UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

þ		QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

o		TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number 001-34091

MARKETAXESS HOLDINGS INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		52-2230784 (IRS Employer Identification No.)
299 Park Avenue, 10th Floor New York, New York (Address of principal executive offices)		10171 (Zip Code)

(212) 813-6000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes o No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer o		Accelerated filer þ		Non-accelerated filer o		Smaller reporting company o
				(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No þ

As of October 25, 2011, the number of shares of the Registrant’s voting common stock outstanding was 35,578,526 and the number of shares of the Registrant’s non-voting common stock was 2,585,654.

 

 

MARKETAXESS HOLDINGS INC.
FORM 10-Q FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2011
TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page
PART I — Financial Information
Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010			3
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2011 and 2010			4
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2011			5
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2011 and 2010			6
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements			7
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations			19
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk			35
Item 4. Controls and Procedures			36
PART II — Other Information
Item 1. Legal Proceedings			37
Item 1A. Risk Factors			37
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds			37
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities			37
Item 4. (Removed and Reserved)			37
Item 5. Other Information			38
Item 6. Exhibits			38
EX-31.1: Certification
EX-31.2: Certification
EX-32.1: Certification
EX-32.2: Certification
EX-101 INSTANCE DOCUMENT
EX-101 SCHEMA DOCUMENT
EX-101 CALCULATION LINKBASE DOCUMENT
EX-101 LABELS LINKBASE DOCUMENT
EX-101 PRESENTATION LINKBASE DOCUMENT
EX-101 DEFINITION LINKBASE DOCUMENT

PART I — Financial Information

Item 1.		Financial Statements

MARKETAXESS HOLDINGS INC.

		As of
		September 30,				December 31,
		2011				2010
		(In thousands, except share
		and per share amounts)
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents		$	157,622			$	124,994
Securities available-for-sale, at fair value			80,200				72,552
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $191 and $427 as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively			31,858				25,682
Deferred tax assets, net			9,589				19,813
Goodwill and intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization			34,911				36,012
Furniture, equipment, leasehold improvements and capitalized software, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization			14,076				12,545
Prepaid expenses and other assets			10,944				7,923
Total assets		$	339,200			$	299,521
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Liabilities
Accrued employee compensation		$	15,672			$	17,791
Deferred revenue			5,037				4,571
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities			12,658				12,368
Total liabilities			33,367				34,730
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 10)			—				—
Series B Preferred Stock, $0.001 par value, 35,000 shares authorized; zero and 35,000 issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively			—				30,315
Stockholders’ equity
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 4,855,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010			—				—
Series A Preferred Stock, $0.001 par value, 110,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010			—				—
Common stock voting, $0.003 par value, 110,000,000 shares authorized, 36,882,267 shares and 35,945,001 shares issued and 35,578,526 shares and 31,141,261 shares outstanding as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively			110				108
Common stock non-voting, $0.003 par value, 10,000,000 shares authorized, 2,585,654 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010			9				9
Additional paid-in capital			335,084				340,615
Treasury stock — Common stock voting, at cost, 1,303,741 shares and 4,803,740 shares as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively			(18,998	)			(70,000	)
Accumulated deficit			(8,680	)			(34,605	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss			(1,692	)			(1,651	)
Total stockholders’ equity			305,833				234,476
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity		$	339,200			$	299,521

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

MARKETAXESS HOLDINGS INC.

		Three Months Ended September 30,								Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2011				2010				2011				2010
		(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Revenues
Commissions
U.S. high-grade		$	28,017			$	21,537			$	81,225			$	61,562
Eurobond			4,443				4,075				13,666				14,236
Other			7,362				5,540				21,792				14,121
Total commissions			39,822				31,152				116,683				89,919
Technology products and services			3,779				3,455				10,871				9,870
Information and user access fees			1,831				1,603				5,239				4,959
Investment income			303				301				912				907
Other			829				902				2,259				1,968
Total revenues			46,564				37,413				135,964				107,623
Expenses
Employee compensation and benefits			13,707				14,326				45,079				42,448
Depreciation and amortization			1,799				1,560				4,988				4,798
Technology and communications			2,772				2,543				7,996				7,313
Professional and consulting fees			2,247				2,241				7,784				6,369
Occupancy			721				706				2,195				2,351
Marketing and advertising			1,280				679				3,502				2,066
General and administrative			1,742				1,834				4,553				5,813
Total expenses			24,268				23,889				76,097				71,158
Income before income taxes			22,296				13,524				59,867				36,465
Provision for income taxes			8,852				4,913				23,706				13,984
Net income		$	13,444			$	8,611			$	36,161			$	22,481
Net income per common share
Basic		$	0.36			$	0.24			$	0.98			$	0.61
Diluted		$	0.34			$	0.22			$	0.91			$	0.57
Cash dividends declared per common share		$	0.09			$	0.07			$	0.27			$	0.21
Weighted average common shares
Basic			37,126				32,945				36,798				33,434
Diluted			39,828				38,744				39,539				39,188

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

MARKETAXESS HOLDINGS INC.

														Treasury
						Common								Stock -								Accumu-				Total
		Common				Stock				Additional				Common				Accumu-				lated Other				Stock-
		Stock				Non-				Paid-In				Stock				lated				Comprehen-				holders’
		Voting				Voting				Capital				Voting				Deficit				sive Loss				Equity
		(In thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2010		$	108			$	9			$	340,615			$	(70,000	)		$	(34,605	)		$	(1,651	)		$	234,476
Comprehensive income:
Net income			—				—				—				—				36,161				—				36,161
Cumulative translation adjustment and foreign currency exchange hedge, net of tax			—				—				—				—				—				(509	)			(509	)
Unrealized net gain on securities available-for-sale, net of tax			—				—				—				—				—				468				468
Total comprehensive income																											36,120
Stock-based compensation			—				—				4,997				—				—				—				4,997
Exercise of stock options and grants of restricted stock, net of surrenders on stock option exercises and withholding tax on stock vesting			2				—				447				—				—				—				449
Cash dividend on common stock			—				—				—				—				(10,236	)			—				(10,236	)
Conversion of Series B Preferred Stock to common stock voting			—				—				(20,687	)			51,002				—				—				30,315
Tax benefit from the exercise of warrants in prior years			—				—				4,239				—				—				—				4,239
Windfall tax benefits from stock-based compensation			—				—				5,473				—				—				—				5,473
Balance at September 30, 2011		$	110			$	9			$	335,084			$	(18,998	)		$	(8,680	)		$	(1,692	)		$	305,833

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

MARKETAXESS HOLDINGS INC.

		Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2011				2010
		(In thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income		$	36,161			$	22,481
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization			4,988				4,798
Stock-based compensation expense			4,997				6,628
Deferred taxes			14,496				10,982
Provision for bad debts			56				389
Gain on sale of securities			—				(411	)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities
(Increase) in accounts receivable			(6,232	)			(4,559	)
(Increase) decrease in prepaid expenses and other assets			(6,519	)			450
(Decrease) in accrued employee compensation			(2,119	)			(1,606	)
Increase in deferred revenue			466				616
Increase in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities			497				1,815
Net cash provided by operating activities			46,791				41,583
Cash flows from investing activities
Securities available-for-sale:
Proceeds from maturities and sales			20,845				55,480
Purchases			(27,719	)			(57,194	)
Securities and cash provided as collateral			3,498				28
Purchases of furniture, equipment and leasehold improvements			(2,517	)			(4,684	)
Capitalization of software development costs			(2,898	)			(1,331	)
Net cash (used in) investing activities			(8,791	)			(7,701	)
Cash flows from financing activities
Cash dividend on common stock and Series B Preferred Stock			(10,236	)			(8,039	)
Purchase of treasury stock			—				(23,258	)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and grants of restricted stock, net of surrenders on stock option exercises and withholding tax on stock vesting			449				1,958
Windfall tax benefits from stock-based compensation			5,473				906
Other			(207	)			522
Net cash (used in) financing activities			(4,521	)			(27,911	)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents			(851	)			(567	)
Cash and cash equivalents
Net increase for the period			32,628				5,404
Beginning of year			124,994				103,341
End of period		$	157,622			$	108,745
Supplemental cash flow information
Cash paid during the period:
Income taxes paid		$	9,574			$	1,638
Non-cash activity:
Conversion of Series B Preferred Stock to common stock		$	30,315			$	—

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

MARKETAXESS HOLDINGS INC.

1. Organization and Principal Business Activity

MarketAxess Holdings Inc. (the “Company”) was incorporated in the State of Delaware on April 11, 2000. Through its subsidiaries, the Company operates an electronic trading platform for corporate bonds and other types of fixed-income instruments through which the Company’s institutional investor clients can access the liquidity provided by its broker-dealer clients. The Company’s multi-dealer trading platform allows its institutional investor clients to simultaneously request competitive, executable bids or offers from multiple broker-dealers, and to execute trades with the broker-dealer of their choice. The Company offers its clients the ability to trade U.S. high-grade corporate bonds, European high-grade corporate bonds, credit default swaps, agencies, high yield and emerging markets bonds and asset-backed and preferred securities. The Company also executes certain bond transactions between and among institutional investor and broker-dealer clients on a riskless principal basis by serving as counterparty to both the buyer and the seller in matching back-to-back trades, which then settle through a third-party clearing organization. Through its Corporate BondTicker™ service, the Company provides fixed-income market data, analytics and compliance tools that help its clients make trading decisions. In addition, the Company provides FIX (Financial Information eXchange) message management tools, connectivity solutions and ancillary technology services that facilitate the electronic communication of order information between trading counterparties.

For 2011 and 2010, JPMorgan Chase & Co. was the Company’s sole stockholder broker-dealer client (the “Stockholder Broker-Dealer Client”). This broker-dealer client constituted a related party of the Company. See Note 7, “Related Party.”

2. Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated. These consolidated financial statements are unaudited and should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010. The consolidated financial information as of December 31, 2010 has been derived from audited financial statements not included herein.

These unaudited consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) with respect to Form 10-Q and reflect all adjustments that, in the opinion of management, are normal and recurring, and that are necessary for a fair statement of the results for the interim periods presented. In accordance with such rules and regulations, certain disclosures that are normally included in annual financial statements have been omitted. Interim period operating results may not be indicative of the operating results for a full year.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents includes cash and money market instruments that are primarily maintained at one major global bank. Given this concentration, the Company is exposed to certain credit risk. The Company defines cash equivalents as short-term interest-bearing investments with maturities at the time of purchase of three months or less.

Securities Available-for-Sale

The Company classifies its marketable securities as available-for-sale securities. Unrealized marketable securities gains and losses, net of taxes, are reflected as a net amount under the caption of accumulated other comprehensive loss in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Realized gains and losses are recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations in other revenues. For the purpose of computing realized gains and losses, cost is determined on a specific identification basis.

The Company assesses whether an other-than-temporary impairment loss on the investments has occurred due to declines in fair value or other market conditions. The portion of an other-than-temporary impairment related to credit loss is recorded as a charge in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The remainder is recognized in other comprehensive loss if the Company does not intend to sell the security and it is more likely than not that the Company will not be required to sell the security prior to recovery. No charges for other-than-temporary losses were recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010.

Fair Value Financial Instruments

Fair value is defined as “the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.” A three-tiered fair value hierarchy for determining fair value has been established that prioritizes inputs to valuation techniques used in fair value calculations. The three levels of inputs are defined as Level 1 (unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets), Level 2 (inputs that are observable in the marketplace other than those inputs classified in Level 1) and Level 3 (inputs that are unobservable in the marketplace). The Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis consist of its money market funds, securities available-for-sale portfolio and one foreign currency forward contract.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

All accounts receivable have contractual maturities of less than one year and are derived from trading-related fees and commissions and revenues from products and services. The Company continually monitors collections and payments from its clients and maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts. The allowance for doubtful accounts is based upon the historical collection experience and specific collection issues that have been identified. Additions to the allowance for doubtful accounts are charged to bad debt expense, which is included in general and administrative expense in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Depreciation and Amortization

Fixed assets are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation. The Company uses the straight-line method of depreciation over three to seven years, which is indicative of the estimated useful life of the assets. Leasehold improvements are stated at cost and are amortized using the straight-line method over the lesser of the life of the improvement or the remaining term of the lease.

Software Development Costs

The Company capitalizes certain costs associated with the development of internal use software at the point at which the conceptual formulation, design and testing of possible software project alternatives have been completed. The Company capitalizes employee compensation and related benefits and third party consulting costs incurred during the preliminary software project stage. Once the product is ready for its intended use, such costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over three years. The Company reviews the amounts capitalized for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts of the assets may not be recoverable.

Cash Provided as Collateral

Cash is provided as collateral for electronic bank settlements and broker-dealer clearance accounts. Cash provided as collateral is included in prepaid expenses and other assets in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

Foreign Currency Translation and Forward Contracts

Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated using exchange rates at the end of the period; revenues and expenses are translated at average monthly rates. Gains and losses on foreign currency translation are a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Transaction gains and losses are recorded in general and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The Company enters into foreign currency forward contracts to hedge its net investment in its U.K. subsidiary. Gains and losses on these transactions are included in accumulated other comprehensive loss in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

Revenue Recognition

The majority of the Company’s revenues are derived from commissions for trades executed on its platform that are billed to its broker-dealer clients on a monthly basis. The Company also derives revenues from technology products and services, information and user access fees, investment income and other income.

Commission revenue. Commissions are generally calculated as a percentage of the notional dollar volume of bonds traded on the platform and vary based on the type and maturity of the bond traded. Under the Company’s transaction fee plans, bonds that are more actively traded or that have shorter maturities are generally charged lower commissions, while bonds that are less actively traded or that have longer maturities generally command higher commissions. Under certain fee plans, broker-dealer clients pay monthly distribution fees. For trades that the Company executes between and among institutional investor and broker-dealer clients on a riskless principal basis by serving as counterparty to both the buyer and the seller, the Company earns the commission through the difference in price between the two back-to-back trades.

Technology products and services. The Company generates revenues from technology software licenses, maintenance and support services (referred to as post-contract technical support or “PCS”) and professional consulting services. Revenue is generally recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred, the fee is fixed or determinable and collection is considered probable. The Company generally sells software licenses and PCS together as part of multiple-element arrangements. The Company also enters into contracts for technology integration consulting services unrelated to any software product.

For arrangements that include multiple elements, generally software licenses and PCS, we allocate and defer revenue for the undelivered items based on vendor specific objective evidence (“VSOE”) of the fair value of the undelivered elements and recognize the difference between the total arrangement fee and the amount deferred for the undelivered items as license revenue. VSOE of each element is based on historical evidence of stand-alone sales of these elements to third parties or the stated renewal rate for the undelivered elements. When VSOE does not exist for undelivered items, the entire arrangement fee is recognized ratably over the performance period. For PCS the term is typically one year and revenue is recognized over the duration of the arrangement on a straight-line basis.

Professional consulting services are generally separately priced and are typically not essential to the functionality of the Company’s software products. Revenues from these services are recognized separately from the license fee. Generally, revenue from time-and-materials consulting contracts is recognized as services are performed.

Revenues from contracts for technology integration consulting services are recognized on the percentage-of-completion method. Percentage-of-completion accounting involves calculating the percentage of services provided during the reporting period compared to the total estimated services to be provided over the duration of the contract. If estimates indicate that a contract loss will occur, a loss provision is recorded in the period in which the loss first becomes probable and reasonably estimable. Contract losses are determined to be the amount by which the estimated direct and indirect costs of the contract exceed the estimated total revenues that will be generated by the contract. There were no contract loss provisions recorded as of September 30, 2011 and 2010. Revenues recognized in excess of billings are recorded as unbilled services within other assets. Billings in excess of revenues recognized are recorded as deferred revenues until revenue recognition criteria are met.

Initial set-up fees. The Company enters into agreements with its broker-dealer clients pursuant to which the Company provides access to its platform through a non-exclusive and non-transferable license. Broker-dealer clients may pay an initial set-up fee, which is typically due and payable upon execution of the broker-dealer agreement. The initial set-up fee, if any, varies by agreement. Revenue is recognized over the initial term of the agreement, which is generally two years.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company measures and recognizes compensation expense for all share-based payment awards based on their estimated fair values measured as of the grant date. These costs are recognized as an expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations over the requisite service period, which is typically the vesting period, with an offsetting increase to additional paid-in capital.

Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method. Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when such differences are expected to reverse. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is recognized against deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not that such assets will not be realized in future years. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Business Combinations, Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Business acquisitions are accounted for under the purchase method of accounting. The total cost of an acquisition is allocated to the underlying net assets based on their respective estimated fair values. The excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair values of the net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. Determining the fair value of certain assets acquired and liabilities assumed is judgmental in nature and often involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions, including assumptions with respect to future cash flows, discount rates, growth rates and asset lives.

An impairment review of goodwill is performed on an annual basis and more frequently if circumstances change. Intangible assets with definite lives, including purchased technologies, customer relationships and other intangible assets, are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, ranging from five to ten years. Intangible assets are assessed for impairment when events or circumstances indicate the existence of a possible impairment.

Earnings Per Share

For 2010, earnings per share (“EPS”) was calculated using the two-class method. Basic EPS is computed by dividing the net income attributable to common stock by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period, including consideration of the two-class method to the extent that participating securities were outstanding during the period. Under the two-class method, undistributed net income is allocated to common stock and participating securities based on their respective right to share in dividends. The Series B Preferred Stock was convertible into shares of common stock and also included a right whereby, upon the declaration or payment of a dividend or distribution on the common stock, a dividend or distribution must also be declared or paid on the Series B Preferred Stock based on the number of shares of common stock into which such securities were convertible at the time. Due to these rights, the Series B Preferred Stock was considered a participating security requiring the use of the two-class method for the computation of basic EPS.

In January 2011, all of the shares of the Series B Preferred Stock were mandatorily and automatically converted into shares of common stock. For 2011, basic EPS is computed by dividing the net income attributable to common stock by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period.

Diluted EPS is computed using the more dilutive of the (a) if-converted method or (b) two-class method. Since the Series B Preferred Stock participated equally with the common stock in dividends and unallocated income, diluted EPS under the if-converted method was and is equivalent to the two-class method. For both 2011 and 2010, the weighted-average shares outstanding of common stock reflects the dilutive effect that could occur if convertible securities or other contracts to issue common stock were converted into or exercised for common stock.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In October 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued authoritative guidance on revenue recognition. The guidance required entities to allocate revenue in an arrangement with multiple deliverables using estimated selling prices of the delivered goods and services based on a selling price hierarchy. The guidance also removed tangible products from the scope of software revenue guidance and provides guidance on determining whether software deliverables in an arrangement that includes a tangible product are covered by the scope of the software revenue guidance. The Company adopted the new revenue recognition guidance effective January 1, 2011 and there was no material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

3. Net Capital Requirements and Customer Protection Requirements

MarketAxess Corporation, a U.S. subsidiary, is a registered broker-dealer with the SEC and is a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”). MarketAxess Corporation claims exemption from SEC Rule 15c3-3, as it does not hold customer securities or funds on account, as defined. Pursuant to the Uniform Net Capital Rule under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, MarketAxess Corporation is required to maintain minimum net capital, as defined, equal to the greater of $100,000 or 6 2/3% of aggregate indebtedness. MarketAxess Europe Limited, a U.K. subsidiary, is registered as a Multilateral Trading Facility with the Financial Services Authority (“FSA”) in the U.K. MarketAxess Canada Limited, a Canadian subsidiary, is registered as an Alternative Trading System dealer under the Securities Act of Ontario and is a member of the Investment Industry Regulatory Organization of Canada. MarketAxess Europe Limited and MarketAxess Canada Limited are subject to certain financial resource requirements of the FSA and the Ontario Securities Commission, respectively. The following table sets forth the capital requirements, as defined, that the Company’s subsidiaries were required to maintain as of September 30, 2011:

		MarketAxess				MarketAxess				MarketAxess
		Corporation				Europe Limited				Canada Limited
		(In thousands)
Net capital		$	74,936			$	24,364			$	387
Minimum net capital required			2,709				3,188				262
Excess net capital		$	72,227			$	21,176			$	125

The Company’s regulated subsidiaries are subject to U.S., U.K. and Canadian regulations which prohibit repayment of borrowings from the Company or affiliates, paying cash dividends, making loans to the Company or affiliates or otherwise entering into transactions that result in a significant reduction in regulatory net capital or financial resources, respectively, without prior notification to or approval from such regulated entity’s principal regulator.

4. Fair Value Measurements

The following table summarizes the valuation of the Company’s assets measured at fair value as categorized based on the hierarchy described in Note 2.

		Level 1				Level 2				Level 3				Total
		(In thousands)
As of September 30, 2011
Money market funds		$	108,352			$	—			$	—			$	108,352
Securities available-for-sale:
U.S. government obligations			—				55,565				—				55,565
Municipal securities			—				22,579				—				22,579
Corporate bonds			—				2,056				—				2,056
Foreign currency forward position			—				126				—				126
		$	108,352			$	80,326			$	—			$	188,678
As of December 31, 2010
Money market funds		$	96,661			$	—			$	—			$	96,661
Securities available-for-sale:
U.S. government obligations			—				41,351				—				41,351
Municipal securities			—				29,145				—				29,145
Corporate bonds			—				2,056				—				2,056
Foreign currency forward position			—				(337	)			—				(337	)
		$	96,661			$	72,215			$	—			$	168,876

Securities classified within Level 2 were valued using a market approach utilizing prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving comparable assets. The foreign currency forward contract is classified within Level 2 as the valuation inputs are based on quoted market prices. There were no financial assets classified within Level 3 during 2011 and 2010.

The Company enters into foreign currency forward contracts with a noncontrolling stockholder broker-dealer client to hedge the exposure to variability in foreign currency cash flows resulting from the net investment in the Company’s U.K. subsidiary. The Company assesses each foreign currency forward contract to ensure that it is highly effective at reducing the exposure being hedged. The Company designates each foreign currency forward contract as a hedge, assesses the risk management objective and strategy, including identification of the hedging instrument, the hedged item and the risk exposure and how effectiveness is to be assessed prospectively and retrospectively. These hedges are for a one-month period and are used to limit exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. The gross and net fair value asset of $0.1 million as of September 30, 2011 is included in other assets and the gross and net fair value liability of $0.3 million as of December 31, 2010 is included in accounts payable in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Gains or losses on foreign currency forward contracts designated as hedges are included in accumulated other comprehensive loss in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. A summary of the foreign currency forward contract is as follows:

		As of
		September 30, 2011				December 31, 2010
		(In thousands)
Notional value		$	27,597			$	29,117
Fair value of notional			27,471				29,454
Gross and net fair value asset (liability)		$	126			$	(337	)

The following is a summary of the Company’s securities available-for-sale:

						Gross				Gross				Estimated
		Amortized				unrealized				unrealized				fair
		cost				gains				losses				value
		(In thousands)
As of September 30, 2011
U.S. government obligations		$	53,840			$	1,725			$	—			$	55,565
Municipal securities			22,577				10				(8	)			22,579
Corporate bonds			2,047				9				—				2,056
Total securities available-for-sale		$	78,464			$	1,744			$	(8	)		$	80,200
As of December 31, 2010
U.S. government obligations		$	40,383			$	968			$	—			$	41,351
Municipal securities			29,150				14				(19	)			29,145
Corporate bonds			2,056				—				—				2,056
Total securities available-for-sale		$	71,589			$	982			$	(19	)		$	72,552

The following table summarizes the contractual maturities of securities available-for-sale:

		As of
		September 30, 2011				December 31, 2010
		(In thousands)
Less than one year		$	21,364			$	23,593
Due in 1 – 5 years			58,836				48,959
Total securities available-for-sale		$	80,200			$	72,552

Proceeds from the maturities of securities available-for-sale during the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010 were $20.8 million and $55.5 million, respectively.

The following table provides fair values and unrealized losses on securities available-for-sale and by the aging of the securities’ continuous unrealized loss position:

		Less than Twelve Months								Twelve Months or More								Total
		Estimated				Gross				Estimated				Gross				Estimated				Gross
		fair				unrealized				fair				unrealized				fair				unrealized
		value				losses				value				losses				value				losses
		(In thousands)
As of September 30, 2011
U.S. government obligations		$	—			$	—			$	—			$	—			$	—			$	—
Municipal securities			10,750				(8	)			—				—				10,750				(8	)
Corporate bonds			—				—				—				—				—				—
Total securities available-for-sale		$	10,750			$	(8	)		$	—			$	—			$	10,750			$	(8	)
As of December 31, 2010
U.S. government obligations		$	—			$	—			$	—			$	—			$	—			$	—
Municipal securities			18,218				(19	)			—				—				18,218				(19	)
Corporate bonds			—				—				—				—				—				—
Total securities available-for-sale		$	18,218			$	(19	)		$	—			$	—			$	18,218			$	(19	)

5. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill and intangible assets principally relate to the acquisitions of Greenline Financial Technologies, Inc. in 2008 and Trade West Systems, LLC in 2007. Goodwill was $31.8 million as of both September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010. Intangible assets that are subject to amortization, including the related accumulated amortization, are comprised of the following:

		September 30, 2011												December 31, 2010
						Accumulated				Net Carrying								Accumulated				Net Carrying
		Cost				Amortization				Amount				Cost				Amortization				Amount
		(In thousands)
Technology		$	4,010			$	(3,029	)		$	981			$	4,010			$	(2,505	)		$	1,505
Customer relationships			3,530				(1,895	)			1,635				3,530				(1,584	)			1,946
Non-competition agreements			1,260				(899	)			361				1,260				(710	)			550
Tradenames			590				(440	)			150				590				(363	)			227
Total		$	9,390			$	(6,263	)		$	3,127			$	9,390			$	(5,162	)		$	4,228

Amortization expense associated with identifiable intangible assets was $1.1 million for both the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010. Estimated total amortization expense is $1.5 million for 2011, $1.4 million for 2012, $0.5 million for 2013, $0.3 million for 2014 and $0.2 million for 2015.

6. Income Taxes

The provision for income taxes consists of the following:

		Three Months Ended September 30,								Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2011				2010				2011				2010
		(In thousands)
Current:
Federal		$	26			$	291			$	26			$	697
State and local			1,053				—				2,973				(32	)
Foreign			536				391				1,043				1,401
Total current provision			1,615				682				4,042				2,066
Deferred:
Federal			6,459				3,307				15,824				9,476
State and local			869				922				3,821				2,407
Foreign			(91	)			2				19				35
Total deferred provision			7,237				4,231				19,664				11,918
Provision for income taxes		$	8,852			$	4,913			$	23,706			$	13,984

The following is a summary of the Company’s net deferred tax assets:

		As of
		September 30, 2011				December 31, 2010
		(In thousands)
Deferred tax assets and liabilities		$	9,982			$	20,062
Valuation allowance			(393	)			(249	)
Deferred tax assets, net		$	9,589			$	19,813

In April 2000, the Board of Directors initiated a warrant program that commenced on February 1, 2001. Under this program, the Company reserved for issuance 5,000,002 shares of common stock. The warrants were issued to certain broker-dealer stockholders (the “Warrant Holders”). The Warrant Holders were entitled to purchase shares of common stock from the Company at an exercise price of $.003. The warrants were issued to the Warrant Holders at the time that they made an equity investment in the Company. Allocations were based on each Warrant Holder’s respective commissions as a percentage of the total commissions from the six participating Warrant Holders, calculated on a quarterly basis. The final share allocations under the warrant program occurred on March 1, 2004. Shares allocated under the warrant program were expensed on a quarterly basis at fair market value. All of the warrants were exercised prior to 2008. Through December 31, 2009, the tax benefit on a portion of the tax deduction generated on the exercise of the warrants had not yet been recorded. During 2010, the Company recognized a portion of the tax benefits amounting to $11.4 million as an increase to additional paid-in-capital due to the utilization of the related tax loss carryforwards of $31.0 million. During the first quarter of 2011, the Company recognized the remaining portion of the tax benefit, amounting to $4.2 million, as an increase to additional paid-in-capital due to the expected utilization of the related tax loss carryforwards of $10.4 million.

The Company or one of its subsidiaries files U.S. federal, state and foreign income tax returns. No income tax returns have been audited, with the exception of New York state (through 2006) and Connecticut state (through 2003) tax returns. An examination of the Company’s New York state franchise tax returns for 2007 through 2009 is currently underway. The Company cannot estimate when the examination will conclude.

During the first quarter of 2011, the Company reached a settlement for a reimbursement claim on previously paid sales tax amounting to approximately $0.7 million. This amount has been reflected as a reduction of general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

7. Related Party

The Company generates commissions, technology products and services revenues, information and user access fees, investment income and other income and related accounts receivable balances from the Stockholder Broker-Dealer Client or its affiliates. In addition, the Stockholder Broker-Dealer Client acts in an investment advisory, custodial and cash management capacity for the Company. The Company incurs bank fees in connection with these arrangements. The Company also maintained an account with and paid commissions to the Stockholder Broker-Dealer Client in connection with a 2010 share repurchase program. As of the dates and for the periods indicated below, the Company had the following balances and transactions with the Stockholder Broker-Dealer Client or its affiliates:

		As of
		September 30, 2011				December 31, 2010
		(In thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents		$	146,577			$	110,642
Securities and cash provided as collateral			551				4,049
Accounts receivable			1,473				829
Accounts payable			36				66

		Three Months Ended September 30,								Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2011				2010				2011				2010
		(In thousands)
Commissions		$	1,857			$	1,368			$	5,080			$	4,106
Technology products and services			70				5				115				16
Information and user access fees			47				32				140				85
Investment income			19				33				66				68
Other income			17				16				51				47
General and administrative			20				3				60				24

8. Stock-Based Compensation Plans

Stock-based compensation expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010 was as follows:

		Three Months Ended September 30,								Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2011				2010				2011				2010
		(In thousands)
Employee:
Stock options		$	99			$	436			$	226			$	1,307
Restricted stock and performance shares			1,627				1,517				4,309				4,895
			1,726				1,953				4,535				6,202
Non-employee directors:
Stock options			—				—				—				83
Restricted stock			172				175				462				343
			172				175				462				426
Total stock-based compensation		$	1,898			$	2,128			$	4,997			$	6,628

The Company records stock-based compensation for employees in employee compensation and benefits and for non-employee directors in general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. In conjunction with the June 2011 resignation of the Company’s President, unvested stock options, restricted stock and performance shares were canceled and previously recorded expense amounting to $1.4 million was reversed.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2011, the Company granted to employees and non-employee directors a total of 340,771 options to purchase shares of common stock, 435,548 shares of restricted stock or restricted stock units and performance-based shares with an expected pay-out at target of 77,665 shares of common stock. Based on the Black-Scholes option pricing model, the weighted-average fair value for each option granted was $11.29 per share. The fair value of the restricted stock and performance-based share awards was based on a weighted-average grant date fair value per share of $21.85 and $21.56, respectively. As of September 30, 2011, the total unrecognized compensation costs related to non-vested awards was $14.4 million. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.8 years.

9. Earnings Per Share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per common share.

		Three Months Ended September 30,								Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2011				2010				2011				2010
		(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Basic EPS
Net income		$	13,444			$	8,611			$	36,161			$	22,481
Amount allocable to common shareholders			100.0	%			90.4	%			100.0	%			90.5	%
Net income applicable to common stock		$	13,444			$	7,784			$	36,161			$	20,351
Common stock — voting			34,540				30,359				34,212				30,848
Common stock — non-voting			2,586				2,586				2,586				2,586
Basic weighted average shares outstanding			37,126				32,945				36,798				33,434
Basic earnings per share		$	0.36			$	0.24			$	0.98			$	0.61
Diluted EPS
Net income		$	13,444			$	8,611			$	36,161			$	22,481
Basic weighted average shares outstanding			37,126				32,945				36,798				33,434
Effect of dilutive shares:
Series B Preferred Stock			—				3,500				—				3,500
Stock options, restricted stock and warrants			2,702				2,299				2,741				2,254
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding			39,828				38,744				39,539				39,188
Diluted earnings per share		$	0.34			$	0.22			$	0.91			$	0.57

Stock options, restricted stock and warrants totaling 0.2 million shares and 0.6 million shares for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively, and 0.3 million shares and 0.6 million shares for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively, were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share because their effect would have been antidilutive. The computation of diluted shares can vary among periods due, in part, to the change in the average price of the Company’s common stock.

10. Commitments and Contingencies

The Company leases office space and equipment under non-cancelable lease agreements expiring at various dates through 2022. Office space leases are subject to escalation based on certain costs incurred by the landlord. Minimum rental commitments as of September 30, 2011 under such operating and capital leases were as follows:

		Operating				Capital
		Leases				Leases
		(In thousands)
Remainder of 2011		$	449			$	84
2012			1,805				335
2013			1,789				322
2014			1,756				42
2015			2,013				—
2016			2,026				—
Thereafter			10,157				—
Minimum lease payments			19,995				783
Less amount representing interest			—				64
		$	19,995			$	719

Rental expense was $1.8 million and $2.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively, and is included in occupancy expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Rental expense has been recorded based on the total minimum lease payments after giving effect to rent abatement and concessions, which are being amortized on a straight-line basis over the life of the lease, and sublease income. The Company is contingently obligated for standby letters of credit amounting to $1.6 million that were issued to landlords for office space.

In 2008, the Company assigned the lease agreement on a leased property to a third party. The Company is contingently liable should the assignee default on future lease obligations through the November 2015 lease termination date. The aggregate amount of future lease obligations under this arrangement was $1.5 million as of September 30, 2011.

The Company, through two regulated subsidiaries, executes certain bond transactions between and among institutional investor and broker-dealer clients on a riskless principal basis by serving as counterparty to both the buyer and the seller in matching back-to-back trades, which are then settled through a third-party clearing organization. The Company acts as intermediary on a riskless principal basis in these bond transactions by serving as counterparty to the two clients involved. Settlement typically occurs within one to three trading days after the trade date. Cash settlement of the transaction occurs upon receipt or delivery of the underlying instrument that was traded. Under securities clearing agreements with the independent third party, the Company maintains a cash collateral deposit with the clearing broker. As of September 30, 2011, the collateral deposit included in prepaid expenses and other assets in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition was $0.9 million. The Company is exposed to credit risk in the event a counterparty does not fulfill its obligation to complete a transaction. Pursuant to the terms of the securities clearing agreements between the Company and the independent clearing broker, the clearing broker has the right to charge the Company for losses resulting from a counterparty’s failure to fulfill its contractual obligations. The losses are not capped at a maximum amount and apply to all trades executed through the clearing broker. At September 30, 2011, the Company had not recorded any liabilities with regard to this right.

In the normal course of business, the Company enters into contracts that contain a variety of representations, warranties and general indemnifications. The Company’s maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown, as this would involve future claims that may be made against the Company that have not yet occurred. However, based on experience, the Company expects the risk of loss to be remote.

11. Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income was as follows:

		Three Months Ended September 30,								Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2011				2010				2011				2010
		(In thousands)
Net income		$	13,444			$	8,611			$	36,161			$	22,481
Cumulative translation adjustment and foreign currency exchange hedge, net of taxes			(185	)			(63	)			(509	)			(380	)
Unrealized gain on securities available-for-sale, net of taxes			186				95				468				669
Total comprehensive income		$	13,445			$	8,643			$	36,120			$	22,770

12. Customer Concentration

During both the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, no single client accounted for more than 10% of total revenue. One client accounted for 14.9% and 15.5% of trading volumes during the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.

13. Series B Preferred Stock Conversion

During 2008, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with two funds managed by Technology Crossover Ventures (the “Purchasers”), pursuant to which the Company sold to the Purchasers (i) 35,000 shares of the Company’s Series B Preferred Stock, which shares were convertible into an aggregate of 3,500,000 shares of common stock, and (ii) warrants (the “Warrants” and, together with the Series B Preferred Stock, the “Securities”) to purchase an aggregate of 700,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $10.00 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $35.0 million. The net proceeds, after the placement agent fee and legal fees, were $33.5 million. The Warrants may be exercised for cash or on a net exercise basis. The Warrants expire on the tenth anniversary of the date they were first issued and are subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments in the event of stock splits, reverse stock splits, stock dividends and similar transactions.

The shares of Series B Preferred Stock were convertible at any time by the holders thereof at a conversion price of $10.00 per share, subject to certain anti-dilution adjustments and also were subject to automatic conversion into shares of common stock if the closing price of the common stock was at least $17.50 on each trading day for a period of 65 consecutive trading days. On January 24, 2011, all of the shares of the Series B Preferred Stock were mandatorily and automatically converted into 3,499,999 shares of common stock.

14. Share Repurchase Program

In October 2011, the Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program for up to $35.0 million of the Company’s common stock. Shares repurchased under the program will be held in treasury for future use.

Item 2.		Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward-Looking Statements

This report contains certain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements may be identified by words such as “expects,” “intends,” “anticipates,” “plans,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates,” “will,” or words of similar meaning and include, but are not limited to, statements regarding the outlook for our future business and financial performance. Forward-looking statements are based on management’s current expectations and assumptions, which are subject to inherent uncertainties, risks and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict. It is routine for our internal projections and expectations to change as the year or each quarter in the year progresses, and therefore it should be clearly understood that the internal projections and beliefs upon which we base our expectations may change prior to the end of each quarter or the year. Although these expectations may change, we are under no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements contained in this report. Our company policy is generally to provide our expectations only once per quarter, and not to update that information until the next quarter. Actual future events or results may differ materially from those contained in the projections or forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include those discussed below and elsewhere in this report, particularly in the section captioned Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors.”

Executive Overview

MarketAxess operates a leading electronic trading platform that allows investment industry professionals to efficiently trade corporate bonds and other types of fixed-income instruments. Our over 850 active institutional investor clients (firms that executed at least one trade in U.S. or European fixed-income securities through our electronic trading platform between October 2010 and September 2011) include investment advisers, mutual funds, insurance companies, public and private pension funds, bank portfolios, broker-dealers and hedge funds. Our 80 broker-dealer market-maker clients provide liquidity on the platform and include most of the leading broker-dealers in global fixed-income trading. The Company also executes certain bond transactions between and among institutional investor and broker-dealer clients on a riskless principal basis by serving as counterparty to both the buyer and the seller in matching back-to-back trades, which then settle through a third-party clearing organization. Through our Corporate BondTicker™ service, we provide fixed-income market data, analytics and compliance tools that help our clients make trading decisions. In addition, we provide FIX (Financial Information eXchange) message management tools, connectivity solutions and ancillary technology services that facilitate the electronic communication of order information between trading counterparties. Our revenues are primarily generated from the trading of U.S. high-grade corporate bonds.

Our multi-dealer trading platform allows our institutional investor clients to simultaneously request competing, executable bids or offers from our broker-dealer clients and execute trades with the broker-dealer of their choice from among those that choose to respond. We offer our broker-dealer clients a solution that enables them to efficiently reach our institutional investor clients for the distribution and trading of bonds. In addition to U.S. high-grade corporate bonds, European high-grade corporate bonds and emerging markets bonds, including both investment-grade and non-investment grade debt, we also offer our clients the ability to trade crossover and high-yield bonds, agency bonds, asset-backed and preferred securities and credit default swaps.

The majority of our revenues are derived from commissions for trades executed on our platform that are billed to our broker-dealer clients on a monthly basis. We also derive revenues from technology products and services, information and user access fees, investment income and other income. Our expenses consist of employee compensation and benefits, depreciation and amortization, technology and communication expenses, professional and consulting fees, occupancy, marketing and advertising and other general and administrative expenses.

Our objective is to provide the leading global electronic trading platform for fixed-income securities, connecting broker-dealers and institutional investors more easily and efficiently, while offering a broad array of information, trading and technology services to market participants across the trading cycle. The key elements of our strategy are:

	•		to innovate and efficiently add new functionality and product offerings to the MarketAxess platform that we believe will help to increase our market share with existing clients, as well as expand our client base;
	•		to leverage our technology, as well as our strong broker-dealer and institutional investor relationships, to deploy our electronic trading platform into additional product segments within the fixed-income securities markets, deliver fixed-income securities-related technical services and products and deploy our electronic trading platform into new client segments;

	•		to continue building our existing service offerings so that our electronic trading platform is fully integrated into the workflow of our broker-dealer and institutional investor clients and to continue to add functionality to allow our clients to achieve a fully automated end-to-end straight-through processing solution (automation from trade initiation to settlement);
	•		to add new content and analytical capabilities to Corporate BondTicker™ in order to improve the value of the information we provide to our clients; and
	•		to continue to supplement our internal growth by entering into strategic alliances, or acquiring businesses or technologies that will enable us to enter new markets, provide new products or services, or otherwise enhance the value of our platform to our clients.

Critical Factors Affecting Our Industry and Our Company

Economic, Political and Market Factors

The global fixed-income securities industry is risky and volatile and is directly affected by a number of economic, political and market factors that may result in declining trading volume. These factors could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. These factors include, among others, credit market conditions, the current interest rate environment, including the volatility of interest rates and investors’ forecasts of future interest rates, economic and political conditions in the United States, Europe and elsewhere, and consolidation or contraction of broker-dealers.

Competitive Landscape

The global fixed-income securities industry generally, and the electronic financial services markets in which we engage in particular, are highly competitive, and we expect competition to intensify in the future. Sources of competition for us will continue to include, among others, bond trading conducted directly between broker-dealers and their institutional investor clients over the telephone or electronically and other multi-dealer trading companies. Competitors, including companies in which some of our broker-dealer clients have invested, have developed electronic trading platforms or have announced their intention to explore the development of electronic platforms that may compete with us.

In general, we compete on the basis of a number of key factors, including, among others, the liquidity provided on our platform, the magnitude and frequency of price improvement enabled by our platform and the quality and speed of execution. We believe that we compete favorably with respect to these factors. We continue to proactively build technology solutions that serve the needs of the credit markets.

Our competitive position is also enhanced by the familiarity and integration of our broker-dealer and institutional investor clients with our electronic trading platform and other systems. We have focused on the unique aspects of the credit markets we serve in the development of our platform, working closely with our clients to provide a system that is suited to their needs.

Regulatory Environment

Our industry has been and is subject to continuous regulatory changes and may become subject to new regulations or changes in the interpretation or enforcement of existing regulations, which could require us to incur significant costs.

Our U.S. subsidiary, MarketAxess Corporation, is a registered broker-dealer with the SEC and is a member of FINRA. Our U.K. subsidiary, MarketAxess Europe Limited, is registered as a multilateral trading facility dealer with the FSA in the U.K. MarketAxess Canada Limited, a Canadian subsidiary, is registered as an Alternative Trading System dealer under the Securities Act of Ontario and is a member of the Investment Industry Regulatory Organization of Canada. Relevant regulations prohibit repayment of borrowings from these subsidiaries or their affiliates, paying cash dividends, making loans to us or our affiliates or otherwise entering into transactions that result in a significant reduction in regulatory net capital or financial resources, without prior notification to or approval from such regulated entity’s principal regulator.

On July 21, 2010, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) was signed into law, marking the greatest change to financial supervision since the 1930’s. U.S. financial regulators are in the midst of an intense period of rulemaking to implement the provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act, and market participants will need to make strategic decisions in an environment of regulatory uncertainty. Among the most significant aspects of the derivatives section of the Dodd-Frank Act are mandatory clearing of certain derivatives transactions (“swaps”) through regulated central clearing organizations and mandatory trading of those swaps through either regulated exchanges or swap execution facilities, in each case, subject to certain key exceptions. As with other parts of the Dodd-Frank Act, many of the details of the new regulatory regime relating to swaps are left to the regulators to determine through rulemaking. Subject to such rulemaking, we currently expect to establish and operate a swap execution facility and/or a security-based swap execution facility.

As a public company listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market, we are subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and NASDAQ rules. The requirements of these rules and regulations impose legal and financial compliance costs, make some activities more difficult, time-consuming and/or costly and may also place a strain on our systems and resources. In order to maintain and improve the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting, significant resources and management oversight are required.

Rapid Technological Changes

We must continue to enhance and improve our electronic trading platform. The electronic financial services industry is characterized by increasingly complex systems and infrastructures and new business models. Our future success will depend on our ability to enhance our existing products and services, develop and/or license new products and technologies that address the increasingly sophisticated and varied needs of our broker-dealer and institutional investor clients and prospective clients and respond to technological advances and emerging industry standards and practices on a cost-effective and timely basis. We received five patents in 2009 covering our most significant trading protocols and other aspects of our trading system technology, we received two additional patents in 2010 and other patents are pending.

Trends in Our Business

The majority of our revenues are derived from monthly distribution fees and commissions for transactions executed on our platform between our institutional investor and broker-dealer clients. We believe that there are five key variables that impact the notional value of such transactions on our platform and the amount of commissions and distribution fees earned by us:

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the number of institutional investor clients that participate on the platform and their willingness to originate transactions through the platform;

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the number of broker-dealer clients on the platform and the frequency and competitiveness of the price responses they provide to the institutional investor clients;

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the number of markets for which we make trading available to our clients;

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the overall level of activity in these markets; and

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the level of commissions that we collect for trades executed through the platform.

We believe that overall corporate bond market trading volume is affected by various factors including the absolute levels of interest rates, the direction of interest rate movements, the level of new issues of corporate bonds and the volatility of corporate bond spreads versus U.S. Treasury securities. Because a significant percentage of our revenue is tied directly to the volume of securities traded on our platform, it is likely that a general decline in trading volumes, regardless of the cause of such decline, would reduce our revenues and have a significant negative impact on profitability.

Commission Revenue

Commissions are generally calculated as a percentage of the notional dollar volume of bonds traded on our platform and vary based on the type, size, yield and maturity of the bond traded. The commission rates are based on a number of factors, including fees charged by inter-dealer brokers in the respective markets, average bid-offer spreads in the products we offer and transaction costs through alternative channels including the telephone. Under our transaction fee plans, bonds that are more actively traded or that have shorter maturities are generally charged lower commissions, while bonds that are less actively traded or that have longer maturities generally command higher commissions.

U.S. High-Grade Corporate Bond Commissions. Our U.S. high-grade corporate bond fee plans for fully electronic trades generally incorporate monthly distribution fees and variable transaction fees billed to our broker-dealer clients on a monthly basis. Certain dealers participate in fee programs which do not contain fixed monthly distribution fees and instead incorporate additional per transaction execution fees and minimum monthly fee commitments. Under the fee plans, we electronically add the transaction fee to the spread quoted by the broker-dealer client.

Eurobond Commissions. Similar to the U.S. high-grade plans, our European fee plan incorporates monthly distribution fees as well as variable transaction fees. In June 2010, we launched a click-to-trade protocol in the European market. Click-to-trade is offered alongside our request-for-quote product and consists of streamed indicative pricing in credit and rates products. Clients have the ability to request a trade at the displayed price with the indicated dealer. In connection with the launch, the Eurobond fee plan was revised and a standard commission rate was established across most types of bonds. Prior to this change, the variable transaction fee was dependent on the type of bond traded and the maturity of the issue.

Other Commissions. Commissions for other bond, asset-backed and preferred securities and credit default swap trades generally vary based on the type and the maturity of the instrument traded. We generally operate using standard fee schedules that may include both transaction fees and monthly distribution fees that are charged to the participating dealers.

For trades that we execute between and among institutional investor and broker-dealer clients on a riskless principal basis by serving as counterparty to both the buyer and the seller, we earn our commission through the difference in price between the two back-to-back trades.

We anticipate that average fees per million may change in the future. Consequently, past trends in commissions are not necessarily indicative of future commissions.

Other Revenue

In addition to the commissions discussed above, we earn revenue from technology products and services, information services fees paid by institutional investor and broker-dealer clients, income on investments and other income.

Technology Products and Services. Technology products and services include software licenses, maintenance and support services and professional consulting services.

Information and User Access Fees. We charge information services fees for Corporate BondTicker^TM to our broker-dealer clients, institutional investor clients and data-only subscribers. The information services fee is a flat monthly fee, based on the level of service. We also generate information services fees from the sale of bulk data to certain institutional investor clients and data-only subscribers. Institutional investor clients trading U.S. high-grade corporate bonds are charged a monthly user access fee for the use of our platform. The fee, billed quarterly, is charged to the client based on the number of the client’s users. To encourage institutional investor clients to execute trades on our platform, we reduce these information and user access fees for such clients once minimum quarterly trading volumes are attained.

Investment Income. Investment income consists of income earned on our investments.

Other. Other revenues include fees from telecommunications line charges to broker-dealer clients, initial set-up fees and other miscellaneous revenues.

Expenses

In the normal course of business, we incur the following expenses:

Employee Compensation and Benefits. Employee compensation and benefits is our most significant expense and includes employee salaries, stock compensation costs, other incentive compensation, employee benefits and payroll taxes.

Depreciation and Amortization. We depreciate our computer hardware and related software, office hardware and furniture and fixtures and amortize our capitalized software development costs on a straight-line basis over three to seven years. We amortize leasehold improvements on a straight-line basis over the lesser of the life of the improvement or the remaining term of the lease. Intangible assets with definite lives, including purchased technologies, customer relationships and other intangible assets, are amortized over their estimated useful lives, ranging from five to ten years. Intangible assets are assessed for impairment when events or circumstances indicate a possible impairment.

Technology and Communications. Technology and communications expense consists primarily of costs relating to maintenance on software and hardware, our internal network connections, data center hosting costs and data feeds provided by outside vendors or service providers. The majority of our broker-dealer clients have dedicated high-speed communication lines to our network in order to provide fast data transfer. We charge our broker-dealer clients a monthly fee for these connections, which is recovered against the relevant expenses we incur.

Professional and Consulting Fees. Professional and consulting fees consist primarily of accounting fees, legal fees and fees paid to information technology and non-information technology consultants for services provided for the maintenance of our trading platform and information services products.

Occupancy. Occupancy costs consist primarily of office and equipment rent, utilities and commercial rent tax.

Marketing and Advertising. Marketing and advertising expense consists primarily of print and other advertising expenses we incur to promote our products and services. This expense also includes costs associated with attending or exhibiting at industry-sponsored seminars, conferences and conventions, and travel and entertainment expenses incurred by our sales force to promote our trading platform and information services.

General and Administrative. General and administrative expense consists primarily of general travel and entertainment, board of directors’ expenses, charitable contributions, provision for doubtful accounts, and various state franchise and U.K. value-added taxes.

Expenses may grow in the future, primarily due to investment in new products, notably in employee compensation and benefits, professional and consulting fees, and general and administrative expense. However, we believe that operating leverage can be achieved by increasing volumes in existing products and adding new products without substantial additions to our infrastructure.

Critical Accounting Estimates

This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations discusses our Consolidated Financial Statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, also referred to as U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the reporting periods. We base our estimates and judgments on historical experience and on various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates under varying assumptions or conditions. Note 2 of the Notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements includes a summary of the significant accounting policies and methods used in the preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements. Other than the adoption of new authoritative guidance on revenue recognition for arrangements with multiple deliverables, there were no significant changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates during the nine months ended September 30, 2011, as compared to those we disclosed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010. The adoption of the new revenue recognition guidance effective January 1, 2011 did not have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

Segment Results

As an electronic, multi-dealer platform for trading fixed-income securities, our operations constitute a single business segment. Because of the highly integrated nature of the financial markets in which we compete and the integration of our worldwide business activities, we believe that results by geographic region, products or types of clients are not necessarily meaningful in understanding our business.

Results of Operations

Three Months Ended September 30, 2011 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2010

Overview

Total revenues increased by $9.2 million or 24.5% to $46.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2011, from $37.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2010. This increase in total revenues was primarily due to an increase in commissions of $8.7 million.

Total expenses increased by $0.4 million or 1.6% to $24.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2011, from $23.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2010. This increase was primarily due to higher marketing and advertising costs of $0.6 million and depreciation and amortization of $0.2 million, offset by lower employee compensation and benefits of $0.6 million.

Income before taxes increased by $8.8 million or 64.9% to $22.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2011, from $13.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2010. Net income increased by $4.8 million or 56.1% to $13.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2011, from $8.6 million for three months ended September 30, 2010.

Revenues

Our revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, and the resulting dollar and percentage changes, were as follows:

		Three Months Ended September 30,
		2011								2010
						% of								% of				$				%
		$				Revenues				$				Revenues				Change				Change
		($ in thousands)
Commissions		$	39,822				85.5	%		$	31,152				83.3	%		$	8,670				27.8	%
Technology products and services			3,779				8.1				3,455				9.2				324				9.4
Information and user access fees			1,831				3.9				1,603				4.3				228				14.2
Investment income			303				0.7				301				0.8				2				0.7
Other			829				1.8				902				2.4				(73	)			(8.1	)
Total revenues		$	46,564				100.0	%		$	37,413				100.0	%		$	9,151				24.5	%

Commissions. Our commission revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, and the resulting dollar and percentage changes, were as follows:

		Three Months Ended September 30,
										$				%
		2011				2010				Change				Change
		($ in thousands)
Distribution fees
U.S. high-grade		$	12,529			$	9,178			$	3,351				36.5	%
Eurobond			3,624				3,077				547				17.8
Total distribution fees			16,153				12,255				3,898				31.8
Variable transaction fees
U.S. high-grade			15,488				12,359				3,129				25.3
Eurobond			819				998				(179	)			(17.9	)
Other			7,362				5,540				1,822				32.9
Total variable transaction fees			23,669				18,897				4,772				25.3
Total commissions		$	39,822			$	31,152			$	8,670				27.8	%