UNITED
STATES
SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington,
DC 20549
FORM
10-Q
[X]
|
QUARTERLY
REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934
|
For
the quarterly period ended September 30, 2008
Commission
file number: 1-11416
CONSUMER
PORTFOLIO SERVICES, INC.
(Exact
name of registrant as specified in its charter)
California
|
33-0459135
|
(State
or other jurisdiction of
|
(IRS
Employer
|
incorporation
or organization)
|
Identification
No.)
|
|
|
16355
Laguna Canyon Road, Irvine, California
|
92618
|
(Address
of principal executive offices)
|
(Zip
Code)
|
Registrant’s
telephone number, Including Area Code: (949) 753-6800
Former
name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report:
N/A
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant (1) filed all reports required to be filed
by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required
to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for
the past 90 days. Yes [X] No
[ ]
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an
accelerated filer a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See
definition of “accelerated filer”, “large accelerated filer” and “smaller
reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large
Accelerated Filer [ ] Accelerated Filer
[ X ]
Non-Accelerated
Filer [ ] Smaller Reporting Company
[ ]
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule
12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes
[ ] No [X]
As of
October 31, 2008 the registrant had 19,462,429 common shares
outstanding.
CONSUMER PORTFOLIO SERVICES, INC. AND
SUBSIDIARIES
INDEX TO
FORM 10-Q
For the Quarterly Period Ended
September 30, 2008
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Page
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PART
I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
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PART
II. OTHER INFORMATION
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CONSUMER
PORTFOLIO SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(In
thousands, except share and per share data)
|
|
September
30,
|
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December
31,
|
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|
2008
|
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|
2007
|
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ASSETS
|
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|
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
|
$ |
23,230 |
|
|
$ |
20,880 |
|
Restricted
cash and equivalents
|
|
|
167,774 |
|
|
|
170,341 |
|
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|
|
|
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|
|
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Finance
receivables
|
|
|
1,573,219 |
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2,068,004 |
|
Less:
Allowance for finance credit losses
|
|
|
(66,919 |
) |
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(100,138 |
) |
Finance
receivables, net
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1,506,300 |
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1,967,866 |
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Furniture
and equipment, net
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1,284 |
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1,500 |
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Deferred
financing costs, net
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11,123 |
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15,482 |
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Deferred
tax assets, net
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53,867 |
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58,835 |
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Accrued
interest receivable
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|
16,842 |
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24,099 |
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Other
assets
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37,838 |
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23,810 |
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$ |
1,818,258 |
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$ |
2,282,813 |
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LIABILITIES
AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
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Liabilities
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Accounts
payable and accrued expenses
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$ |
15,921 |
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$ |
18,391 |
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Warehouse
lines of credit
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8,692 |
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235,925 |
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Income
taxes payable
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8,847 |
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17,706 |
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Residual
interest financing
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68,250 |
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70,000 |
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Securitization
trust debt
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|
1,550,717 |
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1,798,302 |
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Senior
secured debt, related party
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19,813 |
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- |
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Subordinated
renewable notes
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28,182 |
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28,134 |
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1,700,422 |
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2,168,458 |
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COMMITMENTS
AND CONTINGENCIES
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Shareholders'
Equity
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Preferred
stock, $1 par value;
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authorized
5,000,000 shares; none issued
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- |
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- |
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Series
A preferred stock, $1 par value;
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authorized
5,000,000 shares; none issued
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- |
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- |
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Common
stock, no par value; authorized
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30,000,000
shares; 19,575,744 and 19,525,042
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shares
issued and outstanding at September 30, 2008 and
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December
31, 2007, respectively
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54,743 |
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55,216 |
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Additional
paid in capital, warrants
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7,471 |
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|
794 |
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Retained
earnings
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58,071 |
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60,794 |
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Accumulated
other comprehensive loss
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(2,449 |
) |
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(2,449 |
) |
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117,836 |
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114,355 |
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$ |
1,818,258 |
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$ |
2,282,813 |
|
See
accompanying Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial
Statements.
CONSUMER
PORTFOLIO SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In
thousands, except per share data)
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Three
Months Ended
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Nine
Months Ended
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September
30,
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September
30,
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2008
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2007
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2008
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2007
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Revenues:
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Interest
income
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$ |
87,706 |
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$ |
97,423 |
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$ |
281,924 |
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$ |
267,361 |
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Servicing
fees
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|
235 |
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274 |
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944 |
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668 |
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Other
income
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3,775 |
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5,058 |
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10,930 |
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17,020 |
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91,716 |
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102,755 |
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293,798 |
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285,049 |
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Expenses:
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Employee
costs
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12,455 |
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11,566 |
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38,824 |
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33,704 |
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General
and administrative
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7,497 |
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6,335 |
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22,417 |
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18,386 |
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Interest
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39,744 |
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36,317 |
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119,733 |
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97,954 |
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Interest,
related party
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1,219 |
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65 |
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1,219 |
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1,646 |
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Provision
for credit losses
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25,961 |
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36,300 |
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91,764 |
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98,458 |
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Loss
on sale of receivables
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|
13,963 |
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- |
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13,963 |
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|
- |
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Marketing
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2,417 |
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4,755 |
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8,658 |
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13,681 |
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Occupancy
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|
972 |
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|
949 |
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|
3,011 |
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|
2,815 |
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Depreciation
and amortization
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|
126 |
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128 |
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|
364 |
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|
418 |
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104,354 |
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96,415 |
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299,953 |
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267,062 |
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Income
(loss) before income tax expense (benefit)
|
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(12,638 |
) |
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6,340 |
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|
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(6,155 |
) |
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|
17,987 |
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Income
tax expense (benefit)
|
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(6,312 |
) |
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|
2,663 |
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(3,432 |
) |
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7,591 |
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Net
income (loss)
|
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$ |
(6,326 |
) |
|
$ |
3,677 |
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$ |
(2,723 |
) |
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$ |
10,396 |
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Earnings
(loss) per share:
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Basic
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$ |
(0.32 |
) |
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$ |
0.18 |
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$ |
(0.14 |
) |
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$ |
0.49 |
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Diluted
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(0.32 |
) |
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|
0.16 |
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(0.14 |
) |
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0.45 |
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Number
of shares used in computing
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earnings
(loss) per share:
|
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Basic
|
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19,693 |
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20,779 |
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19,275 |
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21,279 |
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Diluted
|
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|
19,693 |
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|
22,438 |
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|
19,275 |
|
|
|
23,184 |
|
See
accompanying Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial
Statements.
CONSUMER
PORTFOLIO SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In
thousands, except per share data)
|
|
Nine
Months Ended
|
|
|
|
September
30,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
Cash
flows from operating activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
income (loss)
|
|
$ |
(2,723) |
|
|
$ |
10,396 |
|
Adjustments
to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
provided
by operating activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gain
on residual asset
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(4,820) |
|
Amortization
of deferred acquisition fees
|
|
|
(12,583) |
|
|
|
(10,662) |
|
Amortization
of discount on Class B Notes
|
|
|
10,117 |
|
|
|
3,337 |
|
Depreciation
and amortization
|
|
|
364 |
|
|
|
418 |
|
Amortization
of deferred financing costs
|
|
|
8,367 |
|
|
|
6,670 |
|
Provision
for credit losses
|
|
|
91,764 |
|
|
|
98,459 |
|
Stock-based
compensation expense
|
|
|
953 |
|
|
|
786 |
|
Interest
income on residual assets
|
|
|
(493) |
|
|
|
(2,210) |
|
Loss
on sale of receivables
|
|
|
13,963 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Change
in market value of warrants
|
|
|
555 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Changes
in assets and liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accrued
interest receivable
|
|
|
7,257 |
|
|
|
(5,363) |
|
Other
assets
|
|
|
(2,541) |
|
|
|
(1,380) |
|
Tax
assets
|
|
|
4,968 |
|
|
|
(1,242) |
|
Accounts
payable and accrued expenses
|
|
|
(2,471) |
|
|
|
2,138 |
|
Tax
liabilities
|
|
|
(8,860) |
|
|
|
1,390 |
|
Net
cash provided by operating activities
|
|
|
108,637 |
|
|
|
97,917 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
flows from investing activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchases
of finance receivables held for investment
|
|
|
(289,760) |
|
|
|
(1,016,547) |
|
Proceeds
received on finance receivables held for investment
|
|
|
487,396 |
|
|
|
432,732 |
|
Proceeds
received on sale of receivables
|
|
|
159,855 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Increases
in restricted cash and equivalents
|
|
|
2,567 |
|
|
|
(45,784) |
|
Purchase
of furniture and equipment
|
|
|
(147) |
|
|
|
(692) |
|
Net
cash provided by (used in) investing activities
|
|
|
359,911 |
|
|
|
(630,291) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
flows from financing activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds
from issuance of securitization trust debt
|
|
|
285,389 |
|
|
|
1,035,864 |
|
Proceeds
from issuance of retail notes payable
|
|
|
3,808 |
|
|
|
10,927 |
|
Proceeds
from issuance of senior secured debt, related party
|
|
|
25,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Payments
on retail notes payable
|
|
|
(3,759 |
) |
|
|
(2,436) |
|
Net
proceeds from (repayments to) warehouse lines of credit
|
|
|
(227,232 |
) |
|
|
6,235 |
|
Proceeds
from residual interest financing debt
|
|
|
2,321 |
|
|
|
28,622 |
|
Repayment
of securitization trust debt
|
|
|
(543,091 |
) |
|
|
(498,174) |
|
Repayment
of senior secured debt, related party
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(25,000)
|
|
Payment
of financing costs
|
|
|
(5,408 |
) |
|
|
(11,877) |
|
Repurchase
of common stock
|
|
|
(3,370 |
) |
|
|
(10,407) |
|
Tax
benefit from exercise of stock options
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
238 |
|
Exercise
of options and warrants
|
|
|
144 |
|
|
|
1,074 |
|
Net
cash provided by (used in) financing activities
|
|
|
(466,198 |
) |
|
|
535,066 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Increase
in cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
2,350 |
|
|
|
2,692 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
and cash equivalents at beginning of period
|
|
|
20,880 |
|
|
|
14,215 |
|
Cash
and cash equivalents at end of period
|
|
$ |
23,230 |
|
|
$ |
16,907 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supplemental
disclosure of cash flow information:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
paid during the period for:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest
|
|
$ |
98,997 |
|
|
$ |
87,462 |
|
Income
taxes
|
|
$ |
460 |
|
|
$ |
7,205 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non
cash financing activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common
stock issued in connection with new senior secured debt, related
party
|
|
$ |
1,801 |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
Warrants
issued in connection with residual financing and senior secured
debt
|
|
$ |
6,122 |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
Non
cash investing and operating activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Residual
interest in structured sale of receivables
|
|
$ |
2,452 |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
Notes
received upon structured sale of receivables
|
|
$ |
8,542 |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
See
accompanying Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial
Statements.
CONSUMER
PORTFOLIO SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(1)
Summary of Significant
Accounting Policies
Description
of Business
We were
formed in California on March 8, 1991. We specialize in purchasing and servicing
retail automobile installment sale contracts (“automobile contracts” or “finance
receivables”) originated by licensed motor vehicle dealers located throughout
the United States (“dealers”) in the sale of new and used automobiles, light
trucks and passenger vans. Through our purchases, we provide indirect financing
to dealer customers for borrowers with limited credit histories, low incomes or
past credit problems (“sub-prime customers”). We serve as an alternative source
of financing for dealers, allowing sales to customers who otherwise might not be
able to obtain financing. In addition to purchasing installment purchase
contracts directly from dealers, we have also (i) acquired installment purchase
contracts in three merger and acquisition transactions, (ii) purchased
immaterial amounts of vehicle purchase money loans from non-affiliated lenders,
and (iii) lent money directly to consumers for an immaterial amount of vehicle
purchase money loans. In this report, we refer to all of such
contracts and loans as "automobile contracts."
Basis
of Presentation
Our
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in
conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of
America, with the instructions to Form 10-Q and with Article 10 of Regulation
S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission, and include all adjustments that
are, in our opinion, necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the
interim period presented. All such adjustments are, in the opinion of
management, of a normal recurring nature except for adjustments associated with
the sale in September 2008 of $198.7 million of our receivables and the
mark-to-market adjustments of warrants issued in June and July
2008. In addition, certain items in prior period financial statements
may have been reclassified for comparability to current period presentation.
Results for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2008 are not necessarily
indicative of the operating results to be expected for the full
year.
Certain
information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements
prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the
United States of America have been condensed or omitted from these Unaudited
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. These Unaudited Condensed
Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the
Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
2007.
Other
Income
Other
income consists primarily of gains recognized on our residual interest in
securitizations, recoveries on previously charged off CPS and MFN contracts,
convenience fees charged to obligors for certain types of payment transaction
methods and fees paid to us by dealers for certain direct mail services we
provide. The gain recognized related to the residual interest was
$178,000 and $4.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007,
respectively. The recoveries on the charged-off CPS and MFN contracts were $1.7
million and $2.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007,
respectively. The convenience fees charged to obligors, which can be expected to
increase or decrease in conjunction with increases or decreases in our managed
portfolio, were $4.3 million and $2.2 million for the same periods,
respectively. The direct mail revenues were $4.2 million and $3.9 million for
the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. In addition,
other income for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 included $1.7 million
in proceeds from the sale of previously charged-off receivables to independent
third parties. There were no similar sales of charged-off receivables in
2008.
CONSUMER
PORTFOLIO SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Stock-based
Compensation
We
recognize compensation costs in the financial statements for all share-based
payments granted subsequent to January 1, 2006 based on the grant date fair
value estimated in accordance with the provisions of Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards No. 123(R), “Share-Based Payment, revised 2004” (“SFAS
123R”).
For the
nine months ended September 30, 2008, we recorded stock-based compensation costs
in the amount of $953,000. As of September 30, 2008, unrecognized
stock-based compensation costs to be recognized over future periods equaled $4
million. This amount will be recognized as expense over a weighted-average
period of 3.5 years.
The
following represents stock option activity for the nine months ended September
30, 2008:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted
|
|
Number
of
|
|
Weighted
|
|
Average
|
|
Shares
|
|
Average
|
|
Remaining
|
|
(in
thousands)
|
|
Exercise
Price
|
|
Contractual
Term
|
Options
outstanding at the beginning of period
|
6,196
|
|
$
|
4.47
|
|
N/A
|
Granted
|
565
|
|
|
3.18
|
|
N/A
|
Exercised
|
(70)
|
|
|
1.52
|
|
N/A
|
Forefeited
|
(212)
|
|
|
5.08
|
|
N/A
|
Options
outstanding at the end of period
|
6,479
|
|
$
|
4.37
|
|
6.41
years
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Options
exercisable at the end of period
|
4,515
|
|
$
|
3.89
|
|
5.76
years
|
At
September 30, 2008, the aggregate intrinsic value of in-the-money options
outstanding and exercisable was $825,000. The total intrinsic value of options
exercised was $50,000 and $973,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2008
and 2007, respectively. New shares were issued for all options exercised during
the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007. At our annual meeting
of shareholders held on June 4, 2008, the shareholders approved an amendment to
our 2006 Long-Term Equity Incentive Plan that increased the number of shares
issuable from 3,000,000 to 5,000,000. There were 2,302,500 shares
available for future stock option grants under existing plans as of September
30, 2008.
We use
the Black-Scholes option valuation model to estimate the fair value of each
option on the date of grant, using the assumptions noted in the following table.
The expected term of options granted is computed as the mid-point between the
vesting date and the end of the contractual term. The risk-free rate is based on
U.S. Treasury instruments in effect at the time of grant whose terms are
consistent with the expected term of our stock options. Expected volatility is
based on historical volatility of our stock. The dividend yield is based on
historical experience and the lack of any expected future changes.
|
|
Nine
Months Ended
|
|
|
|
September
30,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
Risk-free
interest rate
|
|
|
3.22 |
% |
Expected
term, in years
|
|
|
6.0 |
|
Expected
volatility
|
|
|
48.92 |
% |
Dividend
yield
|
|
|
0 |
%
|
Purchases
of Company Stock
During
the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, we purchased 1,244,098
and 2,002,856 shares, respectively, of our common stock, at average prices of
$2.71 and $5.20, respectively.
CONSUMER
PORTFOLIO SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
New
Accounting Pronouncements
In
September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, "Fair Value Measurements"
("SFAS No. 157"). SFAS No. 157 clarifies the principle that fair
value should be based on the assumptions market participants would use when
pricing an asset or liability and establishes a fair value hierarchy that
prioritizes the information used to develop those assumptions. Under the
standard, fair value measurements would be separately disclosed by level within
the fair value hierarchy. In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position
(FSP) No. 157-2, “Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157”, to partially defer
FASB Statement No. 157 for nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities,
except those that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial
statements on a recurring basis. SFAS 157 is effective for us on January 1,
2008, except for nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities that are not
recognized or disclosed at fair value on a recurring basis for which our
effective date is January 1, 2009. The adoption of this statement did not have a
material effect on our financial position or results of operations.
SFAS
No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for
measuring fair value, establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for
disclosure of fair value measurement and enhances disclosure requirements for
fair value measurements.. The three levels are defined as follows: Level 1 -
inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical
assets or liabilities in active markets. Level 2 – inputs to the valuation
methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active
markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either
directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial
instrument.and Level 3 – inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable
and significant to the fair value measurement.
During
the third quarter we completed a structured loan sale which resulted in us
retaining certain assets that are measured at fair value. Following
is a description of the valuation methodologies used for the securities retained
and the residual interest in the cash flows of the transaction as well as the
general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy:
The securities retained which total $8.5 million are classified as level 2 since
there were similar assets sold in the transaction which were used to value the
securities retained. The residual interest in the cash
flows total $2.5 million and are classified as level 3 and were determined using
a discounted cash flow model that included estimates for prepayments and
losses. The discount rate utilized was 33%. The assumptions utilized
were based on the company’s past historical performance adjusted for current
market conditions.
Recent
Developments
Uncertainty
of Capital Markets
We are
dependent on the continued availability of warehouse credit facilities and
access to long-term financing through the issuance of asset-backed securities
collateralized by our automobile contracts. Since 1994, we have completed 48
term securitizations of approximately $6.4 billion in contracts. We conducted
four term securitizations in 2006, four in 2007, and one in 2008. However, since
the fourth quarter of 2007, we have observed unprecedented adverse changes in
the market for securitized pools of automobile contracts. These changes include
reduced liquidity, and reduced demand for asset-backed securities, including for
securities carrying a financial guaranty and for securities backed by sub-prime
automobile receivables. Moreover, many of the firms that previously provided
financial guarantees, which were an integral part of our securitizations, are no
longer offering such guarantees. We believe that these adverse
changes in the capital markets are primarily the result of widespread defaults
of sub-prime mortgages securing a variety of term securitizations and related
financial instruments, including instruments carrying financial guarantees
similar to those we typically obtain for our own term
securitizations.
The terms
of our most recent securitization, completed in April 2008, required
substantially greater credit enhancement than recent past securitizations,
including a larger spread account and a greater portion of subordinated
bonds. Greater credit enhancement requirements reduce the amount of
cash available to us, both
CONSUMER
PORTFOLIO SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
at
inception of the securitization and over the life of the transaction. Moreover,
the April 2008securitization resulted in significantly higher costs to us in the
form of higher premiums for financial guaranty insurance, higher interest rates
paid on bonds sold by the securitization trust and greater discounts given to
purchasers of such bonds, in each case as compared with securitizations that we
effected in 2006 and 2007.
In
September 2008, we sold $198.7 million of our receivables in a structured loan
sale transaction, in part because we were unable to arrange for a securitization
of those receivables. The terms of the September 2008 sale provide
for us (1) to continue servicing the sold portfolio, (2) to retain a 5.0%
interest in the bonds issued by the trust to which we sold the receivables and
(3) to earn additional compensation contingent upon (a) the return to the
holders of the senior bonds issued by the trust reaching certain targets or (b)
“lifetime” cumulative net charge-offs on the receivables being below a
pre-determined level. We recognized a loss on the sale of $14.0
million. The proceeds from the sale were used to substantially reduce
the amounts outstanding under our warehouse credit facilities and other general
corporate purposes.
The
adverse changes that have taken place in the market have caused us to curtail
our purchases of automobile contracts in order to conserve our capital and to
extend the time before we would exhaust our warehousing financing capacity. If
the current adverse circumstances that have affected the capital markets should
worsen, and we therefore continue to be precluded from completing future
securitizations of our receivables, we may nevertheless exhaust the capacity of
our warehouse credit facilities, which would cause us to curtail further or to
cease our purchases of new automobile contracts. Further adverse changes in the
capital markets might result in our inability to renew or replace one or more of
our warehouse facilities or obtain permanent financing to hold automobile
contracts, which could lead to a material adverse effect on our
operations.
Although
we believe that our reductions in contract purchases will allow us to continue
operations, such reductions have resulted in a decrease in the size of our
portfolio of automobile contracts. A continuing decrease in portfolio
size could have a material adverse effect on our cash flows and results of
operations. However, continuing cashflows otherwise available to us would be
sufficient to meet our remaining operating needs in the near term.
(2)
Finance
Receivables
The
following table presents the components of Finance Receivables, net of unearned
interest and deferred acquisition fees and originations costs:
|
September
30,
|
|
|
December
31,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
Finance
Receivables
|
(In
thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Automobile
finance receivables, net of unearned interest
|
$ |
|
1,588,305 |
|
|
$ |
2,091,892 |
|
Less:
Unearned acquisition fees and originations costs
|
|
|
(15,086) |
|
|
|
(23,888) |
|
Finance
Receivables
|
$ |
|
1,573,219 |
|
|
$ |
2,068,004 |
|
The following table presents a summary of the activity for the
allowance for credit losses for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2008
and 2007:
|
|
September
30,
|
|
|
September
30,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
(In
thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance
at beginning of period
|
$ |
|
100,138 |
|
|
$ |
79,380 |
|
Provision
for credit losses on finance receivables
|
|
|
85,893 |
|
|
|
98,458 |
|
Charge
offs
|
|
|
(142,702 |
) |
|
|
(96,220) |
|
Recoveries
|
|
|
23,590 |
|
|
|
18,057 |
|
Balance
at end of period
|
$ |
|
66,919 |
|
|
$ |
99,675 |
|
CONSUMER
PORTFOLIO SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
We have
excluded from finance receivables those contracts that we previously classified
as finance receivables, but which we reclassified as other assets because we
have repossessed the vehicle securing the contract. The following
table presents a summary of such repossessed inventory, together with the
adjustment for losses in repossessed inventory that is not included in the
allowance for credit losses. This adjustment results in the
repossessed inventory being valued at the estimated fair value less selling
costs.
|
September
30,
|
|
|
December
31,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
(In
thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
Gross
balance of repossessions in inventory
|
$ |
|
45,293 |
|
|
$ |
33,380 |
|
Adjustment
for losses on repossessed inventory
|
|
|
(30,623 |
) |
|
|
(21,850 |
) |
Net
repossessed inventory included in other assets
|
$ |
|
14,670 |
|
|
$ |
11,530 |
|
(3)
Securitization Trust
Debt
We have
completed a number of securitization transactions that are structured as secured
borrowings for financial accounting purposes. The debt issued in these
transactions is shown on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as
“Securitization trust debt,” and the components of such debt are summarized in
the following table:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average
|
|
|
Final
|
|
Receivables
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding
|
|
|
Outstanding
|
|
|
Contractual
|
|
|
Scheduled
|
|
Pledged
at
|
|
|
|
|
|
Principal
at
|
|
|
Principal
at
|
|
|
Interest
Rate at
|
|
|
Payment
|
|
September
30,
|
|
|
Initial
|
|
|
September
30,
|
|
|
December
31,
|
|
|
September
30,
|
|
Series
|
Date
(1)
|
|
2008
|
|
|
Principal
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2008
|
|
(Dollars
in thousands)
|
|
CPS
2003-C
|
March
2010
|
|
$ |
1,622 |
|
|
$ |
87,500 |
|
|
$ |
1,761 |
|
|
$ |
5,683 |
|
|
|
3.57 |
% |
CPS
2003-D
|
October
2010
|
|
|
2,575 |
|
|
|
75,000 |
|
|
|
2,673 |
|
|
|
6,695 |
|
|
|
3.91 |
% |
CPS
2004-A
|
October
2010
|
|
|
4,336 |
|
|
|
82,094 |
|
|
|
4,571 |
|
|
|
9,849 |
|
|
|
4.32 |
% |
CPS
2004-B
|
February
2011
|
|
|
7,712 |
|
|
|
96,369 |
|
|
|
7,934 |
|
|
|
14,937 |
|
|
|
4.17 |
% |
CPS
2004-C
|
April
2011
|
|
|
10,027 |
|
|
|
100,000 |
|
|
|
10,281 |
|
|
|
18,763 |
|
|
|
4.24 |
% |
CPS
2004-D
|
December
2011
|
|
|
15,007 |
|
|
|
120,000 |
|
|
|
15,069 |
|
|
|
25,994 |
|
|
|
4.44 |
% |
CPS
2005-A
|
October
2011
|
|
|
22,132 |
|
|
|
137,500 |
|
|
|
20,920 |
|
|
|
34,154 |
|
|
|
5.30 |
% |
CPS
2005-B
|
February
2012
|
|
|
27,283 |
|
|
|
130,625 |
|
|
|
25,698 |
|
|
|
39,008 |
|
|
|
4.67 |
% |
CPS
2005-C
|
March
2012
|
|
|
47,258 |
|
|
|
183,300 |
|
|
|
45,215 |
|
|
|
67,834 |
|
|
|
5.13 |
% |
CPS
2005-TFC
|
July
2012
|
|
|
15,121 |
|
|
|
72,525 |
|
|
|
14,754 |
|
|
|
24,654 |
|
|
|
5.76 |
% |
CPS
2005-D
|
July
2012
|
|
|
42,159 |
|
|
|
145,000 |
|
|
|
41,450 |
|
|
|
61,857 |
|
|
|
5.69 |
% |
CPS
2006-A
|
November
2012
|
|
|
84,169 |
|
|
|
245,000 |
|
|
|
83,099 |
|
|
|
120,667 |
|
|
|
5.33 |
% |
CPS
2006-B
|
January
2013
|
|
|
104,975 |
|
|
|
257,500 |
|
|
|
102,621 |
|
|
|
144,941 |
|
|
|
6.31 |
% |
CPS
2006-C
|
June
2013
|
|
|
114,961 |
|
|
|
247,500 |
|
|
|
113,327 |
|
|
|
159,308 |
|
|
|
5.60 |
% |
CPS
2006-D
|
August
2013
|
|
|
119,331 |
|
|
|
220,000 |
|
|
|
116,558 |
|
|
|
159,384 |
|
|
|
5.55 |
% |
CPS
2007-A
|
November
2013
|
|
|
179,959 |
|
|
|
290,000 |
|
|
|
175,320 |
|
|
|
233,092 |
|
|
|
5.54 |
% |
CPS
2007-TFC
|
December
2013
|
|
|
58,490 |
|
|
|
113,293 |
|
|
|
57,479 |
|
|
|
84,685 |
|
|
|
5.77 |
% |
CPS
2007-B
|
January
2014
|
|
|
218,556 |
|
|
|
314,999 |
|
|
|
213,523 |
|
|
|
277,878 |
|
|
|
5.98 |
% |
CPS
2007-C
|
May
2014
|
|
|
253,244 |
|
|
|
327,498 |
|
|
|
247,838 |
|
|
|
308,919 |
|
|
|
6.03 |
% |
CPS
2008-A
|
October
1, 2014
|
|
|
274,584 |
|
|
|
310,359 |
|
|
|
250,626 |
|
|
|
n/a |
|
|
|
6.70 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
1,603,501 |
|
|
$ |
3,556,062 |
|
|
$ |
1,550,717 |
|
|
$ |
1,798,302 |
|
|
|
|
|
_________________
(1)
|
The
Final Scheduled Payment Date represents final legal maturity of the
securitization trust debt. Securitization trust debt is expected to become
due and to be paid prior to those dates, based on amortization of the
finance receivables pledged to the Trusts. Expected payments, which will
depend on the performance of such receivables, as to which there can be no
assurance, are $172.7 million in 2008, $640.3 million in 2009, $409.3
million in 2010, $228.4 million in 2011, $87.0 million in 2012 and $13.0
million in 2013.
|
CONSUMER
PORTFOLIO SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
All of
the securitization trust debt was sold in private placement transactions to
qualified institutional buyers. The debt was issued through our wholly-owned
bankruptcy remote subsidiaries and is secured by the assets of such
subsidiaries, but not by our other assets. Principal of $1.5 billion, and the
related interest payments, are guaranteed by financial guaranty insurance
policies issued by third party financial institutions.
The terms
of the various securitization agreements related to the issuance of the
securitization trust debt and the warehouse credit facilities require that we
meet certain delinquency and credit loss criteria with respect to the collateral
pool, and require that we maintain minimum levels of liquidity and net worth and
not exceed maximum leverage levels and maximum financial losses. In
addition, certain securitization and non-securitization related debt contain
cross-default provisions, which would allow certain creditors to declare a
default
if a default were declared under a different facility. As of
September 30, 2008, we were in compliance with all such financial
covenants.
We are
responsible for the administration and collection of the automobile contracts.
The securitization agreements also require certain funds be held in restricted
cash accounts to provide additional collateral for the borrowings or to be
applied to make payments on the securitization trust debt. As of September 30,
2008, restricted cash under the various agreements totaled approximately $167.8
million. Interest expense on the securitization trust debt consists of the
stated rate of interest plus amortization of additional costs of borrowing.
Additional costs of borrowing include facility fees, insurance and amortization
of deferred financing costs and discounts on notes sold. Deferred financing
costs and discounts on notes sold related to the securitization trust debt are
amortized using a level yield method. Accordingly, the effective cost of the
securitization trust debt is greater than the contractual rate of interest
disclosed above.
Our
wholly-owned bankruptcy remote subsidiaries were formed to facilitate the above
asset-backed financing transactions. Similar bankruptcy remote subsidiaries
issue the debt outstanding under our warehouse lines of credit. Bankruptcy
remote refers to a legal structure in which it is expected that the applicable
entity would not be included in any bankruptcy filing by its parent or
affiliates. All of the assets of these subsidiaries have been pledged as
collateral for the related debt. All such transactions, treated as secured
financings for accounting and tax purposes, are treated as sales for all other
purposes, including legal and bankruptcy purposes. None of the assets of these
subsidiaries are available to pay other creditors of ours.
(4)
Interest
Income
The
following table presents the components of interest income:
|
|
Three
Months Ended
|
|
|
Nine
Months Ended
|
|
|
|
September
30,
|
|
|
September
30,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
(In
thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest
on Finance Receivables
|
|
$ |
86,628 |
|
|
$ |
94,665 |
|
|
$ |
278,102 |
|
|
$ |
258,433 |
|
Residual
interest income
|
|
|
134 |
|
|
|
524 |
|
|
|
493 |
|
|
|
2,210 |
|
Other
interest income
|
|
|
944 |
|
|
|
2,234 |
|
|
|
3,329 |
|
|
|
6,718 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
interest income
|
|
$ |
87,706 |
|
|
$ |
97,423 |
|
|
$ |
281,924 |
|
|
$ |
267,361 |
|
(5)
Earnings (Loss) Per
Share
Earnings
(loss) per share for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007
were calculated using the weighted average number of shares outstanding for the
related period. The following table reconciles
CONSUMER
PORTFOLIO SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
the
number of shares used in the computations of basic and diluted earnings (loss)
per share for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2008
and 2007:
|
|
Three
Months Ended
|
|
|
Nine
Months Ended
|
|
|
|
September
30,
|
|
|
September
30,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
(In
thousands)
|
|
|
(In
thousands)
|
|
Weighted
average number of common shares outstanding during
|
|
|
19,693 |
|
|
|
20,779 |
|
|
|
19,275 |
|
|
|
21,279 |
|
the
period used to compute basic earnings (loss) per share
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Incremental
common shares attributable to exercise of
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
1,659 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
1,905 |
|
outstanding
options and warrants
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
21,528 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted
average number of common shares used to compute
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
diluted
earnings (loss) per share
|
|
|
19,693 |
|
|
|
22,438 |
|
|
|
19,275 |
|
|
|
23,184 |
|
If the
anti-dilutive effects of common stock equivalents were considered, shares
included in the diluted earnings (loss) per share calculation for the
three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2008 would have included
an additional 1.6 million and 949,000 shares, respectively, attributable to the
exercise of outstanding options and warrants.
(6) Income Taxes
In July
2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in
Income Taxes – an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109” (“FIN 48”), which
clarifies the accounting and disclosure for uncertainty in tax positions, as
defined. FIN 48 seeks to reduce the diversity in practice associated with
certain aspects of the recognition and measurement related to accounting for
income taxes. We have been subject to the provisions of FIN 48 since
January 1, 2007, and have analyzed our filing positions in all applicable taxing
jurisdictions. As a result of adoption, we recognized a charge of approximately
$1.1 million to the January 1, 2007 retained earnings balance. As of the date of
adoption and after the effect of recognizing the increase in liability noted
above, our gross unrecognized tax benefits totaled $11.6 million. Included in
the balance at January 1, 2007, are $1.3 million of unrecognized tax benefits,
the disallowance of which would not affect the annual effective income tax
rate.
We file
numerous consolidated and separate income tax returns with the United States and
with many states. With few exceptions, we are no longer subject to United States
federal income tax examinations for years before 2005 and are no longer subject
to state and local income tax examinations by tax authorities for years before
2003.
We have
subsidiaries in various states that are currently under audit for years ranging
from 1998 through 2005. To date, no material adjustments have been proposed as a
result of these audits.
We
recognize potential interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits
in income tax expense. In conjunction with the adoption of FIN 48 on January 1,
2007, we recognized approximately $230,000 for interest and penalties, which is
included as a component of the $11.6 million gross unrecognized tax benefits
noted above. During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, we recognized $1.3
million of potential interest and penalties, net of a reversal of interest and
penalties previously accrued relating to periods no longer subject to
examination by taxing authorities. To the extent interest and penalties are not
assessed with respect to uncertain tax positions, amounts accrued will be
reduced and reflected as a reduction of the overall income tax
provision.
We do not
anticipate that total unrecognized tax benefits will significantly change due to
the settlement of audits and the expiration of statute of limitations prior to
September 30, 2009.
CONSUMER
PORTFOLIO SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(7)
Legal
Proceedings
Stanwich Litigation. We were
for some time a defendant in a class action (the “Stanwich Case”) brought in the
California Superior Court, Los Angeles County. The original plaintiffs in that
case were persons entitled to receive regular payments (the “Settlement
Payments”) under out-of-court settlements reached with third party defendants.
Stanwich Financial Services Corp. (“Stanwich”), then an affiliate of our former
chairman of the board of directors, is the entity that was obligated to pay the
Settlement Payments. Stanwich had defaulted on its payment obligations to the
plaintiffs and in June 2001 filed for reorganization under the Bankruptcy Code,
in the federal Bankruptcy Court of Connecticut. By February 2005, we
had settled all claims brought against us in the Stanwich Case.
In
November 2001, one of the defendants in the Stanwich Case, Jonathan Pardee,
asserted claims for indemnity against us in a separate action, which is now
pending in federal district court in Rhode Island. We have filed counterclaims
in the Rhode Island federal court against Mr. Pardee, and have filed a separate
action against Mr. Pardee's Rhode Island attorneys, in the same court. Each of
these actions in the court in Rhode Island is stayed, awaiting resolution of an
adversary action brought against Mr. Pardee in the bankruptcy court, which is
hearing the bankruptcy of Stanwich.
We have
reached an agreement in principle with the representative of creditors in the
Stanwich bankruptcy to resolve the adversary action. Under the agreement in
principle, we would pay the bankruptcy estate $625,000 and abandon our claims
against the estate, while the estate would abandon its adversary action against
Mr. Pardee. The bankruptcy court has rejected that proposed settlement, and the
representative of creditors has appealed that rejection. If the
agreement in principle were to be approved upon appeal, we would expect that the
agreement would result in (i) limitation of our exposure to Mr. Pardee to no
more than some portion of his attorneys fees incurred and (ii) the stays in
Rhode Island being lifted, causing those cases to become active again. We are
unable to predict whether the ruling of the bankruptcy court will be sustained
or reversed on appeal. There can be no assurance as to the ultimate
outcome of these matters.
The
reader should consider that any adverse judgment against us in these cases for
indemnification, in an amount materially in excess of any liability already
recorded in respect thereof, could have a material adverse effect on our
financial position.
Other
Litigation.
We are
routinely involved in various legal proceedings resulting from our consumer
finance activities and practices, both continuing and discontinued. We believe
that there are substantive legal defenses to such claims, and intend to defend
them vigorously. There can be no assurance, however, as to the
outcome.
We have
recorded a liability as of September 30, 2008 that we believe represents a
sufficient allowance for legal contingencies, including those described above.
Any adverse judgment against us, if in an amount materially in excess of the
recorded liability, could have a material adverse effect on our financial
position.
CONSUMER
PORTFOLIO SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(8)
Employee Benefits
We
sponsor the MFN Financial Corporation Benefit Plan (the “Plan”). Plan benefits
were frozen September 30, 2001. The table below sets forth the Plan’s net
periodic benefit cost for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September
30, 2008 and 2007.
|
|
Three
Months Ended
|
|
|
Nine
Months Ended
|
|
|
|
September
30,
|
|
|
September
30,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In
thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In
thousands)
|
|
Components
of net periodic cost (benefit)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Service
cost
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
Interest
cost
|
|
|
237 |
|
|
|
223 |
|
|
|
710 |
|
|
|
669 |
|
Expected
return on assets
|
|
|
(305) |
|
|
|
(327) |
|
|
|
(915) |
|
|
|
(982) |
|
Amortization
of transition (asset)/obligation
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(3) |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(8) |
|
Amortization
of net (gain) / loss
|
|
|
41 |
|
|
|
20 |
|
|
|
123 |
|
|
|
59 |
|
Net
periodic cost (benefit)
|
|
$ |
(27) |
|
|
$ |
(87) |
|
|
$ |
(82) |
|
|
$ |
(262) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
We did
not make any contributions to the Plan during the nine-month period ended
September 30, 2008 and we do not anticipate making any contributions for the
remainder of 2008.
(9)
Comprehensive Income
(Loss)
The
components of comprehensive income (loss) are as follows:
|
|
Three
Months Ended
|
|
|
Nine
Months Ended
|
|
|
|
September
30,
|
|
|
September
30,
|
|
|
|
(In
thousands)
|
|
|
(In
thousands)
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
income (loss)
|
|
$ |
(6,326 |
) |
|
|
3,677 |
|
|
$ |
(2,723 |
) |
|
$ |
10,396 |
|
Minimum
pension liability, net of tax
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Comprehensive
income (loss)
|
|
$ |
(6,326 |
) |
|
$ |
3,677 |
|
|
$ |
(2,723 |
) |
|
$ |
10,396 |
|
Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Overview
We are a
specialty finance company engaged in purchasing and servicing new and used
retail automobile contracts originated primarily by franchised automobile
dealerships and, to a lesser extent, by select independent dealers of used
automobiles in the United States. We serve as an alternative source of financing
for dealers, facilitating sales to sub-prime customers, who have limited credit
history, low income or past credit problems and who otherwise might not be able
to obtain financing from traditional sources. In addition to purchasing
installment purchase contracts directly from dealers, we have also (i) acquired
installment purchase contracts in three merger and acquisition transactions
described below, (ii) purchased immaterial amounts of vehicle purchase money
loans from non-affiliated lenders, and (iii) lent money directly to consumers
for an immaterial amount of vehicle purchase money loans. In this
report, we refer to all of such contracts and loans as "automobile
contracts." We are headquartered in Irvine, California and have three
additional strategically located servicing branches in Virginia, Florida and
Illinois.
On March
8, 2002, we acquired MFN Financial Corporation and its subsidiaries in a merger.
On May 20, 2003, we acquired TFC Enterprises, Inc. and its subsidiaries in a
second merger. Each merger was accounted for as a purchase. MFN Financial
Corporation and its subsidiaries and TFC Enterprises, Inc. and its subsidiaries
were engaged in businesses similar to ours: buying automobile contracts from
dealers and servicing those automobile contracts. MFN Financial Corporation and
its subsidiaries ceased acquiring automobile contracts in May 2002; we suspended
purchases of automobile contracts under our “TFC programs” in July
2008.
On April
2, 2004, we purchased a portfolio of automobile contracts and certain other
assets from SeaWest Financial Corporation and its subsidiaries. In addition, we
were named the successor servicer of three term securitization transactions
originally sponsored by SeaWest. We do not intend to offer financing programs
similar to those previously offered by SeaWest.
Securitization
and Warehouse Credit Facilities
Throughout
the period for which information is presented in this report, we have purchased
automobile contracts with the intention of financing them on a long-term basis
through securitizations, and on an interim basis through our warehouse credit
facilities. All such financings have involved identification of
specific automobile contracts, sale of those automobile contracts (and
associated rights) to one of our special-purpose subsidiaries, and issuance of
asset-backed securities to fund the transactions. Depending on the structure,
these transactions may properly be accounted for under generally accepted
accounting principles as sales of the automobile contracts or as secured
financings.
When
structured to be treated as a secured financing for accounting purposes, the
subsidiary is consolidated with us. Accordingly, the sold automobile contracts
and the related debt appear as assets and liabilities, respectively, on our
consolidated balance sheet. We then periodically (i) recognize interest and fee
income on the contracts, (ii) recognize interest expense on the securities
issued in the transaction and (iii) record as expense a provision for credit
losses on the contracts.
Since the
third quarter 2003 through September 2008, we have conducted 23 term
securitizations. Of these 23, 18 were quarterly securitizations of automobile
contracts that we purchased from automobile dealers under our regular programs.
In addition, in March 2004 and November 2005, we completed securitizations of
our retained interests in other securitizations that we and our affiliates
previously sponsored. The debt from the March 2004 transaction was repaid in
August 2005 and the debt from the November 2005 transaction was repaid in May
2007. In September 2004, we completed a securitization of automobile contracts
purchased in the SeaWest asset acquisition and under our TFC programs. In
December 2005 and again in May 2007 we completed securitizations that included
automobile contracts purchased under the TFC programs, automobile contracts
purchased under the CPS programs and automobile contracts we repurchased upon
termination of prior securitizations. All such securitizations since
the third quarter of 2003 have been structured as secured
financings.
Uncertainty
of Capital Markets
We are
dependent upon the continued availability of warehouse credit facilities and
access to long-term financing through the issuance of asset-backed securities
collateralized by our automobile contracts. Since 1994, we have completed 48
term securitizations of approximately $6.4 billion in contracts. We conducted
four term securitizations in 2006, four in 2007, and one in 2008. However, since
the fourth quarter of 2007, we have observed unprecedented adverse changes in
the market for securitized pools of automobile contracts. These changes include
reduced liquidity, and reduced demand for asset-backed securities, including for
securities carrying a financial guaranty and for securities backed by sub-prime
automobile receivables. Moreover, many of the firms that previously provided
financial guarantees, which were an integral part of our securitizations, are no
longer offering such guarantees. We believe that these adverse
changes in the capital markets are primarily the result of widespread defaults
of sub-prime mortgages securing a variety of term securitizations and related
financial instruments, including instruments carrying financial guarantees
similar to those we typically obtain for our own term
securitizations.
The terms
of our most recent securitization, completed in April 2008, required
substantially greater credit enhancement than recent past securitizations,
including a larger spread account and a greater portion of subordinated
bonds. Greater credit enhancement requirements reduce the amount of
cash available to us, both at inception of the securitization, and over the life
of the transaction. Moreover, the April 2008 securitization resulted in
significantly higher costs to us in the form of higher premiums for financial
guaranty insurance, higher interest rates paid on bonds sold by the
securitization trust and greater discounts given to purchasers of such bonds, in
each case as compared with securitizations that we effected in 2006 and
2007.
In
September 2008, we sold $198.7 million of our receivables in a structured loan
sale transaction, in part because we were unable to arrange for a securitization
of those receivables. The terms of the September 2008 sale provide
for us (1) to continue servicing the sold portfolio, (2) to retain a 5.0%
interest in the bonds issued by the trust to which we sold the receivables and
(3) to earn additional compensation contingent upon (a) the return to the
holders of the senior bonds issued by the trust reaching certain targets or (b)
“lifetime” cumulative net charge-offs on the receivables being below a
pre-determined level. We recognized a loss on the sale of $14.0
million.
The
adverse changes that have taken place in the market to date have caused us to
curtail our purchases of automobile contracts in order to conserve our capital
and to extend the time before we would exhaust our warehousing financing
capacity. If the current adverse circumstances that have affected the capital
markets should worsen, and we are therefore precluded from completing a future
securitization of our receivables, we may nevertheless exhaust the capacity of
our warehouse credit facilities, which would cause us to curtail further or to
cease our purchases of new automobile contracts. Further adverse changes in the
capital markets might result in our inability to renew or replace one or more of
our warehouse facilities or obtain permanent financing to hold automobile
contracts, which could lead to a material adverse effect on our
operations.
Although
we believe that reductions in contract purchases would allow us to continue
operations, such reductions have resulted in a decrease in the size of our
portfolio of automobile contracts. A continuing decrease in portfolio
size could have a material adverse effect on our cash flows and results of
operations. However, continuing cashflows otherwise available to us would be
sufficient to meet our remaining operating needs in the near term.
Results
of Operations
Comparison
of Operating Results for the three-months ended September 30, 2008 with the
three-months ended September 30, 2007
Revenues. During
the three months ended September 30, 2008, revenues were $91.7 million, a
decrease of $11.0 million, or 10.7%, from the prior year revenue of $102.8
million. The primary reason for the decrease in revenues is a decrease in
interest income. Interest income for the three months ended September 30, 2008
decreased $9.7 million, or 10%, to $87.7 million from $97.4 million in the prior
year. The primary reason for the decrease in interest income is the decrease in
finance receivables held by consolidated subsidiaries,
resulting
in an increase of $8.0 million in interest income. Interest income
from other sources decreased by $1.7 million as a result of lower interest rates
on cash investments.
Servicing
fees totaling $235,000 in the three months ended September 30, 2008 decreased
$39,000, or .3%, from $274,000 in the prior year. Servicing fees were earned
only on the Seawest Third Party portfolio which is decreasing and will soon
generate an insignificant amount of servicing fee revenue. However,
in September 2008 we sold $198.7 million in receivables to a third party
purchaser. We have been engaged to service this portfolio and expect
to earn significant servicing fees beginning in the fourth quarter of 2008,
although such servicing fees will decline as that portfolio
declines.
As of
September 30, 2008 and 2007, our managed portfolio owned by consolidated vs.
non-consolidated subsidiaries and other third parties was as
follows:
|
|
September
30, 2008
|
|
|
September
30, 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
%
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
%
|
|
Total
Managed Portfolio
|
($
in millions)
|
Owned
by Consolidated Subsidiaries
|
|
$ |
1,633.8 |
|
|
|
89.3 |
% |
|
$ |
2,052.4 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
Owned
by Non-Consolidated Subsidiaries
|
|
|
195.6 |
|
|
|
10.7 |
% |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
0.0 |
% |
Third
Party Portfolio
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
0.0 |
% |
|
|
0.7 |
|
|
|
0.0 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$ |
1,829.5 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
$ |
2,053.1 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
At
September 30, 2008, we were generating income and fees on a managed portfolio
with an outstanding principal balance of $1,829.5 million (this amount includes
$195.6 million of automobile contracts on which we earn servicing fees, own 5.0%
of the bonds issued by the related trust, and own a residual interest), compared
to a managed portfolio with an outstanding principal balance of $2,053.1 million
as of September 30, 2007. At September 30, 2008 and 2007, the managed portfolio
composition was as follows:
|
|
September
30, 2008
|
|
September
30, 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
%
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
%
|
|
Originating
Entity
|
($
in millions)
|
CPS
|
|
$ |
1,777.1 |
|
|
|
97.1 |
% |
|
$ |
1,987.7 |
|
|
|
96.8 |
% |
TFC
|
|
|
52.1 |
|
|
|
0.0 |
% |
|
|
63.1 |
|
|
|
3.1 |
% |
MFN
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
0.0 |
% |
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
0.0 |
% |
SeaWest
|
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
0.0 |
% |
|
|
1.4 |
|
|
|
0.1 |
% |
Third
Party Portfolio
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
0.0 |
% |
|
|
0.7 |
|
|
|
0.0 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$ |
1,829.5 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
$ |
2,053.1 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
Other
income decreased $1.3 million, or 25.4%, to $3.8 million in the three months
ended September 30, 2008 from $5.1 million during the prior
year. The year over year decrease is the result of a variety of
factors. In the prior year other income includes $1.2 million
resulting from an increase in the carrying value of our residual interest in
securitizations. The carrying value was increased primarily as a
result of the underlying receivables having incurred fewer losses than we had
previously estimated, which in turn resulted in actual cash flows exceeding cash
flows that were estimated in our valuation of the residual asset at March 31,
2007. We do not expect that future cash flows will significantly
exceed the estimates we are currently using for the valuation of our residual
interest. In addition, recoveries on MFN and certain other
automobile contracts decreased by $240,000 compared to the 2007 period.
Partially offsetting these declines in other income, in 2008 we experienced
increases in convenience fees charged to obligors for certain transaction types
(an increase of $795,000). The level of convenience fees we earn is
closely related to the size of our managed portfolio. Consequently,
increases or decreases in convenience fees will result from increases or
decreases in our managed portfolio.
The
adverse changes that have taken place in the market to date have caused us to
curtail our purchases of automobile contracts in order to extend the time when
our warehousing financing capacity would require us to conduct a term
securitization. As a result, our managed portfolio has decreased from
$2,126.2 million at December 31, 2007 to $1,829.5 million at September 30,
2008. If the adverse conditions continue and our managed portfolio
continues to decline, our revenues would decline proportionately.
Expenses. Our
operating expenses consist largely of provisions for credit losses, interest
expense, employee costs and general and administrative
expenses. Provisions for credit losses and interest expense are
significantly affected by the volume of automobile contracts we purchased during
a period and by the outstanding balance of finance receivables held by
consolidated subsidiaries. Employee costs and general and
administrative expenses are incurred as applications and automobile contracts
are received, processed and serviced. Factors that affect margins and net income
(loss) include changes in the automobile and automobile finance market
environments, and macroeconomic factors such as interest rates and the
unemployment level.
Employee
costs include base salaries, commissions and bonuses paid to employees, and
certain expenses related to the accounting treatment of outstanding stock
options, and are one of our most significant operating expenses. These costs
(other than those relating to stock options) generally fluctuate with the level
of applications and automobile contracts processed and serviced.
Other
operating expenses consist largely of facilities expenses, telephone and other
communication services, credit services, computer services, marketing and
advertising expenses, and depreciation and amortization.
Total
operating expenses were $104.4 million for the three months ended September 30,
2008, compared to $96.4 million for the prior year, an increase of $7.9 million,
or 8.2%. The increase is primarily due to the loss of $14.0 million resulting
from the sale of $198.7 million of our receivables to a third
party.
In
September 2008, we sold $198.7 million of our receivables in a structured loan
sale transaction, in part because we were unable to arrange for a securitization
of those receivables. The terms of the September 2008 sale provide
for us to (1) continue servicing the sold portfolio, (2) retain a 5.0% interest
in the bonds issued by the trust to which we sold the receivables and (3) earn
additional compensation contingent upon (a) the return to the holders of the
senior bonds issued by the trust reaching certain targets or (b) “lifetime”
cumulative net charge-offs on the receivables being below a pre-determined
level. We recognized a loss on the sale of $14.0
million. We used a portion of the proceeds of the sale to reduce
substantially the amounts outstanding under our warehouse credit
facilities.
Employee
costs increased by $890,000, or 7.7%, to $12.5 million during the three months
ended September 30, 2008, representing 11.9% of total operating expenses, from
$11.6 million for the prior year, or 12.0% of total operating
expenses. During and through the end of 2007, we gradually
increased our number of employees, generally throughout all areas of the
Company, to accommodate greater volumes of contract purchases and the resulting
higher balance of our managed portfolio. Throughout 2008, we have
reduced staff through attrition and other means as a result of the uncertainty
in capital markets and the related limited access to financing for new
originations of automobile receivables.
General
and administrative expenses include costs associated with purchasing and
servicing our portfolio of finance receivables including expenses for
facilities, credit services, telecommunications and
marketing. General and administrative expenses were $7.5 million, an
increase of 18.3%, compared to the previous year and represented 7.2% of total
operating expenses. Included is a non-cash expense of $901,000
related to the mark-to-market adjustment of warrants issued in June 2008 in
conjunction with our issuance (in June and July of 2008) of $25 million in
subordinated debt. At the time of issuance, the terms of the warrants
required their value be periodically marked to market. However,
effective September 2008, the warrants were amended such that no future marks to
market will be required. Somewhat offsetting increases in general and
administrative expenses was a non-cash adjustment of $346,000 to another warrant
issued in July 2008 to the lender in our residual interest
financing. This warrant was also subject to mark-to-market
adjustments which, when the warrant was revalued in September 2008, resulted in
a valuation $346,000 lower than its original valuation. As a result
of the actions taken at our special shareholder meeting in September 2008, this
warrant will not be subject to future mark to market adjustments.
Interest
expense for the three months ended September 30, 2008 increased $4.6 million, or
12.6%, to $41.0 million, compared to $36.4 million in the previous year. The
increase is primarily the result of changes in the amount and composition of
securitization trust debt carried on our consolidated balance sheet. Interest on
securitization trust debt increased by $2.6 million in the three months ended
September 30, 2008 compared to the prior year. Interest expense on
subordinated debt increased by $2.7 million as a result of our issuance in June
and July 2008 of additional subordinated notes of $10.0 million $15.0 million,
respectively. A portion of the increase in interest expense can also
be attributed to a gradual increase in market interest rates during 2007 during
which time new securitization trust debt was added at fixed rates that were
generally higher than the fixed rates on older securitization trust debt that
was fully or partially repaid. Moreover, due to the securitization
market disruption discussed above, the interest rates and discounts on the
securitization trust debt from our April 2008 securitization transaction were
significantly higher than those on our September 2007 transaction, which also
contributed to the increase. Increases in interest expense for
securitization trust debt and subordinated debt were somewhat offset by a
decrease of $764,000 for warehouse debt interest expense. The
decrease in the warehouse debt interest expense can be attributed to our lower
level of new contract purchases in 2008 as compared to 2007.
As stated
above, we have issued $25.0 million in new subordinated debt since June
2008. Moreover, in July 2008 we amended our existing residual
financing indebtedness resulting in a higher interest rate. As a
result, we can expect that our interest expense on these components of debt will
increase in future periods although such increases may be somewhat offset by
decreases in our securitization trust and warehouse debt should our level of
contract purchases and our portfolio of managed receivables continue to
decline.
Marketing
expenses consist primarily of commission-based compensation paid to our employee
marketing representatives and decreased by $2.3 million, or 49.2%, to $2.4
million, compared to $4.8 million in the previous year, and represented 2.3% of
total operating expenses. The decrease is primarily due to the decrease in
automobile contracts we purchased during the three months ended September 30,
2008 as compared to the prior year. During the three months ended
September 30, 2008, we purchased 2,227 automobile contracts aggregating $33.6
million, compared to 22,012 automobile contracts aggregating $340.2 million in
the prior year. The adverse changes that have taken place in the
securitization market since the fourth quarter of 2007 have caused us to curtail
our purchases of automobile contracts in order to preserve
liquidity.
Occupancy
expenses increased slightly by $23,000 or 2.4%, to $972,000 compared to $949,000
in the previous year and represented 1% of total operating
expenses.
Depreciation
and amortization expenses increased $2,000, or 1.3%, to $126,000 from $128,000
in the previous year.
For the
three months ended September 30, 2008, we recorded a tax benefit of $6.3
million, or 49.9% of loss before income taxes. Income tax expense is
net of $1.3 million in reversals of accruals for certain income tax
contingencies that were resolved during the period. As of September
30, 2008, we had net deferred tax assets of $53.9 million. We have
considered the circumstances that may affect the ultimate realization of our
deferred tax assets and have concluded that no valuation allowance is necessary
at this time. However, if future events change our expected
realization of our deferred tax assets, we may be required to establish a
valuation allowance against that asset in the future.
Comparison
of Operating Results for the nine-months ended September 30, 2008 with the
nine-months ended September 30, 2007
Revenues. During
the nine months ended September 30, 2008, revenues were $293.8 million, an
increase of $8.7 million, or 3.1%, from the prior year revenue of $285.0
million. The primary reason for the increase in revenues is an increase in
interest income. Interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2008
increased $14.6 million, or 5.4%, to $281.9 million from $267.4 million in the
prior year. The primary reason for the increase in interest income is the
increase in finance receivables held by consolidated subsidiaries (resulting in
an increase of $19.7 million in interest income). This increase was
partially offset by decreased
interest
earned on restricted cash balances and a decrease in interest earned on our
residual interest in securitizations.
Servicing
fees totaling $944,000 in the nine months ended September 30, 2008 increased
$274,000, or 41.1%, from $669,000 in the prior year. The increase in servicing
fees is the result of recoveries on the SeaWest Third Party
portfolio. Such recoveries have been treated as servicing fees since
September 2007. Prior to that time they were applied to an
outstanding note obligation of SeaWest to CPS, in accordance with the terms of
the related agreements. We expect servicing fees generally to
decrease as the SeaWest Third Party portfolio and related recoveries
decline. However, on September 26, 2008 we sold $198.7 million in
receivables to a third party purchaser. We have been engaged to
service this sold portfolio and expect to earn significant servicing fees
beginning in the fourth quarter of 2008, although such servicing fees will
decline as that portfolio declines.
At
September 30, 2008, we were generating income and fees on a managed portfolio
with an outstanding principal balance of $1,829.5 million (this amount includes
$195.6 million of automobile contracts on which we earn servicing fees, own 5.0%
of the bonds issued by the related trust, and own a residual interest), compared
to a managed portfolio with an outstanding principal balance of $2,053.1 million
as of September 30, 2007.
Other
income decreased $6.1 million, or 35.8%, to $10.9 million in the nine months
ended September 30, 2008 from $17.0 million during the prior
year. The year over year decrease is the result of a variety of
factors. In the prior year period, we sold a portfolio of charged off
receivables for a gain of $1.7 million. In addition, prior year other
income includes $4.8 million resulting from an increase in the carrying value of
our residual interest in securitizations. The carrying value was
increased primarily as a result of the underlying receivables having incurred
fewer losses than we had previously estimated, which in turn resulted in actual
cash flows exceeding cash flows that were estimated in our valuation of the
residual asset at December 31, 2006. We do not expect that future
cash flows will significantly exceed the estimates we are currently using for
the valuation of our residual interest. In addition,
recoveries on MFN and certain other automobile contracts decreased by $758,000
compared to the 2007 period. Partially offsetting these declines in other income
in 2008 were increases in convenience fees charged to obligors for certain
transaction types (an increase of $2.2 million). The level of convenience fees
we earn is closely related to the size of our managed
portfolio. Consequently, increases or decreases in convenience fees
will result from increases or decreases in our managed portfolio.
The
adverse changes that have taken place in the securitization market since the
fourth quarter of 2007 have caused us to curtail our purchases of automobile
contracts in order to preserve liquidity. As a result, our managed
portfolio has decreased from $2,126.2 million at December 31, 2007 to $1,829.5
at September 30, 2008. If the adverse conditions continue and our
managed portfolio continues to decline, our revenues would decline
proportionately.
Expenses. Our
operating expenses consist largely of provisions for credit losses, interest
expense, employee costs and general and administrative
expenses. Provisions for credit losses and interest expense are
significantly affected by the volume of automobile contracts we purchased during
a period and by the outstanding balance of finance receivables held by
consolidated subsidiaries. Employee costs and general and
administrative expenses are incurred as applications and automobile contracts
are received, processed and serviced. Factors that affect margins and net income
(loss) include changes in the automobile and automobile finance market
environments, and macroeconomic factors such as interest rates and the
unemployment level.
Employee
costs include base salaries, commissions and bonuses paid to employees, and
certain expenses related to the accounting treatment of outstanding stock
options, and are one of our most significant operating expenses. These costs
(other than those relating to stock options) generally fluctuate with the level
of applications and automobile contracts processed and serviced.
Other
operating expenses consist largely of facilities expenses, telephone and other
communication services, credit services, computer services, marketing and
advertising expenses, and depreciation and amortization.
Total
operating expenses were $300.0 million for the nine months ended September 30,
2008, compared to $267.1 million for the prior year, an increase of $32.9
million, or 12.3%. The increase is primarily due to an increase in interest
expense of $21.4 million, or 21.4%, and also the loss of $14.0 million resulting
from the sale of $198.7 million of our receivables to a third
party.
In
September 2008, we sold $198.7 million of our receivables in a structured loan
sale transaction in part because we were unable to arrange for a securitization
of those receivables. The terms of the September 2008 sale provide
for us to (1) to continue servicing the sold portfolio, (2) to retain a 5.0%
interest in the bonds issued by the trust to which we sold the receivables and
(3) to earn additional compensation contingent upon (a) the return to the
holders of the senior bonds issued by the trust reaching certain targets or (b)
“lifetime” cumulative net charge-offs on the receivables being below a
pre-determined level. We recognized a loss on the sale of $14.0
million. We used a portion of the proceeds of the sale to reduce
substantially the amounts outstanding under our warehouse credit
facilities.
Employee
costs increased by 15.2% to $38.8 million during the nine months ended September
30, 2008, representing 12.9% of total operating expenses, from $33.7 million for
the prior year. The increase in employee costs is the result of
additions to our staff, generally throughout all areas of the Company, to
accommodate greater volumes of contract purchases and the resulting higher
balance of our managed portfolio. Staffing increases took place
regularly throughout 2007. In the fourth quarter of 2007,
uncertainties in the capital markets led us to begin curtailing our purchases of
contracts to preserve our liquidity. As a result, of lower contract
purchase volumes, and the resulting decline in our managed portfolio, we have
reduced staff through attrition throughout 2008, and more recently with layoffs
during the third quarter of 2008.
General
and administrative expenses include costs associated with purchasing and
servicing our portfolio of finance receivables including expenses for
facilities, credit services, telecommunications and
marketing. General and administrative expenses were $22.4 million, an
increase of 21.9% compared to the previous year and represented 7.5% of total
operating expenses. As noted above, mark-to-market adjustments of
outstanding warrants resulted in non-cash expenses in the period.
Interest
expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 increased $21.4 million, or
21.4%, to $121.0 million, compared to $99.6 million in the previous year. The
increase is primarily the result of changes in the amount and composition of
securitization trust debt carried on our consolidated balance sheet. Interest on
securitization trust debt increased by $16.4 million in the nine months ended
September 30, 2008 compared to the prior year. We also experienced an
increase in residual interest financing interest of $3.6 million due in part on
greater borrowings on our residual interest facility. Interest
expense on subordinated debt increased by $770,000 million as a result of our
issuance in June and July 2008 of additional subordinated notes of $10.0 million
$15.0 million, respectively. A portion of the increase in interest
expense can also be attributed to a gradual increase in market interest rates
during 2007 during which time new securitization trust debt was added at fixed
rates that were generally higher than the fixed rates on older securitization
trust debt that was fully or partially repaid. Moreover, due to the
securitization market disruption discussed above, the interest rates and
discounts on the securitization trust debt from our April 2008 securitization
transaction were higher than those on our September 2007 transaction, which also
contributed to the increase. Increases in interest expense for
securitization trust debt and residual interest debt were somewhat offset by a
decrease of $764,000 for warehouse debt interest expense. The
decrease in the warehouse debt interest expense can be attributed to our lower
level of new contract purchases in 2008 as compared to 2007.
As stated
above, we have issued $25.0 million in new subordinated debt since June
2008. Moreover, in July 2008 we amended our existing residual
financing indebtedness, resulting in a higher interest rate. As a
result, we can expect that our interest expense on these components of debt will
increase in future periods, although such increases may be somewhat offset by
decreases in our securitization trust and warehouse debt should our level of
contract purchases and our portfolio of managed receivables continue to
decline.
Marketing
expenses consist primarily of commission-based compensation paid to our employee
marketing representatives and decreased by $5 million, or 36.7%, to $8.7
million, compared to $13.7 million in the previous year and represented 2.9% of
total operating expenses. The decrease is primarily due to the decrease in
automobile contracts we purchased during the nine months ended September 30,
2008 as compared to the
prior
year. During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, we purchased
19,278 automobile contracts aggregating $289.6 million, compared to 65,909
automobile contracts aggregating $1,016.5 million in the prior
year. The adverse changes that have taken place in the securitization
market since the fourth quarter of 2007 have caused us to curtail our purchases
of automobile contracts in order to preserve liquidity.
Occupancy
expenses increased by $196,000 or 7%, to $3.0 million compared to $2.8 million
in the previous year and represented 1% of total operating
expenses.
Depreciation
and amortization expenses decreased by $54,000, or 13.0%, to $364,000 from
$418,000 in the previous year.
For the
nine months ended September 30, 2008, we recorded a tax benefit of $3.4 million
or 55.8% of loss before income taxes. Income tax expense is net of
$1.3 million in reversals of accruals for certain income tax contingencies that
were resolved during the period. As of September 30, 2008, we had net
deferred tax assets of $53.9 million. We have considered the
circumstances that may affect the ultimate realization of our deferred tax
assets and have concluded that no valuation allowance is necessary at this
time. However, if future events change our expected realization of
our deferred tax assets, we may be required to establish a valuation allowance
against that asset in the future.
Credit
Experience
Our
financial results are dependent on the performance of the automobile contracts
in which we retain an ownership interest. The table below documents the
delinquency, repossession and net credit loss experience of all automobile
contracts that we were servicing as of the respective dates shown. Credit
experience for CPS, MFN (since the date of the MFN transaction), TFC (since the
date of the TFC transaction) and SeaWest (since the date of the SeaWest
transaction) is shown on a combined basis in the table below.
Delinquency
Experience (1)
CPS,
MFN, TFC and SeaWest Combined
|
September 30, 2008
|
|
|
September
30, 2007
|
|
|
December
31, 2007
|
|
|
Number
of
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number
of
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number
of
|
|
|
|
|
|
Contracts
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Contracts
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Contracts
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
(Dollars
in thousands)
|
Delinquency
Experience
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross
servicing portfolio (1)
|
|
154,516 |
|
|
$ |
1,830,727 |
|
|
|
161,984 |
|
|
$ |
2,055,962 |
|
|
|
168,260 |
|
|
$ |
2,128,656 |
|
Period
of delinquency (2)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
31-60
days
|
|
4,971 |
|
|
|
55,373 |
|
|
|
4,358 |
|
|
|
50,691 |
|
|
|
4,227 |
|
|
|
48,134 |
|
61-90
days
|
|
2,127 |
|
|
|
23,379 |
|
|
|
2,205 |
|
|
|
25,691 |
|
|
|
2,370 |
|
|
|
27,877 |
|
91+
days
|
|
1,558 |
|
|
|
16,521 |
|
|
|
1,678 |
|
|
|
18,469 |
|
|
|
2,039 |
|
|
|
24,888 |
|
Total
delinquencies (2)
|
|
8,656 |
|
|
|
95,273 |
|
|
|
8,241 |
|
|
|
94,851 |
|
|
|
8,636 |
|
|
|
100,899 |
|
Amount
in repossession (3)
|
|
3,963 |
|
|
|
45,312 |
|
|
|
2,569 |
|
|
|
29,748 |
|
|
|
3,049 |
|
|
|
33,400 |
|
Total
delinquencies and amount in repossession (2)
|
|
12,619 |
|
|
$ |
140,585 |
|
|
|
10,810 |
|
|
$ |
124,599 |
|
|
|
11,685 |
|
|
$ |
134,299 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Delinquencies
as a percentage of gross servicing portfolio
|
|
5.6
|
% |
|
|
5.2
|
% |
|
|
5.1
|
% |
|
|
4.6
|
% |
|
|
5.1
|
% |
|
|
4.7
|
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
delinquencies and amount in repossession as
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
a
percentage of gross servicing portfolio
|
|
8.2
|
% |
|
|
7.7
|
% |
|
|
6.7
|
% |
|
|
6.1
|
% |
|
|
6.9
|
% |
|
|
6.3
|
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
____________________________________
(1)
All amounts and percentages are based on the amount remaining to be repaid on
each automobile contract, including, for pre-computed automobile contracts, any
unearned interest. The information in the table represents the gross principal
amount of all automobile contracts purchased by us, including automobile
contracts subsequently sold by us in securitization transactions that we
continue to service. The table does not include automobile contracts from the
SeaWest Third Party Portfolio.
(2)
We consider an automobile contract delinquent when an obligor fails to make at
least 90% of a contractually due payment by the following due date, which date
may have been extended within limits specified in the Servicing Agreements. The
period of delinquency is based on the number of days payments are contractually
past due. Automobile contracts less than 31 days delinquent are not
included.
(3)
Amount in repossession represents financed vehicles that have been repossessed
but not yet liquidated.
Net
Charge-Off Experience (1)
CPS,
MFN, TFC and SeaWest Combined
|
September
30,
|
|
September
30,
|
|
December
31,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
(Dollars
in thousands)
|
Average
servicing portfolio outstanding
|
|
$ |
2,005,504 |
|
|
$ |
1,837,634 |
|
|
$ |
1,905,162 |
|
Annualized
net charge-offs as a percentage of
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
average
servicing portfolio (2)
|
|
|
7.1 |
% |
|
|
5.0
|
% |
|
|
5.3
|
% |
_________________________
(1)
All amounts and percentages are based on the principal amount scheduled to be
paid on each automobile contract, net of unearned income on pre-computed
automobile contracts.
(2)
Net charge-offs include the remaining principal balance, after the application
of the net proceeds from the liquidation of the vehicle (excluding accrued and
unpaid interest) and amounts collected subsequent to the date of charge-off,
including some recoveries which have been classified as other income in the
accompanying interim financial statements. September 30, 2008
and September 30, 2007 percentage represents nine months ended September 30,
2008 and September 30, 2007 annualized. December 31, 2007 represents 12 months
ended December 31, 2007.
Liquidity
and Capital Resources
Our
business requires substantial cash to support our purchases of automobile
contracts and other operating activities. Our primary sources of cash have been
cash flows from operating activities, including proceeds from sales of
automobile contracts, amounts borrowed under various revolving credit facilities
(also sometimes known as warehouse credit facilities), servicing fees on
portfolios of automobile contracts previously sold in securitization
transactions or serviced for third parties, customer payments of principal and
interest on finance receivables, and releases of cash from securitized pools of
automobile contracts in which we have retained a residual ownership interest and
from the spread account associated with such pools. Our primary uses of cash
have been the purchases of automobile contracts, repayment of amounts borrowed
under lines of credit and otherwise, operating expenses such as employee,
interest, occupancy expenses and other general and administrative expenses, the
establishment of spread account and initial overcollateralization, and the
increase of credit enhancement to required levels in securitization
transactions, and income taxes. There can be no assurance that internally
generated cash will be sufficient to meet our cash demands. The sufficiency of
internally generated cash will depend on the performance of securitized pools
(which determines the level of releases from those pools and their related
spread account), the rate of expansion or contraction in our managed portfolio,
and the terms upon which we are able to acquire, sell, and borrow against
automobile contracts.
Net cash
provided by operating activities for the nine-month period ended September 30,
2008 was $108.6 million compared to net cash provided by operating activities
for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2007 of $97.9 million. Cash
provided by operating activities is affected by our increased net earnings, or
loss, before the significant increase in the provision for credit
losses.
Net cash
provided by investing activities for the nine-month period ended September 30,
2008 was $359.9 million compared to net cash used in investing activities of
$630.3 million in the prior year period. Cash flows from investing
activities has primarily related to purchases of automobile contracts less
principal amortization on our consolidated portfolio of automobile
contracts. The adverse changes that have taken place in the
securitization market since the fourth quarter of 2007 have caused us to curtail
our purchases of automobile contracts in order to preserve
liquidity.
Net cash
used by financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 was
$466.2 million compared to net cash provided by financing activities of $535.1
million in the prior year period. Cash provided by financing activities is
generally related to the issuance of new securitization trust
debt. We issued $285.4 million in new securitization trust debt in
the nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared to $1,035.9 million in the
prior year period. Cash used in financing activities also includes
the repayment of securitization
trust
debt of $543.1 million and $498.2 million for the nine-month periods ended
September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
We
purchase automobile contracts from dealers for cash prices approximating their
principal amounts, adjusted for acquisition fees that may either increase or
decrease the automobile contract purchase price. Those automobile
contracts generate cash flow, however, over a period of years. As a result, we
have been dependent on warehouse credit facilities to purchase automobile
contracts, and on the availability of cash from outside sources in order to
finance our continuing operations, as well as to fund the portion of automobile
contract purchase prices not financed under revolving warehouse credit
facilities. As of September 30, 2008, we had $400 million in warehouse credit
capacity, in the form of two $200 million senior facilities.
The first
of two warehouse facilities mentioned above is provided by Bear, Stearns
International Limited and is structured to allow us to fund a portion of the
purchase price of automobile contracts by drawing against a floating rate
variable funding note issued by our consolidated subsidiary Page Three Funding,
LLC. This facility was established on November 15, 2005, and expired on November
6, 2008. On November 8, 2006 the facility was increased from $150 million
to $200 million and the maximum advance rate was increased to 83% from 80% of
eligible contracts, subject to collateral tests and certain other conditions and
covenants. The advance rate is subject to the lender’s valuation of the
collateral, which in turn is affected by factors such as the credit performance
of our managed portfolio and the terms and conditions of our term
securitizations, including the expected yields required for bonds issued in our
term securitizations, and is currently at less than the
maximum advance rate. Notes under this facility accrued interest at a
rate of one-month LIBOR plus 2.50% per annum. At September 30, 2008,
$316,000 was outstanding under this facility.
The
second of two warehouse facilities is provided by UBS Real Estate Securities
Inc. and is similarly structured to allow us to fund a portion of the purchase
price of automobile contracts by drawing against a floating rate variable
funding note issued by our consolidated subsidiary Page Funding
LLC. This facility was entered into on June 30, 2004. On June 29,
2005 the facility was increased from $100 million to $125 million and further
amended to provide for funding for automobile contracts purchased under the TFC
programs, in addition to our CPS programs. The available credit under
the facility was increased again to $200 million on August 31, 2005. In April
2006, the terms of this facility were amended to allow advances to us of up to
80% of the principal balance of automobile contracts that we purchase under our
CPS programs, and of up to 70% of the principal balance of automobile contracts
that we purchase under our TFC programs, in all events subject to collateral
tests and certain other conditions and covenants. On June 30, 2006,
the terms of this facility were amended to allow advances to us of up to 83% of
the principal balance of automobile contracts that we purchase under our CPS
programs, in all events subject to collateral tests and certain other conditions
and covenants. The advance rate is subject to the lender’s valuation
of the collateral which, in turn, is affected by factors such as the credit
performance of our managed portfolio and the terms and conditions of our term
securitizations, including the expected yields for bonds issued in our term
securitizations, and is currently at less than the maximum advance
rate. Notes under this facility accrued interest at a rate of
one-month LIBOR plus 2.00% per annum. The facility expires on
November 28, 2008, unless renewed by us and the lender before that time. At
September 30, 2008, $8.4 million was outstanding under this
facility.
The
acquisition of automobile contracts for subsequent sale in securitization
transactions, and the need to fund the spread accounts and initial
overcollateralization, if any, and increase credit enhancement levels when those
transactions take place, results in a continuing need for capital. The amount of
capital required is most heavily dependent on the rate of our automobile
contract purchases, the advance rate on the warehouse facilities, the required
level of initial credit enhancement in securitizations, and the extent to which
the previously established trusts and their related spread account either
release cash to us or capture cash from collections on securitized automobile
contracts. We are limited in our ability to purchase automobile contracts by our
available cash and the capacity of our warehouse facilities. As of September 30,
2008, we had unrestricted cash on hand of $23.2 million and available capacity
from our warehouse credit facilities of $391.3 million, subject to the
availability of suitable automobile contracts to serve as collateral and of
sufficient cash to fund the portion of such automobile contracts purchase price
not advanced under the warehouse facilities. Our plans to manage our liquidity
include the completion of additional term securitizations and “whole loan” sales
that may result in additional unrestricted cash through repayment of the
warehouse facilities, and matching our
levels of
automobile contract purchases to our availability of cash. There can be no
assurance that we will be able to complete term securitizations on favorable
economic terms or that we will be able to complete term securitizations at all.
If we were to be unable to complete such securitizations or enter into
alternative forms of long-term financing, we would be forced to further reduce
our volumes of contract purchases. Although we believe that
reductions in contract purchases would allow us to continue operations, such
reductions have resulted in a decrease in the size of our portfolio of
automobile contracts. A continuing decrease in portfolio size could
have a material adverse effect on our cash flows and results of
operations.
The
second warehouse facility is scheduled to expire on November 28,
2008. On previous expiration dates, the facility has been extended
for additional 12-month or shorter periods. However, due to the
current uncertainty in the capital markets there can be no assurance that the
warehouse facility can be renewed on acceptable terms. We are
currently in discussions with both warehouse providers and other potential
providers of warehouse or other revolving credit facilities, but there is no
assurance that we will have such financing available upon the expiration of the
two existing facilities. If the facilities expire and we are unable
to obtain alternative financing, we will be forced to curtail significantly or
possibly to cease new purchases of automobile receivables contracts, which would
have an adverse effect on our results of operations. Moreover, if we
were unable to secure any warehouse financing we would be in default under two
of our 20 outstanding securitization transactions.
Our
primary means of ensuring that our cash demands do not exceed our cash resources
is to match our levels of automobile contract purchases to our availability of
cash. Our ability to adjust the quantity of automobile contracts that we
purchase and securitize will be subject to general competitive conditions and
the continued availability of warehouse or other revolving credit facilities.
There can be no assurance that the desired level of automobile contract
acquisition can be maintained or increased. While the specific terms of our
securitization transactions vary, our securitization agreements generally
provide that we will receive excess cash flows only if the amount of credit
enhancement has reached specified levels and/or the delinquency, defaults or net
losses related to the automobile contracts in the pool are below certain
predetermined levels. In the event delinquencies, defaults or net losses on the
automobile contracts exceed such levels, the terms of the securitization: (i)
may require increased credit enhancement to be accumulated for the particular
pool; (ii) may restrict the distribution to us of excess cash flows associated
with other pools; or (iii) in certain circumstances, may permit the note
insurers to require the transfer of servicing on some or all of the automobile
contracts to another servicer. There can be no assurance that collections from
the related Trusts will continue to generate sufficient cash.
In
November 2005, we completed a securitization in which a wholly-owned bankruptcy
remote consolidated subsidiary of ours issued $45.8 million of asset-backed
notes secured by its retained interest in ten term securitization
transactions. At December 31, 2006 there was $19.6 million
outstanding on this facility and in May 2007 the notes were fully
repaid. In December 2006 we entered into a $35 million residual
credit facility that was secured by our retained interests in additional term
securitizations. At December 31, 2006, there was $12.2 million
outstanding under this facility. In July 2007, we established a combination term
and revolving residual credit facility and used a portion of our initial draw
under that facility to repay our remaining outstanding debt under the December
2006 $35 million residual facility.
Under the
combination term and revolving residual credit facility, we have used eligible
residual interests in securitizations as collateral for floating rate
borrowings. The amount that we were able to borrow was computed using
an agreed valuation methodology of the residuals, subject to an overall maximum
principal amount of $120 million, represented by (i) a $60 million Class A-1
variable funding note (the “revolving note”), and (ii) a $60 million Class A-2
term note (the “term note”). The term note was fully drawn in July
2007 and was due in July 2009. As of July 2008, we had drawn $26.8
million on the revolving note. The facility’s revolving feature
expired in July 2008. On July 10, 2008 we amended the terms of the
combination term and revolving residual credit facility, (i) eliminating the
revolving feature and increasing the interest rate, (ii) consolidating the
amounts then owing on the Class A-1 note with the Class A-2 note, (iii)
establishing an amortization schedule for principal reductions on the Class A-2
note, and (iv) providing for an extension, at our option if certain conditions
are met, of the Class A-2 note maturity from June 2009 to June
2010. In
conjunction
with the amendment, we reduced the principal amount outstanding to $70,000,000,
by delivering to the lender (i) warrants valued as being equivalent to 2,500,000
common shares, or $4,071,429 and (ii) cash of $12,765,244. The
warrants represent the right to purchase 2,500,000 CPS common shares at a
nominal exercise price, at any time prior to July 10, 2018. As of September 30, 2008
the aggregate indebtedness under this facility was $68.3 million.
On June
30, 2008, we entered into a series of agreements pursuant to which a lender
purchased a $10 million five-year, fixed rate, senior secured note issued by the
Company. The indebtedness is secured by substantially all of the
Company's assets, though not by the assets of the Company's special-purpose
financing subsidiaries. In July 2007, in conjunction with the
amendment of the combination term and revolving residual credit facility as
discussed above, the lender purchased an additional $15 million note with
substantially the same terms as the $10 million note. Pursuant to the
June 30, 2008 securities purchase agreement, we issued to the lender 1,225,000
shares of common stock. In addition, we issued the lender two
warrants: (i) warrants that we refer to as the FMV Warrants, which, upon the
approval of our shareholders, would become exercisable for up to 1,500,000
shares of our common stock, at a then-exercise price of $2.573 per share, and
(ii) warrants that we refer to as the N Warrants, exercisable upon the approval
of our shareholders for up to 275,000 shares of our common stock, at a nominal
exercise price. Shareholder approval having been obtained, both the FMV Warrants
and the N Warrants are exercisable in whole or in part and at any time up to and
including June 30, 2018, to the extent permitted by applicable law and
regulation. We valued the warrants using the Black Scholes
valuation model and recorded their value as a liability on our balance sheet
because the terms of the warrants also included a provision whereby the lender
may require us to purchase the warrants for cash. That provision was eliminated
by mutual agreement in September 2008.
The terms
of the various securitization agreements related to the issuance of the
securitization trust debt and the warehouse credit facilities require that
certain delinquency and credit loss criteria be met with respect to the
collateral pool, and require that we maintain minimum levels of liquidity and
net worth and not exceed maximum leverage levels and maximum financial
losses. In addition, certain securitization and non-securitization
related debt contain cross-default provisions, which would allow certain
creditors to declare a default if a default were declared under a different
facility. As of September 30, 2008, we were in compliance with all
such financial covenants.
The
securitization agreements of our term securitization transactions are terminable
by the note insurers in the event of certain defaults by us and under certain
other circumstances. Similar termination rights are held by the lenders in the
warehouse credit facilities. Were a note insurer (or the lenders in such
warehouse facilities) in the future to exercise its option to terminate the
securitization agreements, such a termination would have a material adverse
effect on our liquidity and results of operations. We continue to receive
servicer extensions on a monthly and/or quarterly basis, pursuant to the
securitization agreements.
Critical
Accounting Policies
(a)
Allowance for Finance Credit Losses
In order
to estimate an appropriate allowance for losses incurred on finance receivables
held on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet, we use a loss
allowance methodology commonly referred to as “static pooling,” which stratifies
our finance receivable portfolio into separately identified pools. Using
analytical and formula-driven techniques, we estimate an allowance for finance
credit losses, which management believes is adequate for probable credit losses
that can be reasonably estimated in our portfolio of finance receivable
automobile contracts. Provision for losses is charged to our Unaudited
Consolidated Statement of Operations. Net losses incurred on finance receivables
are charged to the allowance. Management evaluates the adequacy of the allowance
by examining current delinquencies, the characteristics of the portfolio and the
value of the underlying collateral. As conditions change, our level of
provisioning and/or allowance may change as well.
(b)
Contract acquisition fees and
originations costs
Upon
purchase of a contract from a dealer, we generally charge or advance the dealer
an acquisition fee. For contracts securitized in pools which were structured as
sales for financial accounting purposes, the acquisition fees associated with
contract purchases were deferred until the contracts were securitized, at which
time the deferred acquisition fees were recognized as a component of the gain on
sale.
For
contracts purchased and securitized in pools which are structured as secured
financings for financial accounting purposes, dealer acquisition fees and
deferred originations costs are reduced against the carrying value of finance
receivables and are accreted into earnings as an adjustment to the yield over
the estimated life of the contract using the interest method.
(c)
Income taxes
We and
our subsidiaries file consolidated federal income and combined state franchise
tax returns. We utilize the asset and liability method of accounting for income
taxes, under which deferred income taxes are recognized for the future tax
consequences attributable to the differences between the financial statement
values of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates
expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary
differences
are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred taxes of a
change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the
enactment date. A valuation allowance is recorded against that portion of the
deferred tax asset whose utilization in future period is not more than
likely.
In
determining the possible realization of deferred tax assets, future taxable
income from the following sources are considered: (a) the reversal of taxable
temporary differences; (b) future operations exclusive of reversing temporary
differences; and (c) tax planning strategies that, if necessary, would be
implemented to accelerate taxable income into a period in which net operating
losses might otherwise expire.
(d)
Stock-based compensation
We
recognize compensation costs in the financial statements for all share-based
payments granted subsequent to December 31, 2005 based on the grant date fair
value estimated in accordance with the provisions of Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards No. 123(R), “Share-Based Payment, revised 2004” (“SFAS
123R”).
In
December 2005, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors approved
accelerated vesting of all the outstanding stock options issued by
us. Options to purchase 2,113,998 shares of our common stock, which
would otherwise have vested from time to time through 2010, became immediately
exercisable as a result of the acceleration of vesting. The decision
to accelerate the vesting of the options was made primarily to reduce non-cash
compensation expenses that would have been recorded in our income statement in
future period upon the adoption of Financial Accounting Standards Board
Statement No. 123(R) in January 2006.
For the
nine months ended September 30, 2008, we recorded $953,000 in stock-based
compensation costs, resulting from grants of options during the period and
vesting of previously granted options. As of September 30, 2008, there were $4.0
million in unrecognized stock-based compensation costs to be recognized over
future periods.
Forward
Looking Statements
This
report on Form 10-Q includes certain “forward-looking statements.”
Forward-looking statements may be identified by the use of words such as
“anticipates,” “expects,” “plans,” “estimates,” or words of like meaning. Our
provision for credit losses is a forward-looking statement, as it is dependent
on our estimates as to future chargeoffs and recovery rates. Factors
that could affect charge-offs and recovery rates include changes in the general
economic climate, which could affect the willingness or ability of obligors to
pay pursuant to the terms of automobile contracts, changes in laws respecting
consumer finance, which could affect our ability to enforce
rights
under automobile contracts, and changes in the market for used vehicles, which
could affect the levels of recoveries upon sale of repossessed vehicles. Factors
that could affect our revenues in the current year include the levels of cash
releases from existing pools of automobile contracts, which would affect our
ability to purchase automobile contracts, the terms on which we are able to
finance such purchases, the willingness of dealers to sell automobile contracts
to us on the terms that we offer, and the terms on which we are able to complete
term securitizations once automobile contracts are acquired. Factors that could
affect our expenses in the current year include competitive conditions in the
market for qualified personnel and interest rates (which affect the rates that
we pay on notes issued in our securitizations). The statements concerning our
structuring future securitization transactions as secured financings and the
effects of such structures on financial items and on our future profitability
also are forward-looking statements. Any change to the structure of our
securitization transaction could cause such forward-looking statements not to be
accurate. Both the amount of the effect of the change in structure on our
profitability and the duration of the period in which our profitability would be
affected by the change in securitization structure are estimates. The accuracy
of such estimates will be affected by the rate at which we purchase automobile
contracts, any changes in that rate, the credit performance of such automobile
contracts, the financial terms of future securitizations, any changes in such
terms over time, and other factors that generally affect our
profitability.
Item 3. Quantitative and
Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Interest
Rate Risk
We are
subject to interest rate risk during the period between when automobile
contracts are purchased from dealers and when such automobile contracts become
part of a term securitization. Specifically, the interest rates on the warehouse
facilities are adjustable while the interest rates on the automobile contracts
are fixed. Historically, our term securitization facilities have had fixed rates
of interest. To mitigate some of this risk, we have in the past, and intend to
continue to, structure certain of our securitization transactions to include
pre-funding structures, in which the amount of notes issued exceeds the amount
of automobile contracts initially sold to the trusts. In pre-funding, the
proceeds from the pre-funded portion are held in an escrow account until we sell
the additional automobile contracts to the trust in amounts up to the balance of
the pre-funded escrow account. In pre-funded securitizations, we lock in the
borrowing costs with respect to the automobile contracts it subsequently
delivers to the trust. However, we incur an expense in pre-funded
securitizations equal to the difference between the money market yields earned
on the proceeds held in escrow prior to subsequent delivery of automobile
contracts and the interest rate paid on the notes outstanding, as to the amount
of which there can be no assurance.
There
have been no material changes in market risks since December 31,
2007.
We
maintain a system of internal controls and procedures designed to provide
reasonable assurance as to the reliability of our published financial statements
and other disclosures included in this report. As of the end of the period
covered by this report, we evaluated the effectiveness of the design and
operation of such disclosure controls and procedures. Based upon that
evaluation, the principal executive officer (Charles E. Bradley, Jr.) and the
principal financial officer (Jeffrey P. Fritz) concluded that the disclosure
controls and procedures are effective in recording, processing, summarizing and
reporting, on a timely basis, material information relating to us that is
required to be included in our reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934. There have been no significant changes in our internal controls over
financial reporting during our most recently completed fiscal quarter that
materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal
control over financial reporting.
PART
II — OTHER INFORMATION
The
information provided under the caption “Legal Proceedings” in our Annual Report
on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007, is incorporated herein by
reference.
Such
information included a reference to an individual resident of Ohio, Agborebot
Bate-Eya, having filed against us a purported class counterclaim to a collection
lawsuit. The claims against us have since been dismissed with
prejudice.
We remind
the reader that risk factors are set forth in Item 1A of our report on Form
10-K, filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on March 9, 2007.
Where we are aware of material changes to such risk factors as previously
disclosed, we set forth below an updated discussion of such risks. The reader
should note that the other risks identified in our report on Form 10-K remain
applicable to us.
We
require a substantial amount of cash to service our substantial
debt.
To
service our existing substantial indebtedness, we require a significant amount
of cash. Our ability to generate cash depends on many factors, including our
successful financial and operating performance. Our financial and operational
performance depends upon a number of factors, many of which are beyond our
control. These factors include, without limitation:
·
|
the
economic and competitive conditions in the asset-backed securities
market;
|
|
the performance of our current and
future automobile contracts;
|
·
|
the
performance of our residual interests from our securitizations and
warehouse credit facilities;
|
·
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any
operating difficulties or pricing pressures we may
experience;
|
·
|
our
ability to obtain credit enhancement for our
securitizations;
|
·
|
our
ability to establish and maintain dealer
relationships;
|
·
|
the
passage of laws or regulations that affect us
adversely;
|
·
|
our
ability to compete with our competitors;
and
|
·
|
our
ability to acquire and finance automobile
contracts.
|
Depending
upon the outcome of one or more of these factors, we may not be able to generate
sufficient cash flow from operations or obtain sufficient funding to satisfy all
of our obligations. We note in particular that the market for asset-backed
securities is, as of the date of this report, severely adverse to issuers such
as ourselves, to such an extent that we do not consider that market to be
available to us at present. We also note that credit enhancement in
the form of financial guaranty insurance policies does not appear to be
available. There can be no assurance as to when, whether or on what
terms we may be able to securitize pools of automobile contracts in the future.
If the unavailability of securitization transactions were to cause us to be
unable to pay our debts, we would be required to pursue one or more alternative
strategies, such as selling assets, refinancing or restructuring our
indebtedness or selling additional equity capital. These alternative strategies
might not be feasible at the time, might prove inadequate or could require the
prior consent of our lenders.
We
need substantial liquidity to operate our business.
We have
historically funded our operations principally through internally generated cash
flows, sales of debt and equity securities, including through securitizations
and warehouse credit facilities, borrowings under senior subordinated debt
agreements and sales of subordinated notes. However, we may not be able to
obtain sufficient funding for our future operations from such sources. As of the
date of this report, our access to the capital markets is impaired, with respect
to both short-term and long-term debt. As a result, our results of operations,
financial condition and cash flows have been and may continue to be materially
and adversely affected. We require a substantial amount of cash liquidity to
operate our business. Among other things, we have used such cash liquidity
to:
·
|
acquire
automobile contracts;
|
·
|
fund
overcollateralization in warehouse credit facilities and
securitizations;
|
·
|
pay securitization fees and
expenses;
|
·
|
fund
spread accounts in connection with
securitizations;
|
·
|
satisfy
working capital requirements and pay operating
expenses;
|
To
mitigate the effects of our difficulties in obtaining financing on acceptable
terms, we have materially reduced our acquisitions of automobile contracts, and
have refrained from attempting to conduct securitization transactions on terms
that we believe would be too burdensome to be prudent. We continue to
pay our operating expenses, taxes and interest expense, and to satisfy our
working capital requirements. However, there can be no assurance of our
continued ability to do so.
Our results of operations will
depend on our ability to secure and maintain adequate credit and warehouse
financing on favorable terms.
We depend
on warehouse credit facilities to finance our purchases of automobile contracts.
Our business strategy requires that these warehouse credit facilities continue
to be available to us from the time of purchase or origination of an automobile
contract until it is financed through a securitization or other long-term
financing.
Our
primary sources of day-to-day liquidity are our warehouse credit facilities, in
which we sell and contribute automobile contracts, as often as twice a week, to
special-purpose subsidiaries, where they are "warehoused" until they are
securitized, at which time funds advanced under one or more warehouse credit
facilities are repaid from the proceeds of the securitizations. The
special-purpose subsidiaries obtain the funds to purchase these contracts by
pledging the contracts to a trustee for the benefit of senior warehouse lenders,
who advance funds to our special-purpose subsidiaries based on the dollar amount
of the contracts pledged. Over the periods described in this report, we
have depended substantially on two warehouse credit facilities: (i) a
$200 million warehouse credit facility, which we established in November 2005
and which expired on November 6, 2008; and (ii) a $200 million warehouse credit
facility, which we established in June 2004 and which, unless renewed or earlier
terminated upon the occurrence of certain events, will expire in November 2008.
Each of these facilities may be renewed by mutual agreement between the senior
lender and us.
Each of
these two warehouse facilities included from January or February 2007 through
March 2008 a supplemental subordinated credit facility, pursuant to which our
special purpose subsidiary issued subordinated notes to lenders unaffiliated
with us, and unaffiliated with the senior lenders. The effect was to increase
the percentage of the value of the pledged automobile contracts that our special
purpose subsidiary might borrow. The supplemental subordinated credit facilities
expired in March 2008. Both
warehouse
facilities provide or provided for advances based on a percentage of the
eligible collateral and we typically utilize the facilities in such a way to
maximize the borrowings available thereunder. However, the maximum advance rate
percentage under each facility is subject to each lender's valuation of the
collateral which, in turn, is affected by factors such as the credit performance
of our managed portfolio and the terms and conditions of our term
securitizations, including the expected yields required for bonds issued in
conjunction with our term securitizations.
There can
be no assurance that our remaining warehouse credit facility will remain
available to us in the future, and we may not be able to obtain other credit
facilities on favorable terms to fund our operations.
Within
the period of approximately one year prior to the filing of this report, we have
observed adverse changes in the market for securitized pools of automobile
contracts. These changes have resulted in a substantial extension of the period
during which we have financed our automobile contracts through our warehouse
credit facilities, which has burdened our financing capabilities. Continued
adverse conditions in the market for securitized pools of automobile contracts
could result in our reaching or exceeding maximum limits for advances and age of
eligible collateral under our warehouse facilities, or could result in the loss,
delinquency or other performance measures of such financed collateral exceeding
predetermined maximum levels, which in any such case may preclude further
borrowings thereunder, or result in increased costs payable by us.
If we
were unable to arrange new warehousing or other credit facilities or renew our
existing warehouse credit facility when it comes due, or if the advance rate as
determined by the lender were significantly reduced, or if we reached the
maximum limits for advances under the facility or exceeded predetermined
measures of collateral performance, our results of operations, financial
condition and cash flows could be materially and adversely
affected.
Our
results of operations will depend on our ability to securitize or otherwise
finance our portfolio of automobile contracts.
We are
dependent upon our ability to continue to obtain permanent financing for pools
of automobile contracts in order to generate cash proceeds for new purchases of
automobile contracts. We have historically depended on term securitization
transactions of automobile contracts to provide such permanent financing. By
"permanent financing" we mean financing that extends to cover the full term
during which the underlying contracts are outstanding and requires repayment as
the underlying contracts are repaid or charged off. By contrast, our warehouse
credit facilities permit us to borrow against the value of such receivables only
for limited periods of time. Our past practice and future plan has been and is
to repay loans made to us under our warehouse credit facilities with the
proceeds of securitizations, although we are examining alternative structures.
There can be no assurance that any securitization transaction or alternative
structure will be available on terms acceptable to us, or at all. The timing of
any such transaction is affected by a number of factors beyond our control, any
of which could cause substantial delays, including, without
limitation:
·
|
the
approval by all parties of the terms of such
transaction;
|
·
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the
availability of credit enhancement on acceptable terms;
and
|
·
|
our
ability to acquire a sufficient number of automobile
contracts.
|
Within
the period of approximately one year prior to the filing of this report, we have
observed adverse changes in the market for securitized pools of automobile
contracts. These changes include reduced liquidity, increased premiums for
financial guaranty insurance and reduced demand for asset-backed securities,
including for securities carrying a financial guaranty or for securities backed
by sub-prime automobile receivables. We believe that these adverse changes in
the capital markets are primarily the result of widespread defaults of sub-prime
mortgages securing a variety of term securitizations and related
financial
instruments, including instruments carrying financial guarantees similar to
those we typically secure for our own term securitizations. Such adverse changes
have resulted in our becoming unable to securitize automobile contracts on
acceptable terms,have caused us to curtail our purchases of automobile
contracts, and have had a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
Further or continued adverse changes in such market could be expected to have a
continued material adverse effect on our results of operations.
Our
results of operations will depend on cash flows from our residual interests in
our securitization program and our warehouse credit facilities.
When we
finance our automobile contracts through securitizations and warehouse credit
facilities, we receive cash and a residual interest in the assets financed.
Those financed assets are owned by the special-purpose subsidiary that is formed
for the related securitization. This residual interest represents the right to
receive the future cash flows to be generated by the automobile contracts in
excess of (i) the interest and principal paid to investors on the indebtedness
issued in connection with the financing (ii) the costs of servicing the
contracts and (iii) certain other costs incurred in connection with completing
and maintaining the securitization or warehouse credit facility. We sometimes
refer to these future cash flows as "excess spread cash flows."
Under the
financial structures we have used to date in our securitizations and warehouse
credit facilities, excess spread cash flows that would otherwise be paid to the
holder of the residual interest are first used to increase overcollateralization
or are retained in a spread account within the securitization trusts or the
warehouse facility to provide liquidity and credit enhancement for the related
securities.
While the
specific terms and mechanics vary among transactions, our securitization and
warehousing agreements generally provide that we will receive excess spread cash
flows only if the amount of overcollateralization and spread account balances
have reached specified levels and/or the delinquency, defaults or net losses
related to the contracts in the automobile contract pools are below certain
predetermined levels. In the event delinquencies, defaults or net losses on
contracts exceed these levels, the terms of the securitization or warehouse
credit facility:
·
|
may
require increased credit enhancement, including an increase in the amount
required to be on deposit in the spread account to be accumulated for the
particular pool;
|
·
|
may
restrict the distribution to us of excess spread cash flows associated
with other securitized or warehoused pools;
and
|
·
|
in
certain circumstances, may permit affected parties to require the transfer
of servicing on some or all of the securitized or warehoused contracts
from us to an unaffiliated
servicer.
|
We
typically retain residual interests or use them as collateral to borrow cash. In
any case, the future excess spread cash flow received in respect of the residual
interests is integral to the financing of our operations. The amount of cash
received from residual interests depends in large part on how well our portfolio
of securitized and warehoused automobile contracts performs. If our portfolio of
securitized and warehoused automobile contracts has higher delinquency and loss
ratios than expected, then the amount of money realized from our retained
residual interests, or the amount of money we could obtain from the sale or
other financing of our residual interests, would be reduced, which could have an
adverse effect on our operations, financial condition and cash
flows.
If
we are unable to obtain credit enhancement for our securitizations upon
favorable terms, our results of operations would be impaired.
In our
securitizations, we have typically utilized credit enhancement in the form of
one or more financial guaranty insurance policies issued by financial guaranty
insurance companies. Each of these policies unconditionally and irrevocably
guarantees certain interest and principal payments on the senior
classes
of the
securities issued in our securitizations. These guarantees have enabled these
securities to achieve the highest credit rating available, and thus have
minimized the interest rates payable with respect to such securities. None of
such financial guaranty insurance companies is required to insure any future
securitizations, and we believe that none are currently inclined to do so. As we
pursue future securitizations, we may not be able to obtain:
·
|
credit
enhancement in any form from financial guaranty insurance companies or any
other provider of credit enhancement on terms acceptable to us, or at all;
or
|
·
|
similar
ratings for senior classes of securities to be issued in future
securitizations.
|
If we
were unable to obtain such enhancements or such ratings, we would expect to
incur increased interest expense, which would adversely affect our results of
operations.
If
we lose servicing rights on our portfolio of automobile contracts, or any
material portion thereof, our results of operations would be
impaired.
We are
entitled to receive servicing fees only while we act as servicer under the
applicable sale and servicing agreements governing our warehouse facilities and
securitizations. Under such agreements, we may be terminated as servicer upon
the occurrence of certain events, including:
·
|
our
failure generally to observe and perform covenants and agreements
applicable to us;
|
·
|
certain
bankruptcy events involving us; or
|
·
|
the
occurrence of certain events of default under the documents governing the
facilities.
|
The
adverse effects on our results of operations have increased the chance that we
might breach certain financial covenants, and the extended period of time that
we have held automobile contracts in our warehouse credit facility has increased
the chance that we might breach certain performance criteria applicable to
contracts held in such warehouse credit facility. The loss of our servicing
rights could materially and adversely affect our results of operations,
financial condition and cash flows. Our results of operations, financial
condition and cash flows, would be materially and adversely affected if we were
to be terminated as servicer with respect to a material portion of the
automobile contracts for which we are receiving servicing fees. We do
not, as of the date of this report, hold in our warehouse credit facility any
material portion of the automobile contracts for which we are receiving
servicing fees.
We
have substantial indebtedness.
We have
and will continue to have a substantial amount of indebtedness. At December 31,
2007, and September 30, 2008, we had approximately $2,132.3 million and $1,675.6
million, respectively, of debt outstanding. Such debt consisted, as of December
31, 2007, primarily of $1,798.3 million of securitization trust debt, and also
included $235.9 million of warehouse indebtedness, $70.0 million of residual
interest financing, and $28.1 million owed under a subordinated notes program.
At September 30, 2008, such debt consisted primarily of $1,550.7 million of
securitization trust debt, and also included $8.7 million of warehouse
indebtedness, $68.3 million of residual interest financing, $19.8 million of
senior secured debt, and $28.2 million owed under a subordinated notes program.
We are currently offering the subordinated notes to the public on a continuous
basis, and such notes have maturities that range from three months to ten
years.
Our
substantial indebtedness could adversely affect our financial condition by,
among other things:
·
|
increasing
our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry
conditions;
|
·
|
requiring
us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations
payments on our indebtedness, thereby reducing amounts available for
working capital, capital expenditures and other general corporate
purposes;
|
·
|
limiting
our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business
and the industry in which we
operate;
|
·
|
placing
us at a competitive disadvantage compared tour competitors that have less
debt; and
|
·
|
limiting
our ability to borrow additional
funds.
|
Although
we believe we are able to service and repay such debt, there is no assurance
that we will be able to do so. If we do not generate sufficient operating
profits, our ability to make required payments on our debt would be impaired.
Failure to pay our indebtedness when due could have a material adverse
effect.
If
an increase in interest rates results in a decrease in our cash flow from excess
spread, our results of operations may be impaired.
Our
profitability is largely determined by the difference, or "spread," between (i)
the interest rates payable under our warehouse credit facilities and on the
asset-backed securities issued in our securitizations, or payable in any
alternate permanent financing transactions, and (ii) the effective interest rate
received by us on the automobile contracts that we acquire. Disruptions in the
market for asset-backed securities observed over the past year have resulted in
an increase in the interest rates we paid on the asset-backed securities that we
issued in our most recent securitization, as compared with prior transactions,
and may result in any future transaction's involving comparably high (or higher)
interest rates payable by us. Although we have attempted to offset increases in
our cost of funds by increasing fees we charge to dealers when purchasing
contracts, or in some cases, by demanding higher interest rates on contracts we
purchase, there can be no assurance that such price increases on our part will
fully offset increases in interest we pay to finance our managed
portfolio.
In
addition to the interest rates payable in our financing transactions, there are
other factors that affect our ability to manage interest rate risk.
Specifically, we are subject to interest rate risk during the period between
when automobile contracts are purchased from dealers and when such contracts are
sold and financed in a securitization or any alternate permanent financing
transaction. Interest rates on our warehouse credit facilities are adjustable
while the interest rates on the automobile contracts are fixed. Therefore, if
interest rates increase, the interest we must pay to the lenders under our
warehouse credit facilities is likely to increase while the interest realized by
us from those warehoused automobile contracts remains the same, and thus, during
the warehousing period, the excess spread cash flow received by us would likely
decrease. Additionally, contracts warehoused and then securitized during a
rising interest rate environment may result in less excess spread cash flow
realized by us under those securitizations as, historically, our securitization
facilities pay interest to security holders on a fixed rate basis set at
prevailing interest rates at the time of the closing of the securitization,
which may be several months after the securitized contracts were originated and
entered the warehouse, while our customers pay fixed rates of interest on the
contracts, set at the time they purchase the underlying vehicles. A decrease in
excess spread cash flow could adversely affect our earnings and cash
flow.
To
mitigate, but not eliminate, the short-term risk relating to interest rates
payable by us under the warehouse facilities, we have generally held automobile
contracts in the warehouse credit facilities for less than four months. The
disruptions in the market for asset-backed securities issued in securitizations
have caused us to lengthen that period, which has reduced the effectiveness of
this mitigation strategy. To mitigate, but not eliminate, the long-term risk
relating to interest rates payable by us in securitizations, we have in the
past, and intend to continue to, structure some of our securitization
transactions to include pre-funding structures, whereby the amount of securities
issued exceeds the amount of contracts initially sold into the securitization.
In pre-funding, the proceeds from the pre-funded portion are held in an escrow
account until we sell the additional contracts into the securitization in
amounts up to the balance of the pre-funded escrow account. In pre-funded
securitizations, we effectively lock in our borrowing costs with respect to the
contracts we subsequently sell into the securitization. However, we incur an
expense in pre-funded securitizations equal to the difference between the money
market yields earned on the proceeds
held in
escrow prior to subsequent delivery of contracts and the interest rate paid on
the securities issued in the securitization. The amount of such expense may
vary. Despite these mitigation strategies, an increase in prevailing interest
rates would cause us to receive less excess spread cash flows on automobile
contracts, and thus could adversely affect our earnings and cash
flows.
Item 2.
Unregistered Sales of Equity
Securities and Use of Proceeds
During
the three months ended September 30, 2008, we purchased a total of 318,822
shares of our common stock, as described in the following table:
Issuer
Purchases of Equity Securities
|
|
|
|
|
Total
Number of
|
|
Approximate
Dollar
|
|
Total
|
|
|
|
Shares
Purchased as
|
|
Value
of Shares that
|
|
Number
of
|
|
Average
|
|
Part
of Publicly
|
|
May
Yet be Purchased
|
|
Shares
|
|
Price
Paid
|
|
Announced
Plans or
|
|
Under
the Plans or
|
Period(1)
|
Purchased
|
|
per
Share
|
|
Programs(2)
|
|
Programs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
July
2008
|
162,565
|
|
$ 2.07
|
|
162,565
|
|
$ 2,945,574
|
August
2008
|
69,500
|
|
2.10
|
|
69,500
|
|
2,799,537
|
September
2008
|
86,757
|
|
1.94
|
|
86,757
|
|
2,631,385
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
318,822
|
|
$ 2.04
|
|
318,822
|
|
|
____________________
(1)
Each monthly period is the calendar month.
(2)
Our board of directors in January 2008 authorized the purchase of up to an
additional $5 million of our outstanding securities.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of
Security Holders
We held a
special meeting of shareholders on September 16, 2008. At the meeting, the
shareholders approved each of the two proposals. Those proposals were (i) to approve an
amendment to the Company's articles of incorporation, increasing the number of
authorized common shares from 30 million to 75 million, and (ii) to approve the
future issuance, in connection with the exercise of warrants issued to an
investor in the Company's June 30 private transaction, of 1,848,309 common
shares, such number subject to adjustment
pursuant to the anti-dilutive provisions of the warrants. Votes on the proposals
were cast as follows:
|
Amendment
to Articles of Incorporation
|
Approval
of Issuance of Shares upon exercise of Warrant
|
For
|
16,158,497
|
8,910,553
|
Against
|
803,019
|
578,385
|
Abstain
|
150,737
|
1,382,120
|
Broker
Non-votes
|
0
|
6,241,195
|
The
Exhibits listed below are filed with this report.
4.14
|
Instruments
defining the rights of holders of long-term debt of certain consolidated
subsidiaries of the registrant are omitted pursuant to the exclusion set
forth in subdivisions (b)(iv)(iii)(A) and (b)(v) of Item 601 of Regulation
S-K (17 CFR 229.601). The registrant agrees to provide copies
of such instruments to the United States Securities and Exchange
Commission upon request.
|
10.24
|
Purchase
and Sale Agreement re Motor Vehicle Contracts dated as of September 26,
2008 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.24 to the registrant's
report on Form 8-K/A filed November 7, 2008).
|
10.25
|
Transfer
and Servicing Agreement dated as of September 26, 2008 (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.25 to the registrant's report on Form 8-K/A filed
November 7, 2008).
|
31.1
|
Rule
13a-14(a) Certification of the Chief Executive Officer of the
registrant.
|
31.2
|
Rule
13a-14(a) Certification of the Chief Financial Officer of the
registrant.
|
32
|
Section
1350 Certifications.*
|
* These
Certifications shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to the
liability of that section. These Certifications shall not be deemed to be
incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended, or the Exchange Act, except to the extent that the registration
statement specifically states that such Certifications are incorporated
therein.
Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant duly
caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly
authorized.
CONSUMER PORTFOLIO SERVICES,
INC.
(Registrant)
Date:
November 7, 2008
By: /s/ CHARLES E.
BRADLEY, JR.
Charles E. Bradley, Jr.
President and Chief Executive
Officer
(Principal Executive
Officer)
Date:
November 7, 2008
By: /s/ JEFFREY P.
FRITZ
Jeffrey P. Fritz
Senior Vice President and Chief
Financial Officer
(Principal Financial
Officer)