LTM-2011-Q3 10Q
 




UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
_______________________________
FORM 10-Q
_______________________________
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2011
or
¨
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number: 001-32230
_______________________________


Life Time Fitness, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
_______________________________
Minnesota
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
41-1689746
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
 
 
2902 Corporate Place
Chanhassen, Minnesota
(Address of principal executive offices)
55317
(Zip Code)

952-947-0000
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
_______________________________

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes R No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes R No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.    
Large accelerated filer
R
Accelerated filer
¨
Non-accelerated filer
¨ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company
¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No R

The number of shares outstanding of the registrant's common stock as of October 17, 2011 was 42,341,575 common shares.
 
Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS
    
 
 
Page
 
 
Item 1.
 
 
 
 
 
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
 
 
 
 
 
Item 1.
Item 1A.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
Item 5.
Item 6.
 
 
 
SIGNATURES    



Table of Contents

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.    Financial Statements

LIFE TIME FITNESS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
 
September 30,
 
December 31,
 
2011
 
2010
ASSETS
(Unaudited)
 
 
CURRENT ASSETS:
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
12,433

 
$
12,227

Accounts receivable, net
6,347

 
5,806

Center operating supplies and inventories
20,525

 
17,281

Prepaid expenses and other current assets
18,741

 
13,318

Deferred membership origination costs
12,895

 
14,728

Deferred income taxes
4,606

 
3,628

Income tax receivable
—

 
9,916

Total current assets
75,547

 
76,904

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, net
1,614,071

 
1,570,234

RESTRICTED CASH
824

 
2,572

DEFERRED MEMBERSHIP ORIGINATION COSTS
8,361

 
7,251

GOODWILL
13,322

 
13,322

OTHER ASSETS
59,202

 
48,197

TOTAL ASSETS
$
1,771,327

 
$
1,718,480

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
 
 
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
 
 
 
Current maturities of long-term debt
$
5,047

 
$
7,265

Accounts payable
19,059

 
18,913

Construction accounts payable
23,165

 
24,342

Accrued expenses
61,116

 
50,802

Deferred revenue
32,565

 
32,095

Total current liabilities
140,952

 
133,417

LONG-TERM DEBT, net of current portion
559,640

 
605,279

DEFERRED RENT LIABILITY
34,438

 
32,187

DEFERRED INCOME TAXES
92,377

 
89,839

DEFERRED REVENUE
8,452

 
7,279

OTHER LIABILITIES
9,862

 
9,901

Total liabilities
845,721

 
877,902

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 6)


 


SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY:
 
 
 
Undesignated preferred stock, 10,000,000 shares authorized; none issued or outstanding


 


Common stock, $.02 par value, 75,000,000 shares authorized; 42,339,800 and 41,924,985 shares issued and outstanding, respectively
847

 
839

Additional paid-in capital
429,500

 
414,922

Retained earnings
497,561

 
424,787

Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income
(2,302
)
 
30

Total shareholders’ equity
925,606

 
840,578

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
$
1,771,327

 
$
1,718,480

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

LIFE TIME FITNESS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In thousands, except per share data)
(Unaudited)

 
For the Three Months Ended
 
For the Nine Months Ended
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
2011
 
2010
 
2011
 
2010
REVENUE:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Membership dues
$
171,504

 
$
155,288

 
$
496,530

 
$
453,332

Enrollment fees
4,403

 
6,078

 
14,290

 
18,577

In-center revenue
80,741

 
69,453

 
234,729

 
203,442

Total center revenue
256,648

 
230,819

 
745,549

 
675,351

Other revenue
8,773

 
7,493

 
17,211

 
13,820

Total revenue
265,421

 
238,312

 
762,760

 
689,171

OPERATING EXPENSES:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Center operations
159,307

 
145,205

 
465,513

 
424,940

Advertising and marketing
8,940

 
6,265

 
26,500

 
18,940

General and administrative
12,544

 
10,563

 
37,307

 
32,606

Other operating
9,392

 
7,289

 
23,397

 
17,146

Depreciation and amortization
25,358

 
23,402

 
73,645

 
69,385

Total operating expenses
215,541

 
192,724

 
626,362

 
563,017

Income from operations
49,880

 
45,588

 
136,398

 
126,154

OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest expense, net of interest income of $0, $10, $2 and $31, respectively
(5,072
)
 
(6,792
)
 
(15,273
)
 
(21,806
)
Equity in earnings of affiliate
346

 
302

 
973

 
906

Total other income (expense)
(4,726
)
 
(6,490
)
 
(14,300
)
 
(20,900
)
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES
45,154

 
39,098

 
122,098

 
105,254

PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES
18,163

 
15,720

 
49,324

 
42,156

NET INCOME
$
26,991

 
$
23,378

 
$
72,774

 
$
63,098

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BASIC EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE
$
0.67

 
$
0.59

 
$
1.81

 
$
1.59

DILUTED EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE
$
0.66

 
$
0.57

 
$
1.78

 
$
1.55

WEIGHTED AVERAGE NUMBER OF COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING – BASIC
40,421

 
39,932

 
40,313

 
39,597

WEIGHTED AVERAGE NUMBER OF COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING – DILUTED
40,868

 
41,260

 
40,810

 
40,783


See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.



4
Table of Contents

LIFE TIME FITNESS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)

 
For the Nine Months Ended
 
September 30,
 
2011
 
2010
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
 
 
 
Net income
$
72,774

 
$
63,098

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
73,645

 
69,385

Deferred income taxes
2,212

 
(1,100
)
Loss on disposal of property and equipment, net
687

 
979

Gain on land held for sale
—

 
(527
)
Amortization of deferred financing costs
1,784

 
2,024

Share-based compensation
9,913

 
5,412

Excess tax benefit related to share-based payment arrangements
(2,904
)
 
(1,697
)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities
20,033

 
8,930

Other
(822
)
 
(357
)
Net cash provided by operating activities
177,322

 
146,147

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
 
 
 
Purchases of property and equipment
(122,149
)
 
(86,132
)
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired
(7,293
)
 
(14,378
)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment
734

 
721

Proceeds from property insurance settlements
94

 
—

Proceeds from sale of land held for sale
—

 
1,019

Increase in other assets
(17
)
 
(578
)
Decrease in restricted cash
1,748

 
889

Net cash used in investing activities
(126,883
)
 
(98,459
)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
 
 
 
Repayments of long-term borrowings
(77,783
)
 
(38,067
)
Proceeds from revolving credit facility, net
27,800

 
12,500

Increase in deferred financing costs
(4,395
)
 
(258
)
Excess tax benefit related to share-based payment arrangements
2,904

 
1,697

Proceeds from stock option exercises
1,480

 
3,660

Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan
874

 
—

Stock purchased for employee stock purchase plan
(1,113
)
 
—

Net cash used in financing activities
(50,233
)
 
(20,468
)
INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
206

 
27,220

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS – Beginning of period
12,227

 
6,282

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS – End of period
$
12,433

 
$
33,502


See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.


5
Table of Contents
LIFE TIME FITNESS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Table amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)




1.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary to fairly present financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods have been included.
These interim consolidated financial statements and the related notes should be read in conjunction with the annual consolidated financial statements and notes included in the latest Form 10-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), which includes audited consolidated financial statements for the three fiscal years ended December 31, 2010.

2.
Share-Based Compensation
Stock Option and Incentive Plans
We have four share-based compensation plans, the Life Time Fitness, Inc. 1998 Stock Option Plan (the “1998 Plan”), the Amended and Restated Life Time Fitness, Inc. 2004 Long-Term Incentive Plan (the “2004 Plan”), the Life Time Fitness, Inc. 2011 Long-Term Incentive Plan (the “2011 Plan”) and an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”), collectively, the share-based compensation plans. We no longer make additional grants under the 1998 Plan and the 2004 Plan. There are 2,500,000 shares of common stock reserved for grant under the 2011 Plan and, as of September 30, 2011, there were 2,477,769 shares available for grant. The types of awards that may be granted under the 2011 Plan include incentive and non-qualified options to purchase shares of common stock, stock appreciation rights, restricted shares, restricted share units, performance awards and other types of share-based awards.
As of September 30, 2011, we had granted a total of 5,587,165 options to purchase common stock under all of the share-based compensation plans, of which options to purchase 497,406 shares were outstanding and vested, and a total of 3,319,784 restricted shares were granted, of which 1,908,650 restricted shares were outstanding and unvested. We use the term “restricted shares” to define nonvested shares granted to employees and non-employee directors, whereas applicable accounting guidance reserves that term for fully vested and outstanding shares whose sale is contractually or governmentally prohibited for a specified period of time.
Total share-based compensation expense included in our consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, was as follows:
 
For the Three Months Ended
 
For the Nine Months Ended
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
2011
 
2010
 
2011
 
2010
Share-based compensation expense related to stock options
$
—

 
$
3

 
$
—

 
$
41

Share-based compensation expense related to restricted shares
3,475

 
1,818

 
9,823

 
5,281

Share-based compensation expense related to ESPP
30

 
30

 
90

 
90

Total share-based compensation expense
$
3,505

 
$
1,851

 
$
9,913

 
$
5,412



6
Table of Contents
LIFE TIME FITNESS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Table amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)



Summary of Restricted Stock Activity

7
LIFE TIME FITNESS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Table amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)





Shares
 
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2010
1,917,873

 
$21.19
Granted
337,029

 
$38.32
Canceled
(1,202
)
 
$22.00
Vested
(323,230
)
 
$20.80
Outstanding at March 31, 2011
1,930,470

 
$24.25
Granted
22,521

 
$38.36
Canceled
(540
)
 
$21.09
Vested
(31,037
)
 
$30.84
Outstanding at June 30, 2011
1,921,414

 
$24.31
Granted
2,904

 
$37.65
Canceled
(2,677
)
 
$28.12
Vested
(12,991
)
 
$40.65
Outstanding at September 30, 2011
1,908,650

 
$24.21

During the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, we issued 362,454 and 415,945 shares of restricted stock, respectively, with an aggregate fair value of $13.9 million and $12.9 million, respectively. The grant date fair market value of restricted shares that vested during the nine months ended September 30, 2011 was $8.2 million. The total value of each restricted stock grant, based on the fair market value of the stock on the date of grant, is amortized to compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the related vesting period. As of September 30, 2011, there was $23.0 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to restricted stock that is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.7 years.
Special 2009 Restricted Stock Grant
In June 2009, the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors approved the grant of 996,000 shares of long-term performance-based restricted stock to serve as an incentive to our senior management team to achieve certain diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) targets in 2011 and 2012. In August 2010, an additional 20,000 shares of long-term performance-based restricted stock were granted to a new member of senior management using the same diluted EPS targets and vesting schedule. As of September 30, 2011, 907,000 of these shares were still outstanding. If a specified diluted EPS target is achieved for fiscal 2011, 50% of the restricted shares will vest. If a higher diluted EPS target is achieved for fiscal 2011, 100% of the restricted shares will vest. If the grant has not fully vested after fiscal 2011, 50% of the shares will vest if a specified diluted EPS target is achieved for fiscal 2012. If none of the shares vested after fiscal 2011, 100% of the shares will vest if a higher diluted EPS target is achieved for fiscal 2012. In the event that we do not achieve the required diluted EPS targets, the restricted stock will be forfeited. A maximum of $18.9 million could be recognized as compensation expense under this grant if all diluted EPS targets are met.
In fourth quarter 2010, we determined that achieving the 2011 diluted EPS targets required for vesting of 50% of the restricted shares (representing 453,500 shares of restricted stock) was probable. As a result, we recognized a cumulative, non-cash performance share-based compensation expense of $5.6 million in fourth quarter 2010 and $2.9 million in the first nine months of 2011. We anticipate recognizing the remaining portion of performance share-based compensation expense of approximately $1.0 million in the last quarter of 2011. We believe the higher diluted EPS targets, inclusive of compensation expense under this grant, to be aggressive goals in excess of our baseline expectations. The probability of reaching the targets is evaluated each reporting period. If it becomes probable that certain of the remaining target performance levels will be achieved, a cumulative adjustment will be recorded and future compensation expense will increase based on the currently projected performance levels. If we had determined that all of the targets had become probable on September 30, 2011, we would have recognized an additional $8.5 million cumulative compensation adjustment on that date. If we later determine that it is not probable that the minimum diluted EPS performance threshold for the grant vesting will be met, no further compensation cost will be recognized and any previously recognized compensation cost will be reversed. In accordance with the related accounting guidance, none of these restricted shares were included in our total diluted share count at September 30, 2011 or 2010.

8
Table of Contents
LIFE TIME FITNESS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Table amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)



Summary of Stock Option Activity
 
Shares
 
Weighted Average Exercise Price
 
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)
 
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2010
552,625

 
$23.30
 
3.8
 
 
Exercised
(28,964
)
 
$26.72
 
 
 
 
Canceled
—

 
$—
 
 
 
 
Outstanding at March 31, 2011
523,661

 
$23.11
 
3.6
 
 
Exercised
(10,905
)
 
$24.91
 
 
 
 
Canceled
—

 
$—
 
 
 
 
Outstanding at June 30, 2011
512,756

 
$23.07
 
3.3
 
 
Exercised
(15,350
)
 
$28.31
 
 
 
 
Canceled
—

 
$—
 
 
 
 
Outstanding at September 30, 2011
497,406

 
$22.91
 
3.1
 
$7,348
Vested at September 30, 2011
497,406

 
$22.91
 
3.1
 
$7,348

No stock options have been granted since 2007. As of September 30, 2011, there was no unrecognized compensation expense related to stock options, and all outstanding stock options were vested.
The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above at September 30, 2011 represents the total pretax intrinsic value (the difference between our closing stock price at September 30, 2011 and the exercise price, multiplied by the number of in-the-money options) that would have been received by the option holders, had all option holders exercised their options on September 30, 2011. This amount changes based on the fair market value of our stock. Total intrinsic value of options exercised during the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010 was $0.8 million and $2.7 million, respectively.
Our net cash proceeds from the exercise of stock options were $1.5 million and $3.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The actual income tax benefit realized from stock option exercises and restricted stock vesting was $2.9 million and $1.7 million, respectively, for those same periods. In accordance with the related accounting guidance, this tax benefit is presented as a financing cash inflow. There is a corresponding cash outflow included in cash flows from operating activities.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Our ESPP provides for the sale of up to 1,500,000 shares of our common stock to our employees at discounted purchase prices. The cost per share under this plan is 90% of the fair market value of our common stock on the last day of the purchase period, as defined. The current purchase period for employees under the ESPP began July 1, 2011 and ends December 31, 2011. Compensation expense under the ESPP is estimated based on the discount of 10% at the end of the purchase period. During the nine months ended September 30, 2011, $0.9 million was withheld from employees for the purpose of purchasing shares under the ESPP. There were 1,314,670 shares of common stock available for purchase under the ESPP as of September 30, 2011.
Share Repurchase Plans
In June 2006, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to 500,000 shares of our common stock from time to time in the open market or otherwise for the primary purpose of offsetting the dilutive effect of shares pursuant to our ESPP. During the first nine months of 2011, we repurchased 27,990 shares for approximately $1.1 million. As of September 30, 2011, there were 314,670 remaining shares authorized to be repurchased for this purpose. The shares repurchased to date have been purchased in the open market and, upon repurchase, became authorized, but unissued shares of our common stock.
In August 2011, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $60 million of our outstanding common stock from time to time through open market or privately negotiated transactions. The authorization to repurchase shares terminates when the aggregate repurchase amount totals $60 million or at the close of business on August 17, 2013, whichever comes earlier. The share repurchase program does not obligate us to repurchase any dollar amount or number of shares of our common stock and the program may be extended, modified, suspended or discontinued at any time. As of September 30, 2011, no shares have been repurchased under this program.

9
Table of Contents
LIFE TIME FITNESS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Table amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)





10
Table of Contents
LIFE TIME FITNESS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Table amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)



3.
Earnings per Share
Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income applicable to common shareholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding for each period. Diluted EPS is computed similarly to basic EPS, except that the denominator is increased for the conversion of any assumed exercise of dilutive stock options using the treasury stock method and unvested restricted stock awards using the treasury stock method. Stock options excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS because the option exercise price was greater than the average market price of the common share were 42,277 and 74,919 for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
The basic and diluted EPS calculations are shown below:
 
For the Three Months Ended
 
For the Nine Months Ended
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
2011
 
2010
 
2011
 
2010
Net income
$
26,991

 
$
23,378

 
$
72,774

 
$
63,098

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding – basic
40,421

 
39,932

 
40,313

 
39,597

Effect of dilutive stock options
170

 
195

 
171

 
160

Effect of dilutive restricted stock awards
277

 
1,133

 
326

 
1,026

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding – diluted
40,868

 
41,260

 
40,810

 
40,783

Basic earnings per common share
$
0.67

 
$
0.59

 
$
1.81

 
$
1.59

Diluted earnings per common share
$
0.66

 
$
0.57

 
$
1.78

 
$
1.55


4.
Reportable Segment
Our operations are conducted mainly through our distinctive and large, multi-use sports and athletic, professional fitness, family recreation and spa centers in a resort-like environment. We aggregate the activities of our centers and other ancillary products and services into one reportable segment. None of the centers or other ancillary products or services meets the quantitative thresholds for separate disclosure under the applicable accounting guidance. Each of the centers has similar economic characteristics and customers, and generally offers similar service and product offerings. Each of the other ancillary products and services either directly or indirectly, through advertising or branding, compliment the operations of the centers. Our chief operating decision maker uses EBITDA as the primary measure of operating segment performance.
The following table presents revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010:
 
For the Three Months Ended
 
For the Nine Months Ended
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
2011
 
2010
 
2011
 
2010
Membership dues
$
171,504

 
$
155,288

 
$
496,530

 
$
453,332

Enrollment fees
4,403

 
6,078

 
14,290

 
18,577

Personal training
36,629

 
31,839

 
110,709

 
96,680

Other in-center revenue
44,112

 
37,614

 
124,020

 
106,762

Other revenue
8,773

 
7,493

 
17,211

 
13,820

Total revenue
$
265,421

 
$
238,312

 
$
762,760

 
$
689,171




11
Table of Contents
LIFE TIME FITNESS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Table amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)



5.
Supplementary Cash Flow Information
Decreases (increases) in operating assets and increases (decreases) in operating liabilities are as follows:
 
For the Nine Months Ended
 
September 30,
 
2011
 
2010
Accounts receivable, net
$
(629
)
 
$
(1,380
)
Center operating supplies and inventories
(3,035
)
 
(1,132
)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
(3,838
)
 
(945
)
Income tax receivable
9,916

 
—

Deferred membership origination costs
722

 
5,467

Accounts payable
386

 
(291
)
Accrued expenses
13,187

 
11,373

Deferred revenue
2,251

 
(7,138
)
Deferred rent liability
1,094

 
2,407

Other liabilities
(21
)
 
569

Changes in operating assets and liabilities
$
20,033

 
$
8,930


We made cash payments for income taxes of $31.1 million and $38.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
We made cash payments for interest, net of capitalized interest, of $13.2 million and $19.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Capitalized interest was $0.8 million and $2.3 million for the same periods.
Construction accounts payable and accounts payable related to property and equipment was $23.2 million and $22.3 million at September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.

6.
Commitments and Contingencies
Litigation — We are engaged in proceedings incidental to the normal course of business. Due to their nature, such legal proceedings involve inherent uncertainties, including but not limited to, court rulings, negotiations between affected parties and governmental intervention. We have established reserves for matters that are probable and estimable in amounts we believe are adequate to cover reasonable adverse judgments not covered by insurance. Based upon the information available to us and discussions with legal counsel, it is our opinion that the outcome of the various legal actions and claims that are incidental to our business will not have a material adverse impact on the consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. Such matters, however, are subject to many uncertainties, and the outcome of any matter is not predictable with assurance.


12
Table of Contents
LIFE TIME FITNESS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Table amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)



7.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In October 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued guidance on revenue arrangements with multiple deliverables effective for us in fiscal 2011. The guidance revises the criteria for measuring and allocating consideration to each component of a multiple deliverable arrangement. The guidance requires companies to allocate revenue using the relative selling price of each deliverable, which must be estimated if the company does not have either a history of selling the deliverable on a standalone basis or third-party evidence of selling price. The implementation of the guidance did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

13
Table of Contents
LIFE TIME FITNESS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Table amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)




In September 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued guidance on goodwill impairment testing. The guidance is effective for us in fiscal 2012, although early adoption is permitted. The guidance allows companies to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform the two-step quantitative goodwill impairment test. An entity no longer will be required to calculate the fair value of a reporting unit unless the entity determines, based on a qualitative assessment, that it is more likely than not that its fair value is less than its carrying amount. The guidance also includes examples of the types of factors to consider in conducting the qualitative assessment. We do not expect the implementation of the guidance to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

8.
Long-Term Debt
Revolving Credit Facility
On June 30, 2011, we entered into a Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “revolving credit facility”) with U.S. Bank National Association, as administrative agent, and the other lenders from time to time party thereto, which amended and restated our Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement effective May 31, 2007. The material changes to the revolving credit facility increase the amount of the facility from $470.0 million to $660.0 million, which may be increased by an additional $240.0 million upon the exercise of an accordion feature by us if one or more lenders commit the additional $240.0 million, extension of the term of the facility to June 30, 2016, a change in the interest rate and a change in the primary financial covenants under the facility.
Mortgage Notes Payable to Real Estate Investment Trust
On April 4, 2011, we prepaid the ten mortgage notes payable to Starwood Property Mortgage Sub-1, L.L.C. at the par amount of $69.5 million primarily using our revolving credit facility. Concurrent with the prepayment, the mortgages were released on ten related centers.

9. Derivative Instruments
As part of our risk management program, we may periodically use interest rate swaps to manage known market exposures. Terms of derivative instruments are structured to match the terms of the risk being managed and are generally held to maturity.
In August 2011, we entered into an interest rate swap contract that effectively fixed the rates paid on a total of $200.0 million of variable rate borrowings at 1.32% plus the applicable spread (which depends on our EBITDAR leverage ratio) until June 2016. The contract has been designated a cash flow hedge against interest rate volatility. In accordance with applicable accounting guidance, changes in the fair market value of the swap contract are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income. As of September 30, 2011, the $1.2 million fair market value loss, net of tax, of the swap contract was recorded as accumulated other comprehensive loss in the shareholders’ equity section of our consolidated balance sheets and the $2.0 million gross fair market value of the swap contract was included in long-term debt.
On an ongoing basis, we assess whether the interest rate swap used in this hedging transaction is “highly effective” in offsetting changes in the fair value or cash flow of the hedged item by comparing the current terms of the swap and the debt to ensure they continue to coincide and through an evaluation of the continued ability of the counterparty to the swap to honor its obligations under the agreement. If we determine that the derivative is not highly effective as a hedge or hedge accounting is discontinued, any change in fair value of the derivative since the last date at which it was determined to be effective will be recognized in earnings.


14
Table of Contents
LIFE TIME FITNESS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Table amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)



10.
Fair Value Measurements
The carrying amounts related to cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, income tax receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate fair value due to the relatively short maturities of such instruments. The fair value of our long-term debt and capital leases are estimated based on estimated current rates for debt with similar terms, credit worthiness and the same remaining maturities. The fair value estimates presented are based on information available to us as of September 30, 2011. These fair value estimates have not been comprehensively revalued for purposes of these consolidated financial statements since that date, and current estimates of fair values may differ significantly.
The following table presents the carrying value and the estimated fair value of long-term debt:
 
September 30, 2011
 
Carrying Value
 
Estimated Fair Value
Fixed-rate debt
$
330,839

 
$
321,309

Obligations under capital leases
16,904

 
16,957

Floating-rate debt
216,944

 
223,819

Total
$
564,687

 
$
562,085

The accounting guidance established a framework for measuring fair value and expanded disclosures about fair value measurements. The guidance applies to all assets and liabilities that are measured and reported on a fair value basis. This enables the reader of the financial statements to assess the inputs used to develop those measurements by establishing a hierarchy for ranking the quality and reliability of the information used to determine fair values. The guidance requires that each asset and liability carried at fair value be classified into one of the following categories:
Level 1: Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2: Observable market based inputs or unobservable inputs that are corroborated by market data.
Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are not corroborated by market data.
We determined the fair value of the swap contract based upon current fair values as quoted by recognized dealers. As prescribed by the guidance, we recognize the fair value of the swap liability as a Level 2 valuation.

Item 2.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Forward-Looking Statements
The following discussion may contain forward-looking statements regarding us and our business, prospects and results of operations that are subject to certain risks and uncertainties posed by many factors and events that could cause our actual business, prospects and results of operations to differ materially from those that may be anticipated by such forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those described under “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this report. We undertake no obligation to revise any forward-looking statements in order to reflect events or circumstances that may subsequently arise. Readers are urged to carefully review and consider the various disclosures made by us in this report and in our other reports filed with the SEC that advise interested parties of the risks and factors that may affect our business.
The interim consolidated financial statements filed on this Form 10-Q and the discussions contained herein should be read in conjunction with the annual consolidated financial statements and notes included in the latest Annual Report on Form 10-K, as filed with the SEC, which includes audited consolidated financial statements for the three fiscal years ended December 31, 2010, and the latest Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as filed with the SEC.

15
Overview
We operate distinctive and large, multi-use sports and athletic, professional fitness, family recreation and spa centers in a resort-like environment. As of October 28, 2011, we operated 92 centers primarily in residential locations across 26 markets in 21 states under the LIFE TIME FITNESS and LIFE TIME ATHLETIC brands.
We compare the results of our centers based on how long the centers have been open at the most recent measurement period. We include a center’s revenue in the same-center revenue category for comparison purposes beginning on the first day of the 13th full calendar month of the center’s operation, prior to which time we refer to the center as a new center. We include an acquired center’s revenue in the same-center revenue category for comparison purposes beginning on the first day of the 13th full calendar month after we assumed the center’s operations. We also include a center’s revenue in the same-center revenue category for comparison purposes beginning on the first day of the 37th full calendar month of the center’s operations, which we refer to as a mature center. As we grow our presence in existing markets by opening new centers, we expect to attract some memberships away from our other existing centers in those markets, reducing revenue and initially lowering the memberships of those existing centers. Of the three new large format centers we opened in 2011, one is in an existing market. We do not expect that operating costs of our planned new centers will be significantly higher than centers opened in the past, and we also do not expect that the planned increase in the number of centers will have a material adverse effect on the overall financial condition or results of operations of existing centers.
In 1999, we formed Bloomingdale LIFE TIME Fitness, L.L.C. (“Bloomingdale LLC”) with two unrelated organizations for the purpose of constructing, owning and operating a center in Bloomingdale, Illinois. Bloomingdale LLC is accounted for using the equity method and is not consolidated in our financial statements.
We measure performance using such key operating statistics as member satisfaction ratings, return on investment, average center revenue per membership, including membership dues and enrollment fees, average in-center revenue per membership and center operating expenses, with an emphasis on payroll and occupancy costs, as a percentage of sales and same-center revenue growth. We use center revenue and EBITDA and EBITDAR margins to evaluate overall performance. In addition, we focus on several membership statistics on a center-level and system-wide basis. These metrics include change in center membership levels and growth of system-wide memberships, percentage center membership to target capacity, center membership usage, center membership mix among individual, couple and family memberships, Flex memberships and center attrition rates.
During 2008, our trailing 12-month attrition rate increased from 34.3% to 42.3% driven primarily by the slowing economy and inactive members leaving earlier than in the past. During 2009 and 2010, our trailing 12-month attrition rate decreased from 42.3% to 40.6% and from 40.6% to 36.3%, respectively. During the first nine months of 2011, our trailing 12-month attrition rate decreased from 36.3% to 35.3%. Over the past two years our attrition rate decreased due in part to increased programming focused on member engagement and center utilization.
We have three primary sources of revenue:
•
First, our largest source of revenue is membership dues (65.1% of total revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2011) and enrollment fees (1.9% of total revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2011) paid by our members. We recognize revenue from monthly membership dues in the month to which they pertain.
•
Second, we generate revenue within a center, which we refer to as in-center revenue, or in-center businesses (30.7% of total revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2011), including fees for personal training, registered dietitians, group fitness training and other member activities, sales of products at our LifeCafe, sales of products and services offered at our LifeSpa, tennis programs and renting space in certain of our centers.
•
Third, we have expanded the LIFE TIME FITNESS brand into other healthy way-of-life related offerings that generate revenue, which we refer to as other revenue, or corporate businesses (2.3% of total revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2011), including our media, total health and athletic events businesses. Our primary media offering is our magazine, Experience Life. Other revenue also includes two stand-alone restaurants in the Minneapolis market and rental income from our Highland Park, Minnesota office building.

16
We have five primary sources of operating expenses:
•
Center operations expenses consist primarily of salaries, commissions, payroll taxes, benefits, real estate taxes and other occupancy costs, utilities, repairs and maintenance, supplies, administrative support and communications to operate our centers.
•
Advertising and marketing expenses consist of our marketing department costs and media and advertising costs to support center membership levels, in-center businesses and our corporate businesses.
•
General and administrative expenses include costs relating to our centralized support functions, such as accounting, information systems, procurement, real estate and development and member relations.
•
Other operating expenses include the costs associated with our media, athletic events and nutritional product businesses, two restaurants and other corporate expenses, as well as gains or losses on our dispositions of assets.
•
Depreciation and amortization are computed primarily using the straight-line method over estimated useful lives of the assets. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful life of the improvement.
Our total operating expenses may vary from period to period depending on a variety of factors, including the number of new centers opened during that period, the number of centers engaged in presale activities and the performance of our in-center businesses.
Our primary capital expenditures relate to the construction of new centers and updating and maintaining our existing centers. The land acquisition, construction and equipment costs for a current model center can vary considerably based on variability in land cost, the cost of construction labor and the size or amenities of the center, including the addition of tennis facilities, an expanded gymnasium or other facilities. We perform maintenance and make improvements on our centers and equipment throughout each year. We conduct a more thorough remodeling project at each center approximately every four to six years.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S., or GAAP, requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Ultimate results could differ from those estimates. In recording transactions and balances resulting from business operations, we use estimates based on the best information available. We use estimates for such items as depreciable lives, probability of meeting certain performance targets and tax provisions. We also use estimates for calculating the amortization period for deferred enrollment fee revenues and associated direct costs, which are based on the historical estimated average membership life. We revise the recorded estimates when better information is available, facts change or we can determine actual amounts. These revisions can affect operating results.
Our critical accounting policies and use of estimates are discussed in and should be read in conjunction with the annual consolidated financial statements and notes included in the latest Form 10-K, as filed with the SEC, which includes audited consolidated financial statements for our three fiscal years ended December 31, 2010.

Results of Operations
The following table sets forth our statements of operations data as a percentage of total revenue and also sets forth other financial and operating data:

17
Table of Contents

 
For the Three Months Ended
 
For the Nine Months Ended
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
2011
 
2010
 
2011
 
2010
REVENUE:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Membership dues
64.6
 %
 
65.2
 %
 
65.1
 %
 
65.8
 %
Enrollment fees
1.7

 
2.6

 
1.9

 
2.7

In-center revenue
30.4

 
29.1

 
30.7

 
29.5

Total center revenue
96.7

 
96.9

 
97.7

 
98.0

Other revenue
3.3

 
3.1

 
2.3

 
2.0

Total revenue
100.0

 
100.0

 
100.0

 
100.0

OPERATING EXPENSES:


 


 


 


Center operations
60.0

 
60.9

 
61.0

 
61.7

Advertising and marketing
3.4

 
2.6

 
3.5

 
2.7

General and administrative
4.7

 
4.5

 
4.8

 
4.7

Other operating
3.5

 
3.1

 
3.1

 
2.5

Depreciation and amortization
9.6

 
9.8

 
9.7

 
10.1

Total operating expenses
81.2

 
80.9

 
82.1

 
81.7

Income from operations (operating profit)
18.8

 
19.1

 
17.9

 
18.3

OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE):


 


 


 


Interest expense, net
(1.9
)
 
(2.8
)
 
(2.0
)
 
(3.2
)
Equity in earnings of affiliate
0.1

 
0.1

 
0.1

 
0.2

Total other income (expense)
(1.8
)
 
(2.7
)
 
(1.9
)
 
(3.0
)
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES
17.0

 
16.4

 
16.0

 
15.3

PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES
6.8

 
6.6

 
6.5

 
6.1

NET INCOME
10.2
 %
 
9.8
 %
 
9.5
 %
 
9.2
 %
Other financial data:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Same-center revenue growth (open 13 months or longer) (1)
4.7
 %
 
6.6
 %
 
5.1
 %
 
4.7
 %
Same-center revenue growth (open 37 months or longer) (1)
4.1
 %
 
4.0
 %
 
4.2
 %
 
1.6
 %
Average center revenue per membership (2)
$
395

 
$
374

 
$
1,163

 
$
1,113

Average in-center revenue per membership (3)
$
124

 
$
112

 
$
366

 
$
335

Trailing 12-month attrition rate (4)
35.3
 %
 
37.1
 %
 
35.3
 %
 
37.1
 %
Quarterly attrition rate (5)
9.0
 %
 
9.6
 %
 
N/A

 
N/A

EBITDA (in thousands) (6)
$
75,584

 
$
69,292

 
$
211,016

 
$
196,445

EBITDA margin (7)
28.5
 %
 
29.1
 %
 
27.7
 %
 
28.5
 %
EBITDAR (in thousands) (6)
$
86,242

 
$
80,078

 
$
242,808

 
$
228,566

EBITDAR margin (8)
32.5
 %
 
33.6
 %
 
31.8
 %
 
33.2
 %
Capital expenditures (in thousands) (9)
$
39,126

 
$
37,968

 
$
122,149

 
$
86,132

Free cash flow (in thousands) (10)
$
19,685

 
$
7,471

 
$
55,173

 
$
60,015

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating data (end of period) (11):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Centers open
92

 
88

 
92

 
88

Memberships
653,300

 
622,698

 
653,300

 
622,698

Center square footage (12)
9,178,013

 
8,681,325

 
9,178,013

 
8,681,325



18
Table of Contents

(1)
Membership dues, enrollment fees and in-center revenue for a center are included in same-center revenue growth (open 13 months or longer) beginning on the first day of the thirteenth full calendar month of the center’s operation and are included in same-center revenue growth (open 37 months or longer) beginning on the first day of the thirty-seventh full calendar month of the center’s operation.
(2)
Average center revenue per membership is total center revenue for the period divided by an average number of memberships for the period, where the average number of memberships for the period is derived from dividing the sum of the total memberships outstanding at the end of each month during the period by the total number of months in the period.
(3)
Average in-center revenue per membership is total in-center revenue for the period divided by the average number of memberships for the period, where the average number of memberships for the period is derived from dividing the sum of the total memberships outstanding at the end of each month during the period by the total number of months in the period.
(4)
Trailing 12-month attrition rate (or annual attrition rate) is calculated as follows: total terminations for the trailing 12 months (excluding frozen memberships) divided into the average beginning month membership balance for the trailing 12 months.
(5)
Quarterly attrition rate is calculated as follows: total terminations for the quarter (excluding frozen memberships) divided into the average beginning month membership balance for the quarter.
(6)
EBITDA is a non-cash measure which consists of net income plus interest expense, net, provision for income taxes and depreciation and amortization. EBITDAR adds rent expense to EBITDA. These terms, as we define them, may not be comparable to a similarly titled measures used by other companies and are not measures of performance presented in accordance with GAAP. We use EBITDA and EBITDAR as measures of operating performance. EBITDA or EBITDAR should not be considered as a substitute for net income, cash flows provided by operating activities or other income or cash flow data prepared in accordance with GAAP. The funds depicted by EBITDA and EBITDAR are not necessarily available for discretionary use if they are reserved for particular capital purposes, to maintain debt covenants, to service debt or to pay taxes.
The following table provides a reconciliation of net income, the most directly comparable GAAP measure, to EBITDA and EBITDAR (in thousands):
 
For the Three Months Ended
 
For the Nine Months Ended
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
2011
 
2010
 
2011
 
2010
Net income
$
26,991

 
$
23,378

 
$
72,774

 
$
63,098

Interest expense, net
5,072

 
6,792

 
15,273

 
21,806

Provision for income taxes
18,163

 
15,720

 
49,324

 
42,156

Depreciation and amortization
25,358

 
23,402

 
73,645

 
69,385

EBITDA
$
75,584

 
$
69,292

 
$
211,016

 
$
196,445

Rent expense
10,658

 
10,786

 
31,792

 
32,121

EBITDAR
$
86,242

 
$
80,078

 
$
242,808

 
$
228,566


(7)
EBITDA margin is the ratio of EBITDA to total revenue.
(8)
EBITDAR margin in the ratio of EBITDAR to total revenue.
(9)
Capital expenditures represent investments in our new centers, costs related to updating and maintaining our existing centers and other infrastructure investments. For purposes of deriving capital expenditures from our cash flows statement, capital expenditures include our purchases of property and equipment, excluding purchases of property and equipment in accounts payable at year-end, property and equipment purchases financed through notes payable and capital lease obligations, and non-cash share-based compensation capitalized to projects under development.

19
Table of Contents

(10)
Free cash flow is a non-GAAP measure consisting of net cash provided by operating activities, less purchases of property and equipment. This term, as we define it, may not be comparable to a similarly titled measure used by other companies and does not represent the total increase or decrease in the cash balance presented in accordance with GAAP. We use free cash flow as a measure of cash generated after spending on property and equipment. The funds depicted by free cash flow are not necessarily available for discretionary use if they are reserved for particular capital purposes, to maintain debt covenants, to service debt or to pay taxes. Free cash flow should not be considered as a substitute for net cash provided by operating activities prepared in accordance with GAAP.
The following table provides a reconciliation of net cash provided by operating activities to free cash flow (in thousands):
 
For the Three Months Ended
 
For the Nine Months Ended
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
2011
 
2010
 
2011
 
2010
Net cash provided by operating activities
$
58,811

 
$
45,439

 
$
177,322

 
$
146,147

Less: Purchases of property and equipment
(39,126
)
 
(37,968
)
 
(122,149
)
 
(86,132
)
Free cash flow
$
19,685

 
$
7,471

 
$
55,173

 
$
60,015


(11)
The operating data presented in these items include the center owned by Bloomingdale LLC. The data presented elsewhere in this section exclude the center owned by Bloomingdale LLC.
(12)
The square footage presented in this table reflects fitness square footage which we believe is the best metric for the efficiencies of a facility. We exclude outdoor swimming pools, outdoor play areas, tennis courts and satellite facility square footage. These figures are approximations.
Three Months Ended September 30, 2011 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2010
Total revenue. Total revenue increased $27.1 million, or 11.4%, to $265.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2011, from $238.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2010.
Total center revenue grew $25.8 million, or 11.2%, to $256.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2011, from $230.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2010. Of the $25.8 million increase in total center revenue,
•
62.8% was from membership dues, which increased $16.2 million, or 10.4%, due to increased memberships, primarily at new and ramping centers, and higher average dues. Our number of memberships increased 4.9% to 653,300 at September 30, 2011 from 622,698 at September 30, 2010.
•
43.7% was from in-center revenue, which increased $11.3 million primarily as a result of increased sales of our LifeSpa and LifeCafe products and services and personal training. Average in-center revenue per membership increased from $112 for the three months ended September 30, 2010 to $124 for the three months ended September 30, 2011.
•
(6.5)% was from enrollment fees, which are deferred until a center opens and recognized on a straight-line basis over our estimated average membership life. In the first three quarters of 2011 and the fourth quarter of 2010, the estimated average membership life was 33 months. For the fourth quarter of 2008 through the third quarter of 2010, the estimated average membership life was 30 months. Enrollment fees decreased $1.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2011 to $4.4 million. The revenue recognized from enrollment fees is lower in the third quarter of 2011 as compared to the third quarter of 2010 primarily due to lower total enrollment fees over the deferral period.
Other revenue increased $1.3 million, or 17.1%, to $8.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2011, which was primarily due to growth in media and athletic event revenue.
Center operations expenses. Center operations expenses totaled $159.3 million, or 62.1% of total center revenue (or 60.0% of total revenue), for the three months ended September 30, 2011 compared to $145.2 million, or 62.9% of total center revenue (or 60.9% of total revenue), for the three months ended September 30, 2010. This $14.1 million increase primarily consisted of an increase of $8.4 million in additional payroll-related costs to support increased memberships and in-center revenue growth at our centers. Center operations expenses decreased as a percent of total revenue due primarily to leverage provided by dues growth.

20
Table of Contents

Advertising and marketing expenses. Advertising and marketing expenses were $8.9 million, or 3.4% of total revenue, for the three months ended September 30, 2011, compared to $6.3 million, or 2.6% of total revenue, for the three months ended September 30, 2010. These expenses increased primarily due to increased marketing activity to drive memberships and in-center businesses.
General and administrative expenses. General and administrative expenses were $12.5 million, or 4.7% of total revenue, for the three months ended September 30, 2011, compared to $10.6 million, or 4.5% of total revenue, for the three months ended September 30, 2010. This increase of $1.9 million is primarily related to share-based compensation for the special 2009 restricted stock grant, in addition to corporate initiatives to support our continued growth. For the three months ended September 30, 2011, share-based compensation expense related to the special 2009 restricted stock grant totaled $1.0 million of which $0.7 million was reported in general and administrative expenses.
Other operating expenses. Other operating expenses were $9.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2011, compared to $7.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2010. This increase is primarily due to the growth in our athletic events and our total health division and the associated infrastructure costs.
Depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization was $25.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2011, compared to $23.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2010.
Interest expense, net. Interest expense, net of interest income, was $5.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2011, compared to $6.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2010. This $1.7 million decrease was primarily the result of a reduction in debt levels as well as lower average interest rates on outstanding debt.
Provision for income taxes. The provision for income taxes was $18.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2011, compared to $15.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2010. This $2.5 million increase was due to an increase in income before income taxes of $6.1 million.
Net income. As a result of the factors described above, net income was $27.0 million, or 10.2% of total revenue, for the three months ended September 30, 2011 compared to $23.4 million, or 9.8% of total revenue, for the three months ended September 30, 2010.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2011 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2010
Total revenue. Total revenue increased $73.6 million, or 10.7%, to $762.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011, from $689.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2010.
Total center revenue grew $70.1 million, or 10.4%, to $745.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011, from $675.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2010. Of the $70.1 million increase in total center revenue,
•
61.5% was from membership dues, which increased $43.2 million, or 9.5%, due to increased memberships, primarily at new and ramping centers, and higher average dues. Our number of memberships increased 4.9% to 653,300 at September 30, 2011 from 622,698 at September 30, 2010.
•
44.6% was from in-center revenue, which increased $31.3 million primarily as a result of increased sales of our LifeSpa and LifeCafe products and services and personal training. Average in-center revenue per membership increased from $335 for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 to $366 for the nine months ended September 30, 2011.
•
(6.1)% was from enrollment fees, which are deferred until a center opens and recognized on a straight-line basis over our estimated average membership life. In the first three quarters of 2011 and the fourth quarter of 2010, the estimated average membership life was 33 months. For the fourth quarter of 2008 through the third quarter of 2010, the estimated average membership life was 30 months. Enrollment fees decreased $4.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 to $14.3 million. While the average enrollment fee was slightly higher in the first nine months of 2011 as compared to the first nine months of 2010, the revenue recognized from enrollment fees is lower in the first nine months of 2011 as compared to the first nine months of 2010. This decrease is primarily due to lower total enrollment fees over the deferral period.
Other revenue increased $3.4 million, or 24.5%, to $17.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011, which was primarily due to growth in media and athletic event revenue.

21
Table of Contents

Center operations expenses. Center operations expenses totaled $465.5 million, or 62.4% of total center revenue (or 61.0% of total revenue), for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 compared to $424.9 million, or 62.9% of total center revenue (or 61.7% of total revenue), for the nine months ended September 30, 2010. This $40.6 million increase primarily consisted of an increase of $26.0 million in additional payroll-related costs to support increased memberships and in-center revenue growth at our centers. Center operations expenses decreased as a percent of total revenue due primarily to leverage provided by dues growth.
Advertising and marketing expenses. Advertising and marketing expenses were $26.5 million, or 3.5% of total revenue, for the nine months ended September 30, 2011, compared to $18.9 million, or 2.7% of total revenue, for the nine months ended September 30, 2010. These expenses increased primarily due to increased marketing activity to drive memberships and in-center businesses.
General and administrative expenses. General and administrative expenses were $37.3 million, or 4.8% of total revenue, for the nine months ended September 30, 2011, compared to $32.6 million, or 4.7% of total revenue, for the nine months ended September 30, 2010. This increase of $4.7 million is primarily related to share-based compensation for the special 2009 restricted stock grant, in addition to corporate initiatives to support our continued growth. For the nine months ended September 30, 2011, share-based compensation expense related to the special 2009 restricted stock grant totaled $2.9 million, of which $2.2 million was reported in general and administrative expenses.
Other operating expenses. Other operating expenses were $23.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011, compared to $17.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2010. This increase is primarily due to the growth in our athletic events and our total health division and the associated infrastructure costs.
Depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization was $73.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011, compared to $69.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2010.
Interest expense, net. Interest expense, net of interest income, was $15.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011, compared to $21.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2010. This $6.5 million decrease was primarily the result of a reduction in debt levels as well as lower average interest rates on outstanding debt.
Provision for income taxes. The provision for income taxes was $49.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011, compared to $42.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2010. This $7.1 million increase was due to an increase in income before income taxes of $16.8 million and a higher effective income tax rate in the first nine months of 2011. The effective income tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 was 40.4% compared to 40.1% for the nine months ended September 30, 2010, driven by state tax changes.
Net income. As a result of the factors described above, net income was $72.8 million, or 9.5% of total revenue, for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 compared to $63.1 million, or 9.2% of total revenue, for the nine months ended September 30, 2010.


22
Table of Contents

Liquidity and Capital Resources
Liquidity
Historically, we have satisfied our liquidity needs through various debt arrangements, sales of equity and cash flow provided by operations. Our principal liquidity needs have included the development of new centers, debt service requirements and expenditures necessary to maintain and update our existing centers and associated fitness equipment and may include the acquisition and remodeling of centers we acquire from time to time, as well as acquisitions to support our in-center and corporate businesses. We believe that we can satisfy our current and longer-term debt service obligations and capital expenditure requirements primarily with cash flow from operations, by the extension of the terms of or refinancing our existing debt facilities, through sale-leaseback transactions and by continuing to raise long-term debt or equity capital, although there can be no assurance that such actions can or will be completed.
In the second quarter of 2011, we retired mortgage debt scheduled to mature in July 2011 and we amended, enlarged and extended our revolving credit facility to June 30, 2016. We expect to use the proceeds from the amended revolving credit facility for general corporate purposes, future center expansion and to help fund other growth initiatives.

23
Table of Contents

Our business model operates with negative working capital because we carry minimal accounts receivable due to our ability to have monthly membership dues paid by electronic draft, we defer enrollment fee revenue and we fund the construction of our new centers under standard arrangements with our vendors that are paid with cash flows from operations or the revolving credit facility.
The following table summarizes our capital structure as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010.
 
September 30,
 
December 31,
 
2011
 
2010
 
(In thousands)
Debt
 
 
 
Long-term debt
$
559,640

 
$
605,279

Current maturities of long-term debt
5,047

 
7,265

Total debt
564,687

 
612,544

Shareholders’ Equity
 
 
 
Common stock
847

 
839

Additional paid-in capital
429,500

 
414,922

Retained earnings
497,561

 
424,787

Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income
(2,302
)
 
30

Total shareholders’ equity
925,606

 
840,578

Total capitalization
$
1,490,293

 
$
1,453,122


Operating Activities
As of September 30, 2011, we had total cash and cash equivalents of $12.4 million. We also had $272.1 million available under the existing terms of our revolving credit facility as of September 30, 2011.
Net cash provided by operating activities was $177.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 compared to $146.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2010. This increase is primarily due to increased net income and changes in working capital.
Investing Activities
Investing activities consist primarily of purchasing real property, constructing new centers and purchasing new fitness equipment. In addition, we invest in capital expenditures to maintain and update our existing centers. We finance the purchase of our property and equipment by cash payments or by financing through notes payable or capital lease obligations.
Net cash used in investing activities was $126.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 compared to $98.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2010. The increase of $28.4 million was primarily due to increased construction activity on new centers.
Our capital expenditures were as follows:
 
For the Nine Months Ended
 
September 30,
 
2011
 
2010
 
(In thousands)
Purchases of property and equipment
$
122,149

 
$
86,132

Non-cash property purchases in construction accounts payable and accounts payable
(1,177
)
 
12,370

Other changes to property and equipment
(619
)
 
262

Total capital expenditures
$
120,353

 
$
98,764


24
Table of Contents

The following schedule reflects capital expenditures by type of expenditure:
 
For the Nine Months Ended
 
September 30,
 
2011
 
2010
 
(In thousands)
New center land and construction
$
78,395

 
$
72,626

Initial remodels of acquired centers
2,213

 
2,553

Maintenance of existing facilities and centralized infrastructure
39,745

 
23,585

Total capital expenditures
$
120,353

 
$
98,764


At September 30, 2011, we had purchased the real property for two and entered into a ground lease for one of the three large format centers we opened in 2011, and we had purchased real property for one and entered into a ground lease for two of the large format centers that we plan to open after 2011. Construction in progress, including land purchased for future development, totaled $61.0 million at September 30, 2011 and $132.5 million at September 30, 2010.
We expect our capital expenditures to be approximately $150 million to $160 million in 2011, including approximately $28 million to $38 million in the remaining three months of 2011. Of this approximately $28 million to $38 million, we expect to incur approximately $20 million to $25 million for new center construction and approximately $8 million to $13 million for the updating of existing centers and corporate infrastructure. We plan to fund these capital expenditures primarily with cash flow from operations.
Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities was $50.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 compared to $20.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2010. The increase of $29.7 million was primarily due to the prepayment of mortgage notes payable, as discussed below.
Long-term debt consists of the following:
 
September 30,
 
December 31,
 
2011
 
2010
 
(In thousands)
Revolving credit facility, interest only due monthly at interest rates ranging from LIBOR plus 1.25% to 2.25% or base plus 0.25% to 1.25%, facility expires June 2016 and interest rates ranging from LIBOR plus 0.625% to 1.50% or base plus 0.0%, facility expires May 2012, respectively
$
382,000

 
$
354,200

Term notes payable with monthly interest and principal payments totaling $836 including interest at 8.25% to July 2011
—

 
70,925

Term notes payable with monthly interest and principal payments totaling $632 including interest at 6.03% to February 2017
98,882

 
100,000

Other
66,901

 
69,772

Total debt (excluding obligations under capital leases)
547,783

 
594,897

Obligations under capital leases
16,904

 
17,647

Total debt
564,687

 
612,544

Less current maturities
5,047

 
7,265

Total long-term debt
$
559,640

 
$
605,279



25
Table of Contents

Revolving Credit Facility
On June 30, 2011, we entered into a Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “revolving credit facility”) with U.S. Bank National Association, as administrative agent, and the other lenders from time to time party thereto, which amended and restated our Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement effective May 31, 2007. The material changes to the revolving credit facility increase the amount of the facility from $470.0 million to $660.0 million, which may be increased by an additional $240.0 million upon the exercise of an accordion feature by us if one or more lenders commit the additional $240.0 million, extend the term of the facility to June 30, 2016 and change the primary financial covenants under the facility as described below. Interest on the amounts borrowed under the U.S. Bank Facility continues to be based on (i) a base rate, which is the greater of (a) U.S. Bank's prime rate, (b) the federal funds rate plus 50 basis points, and (c) the one-month adjusted Eurodollar rate plus 150 basis points, or (ii) an adjusted Eurodollar rate, plus, in either case (i) or (ii), the applicable margin within a range based on our consolidated leverage ratio. In connection with the amendment and restatement of the revolving credit facility, the applicable margin ranges were set at a range from 25 basis points to 125 basis points for base rate borrowings (from 0 basis points in the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement) and a range from 125 basis points to 225 basis points for Eurodollar borrowings (from a range of 62.5 basis points to 150 basis points in the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement).
As of September 30, 2011, $382.0 million was outstanding on the revolving credit facility, plus $5.9 million related to letters of credit, leaving $272.1 million available for additional borrowing under the revolving credit facility.
The weighted average interest rate and debt outstanding under the revolving credit facility for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 was 1.7% and $355.6 million, respectively. The weighted average interest rate and debt outstanding under the revolving credit facility for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 was 3.2% and $348.3 million, respectively.
Mortgage Notes Payable to Real Estate Investment Trust
On April 4, 2011, we prepaid the ten mortgage notes payable to Starwood Property Mortgage Sub-1, L.L.C. at the par amount of $69.5 million. Concurrent with the prepayment, the mortgages were released on ten related centers.
Debt Covenants
We are in compliance in all material respects with all restrictive and financial covenants under our various credit facilities as of September 30, 2011.
Our primary financial covenants under the revolving credit facility as of December 31, 2010 were:
 
 
 
Actual as of
 
 
 
December 31,
Covenant
Requirement
 
2010
Total Consolidated Debt to Adjusted EBITDAR
Not more than 4.00 to 1.00
 
2.98 to 1.00
Senior Debt to Adjusted EBITDA
Not more than 3.25 to 1.00
 
1.63 to 1.00
Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio
Not less than 1.60 to 1.00
 
2.71 to 1.00
The formulas for these covenants are specifically defined in the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement and include, among other things, an add back of share-based compensation expense to EBITDAR and EBITDA.
The Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement eliminated the previously used Senior Debt to Adjusted EBITDA covenant and added an Unencumbered Asset Ratio covenant. Our primary financial covenants under the revolving credit facility as of September 30, 2011 are:
 
 
 
Actual as of
 
 
 
September 30,
Covenant
Requirement
 
2011
Total Consolidated Debt to Adjusted EBITDAR
Not more than 4.00 to 1.00
 
2.51 to 1.00
Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio
Not less than 1.50 to 1.00
 
3.34 to 1.00
Unencumbered Asset Ratio
Not less than 1.30 to 1.00
 
3.16 to 1.00
The formulas for these covenants are specifically defined in the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement and include, among other things, an add back of share-based compensation expense to EBITDAR.

26
Table of Contents


Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
We invest our excess cash in highly liquid short-term investments. These investments are not held for trading or other speculative purposes. Changes in interest rates affect the investment income we earn on our cash and cash equivalents and, therefore, impact our consolidated cash flows and consolidated results of operations. As of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, our net floating rate indebtedness was approximately $216.9 million and $387.6 million, respectively. If long-term floating interest rates were to have increased by 100 basis points during the nine months ended September 30, 2011, our interest costs would have increased by approximately $2.7 million. If short-term interest rates were to have increased by 100 basis points during the nine months ended September 30, 2011, our interest income from cash equivalents would have increased by less than $0.1 million. These amounts are determined by considering the impact of the hypothetical interest rates on our floating rate indebtedness and cash equivalents balances at September 30, 2011.

Item 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
As of the end of the period covered by this report, an evaluation was carried out under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act). Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer concluded that the design and operation of these disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in applicable rules and forms, and is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation required by Rule 13a-15 or 15d-15 of the Exchange Act that occurred during the period covered by this report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Not applicable.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Not applicable.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities in Third Quarter 2011
Period
Total Number of Shares Purchased
 
Average Price Paid per Share
 
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plan (1)
 
Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under the Plan (1)
July 1-31, 2011
14,450
 
$39.23
 
14,450
 
314,670
August 1-31, 2011
—
 
$—
 
—
 
314,670
September 1-30, 2011
—
 
$—
 
—
 
314,670
Total
14,450
 
$39.23
 
14,450
 
314,670

27
Table of Contents

(1)
In June 2006, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of 500,000 shares of our common stock from time to time in the open market or otherwise for the primary purpose of offsetting the dilutive effect of shares issued pursuant to our Employee Stock Purchase Plan. In August 2011, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $60 million of our outstanding common stock from time to time through open market or privately negotiated transactions. As of September 30, 2011, no shares have been repurchased under this program.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
Not applicable.

ITEM 4. (REMOVED AND RESERVED)

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
Not applicable.

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
Exhibits filed with this report
Exhibit No.
Description
 
Method of Filing
3.1
Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Registrant.
 
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Form 8-K dated April 20, 2009 (File No. 001-32230).
3.2
Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant.
 
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to Amendment No. 2 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-113764), filed with the Commission on May 21, 2004.
4
Specimen of common stock certificate.
 
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4 to Amendment No. 4 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement of Form S-1 (File No. 333-113764), filed with the Commission on June 23, 2004.
31.1
Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification by Principal Executive Officer.
 
Filed Electronically.
31.2
Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification by Principal Financial Officer.
 
Filed Electronically.
32
Section 1350 Certifications.
 
Filed Electronically.
101
The following materials from Life Time Fitness’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2011, formatted in eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) consolidated balance sheets, (ii) consolidated statements of operations, (iii) consolidated statements of cash flows, and (iv) notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.
 
Filed Electronically.



28
Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, Life Time Fitness, Inc. has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on October 28, 2011.

LIFE TIME FITNESS, INC.
By:

/s/ Bahram Akradi
 
Name: Bahram Akradi
Title: Chairman of the Board of Directors, President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer and Director)
 
 
By:

/s/ Michael R. Robinson
 
Name: Michael R. Robinson
Title: Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
 
 
By:

/s/ John M. Hugo
 
Name: John M. Hugo
Title: Vice President and Corporate Controller
(Principal Accounting Officer)




29
Table of Contents


INDEX TO EXHIBITS
Exhibit No.
Description
 
Method of Filing
3.1
Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Registrant.
 
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Form 8-K dated April 20, 2009 (File No. 001-32230).
3.2
Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant.
 
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to Amendment No. 2 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-113764), filed with the Commission on May 21, 2004.
4
Specimen of common stock certificate.
 
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4 to Amendment No. 4 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement of Form S-1 (File No. 333-113764), filed with the Commission on June 23, 2004.
31.1
Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification by Principal Executive Officer.
 
Filed Electronically.
31.2
Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification by Principal Financial Officer.
 
Filed Electronically.
32
Section 1350 Certifications.
 
Filed Electronically.
101
The following materials from Life Time Fitness’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2011, formatted in eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) consolidated balance sheets, (ii) consolidated statements of operations, (iii) consolidated statements of cash flows, and (iv) notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.
 
Filed Electronically.


30