as if such Indebtedness was incurred, repaid or retired at
the beginning of such four-quarter period (except that, in making such
computation, the amount of Indebtedness under any revolving credit facility
shall be computed based upon the average balance of such Indebtedness at the end
of each month during such four-quarter period); (c) in the case of Acquired
Debt, the related acquisition as if such acquisition had occurred at the
beginning of such four-quarter period; and (d) any acquisition or disposition by
the Company and its Subsidiaries of any company or any business or any assets
out of the ordinary course of business, or any related repayment of
Indebtedness, in each case since the first day of such four-quarter period,
assuming such acquisition or disposition had been consummated on the first day
of such four-quarter period. In addition, the consolidated net income of a
Person with outstanding Indebtedness or Capital Stock providing for a Payment
Restriction which is permitted to exist by reason of clause (c) of the covenant
described under "-- Covenants -- Limitation on Dividends and Other Payment
Restrictions Affecting Subsidiaries" shall not be taken into account in
determining whether any Indebtedness is permitted to be incurred under the
Indenture.
"Default" means any event that is, or after the giving of notice or passage
of time or both would be, an Event of Default.
"Designated Senior Debt" means (i) any Senior Debt outstanding under the
Senior Credit Facility and (ii) if no Senior Debt is outstanding under the
Senior Credit Facility, any other Senior Debt of the Company permitted to be
incurred under the Indenture the principal amount of which is $50.0 million or
more at the time of the designation of such Senior Debt as "Designated Senior
Debt" by the Company in a written instrument delivered to the Trustee.
"Disposition" means, with respect to any Person, any merger, consolidation
or other business combination involving such Person (whether or not such Person
is the Surviving Person) or the sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or
other disposition of all or substantially all of such Person's assets.
"Disqualified Stock" means any Capital Stock that, by its terms (or by the
terms of any security into which it is convertible or for which it is
exchangeable), or upon the happening of any event, matures or is mandatorily
redeemable, pursuant to a sinking fund obligation or otherwise, or is redeemable
at the option of the holder thereof, in whole or in part on or prior to the
stated maturity of the Notes.
"Exchange Act" means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
"Film Contracts" means contracts with suppliers that convey the right to
broadcast specified films, videotape motion pictures, syndicated television
programs or sports or other programming.
"GAAP" means generally accepted accounting principles set forth in the
opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting Principles Board of the American
Institute of Certified Public Accountants and statements and pronouncements of
the Financial Accounting Standards Board or in such other statements by such
other entity as have been approved by a significant segment of the accounting
profession, which are in effect on the Issue Date.
"Guarantee" by any Person means any obligation, contingent or otherwise, of
such Person guaranteeing any Indebtedness of any other Person (the "primary
obligor") in any manner, whether directly or indirectly, and including, without
limitation, any obligation of such Person (i) to purchase or pay (or advance or
supply funds for the purchase or payment of) such Indebtedness or to purchase
(or to advance or supply funds for the purchase of) any security for the payment
of such Indebtedness, (ii) to purchase property, securities or services for the
purpose of assuring the holder of such Indebtedness of the payment of such
Indebtedness, or (iii) to maintain working capital, equity capital or other
financial statement condition or liquidity of the primary obligor so as to
enable the primary obligor to pay such Indebtedness (and "guaranteed,"
"guaranteeing" and "guarantor" shall have meanings correlative to the
foregoing); provided, however, that the guarantee
57
by any Person shall not include endorsements by such Person for collection or
deposit, in either case, in the ordinary course of business.
"Indebtedness" means, with respect to any Person, without duplication, and
whether or not contingent, (i) all indebtedness of such Person for borrowed
money or for the deferred purchase price of property or services or which is
evidenced by a note, bond, debenture or similar instrument, (ii) all Capital
Lease Obligations of such Person, (iii) all obligations of such Person in
respect of letters of credit or bankers' acceptances issued or created for the
account of such Person, (iv) all Interest Rate Agreement Obligations of such
Person, (v) all liabilities secured by any Lien on any property owned by such
Person even if such Person has not assumed or otherwise become liable for the
payment thereof to the extent of the lesser of (x) the amount of the Obligation
so secured and (y) the fair market value of the property subject to such Lien,
(vi) all obligations to purchase, redeem, retire, or otherwise acquire for value
any Capital Stock of such Person, or any warrants, rights or options to acquire
such Capital Stock, now or hereafter outstanding, (vii) to the extent not
included in (vi), all Disqualified Stock issued by such Person, valued at the
greater of its voluntary or involuntary maximum fixed repurchase price plus
accrued and unpaid dividends thereon, and (viii) to the extent not otherwise
included, any guarantee by such Person of any other Person's indebtedness or
other obligations described in clauses (i) through (vii) above. "Indebtedness"
of the Company and its Subsidiaries shall not include current trade payables
incurred in the ordinary course of business and payable in accordance with
customary practices, and non-interest bearing installment obligations and
accrued liabilities incurred in the ordinary course of business which are not
more than 90 days past due. For purposes hereof, the "maximum fixed repurchase
price" of any Disqualified Stock which does not have a fixed repurchase price
shall be calculated in accordance with the terms of such Disqualified Stock as
if such Disqualified Stock were purchased on any date on which Indebtedness
shall be required to be determined pursuant to the Indenture, and if such price
is based upon, or measured by the fair market value of, such Disqualified Stock,
such fair market value is to be determined in good faith by the board of
directors of the issuer of such Disqualified Stock.
"Independent Director" means a director of the Company other than a
director (i) who (apart from being a director of the Company or any Subsidiary)
is an employee, associate or Affiliate of the Company or a Subsidiary or has
held any such position during the previous five years, or (ii) who is a
director, employee, associate or Affiliate of another party to the transaction
in question.
"Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding" means, with respect to any Person,
any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of such Person, or any bankruptcy,
reorganization, insolvency, receivership or similar proceeding with respect to
such Person, whether voluntary or involuntary.
"Interest Rate Agreement Obligations" means, with respect to any Person,
the Obligations of such Person under (i) interest rate swap agreements, interest
rate cap agreements and interest rate collar agreements, and (ii) other
agreements or arrangements designed to protect such Person against fluctuations
in interest rates.
"Investments" means, with respect to any Person, all investments by such
Person in other Persons (including Affiliates of such Person) in the form of
loans, guarantees, advances or capital contributions (excluding commission,
travel and similar advances to officers and employees made in the ordinary
course of business) purchases or other acquisitions for consideration of
Indebtedness, Capital Stock or other securities and all other items that are or
would be classified as investments on a balance sheet prepared in accordance
with GAAP. "Investments" shall exclude extensions of trade credit (including
extensions of credit in respect of equipment leases) by the Company and its
Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business in accordance with normal trade
practices of the Company or such Subsidiary, as the case may be.
"Issue Date" means the date of original issuance of the Notes.
"Legal Holiday" means a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which banking
institutions in the State of New York are authorized or required by law to
close.
"Lien" means, with respect to any asset, any mortgage, lien, pledge,
charge, security interest or encumbrance of any kind in respect of such asset,
whether or not filed, recorded or otherwise perfected under applicable law
(including any conditional sale or other title retention agreement, any lease in
the nature
58
thereof, any option or other agreement to sell or give a security interest in
any asset and any filing of, or agreement to give, any financing statement under
the Uniform Commercial Code (or equivalent statutes) of any jurisdiction).
"Net Proceeds" means, with respect to any Asset Sale by any Person, the
aggregate cash proceeds received by such Person and/or its Affiliates in respect
of such Asset Sale, which amount is equal to the excess, if any, of (i) the cash
received by such Person and/or its Affiliates (including any cash payments
received by way of deferred payment pursuant to, or monetization of, a note or
installment receivable or otherwise, but only as and when received) in
connection with such Asset Sale, over (ii) the sum of (a) the amount of any
Indebtedness that is secured by such asset and which is required to be repaid by
such Person in connection with such Asset Sale, plus (b) all fees, commissions
and other expenses incurred by such Person in connection with such Asset Sale,
plus (c) provision for taxes, including income taxes, attributable to the Asset
Sale or attributable to required prepayments or repayments of Indebtedness with
the proceeds of such Asset Sale, plus (d) a reasonable reserve for the after-tax
cost of any indemnification payments (fixed or contingent) attributable to
seller's indemnities to purchaser in respect of such Asset Sale undertaken by
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in connection with such Asset Sale plus
(e) if such Person is a Subsidiary of the Company, any dividends or
distributions payable to holders of minority interests in such Subsidiary from
the proceeds of such Asset Sale.
"Obligations" means any principal, interest (including, without limitation,
in the case of Senior Debt or Guarantor Senior Debt under the Senior Credit
Facility, interest accruing on or after the filing of any petition in bankruptcy
or for reorganization of the Company or a Subsidiary Guarantor, as the case may
be, regardless of whether or not a claim for post-filing interest is allowed in
such proceedings), penalties, fees, indemnifications, reimbursement obligations,
damages and other liabilities payable under the documentation governing any
Indebtedness.
"Old Notes" means those certain 10 5/8% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2006
issued in the aggregate principal amount of $160.0 million by the Company
pursuant to the Old Notes Indenture.
"Old Notes Indenture" means that certain Indenture, dated as of September
25, 1996, by and among the Company, the Guarantors named therein and Bankers
Trust Company, as trustee, pursuant to which the Old Notes were issued.
"Old Notes Redemption" means the redemption by the Company of all of the
outstanding Old Notes pursuant the terms and provisions of Section 3.01(b), the
remaining provisions of Article III, and all other applicable provisions of the
Old Notes Indenture.
"Old Notes Trustee" means Bankers Trust Company, trustee under the Old
Notes Indenture.
"Operating Cash Flow" means, with respect to any period, the Consolidated
Net Income of the Company and its Subsidiaries for such period, plus (i)
extraordinary net losses and net losses realized on any sale of assets during
such period, to the extent such losses were deducted in computing Consolidated
Net Income, plus (ii) provision for taxes based on income or profits, to the
extent such provision for taxes was included in computing such Consolidated Net
Income, and any provision for taxes utilized in computing the net losses under
clause (i) hereof, plus (iii) Consolidated Interest Expense of the Company and
its Subsidiaries for such period, to the extent deducted in computing such
Consolidated Net Income, plus (iv) depreciation, amortization and all other
non-cash charges, to the extent such depreciation, amortization and other
non-cash charges were deducted in computing such Consolidated Net Income
(including amortization of goodwill and other intangibles, including Film
Contracts and write-downs of Film Contracts), but excluding any such charges
which represent any accrual of, or a reserve for, cash charges for a future
period, minus (v) any cash payments contractually required to be made with
respect to Film Contracts (to the extent not previously included in computing
such Consolidated Net Income), minus (vi) non-cash items increasing Consolidated
Net Income (to the extent included in computing such Consolidated Net Income).
"Paging Subsidiary" means a Subsidiary of the Company all or substantially
all of whose assets consist of those used in the Company's paging business and
no other assets.
59
"Pari Passu Indebtedness" means any Indebtedness of the Company or a
Subsidiary Guarantor which ranks pari passu in right of payment with the Notes
or the Subsidiary Guarantee of such Subsidiary Guarantor, as the case may be
(whether or not such Indebtedness is secured by any Lien).
"Permitted Holders" means (i) each of J. Mack Robinson and Robert S.
Prather, Jr.; (ii) their spouses and lineal descendants; (iii) in the event of
the incompetence or death of any of the Persons described in clauses (i) and
(ii), such Person's estate, executor, administrator, committee or other personal
representative; (iv) any trusts created for the benefit of the Persons described
in clause (i) or (ii); or (v) any Person controlled by any of the Persons
described in clause (i), (ii), or (iv). For purposes of this definition,
"control," as used with respect to any Person, shall mean the possession,
directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the
management and policies of such Person, whether through ownership of voting
securities or by agreement or otherwise.
"Permitted Investments" means (i) any Investment in the Company, any
Subsidiary Guarantor or any Qualified Joint Venture; (ii) any Investments in
Cash Equivalents; (iii) any Investment in a Person (an "Acquired Person") if, as
a result of such Investment, (a) the Acquired Person becomes a Subsidiary
Guarantor, or (b) the Acquired Person either (1) is merged, consolidated or
amalgamated with or into the Company or a Subsidiary Guarantor and the Company
or such Subsidiary Guarantor is the Surviving Person, or (2) transfers or
conveys substantially all of its assets to, or is liquidated into, the Company
or a Subsidiary Guarantor; (iv) Investments in accounts and notes receivable
acquired in the ordinary course of business; (v) Interest Rate Agreement
Obligations permitted pursuant to the second paragraph of the covenant described
under "-- Covenants -- Limitation on Incurrence of Indebtedness"; and (vi) any
other Investments in an aggregate amount up to $5.0 million plus, in the case of
the disposition or repayment of any such Investment made pursuant to this clause
(vi) for cash, an amount equal to the lesser of the return of capital with
respect to such Investment and the cost of such Investment, in either case,
reduced (but not below zero) by the excess, if any, of the cost of the
disposition of such Investment over the gain, if any, realized by the Company or
Subsidiary, as the case may be, in respect of such disposition.
"Permitted Liens" means (i) Liens on assets or property of the Company that
secure Senior Debt of the Company, either existing on the Issue Date or which
such Senior Debt is permitted to be incurred under the Indenture, and Liens on
assets or property of a Subsidiary Guarantor that secure Guarantor Senior Debt
of such Subsidiary Guarantor, either existing on the Issue Date or which such
Guarantor Senior Debt is permitted to be incurred under the Indenture; (ii)
Liens securing Indebtedness of a Person existing at the time that such Person is
merged into or consolidated with the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company,
provided that such Liens were in existence prior to the contemplation of such
merger or consolidation and do not extend to any assets other than those of such
Person; (iii) Liens on property acquired by the Company or a Subsidiary,
provided that such Liens were in existence prior to the contemplation of such
acquisition and do not extend to any other property; (iv) Liens in favor of the
Company or any Subsidiary of the Company; (v) Liens incurred, or pledges and
deposits in connection with, workers' compensation, unemployment insurance and
other social security benefits, and leases, appeal bonds and other obligations
of like nature incurred by the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company in the
ordinary course of business; (vi) Liens imposed by law, including, without
limitation, mechanics', carriers', warehousemen's, materialmen's, suppliers' and
vendors' Liens, incurred by the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company in the
ordinary course of business; (vii) Liens for ad valorem, income or property
taxes or assessments and similar charges which either are not delinquent or are
being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings for which the Company
has set aside on its books reserves to the extent required by GAAP; and (viii)
Liens created under the Indenture.
"Permitted Purchase Money Indebtedness" means any Indebtedness incurred for
the acquisition of intellectual property rights, property, plant or equipment
used or useful in the business of the Company.
"Person" means any individual, corporation, partnership, joint venture,
association, joint-stock company, limited liability company, trust,
unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision
thereof.
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"Preferred Stock" as applied to the Capital Stock of any Person, means
Capital Stock of any class or classes (however designated) which is preferred as
to the payment of dividends or distributions, or as to the distribution of
assets upon any voluntary or involuntary liquidation or dissolution of such
Person, over Capital Stock of any other class of such Person.
"Public Equity Offering" means an underwritten public offering of Capital
Stock (other than Disqualified Stock) of the Company subsequent to the Issue
Date pursuant to an effective registration statement filed under the Securities
Act, the net proceeds of which to the Company (after deducting any underwriting
discounts and commissions) exceed $25.0 million.
"Qualified Joint Venture" means a newly-formed, majority-owned Subsidiary
where Capital Stock of the Subsidiary is issued to a Qualified Joint Venture
Partner in consideration of the contribution of assets used or useful in the
television broadcasting, radio broadcasting, newspaper publishing, paging or
satellite uplink business.
"Qualified Joint Venture Partner" means a person who is not affiliated with
the Company.
"Restricted Investment" means an Investment other than a Permitted
Investment.
"Restricted Payment" means (i) any dividend or other distribution declared
or paid on any Capital Stock of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (other
than dividends or distributions payable solely in Capital Stock (other than
Disqualified Stock) of the Company or such Subsidiary or dividends or
distributions payable to the Company or any Subsidiary Guarantor); (ii) any
payment to purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire or retire for value any Capital
Stock of the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company or other Affiliate of the
Company (other than any Capital Stock owned by the Company or any Subsidiary
Guarantor); (iii) any payment to purchase, redeem, defease or otherwise acquire
or retire for value any Subordinated Indebtedness prior to the scheduled
maturity thereof; or (iv) any Restricted Investment.
"Satellite Uplink Subsidiary" means a Subsidiary of the Company all or
substantially all of whose assets consist of those used in the Company's
satellite uplink business and no other assets.
"Senior Credit Facility" means that certain Third Amended and Restated Loan
Agreement, dated as of September 25, 2001, by and among the Company, the lenders
named therein, Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Banc of America
Securities LLC and First Union Securities, Inc., as Co-Lead Arrangers and Joint
Book Managers, and First Union National Bank as Syndication Agent, as the same
may be amended, modified, renewed, refunded, replaced or refinanced from time to
time, including (i) any related notes, letters of credit, guarantees, collateral
documents, instruments and agreements executed in connection therewith, and in
each case as amended, modified, renewed, refunded, replaced or refinanced from
time to time, and (ii) any notes, guarantees, collateral documents, instruments
and agreements executed in connection with any such amendment, modification,
renewal, refunding, replacement or refinancing.
"Stated Maturity" means, with respect to any security, the date specified
in such security as the fixed date on which the final payment of principal of
such security is due and payable, including pursuant to any mandatory redemption
provision (but excluding any provision providing for the repurchase of such
security at the option of the holder thereof upon the happening of any
contingency beyond the control of the issuer unless such contingency has
occurred).
"Subordinated Indebtedness" means any Indebtedness of the Company or a
Subsidiary Guarantor if the instrument creating or evidencing such Indebtedness
or pursuant to which such Indebtedness is outstanding expressly provides that
such Indebtedness is subordinated in right of payment to the Notes or the
Subsidiary Guarantee of such Subsidiary Guarantor, as the case may be.
"Subsidiary" of any Person means (i) any corporation more than 50% of the
outstanding Voting Stock of which is owned or controlled, directly or
indirectly, by such Person or by one or more other Subsidiaries of such Person,
or by such Person and one or more other Subsidiaries thereof, or (ii) any
limited partnership of which such Person or any Subsidiary of such Person is a
general partner, or (iii) any other Person (other than a corporation or limited
partnership) in which such Person, or one or more other Subsidiaries of such
Person, or such Person and one or more other Subsidiaries thereof, directly or
indirectly, has more than 50% of the
61
outstanding partnership or similar interests or has the power, by contract or
otherwise, to direct or cause the direction of the policies, management and
affairs thereof.
"Subsidiary Guarantor" means (i) each Subsidiary of the Company existing on
the Issue Date, (ii) each of the Company's Subsidiaries which becomes a
guarantor of the Notes in compliance with the provisions set forth under
"-- Covenants -- Future Subsidiary Guarantors," and (iii) each of the Company's
Subsidiaries executing a supplemental indenture in which such Subsidiary agrees
to be bound by the terms of the Indenture.
"Voting Stock" means, with respect to any Person, Capital Stock of such
Person of the class or classes pursuant to which the holders thereof have the
general voting power under ordinary circumstances to elect at least a majority
of the board of directors, managers or trustees of such Person (irrespective of
whether or not at the time stock of any other class or classes shall have or
might have voting power by reason of the happening of any contingency).
"Weighted Average Life to Maturity" means, with respect to any Indebtedness
at any date, the number of years obtained by dividing (i) the sum of the
products obtained by multiplying (a) the amount of each then remaining
installment, sinking fund, serial maturity or other required scheduled payment
of principal, including payment as final maturity, in respect thereof, with (b)
the number of years (calculated to the nearest one-twelfth) that will elapse
between such date and the making of such payment, by (ii) the then outstanding
aggregate principal amount of such Indebtedness.
62
REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT
EXCHANGE OFFER REGISTRATION STATEMENT
We entered into a registration rights agreement with the guarantors and the
initial purchasers before the closing of the offering of the original notes.
Under this agreement, we agreed to file with the SEC a registration statement
for an offer to exchange the original notes for exchange notes having
substantially the same terms, except that they will not be subject to
restrictions on transfer. Noteholders who tender their original notes in the
exchange offer must make certain representations to us. You may inspect a form
of the indenture for the exchange notes at the offices of Gray Communications
Systems, Inc., 4307 Peachtree Road, NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30319.
We must also file with the SEC a shelf registration statement to cover
resales of the original notes or exchange notes issued in the exchange offer by
holders who provide us with the information about them that is required for the
shelf registration statement if:
(i) we are not permitted to file the exchange offer registration
statement or to complete the exchange offer under applicable law or SEC
policy; or
(ii) for any other reason the exchange offer is not consummated within
30 days after the effective date of the exchange offer registration
statement; or
(iii) any holder notifies us on or prior to the 20th business day
following the consummation of the exchange offer that:
- it is not eligible to participate in the exchange offer (other than
solely because it is one of our affiliates);
- the exchange notes it would receive would not be freely tradable;
- it is a broker-dealer that cannot publicly resell exchange notes
that it acquires in the exchange offer without delivering a
prospectus, and this prospectus is not appropriate or available for
resales by that holder following our completion of the exchange
offer; or
- it is a broker-dealer and owns original notes that it has not
exchanged and that it acquired directly from us or one of our
affiliates.
Under the registration rights agreement we agreed to:
- file the exchange offer registration statement by the 120th day after
the closing of the original notes offering and use our best efforts to
cause it to become effective by the 210th day after the closing;
- unless the exchange offer would not be permitted under applicable law
or SEC policy, use our best efforts to issue exchange notes in the
exchange offer by the 30th day after the registration statement is
effective;
- if we must file a shelf registration statement, file it by the 120th
day, and use our reasonable efforts to cause it to become effective by
the 210th day, after we become obligated to make the filing.
LIQUIDATED DAMAGES
We will pay liquidated damages if one of the following "registration
defaults" occurs:
(i) we do not file the exchange offer registration statement by the
120th day after the closing of the original notes offering;
(ii) we do not file the shelf registration statement by the 120th day
after we become obligated to file the shelf registration statement;
(iii) the exchange offer registration statement is not effective by the
210th day after the closing of the original notes offering;
63
(iv) the shelf registration statement is not effective by the 210th day
after we become obligated to file it;
(v) we do not complete the exchange offer by the 30th day after the
exchange offer registration statement is declared effective; or
(vi) the exchange offer registration statement or the shelf registration
statement is declared effective, but thereafter ceases to be effective or
usable in connection with the exchange offer or resales of any Notes still
subject to transfer restrictions, during the periods specified in the
registration rights agreement.
If one of these registration defaults occurs, we will pay to each holder of
Notes, for the 90-day period after the first registration default occurs,
liquidated damages in an amount equal to $.05 per week per $1,000 of Notes held
by that holder. The amount of liquidated damages will increase by an additional
$.05 per week per $1,000 of Notes for each subsequent 90-day period until the
registration default is cured, up to a maximum amount of $0.20 per week per
$1,000 of Notes. When we have cured all registration defaults, liquidated
damages will no longer accrue.
Under current SEC interpretations, the exchange notes will generally be
freely transferable after the exchange offer, except that any broker-dealer that
participates in the exchange offer must deliver a prospectus meeting the
requirements of the Securities Act when it resells any exchange notes. We have
agreed that we will make available a prospectus for these purposes during the
period in which a prospectus is required to be delivered under the Securities
Act, including SEC no-action letters relating to the exchange offer. A broker-
dealer that delivers a prospectus is subject to the civil liability provisions
of the Securities Act and will also be bound by the registration rights
agreement, including indemnification obligations.
Noteholders must make certain representations to us (as described in the
registration rights agreement) to participate in the exchange offer, notably
that they are not an affiliate of ours and that they are acquiring the exchange
notes in the ordinary course of business and without any arrangement or
intention to make a distribution of the exchange notes. Holders of the original
notes and exchange notes must also deliver certain information to us that is
required for a shelf registration statement within the time period specified in
the registration rights agreement in order to have their original notes and/or
exchange notes included in any shelf registration statement and to receive the
liquidated damages described above. A broker-dealer that receives exchange notes
in the exchange offer or as part of its market-making or other trading
activities must acknowledge that it will deliver a prospectus when it resells
the exchange notes.
64
BOOK-ENTRY; DELIVERY AND FORM
GENERAL
Exchange notes will be issued in registered, global form in minimum
denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof.
Exchange notes will be represented by one or more permanent global certificates
in definitive, fully registered form without interest coupons (the "Global
Note"). The Global Note will be deposited upon issuance with the Trustee as
custodian for The Depository Trust Company ("DTC") and registered in the name of
a nominee for DTC or its nominee for credit to an account of a direct or
indirect participant in DTC described below, including Morgan Guaranty Trust
Company of New York, Brussels Office, as operator of the Euroclear System
(Euroclear) or Citibank N.A., as operator of Clearstream Luxembourg.
Except as set forth below, the Global Note may be transferred, in whole and
not in part, only to DTC or another nominee of DTC. Investors may hold their
beneficial interests in the Global Note directly through DTC if they have an
account with DTC or indirectly through organizations that have accounts with
DTC.
DEPOSITARY PROCEDURES
DTC is a limited-purpose trust company created to hold securities for its
participating organizations (collectively, the "Participants") and to facilitate
the clearance and settlement of transactions in those securities between
Participants through electronic book-entry changes in accounts of its
Participants. The Participants include securities brokers and dealers (including
the initial purchasers), banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and
certain other organizations. Access to DTC's system is also available to other
entities such as banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies that clear through
or maintain a custodial relationship with a Participant, either directly or
indirectly (collectively, the "Indirect Participants"). Persons who are not
Participants may beneficially own securities held by or on behalf of DTC only
through the Participants or the Indirect Participants. The ownership interests
and transfers of ownership interests of each beneficial owner of each security
held by or on behalf of DTC are recorded on the records of the Participants and
Indirect Participants.
Pursuant to procedures established by DTC:
- upon deposit of a Global Note, DTC will credit the accounts of
Participants designated by the initial purchasers with portions of the
principal amount of the Global Note; and
- ownership of such interests in a Global Note will be maintained by DTC
(with respect to the Participants) or by the Participants and the
Indirect Participants (with respect to other owners of beneficial
interests in Global Notes).
Investors in a Global Note may hold their interests therein directly
through DTC, if they are Participants in such system, or indirectly through
organizations (including Euroclear and Clearstream Luxembourg) that are
Participants in such system. Euroclear and Clearstream Luxembourg will hold
interests in a Global Note on behalf of their participants through customers'
securities accounts in their respective names on the books of their respective
depositaries, which are Morgan Guaranty Trust Company of New York, Brussels
office, as operator of Euroclear, and Citibank, N.A., as operator of Clearstream
Luxembourg. The depositaries, in turn, will hold interests in a Global Note in
customers' securities accounts in the depositaries' names on the books of DTC.
All interests in a Global Note, including those held through Euroclear or
Clearstream Luxembourg, will be subject to the procedures and requirements of
DTC. Those interests held through Euroclear or Clearstream Luxembourg will also
be subject to the procedures and requirements of these systems. The laws of some
states require that certain persons take physical delivery in definitive form of
securities that they own. Consequently, the ability to transfer beneficial
interests in a Global Note to such persons will be limited to that extent.
Because DTC can act only on behalf of Participants, which in turn act on behalf
of Indirect Participants, the ability of a person having beneficial interests in
a Global Note to pledge such interests to persons or entities that do not
participate in the DTC system, or otherwise take actions in respect of such
65
interests, may be affected by the lack of a physical certificate evidencing such
interests. For certain other restrictions on the transferability of the Notes,
see "-- Exchange of Book-Entry Notes for Certificated Notes."
Except as described below, owners of interests in a Global Note will not
have exchange notes registered in their names, will not receive physical
delivery of exchange notes in certificated form and will not be considered the
registered owners or holders thereof under the Indenture for any purpose.
Payments in respect of the principal of and premium, if any, and interest
on a Global Note registered in the name of DTC or its nominee will be payable by
the Trustee to DTC in its capacity as the registered holder under the Indenture.
The Company and the Trustee will treat the persons in whose names the exchange
notes, including the Global Note, are registered as the owners thereof for the
purpose of receiving such payments and for any and all other purposes
whatsoever. Consequently, neither the Company, the Trustee nor any agent of the
Company or the Trustee has or will have any responsibility or liability for:
- any aspect of DTC's records or any Participant's or Indirect
Participant's records relating to, or payments made on account of
beneficial ownership interests in, a Global Note, or for maintaining,
supervising or reviewing any of DTC's records or any Participant's or
Indirect Participant's records relating to the beneficial ownership
interests in a Global Note; or
- any other matter relating to the actions and practices of DTC or any of
its Participants or Indirect Participants.
DTC has advised the Company that its current practice, upon receipt of any
payment in respect of securities such as the exchange notes (including principal
and interest), is to credit the accounts of the relevant Participants with the
payment on the payment date, in amounts proportionate to their respective
holdings in the principal amount of beneficial interests in the relevant
security as shown on the records of DTC, unless DTC has reason to believe it
will not receive payment on such payment date. Payments by the Participants and
the Indirect Participants to the beneficial owners of exchange notes will be
governed by standing instructions and customary practices and will be the
responsibility of the Participants or the Indirect Participants and will not be
the responsibility of DTC, the Trustee or the Company. Neither the Company nor
the Trustee will be liable for any delay by DTC or any of its Participants in
identifying the beneficial owners of the exchange notes, and the Company and the
Trustee may conclusively rely on and will be protected in relying on
instructions from DTC or its nominee for all purposes.
Except for trades involving only Euroclear and Clearstream Luxembourg
participants, interests in a Global Note are expected to be eligible to trade in
DTC's Same-Day Funds Settlement System and secondary market trading activity in
such interests will therefore settle in immediately available funds, subject in
all cases to the rules and procedures of DTC and its Participants.
Transfers between Participants in DTC will be effected in accordance with
DTC's procedures, and will be settled in same-day funds, and transfers between
participants in Euroclear and Clearstream Luxembourg will be effected in the
ordinary way in accordance with their respective rules and operating procedures.
Cross-market transfers between the Participants in DTC, on the one hand,
and Euroclear or Clearstream Luxembourg participants, on the other hand, will be
effected through DTC in accordance with DTC's rules on behalf of Euroclear or
Clearstream Luxembourg, as the case may be, by their depositaries. Cross-market
transactions will require delivery of instructions to Euroclear or Clearstream
Luxembourg, as the case may be, by the counterparty in that system in accordance
with the rules and procedures and within the established deadlines (Brussels
time) of that system. Euroclear or Clearstream Luxembourg, as the case may be,
will, if the transaction meets its settlement requirements, deliver instructions
to its respective depositaries to take action to effect final settlement on its
behalf by delivering or receiving interests in a Global Note in DTC, and making
or receiving payment in accordance with normal procedures for same-day funds
settlement applicable to DTC. Euroclear and Clearstream Luxembourg participants
may not deliver instructions directly to the depositaries for Euroclear or
Clearstream Luxembourg.
66
Because of time zone differences, the securities account of a Euroclear or
Clearstream Luxembourg participant purchasing an interest in a Global Note from
a Participant in DTC will be credited and reported to the relevant Euroclear or
Clearstream Luxembourg participant, during the securities settlement processing
day (which must be a business day for Euroclear and Clearstream Luxembourg)
immediately following the settlement date of DTC. DTC has advised the Company
that cash received in Euroclear or Clearstream Luxembourg as a result of sales
of interests in a Global Note by or through a Euroclear or Clearstream
Luxembourg participant to a Participant in DTC will be received with value on
the settlement date of DTC but will be available in the relevant Euroclear or
Clearstream Luxembourg cash account only as of the business day for Euroclear or
Clearstream Luxembourg following DTC's settlement date.
DTC has advised the Company that it will take any action permitted to be
taken by a holder of exchange notes only at the direction of one or more
Participants to whose account with DTC interests in a Global Note are credited
and only in respect of such portion of the aggregate principal amount of the
exchange notes as to which such Participant or Participants has or have given
such direction. If there is an Event of Default under the Indenture, DTC
reserves the right to exchange a Global Note for exchange notes in certificated
form, and to distribute the exchange notes to its Participants.
Although DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream Luxembourg have agreed to the
foregoing procedures to facilitate transfers of interests in Global Notes among
participants in DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream Luxembourg, they are under no
obligation to perform or to continue to perform such procedures, and the
procedures may be discontinued at any time. Neither the Company nor the Trustee
will have any responsibility for the performance by DTC, Euroclear or
Clearstream Luxembourg or their respective participants or indirect participants
of their respective obligations under the rules and procedures governing their
operations.
The information in this section concerning DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream
Luxembourg and their book-entry systems has been obtained from sources that the
Company believes to be reliable, but the Company takes no responsibility for the
accuracy thereof.
EXCHANGE OF BOOK-ENTRY NOTES FOR CERTIFICATED NOTES
A Global Note is exchangeable for exchange notes in registered certificated
form (a "Certificated Note"):
- if DTC (1) notifies the Company that it is unwilling or unable to
continue as depositary for the Global Note and the Company fails to
appoint a successor depositary or (2) has ceased to be a clearing agency
registered under the Exchange Act;
- if the Company, at its option, notifies the Trustee in writing that it
elects to cause the issuance of the exchange notes in certificated form;
or
- at the request of DTC, if there shall have occurred and be continuing an
Event of Default under the Indenture.
In all cases, Certificated Notes delivered in exchange for any Global Note
or beneficial interests therein will be registered in the names, and issued in
any approved denominations, requested by or on behalf of the depositary (in
accordance with its customary procedures) and will bear any applicable
restrictive legend, unless the Company determines otherwise in accordance with
the Indenture and in compliance with applicable law.
67
MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
The following summary describes the material United States federal income
tax consequences, and, in the case of a holder that is a non-U.S. holder (as
defined below), the United States federal estate tax consequences, of the
exchange offer and of owning and disposing of the Notes. This summary applies to
you only if you are the initial holder of the Notes and you acquired the Notes
for a price equal to the issue price of the Notes. The issue price of the Notes
is the first price at which a substantial amount of the Notes was sold other
than to bond houses, brokers or similar persons or organizations acting in the
capacity of underwriters, placement agents or wholesalers.
This summary deals only with Notes held as capital assets (generally,
investment property) and does not deal with holders that are subject to special
tax treatment such as:
- dealers in securities or currencies;
- United States holders (as defined below) whose functional currency is not
the United States dollar;
- persons holding Notes as part of a hedge, straddle, conversion,
"synthetic security" or other integrated transaction;
- certain United States expatriates;
- financial institutions;
- insurance companies; and
- entities that are tax-exempt for United States federal income tax
purposes.
This summary does not discuss all of the aspects of United States federal
income and estate taxation that may be relevant to you in light of your
particular circumstances. In addition, this summary does not discuss any state,
local or foreign tax consequences. This summary is based on United States
federal income tax law, including the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of
1986, as amended (the "Internal Revenue Code"), Treasury regulations,
administrative rulings and judicial authority, all as in effect as of the date
of this prospectus. Subsequent developments in United States federal income tax
law, including changes in law or differing interpretations, which may be applied
retroactively, could have a material effect on the United States federal income
tax consequences set forth in this summary. YOU SHOULD CONSULT YOUR OWN TAX
ADVISOR REGARDING THE PARTICULAR UNITED STATES FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL AND FOREIGN
INCOME AND OTHER TAX CONSEQUENCES TO YOU OF THE EXCHANGE OFFER AND OF OWNING AND
DISPOSING OF THE NOTES.
UNITED STATES HOLDERS
The following summary applies to you only if you are a United States holder
(as defined below).
DEFINITION OF A UNITED STATES HOLDER
"United States holder" is a beneficial owner of a Note or Notes who or
which is for United States federal income tax purposes:
- an individual citizen or resident of the United States;
- a corporation (or other entity classified as a corporation for U.S.
federal tax purposes) created or organized in or under the laws of the
United States or any political subdivision of the United States,
including any state;
- an estate, the income of which is subject to United States federal income
taxation regardless of the source of that income; or
- a trust, if, in general, a United States court is able to exercise
primary supervision over the trust's administration and one or more
United States persons (within the meaning of the Internal Revenue Code)
have the authority to control all of the substantial decisions of the
trust.
68
If a partnership holds Notes, the tax treatment of a partner generally will
depend upon the status of the partner and upon the activities of the
partnership. If you are a partnership, or a partner in a partnership, you should
consult your tax advisor regarding the particular tax consequences to you.
PAYMENTS OF INTEREST
Interest on your Notes will be taxable as ordinary interest income. In
addition:
- if you use the cash method of accounting for United States federal income
tax purposes, you will have to include the interest on your Notes in your
gross income at the time you receive the interest; and
- if you use the accrual method of accounting for United States federal
income tax purposes, you will have to include the interest on your Notes
in your gross income at the time the interest accrues.
SALE OR OTHER DISPOSITION OF NOTES
Your tax basis in your Notes generally will be the price you paid for them,
subject to certain adjustments. You generally will recognize taxable gain or
loss when you sell or otherwise dispose of your Notes equal to the difference,
if any, between:
- the amount realized on the sale or other disposition (less any amount
attributable to accrued but unpaid interest, which will be taxable as
ordinary income if not previously included in income under the rules
described in "Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations -- United
States Holders -- Payments of Interest"); and
- your tax basis in the Notes.
Your gain or loss generally will be capital gain or loss. This capital gain
or loss will be long-term capital gain or loss if at the time of the sale or
other disposition you have held the Notes for more than one year. Subject to
limited exceptions, capital losses cannot be used to offset ordinary income. If
you are a non-corporate United States holder, your long-term capital gain
generally will be subject to a maximum tax rate of 20%.
EXCHANGE OF ORIGINAL NOTES FOR EXCHANGE NOTES
You will not recognize gain or loss on the exchange of your original notes
for exchange notes. Your tax basis in the exchange notes will be the same as
your tax basis in the original notes and your holding period in the exchange
notes will be a continuation of your holding period in the original notes.
BACKUP WITHHOLDING AND INFORMATION REPORTING
For each calendar year in which the Notes are outstanding, we, our agents
or paying agents or a broker may be required to provide the Internal Revenue
Service with certain information, including your name, address and taxpayer
identification number, the aggregate amount of principal and interest (and
premium, if any) paid to you during the calendar year and the amount of tax
withheld, if any. This obligation, however, does not apply to you if you are a
corporation, tax-exempt organization, qualified pension and profit sharing
trusts or individual retirement account.
In general, "backup withholding" may apply:
- to any payments made to you of principal of and interest on your Note;
and
- to payment of the proceeds of a sale or other disposition of your Note
before maturity,
if you are a non-corporate United States holder and fail to provide a correct
taxpayer identification number or otherwise comply with applicable requirements
of the backup withholding rules. Backup withholding applies at a rate not to
exceed 31%.
Backup withholding is not an additional tax and may be credited against
your United States federal income tax liability, provided that the required
information is provided to the Internal Revenue Service.
69
NON-U.S. HOLDERS
The following summary applies to you if you are a beneficial owner of a
Note who or which is not a United States holder (as defined above) (a "non-U.S.
holder"). An individual may, subject to exceptions, be deemed to be a resident
alien, as opposed to a non-resident alien, by, among other ways, being present
in the United States:
- on at least 31 days in the calendar year; and
- for an aggregate of at least 183 days during a three-year period ending
in the current calendar year, counting for such purposes all of the days
present in the current year, one-third of the days present in the
immediately preceding year and one-sixth of the days present in the
second preceding year.
Resident aliens are subject to United States federal income tax as if they
were United States citizens.
UNITED STATES FEDERAL WITHHOLDING TAX
Subject to the discussion below, United States federal withholding tax will
not apply to payments by us or our paying agent (in its capacity as such) of
principal or interest on your Notes, provided that in the case of interest:
- you do not, directly or indirectly, actually or constructively, own 10%
or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of our stock
entitled to vote;
- you are not a controlled foreign corporation for United States federal
income tax purposes that is related, directly or indirectly, to us
through sufficient stock ownership (as provided in the Internal Revenue
Code); and
- you provide a signed written statement on an Internal Revenue Service
Form W-8BEN (or other applicable form), together with all appropriate
attachments, certifying under penalties of perjury that you are not a
United States person within the meaning of the Internal Revenue Code
(provided that we do not have actual knowledge to the contrary) and
providing your name and address to:
(1) us or our paying agent; or
(2) a securities clearing organization, bank or other financial
institution that holds customers' securities in the ordinary course of its
trade or business and holds your Notes on your behalf and that certifies to
us or our paying agent under penalties of perjury that it, or the bank or
financial institution between it and you, has received from you your
signed, written statement and provides us or our paying agent with a copy
of this statement.
The Treasury regulations provide alternative methods for satisfying the
certification requirement described in this section. In addition, under the
Treasury regulations:
- if you are a foreign partnership, the certification requirement will
generally apply to your partners, and you will be required to provide
certain information;
- if you are a foreign trust, the certification requirement will generally
be applied to you or your beneficial owners depending on whether you are
a "foreign complex trust," "foreign simple trust" or "foreign grantor
trust" as defined in the Treasury regulations; and
- look-through rules will apply for tiered partnerships, foreign simple
trusts and foreign grantor trusts.
If you are a foreign partnership, a partner in a foreign partnership, a foreign
trust or the beneficial owner of a foreign trust, you should consult your own
tax advisor regarding your status under these Treasury regulations and the
certification requirements applicable to you.
If you cannot satisfy the requirements described above, payments of
interest made to you will be subject to 30% U.S. federal withholding tax unless
you provide us or our paying agent with a properly executed (1) Internal Revenue
Service Form W-8ECI (or other applicable form) stating that interest paid on
your Notes is not subject to withholding tax because it is effectively connected
with your conduct of a trade or
70
business in the United States or (2) Internal Revenue Service Form W-8BEN (or
other applicable form) claiming an exemption from, or reduction in withholding
under, an applicable tax treaty.
United States federal withholding tax generally will not apply to any gain
that you realize on the sale, exchange, retirement or other disposition of your
Notes.
UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX
Except for the possible application of United States withholding tax (see
"Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations -- Non-U.S. Holders -- United
States Federal Withholding Tax" above) and backup withholding (see "Material
U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations -- Non-U.S. Holders -- Backup Withholding
and Information Reporting" below), you generally will not have to pay United
States federal income tax on payments of principal of or interest on your Notes,
or on any gain or income realized from the sale, redemption, retirement at
maturity or other disposition of your Notes (provided that, in the case of
proceeds representing accrued interest, the conditions described in "Material
U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations -- Non-U.S. Holders -- United States
Federal Withholding Tax" are met) unless:
- in the case of gain, you are an individual who is present in the United
States for 183 days or more during the taxable year of the sale or other
disposition of your Notes, and certain other conditions are met; or
- the interest, gain or other income is effectively connected with your
conduct of a United States trade or business and, if an income tax treaty
applies, is generally attributable to a United States "permanent
establishment" maintained by you.
If you are engaged in a trade or business in the United States and
interest, gain or any other income in respect of your Notes is effectively
connected with the conduct of your trade or business, and, if an income tax
treaty applies, you maintain a United States "permanent establishment" to which
the interest, gain or other income is attributable, you will generally be
subject to United States income tax on a net basis on the interest, gain or
income (although the interest will, as discussed above, be exempt from U.S.
federal withholding tax if you provide the appropriate Internal Revenue Service
form to claim the exemption).
In addition, if you are a foreign corporation, you may be subject to a
branch profits tax equal to 30% of your effectively connected earnings and
profits for the taxable year, as adjusted for certain items, unless a lower rate
applies to you under a United States income tax treaty with your country of
residence. For this purpose, you must include interest, gain or income on your
Notes in the earnings and profits subject to the branch tax if these amounts are
effectively connected with the conduct of your United States trade or business.
UNITED STATES FEDERAL ESTATE TAX
If you are an individual and are not a United States citizen or a resident
of the United States (as specially defined for United States federal estate tax
purposes) at the time of your death, your Notes will generally not be subject to
the United States federal estate tax, unless, at the time of your death:
- you directly or indirectly, actually or constructively, own 10% or more
of the total combined voting power of all classes of our stock entitled
to vote; or
- your interest on the Notes is effectively connected with your conduct of
a United States trade or business.
BACKUP WITHHOLDING AND INFORMATION REPORTING
Under current Treasury regulations, backup withholding and information
reporting will not apply to payments made by us or our paying agent (in its
capacity as such) to you if you have provided the required certification that
you are a non-U.S. holder (as described in "Material U.S. Federal Income Tax
Considerations -- Non-U.S. Holders -- United States Federal Withholding Tax"
above) and neither we nor our paying agent has actual knowledge that you are a
United States holder (as described in "Material
71
U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations -- United States Holders" above). We or
our paying agent may, however, report payments of interest on the Notes that are
made to you.
The gross proceeds from the disposition of your Notes may be subject to
information reporting and backup withholding. Backup withholding applies at a
rate not to exceed 31%. If you sell your Notes outside the United States through
a non-U.S. office of a non-U.S. broker and the sales proceeds are paid to you
outside the United States, the U.S. backup withholding and information reporting
requirements generally will not apply to that payment. However, U.S. information
reporting, but not backup withholding, will apply to a payment of sales
proceeds, even if that payment is made outside the United States, if you sell
your Notes though a non-U.S. office of a broker that:
- is a United States person (as defined in the Internal Revenue Code);
- derives 50% or more of its gross income in specific periods from the
conduct of a trade or business in the United States;
- is a "controlled foreign corporation" for U.S. federal income tax
purposes; or
- is a foreign partnership, if at any time during its tax year:
- one or more of its partners are U.S. persons who in the aggregate hold
more than 50% of the income or capital interests in the partnership;
or
- the foreign partnership is engaged in a U.S. trade or business,
unless the broker has documentary evidence in its files that you are a non-U.S.
person and certain other conditions are met or you otherwise establish an
exemption. If you receive payments of the proceeds of a sale of your Notes to or
through a U.S. office of a broker, the payment is subject to both U.S. backup
withholding and information reporting unless you provide a Form W-8BEN
certifying that you are a non-U.S. person or you otherwise establish an
exemption.
You should consult your own tax advisor regarding application of backup
withholding in your particular circumstances and the availability of and
procedure for obtaining an exemption from backup withholding under the Treasury
regulations. Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules from a
payment to you will be allowed as a refund or credit against your United States
federal income tax liability, provided that the required information is
furnished to the Internal Revenue Service.
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
Each broker-dealer that receives exchange notes for its own account
pursuant to the exchange offer must acknowledge that it will deliver a
prospectus in connection with any resale of such exchange notes. This
prospectus, as it may be amended or supplemented from time to time, may be used
by a broker-dealer in connection with resales of exchange notes received in
exchange for original notes where such original notes were acquired as a result
of market-making activities or other trading activities. We have agreed that we
will, for a period of 180 days following the consummation of the exchange offer,
make this prospectus, as amended or supplemented, available to any broker-dealer
for use in connection with any such resale. In addition, until , 2002,
all dealers effecting transactions in the exchange notes may be required to
deliver a prospectus.
We will not receive any proceeds from any sale of exchange notes by
broker-dealers. Exchange notes received by broker-dealers for their own account
pursuant to the exchange offer may be sold from time to time in one or more
transactions in the over-the-counter market, in negotiated transactions, through
the writing of options on the exchange notes or a combination of such methods of
resale, at market prices prevailing at the time of resale, at prices related to
such prevailing market prices or negotiated prices. Any such resale may be made
directly to purchasers or to or through brokers or dealers who may receive
compensation in the form of commissions or concessions from any such
broker-dealer and/or the purchasers of any such exchange notes. Any
broker-dealer that resells exchange notes that were received by it for its own
account pursuant to the exchange offer and any broker or dealer that
participates in a distribution of such exchange notes may be
72
deemed to be an "underwriter" within the meaning of the Securities Act and any
profit from any such resale of exchange notes and any commissions or concessions
received by any such persons may be deemed to be underwriting compensation under
the Securities Act. The Letter of Transmittal states that by acknowledging that
it will deliver and by delivering a prospectus, a broker-dealer will not be
deemed to admit that it is an "underwriter" within the meaning of the Securities
Act.
For a period of 180 days following the consummation of the exchange offer,
we will promptly send additional copies of this prospectus and any amendment or
supplement to this prospectus to any broker-dealer that requests such documents
in the Letter of Transmittal. We have agreed to pay all expenses incident to the
exchange offer (including the reasonable expenses of one counsel for the holders
of the notes) other than brokers', dealers' and underwriters' discounts,
commissions and counsel fees and will indemnify the holders of the notes,
including any broker-dealers, against certain liabilities, including liabilities
under the Securities Act.
LEGAL MATTERS
Certain legal matters in connection with the exchange offer will be passed
upon for us by Proskauer Rose LLP and Troutman Sanders LLP.
INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
The consolidated financial statements and schedule of Gray Communications
Systems, Inc. incorporated by reference in this prospectus and registration
statement have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent auditors, to the
extent indicated in their report incorporated by reference in the registration
statement. Such consolidated financial statements and schedule have been
incorporated herein by reference in reliance upon such report given on the
authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
The financial statements of Gray Communications Systems, Inc. as of
December 31, 2001 and for the year then ended incorporated into this prospectus
by reference to the Gray Communications Systems, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2001, have been so incorporated in reliance on
the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, independent accountants, given on the
authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We file annual, quarterly and special reports, proxy statements and other
information with the Securities and Exchange Commission. You may read and copy
any document we file at the SEC's public reference rooms at 450 Fifth Street,
N.W., Washington, D.C., 20549 and also at its locations in New York, New York
and Chicago, Illinois. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further
information on the public reference rooms. Our SEC filings are also available to
the public at the SEC's web site at http://www.sec.gov. Our class A common stock
and class B common stock are listed on the New York Stock Exchange. Our reports,
proxy statements and other information can also be inspected at the offices of
the New York Stock Exchange, 20 Broad Street, New York, New York 10005.
We have filed with the SEC a Registration Statement on Form S-4 (the
"Registration Statement") with respect to the exchange notes and related
subsidiary guarantees. This prospectus, which is a part of the Registration
Statement, omits certain information included in the Registration Statement.
Statements made in this prospectus as to the contents of any contract, agreement
or other document are only summaries and are not complete. We refer you to these
exhibits for a more complete description of the matter involved. Each statement
regarding the exhibits is qualified by the actual documents.
We are "incorporating by reference" the documents listed below that we have
filed with the SEC, which means we can disclose important information to you by
referring you to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is
considered to be a part of this prospectus. We incorporate by reference (1) our
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2001, (2) our Current
Report on Form 8-K
73
filed on January 8, 2002 and (3) all documents that we file with the SEC under
Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 until
the termination of this offering.
You may request a copy of those filings, at no cost, by writing or
telephoning us at the following:
Gray Communications Systems, Inc.
4370 Peachtree Road, NE
Atlanta, Georgia 30319
Attention: James C. Ryan
Telephone: (404) 504-9828
TO OBTAIN TIMELY DELIVERY OF THOSE MATERIALS, YOU MUST REQUEST THE
INFORMATION NO LATER THAN FIVE BUSINESS DAYS BEFORE THE EXPIRATION OF THE
EXCHANGE OFFER. THE DATE BY WHICH YOU MUST REQUEST THE INFORMATION IS
, 2002.
Information that we file later with the SEC and that is incorporated by
reference in this prospectus will automatically update and supersede information
contained in this prospectus as if that information were included in this
prospectus.
You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by
reference in this prospectus. We have not authorized any person to provide you
with any information or represent anything not contained in this prospectus,
and, if given or made, any such other information or representation should not
be relied upon as having been authorized by us. We are not making an offer to
sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer is not permitted. You
should not assume that the information contained in this prospectus is accurate
as of any date other than the date on the front cover of this prospectus.
74
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GRAY COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS, INC.
OFFER TO EXCHANGE
UP TO $180,000,000 PRINCIPAL AMOUNT OUTSTANDING
9.25% SENIOR SUBORDINATED NOTES DUE 2011
FOR
A LIKE PRINCIPAL AMOUNT OF
9.25% SENIOR SUBORDINATED NOTES DUE 2011
THAT HAVE BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
-------------------------
PROSPECTUS
-------------------------
, 2002
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
ITEM 20. INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS
Sections 14-2-851 and 14-2-857 of the Georgia Business Corporation Code
(the "GBCC") permit, in general, a Georgia corporation to indemnify any person
made, or threatened to be made, a party to an action or proceeding by reason of
the fact that he or she is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the
corporation, against any judgment, fines, amounts paid in settlement and
expenses, including attorney's fees actually and reasonably incurred as a result
of such action or proceeding, or any appeal therein, if such person acted in
good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in, or not
opposed to, the best interests of the corporation and, in criminal actions or
proceedings, had no reasonable cause to believe that his or her conduct was
unlawful, provided that a corporation may not indemnify a person in any action
brought by or in the right of the corporation. Sections 14-2-853 and 14-2-857 of
the GBCC permit the corporation to pay in advance of a final disposition of such
action or proceeding the expenses incurred in defending such action or
proceeding upon receipt, in the case of a director or officer, of a written
affirmation of his or her good faith belief that he or she has met the standard
of conduct required by Section 14-2-851 and of an undertaking by or on behalf of
the director or officer to repay such amount as, and to the extent, required by
statute.
The certificate of incorporation of Gray Communications Systems, Inc. (the
"Registrant") provides that the Registrant shall indemnify, to the fullest
extent permitted by the GBCC, all directors from and against any and all of the
expenses, liabilities or other matters referred to in, or covered by, the GBCC;
provided, however, that to the extent required by the GBCC, the Registrant shall
not eliminate or limit the liability of a director (1) for any appropriation, in
violation of his or her duties, of any business opportunity of the Registrant,
(2) for acts or omissions which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing
violation of law, (3) for types of liability set forth in Section 14-2-832 of
the GBCC, or (4) for any transaction from which the director derived an improper
personal benefit.
ITEM 21. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL DATA SCHEDULES
The following is a list of all the exhibits filed herewith or incorporated
by reference as part of the Registration Statement.
NUMBER DESCRIPTION
------ -----------
3.1 Restated Articles of Incorporation of Gray Communications
Systems, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to
the Registrant's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
1996).
3.2 By-Laws of Gray Communications Systems, Inc., as amended
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the
Registrant's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
1996).
3.3 Amendment of the By-Laws of Gray Communications Systems,
Inc. dated January 6, 1999 (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 3.3 to the Registrant's Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 1998).
4.1 Indenture, dated as of December 15, 2001, by and among Gray
Communications Systems, Inc., as issuer, the Subsidiary
Guarantors named therein and Bankers Trust Company, as
trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.13 to the
Registrant's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
2001).
4.2* Registration Rights Agreement, dated December 21, 2001, by
and among Gray Communications Systems, Inc., the
subsidiaries listed on the signature pages thereto, and
First Union Securities, Inc., Banc of America Securities LLC
and Allen & Company Incorporated.
4.3 Form of Note (included in Exhibit 4.1).
5.1* Opinion of Proskauer Rose LLP as to the legality of the
securities.
5.2* Opinion of Troutman Sanders LLP as to the legality of the
securities.
8.1* Opinion of Proskauer Rose LLP as to the material U.S.
federal income tax consequences to the holders of the
securities.
II-1
NUMBER DESCRIPTION
------ -----------
12.1* Statements regarding computation of ratios.
23.1* Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.
23.2* Consent of Ernst & Young LLP.
23.3* Consent of Proskauer Rose LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1).
23.4* Consent of Troutman Sanders LLP (included in Exhibit 5.2).
24.1* Powers of Attorney (included on signature pages to this
Registration Statement).
25.1* Statement of Eligibility of Trustee.
99.1* Letter of Transmittal, with respect to the original notes
and exchange notes.
99.2* Notice of Guaranteed Delivery, with respect to the original
notes and exchange notes.
99.3* Instructions to Registered Holder and/or Book-Entry Transfer
Facility Participant from Beneficial Owner.
---------------
* Filed herewith.
ITEM 22. UNDERTAKINGS
(a) The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of
determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the
Registrant's annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (and, where applicable, each filing of an
employee benefit plan's annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that is incorporated by reference in the
registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement
relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities
at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
(b) The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes as follows: that prior to
any public reoffering of the securities registered hereunder through use of a
prospectus which is a part of this registration statement, by any person or
party who is deemed to be an underwriter within the meaning of Rule 145(c), the
issuer undertakes that such reoffering prospectus will contain the information
called for by the applicable registration form with respect to reofferings by
persons who may be deemed underwriters, in addition to the information called
for by the other items of the applicable form.
(c) The Registrant undertakes that every prospectus: (i) that is filed
pursuant to paragraph (b) immediately preceding, or (ii) that purports to meet
the requirements of Sections 10(a)(3) of the Act and is used in connection with
an offering of securities subject to Rule 415, will be filed as a part of an
amendment to the registration statement and will not be used until such
amendment is effective, and that, for purposes of determining any liability
under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be
deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered
therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be
the initial bona fide offering thereof.
(d) The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes:
(1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made,
a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:
(i) To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the
Securities Act of 1933;
(ii) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after
the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent
post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the
aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth
in the registration statement;
(iii) To include any material information with respect to the plan of
distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or
any material change in such information in the registration statement.
II-2
(2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the
Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed
to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered
therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed
to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
(3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment
any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the
termination of the offering.
(e) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities
Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of
the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the
Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange
Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act
and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification
against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses
incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the Registrant
in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such
director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being
registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter
has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate
jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public
policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of
such issue.
(f) The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes to respond to requests for
information that is incorporated by reference into the prospectus pursuant to
Item 4, 10(b), 11 or 13 of this form, within one business day of receipt of such
request, and to send the incorporated documents by first class mail or other
equally prompt means. This includes information contained in documents filed
subsequent to the effective date of the registration statement through the date
of responding to the request.
(g) The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes to supply by means of a
post-effective amendment all information concerning a transaction, and the
company being acquired involved therein, that was not the subject of and
included in the registration statement when it became effective.
II-3
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
GRAY COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS, INC.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
President and Chief Executive
Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON President, Chief Executive Officer and Director
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Executive Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT S. PRATHER, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Robert S. Prather, Jr.
/s/ HILTON H. HOWELL, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Hilton H. Howell, Jr.
/s/ WILLIAM E. MAYHER, III Director
------------------------------------------------
William E. Mayher, III
/s/ RICHARD L. BOGER Director
------------------------------------------------
Richard L. Boger
/s/ RAY M. DEAVER Director
------------------------------------------------
Ray M. Deaver
II-4
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ HOWELL W. NEWTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Howell W. Newton
/s/ HUGH NORTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Hugh Norton
/s/ HARRIETT J. ROBINSON Director
------------------------------------------------
Harriett J. Robinson
II-5
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
THE ALBANY HERALD PUBLISHING COMPANY,
INC.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board (Principal Executive
------------------------------------------------ Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT S. PRATHER, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Robert S. Prather, Jr.
/s/ HILTON H. HOWELL, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Hilton H. Howell, Jr.
/s/ WILLIAM E. MAYHER, III Director
------------------------------------------------
William E. Mayher, III
/s/ RICHARD L. BOGER Director
------------------------------------------------
Richard L. Boger
/s/ RAY M. DEAVER Director
------------------------------------------------
Ray M. Deaver
II-6
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ HOWELL W. NEWTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Howell W. Newton
/s/ HUGH NORTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Hugh Norton
/s/ HARRIETT J. ROBINSON Director
------------------------------------------------
Harriett J. Robinson
II-7
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
POST CITIZEN MEDIA, INC.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board
------------------------------------------ (Principal Executive Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
------------------------------------------ (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT S. PRATHER, JR. Director
------------------------------------------
Robert S. Prather, Jr.
/s/ HILTON H. HOWELL, JR. Director
------------------------------------------
Hilton H. Howell, Jr.
/s/ WILLIAM E. MAYHER, III Director
------------------------------------------
William E. Mayher, III
/s/ RICHARD L. BOGER Director
------------------------------------------
Richard L. Boger
/s/ RAY M. DEAVER Director
------------------------------------------
Ray M. Deaver
II-8
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ HOWELL W. NEWTON Director
------------------------------------------
Howell W. Newton
/s/ HUGH NORTON Director
------------------------------------------
Hugh Norton
/s/ HARRIETT J. ROBINSON Director
------------------------------------------
Harriett J. Robinson
II-9
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10 2002.
GRAY COMMUNICATIONS OF INDIANA, INC.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board (Principal Executive
------------------------------------------------ Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT S. PRATHER, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Robert S. Prather, Jr.
/s/ HILTON H. HOWELL, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Hilton H. Howell, Jr.
/s/ WILLIAM E. MAYHER, III Director
------------------------------------------------
William E. Mayher, III
/s/ RICHARD L. BOGER Director
------------------------------------------------
Richard L. Boger
/s/ RAY M. DEAVER Director
------------------------------------------------
Ray M. Deaver
II-10
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ HOWELL W. NEWTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Howell W. Newton
/s/ HUGH NORTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Hugh Norton
/s/ HARRIETT J. ROBINSON Director
------------------------------------------------
Harriett J. Robinson
II-11
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
WEAU-TV, INC.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board (Principal Executive
------------------------------------------------ Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT S. PRATHER, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Robert S. Prather, Jr.
/s/ HILTON H. HOWELL, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Hilton H. Howell, Jr.
/s/ WILLIAM E. MAYHER, III Director
------------------------------------------------
William E. Mayher, III
/s/ RICHARD L. BOGER Director
------------------------------------------------
Richard L. Boger
/s/ RAY M. DEAVER Director
------------------------------------------------
Ray M. Deaver
II-12
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ HOWELL W. NEWTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Howell W. Newton
/s/ HUGH NORTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Hugh Norton
/s/ HARRIETT J. ROBINSON Director
------------------------------------------------
Harriett J. Robinson
II-13
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
WVLT-TV, INC.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Executive Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT S. PRATHER, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Robert S. Prather, Jr.
/s/ HILTON H. HOWELL, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Hilton H. Howell, Jr.
/s/ WILLIAM E. MAYHER, III Director
------------------------------------------------
William E. Mayher, III
/s/ RICHARD L. BOGER Director
------------------------------------------------
Richard L. Boger
/s/ RAY M. DEAVER Director
------------------------------------------------
Ray M. Deaver
II-14
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ HOWELL W. NEWTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Howell W. Newton
/s/ HUGH NORTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Hugh Norton
/s/ HARRIETT J. ROBINSON Director
------------------------------------------------
Harriett J. Robinson
II-15
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
WRDW-TV, INC.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board (Principal Executive
------------------------------------------------ Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT S. PRATHER, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Robert S. Prather, Jr.
/s/ HILTON H. HOWELL, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Hilton H. Howell, Jr.
/s/ WILLIAM E. MAYHER, III Director
------------------------------------------------
William E. Mayher, III
/s/ RICHARD L. BOGER Director
------------------------------------------------
Richard L. Boger
/s/ RAY M. DEAVER Director
------------------------------------------------
Ray M. Deaver
II-16
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ HOWELL W. NEWTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Howell W. Newton
/s/ HUGH NORTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Hugh Norton
/s/ HARRIETT J. ROBINSON Director
------------------------------------------------
Harriett J. Robinson
II-17
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
WITN-TV, INC.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board (Principal Executive
------------------------------------------------ Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT S. PRATHER, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Robert S. Prather, Jr.
/s/ HILTON H. HOWELL, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Hilton H. Howell, Jr.
/s/ WILLIAM E. MAYHER, III Director
------------------------------------------------
William E. Mayher, III
/s/ RICHARD L. BOGER Director
------------------------------------------------
Richard L. Boger
/s/ RAY M. DEAVER Director
------------------------------------------------
Ray M. Deaver
II-18
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ HOWELL W. NEWTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Howell W. Newton
/s/ HUGH NORTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Hugh Norton
/s/ HARRIETT J. ROBINSON Director
------------------------------------------------
Harriett J. Robinson
II-19
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
GRAY KENTUCKY TELEVISION, INC.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board (Principal Executive
------------------------------------------------ Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT S. PRATHER, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Robert S. Prather, Jr.
/s/ HILTON H. HOWELL, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Hilton H. Howell, Jr.
/s/ WILLIAM E. MAYHER, III Director
------------------------------------------------
William E. Mayher, III
/s/ RICHARD L. BOGER Director
------------------------------------------------
Richard L. Boger
/s/ RAY M. DEAVER Director
------------------------------------------------
Ray M. Deaver
II-20
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ HOWELL W. NEWTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Howell W. Newton
/s/ HUGH NORTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Hugh Norton
/s/ HARRIETT J. ROBINSON Director
------------------------------------------------
Harriett J. Robinson
II-21
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
GRAY COMMUNICATIONS OF TEXAS, INC.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board (Principal Executive
------------------------------------------------ Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT S. PRATHER, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Robert S. Prather, Jr.
/s/ HILTON H. HOWELL, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Hilton H. Howell, Jr.
/s/ WILLIAM E. MAYHER, III Director
------------------------------------------------
William E. Mayher, III
/s/ RICHARD L. BOGER Director
------------------------------------------------
Richard L. Boger
/s/ RAY M. DEAVER Director
------------------------------------------------
Ray M. Deaver
II-22
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ HOWELL W. NEWTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Howell W. Newton
/s/ HUGH NORTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Hugh Norton
/s/ HARRIETT J. ROBINSON Director
------------------------------------------------
Harriett J. Robinson
II-23
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
GRAY COMMUNICATIONS OF TEXAS - SHERMAN, INC.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
-------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board (Principal Executive
------------------------------------------------ Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT S. PRATHER, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Robert S. Prather, Jr.
/s/ HILTON H. HOWELL, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Hilton H. Howell, Jr.
/s/ WILLIAM E. MAYHER, III Director
------------------------------------------------
William E. Mayher, III
/s/ RICHARD L. BOGER Director
------------------------------------------------
Richard L. Boger
/s/ RAY M. DEAVER Director
------------------------------------------------
Ray M. Deaver
II-24
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ HOWELL W. NEWTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Howell W. Newton
/s/ HUGH NORTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Hugh Norton
/s/ HARRIETT J. ROBINSON Director
------------------------------------------------
Harriett J. Robinson
II-25
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
GRAY TRANSPORTATION COMPANY, INC.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board and President
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board and President
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Executive Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT S. PRATHER, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Robert S. Prather, Jr.
/s/ HILTON H. HOWELL, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Hilton H. Howell, Jr.
/s/ WILLIAM E. MAYHER, III Director
------------------------------------------------
William E. Mayher, III
/s/ RICHARD L. BOGER Director
------------------------------------------------
Richard L. Boger
/s/ RAY M. DEAVER Director
------------------------------------------------
Ray M. Deaver
II-26
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ HOWELL W. NEWTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Howell W. Newton
/s/ HUGH NORTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Hugh Norton
/s/ HARRIETT J. ROBINSON Director
------------------------------------------------
Harriett J. Robinson
II-27
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
GRAY REAL ESTATE AND DEVELOPMENT CO.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board and President
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board and President
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Executive Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT S. PRATHER, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Robert S. Prather, Jr.
/s/ HILTON H. HOWELL, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Hilton H. Howell, Jr.
/s/ WILLIAM E. MAYHER, III Director
------------------------------------------------
William E. Mayher, III
/s/ RICHARD L. BOGER Director
------------------------------------------------
Richard L. Boger
/s/ RAY M. DEAVER Director
------------------------------------------------
Ray M. Deaver
II-28
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ HOWELL W. NEWTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Howell W. Newton
/s/ HUGH NORTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Hugh Norton
/s/ HARRIETT J. ROBINSON Director
------------------------------------------------
Harriett J. Robinson
II-29
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
GRAY FLORIDA HOLDINGS, INC.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board (Principal Executive
------------------------------------------------ Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT S. PRATHER, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Robert S. Prather, Jr.
/s/ HILTON H. HOWELL, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Hilton H. Howell, Jr.
/s/ WILLIAM E. MAYHER, III Director
------------------------------------------------
William E. Mayher, III
/s/ RICHARD L. BOGER Director
------------------------------------------------
Richard L. Boger
/s/ RAY M. DEAVER Director
------------------------------------------------
Ray M. Deaver
II-30
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ HOWELL W. NEWTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Howell W. Newton
/s/ HUGH NORTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Hugh Norton
/s/ HARRIETT J. ROBINSON Director
------------------------------------------------
Harriett J. Robinson
II-31
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
KOLN/KGIN, INC.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board (Principal Executive
------------------------------------------------ Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT S. PRATHER, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Robert S. Prather, Jr.
/s/ HILTON H. HOWELL, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Hilton H. Howell, Jr.
/s/ WILLIAM E. MAYHER, III Director
------------------------------------------------
William E. Mayher, III
/s/ RICHARD L. BOGER Director
------------------------------------------------
Richard L. Boger
/s/ RAY M. DEAVER Director
------------------------------------------------
Ray M. Deaver
II-32
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ HOWELL W. NEWTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Howell W. Newton
/s/ HUGH NORTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Hugh Norton
/s/ HARRIETT J. ROBINSON Director
------------------------------------------------
Harriett J. Robinson
II-33
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
WEAU LICENSEE CORP.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board and President
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board and President
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Executive Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Treasurer (Principal Financial and Accounting
------------------------------------------------ Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT A. BEIZER Director
------------------------------------------------
Robert A. Beizer
/s/ LISA M. OAKES Director
------------------------------------------------
Lisa M. Oakes
II-34
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
KOLN/KGIN LICENSE, INC.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board and President
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board and President
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Executive Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Treasurer (Principal Financial and Accounting
------------------------------------------------ Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT A. BEIZER Director
------------------------------------------------
Robert A. Beizer
/s/ LISA M. OAKES Director
------------------------------------------------
Lisa M. Oakes
II-35
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
WJHG LICENSEE CORP.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board and President
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board and President
------------------------------------------ (Principal Executive Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Treasurer (Principal Financial and Accounting
------------------------------------------ Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT A. BEIZER Director
------------------------------------------
Robert A. Beizer
/s/ LISA M. OAKES Director
------------------------------------------
Lisa M. Oakes
II-36
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
WCTV LICENSEE CORP.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board and President
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board and President
------------------------------------------ (Principal Executive Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Treasurer (Principal Financial and Accounting
------------------------------------------ Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT A. BEIZER Director
------------------------------------------
Robert A. Beizer
/s/ LISA M. OAKES Director
------------------------------------------
Lisa M. Oakes
II-37
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
WVLT LICENSEE CORP.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board and President
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board and President
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Executive Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Treasurer
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT A. BEIZER Director
------------------------------------------------
Robert A. Beizer
/s/ LISA M. OAKES Director
------------------------------------------------
Lisa M. Oakes
II-38
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
WRDW LICENSEE CORP.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board and President
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board and President
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Executive Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Treasurer
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT A. BEIZER Director
------------------------------------------------
Robert A. Beizer
/s/ LISA M. OAKES Director
------------------------------------------------
Lisa M. Oakes
II-39
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
WITN LICENSEE CORP.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board and President
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board and President
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Executive Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Treasurer
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT A. BEIZER Director
------------------------------------------------
Robert A. Beizer
/s/ LISA M. OAKES Director
------------------------------------------------
Lisa M. Oakes
II-40
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
WKYT LICENSEE CORP.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board and President
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board and President
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Executive Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Treasurer (Principal Financial and Accounting
------------------------------------------------ Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT A. BEIZER Director
------------------------------------------------
Robert A. Beizer
/s/ LISA M. OAKES Director
------------------------------------------------
Lisa M. Oakes
II-41
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
WYMT LICENSEE CORP.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board and President
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board and President
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Executive Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Treasurer (Principal Financial and Accounting
------------------------------------------------ Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT A. BEIZER Director
------------------------------------------------
Robert A. Beizer
/s/ LISA M. OAKES Director
------------------------------------------------
Lisa M. Oakes
II-42
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
KWTX-KBTX LICENSEE CORP.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board and President
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board and President
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Executive Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Treasurer (Principal Financial and Accounting
------------------------------------------------ Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT A. BEIZER Director
------------------------------------------------
Robert A. Beizer
/s/ LISA M. OAKES Director
------------------------------------------------
Lisa M. Oakes
II-43
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
KXII LICENSEE CORP.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board and President
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board and President
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Executive Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Treasurer (Principal Financial and Accounting
------------------------------------------------ Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT A. BEIZER Director
------------------------------------------------
Robert A. Beizer
/s/ LISA M. OAKES Director
------------------------------------------------
Lisa M. Oakes
II-44
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
GRAY TELEVISION MANAGEMENT, INC.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board and President
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board and President
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Executive Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Treasurer (Principal Financial and Accounting
------------------------------------------------ Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT A. BEIZER Director
------------------------------------------------
Robert A. Beizer
/s/ LISA M. OAKES Director
------------------------------------------------
Lisa M. Oakes
II-45
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
GRAY MIDAMERICA HOLDINGS, INC.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board and President
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board and President
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Executive Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT S. PRATHER, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Robert S. Prather, Jr.
/s/ HILTON H. HOWELL, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Hilton H. Howell, Jr.
/s/ WILLIAM E. MAYHER, III Director
------------------------------------------------
William E. Mayher, III
/s/ RICHARD L. BOGER Director
------------------------------------------------
Richard L. Boger
/s/ RAY M. DEAVER Director
------------------------------------------------
Ray M. Deaver
II-46
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ HOWELL W. NEWTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Howell W. Newton
/s/ HUGH NORTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Hugh Norton
/s/ HARRIETT J. ROBINSON Director
------------------------------------------------
Harriett J. Robinson
II-47
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
GRAY PUBLISHING, INC.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board and President
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board and President
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Executive Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Treasurer
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT A. BEIZER Director
------------------------------------------------
Robert A. Beizer
/s/ LISA M. OAKES Director
------------------------------------------------
Lisa M. Oakes
II-48
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
GRAY DIGITAL, INC.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board and President
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board and President
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Executive Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Treasurer
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT A. BEIZER Director
------------------------------------------------
Robert A. Beizer
/s/ LISA M. OAKES Director
------------------------------------------------
Lisa M. Oakes
II-49
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
KWTX-KBTX LP CORP.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board and President
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board and President (Principal
------------------------------------------ Executive Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Treasurer (Principal Financial and Accounting
------------------------------------------ Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT A. BEIZER Director
------------------------------------------
Robert A. Beizer
/s/ LISA M. OAKES Director
------------------------------------------
Lisa M. Oakes
II-50
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
KXII LP CORP.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board and President
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board and President (Principal
------------------------------------------ Executive Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Treasurer (Principal Financial and Accounting
------------------------------------------ Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT A. BEIZER Director
------------------------------------------
Robert A. Beizer
/s/ LISA M. OAKES Director
------------------------------------------
Lisa M. Oakes
II-51
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
PORTA-PHONE PAGING LICENSEE CORP.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board and President
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board and President
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Executive Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Treasurer (Principal Financial and Accounting
------------------------------------------------ Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT A. BEIZER Director
------------------------------------------------
Robert A. Beizer
/s/ LISA M. OAKES Director
------------------------------------------------
Lisa M. Oakes
II-52
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
KXII L.P.
By: GRAY COMMUNICATIONS OF TEXAS-SHERMAN,
INC.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
---------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Executive Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT S. PRATHER, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Robert S. Prather, Jr.
/s/ HILTON H. HOWELL, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Hilton H. Howell, Jr.
/s/ WILLIAM E. MAYHER, III Director
------------------------------------------------
William E. Mayher, III
II-53
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ RICHARD L. BOGER Director
------------------------------------------------
Richard L. Boger
/s/ RAY M. DEAVER Director
------------------------------------------------
Ray M. Deaver
/s/ HOWELL W. NEWTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Howell W. Newton
/s/ HUGH NORTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Hugh Norton
/s/ HARRIETT J. ROBINSON Director
------------------------------------------------
Harriett J. Robinson
II-54
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
KWTX-KBTX L.P.
By: GRAY COMMUNICATIONS OF TEXAS, INC.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board (Principal Executive
------------------------------------------------ Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT S. PRATHER, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Robert S. Prather, Jr.
/s/ HILTON H. HOWELL, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Hilton H. Howell, Jr.
/s/ WILLIAM E. MAYHER, III Director
------------------------------------------------
William E. Mayher, III
II-55
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ RICHARD L. BOGER Director
------------------------------------------------
Richard L. Boger
/s/ RAY M. DEAVER Director
------------------------------------------------
Ray M. Deaver
/s/ HOWELL W. NEWTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Howell W. Newton
/s/ HUGH NORTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Hugh Norton
/s/ HARRIETT J. ROBINSON Director
------------------------------------------------
Harriett J. Robinson
II-56
SIGNATURE OF REGISTRANT
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has duly
caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Atlanta, State of
Georgia, on April 10, 2002.
LYNQX COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ J. MACK ROBINSON
------------------------------------
J. Mack Robinson
Chairman of the Board
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on April 10, 2002. Each of the undersigned officers and
directors of the Registrant hereby constitutes J. Mack Robinson, Robert S.
Prather, Jr. and James C. Ryan, any of whom may act, his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact with full power to sign for him or her and in his or her name
in the capacities indicated below and to file any and all amendments to the
Registration Statement filed herewith, making such changes in the Registration
Statement as the Registrant deems appropriate, and generally to do all such
things in his or her name and behalf in his or her capacity as an officer and/or
director to enable the Registrant to comply with the provisions of the
Securities Act of 1933 and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ J. MACK ROBINSON Chairman of the Board (Principal Executive
------------------------------------------------ Officer)
J. Mack Robinson
/s/ JAMES C. RYAN Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
------------------------------------------------ (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
James C. Ryan
/s/ ROBERT S. PRATHER, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Robert S. Prather, Jr.
/s/ HILTON H. HOWELL, JR. Director
------------------------------------------------
Hilton H. Howell, Jr.
/s/ WILLIAM E. MAYHER, III Director
------------------------------------------------
William E. Mayher, III
/s/ RICHARD L. BOGER Director
------------------------------------------------
Richard L. Boger
/s/ RAY M. DEAVER Director
------------------------------------------------
Ray M. Deaver
II-57
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ HOWELL W. NEWTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Howell W. Newton
/s/ HUGH NORTON Director
------------------------------------------------
Hugh Norton
/s/ HARRIETT J. ROBINSON Director
------------------------------------------------
Harriett J. Robinson
II-58
EXHIBIT INDEX
NUMBER
------
3.1 Restated Articles of Incorporation of Gray Communications
Systems, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to
the Registrant's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
1996).
3.2 By-Laws of Gray Communications Systems, Inc., as amended
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the
Registrant's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
1996).
3.3 Amendment of the By-Laws of Gray Communications Systems,
Inc. dated January 6, 1999 (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 3.3 to the Registrant's Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 1998).
4.1 Indenture, dated as of December 15, 2001, by and among Gray
Communications Systems, Inc., as issuer, the Subsidiary
Guarantors named therein and Bankers Trust Company, as
trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.13 to the
Registrant's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
2001).
4.2* Registration Rights Agreement, dated December 21, 2001, by
and among Gray Communications Systems, Inc., the
subsidiaries listed on the signature pages thereto, and
First Union Securities, Inc., Banc of America Securities LLC
and Allen & Company Incorporated.
4.3 Form of Note (included in Exhibit 4.1).
5.1* Opinion of Proskauer Rose LLP as to the legality of the
securities.
5.2* Opinion of Troutman Sanders LLP as to the legality of the
securities.
8.1* Opinion of Proskauer Rose LLP as to the material U.S.
federal income tax consequences to the holders of the
securities.
12.1* Statements regarding computation of ratios.
23.1* Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.
23.2* Consent of Ernst & Young LLP.
23.3* Consent of Proskauer Rose LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1).
23.4* Consent of Troutman Sanders LLP (included in Exhibit 5.2).
24.1* Powers of Attorney (included on signature pages to this
Registration Statement).
25.1* Statement of Eligibility of Trustee.
99.1* Letter of Transmittal, with respect to the original notes
and exchange notes.
99.2* Notice of Guaranteed Delivery, with respect to the original
notes and exchange notes.
99.3* Instructions to Registered Holder and/or Book-Entry Transfer
Facility Participant from Beneficial Owner.
---------------
* Filed herewith.