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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND NOTES TABLE OF CONTENTS

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2013

Commission file number 1-9924

Citigroup Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
  52-1568099
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

399 Park Avenue, New York, NY
(Address of principal executive offices)

 

10022
(Zip code)

(212) 559-1000
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

        Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý    No o

        Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ý    No o

        Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ý   Accelerated filer o   Non-accelerated filer o
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
  Smaller reporting company o

        Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o    No ý

        Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock as of the latest practicable date:

Common stock outstanding as of September 30, 2013: 3,033,000,777

Available on the web at www.citigroup.com

   


CITIGROUP INC
THIRD QUARTER 2013—FORM 10-Q

OVERVIEW

    5  

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

   
7
 

Executive Summary

   
7
 

Summary of Selected Financial Data

   
11
 

SEGMENT AND BUSINESS—INCOME (LOSS) AND REVENUES

   
13
 

CITICORP

   
15
 

Global Consumer Banking

   
16
 

North America Regional Consumer Banking

   
17
 

EMEA Regional Consumer Banking

   
19
 

Latin America Regional Consumer Banking

   
21
 

Asia Regional Consumer Banking

   
23
 

Institutional Clients Group

   
25
 

Securities and Banking

   
26
 

Transaction Services

   
29
 

Corporate/Other

   
31
 

CITI HOLDINGS

   
32
 

BALANCE SHEET REVIEW

   
34
 

CAPITAL RESOURCES AND LIQUIDITY

   
38
 

Capital Resources

   
38
 

Funding and Liquidity

   
47
 

OFF-BALANCE-SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

   
55
 

MANAGING GLOBAL RISK

   
55
 

CREDIT RISK

   
56
 

Loans Outstanding

   
56
 

Details of Credit Loss Experience

   
57
 

Non-Accrual Loans and Assets and Renegotiated Loans

   
59
 

North America Consumer Mortgage Lending

   
63
 

North America Cards

   
75
 

Consumer Loan Details

   
76
 

Corporate Credit Details

   
78
 

MARKET RISK

   
80
 

COUNTRYAND CROSS-BORDER RISK

   
92
 

Country Risk

   
92
 

Cross-Border Risk

   
100
 

FAIR VALUE ADJUSTMENTS FOR DERIVATIVES AND STRUCTURED DEBT

   
101
 

CREDIT DERIVATIVES

   
102
 

INCOME TAXES

   
104
 

DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

   
105
 

DISCLOSURE PURSUANT TO SECTION 219 OF THE IRAN THREAT REDUCTION AND SYRIA HUMAN RIGHTS ACT

   
105
 

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

   
106
 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND NOTES TABLE OF CONTENTS

   
108
 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

   
109
 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

   
115
 

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

   
244
 

UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY, PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES, DIVIDENDS

   
245
 

2



CITIGROUP INC.
RISK, CAPITAL AND FUNDING AND LIQUIDITY DISCLOSURES

 
  Third Quarter 2013
Form 10-Q
  2012
Form 10-K
 
 
  Page Reference(s)  

CAPITAL RESOURCES

             

Overview

    38     41  

Current Regulatory Capital Guidelines

    38 - 44     41 - 42, 45 - 46  

Basel III

    41 - 44     43 - 44  

Regulatory Capital Standards and Developments

    44 - 45     47 - 49  

Tangible Common Equity and Tangible Book Value Per Share

    46     45  

FUNDING AND LIQUIDITY

             

Overview

    47     50  

High Quality Liquid Assets

    48     50 - 51  

Deposits

    49     51  

Long-Term Debt

    49 - 50     52 - 54  

Secured Financing Transactions and Short-Term Borrowings

    51     54 - 55  

Liquidity Management, Measures and Stress Testing

    51     55 - 56  

Credit Ratings

    53 - 54     56 - 57  

RISK FACTORS

             

Regulatory Risks

          60 - 63  

Market and Economic Risks

          63 - 65  

Liquidity Risks

          65 - 66  

Legal Risks

          66 - 67  

Business and Operational Risks

          67 - 71  

MANAGING GLOBAL RISK

             

Risk Management—Overview

    55     72  

Risk Aggregation and Stress testing

          73  

Risk Capital

          73  

CREDIT RISK

             

Credit Risk Management and Stress Testing

          74  

Loans Outstanding

    56     75  

Details of Credit Loss Experience and Allowance for Loan Losses

    57 - 58     76 - 77  

Non-Accrual Loans and Assets and Renegotiated Loans

    59 - 62     78 - 81  

North America Consumer Mortgage Lending and Cards

    63 - 75     83 - 97  

Consumer Loan Details

    76 - 77     98 - 99  

Corporate Credit Details

    78 - 79     100 - 101  

MARKET RISK(1)

             

Market Risk Management and Stress Testing

          102  

Price Risk—Non-Trading Portfolios

    80 - 81     102 - 103  

Price Risk—Trading Portfolios

    82 - 83     104 - 106  

OPERATIONAL RISK

             

Operational Risk Management and Stress Testing

          112  

COUNTRY AND CROSS-BORDER RISK

             

Country Risk

    92 - 99     113 - 119  

Cross-Border Risk

    100     120 - 122  

(1)
For further information regarding market risk and related metrics, refer to Citi's Basel II.5 market risk disclosures on its Investor Relations website (www.citigroup.com/citi/investor/reg.htm).

3


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4



OVERVIEW

        Citigroup's history dates back to the founding of Citibank in 1812. Citigroup's original corporate predecessor was incorporated in 1988 under the laws of the State of Delaware. Following a series of transactions over a number of years, Citigroup Inc. was formed in 1998 upon the merger of Citicorp and Travelers Group Inc.

        Citigroup is a global diversified financial services holding company whose businesses provide consumers, corporations, governments and institutions with a broad range of financial products and services, including consumer banking and credit, corporate and investment banking, securities brokerage, transaction services and wealth management. Citi has approximately 200 million customer accounts and does business in more than 160 countries and jurisdictions.

        Citigroup currently operates, for management reporting purposes, via two primary business segments: Citicorp, consisting of Citi's Global Consumer Banking businesses and Institutional Clients Group; and Citi Holdings. For a further description of the business segments and the products and services they provide, see "Citigroup Segments" below, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

        Throughout this report, "Citigroup," "Citi" and "the Company" refer to Citigroup Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

        This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with Citigroup's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012 filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on March 1, 2013 (2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K) and Citigroup's Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, 2013 and June 30, 2013 filed with the SEC on May 3, 2013 (First Quarter of 2013 Form 10-Q) and August 2, 2013 (Second Quarter of 2013 Form 10-Q), respectively. Additional information about Citigroup is available on Citi's website at www.citigroup.com. Citigroup's recent annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, proxy statements, as well as other filings with the SEC, are available free of charge through Citi's website by clicking on the "Investors" page and selecting "All SEC Filings." The SEC's website also contains current reports, information statements, and other information regarding Citi at www.sec.gov.

        Within this Form 10-Q, please refer to the tables of contents on pages 2, 3 and 108 for page references to Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, respectively.

        Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior periods' financial statements to conform to the current period's presentation. For information on certain recent such reclassifications, see Citi's Forms 8-K furnished to the SEC on April 5, 2013 and June 28, 2013.

5



As described above, Citigroup is managed pursuant to the following segments:

GRAPHIC

        The following are the four regions in which Citigroup operates. The regional results are fully reflected in the segment results above.

GRAPHIC

6


MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Third Quarter of 2013 Summary Results

        Citi's results for the third quarter of 2013 reflected a challenging operating environment, including a slow-down in market activity within Securities and Banking due to macroeconomic uncertainties, including potential changes in U.S. government monetary policy, slowing economic growth, particularly in the emerging markets, and, as expected, significantly lower mortgage origination volumes in North America. Citi's results also continued to be negatively impacted by ongoing spread compression(1) globally, impacting its Global Consumer Banking (GCB) and Transaction Services businesses, as well as continued regulatory changes in certain of its GCB markets. Citi expects these factors will continue to negatively affect the operating environment during the remainder of 2013, and thus its results of operations.

        Legal and related expenses remained elevated as Citi continues to work through its "legacy" legal issues within Citi Holdings. Legal and related expenses are likely to remain elevated and somewhat volatile as Citi works through these challenges, although Citi was able to resolve an additional portion of its legacy representation and warranty issues during the third quarter of 2013, with its announced agreement with Freddie Mac (see "Managing Global Risk—Credit Risk—Citigroup—Residential Mortgages—Representations and Warranties" below).

Citigroup

        Citigroup reported third quarter of 2013 net income of $3.2 billion, or $1.00 per diluted share, compared to $468 million, or $0.15 per diluted share, in the third quarter of 2012. Results for the third quarter of 2013 included a negative credit valuation adjustment (CVA) on derivatives (counterparty and own-credit), net of hedges, and debt valuation adjustment (DVA) on Citi's fair value option debt of $336 million ($208 million after-tax), compared to negative $776 million ($485 million after-tax) in the third quarter of 2012, reflecting the tightening of Citi's credit spreads. Results in the third quarter of 2013 also included a $176 million tax benefit, compared to a $582 million tax benefit in the prior-year period, each of which related to the resolution of certain tax audit items and were recorded in Corporate/Other. Third quarter of 2012 results also included a pre-tax loss of $4.7 billion ($2.9 billion after-tax) related to the Morgan Stanley Smith Barney joint venture (MSSB).(2)

        Excluding CVA/DVA and the tax benefit in both periods as well as the third quarter of 2012 MSSB loss,(3) Citigroup net income remained unchanged as compared to the prior-year period at $3.3 billion, as lower operating expenses and lower credit costs were offset by lower revenues and a higher tax rate (30% in the third quarter of 2013 as compared to a 26% tax rate on a comparable basis in the prior-year period). Earnings per share of $1.02 decreased 4% compared to $1.06 in the prior-year period, including the impact of higher preferred dividends in the third quarter of 2013 ($110 million in the third quarter of 2013, compared to $4 million in the third quarter of 2012).

        Citi's revenues, net of interest expense, were $17.9 billion in the third quarter of 2013, up 30% versus the prior-year period. Excluding CVA/DVA and the third quarter of 2012 MSSB loss, revenues were $18.2 billion, down 5% compared to the prior-year period, as revenues in Citicorp declined by 7% but Citi Holdings revenues increased by 28%. Net interest revenues of $11.5 billion were 2% lower than the prior-year period, as declines in Citicorp, driven by the ongoing impact of spread compression and the impact of foreign exchange translation into U.S. dollars for reporting purposes (as used throughout this report, FX translation),(4) were partially offset by an increase in Citi Holdings. Non-interest revenues were $6.4 billion, up $4.4 billion from the prior-year period, driven by the absence of the third quarter of 2012 MSSB loss. Excluding CVA/DVA in both periods and the third quarter of 2012 MSSB loss, non-interest revenues of $6.7 billion were 10% lower than the prior-year period, mostly reflecting lower revenues in GCB and Securities and Banking.

Operating Expenses

        Citigroup operating expenses decreased 4% versus the prior-year period to $11.7 billion. Citi incurred legal and related expenses of $677 million (compared to $529 million in the prior-year period), primarily in Citi Holdings, and repositioning charges of $133 million in the third quarter of 2013 (compared to $95 million in the prior-year period), primarily in Citicorp. Excluding legal and related expenses, repositioning charges and the impact of FX translation, Citi's operating expenses were $10.8 billion, a 4% reduction versus the prior-year period. This expense decline reflected repositioning savings as well as lower performance-based compensation and lower transaction costs reflecting the challenging revenue environment in the quarter.

        Citicorp's expenses were $10.3 billion, down 6% from the prior-year period, primarily reflecting ongoing expense control initiatives, lower performance-based compensation, lower legal and related expenses and the impact of FX translation. Citicorp legal and related expenses were $84 million in the third quarter of 2013, compared to $279 million in the prior-year period.

        Citi Holdings operating expenses increased 16% from the prior-year period to $1.4 billion, principally due to the higher

   


(1)
As used throughout this report, spread compression refers to the reduction in net interest revenue as a percentage of loans or deposits, as applicable, as driven by either lower yields on interest-earning assets or higher costs to fund such assets (or a combination thereof).

(2)
The MSSB loss consisted of (i) a pre-tax loss on Citigroup's sale of a 14% interest in MSSB to Morgan Stanley of $1.4 billion pre-tax ($800 million after-tax) and (ii) an other-than-temporary impairment of the carrying value of Citigroup's then-remaining 35% interest in MSSB of $3.3 billion pre-tax ($2.1 billion after-tax).

(3)
Citigroup's results of operations, excluding the impact of CVA/DVA, the tax benefits and the MSSB loss, are non-GAAP financial measures. Citi believes the presentation of its results of operations excluding these items provides a more meaningful depiction of the underlying fundamentals of its businesses.

(4)
FX translation decreased both reported revenues and operating expenses by approximately $200 million in the third quarter of 2013 as compared to the prior-year period. For the impact of FX translation on third quarter of 2013 results of operations for each of EMEA Regional Consumer Banking (RCB), Latin America RCB, Asia RCB and Transaction Services, see the table accompanying the discussion of each respective business' results of operations below.

7


legacy legal and related expenses. Citi Holdings legal and related expenses were $593 million in the third quarter of 2013, compared to $250 million in the prior-year period. Excluding legal and related costs, Citi Holdings operating expenses declined 16% versus the prior-year period.

Credit Costs and Loan Loss Reserve Positions

        Citi's credit performance remained favorable in the third quarter of 2013. Total provisions for credit losses and for benefits and claims of $2.0 billion declined 25% from the prior-year period. Net credit losses of $2.4 billion were down 38% from the third quarter of 2012. Consumer net credit losses declined 38% to $2.3 billion. Citigroup's Consumer net credit losses in the third quarter 2012 included approximately $635 million of incremental mortgage charge-offs required by OCC guidance regarding the treatment of mortgage loans where the borrower has gone through Chapter 7 bankruptcy, recorded in Citi Holdings. These incremental charge-offs were substantially offset by a related reserve release of approximately $600 million. Excluding these incremental charge-offs, Citi's Consumer net credit losses declined 26%, principally reflecting improvements in North America mortgages in Citi Holdings. Corporate net credit losses were $96 million in the third quarter of 2013, compared to $117 million in the prior-year period.

        The net release of allowance for loan losses and unfunded lending commitments was $675 million in the third quarter of 2013, 55% lower than the prior-year period which included the loan loss reserve release in Citi Holdings relating to the previously mentioned impact of OCC guidance. Excluding this incremental reserve release in the third quarter of 2012, Citi's net loan loss reserve release in the third quarter of 2013 decreased by 25% from the prior-year period.

        The $675 million net release in the third quarter of 2013 reflected a $737 million net reserve release in Consumer, partially offset by a $62 million net reserve build in Corporate. Of the $675 million net reserve release, $679 million was attributable to Citi Holdings. Within Citi Holdings, $725 million of the reserve release related to North America mortgages, including an approximate $300 million release driven by continued improvement in delinquencies and home prices, partially offset by losses on asset sales. Citicorp recorded a reserve build of $4 million, compared to a reserve release of $689 million in the prior-year period, primarily reflecting a lower reserve release in North America RCB, due to a continued reduction in North America cards releases, as well as reserve builds in Latin America RCB and in Securities and Banking (for additional information, see the discussion of each business' results of operations below).

        Citigroup's total allowance for loan losses was $20.6 billion at quarter end, or 3.2% of total loans, compared to $25.9 billion, or 4.0%, at the end of the prior-year period. The decline in the total allowance for loan losses reflected asset sales, lower non-accrual loans, and overall continued improvement in the credit quality of Citi's loan portfolios.

        The Consumer allowance for loan losses was $17.9 billion, or 4.6% of total Consumer loans, at quarter end, compared to $23.1 billion, or 5.7% of total loans, at September 30, 2012. Total non-accrual assets decreased 23% to $9.8 billion as compared to September 30, 2012. Corporate non-accrual loans declined 10% to $2.2 billion, and Consumer non-accrual loans declined 26%, to $7.2 billion, each versus the prior-year period.

Capital

        Citi continued to grow its regulatory capital during the third quarter of 2013, primarily through net income and continued utilization of its deferred tax assets (DTAs) (for additional information on Citi's DTAs, see "Income Taxes" below). Citigroup's Basel I Tier 1 Capital and Tier 1 Common ratios were 13.6% and 12.7% as of September 30, 2013, compared to 13.2% and 12.2%, respectively, at June 30, 2013. Citi's estimated Tier 1 Common ratio under Basel III was 10.5% at the end of the third quarter of 2013, up from an estimated 10.0% at June 30, 2013, calculated based on the "advanced approaches" for determining total risk-weighted assets under the final U.S. Basel III rules and proposed U.S. Basel III rules, respectively. Citi's estimated Basel III Supplementary Leverage Ratio for the third quarter of 2013 was 5.1%, compared to 4.9% at June 30, 2013.(5)

Citicorp(6)

        Citicorp net income decreased 17% from the prior-year period to $3.3 billion. CVA/DVA in Securities and Banking was a negative $332 million (negative $206 million after-tax), compared to a negative $799 million (negative $499 million after-tax) in the prior-year period. Excluding CVA/DVA and the tax benefits described above in both periods, Citicorp net income decreased 15% from the prior-year period to $3.4 billion, driven by lower revenues and a lower loan loss reserve release, partially offset by the lower operating expenses and lower net credit losses.

        Citicorp revenues, net of interest expense, were $16.6 billion in the third quarter of 2013, down 4% versus the prior-year period. Excluding CVA/DVA, Citicorp revenues were $17.0 billion in the quarter, down 7% from the prior-year period, driven by declines in Global Consumer Banking and Securities and Banking revenues, while Transaction Services revenues were unchanged.

        Global Consumer Banking revenues were $9.2 billion in the third quarter of 2013, a decline of 7% versus the prior-year period. North America RCB revenues of $4.7 billion declined 12% from the prior-year period, driven by a 35% decline in retail banking revenues with total cards revenues (Citi-branded cards and Citi retail services) remaining unchanged. The decline in retail banking revenues primarily reflected the lower mortgage origination revenues as well as the impact of ongoing spread compression, partially offset by 8% growth in average deposits and 4% growth in average loans versus the prior-year period. With respect to cards, improved net interest spreads were offset by continued lower average balances. Citi-branded cards revenues were unchanged at $2.1 billion, as a 4% decline in average cards loans was offset by continued improvement in net interest spreads. Citi retail services revenues declined 1% to $1.5 billion, reflecting the continued negative impact of higher

   


(5)
Citi's estimated Basel III Tier 1 Common ratio and estimated Basel III Supplementary Leverage ratio as of September 30, 2013 are calculated under the final U.S. Basel III rules whereas these ratios as of June 30, 2013 are based on the proposed U.S. Basel III Rules (Basel III NPR). Citi's estimated Basel III Tier 1 Common ratio, Supplementary Leverage ratio and certain related components are non-GAAP financial measures. For additional information on these measures, see "Capital Resources and Liquidity—Capital Resources" below.

(6)
Citicorp includes Citi's three operating businesses—Global Consumer Banking, Securities and Banking and Transaction Services—as well as Corporate/Other. See "Citicorp" below for additional information on the results of operations for each of the businesses in Citicorp.

8


contractual partner share payments due to the impact of improving credit trends. Total card purchase sales increased 3% versus the prior-year period.

        International GCB revenues (consisting of Asia RCB, Latin America RCB and EMEA RCB) declined 1% versus the prior-year period. Excluding the impact of FX translation, international GCB revenues grew 2%, driven by 6% revenue growth in Latin America RCB as volume growth offset the impact of spread compression. Growth in Latin America RCB was partially offset by a 3% decline in EMEA RCB, reflecting the previously-announced market exits over the past year, and a 2% decline in Asia RCB. In Asia RCB, the decline in revenues was driven by spread compression as well as the continued impact of regulatory changes in certain countries, most significantly Korea. Citi expects these factors to negatively impact revenues in Asia RCB throughout 2014. Despite these headwinds, most underlying business metrics showed continued momentum in the third quarter of 2013. International GCB average retail loans increased 6% versus the prior-year period, investment sales grew 1%, average card loans(7) grew 1%, and card purchase sales(7) grew 8%, all excluding the impact of FX translation.

        Securities and Banking revenues were $4.7 billion in the third quarter of 2013, down 2% from the prior-year period. Excluding CVA/DVA,(8)Securities and Banking revenues of $5.1 billion decreased 10% from the prior-year period, driven principally by declines in fixed income markets and investment banking revenues. Citi expects Securities and Banking results of operations will likely continue to reflect the overall market environment.

        Fixed income markets revenues of $2.8 billion, excluding CVA/DVA, decreased 26% from the prior-year period reflecting lower volumes and the impact of the uncertain macroeconomic environment. Sequentially, fixed income markets revenues declined 17%, reflecting the slowdown in market activity given the uncertain macroeconomic environment as well as Citi's actions to reduce risk given increased volatility in the emerging markets. Equity markets revenues of $710 million, excluding CVA/DVA, increased 36% from the prior-year period, reflecting market share gains as well as improved derivatives trading performance. Sequentially, equity market revenues declined 25% as cash equity revenues generally declined in line with overall market volumes and trading performance was weaker in derivatives.

        Investment banking revenues declined 10% from the prior-year period to $839 million, reflecting challenging overall market conditions in the current quarter, driven primarily by declines in debt underwriting and advisory revenues, partially offset by growth in equity underwriting. Private Bank revenues of $614 million, excluding CVA/DVA, increased 1% from the prior-year period, driven by investment products, but were down 5% sequentially primarily due to lower capital markets activity. Lending revenues increased to $230 million from $167 million in the prior-year period, reflecting $147 million of mark-to-market losses on hedges related to accrual loans as credit spreads tightened less significantly during the third quarter of 2013 (compared to a $252 million loss in the prior-year period). Excluding the mark-to-market impact of hedges related to accrual loans, core lending revenues declined 10% to $377 million versus the prior-year period, primarily driven by lower volumes.

        Transaction Services revenues were $2.6 billion, unchanged compared to the prior-year period. Excluding the impact of FX translation, Transaction Services revenues increased 2% versus the prior-year period, as fee income growth was partially offset by a decline in net interest revenues driven by continued spread compression. Treasury and Trade Solutions and Securities and Fund Services revenues were each unchanged on a reported basis as compared to the prior-year period. Excluding the impact of FX translation, Treasury and Trade Solutions revenues increased 1%, as volume and fee growth was partially offset by the ongoing impact of spread compression globally. Securities and Fund Services revenues increased 3% excluding the impact of FX translation, as higher settlement volumes and fees were partially offset by lower net interest spreads. Despite the continued negative impact of spread compression on revenues in Transaction Services, underlying volumes continued to grow, with average deposits and other customer liability balances up 4% and assets under custody up 9%, each versus the prior-year period.

        Citicorp end of period loans increased 5% from the prior-year period to $561 billion,(7) with 3% growth in Consumer loans, including the impact of adding approximately $7 billion of loans related to the previously-announced acquisition of Best Buy's U.S. credit card portfolio in the third quarter of 2013, and 8% growth in Corporate loans, including the impact of adding approximately $7 billion of previously unconsolidated assets in the second quarter of 2013, as previously disclosed.

Citi Holdings

        During the third quarter of 2013, Citi continued to make progress on its goal of reducing the negative impact of Citi Holdings on Citi's overall results of operations. Citi Holdings net loss was $104 million in the third quarter of 2013, compared to a net loss of $3.6 billion in the third quarter of 2012. Excluding CVA/DVA(9) as well as the third quarter of 2012 MSSB loss, Citi Holdings net loss decreased to $102 million compared to a net loss of $670 million in the prior-year period, as higher revenues and lower net credit losses were partially offset by higher operating expenses and lower loan loss reserve release. While the net loss in Citi Holdings continued to improve during the current quarter, Citi expects the results of operations for Citi Holdings could fluctuate going forward, based on episodic gains or losses resulting from the continued wind down of the assets, the volatility of legal and related expenses and the likely absence of the third quarter of 2013 loan loss reserve release related to improved delinquencies and home prices.

        Citi Holdings revenues increased by $4.9 billion to $1.3 billion from the prior-year period. Excluding CVA/DVA and the third quarter of 2012 MSSB loss, Citi Holdings revenues increased 28% to $1.3 billion versus the prior-year period, mostly driven by the absence of residential mortgage repurchase reserve builds for representation and warranty claims in the third quarter of 2013. Net interest revenues increased 14% to $776

   


(7)
Adjusted to exclude Credicard loans of $3.2 billion in third quarter of 2012; Credicard was moved to discontinued operations in Corporate/Other as of the second quarter of 2013. For additional information, see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

(8)
For the summary of CVA/DVA by business within Securities and Banking for the third quarter of 2013 and comparable periods, see "Citicorp—Institutional Clients Group" below.

(9)
CVA/DVA in Citi Holdings was negative $4 million in the third quarter of 2013, compared to $23 million in the prior-year period.

9


million versus the prior-year period due to lower funding costs. Non-interest revenues, excluding CVA/DVA as well as the third quarter of 2012 MSSB loss, increased 59% from the prior-year period to $480 million due to the absence of the residential mortgage repurchase reserve build.

        Citi Holdings end of period assets declined 29% from the prior-year period to $122 billion at the end of the third quarter of 2013 (for additional information on the components of the asset decline during the current quarter, see "Citi Holdings" below). At the end of the quarter, Citi Holdings assets comprised approximately 6% of total Citigroup GAAP assets, 11% of risk-weighted assets (as defined under current regulatory guidelines), and 19% of estimated risk-weighted assets under Basel III (calculated based on the advanced approaches for determining total risk-weighted assets under the final U.S. Basel III rules).

10


RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

SUMMARY OF SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA—Page 1



 
Citigroup Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiaries

 

 


 

Third Quarter

 

 


 

Nine Months

 

 


 
 
  %
Change
  %
Change
 
In millions of dollars, except per-share amounts and ratios   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Net interest revenue

  $ 11,511   $ 11,711     (2 )% $ 34,823   $ 34,770     %

Non-interest revenue

    6,369     1,992     NM     23,763     16,441     45  
                           

Total revenues, net of interest expense

  $ 17,880   $ 13,703     30 % $ 58,586   $ 51,211     14 %

Operating expenses

    11,655     12,092     (4 )   36,062     36,265     (1 )

Provisions for credit losses and for benefits and claims

    1,959     2,620     (25 )   6,442     8,216     (22 )
                           

Income from continuing operations before income taxes

  $ 4,266   $ (1,009 )   NM   $ 16,082   $ 6,730     NM  

Income taxes

    1,080     (1,494 )   NM     4,777     221     NM  
                           

Income from continuing operations

  $ 3,186   $ 485     NM   $ 11,305   $ 6,509     74 %

Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of taxes(1)

    92     8     NM     89     27     NM  
                           

Net income before attribution of noncontrolling interests

  $ 3,278   $ 493     NM   $ 11,394   $ 6,536     74 %

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests

    51     25     NM     177     191     (7 )
                           

Citigroup's net income

  $ 3,227   $ 468     NM   $ 11,217   $ 6,345     77 %
                           

Less:

                                     

Preferred dividends—Basic

  $ 110   $ 4     NM   $ 123   $ 17     NM  

Dividends and undistributed earnings allocated to employee restricted and deferred shares that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends, applicable to Basic EPS

    61     11     NM     217     138     57 %
                           

Income allocated to unrestricted common shareholders for Basic EPS

  $ 3,056   $ 453     NM   $ 10,877   $ 6,190     76 %

Add: Interest expense, net of tax, and dividends on convertible securities and adjustment of undistributed earnings allocated to employee restricted and deferred shares that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends, applicable to diluted EPS

        2     NM     2     10     NM  
                           

Income allocated to unrestricted common shareholders for diluted EPS

  $ 3,056   $ 455     NM   $ 10,879   $ 6,200     75 %

Earnings per share

                                     

Basic

                                     

Income from continuing operations

    0.98     0.15     NM     3.55     2.11     68  

Net income

    1.01     0.15     NM     3.58     2.12     69  
                           

Diluted

                                     

Income from continuing operations

  $ 0.98   $ 0.15     NM   $ 3.55   $ 2.05     73 %

Net income

    1.00     0.15     NM     3.57     2.06     73  

Dividends declared per common share

    0.01     0.01     %   0.03     0.03      
                           

Statement continues on the next page, including notes to the table.

11


SUMMARY OF SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA—Page 2

Citigroup Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiaries
 
 
  Third Quarter    
  Nine Months    
 
 
  %
Change
  %
Change
 
In millions of dollars, except per-share amounts, ratios and direct staff
  2013   2012   2013   2012  

At September 30:

                                     

Total assets

  $ 1,899,511   $ 1,931,346     (2 )%                  

Total deposits

    955,460     944,644     1                    

Long-term debt

    221,593     271,862     (18 )                  

Citigroup common stockholders' equity

    195,603     186,465     5                    

Total Citigroup stockholders' equity

    200,846     186,777     8                    

Direct staff (in thousands)

    252     262     (4 )                  
                           

Ratios

                                     

Return on average assets

    0.69 %   0.10 %         0.80 %   .044 %      

Return on average common stockholders' equity(3)

    6.42 %   0.99 %         7.83 %   4.62 %      

Return on average total stockholders' equity(3)

    6.48 %   1.00 %         7.70 %   4.63 %      

Efficiency ratio

    65 %   88 %         62 %   71 %      
                           

Tier 1 Common(4)(5)

    12.68 %   12.73 %                        

Tier 1 Capital(5)

    13.64 %   13.92 %                        

Total Capital(5)

    16.68 %   17.12 %                        

Leverage(6)

    8.13 %   7.39 %                        
                           

Citigroup common stockholders' equity to assets

    10.30 %   9.65 %                        

Total Citigroup stockholders' equity to assets

    10.57     9.67                          

Dividend payout ratio(2)

    1.0     6.7                          

Book value per common share

  $ 64.49   $ 63.59     1                    

Ratio of earnings to fixed charges and preferred stock dividends

    2.02x     0.80x           2.25x     1.41x        
                           

(1)
Discontinued operations for 2013 and 2012 includes the announced sale of Citi's Brazil Credicard business and the sale of the Egg Banking PLC credit card business. Discontinued operations in 2013 also includes the carve-out of Citi's liquid strategies business within Citi Capital Advisors. Discontinued operations in 2013 and 2012 also reflect the sale of the Egg Banking PLC credit card business. Discontinued operations in the third quarter of 2013 also includes the tax benefit related to the conclusion of the audit of Citi's Consumer German tax group. For additional information, see "Income Taxes" and Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

(2)
Dividends declared per common share as a percentage of net income per diluted share.

(3)
The return on average common stockholders' equity is calculated using net income less preferred stock dividends divided by average common stockholders' equity. The return on average total Citigroup stockholders' equity is calculated using net income divided by average Citigroup stockholders' equity.

(4)
As currently defined by the U.S. banking regulators, the Tier 1 Common ratio represents Tier 1 Capital less non-common elements, including qualifying perpetual preferred stock, qualifying noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries and qualifying trust preferred securities divided by risk-weighted assets.

(5)
Third quarter of 2013 Basel I capital ratios reflect the final (revised) U.S. market risk capital rules (Basel II.5) that were effective on January 1, 2013.

(6)
The leverage ratio represents Tier 1 Capital divided by quarterly adjusted average total assets.

12


SEGMENT AND BUSINESS—INCOME (LOSS) AND REVENUES

        The following tables show the income (loss) and revenues for Citigroup on a segment and business view:


CITIGROUP INCOME

 
  Third Quarter    
  Nine Months    
 
 
  %
Change
  %
Change
 
In millions of dollars   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Income (loss) from continuing operations

                                     

CITICORP

                                     

Global Consumer Banking

                                     

North America

  $ 932   $ 1,277     (27 )% $ 3,169   $ 3,748     (15 )%

EMEA

    19     6     NM     54     6     NM  

Latin America

    289     374     (23 )   1,040     1,084     (4 )

Asia

    386     450     (14 )   1,235     1,400     (12 )
                           

Total

  $ 1,626   $ 2,107     (23 )% $ 5,498   $ 6,238     (12 )%
                           

Securities and Banking

                                     

North America

  $ 420   $ 292     44 % $ 2,421   $ 1,028     NM  

EMEA

    133     348     (62 )   1,365     1,227     11  

Latin America

    257     352     (27 )   919     985     (7 )

Asia

    193     193         1,035     756     37  
                           

Total

  $ 1,003   $ 1,185     (15 )% $ 5,740   $ 3,996     44 %
                           

Transaction Services

                                     

North America

  $ 113   $ 120     (6 )% $ 403   $ 368     10 %

EMEA

    255     268     (5 )   707     885     (20 )

Latin America

    173     154     12     516     509     1  

Asia

    251     280     (10 )   744     846     (12 )
                           

Total

  $ 792   $ 822     (4 )% $ 2,370   $ 2,608     (9 )%
                           

Institutional Clients Group

  $ 1,795   $ 2,007     (11 )% $ 8,110   $ 6,604     23 %
                           

Corporate/Other

  $ (137 ) $ (76 )   (80 )% $ (847 ) $ (854 )   1 %
                           

Total Citicorp

  $ 3,284   $ 4,038     (19 )% $ 12,761   $ 11,988     6 %
                           

Citi Holdings

  $ (98 ) $ (3,553 )   97 % $ (1,456 ) $ (5,479 )   73 %
                           

Income from continuing operations

  $ 3,186   $ 485     NM   $ 11,305   $ 6,509     74 %
                           

Discontinued operations

  $ 92   $ 8     NM   $ 89   $ 27     NM  

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests

    51     25     NM     177     191     (7 )
                           

Citigroup's net income

  $ 3,227   $ 468     NM   $ 11,217   $ 6,345     77 %
                           

NM Not meaningful

13



CITIGROUP REVENUES

 
  Third Quarter    
  Nine Months    
 
 
  %
Change
  %
Change
 
In millions of dollars   2013   2012   2013   2012  

CITICORP

                                     

Global Consumer Banking

                                     

North America

  $ 4,738   $ 5,368     (12 )% $ 14,900   $ 15,636     (5 )%

EMEA

    359     374     (4 )   1,091     1,101     (1 )

Latin America

    2,276     2,190     4     6,914     6,473     7  

Asia

    1,862     1,983     (6 )   5,790     5,933     (2 )
                           

Total

  $ 9,235   $ 9,915     (7 )% $ 28,695   $ 29,143     (2 )%
                           

Securities and Banking

                                     

North America

  $ 1,835   $ 1,533     20 % $ 7,404   $ 4,992     48 %

EMEA

    1,268     1,517     (16 )   5,307     5,088     4  

Latin America

    640     780     (18 )   2,157     2,233     (3 )

Asia

    1,006     1,017     (1 )   3,700     3,347     11  
                           

Total

  $ 4,749   $ 4,847     (2 )% $ 18,568   $ 15,660     19 %
                           

Transaction Services

                                     

North America

  $ 614   $ 619     (1 )% $ 1,907   $ 1,921     (1 )%

EMEA

    873     844     3     2,655     2,625     1  

Latin America

    447     442     1     1,361     1,330     2  

Asia

    679     714     (5 )   2,028     2,215     (8 )
                           

Total

  $ 2,613   $ 2,619     % $ 7,951   $ 8,091     (2 )%
                           

Institutional Clients Group

  $ 7,362   $ 7,466     (1 )% $ 26,519   $ 23,751     12 %
                           

Corporate/Other

  $ 31   $ 1     NM   $ 127   $ 176     (28 )%
                           

Total Citicorp

  $ 16,628   $ 17,382     (4 )% $ 55,341   $ 53,070     4 %
                           

Citi Holdings

  $ 1,252   $ (3,679 )   NM   $ 3,245   $ (1,859 )   NM  
                           

Total Citigroup net revenues

  $ 17,880   $ 13,703     30 % $ 58,586   $ 51,211     14 %
                           

NM Not meaningful

14


CITICORP

        Citicorp is Citigroup's global bank for consumers and businesses and represents Citi's core franchises. Citicorp is focused on providing best-in-class products and services to customers and leveraging Citigroup's unparalleled global network, including many of the world's emerging economies. Citicorp is physically present in approximately 100 countries, many for over 100 years, and offers services in over 160 countries and jurisdictions. Citi believes this global network provides a strong foundation for servicing the broad financial services needs of its large multinational clients and for meeting the needs of retail, private banking, commercial, public sector and institutional clients around the world. At September 30, 2013, Citicorp had approximately $1.8 trillion of assets and $914 billion of deposits, representing 94% of Citi's total assets and 96% of Citi's total deposits, respectively.

        Citicorp consists of the following operating businesses: Global Consumer Banking (which consists of Regional Consumer Banking in North America, EMEA, Latin America and Asia) and Institutional Clients Group (which includes Securities and Banking and Transaction Services). Citicorp also includes Corporate/Other.

 
  Third Quarter    
  Nine Months    
 
 
  %
Change
  %
Change
 
In millions of dollars except as otherwise noted   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Net interest revenue

  $ 10,735   $ 11,031     (3 )% $ 32,510   $ 32,786     (1 )%

Non-interest revenue

    5,893     6,351     (7 )   22,831     20,284     13  
                           

Total revenues, net of interest expense

  $ 16,628   $ 17,382     (4 )% $ 55,341   $ 53,070     4 %
                           

Provisions for credit losses and for benefits and claims

                                     

Net credit losses

  $ 1,795   $ 2,090     (14 )% $ 5,581   $ 6,376     (12 )%

Credit reserve build (release)

    (104 )   (664 )   84     (722 )   (2,029 )   64  
                           

Provision for loan losses

  $ 1,691   $ 1,426     19 % $ 4,859   $ 4,347     12 %

Provision for benefits and claims

    51     65     (22 )   160     172     (7 )

Provision (release) for unfunded lending commitments

    108     (25 )   NM     116     (11 )   NM  
                           

Total provisions for credit losses and for benefits and claims

  $ 1,850   $ 1,466     26 % $ 5,135   $ 4,508     14 %
                           

Total operating expenses

  $ 10,275   $ 10,905     (6 )% $ 31,633   $ 32,626     (3 )%
                           

Income from continuing operations before taxes

  $ 4,503   $ 5,011     (10 )% $ 18,573   $ 15,936     17 %

Provisions for income taxes

    1,219     973     25     5,812     3,948     47  
                           

Income from continuing operations

  $ 3,284   $ 4,038     (19 )% $ 12,761   $ 11,988     6 %

Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of taxes

    92     8     NM     89     27     NM  

Noncontrolling interests

    45     25     80     165     188     (12 )
                           

Net income

  $ 3,331   $ 4,021     (17 )% $ 12,685   $ 11,827     7  
                           

Balance sheet data (in billions of dollars)

                                     

Total end-of-period (EOP) assets

  $ 1,778   $ 1,760     1 %                  

Average assets

    1,729     1,725       $ 1,738   $ 1,709     2 %

Return on average assets

    0.76 %   0.93 %         0.98 %   0.93 %      

Efficiency ratio (Operating expenses/Total revenues)

    62 %   63 %         57 %   61 %      

Total EOP loans

    561     537     5                    

Total EOP deposits

    914     878     4                    
                           

NM Not meaningful

15



GLOBAL CONSUMER BANKING

        Global Consumer Banking (GCB) consists of Citigroup's four geographical Regional Consumer Banking (RCB) businesses that provide traditional banking services to retail customers through retail banking, commercial banking, Citi-branded cards and Citi retail services. GCB is a globally diversified business with approximately 3,777 branches in 36 countries around the world as of September 30, 2013.

        For the quarter ended September 30, 2013, GCB had $391 billion of average assets and $324 billion of average deposits. Citi's strategy is to focus on the top 150 cities globally that it believes have the highest growth potential in consumer banking. Consistent with this strategy, as announced in the fourth quarter of 2012 as part of its repositioning efforts, Citi intends to optimize its branch footprint and further concentrate its presence in major metropolitan areas. As of September 30, 2013, Citi had consumer banking operations in approximately 120, or 80%, of these cities.

 
  Third Quarter    
  Nine Months    
 
 
  %
Change
  %
Change
 
In millions of dollars except as otherwise noted   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Net interest revenue

  $ 7,106   $ 7,204     (1 )% $ 21,349   $ 21,378     0 %

Non-interest revenue

    2,129     2,711     (21 )   7,346     7,765     (5 )
                           

Total revenues, net of interest expense

  $ 9,235   $ 9,915     (7 )% $ 28,695   $ 29,143     (2 )%
                           

Total operating expenses

  $ 5,048   $ 5,271     (4 )% $ 15,388   $ 15,534     (1 )%
                           

Net credit losses

  $ 1,730   $ 1,948     (11 )% $ 5,424   $ 6,168     (12 )%

Credit reserve build (release)

    (85 )   (515 )   83     (662 )   (2,024 )   67  

Provisions (release) for unfunded lending commitments

    15     1     NM     39          

Provision for benefits and claims

    51     65     (22 )   160     173     (8 )
                           

Provisions for credit losses and for benefits and claims

  $ 1,711   $ 1,499     14 % $ 4,961   $ 4,317     15 %
                           

Income from continuing operations before taxes

  $ 2,476   $ 3,145     (21 )% $ 8,346   $ 9,292     (10 )%

Income taxes

    850     1,038     (18 )   2,848     3,054     (7 )
                           

Income from continuing operations

  $ 1,626   $ 2,107     (23 )% $ 5,498   $ 6,238     (12 )%

Noncontrolling interests

    4     3     33     15     3     NM  
                           

Net income

  $ 1,622   $ 2,104     (23 )% $ 5,483   $ 6,235     (12 )%
                           

Balance Sheet data (in billions of dollars)

                                     

Average assets

  $ 391   $ 389     1 % $ 394   $ 386     2 %

Return on assets

    1.65 %   2.17 %         1.87 %   2.18 %      

Efficiency ratio

    55 %   53 %         54 %   53 %      

Total EOP assets

    401     395     2                    

Average deposits

    324     324         327     320     2  

Net credit losses as a percentage of average loans

    2.40 %   2.74 %         2.55 %   2.92 %      
                           

Revenue by business

                                     

Retail banking

  $ 3,931   $ 4,625     (15 )% $ 13,001   $ 13,604     (4 )%

Cards(1)

    5,304     5,290         15,694     15,539     1  
                           

Total

  $ 9,235   $ 9,915     (7 )% $ 28,695   $ 29,143     (2 )%
                           

Income from continuing operations by business

                                     

Retail banking

  $ 313   $ 802     (61 )% $ 1,762   $ 2,438     (28 )%

Cards(1)

    1,313     1,305     1     3,736     3,800     (2 )
                           

Total

  $ 1,626   $ 2,107     23 % $ 5,498   $ 6,238     (12 )%
                           

Foreign Currency (FX) Translation Impact

                                     

Total revenue—as reported

  $ 9,235   $ 9,915     (7 )% $ 28,695   $ 29,143     (2 )%

Impact of FX translation(2)

        (130 )             (135 )      
                           

Total revenues—ex-FX

  $ 9,235   $ 9,785     (6 )% $ 28,695   $ 29,008     (1 )%
                           

Total operating expenses—as reported

  $ 5,048   $ 5,271     (4 )% $ 15,388   $ 15,534     (1 )%

Impact of FX translation(2)

        (89 )             (147 )      
                           

Total operating expenses—ex-FX

  $ 5,048   $ 5,182     (3 )% $ 15,388   $ 15,387     %
                           

Total provisions for LLR & PBC—as reported

  $ 1,711   $ 1,499     14 % $ 4,961   $ 4,317     15 %

Impact of FX translation(2)

        (22 )             (13 )      
                           

Total provisions for LLR & PBC—ex-FX

  $ 1,711   $ 1,477     16 % $ 4,961   $ 4,304     15 %
                           

Net income—as reported

  $ 1,622   $ 2,104     (23 )% $ 5,483   $ 6,235     (12 )%

Impact of FX translation(2)

        (15 )             12        
                           

Net income—ex-FX

  $ 1,622   $ 2,089     (22 )% $ 5,483   $ 6,247     (12 )%
                           

(1)
Includes both Citi-branded cards and Citi retail services.

(2)
Reflects the impact of foreign exchange (FX) translation into U.S. dollars at the third quarter of 2013 exchange rates for all periods presented.

NM Not meaningful

16



NORTH AMERICA REGIONAL CONSUMER BANKING

        North America Regional Consumer Banking (NA RCB) provides traditional banking and Citi-branded cards and Citi retail services to retail customers and small to mid-size businesses in the U.S. NA RCB's approximately 983 retail bank branches as of September 30, 2013 are largely concentrated in the greater metropolitan areas of New York, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Chicago, Miami, Washington, D.C., Boston, Philadelphia, Dallas, Houston, San Antonio and Austin.

        At September 30, 2013, NA RCB had approximately 12.1 million customer accounts, $43.2 billion of retail banking loans and $168.6 billion of deposits. In addition, NA RCB had approximately 113.5 million Citi-branded and Citi retail services credit card accounts, with $111.8 billion in outstanding card loan balances, including approximately 13 million credit card accounts and $7 billion of loans added in September 2013 as a result of the previously-announced acquisition of Best Buy's U.S. credit card portfolio.

 
  Third Quarter    
  Nine Months    
 
 
  %
Change
  %
Change
 
In millions of dollars, except as otherwise noted   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Net interest revenue

  $ 4,137   $ 4,149     % $ 12,354   $ 12,245     1 %

Non-interest revenue

    601     1,219     (51 )   2,546     3,391     (25 )
                           

Total revenues, net of interest expense

  $ 4,738   $ 5,368     (12 )% $ 14,900   $ 15,636     (5 )%
                           

Total operating expenses

  $ 2,358   $ 2,464     (4 )% $ 7,171   $ 7,256     (1 )%
                           

Net credit losses

  $ 1,083   $ 1,351     (20 )% $ 3,528   $ 4,491     (21 )%

Credit reserve build (release)

    (228 )   (519 )   56     (949 )   (2,174 )   56  

Provisions for benefits and claims

    3     1     NM     3     1     NM  

Provision (release) for unfunded lending commitments

    17     19     (11 )   44     52     (15 )
                           

Provisions for credit losses and for benefits and claims

  $ 875   $ 852     3 % $ 2,626   $ 2,370     11 %
                           

Income from continuing operations before taxes

  $ 1,505   $ 2,052     (27 )% $ 5,103   $ 6,010     (15 )%

Income taxes

    573     775     (26 )   1,934     2,262     (15 )
                           

Income from continuing operations

  $ 932   $ 1,277     (27 )% $ 3,169   $ 3,748     (15 )%

Noncontrolling interests

        1     (100 )   1     1      
                           

Net income

  $ 932   $ 1,276     (27 )% $ 3,168   $ 3,747     (15 )%
                           

Balance Sheet data (in billions of dollars)

                                     

Average assets

  $ 173   $ 174     (1 )% $ 174   $ 171     2 %

Return on average assets

    2.14 %   2.92 %         2.43 %   2.93 %      

Efficiency ratio

    50 %   46 %         48 %   46 %      

Average deposits

  $ 167   $ 154     8   $ 165   $ 152     9  

Net credit losses as a percentage of average loans

    2.88 %   3.60 %         3.19 %   4.00 %      
                           

Revenue by business

                                     

Retail banking

  $ 1,123   $ 1,740     (35 )% $ 4,287   $ 5,019     (15 )%

Citi-branded cards

    2,087     2,087         6,091     6,121      

Citi retail services

    1,528     1,541     (1 )   4,522     4,496     1  
                           

Total

  $ 4,738   $ 5,368     (12 )% $ 14,900   $ 15,636     (5 )%
                           

Income from continuing operations by business

                                     

Retail banking

  $ (22 ) $ 342     NM   $ 481   $ 1,013     (53 )%

Citi-branded cards

    565     555     2     1,470     1,560     (6 )

Citi retail services

    389     380     2     1,218     1,175     4  
                           

Total

  $ 932   $ 1,277     (27 )% $ 3,169   $ 3,748     (15 )%
                           

17



3Q13 vs. 3Q12

        Net income decreased 27%, mainly driven by lower revenues and a $291 million reduction in loan loss reserve releases, partially offset by a $268 million reduction in net credit losses and lower expenses.

        Revenues decreased 12% due to lower retail banking revenues primarily reflecting significantly lower mortgage origination revenues as well as the ongoing impact of spread compression.

        Retail banking revenues of $1.1 billion declined 35% due to lower mortgage origination revenues driven by significantly lower refinancing volumes as a result of higher interest rates during the quarter. In addition, retail banking continued to experience ongoing spread compression in the deposit portfolio. Partially offsetting the spread compression was growth in average deposits (8%), commercial loans (15%) and average retail loans (4%). Citi expects retail banking revenues will continue to be negatively impacted by the lower mortgage origination revenues and spread compression in the deposit portfolio.

        Cards revenues were unchanged, as improved net interest spreads, benefitting from both higher yields and lower funding costs, were offset by continued lower average loan balances. In Citi-branded cards, revenues were unchanged at $2.1 billion, reflecting a 4% decline in average loans, offset by continued improvement in net interest spreads. Citi-branded cards net interest revenue increased 2%, reflecting higher yields and lower cost of funds, partially offset by the decline in average loans and a continued increased payment rate from consumer deleveraging. Citi-branded cards non-interest revenue declined 6% due to higher affinity rebates. Citi retail services revenues decreased 1% due to declining non-interest revenues, driven by improving credit and the resulting impact on contractual partner payments. Citi retail services net interest revenues increased 3% driven by a 4% increase in average loans, primarily due to the Best Buy U.S. portfolio acquisition. Total card purchase sales of $60 billion increased 3% versus the prior-year period. Citi expects cards revenues could continue to be negatively impacted by higher payment rates for consumers, reflecting ongoing economic uncertainty and deleveraging as well as Citi's shift to higher credit quality borrowers.

        As previously disclosed, as part of its U.S. Citi-branded cards business, Citibank, N.A. issues a co-branded credit card product with American Airlines, the Citi/AAdvantage card. AMR Corporation and certain of its subsidiaries, including American Airlines, Inc. (collectively, AMR), filed voluntary petitions for reorganization under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code in November 2011, and on February 14, 2013, AMR and US Airways Group, Inc. announced a merger agreement under which the companies would be combined.

        On August 13, 2013, the U.S. Department of Justice, along with the attorneys general of several states and the District of Columbia, filed an antitrust lawsuit seeking to permanently enjoin the merger, which has resulted in uncertainty regarding when the bankruptcy or merger processes will be resolved. On October 21, 2013, the U.S. Bankruptcy Court approved AMR's plan of reorganization, and the Citi/AAdvantage card program agreements were assumed by AMR, regardless of whether the merger is consummated.

        Expenses decreased 4%, primarily due to lower legal and related costs and marketing costs and repositioning savings, partially offset by higher mortgage origination costs and expenses in cards as a result of the Best Buy portfolio acquisition and a repositioning charge in the current quarter.

        Provisions increased 3%, as lower net credit losses in the cards portfolio and in retail banking were offset by continued lower loan loss reserve releases primarily related to cards ($228 million in the current quarter compared to $519 million in the prior-year period). Citi expects loan loss reserve releases in NA RCB to moderate during the remainder of 2013 and into 2014 as a result of loan loss reserve builds expected for new loans originated in the Best Buy portfolio.


3Q13 YTD vs. 3Q12 YTD

        Year-to-date, NA RCB has experienced similar trends to those described above. Net income decreased 15%, mainly due to lower loan loss reserve releases and lower revenues, partially offset by lower net credit losses.

        Revenues decreased 5%, primarily driven by a 15% decline in retail banking revenues resulting from lower mortgage origination revenues due to lower refinancing volumes and continued spread compression on deposits. These trends were partially offset by higher average deposits and an improved mix from checking account growth. Cards revenues were unchanged as improved net interest spreads were offset by lower volumes, driven by the factors described above.

        Expenses decreased 1% as lower legal and related costs and efficiency savings were offset by higher volume-related mortgage origination costs.

        Provisions increased 11% due to a $1.2 billion reduction in loan loss reserve releases, partially offset by a $963 million reduction in net credit losses in the cards portfolio and retail banking.

18



EMEA REGIONAL CONSUMER BANKING

        EMEA Regional Consumer Banking (EMEA RCB) provides traditional banking and Citi-branded card services to retail customers and small to mid-size businesses, primarily in Central and Eastern Europe and the Middle East. The countries in which EMEA RCB has the largest presence are Poland, Russia and the United Arab Emirates. As part of Citi's previously announced repositioning efforts, during the fourth quarter of 2013, Citi intends to reposition its Polish consumer business, including optimizing its branch footprint and concentrating its presence in major metropolitan areas.

        At September 30, 2013, EMEA RCB had 201 retail bank branches with approximately 3.6 million customer accounts, $5.5 billion in retail banking loans, $12.5 billion in deposits, and 2.2 million Citi-branded card accounts with $2.4 billion in outstanding card loan balances.

 
  Third Quarter    
  Nine Months    
 
 
  %
Change
  %
Change
 
In millions of dollars, except as otherwise noted   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Net interest revenue

  $ 226   $ 251     (10 )% $ 709   $ 752     (6 )%

Non-interest revenue

    133     123     8     382     349     9  
                           

Total revenues, net of interest expense

  $ 359   $ 374     (4 )% $ 1,091   $ 1,101     (1 )%
                           

Total operating expenses

  $ 306   $ 335     (9 )% $ 983   $ 1,031     (5 )%
                           

Net credit losses

  $ 21   $ 29     (28 )% $ 49   $ 72     (32 )%

Credit reserve build (release)

    3     2     50     (17 )   (16 )   (6 )

Provision (release) for unfunded lending commitments

                    (1 )   100  
                           

Provisions for credit losses

  $ 24   $ 31     (23 )% $ 32   $ 55     (42 )%
                           

Income from continuing operations before taxes

  $ 29   $ 8     NM   $ 76   $ 15     NM  

Income taxes

    10     2     NM     22     9     NM  
                           

Income from continuing operations

  $ 19   $ 6     NM   $ 54   $ 6     NM  

Noncontrolling interests

    3     2     50 %   11     4     NM  
                           

Net income (loss)

  $ 16   $ 4     NM   $ 43   $ 2     NM  
                           

Balance Sheet data (in billions of dollars)

                                     

Average assets

  $ 9   $ 9     % $ 10   $ 9     11 %

Return on average assets

    0.71 %   0.18 %         0.57 %   0.03 %      

Efficiency ratio

    85 %   90 %         90 %   94 %      

Average deposits

  $ 12   $ 13     (6 )% $ 13   $ 12     2 %

Net credit losses as a percentage of average loans

    1.08 %   1.54 %         0.83 %   1.30 %      
                           

Revenue by business

                                     

Retail banking

  $ 219   $ 220     % $ 648   $ 646     %

Citi-branded cards

    140     154     (9 )   443     455     (3 )
                           

Total

  $ 359   $ 374     (4 ) $ 1,091   $ 1,101     (1 )
                           

Income (loss) from continuing operations by business

                                     

Retail banking

  $ (2 ) $ (14 )   86 % $ (10 ) $ (49 )   80 %

Citi-branded cards

    21     20     5     64     55     16  
                           

Total

  $ 19   $ 6     NM   $ 54   $ 6     NM  
                           

Foreign Currency (FX) Translation Impact

                                     

Total revenue—as reported

  $ 359   $ 374     (4 )% $ 1,091   $ 1,101     (1 )%

Impact of FX translation(1)

        (2 )             (11 )      
                           

Total revenues—ex-FX

  $ 359   $ 372     (3 )% $ 1,091   $ 1,090     %
                           

Total operating expenses—as reported

  $ 306   $ 335     (9 )% $ 983   $ 1,031     (5 )%

Impact of FX translation(1)

        (4 )             (14 )      
                           

Total operating expenses—ex-FX

  $ 306   $ 331     (8 )% $ 983   $ 1,017     (3 )%
                           

Provisions for credit losses—as reported

  $ 24   $ 31     (23 )% $ 32   $ 55     (42 )%

Impact of FX translation(1)

                      1        
                           

Provisions for credit losses—ex-FX

  $ 24   $ 31     (23 )% $ 32   $ 56     (43 )%
                           

Net income (loss)—as reported

  $ 16   $ 4     NM   $ 43   $ 2     NM  

Impact of FX translation(1)

        2               2        
                           

Net income (loss)—ex-FX

  $ 16   $ 6     NM   $ 43   $ 4     NM  
                           

(1)
Reflects the impact of foreign exchange (FX) translation into U.S. dollars at the third quarter of 2013 exchange rates for all periods presented.

NM Not meaningful

19


        The discussion of the results of operations for EMEA RCB below excludes the impact of FX translation for all periods presented. Presentation of the results of operations, excluding the impact of FX translation, are non-GAAP financial measures. Citi believes the presentation of EMEA RCB's results excluding the impact of FX translation is a more meaningful depiction of the underlying fundamentals of the business. For a reconciliation of certain of these metrics to the reported results, see the table above.


3Q13 vs. 3Q12

        Net income of $16 million compared to net income of $6 million in the prior-year period as lower net credit losses and lower expenses were partially offset by lower revenues, primarily due to the previously-announced sales of Citi's consumer operations in Turkey and Romania.

        Revenues decreased 3%, mainly driven by the lower revenues resulting from the sales of the consumer operations referenced above, partially offset by higher volumes in core markets and a gain on sale related to the Turkey sale. Net interest revenue decreased 9%, due to continued spread compression in cards, a 25% decrease in average cards loans and a 6% decrease in average deposits primarily due to the sales in Turkey and Romania, partially offset by growth in average retail loans of 18%. Interest rate caps on credit cards, particularly in Poland, the continued liquidation of a higher yielding non-strategic retail banking portfolio and the continued low interest rate environment were the main contributors to the lower spreads. Citi expects continued regulatory changes, including potential caps on interchange rates, and spread compression to continue to negatively impact revenues in this business during the remainder of 2013. Non-interest revenue increased 8%, mainly reflecting the gain on sale related to Turkey, partially offset by lower revenues due to the sales in Turkey and Romania. Cards purchase sales decreased 13% and investment sales decreased 32%.

        Expenses declined 8%, primarily due to the market exits and efficiency savings, partially offset by continued investment spending on new internal operating platforms and higher repositioning charges related to the sales in Turkey and Romania.

        Provisions declined 23% due to a 30% decrease in net credit losses primarily due to the sales in Turkey and Romania. Net credit losses also continued to reflect stabilizing credit quality and Citi's strategic move toward lower-risk customers.


3Q13 YTD vs. 3Q12 YTD

        Year-to-date, EMEA RCB has experienced similar trends to those described above. Net income of $43 million compared to net income of $4 million in the prior-year period was primarily due to lower expenses and lower net credit losses.

        Revenues were unchanged, as lower revenues due to the sales of the consumer operations in Turkey and Romania were offset by higher volumes in core markets and a gain on sale related to Turkey. Net interest revenue declined 5% primarily due to the sales in Turkey and Romania and continued spread compression, driven by the same factors described above. Non-interest revenue increased 10%, mainly reflecting higher investment fees and card fees due to increased sales volume and a gain on the sale related to Turkey. Cards purchase sales increased 1% and investment sales increased 4%.

        Expenses decreased 3%, primarily due to the sales in Turkey and Romania and efficiency savings, partially offset by the continued investment spending.

        Provisions decreased 43% to $32 million, primarily due to lower net credit losses, driven by the factors described above, and a net credit recovery in the second quarter of 2013 as a result of sales of written off accounts.

20



LATIN AMERICA REGIONAL CONSUMER BANKING

        Latin America Regional Consumer Banking (Latin America RCB) provides traditional banking and Citi-branded card services to retail customers and small to mid-size businesses, with the largest presence in Mexico and Brazil. Latin America RCB includes branch networks throughout Latin America as well as Banco Nacional de Mexico, or Banamex, Mexico's second-largest bank, with nearly 1,700 branches. At September 30, 2013, Latin America RCB had 2,031 retail branches, with approximately 32.0 million customer accounts, $29.4 billion in retail banking loans and $47.5 billion in deposits. In addition, the business had approximately 9.5 million Citi-branded card accounts with $11.8 billion in outstanding loan balances.

 
  Third Quarter    
  Nine Months    
 
 
  %
Change
  %
Change
 
In millions of dollars, except as otherwise noted   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Net interest revenue

  $ 1,580   $ 1,532     3 % $ 4,706   $ 4,495     5 %

Non-interest revenue

    696     658     6     2,208     1,978     12  
                           

Total revenues, net of interest expense

  $ 2,276   $ 2,190     4 % $ 6,914   $ 6,473     7 %
                           

Total operating expenses

  $ 1,285   $ 1,266     2 % $ 3,900   $ 3,727     5 %
                           

Net credit losses

  $ 434   $ 351     24 % $ 1,269   $ 999     27 %

Credit reserve build

    168     36     NM     310     222     40  

Provision for benefits and claims

    34     46     (26 )   116     121     (4 )
                           

Provisions for loan losses and for benefits and claims (LLR & PBC)

  $ 636   $ 433     47 % $ 1,695   $ 1,342     26 %
                           

Income from continuing operations before taxes

  $ 355   $ 491     (28 )% $ 1,319   $ 1,404     (6 )%

Income taxes

    66     117     (44 )   279     320     (13 )
                           

Income from continuing operations

  $ 289   $ 374     (23 )% $ 1,040   $ 1,084     (4 )%

Noncontrolling interests

    1             3     (2 )   NM  
                           

Net income

  $ 288   $ 374     (23 )% $ 1,037   $ 1,086     (5 )%
                           

Balance Sheet data (in billions of dollars)

                                     

Average assets

  $ 80   $ 79     1 % $ 82   $ 80     3 %

Return on average assets

    1.43 %   1.98 %         1.72 %   1.90 %      

Efficiency ratio

    56 %   58 %         56 %   58 %      

Average deposits

  $ 46   $ 45     2   $ 46   $ 45     2  

Net credit losses as a percentage of average loans

    4.18 %   3.74 %         4.18 %   3.68 %      
                           

Revenue by business

                                     

Retail banking

  $ 1,487   $ 1,469     1 % $ 4,572   $ 4,348     5 %

Citi-branded cards

    789     721     9     2,342     2,125     10  
                           

Total

  $ 2,276   $ 2,190     4 % $ 6,914   $ 6,473     7 %
                           

Income from continuing operations by business

                                     

Retail banking

  $ 144   $ 222     (35 )% $ 603   $ 676     (11 )%

Citi-branded cards

    145     152     (5 )   437     408     7  
                           

Total

  $ 289   $ 374     (23 )% $ 1,040   $ 1,084     (4 )%
                           

Foreign Currency (FX) Translation Impact

                                     

Total revenue—as reported

  $ 2,276   $ 2,190     4 % $ 6,914   $ 6,473     7 %

Impact of FX translation(1)

        (41 )             19        
                           

Total revenues—ex-FX

  $ 2,276   $ 2,149     6 % $ 6,914   $ 6,492     7 %
                           

Total operating expenses—as reported

  $ 1,285   $ 1,266     2 % $ 3,900   $ 3,727     5 %

Impact of FX translation(1)

        (28 )             (20 )      
                           

Total operating expenses—ex-FX

  $ 1,285   $ 1,238     4 % $ 3,900   $ 3,707     5 %
                           

Provisions for LLR & PBC—as reported

  $ 636   $ 433     47 % $ 1,695   $ 1,342     26 %

Impact of FX translation(1)

        (10 )             (6 )      
                           

Provisions for LLR & PBC—ex-FX                                

  $ 636   $ 423     50 % $ 1,695   $ 1,336     27 %
                           

Net income—as reported

  $ 288   $ 374     (23 )% $ 1,037   $ 1,086     (5 )%

Impact of FX translation(1)

        (5 )             17        
                           

Net income—ex-FX

  $ 288   $ 369     (22 )% $ 1,037   $ 1,103     (6 )%
                           

(1)
Reflects the impact of foreign exchange (FX) translation into U.S. dollars at the third quarter of 2013 exchange rates for all periods presented.

NM Not Meaningful

21


The discussion of the results of operations for Latin America RCB below excludes the impact of FX translation for all periods presented. Presentation of the results of operations, excluding the impact of FX translation, are non-GAAP financial measures. Citi believes the presentation of Latin America RCB's results excluding the impact of FX translation is a more meaningful depiction of the underlying fundamentals of the business. For a reconciliation of certain of these metrics to the reported results, see the table above.


3Q13 vs. 3Q12

        Net income decreased 22% as higher credit costs and higher expenses were partially offset by higher revenues.

        Revenues increased 6%, primarily due to volume growth in retail banking and cards, partially offset by continued spread compression. Net interest revenue increased 5% due to increased volumes, partially offset by spread compression. Citi expects slower volume growth and continued spread compression to negatively impact net interest revenues during the remainder of 2013. Non-interest revenue increased 8%, primarily due to higher fees from increased business volumes in retail and cards. Retail banking revenues increased 3% as average loans increased 11% and investment sales increased 8% while average deposits increased 3%. Cards revenues increased 12% as average loans(10) increased 11% and purchase sales(10) increased 13%.

        Despite the year-over-year growth, Citi expects overall volume and revenue growth to slow, particularly in Mexico and Brazil, due to slowing economic growth in the region and spread compression. In addition, as previously disclosed, Mexican governmental authorities are considering various financial reforms as well as tax reforms that could increase taxes on consumers and businesses. These reforms have not yet been adopted, and thus the impact on Citi's businesses remains uncertain. For information on the potential impact to Latin America RCB from foreign exchange controls, see "Managing Global Risk—Cross-Border Risk" below.

        Expenses increased 4% due to increased volume-related costs, mandatory salary increases in certain countries and higher regulatory costs, partially offset by efficiency savings and lower marketing costs.

        Provisions increased 50%, primarily due to higher net credit losses as well as a higher loan loss reserve build. Net credit losses increased 27%, primarily in the Mexico cards and personal loan portfolios, reflecting both portfolio seasoning and volume growth. The higher loan loss reserve build in the current quarter was largely due to an increase in reserves in Mexico related to the top three Mexican homebuilders, with the remainder due to portfolio growth and seasoning and the impact of potential losses related to hurricanes in the region during September 2013. The loan loss reserve build related to the Mexican homebuilders was driven by further deterioration in the financial and operating conditions of these companies and decreases in the value of Citi's collateral securing its loans. Citi's outstanding loans to the top three homebuilders totaled less than $300 million at the end of the current quarter. Citi continues to monitor the performance of its Mexico homebuilder clients, as well as the value of its collateral, to determine whether additional reserves or charge-offs may be required in future periods.

        Citi currently expects the net credit loss rate in Latin America to remain relatively unchanged for the remainder of 2013, although the rate could be higher if any material losses are incurred in the Mexico homebuilder portfolio or as a result of the impact from the recent hurricanes in Mexico.


3Q13 YTD vs. 3Q12 YTD

        Year-to-date, Latin America RCB has experienced similar trends to those described above. Net income decreased 6% as higher revenues were partially offset by higher expenses and credit costs.

        Revenues increased 7%, primarily due to volume growth in retail banking and cards, partially offset by spread compression, driven by the factors described above. Net interest revenue increased 4% due to increased volumes, partially offset by continued spread compression. Non-interest revenue increased 11%, primarily due to higher fees from increased business volumes in retail and cards. Retail banking revenues increased 5% as average loans increased 14%, investment sales increased 11%, and deposits grew 2%. Cards revenues increased 10% as average loans(10) increased 10% and purchase sales(10) increased 9%.

        Expenses increased 5% due to increased volume-related costs, higher repositioning charges, mandatory salary increases in certain countries and higher transactional costs, partially offset by efficiency savings and lower marketing costs.

        Provisions increased 27%, primarily due to higher net credit losses and higher loan loss reserve builds, driven by the same factors described above.

   


(10)
Adjusted to exclude Credicard loans of $3.2 billion in third quarter of 2012; Credicard was moved to discontinued operations in Corporate/Other as of the second quarter of 2013. For additional information, see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

22



ASIA REGIONAL CONSUMER BANKING

        Asia Regional Consumer Banking (Asia RCB) provides traditional banking and Citi-branded card services to retail customers and small to mid-size businesses, with the largest Citi presence in Korea, Australia, Singapore, Hong Kong, India, Taiwan, Malaysia, Japan, Thailand and the Philippines.

        At September 30, 2013, Asia RCB had 562 retail branches, approximately 17.0 million customer accounts, $70.3 billion in retail banking loans and $101.6 billion in deposits. In addition, the business had approximately 16.6 million Citi-branded card accounts with $18.7 billion in outstanding loan balances.

 
  Third Quarter    
  Nine Months    
 
 
  %
Change
  %
Change
 
In millions of dollars, except as otherwise noted   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Net interest revenue

  $ 1,163   $ 1,272     (9 )% $ 3,580   $ 3,886     (8 )%

Non-interest revenue

    699     711     (2 )   2,210     2,047     8  
                           

Total revenues, net of interest expense

  $ 1,862   $ 1,983     (6 )% $ 5,790   $ 5,933     (2 )%
                           

Total operating expenses

  $ 1,099   $ 1,206     (9 )% $ 3,334   $ 3,520     (5 )%
                           

Net credit losses

  $ 192   $ 217     (12 )% $ 578   $ 606     (5 )%

Credit reserve build (release)

    (28 )   (34 )   18     (6 )   (56 )   89  

Provision (release) for unfunded lending commitments

    12             36          
                           

Provisions for credit losses

  $ 176   $ 183     (4 )% $ 608   $ 550     11 %
                           

Income from continuing operations before taxes

  $ 587   $ 594     (1 )% $ 1,848   $ 1,863     (1 )%

Income taxes

    201     144     40     613     463     32  
                           

Income from continuing operations

  $ 386   $ 450     (14 )% $ 1,235   $ 1,400     (12 )%

Noncontrolling interests

                         
                           

Net income

  $ 386   $ 450     (14 )% $ 1,235   $ 1,400     (12 )%
                           

Balance Sheet data (in billions of dollars)

                                     

Average assets

  $ 129   $ 127     2 % $ 129   $ 126     2 %

Return on average assets

    1.19 %   1.41 %         1.28 %   1.48 %      

Efficiency ratio

    59 %   61 %         58 %   59 %      

Average deposits

  $ 100   $ 113     (11 ) $ 103   $ 111     (7 )

Net credit losses as a percentage of average loans

    0.87 %   0.98 %         0.88 %   0.92 %      
                           

Revenue by business

                                     

Retail banking

  $ 1,102   $ 1,196     (8 )% $ 3,494   $ 3,591     (3 )%

Citi-branded cards

    760     787     (3 )   2,296     2,342     (2 )
                           

Total

  $ 1,862   $ 1,983     (6 )% $ 5,790   $ 5,933     (2 )%
                           

Income from continuing operations by business

                                     

Retail banking

  $ 193   $ 252     (23 )% $ 688   $ 798     (14 )%

Citi-branded cards

    193     198     (3 )   547     602     (9 )
                           

Total

  $ 386   $ 450     (14 )% $ 1,235   $ 1,400     (12 )%
                           

Foreign Currency (FX) Translation Impact

                                     

Total revenue—as reported

  $ 1,862   $ 1,983     (6 )% $ 5,790   $ 5,933     (2 )%

Impact of FX translation(1)

        (87 )             (143 )      
                           

Total revenues—ex-FX

  $ 1,862   $ 1,896     (2 )% $ 5,790   $ 5,790     %
                           

Total operating expenses—as reported

  $ 1,099   $ 1,206     (9 )% $ 3,334   $ 3,520     (5 )%

Impact of FX translation(1)

        (57 )             (113 )      
                           

Total operating expenses—ex-FX                           

  $ 1,099   $ 1,149     (4 )% $ 3,334   $ 3,407     (2 )%
                           

Provisions for credit losses—as reported

  $ 176   $ 183     (4 )% $ 608   $ 550     11 %

Impact of FX translation(1)

        (12 )             (8 )      
                           

Provisions for credit losses—ex-FX                           

  $ 176   $ 171     3 % $ 608   $ 542     12 %
                           

Net income—as reported

  $ 386   $ 450     (14 )% $ 1,235   $ 1,400     (12 )%

Impact of FX translation(1)

        (12 )             (7 )      
                           

Net income—ex-FX

  $ 386   $ 438     (12 )% $ 1,235   $ 1,393     (11 )%
                           

(1)
Reflects the impact of foreign exchange (FX) translation into U.S. dollars at the third quarter of 2013 exchange rates for all periods presented.

NM Not meaningful

23


The discussion of the results of operations for Asia RCB below excludes the impact of FX translation for all periods presented. Presentation of the results of operations, excluding the impact of FX translation, are non-GAAP financial measures. Citi believes the presentation of Asia RCB's results excluding the impact of FX translation is a more meaningful depiction of the underlying fundamentals of the business. For a reconciliation of certain of these metrics to the reported results, see the table above.


3Q13 vs. 3Q12

        Net income decreased 12%, primarily due to a higher effective tax rate (see "Income Taxes" below) and lower revenues, partially offset by lower expenses.

        Revenues decreased 2%, as lower net interest revenue was partially offset by higher non-interest revenue. Net interest revenue declined 4%, primarily driven by spread compression in retail banking as well as the continued negative impact of regulatory changes in certain markets, most significantly Korea. Average retail deposits declined 7% resulting from continued efforts to rebalance the deposit portfolio mix. Average retail loans increased 4% (12% excluding Korea). Non-interest revenue increased 3%, mainly driven by continued growth in cards purchase sales across the region. Sequentially, investment sales declined 23%, primarily reflecting fluctuations in retail investor sentiment and the broader capital markets environment. Despite lower overall revenues in the current quarter, several key markets within the region experienced strong revenue growth, including Hong Kong, India, Thailand and China. Spread compression is expected to continue to have an adverse impact on Asia RCB revenues during the remainder of 2013 and into 2014. In addition, consistent with its strategy to concentrate its consumer banking operations in major metropolitan areas and focus on high quality consumer segments, Citi is in an ongoing process to reposition its consumer franchise in Korea to improve its operating efficiency and returns. While revenues in Korea could begin to stabilize in early 2014, this market could continue to have a negative impact on year-over-year revenue comparisons for Asia RCB through 2014.

        Expenses declined 4%, as efficiency savings were partially offset by increased investment spending, particularly investments in China cards.

        Provisions increased 3%, reflecting lower loan loss reserve releases and volume growth in China, India, Hong Kong and Singapore, partially offset by lower net credit losses. Despite this increase year-over-year, overall credit quality in the region continued to remain stable.


3Q13 YTD vs. 3Q12 YTD

        Year-to-date, Asia RCB has experienced similar trends to those described above. Net income decreased 11%, primarily due to the higher effective tax rate and higher credit costs, partially offset by lower expenses.

        Revenues were unchanged, as higher non-interest revenue was offset by lower net interest revenue. Net interest revenue declined 6%, primarily driven by ongoing spread compression. Average retail deposits declined 4%, due to the efforts to rebalance the deposit portfolio mix. Non-interest revenue increased 11%, reflecting a 31% increase in investment sales and a 7% increase in Citi-branded cards purchase sales.

        Expenses declined 2%, as efficiency savings were partially offset by increased investment spending and higher volume-related growth.

        Provisions increased 12%, primarily reflecting a higher loan loss reserve build due to regulatory requirements in Korea as well as volume growth in China, India and Singapore, partly offset by lower net credit losses.

24



INSTITUTIONAL CLIENTS GROUP

        Institutional Clients Group (ICG) includes Securities and Banking and Transaction Services. ICG provides corporate, institutional, public sector and high-net-worth clients around the world with a full range of products and services, including cash management, foreign exchange, trade finance and services, securities services, sales and trading of loans and securities, institutional brokerage, underwriting, lending and advisory services. ICG's international presence is supported by trading floors in approximately 75 countries and jurisdictions and a proprietary network within Transaction Services in over 95 countries and jurisdictions. At September 30, 2013, ICG had approximately $1.1 trillion of assets and $565 billion of deposits.

 
  Third Quarter    
  Nine Months    
 
 
  %
Change
  %
Change
 
In millions of dollars, except as otherwise noted   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Commissions and fees

  $ 1,115   $ 1,011     10 % $ 3,450   $ 3,233     7 %

Administration and other fiduciary fees

    637     663     (4 )   2,027     2,101     (4 )

Investment banking

    842     1,000     (16 )   2,910     2,604     12  

Principal transactions

    814     731     11     5,636     4,081     38  

Other

    131     37     NM     858     (42 )   NM  
                           

Total non-interest revenue

  $ 3,539   $ 3,442     3 % $ 14,881   $ 11,977     24 %

Net interest revenue (including dividends)

    3,823     4,024     (5 )   11,638     11,774     (1 )
                           

Total revenues, net of interest expense

  $ 7,362   $ 7,466     (1 )% $ 26,519   $ 23,751     12 %
                           

Total operating expenses

  $ 4,795   $ 4,869     (2 )% $ 14,720   $ 14,935     (1 )%
                           

Net credit losses

  $ 65   $ 143     (55 )% $ 157   $ 207     (24 )%

Provision (release) for unfunded lending commitments

    93     (26 )   NM     77     (11 )   NM  

Credit reserve build

    (19 )   (149 )   87     (60 )   (4 )   NM  
                           

Provisions for credit losses

  $ 139   $ (32 )   NM   $ 174   $ 192     (9 )%
                           

Income from continuing operations before taxes

  $ 2,428   $ 2,629     (8 )% $ 11,625   $ 8,624     35 %

Income taxes

    633     622     2     3,515     2,020     74  
                           

Income from continuing operations

  $ 1,795   $ 2,007     (11 )% $ 8,110   $ 6,604     23 %

Noncontrolling interests

    19     14     36     92     105     (12 )
                           

Net income

  $ 1,776   $ 1,993     (11 )% $ 8,018   $ 6,499     23 %
                           

Average assets (in billions of dollars)

  $ 1,052   $ 1,047     % $ 1,071   $ 1,039     3 %

Return on average assets

    0.67 %   0.76 %         1.00 %   0.84 %      

Efficiency ratio

    65 %   65 %         56 %   63 %      
                           

Revenues by region

                                     

North America

  $ 2,449   $ 2,152     14 % $ 9,311   $ 6,913     35 %

EMEA

    2,141     2,361     (9 )   7,962     7,713     3  

Latin America

    1,087     1,222     (11 )   3,518     3,563     (1 )

Asia

    1,685     1,731     (3 )   5,728     5,562     3  
                           

Total revenues

  $ 7,362   $ 7,466     (1 )% $ 26,519   $ 23,751     12 %
                           

Income from continuing operations by region

                                     

North America

  $ 533   $ 412     29 % $ 2,824   $ 1,396     NM  

EMEA

    388     616     (37 )   2,072     2,112     (2 )%

Latin America

    430     506     (15 )   1,435     1,494     (4 )

Asia

    444     473     (6 )   1,779     1,602     11  
                           

Total income from continuing operations

  $ 1,795   $ 2,007     (11 )% $ 8,110   $ 6,604     23 %
                           

Average loans by region (in billions of dollars)

                                     

North America

  $ 100   $ 90     11 % $ 95   $ 83     14 %

EMEA

    54     54         54     52     4  

Latin America

    38     34     12     38     34     12  

Asia

    67     65     3     64     63     2  
                           

Total average loans

  $ 259   $ 243     7 % $ 251   $ 232     8 %
                           

NM Not meaningful

25



SECURITIES AND BANKING

        Securities and Banking (S&B) offers a wide array of investment and commercial banking services and products for corporations, governments, institutional and public sector entities and high-net-worth individuals. S&B transacts with clients in both cash instruments and derivatives, including fixed income, foreign currency, equity and commodity products. S&B includes investment banking and advisory services, lending, debt and equity sales and trading, institutional brokerage, derivative services and private banking.

        S&B revenue is generated primarily from fees and spreads associated with these activities. S&B earns fee income for assisting clients in clearing transactions, providing brokerage and investment banking services and other such activities. Revenue generated from these activities is recorded in Commissions and fees. In addition, as a market maker, S&B facilitates transactions, including holding product inventory to meet client demand, and earns the differential between the price at which it buys and sells the products. These price differentials and the unrealized gains and losses on the inventory are recorded in Principal transactions. S&B interest income earned on inventory and loans held is recorded as a component of Net interest revenue.

 
  Third Quarter    
  Nine Months    
 
 
  %
Change
  %
Change
 
In millions of dollars, except as otherwise noted   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Net interest revenue

  $ 2,414   $ 2,539     (5 )% $ 7,424   $ 7,247     2 %

Non-interest revenue

    2,335     2,308     1     11,144     8,413     32  
                           

Total revenues, net of interest expense

  $ 4,749   $ 4,847     (2 )% $ 18,568   $ 15,660     19 %
                           

Total operating expenses

  $ 3,367   $ 3,479     (3 )% $ 10,426   $ 10,748     (3 )%
                           

Net credit losses

  $ 49   $ 56     (13 )% $ 121   $ 93     30 %

Provision (release) for unfunded lending commitments

    111     (26 )   NM     95     (17 )   NM  

Credit reserve build

    (40 )   (103 )   61     (103 )   (32 )   NM  
                           

Provisions for credit losses

  $ 120   $ (73 )   NM   $ 113   $ 44     NM  
                           

Income before taxes and noncontrolling interests

  $ 1,262   $ 1,441     (12 )% $ 8,029   $ 4,868     65 %

Income taxes

    259     256     1     2,289     872     NM  
                           

Income from continuing operations

  $ 1,003   $ 1,185     (15 )% $ 5,740   $ 3,996     44 %

Noncontrolling interests

    14     11     27     76     93     (18 )
                           

Net income

  $ 989   $ 1,174     (16 )% $ 5,664   $ 3,903     45 %
                           

Average assets (in billions of dollars)

  $ 885   $ 905     (2 )% $ 915   $ 901     2 %

Return on average assets

    0.44 %   0.52 %         0.83 %   0.58 %      

Efficiency ratio

    71 %   72 %         56 %   69 %      
                           

Revenues by region (ex-CVA/DVA)

                                     

North America

  $ 1,975   $ 1,879     5 % $ 7,554   $ 5,868     29 %

EMEA

    1,449     1,859     (22 )   5,331     6,029     (12 )

Latin America

    647     783     (17 )   2,150     2,239     (4 )

Asia

    1,010     1,125     (10 )   3,713     3,501     6  
                           

Total revenues (ex-CVA/DVA)

  $ 5,081   $ 5,646     (10 )% $ 18,748   $ 17,637     6 %
                           

Income from continuing operations by region

                                     

North America

  $ 420   $ 292     44 % $ 2,421   $ 1,028     NM  

EMEA

    133     348     (62 )   1,365     1,227     11 %

Latin America

    257     352     (27 )   919     985     (7 )

Asia

    193     193         1,035     756     37  
                           

Total income from continuing operations

  $ 1,003   $ 1,185     (15 )% $ 5,740   $ 3,996     44 %
                           

Securities and Banking revenue details (ex-CVA/DVA)

                                     

Total investment banking

  $ 839   $ 933     (10 )% $ 2,941   $ 2,665     10 %

Fixed income markets

    2,783     3,739     (26 )   10,778     11,381     (5 )

Equity markets

    710     522     36     2,478     1,999     24  

Lending

    230     167     38     963     750     28  

Private bank

    614     609     1     1,888     1,798     5  

Other Securities and Banking

    (95 )   (324 )   71     (300 )   (956 )   69  
                           

Total Securities and Banking revenues (ex-CVA/DVA)

  $ 5,081   $ 5,646     (10 )% $ 18,748   $ 17,637     6 %
                           

CVA/DVA

  $ (332 ) $ (799 )   58 % $ (180 ) $ (1,977 )   91 %
                           

Total revenues, net of interest expense

  $ 4,749   $ 4,847     (2 )% $ 18,568   $ 15,660     19 %
                           

NM Not meaningful

26



3Q13 vs. 3Q12

        Net income decreased 16%. Excluding negative $332 million of CVA/DVA (see table below), net income decreased 29%, primarily driven by a decrease in revenues, partially offset by a decline in expenses.

        Revenues decreased 2%. Excluding CVA/DVA:

        Expenses decreased 3%, primarily reflecting the impact of lower performance-based compensation and repositioning savings, partially offset by higher legal and related costs.

        Provisions increased $193 million, primarily reflecting a loan loss reserve build driven by an increase in unfunded lending commitments in the Corporate loan portfolio, as well as certain largely episodic credits migrating to lower risk ratings in the quarter.

3Q13 YTD vs. 3Q12 YTD

        Net income increased 45%. Excluding negative $180 million of CVA/DVA (see table below), net income increased 13%, primarily driven by an increase in revenues and decline in expenses, partially offset by the higher effective tax rate (see "Income Taxes" below).

        Revenues increased 19%. Excluding CVA/DVA:

        Expenses decreased 3%, primarily reflecting the impact of repositioning savings and lower performance-based compensation, partially offset by higher legal and related costs.

        Provisions increased $69 million, primarily reflecting the loan loss reserve build due to the increase in unfunded lending commitments and higher net credit losses.

27


 
  Three Months Ended September 30,   Nine Months Ended September 30,  
In millions of dollars   2013   2012   2013   2012  

S&B CVA/DVA

                         

Fixed Income Markets

  $ (287 ) $ (672 ) $ (147 ) $ (1,614 )

Equity Markets

    (39 )   (117 )   (27 )   (350 )

Private Bank

    (6 )   (10 )   (6 )   (13 )
                   

Total S&B CVA/DVA

  $ (332 ) $ (799 ) $ (180 ) $ (1,977 )
                   

S&B Hedges on Accrual Loans gain (loss)(1)

  $ (147 ) $ (252 ) $ (148 ) $ (440 )
                   

(1)
Hedges on S&B accrual loans reflect the mark-to-market on credit derivatives used to economically hedge the corporate loan accrual portfolio. The fixed premium cost of these hedges is included (netted against) the core lending revenues to reflect the cost of the credit protection.

28



TRANSACTION SERVICES

        Transaction Services is composed of Treasury and Trade Solutions and Securities and Fund Services. Treasury and Trade Solutions provides comprehensive cash management and trade finance services for corporations, financial institutions and public sector entities worldwide. Securities and Fund Services provides securities services to investors, such as global asset managers, custody and clearing services to intermediaries, such as broker-dealers, and depository and agency/trust services to multinational corporations and governments globally. Revenue is generated from net interest revenue on the spread between trade loans or intercompany placements and interest paid to customers on deposits as well as fees for transaction processing and fees on assets under custody and administration.

 
  Third Quarter    
  Nine Months    
 
 
  %
Change
  %
Change
 
In millions of dollars, except as otherwise noted   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Net interest revenue

  $ 1,409   $ 1,485     (5 )% $ 4,214   $ 4,527     (7 )%

Non-interest revenue

    1,204     1,134     6     3,737     3,564     5  
                           

Total revenues, net of interest expense

  $ 2,613   $ 2,619     % $ 7,951   $ 8,091     (2 )%

Total operating expenses

    1,428     1,390     3     4,294     4,187     3  

Provisions (releases) for credit losses

    19     41     (54 )   61     148     (59 )
                           

Income before taxes and noncontrolling interests

  $ 1,166   $ 1,188     (2 )% $ 3,596   $ 3,756     (4 )%

Income taxes

    374     366     2     1,226     1,148     7  
                           

Income from continuing operations

    792     822     (4 )% $ 2,370   $ 2,608     (9 )%

Noncontrolling interests

    5     3     67     16     12     33  
                           

Net income

  $ 787   $ 819     (4 )% $ 2,354   $ 2,596     (9 )%
                           

Average assets (in billions of dollars)

  $ 167   $ 142     18 % $ 156   $ 138     13 %

Return on average assets

    1.87 %   2.29 %         2.02 %   2.51 %      

Efficiency ratio

    55 %   53 %         54 %   52 %      
                           

Revenues by region

                                     

North America

  $ 614   $ 619     (1 )% $ 1,907   $ 1,921     (1 )%

EMEA

    873     844     3     2,655     2,625     1  

Latin America

    447     442     1     1,361     1,330     2  

Asia

    679     714     (5 )   2,028     2,215     (8 )
                           

Total revenues

  $ 2,613   $ 2,619     % $ 7,951   $ 8,091     (2 )%
                           

Income from continuing operations by region

                                     

North America

  $ 113   $ 120     (6 )% $ 403   $ 368     10 %

EMEA

    255     268     (5 )   707     885     (20 )

Latin America

    173     154     12     516     509     1  

Asia

    251     280     (10 )   744     846     (12 )
                           

Total income from continuing operations

  $ 792   $ 822     (4 )% $ 2,370   $ 2,608     (9 )%
                           

Foreign Currency (FX) Translation Impact

                                     

Total revenue—as reported

  $ 2,613   $ 2,619     % $ 7,951   $ 8,091     (2 )%

Impact of FX translation(1)

        (49 )             (112 )      
                           

Total revenues—ex-FX

  $ 2,613   $ 2,570     2 % $ 7,951   $ 7,979     %
                           

Total operating expenses—as reported

  $ 1,428   $ 1,390     3 % $ 4,294   $ 4,187     3 %

Impact of FX translation(1)

        (14 )             (37 )      
                           

Total operating expenses—ex-FX

  $ 1,428   $ 1,376     4 % $ 4,294   $ 4,150     3 %
                           

Net income—as reported

  $ 787   $ 819     (4 )% $ 2,354   $ 2,596     (9 )%

Impact of FX translation(1)

        (30 )             (66 )      
                           

Net income—ex-FX

  $ 787   $ 789       $ 2,354   $ 2,530     (7 )%
                           

Key indicators (in billions of dollars)

                                     

Average deposits and other customer liability balances—as reported

  $ 432   $ 415     4 % $ 424   $ 396     7 %

Impact of FX translation(1)

                      (1 )      
                           

Average deposits and other customer liability balances—ex-FX

  $ 432   $ 415     4 % $ 424   $ 395     7 %
                           

EOP assets under custody(2) (in trillions of dollars)

  $ 13.9   $ 12.8     9 %                  
                           

(1)
Reflects the impact of foreign exchange (FX) translation into U.S. dollars at the third quarter of 2013 exchange rates for all periods presented.

(2)
Includes assets under custody, assets under trust and assets under administration.

NM Not meaningful

29


The discussion of the results of operations for Transaction Services below excludes the impact of FX translation for all periods presented. Presentation of the results of operations, excluding the impact of FX translation, are non-GAAP financial measures. Citi believes the presentation of Transaction Services' results excluding the impact of FX translation is a more meaningful depiction of the underlying fundamentals of the business. For a reconciliation of certain of these metrics to the reported results, see the table above.


3Q13 vs. 3Q12

        Net income was unchanged, primarily due to higher revenues offset by higher expenses.

        Revenues increased 2% as fee income growth from higher deposit balances, trade loans, and higher market volumes was partially offset by a decline in net interest revenues driven by continued spread compression. Treasury and Trade Solutions revenues increased 1%, as volume and fee growth more than offset the ongoing impact of spread compression globally. Treasury and Trade Solutions average deposits increased 4% and average trade loans increased 13%.(11) Securities and Fund Services revenues increased 3%, as settlement volumes increased 11% and assets under custody increased 9%, partially offset by spread compression related to deposits. Despite the overall underlying volume growth, Citi expects spread compression will continue to negatively impact Transaction Services net interest revenues in the near term.

        Expenses increased 4%, primarily driven by the volume-related growth and increased financial transaction taxes in EMEA, which are expected to continue in future periods, partially offset by efficiency savings.

        Average deposits and other customer liabilities increased 4%, primarily as a result of client activity in Latin America, EMEA, and North America (for additional information on Citi's deposits, see "Capital Resources and Liquidity—Funding and Liquidity" below).


3Q13 YTD vs. 3Q12 YTD

        Year-to-date, Transaction Services has experienced similar trends to those described above. Net income decreased 7%, primarily reflecting continued spread compression and higher expenses, partially offset by higher balances and volumes.

        Revenues were unchanged as higher deposit balances, trade loans and market volumes were offset by continued spread compression. Treasury and Trade Solutions revenues declined 2%, driven by spread compression globally, partially offset by continued growth in balances as average deposits increased 6% and average trade loans increased over 15%.(11) Securities and Fund Services revenues increased 4% as settlement volumes increased 10% and assets under custody increased 9%, partially offset by spread compression related to deposits.

        Expenses increased 3%, primarily driven by the volume-related growth and the financial transaction taxes described above, partially offset by efficiency savings.

        Average deposits and other customer liabilities increased 7%, primarily as a result of the client activity in Latin America and EMEA.

   


(11)
As previously disclosed, average trade loans excludes the impact of adding approximately $7 billion of previously unconsolidated assets during the second quarter of 2013.

30



CORPORATE/OTHER

        Corporate/Other includes unallocated global staff functions (including finance, risk, human resources, legal and compliance), other corporate expenses and unallocated global operations and technology expenses, Corporate Treasury and discontinued operations. At September 30, 2013, Corporate/Other had approximately $317 billion of assets, or 17% of Citigroup's total assets, consisting primarily of Citi's liquidity portfolio (approximately $119 billion of cash and cash equivalents and $139 billion of liquid available-for-sale securities). For additional information, see "Balance Sheet Review" and "Capital Resources and Liquidity—Funding and Liquidity" below.

 
  Third Quarter    
  Nine Months    
 
 
  %
Change
  %
Change
 
In millions of dollars   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Net interest revenue

  $ (194 ) $ (197 )   2 % $ (477 ) $ (366 )   (30 )%

Non-interest revenue

    225     198     14     604     542     11  
                           

Total revenues, net of interest expense

  $ 31   $ 1     NM   $ 127   $ 176     (28 )%
                           

Total operating expenses

  $ 432   $ 765     (44 )% $ 1,525   $ 2,157     (29 )%

Provisions for loan losses and for benefits and claims

        (1 )   100         (1 )   100  
                           

Loss from continuing operations before taxes

  $ (401 ) $ (763 )   47 % $ (1,398 ) $ (1,980 )   29 %

Income taxes (benefits)

    (264 )   (687 )   62     (551 )   (1,126 )   51  
                           

Loss from continuing operations

  $ (137 ) $ (76 )   (80 )% $ (847 ) $ (854 )   1 %

Gain from discontinued operations, net of taxes

    92     8     NM     89     27     NM  
                           

Net loss before attribution of noncontrolling interests

  $ (45 ) $ (68 )   34 % $ (758 ) $ (827 )   8 %

Noncontrolling interests

    22     8     NM     58     80     (28 )
                           

Net loss

  $ (67 ) $ (76 )   12 % $ (816 ) $ (907 )   10 %
                           

EOP assets (in billions of dollars)

  $ 317   $ 298     6 %                  
                           

NM Not meaningful

3Q13 vs. 3Q12

        The net loss decreased 12%, primarily due to lower expenses and gains in discontinued operations (see "Income Taxes" and Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements), partially offset by a lower tax benefit ($176 million in the current quarter, compared to a $582 million tax benefit in the prior-year period, each of which related to the resolution of certain tax audit items).

        Revenues increased $30 million, driven by the impact of hedging activities, partially offset by lower revenue from sales of available-for-sale (AFS) securities in the current quarter.

        Expenses decreased 44%, largely driven by lower legal and related costs and lower firmwide marketing expenses.


3Q13 YTD vs. 3Q12 YTD

        The net loss decreased 10%, primarily due to lower expenses, partially offset by the lower tax benefit and lower revenues.

        Revenues decreased 28%, driven by the impact of lower revenue from sales of AFS securities, and the absence of the impact of minority investments in the prior-year period (12) partially offset by the impact of hedging activities in the current period.

        Expenses decreased 29%, largely driven by lower legal and related costs and lower firmwide marketing expenses.

   


(12)
In the first nine months of 2012, Citi recorded a net pretax gain on minority investments of $53 million ($29 million after-tax), which included pretax gains of $1.1 billion and $542 million on the sales of Citi's remaining stake in Housing Development Finance Corporation Ltd. (HDFC) and its stake in Shanghai Pudong Development Bank (SPDB), respectively, offset by a pretax impairment charge relating to Akbank T.A.S. of $1.2 billion and the net pretax loss of $424 million ($274 million after-tax) related to the sale of the 10.1% stake in Akbank T.A.S.

31


CITI HOLDINGS

        Citi Holdings contains businesses and portfolios of assets that Citigroup has determined are not central to its core Citicorp businesses. As of September 30, 2013, Citi Holdings assets were approximately $122 billion, a decrease of approximately 29% year-over-year and 7% from June 30, 2013. The decline in assets of $9 billion from June 30, 2013 was composed of approximately $4 billion of loan and other asset sales and $5 billion of run-off, pay-downs and charge-offs. As of September 30, 2013, Citi Holdings represented approximately 6% of Citi's GAAP assets, 11% of Citi's risk-weighted assets (as defined under current regulatory guidelines), and 19% of its estimated risk-weighted assets under Basel III.

        As of September 30, 2013, Consumer assets in Citi Holdings were approximately $107 billion, or approximately 88% of Citi Holdings assets. Of the Consumer assets, approximately $76 billion, or 71%, consisted of North America residential mortgages (residential first mortgages and home equity loans), including Consumer mortgages originated by Citi's legacy CitiFinancial North America business (approximately $12 billion, or 16%, of the $76 billion as of September 30, 2013).

 
  Third Quarter    
  Nine Months    
 
 
  %
Change
  %
Change
 
In millions of dollars, except as otherwise noted
  2013   2012   2013   2012  

Net interest revenue

  $ 776   $ 680     14 % $ 2,313   $ 1,984     17 %

Non-interest revenue

    476     (4,359 )   NM     932     (3,843 )   NM  
                           

Total revenues, net of interest expense

  $ 1,252   $ (3,679 )   NM   $ 3,245   $ (1,859 )   NM  
                           

Provisions for credit losses and for benefits and claims

                                     

Net credit losses

  $ 635   $ 1,807     (65 )% $ 2,335   $ 4,870     (52 )%

Credit reserve build (release)

    (674 )   (797 )   15     (1,501 )   (1,597 )   6  
                           

Provision for loan losses

  $ (39 ) $ 1,010     NM   $ 834   $ 3,273     (75 )%

Provision for benefits and claims

    153     160     (4 )%   475     496     (4 )

Provision (release) for unfunded lending commitments

    (5 )   (16 )   69     (2 )   (61 )   97  
                           

Total provisions for credit losses and for benefits and claims

  $ 109   $ 1,154     (91 )% $ 1,307   $ 3,708     (65 )%
                           

Total operating expenses

  $ 1,380   $ 1,187     16 % $ 4,429   $ 3,639     22 %
                           

Loss from continuing operations before taxes

  $ (237 ) $ (6,020 )   96 % $ (2,491 ) $ (9,206 )   73 %

Benefits for income taxes

    (139 )   (2,467 )   94     (1,035 )   (3,727 )   72  
                           

Loss from continuing operations

  $ (98 ) $ (3,553 )   97 % $ (1,456 ) $ (5,479 )   73 %

Noncontrolling interests

    6             12     3     NM  
                           

Net loss

  $ (104 ) $ (3,553 )   97 % $ (1,468 ) $ (5,482 )   73 %
                           

Balance sheet data (in billions of dollars)

                                     

Average assets

  $ 127   $ 184     (31 )% $ 141   $ 203     (31 )%

Total EOP assets

    122     171     (29 )                  

Total EOP loans

    96     122     (21 )                  

Total EOP deposits

    42     67     (37 )                  

Consumer net credit losses as a percentage of average loans

    2.47 %   5.96 %         3.01 %   5.12 %      
                           

NM Not meaningful

3Q13 vs. 3Q12

        The net loss decreased by 97% to $104 million, including CVA/DVA of a negative $4 million (compared to $23 million in the prior-year period), due to the pre-tax-loss of $4.7 billion ($2.9 billion after-tax) related to MSSB in the prior-year period. Excluding CVA/DVA in both periods and the third quarter of 2012 MSSB loss, the net loss decreased to $102 million compared to a net loss of $670 million in the prior-year period, as higher revenues and lower net credit losses were partially offset by higher expenses and lower loan loss reserve releases.

        Revenues increased to $1.3 billion, primarily due to the absence of the third quarter of 2012 MSSB loss. Excluding CVA/DVA in both periods and the third quarter of 2012 MSSB loss, revenues increased 28% to $1.3 billion primarily driven by the absence of residential mortgage repurchase reserve builds for representation and warranty claims in the current quarter (compared to $200 million in the prior-year period) and lower funding costs (for additional information on Citi's repurchase reserve, see "Managing Global Risk—Credit Risk—Citigroup Residential Mortgages—Representations and Warranties" below). Net interest revenues increased 14% due to lower funding costs. Non-interest revenue increased to $476 million primarily driven by the absence of the third quarter of 2012 MSSB loss, the absence of the repurchase reserve build recorded in the prior-year period and lower asset marks, partially offset by lower consumer revenues and lower gains on asset sales.

        Expenses increased 16%, driven by higher legal and related costs ($593 million in the current quarter compared to $250 million in the prior-year period), partially offset by lower volumes and divestitures. Excluding legal and related costs, expenses declined 16% versus the prior-year period.

        Provisions decreased 91%, driven primarily by improved credit in North America mortgages, lower volumes and divestitures. Net credit losses in the current quarter decreased by 65% to $635 million. Net credit losses in the third quarter of 2012 included approximately $635 million of incremental mortgage charge-offs required by OCC guidance regarding the treatment of mortgage loans where the borrower has gone through Chapter 7 bankruptcy. These incremental charge-offs were substantially offset by a related reserve release of approximately $600 million. Excluding these incremental

32


charge-offs, net credit losses declined 46%, principally reflecting improvements in North America mortgages. Net credit losses in the current quarter included $22 million related to Citi's continued fulfillment of its obligations under the independent foreclosure review settlements. Net credit losses will likely continue to be impacted as Citi completes its mortgage assistance obligations under the independent foreclosure review settlement, which is currently estimated to result in approximately $30 million of quarterly net credit losses through the first half of 2014 (see "Managing Global Risk—Credit Risk—Independent Foreclosure Review Settlement" below for additional information).

        Excluding the incremental charge-offs arising from the OCC guidance, net credit losses in North America mortgages would have declined 50% to $423 million, other Consumer portfolios in North America by 64% and international Consumer by 62%. These declines were driven by lower overall asset levels, the sale of current and delinquent loans as well as underlying credit improvements.

        Loan loss reserve releases decreased 16% to $679 million, which included a loan loss reserve release of approximately $725 million related to the North America mortgage portfolio, partially offset by losses on asset sales. Of the approximately $725 million related to the North America mortgage portfolio, approximately $425 million of loan loss reserve releases in the current quarter were utilized to offset net credit losses and the incremental reserve release of approximately $300 million was driven by continued improvement in delinquencies and home prices. Excluding the incremental reserve release of approximately $600 million relating to the OCC guidance, the loan loss reserve release in the current quarter would have increased $466 million to $679 million.

        Average assets declined 31%, driven by asset sales and portfolio run-off, including declines of $20 billion in North America mortgage loans.

3Q13 YTD vs. 3Q12 YTD

        Year-to-date, Citi Holdings has experienced similar trends to those described above. The net loss decreased by 73%, driven mainly by the absence of the third quarter of 2012 MSSB loss and improved credit performance, primarily in North America mortgages, partially offset by higher expenses.

        Revenues increased $5.1 billion to $3.2 billion, primarily due to the absence of the third quarter of 2012 MSSB loss. Excluding CVA/DVA in both periods and the third quarter of 2012 MSSB loss, revenues increased 20% to $3.2 billion primarily driven by lower funding costs and repurchase reserve builds for representation and warranty claims. The repurchase reserve build in the current period was $470 million, compared to $533 million in the prior-year period (see "Managing Global Risk—Credit Risk—Citigroup Residential Mortgages—Representations and Warranties" below).

        Expenses increased 22%, driven by higher legal and related costs, which increased by $1.3 billion to $1.9 billion, partially offset by lower volumes and divestitures.

        Provisions decreased 65%, driven primarily by the improved credit in North America mortgages, lower volumes and divestitures. Net credit losses decreased by 52%, driven by improved credit performance as well as the absence in the current period of $454 million of incremental charge-offs related to the national mortgage settlement and $635 million related to the OCC guidance, both incurred in the prior-year period. Excluding the incremental charge-offs of both the $454 million related to the national mortgage settlement and $635 million related to the OCC guidance in the prior-year period, net credit losses would have declined 38% in the current period. Net credit losses in the current period also included $128 million related to the national mortgage and independent foreclosure review settlements. Loan loss reserve releases decreased 6%, due to the absence of the $600 million in reserve releases related to the OCC guidance and $350 million of reserve releases related to the national mortgage settlement, each in the prior-year period. Excluding these incremental reserve releases, loan loss reserve releases would have more than doubled in the current period.

        Average assets decreased 31%, driven by asset sales and portfolio run-off, including declines in North America mortgage loans.

Payment Protection Insurance

        Over the past several years Citi, along with other financial institutions in the UK, has been subject to an increased number of claims relating to the sale of payment protection insurance products (PPI). For additional information, see "Citi Holdings—Local Consumer Lending—Payment Protection Insurance" in Citi's 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

        During the third quarter of 2013, Citi continued its customer contact exercise to contact proactively any customers who may have been mis-sold PPI after January 2005 and invite them to have their individual sale reviewed (Customer Contact Exercise). Citi currently expects to complete the Customer Contact Exercise during the first half of 2014.

        During the third quarter of 2013, Citi increased its PPI reserves by approximately $61 million, primarily due to an increase in the rate of response to the Customer Contact Exercise as well as a continued elevated level of customer complaints outside of the Customer Contact Exercise, and paid PPI claims totaling $74 million. At September 30, 2013, Citi's PPI reserve was $257 million.

33


BALANCE SHEET REVIEW

        The following sets forth a general discussion of the changes in certain of the more significant line items of Citi's Consolidated Balance Sheet. For additional information on Citigroup's liquidity resources, including its deposits, short-term and long-term debt and secured financing transactions, see "Capital Resources and Liquidity—Funding and Liquidity" below.

In billions of dollars   September 30,
2013
  June 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012
  3Q13 vs. 2Q13
Increase
(decrease)
  %
Change
  3Q13 vs. 4Q12
Increase
(decrease)
  %
Change
 

Assets

                                           

Cash and deposits with banks

  $ 205   $ 189   $ 139   $ 16     8 % $ 66     47 %

Federal funds sold and securities borrowed or purchased under agreements to resell

    274     263     261     11     4     13     5  

Trading account assets

    292     307     321     (15 )   (5 )   (29 )   (9 )

Investments

    304     300     312     4     1     (8 )   (3 )

Loans, net of unearned income and allowance for loan losses

    637     622     630     15     2     7     1  

Other assets

    188     203     202     (15 )   (7 )   (14 )   (7 )
                               

Total assets

  $ 1,900   $ 1,884   $ 1,865   $ 16     1 % $ 35     2 %
                               

Liabilities

                                           

Deposits

  $ 955   $ 938   $ 931   $ 17     2 % $ 24     3 %

Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase

    216     218     211     (2 )   (1 )   5     2  

Trading account liabilities

    122     123     116     (1 )   (1 )   6     5  

Short-term borrowings

    59     59     52             7     13  

Long-term debt

    222     221     239     1         (17 )   (7 )

Other liabilities

    123     127     125     (4 )   (3 )   (2 )   (2 )
                               

Total liabilities

  $ 1,697   $ 1,686   $ 1,674   $ 11     1 % $ 23     1 %

Total equity

    203     198     191     5     3     12     6  
                               

Total liabilities and equity

  $ 1,900   $ 1,884   $ 1,865   $ 16     1 % $ 35     2 %
                               

ASSETS

Cash and Deposits with Banks

        Cash and deposits with banks is composed of both Cash and due from banks and Deposits with banks. Cash and due from banks includes (i) cash on hand at Citi's domestic and overseas offices, and (ii) non-interest-bearing balances due from banks, including non-interest-bearing demand deposit accounts with correspondent banks, central banks (such as the Federal Reserve Bank), and other banks or depository institutions for normal operating purposes. Deposits with banks includes interest-bearing balances, demand deposits and time deposits held in or due from banks (including correspondent banks, central banks and other banks or depository institutions) maintained for, among other things, normal operating and regulatory reserve requirement purposes.

        During the third quarter of 2013, cash and deposits with banks increased 8%, driven by a $15 billion, or 9%, increase in deposits with banks and a $2 billion, or 5%, increase in due from banks. The growth in cash balances was driven by higher deposits in Transactions Services and continued reduction of Citi Holdings assets, partially offset by Securities and Banking Corporate lending growth. For additional information on Citi's deposits, see "Capital Resources and Liquidity—Funding and Liquidity" below.

Federal Funds Sold and Securities Borrowed or Purchased Under Agreements to Resell (Reverse Repos)

        Federal funds sold consist of unsecured advances to third parties of excess balances in reserve accounts held at the Federal Reserve Bank. During the third quarter of 2013, Citi's federal funds sold were not significant.

        Reverse repos and securities borrowed increased 4%, in the third quarter, primarily due to a change in the asset mix as well as the impact of FX translation. For further information regarding these balance sheet categories, see Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Trading Account Assets

        Trading account assets includes debt and marketable equity securities, derivatives in a net receivable position, residual interests in securitizations and physical commodities inventory. In addition, certain assets that Citigroup has elected to carry at fair value, such as certain loans and purchase guarantees, are also included in trading account assets.

        During the third quarter, trading account assets were down 5% due to declines in the markets businesses within Securities and Banking reflecting the lower levels of market activity during the quarter, including decreases in mortgage-backed securities ($6 billion or 15%), derivative assets ($5 billion or 9%) and foreign government securities ($3 billion, or 3%). Average trading account assets were $246 billion in the third quarter of 2013, compared to $263 billion in the second quarter of 2013.

        For further information on Citi's trading account assets, see Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

34


Investments

        Investments consist of debt and equity securities that are AFS, debt securities that are held-to-maturity, non-marketable equity securities that are carried at fair value and non-marketable equity securities carried at cost. Debt securities include bonds, notes and redeemable preferred stock, as well as certain mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities and other structured notes. Marketable and non-marketable equity securities carried at fair value include common and nonredeemable preferred stock. Nonmarketable equity securities carried at cost primarily include equity shares issued by the Federal Reserve Bank and the Federal Home Loan Banks (FHLB) that Citigroup is required to hold.

        During the third quarter of 2013, investments increased 1%, primarily due to a $2 billion, or 1%, growth in AFS securities, predominantly due to increases in foreign government securities, partially offset by declines in mortgage-backed securities to reduce the portfolio risk profile and U.S. treasury and agency securities.

        For further information regarding investments, see Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Loans

        Loans represent the largest asset category of Citi's balance sheet. Citi's total loans, net of unearned income, were $658 billion at September 30, 2013, compared to $644 billion at June 30, 2013 and $658 billion at September 30, 2012. The impact of FX translation was a negative $8 billion year-over-year and a positive $2 billion quarter-over-quarter. In addition, approximately $3 billion of loans were moved to Discontinued operations during the second quarter of 2013 as a result of the agreement to sell Citi's Brazil Credicard business (see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).

        Excluding the impact of FX translation and the Credicard loans,(13) loans increased 1% from the prior-year period and quarter-over-quarter. At the end of the third quarter of 2013, Consumer and Corporate loans represented 59% and 41%, respectively, of Citi's total loans.

        Loans were relatively unchanged from the prior-year period as growth in Citicorp was, partially offset by the continued decline in Citi Holdings. Within Citicorp, Consumer loans grew 4% from the prior-year period with growth in all regions. In North America, Consumer loans grew 3% from the prior year period, primarily reflecting the addition of approximately $7 billion of credit card loans as a result of the previously announced acquisition of Best Buy's U.S. credit card portfolio in the third quarter of 2013. Internationally, Consumer loans grew 5% from the prior-year period, driven by growth in Mexico, Hong Kong, Singapore and China, offset by headwinds in Korea. Corporate loans grew 9% from the prior-year period, with 9% growth in Asia and 7% growth in Latin America. Transaction Services loans grew 20% compared to the prior-year period including the previously-disclosed consolidation of $7 billion of trade loans in North America during the second quarter of 2013 as well as origination growth. Corporate loans, excluding trade loans, grew 2% from the prior-year period, as loan demand remained muted in the current market environment. Loans in Citi Holdings continued to decline in the third quarter with a 21% decrease compared to the prior-year period.

        Quarter-over-quarter, Citi Holdings loans declined 4% while Citicorp loans increased 3%. Citicorp Corporate and Consumer loans each increased 3%. The Consumer loan growth was primarily driven by the Best Buy acquisition. During the third quarter of 2013, average loans of $645 billion yielded an average rate of 7.0%, compared to $642 billion and 7.1% respectively, in the second quarter of 2013.

        For further information on Citi's loan portfolios, see generally "Managing Global Risk—Credit Risk" below and Note 13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Other Assets

        Other assets consists of brokerage receivables, goodwill, intangibles and mortgage servicing rights in addition to other assets (including, among other items, loans held-for-sale, deferred tax assets, equity-method investments, interest and fees receivable, premises and equipment, certain end-user derivatives in a net receivable position, repossessed assets and other receivables).

        During the third quarter of 2013, other assets decreased 7% primarily due to declines in loans held for sale.

        For further information regarding goodwill and intangible assets, see Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

LIABILITIES

Deposits

        Deposits represent customer funds that are payable on demand or upon maturity. For a discussion of Citi's deposits, see "Capital Resources and Liquidity—Funding and Liquidity" below.

Federal Funds Purchased and Securities Loaned or Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase (Repos)

        Federal funds purchased consist of unsecured advances of excess balances in reserve accounts held at the Federal Reserve Banks from third parties. During the third quarter of 2013, Citi's federal funds purchased were not significant.

        For further information on Citi's secured financing transactions, including repos and securities lending transactions, see "Capital Resources and Liquidity—Funding and Liquidity" below. See also Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on these balance sheet categories.

Trading Account Liabilities

        Trading account liabilities includes securities sold, not yet purchased (short positions), and derivatives in a net payable position, as well as certain liabilities that Citigroup has elected to carry at fair value.

        During the third quarter of 2013, trading account liabilities decreased by 1%, substantially all of which was due to a decrease in short equity positions, which was aligned with the corresponding increase in securities borrowing transactions discussed above. Average trading account liabilities were $71 billion, compared to $82 billion in the second quarter of 2013, primarily due to lower average Securities and Banking volumes.

   


(13)
Throughout this section, the discussion of loans excludes the impact of FX translation and reflects the movement of the Credicard loans to Discontinued operations during the second quarter of 2013.

35


        For further information on Citi's trading account liabilities, see Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Debt

        Debt is composed of both short-term and long-term borrowings. Short-term borrowings include commercial paper and borrowings from unaffiliated banks and other market participants, including the FHLB. Long-term borrowings include senior notes, subordinated notes, trust preferred securities and securitizations. For further information on Citi's long-term and short-term debt borrowings, see "Capital Resources and Liquidity—Funding and Liquidity" below and Note 16 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Other Liabilities

        Other liabilities consists of brokerage payables and other liabilities (including, among other items, accrued expenses and other payables, deferred tax liabilities, certain end-user derivatives in a net payable position, and reserves for legal claims, taxes, repositioning, unfunded lending commitments, and other matters).

36


SEGMENT BALANCE SHEET AT SEPTEMBER 30, 2013(1)

In millions of dollars   Global
Consumer
Banking
  Institutional
Clients
Group
  Corporate/Other,
Discontinued
Operations
and
Consolidating
Eliminations(2)
  Subtotal
Citicorp
  Citi
Holdings
  Citigroup
Parent
Company-
Issued
Long-Term
Debt and
Stockholders'
Equity(3)
  Total
Citigroup
Consolidated
 

Assets

                                           

Cash and deposits with banks

  $ 17,701   $ 67,473   $ 119,148   $ 204,322   $ 1,147   $   $ 205,469  

Federal funds sold and securities borrowed or purchased under agreements to resell

    5,577     267,172         272,749     930         273,679  

Trading account assets

    7,579     279,553     207     287,339     4,383         291,722  

Investments

    34,515     106,888     149,115     290,518     13,007         303,525  

Loans, net of unearned income and

                                           

allowance for loan losses

    282,337     265,769         548,106     88,840         636,946  

Other assets

    52,829     72,785     48,949     174,563     13,607         188,170  
                               

Total assets

  $ 400,538   $ 1,059,640   $ 317,419   $ 1,777,597   $ 121,914   $   $ 1,899,511  
                               

Liabilities and equity

                                           

Total deposits

  $ 330,148   $ 565,408   $ 18,087   $ 913,643   $ 41,817   $   $ 955,460  

Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase

    7,537     208,849         216,386     1         216,387  

Trading account liabilities

    35     120,671     272     120,978     1,070         122,048  

Short-term borrowings

    277     46,367     11,938     58,582     322         58,904  

Long-term debt

    2,052     38,680     14,778     55,510     6,385     159,698     221,593  

Other liabilities

    17,562     79,238     18,567     115,367     7,013         122,380  

Net inter-segment funding (lending)

    42,927     427     251,884     295,238     65,306     (360,544 )    
                               

Total liabilities

  $ 400,538   $ 1,059,640   $ 315,526   $ 1,775,704   $ 121,914   $ (200,846 ) $ 1,696,772  

Total equity

            1,893     1,893         200,846     202,739  
                               

Total liabilities and equity

  $ 400,538   $ 1,059,640   $ 317,419   $ 1,777,597   $ 121,914   $   $ 1,899,511  
                               

(1)
The supplemental information presented in the table above reflects Citigroup's consolidated GAAP balance sheet by reporting segment as of September 30, 2013. The respective segment information depicts the assets and liabilities managed by each segment as of such date. While this presentation is not defined by GAAP, Citi believes that these non-GAAP financial measures enhance investors' understanding of the balance sheet components managed by the underlying business segments, as well as the beneficial inter-relationship of the asset and liability dynamics of the balance sheet components among Citi's business segments.

(2)
Consolidating eliminations for total Citigroup and Citigroup parent company assets and liabilities are recorded within the Corporate/Other segment.

(3)
The total stockholders' equity and the majority of long-term debt of Citigroup resides in the Citigroup parent company Consolidated Balance Sheet. Citigroup allocates stockholders' equity and long-term debt to its businesses through inter-segment allocations as described above.

37



CAPITAL RESOURCES AND LIQUIDITY

CAPITAL RESOURCES

Overview

        Capital is used principally to support assets in Citi's businesses and to absorb credit, market and operational losses. Citi primarily generates capital through earnings from its operating businesses. Citi may augment its capital through issuances of common stock, perpetual preferred stock and equity issued through awards under employee benefit plans, among other issuances. During the first nine months of 2013, Citi issued $2.8 billion of noncumulative perpetual preferred stock, resulting in a total of approximately $5.2 billion outstanding as of September 30, 2013.

        Citi has also previously augmented its regulatory capital through the issuance of trust preferred securities, although the treatment of such instruments as regulatory capital will be phased out under the final U.S. Basel III rules (Final Basel III Rules) (see "Regulatory Capital Standards Developments" below). Accordingly, Citi has continued to redeem certain of its trust preferred securities in contemplation of such future phase out (see "Funding and Liquidity—Long-Term Debt" below).

        Further, changes in regulatory and accounting standards as well as the impact of future events on Citi's business results, such as corporate and asset dispositions, may also affect Citi's capital levels.

        For additional information on Citi's capital resources, including an overview of Citigroup's capital management framework, see "Capital Resources and Liquidity—Capital Resources" and "Risk Factors—Regulatory Risks" in Citigroup's 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Current Regulatory Capital Guidelines

Citigroup Capital Resources Under Current Regulatory Guidelines

        Citigroup is subject to the risk-based capital guidelines issued by the Federal Reserve Board which, as currently in effect, constitute the Basel I credit risk capital rules and, beginning January 1, 2013, also the final (revised) market risk capital rules (Basel II.5).

        Historically, capital adequacy has been measured, in part, based on two risk-based capital ratios, the Tier 1 Capital and Total Capital (Tier 1 Capital + Tier 2 Capital) ratios. Tier 1 Capital consists of the sum of "core capital elements," such as qualifying common stockholders' equity, as adjusted, qualifying perpetual preferred stock, qualifying noncontrolling interests, and qualifying trust preferred securities, principally reduced by goodwill, other disallowed intangible assets, and disallowed deferred tax assets. Total Capital also includes "supplementary" Tier 2 Capital elements, such as qualifying subordinated debt and a limited portion of the allowance for credit losses. Both measures of capital adequacy are stated as a percentage of risk-weighted assets.

        In 2009, the U.S. banking regulators developed a supervisory measure of capital termed "Tier 1 Common," which is defined as Tier 1 Capital less non-common elements, including qualifying perpetual preferred stock, qualifying noncontrolling interests, and qualifying trust preferred securities.

        Citigroup's risk-weighted assets are principally derived from application of the risk-based capital guidelines related to the measurement of credit risk. Pursuant to these guidelines, on balance sheet assets and the credit equivalent amount of certain off-balance-sheet exposures (such as financial guarantees, unfunded lending commitments, letters of credit and derivatives) are assigned to one of several prescribed risk-weight categories based upon the perceived credit risk associated with the obligor or, if relevant, the guarantor, the nature of the collateral, or external credit ratings. Risk-weighted assets also incorporate a measure for market risk on covered trading account positions and foreign exchange and commodity positions whether or not carried in the trading account. Excluded from risk-weighted assets are any assets, such as goodwill and deferred tax assets, to the extent required to be deducted from regulatory capital.

        Citigroup is also subject to a Leverage ratio requirement, a non-risk-based measure of capital adequacy, which is defined as Tier 1 Capital as a percentage of quarterly adjusted average total assets.

        To be "well capitalized" under current federal bank regulatory agency definitions, a bank holding company must have a Tier 1 Capital ratio of at least 6%, a Total Capital ratio of at least 10%, and not be subject to a Federal Reserve Board directive to maintain higher capital levels. In addition, the Federal Reserve Board currently expects bank holding companies to maintain a minimum Leverage ratio of 3% or 4%, depending on factors specified in its regulations. The following table sets forth Citigroup's regulatory capital ratios as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012:

 
  Sept. 30,
2013(1)
  Dec. 31,
2012(2)
 

Tier 1 Common

    12.68 %   12.67 %

Tier 1 Capital

    13.64     14.06  

Total Capital (Tier 1 Capital + Tier 2 Capital)

    16.68     17.26  

Leverage

    8.13     7.48  
           

(1)
Tier 1 Common, Tier 1 Capital and Total Capital ratios are calculated based on Basel I credit risk capital rules and final (revised) market risk capital rules (Basel II.5) effective on January 1, 2013.

(2)
Tier 1 Common, Tier 1 Capital, and Total Capital ratios are calculated based on Basel I credit risk and market risk capital rules.

        As indicated in the table above, Citigroup was "well capitalized" under the current federal bank regulatory agency definitions as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012.

38


Components of Citigroup Capital Under Current Regulatory Guidelines

In millions of dollars   September 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012
 

Tier 1 Common Capital

             

Citigroup common stockholders' equity(1)

  $ 195,662   $ 186,487  

Regulatory Capital Adjustments and Deductions:

             

Less: Net unrealized gains (losses) on securities AFS, net of tax(2)(3)

    (1,356 )   597  

Less: Accumulated net unrealized losses on cash flow hedges, net of tax

    (1,341 )   (2,293 )

Less: Defined benefit plans liability adjustment, net of tax(4)

    (4,317 )   (5,270 )

Less: Cumulative effect included in fair value of financial liabilities attributable to the change in own creditworthiness, net of tax(5)

    (138 )   18  

Less: Disallowed deferred tax assets(6)

    39,810     41,800  

Less: Intangible assets:

             

Goodwill, net of related deferred tax liability (DTL)

    23,527     24,170  

Other disallowed intangible assets, net of related DTL

    3,525     3,868  

Other

    (412 )   (502 )
           

Total Tier 1 Common Capital

  $ 135,540   $ 123,095  
           

Tier 1 Capital

             

Qualifying perpetual preferred stock(1)

  $ 5,184   $ 2,562  

Qualifying trust preferred securities

    4,221     9,983  

Qualifying noncontrolling interests

    846     892  
           

Total Tier 1 Capital

  $ 145,791   $ 136,532  
           

Tier 2 Capital

             

Allowance for credit losses(7)

  $ 13,479   $ 12,330  

Qualifying subordinated debt(8)

    19,070     18,689  

Net unrealized pretax gains on AFS equity securities(2)

    1     135  
           

Total Tier 2 Capital

  $ 32,550   $ 31,154  
           

Total Capital (Tier 1 Capital + Tier 2 Capital)

  $ 178,341   $ 167,686  
           

Citigroup Risk-Weighted Assets

In millions of dollars   September 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012(10)
 

Credit Risk-Weighted Assets(9)

  $ 943,462   $ 929,722  

Market Risk-Weighted Assets

    125,529     41,531  
           

Total Risk-Weighted Assets

  $ 1,068,991   $ 971,253  
           

(1)
Issuance costs of $59 million related to preferred stock outstanding at September 30, 2013 are excluded from common stockholders' equity and netted against preferred stock in accordance with Federal Reserve Board regulatory reporting requirements, which differ from those under U.S. GAAP.

(2)
Tier 1 Capital excludes net unrealized gains (losses) on AFS debt securities and net unrealized gains on AFS equity securities with readily determinable fair values, in accordance with current risk-based capital guidelines. Further, in arriving at Tier 1 Capital, banking organizations are required to deduct net unrealized losses on AFS equity securities with readily determinable fair values, net of tax. Banking organizations are permitted to include in Tier 2 Capital up to 45% of net unrealized pretax gains on AFS equity securities with readily determinable fair values.

(3)
In addition, includes the net amount of unamortized loss on held-to-maturity (HTM) securities. This amount relates to securities which were previously transferred from AFS to HTM, and non-credit-related factors such as changes in interest rates and liquidity spreads for HTM securities with other than temporary impairment.

(4)
The Federal Reserve Board granted interim capital relief for the impact of ASC 715-20, Compensation—Retirement Benefits—Defined Benefits Plans (formerly SFAS 158).

(5)
The impact of changes in Citigroup's own creditworthiness in valuing liabilities for which the fair value option has been elected is excluded from Tier 1 Capital, in accordance with current risk-based capital guidelines.

(6)
Of Citi's approximately $53 billion of net deferred tax assets at September 30, 2013, approximately $11 billion of such assets were not deducted in calculating regulatory capital pursuant to current risk-based capital guidelines, while approximately $40 billion of such assets exceeded the limitation imposed by these guidelines and were deducted in arriving at Tier 1 Capital. Citi's approximately $2 billion of other net deferred tax assets primarily represented deferred tax assets related to the regulatory capital adjustments for defined benefit plans liability, unrealized gains (losses) on AFS securities and cash flow hedges, offset by deferred tax liabilities related to the adjustments for goodwill and certain other intangible assets, which are permitted to be excluded prior to deriving the amount of net deferred tax assets subject to limitation under the guidelines.

(7)
Includable up to 1.25% of risk-weighted assets. Any excess allowance for credit losses is deducted in arriving at risk-weighted assets.

(8)
Includes qualifying subordinated debt in an amount not exceeding 50% of Tier 1 Capital.

(9)
Includes risk-weighted credit equivalent amounts, net of applicable bilateral netting agreements, of approximately $63 billion for interest rate, commodity, equity, foreign exchange, and credit derivative contracts as of September 30, 2013, compared with approximately $62 billion as of December 31, 2012. Credit risk-weighted assets also include those deriving from certain other off-balance-sheet exposures, such as financial guarantees, unfunded lending commitments and letters of credit, and reflect deductions such as for certain intangible assets and any excess allowance for credit losses.

(10)
Risk-weighted assets as computed under Basel I credit risk and market risk capital rules. Total risk-weighted assets at December 31, 2012, including estimated market risk-weighted assets of approximately $169.3 billion assuming application of the Basel II.5 rules, would have been approximately $1.11 trillion.

39


Citigroup Capital Rollforward Under Current Regulatory Guidelines

In millions of dollars   Three Months Ended
September 30, 2013
  Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2013
 

Tier 1 Common Capital

             

Balance, beginning of period

  $ 131,824   $ 123,095  

Net income

    3,227     11,217  

Dividends declared

    (140 )   (214 )

Net increase in treasury stock

    (397 )   (625 )

Net change in additional paid-in capital(1)

    174     698  

Net change in foreign currency translation adjustment included in accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax

    564     (1,854 )

Net change in cumulative effect included in fair value of financial liabilities attributable to the change in own creditworthiness, net of tax

    149     156  

Net decrease in disallowed deferred tax assets

    244     1,990  

Net change in goodwill and other intangible assets, net of related DTL

    (133 )   986  

Other

    28     91  
           

Net increase in Tier 1 Common Capital

  $ 3,716   $ 12,445  
           

Balance, end of period

  $ 135,540   $ 135,540  
           

Tier 1 Capital

             

Balance, beginning of period

  $ 143,502   $ 136,532  

Net increase in Tier 1 Common Capital

    3,716     12,445  

Net decrease in qualifying trust preferred securities

    (2,341 )   (5,762 )

Net increase in qualifying perpetual preferred stock(2)

    930     2,622  

Net decrease in qualifying noncontrolling interests

    (16 )   (46 )
           

Net increase in Tier 1 Capital

  $ 2,289   $ 9,259  
           

Balance, end of period

  $ 145,791   $ 145,791  
           

Tier 2 Capital

             

Balance, beginning of period

  $ 31,877   $ 31,154  

Net change in allowance for credit losses eligible for inclusion in Tier 2 Capital(3)

    (197 )   1,149  

Net increase in qualifying subordinated debt

    903     381  

Net change in net unrealized pretax gains on AFS equity securities eligible for inclusion in Tier 2 Capital

    (33 )   (134 )
           

Net increase in Tier 2 Capital

  $ 673   $ 1,396  
           

Balance, end of period

  $ 32,550   $ 32,550  
           

Total Capital (Tier 1 Capital + Tier 2 Capital)

  $ 178,341   $ 178,341  
           

(1)
Primarily represents an increase in additional paid-in capital related to employee benefit plans.

(2)
Citi issued $950 million and $2.8 billion of qualifying perpetual preferred stock during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013, respectively. These issuances were partially offset by both redemptions and the netting of issuance costs, which in the aggregate were $20 million and $153 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013, respectively.

(3)
The net change for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 reflects, in part, an increase in the portion of the allowance for credit losses eligible for inclusion in Tier 2 Capital resulting from an increase in gross risk-weighted assets due to the adoption of Basel II.5.

40


Capital Resources of Citigroup's Subsidiary U.S. Depository Institutions Under Current Regulatory Guidelines

        Citigroup's subsidiary U.S. depository institutions are also subject to risk-based capital guidelines issued by their respective primary federal bank regulatory agencies, which are similar to the guidelines of the Federal Reserve Board. The following table sets forth the capital tiers and capital ratios under current regulatory guidelines for Citibank, N.A., Citi's primary subsidiary U.S. depository institution, as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012.

In billions of dollars, except ratios   Sept. 30,
2013(1)
  Dec. 31,
2012(2)
 

Tier 1 Common Capital

  $ 121.2   $ 116.6  

Tier 1 Capital

    121.9     117.4  

Total Capital (Tier 1 Capital + Tier 2 Capital)

    140.6     135.5  
           

Tier 1 Common ratio

    13.62 %   14.12 %

Tier 1 Capital ratio

    13.70     14.21  

Total Capital ratio

    15.80     16.41  

Leverage ratio

    9.54     8.97  
           

(1)
Tier 1 Common, Tier 1 Capital, and Total Capital ratios are calculated based on Basel I credit risk capital rules and final (revised) market risk capital rules (Basel II.5) effective on January 1, 2013.

(2)
Tier 1 Common, Tier 1 Capital and Total Capital ratios are calculated based on Basel I credit risk and market risk capital rules.

Impact of Changes on Citigroup and Citibank, N.A. Capital Ratios Under Current Regulatory Guidelines

        The following table presents the estimated sensitivity of Citigroup's and Citibank, N.A.'s capital ratios to changes of $100 million in Tier 1 Common Capital, Tier 1 Capital or Total Capital (numerator), or changes of $1 billion in risk-weighted assets or adjusted average total assets (denominator), as of September 30, 2013. This information is provided for the purpose of analyzing the impact that a change in Citigroup's or Citibank, N.A.'s financial position or results of operations could have on these ratios. These sensitivities only consider a single change to either a component of capital, risk-weighted assets or adjusted average total assets. Accordingly, an event that affects more than one factor may have a larger basis point impact than is reflected in this table.

 
  Tier 1 Common ratio   Tier 1 Capital ratio   Total Capital ratio   Leverage ratio  
 
  Impact of $100
million change in
Tier 1 Common Capital
  Impact of $1
billion change in
risk-weighted
assets
  Impact of $100
million change in
Tier 1 Capital
  Impact of $1
billion change in
risk-weighted
assets
  Impact of $100
million change in
Total Capital
  Impact of $1
billion change in
risk-weighted
assets
  Impact of $100
million change in
Tier 1 Capital
  Impact of $1
billion change in
adjusted average
total assets
 

Citigroup

    0.9 bps     1.2 bps     0.9 bps     1.3 bps     0.9 bps     1.6 bps     0.6 bps     0.5 bps  
                                   

Citibank, N.A. 

    1.1 bps     1.5 bps     1.1 bps     1.5 bps     1.1 bps     1.8 bps     0.8 bps     0.7 bps  
                                   

Citigroup Broker-Dealer Subsidiaries

        At September 30, 2013, Citigroup Global Markets Inc., a U.S. broker-dealer registered with the SEC that is an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Citigroup, had net capital, computed in accordance with the SEC's net capital rule, of $6.3 billion, which exceeded the minimum requirement by $5.6 billion.

        In addition, certain of Citi's other broker-dealer subsidiaries are subject to regulation in the countries in which they do business, including requirements to maintain specified levels of net capital or its equivalent. Citigroup's other broker-dealer subsidiaries were in compliance with their capital requirements at September 30, 2013.


Basel III

Tier 1 Common Ratio

        At September 30, 2013, Citi's estimated Basel III Tier 1 Common ratio was 10.5%, compared to an estimated 10.0% at June 30, 2013 (each based on the "Advanced Approaches" for determining total risk-weighted assets).(14) The increase in the ratio quarter-over-quarter was primarily due to quarterly net income and other improvements to Tier 1 Common Capital, including further utilization of DTAs (see "Income Taxes" below) as well as continued lower overall risk-weighted assets, partially offset by share repurchases and dividends.

        The tables below set forth the components of Citi's Basel III capital, as well as estimated risk-weighted assets as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012.

41


Components of Citigroup Capital Under Basel III

In millions of dollars   September 30,
2013(1)
  December 31,
2012(2)
 

Tier 1 Common Capital

             

Citigroup common stockholders' equity(3)

  $ 195,662   $ 186,487  

Add: Qualifying noncontrolling interests

    172     171  

Regulatory Capital Adjustments and Deductions:

             

Less: Accumulated net unrealized losses on cash flow hedges, net of tax(4)

    (1,341 )   (2,293 )

Less: Cumulative change in fair value of financial liabilities attributable to the change in own creditworthiness, net of tax

    339     587  

Less: Intangible assets:

             

Goodwill, net of related DTL(5)

    24,721     25,488  

Identifiable intangible assets other than mortgage servicing rights (MSRs), net of related DTL

    4,966     5,632  

Less: Defined benefit pension plan net assets

    954     732  

Less: Deferred tax assets (DTAs) arising from net operating losses and foreign tax credit carryforwards

    27,974     28,800  

Less: Excess over 10%/15% limitations for other DTAs, certain common stock investments, and MSRs(6)

    16,530     22,316  
           

Total Tier 1 Common Capital

  $ 121,691   $ 105,396  
           

Additional Tier 1 Capital

             

Qualifying perpetual preferred stock(3)

  $ 5,184   $ 2,562  

Qualifying noncontrolling interests

    37     37  

Regulatory Capital Deduction:

             

Less: Minimum regulatory capital requirements of insurance underwriting subsidiaries(7)

    234     247  
           

Total Tier 1 Capital

  $ 126,678   $ 107,748  
           

Tier 2 Capital

             

Qualifying subordinated debt

  $ 19,070   $ 18,689  

Qualifying trust preferred securities

    4,221     9,983  

Qualifying noncontrolling interests

    49     49  

Regulatory Capital Adjustment and Deduction:

             

Add: Excess of eligible credit reserves over expected credit losses(8)

    2,667     5,115  

Less: Minimum regulatory capital requirements of insurance underwriting subsidiaries(7)

    234     247  
           

Total Tier 2 Capital

  $ 25,773   $ 33,589  
           

Total Capital (Tier 1 Capital + Tier 2 Capital)(9)

  $ 152,451   $ 141,337  
           

Citigroup Risk-Weighted Assets Under Basel III

In millions of dollars   September 30, 2013(1)   December 31, 2012(2)  

Advanced Approaches total risk-weighted assets

  $ 1,159,000   $ 1,206,000  

Standardized Approach total risk-weighted assets

  $ 1,157,000   $ 1,200,000  
           

(1)
Calculated based on the Final Basel III Rules, and with full implementation assumed for capital components.

(2)
Calculated based on the proposed U.S. Basel III rules (Basel III NPR), and with full implementation assumed for capital components.

(3)
Issuance costs of $59 million related to preferred stock outstanding at September 30, 2013 are excluded from common stockholders' equity and netted against preferred stock in accordance with Federal Reserve Board regulatory reporting requirements, which differ from those under U.S. GAAP.

(4)
Tier 1 Common Capital is adjusted for accumulated net unrealized gains (losses) on cash flow hedges included in accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) that relate to the hedging of items not recognized at fair value on the balance sheet.

(5)
Includes goodwill "embedded" in the valuation of significant common stock investments in unconsolidated financial institutions.

(6)
Aside from MSRs, reflects DTAs arising from temporary differences and significant common stock investments in unconsolidated financial institutions.

(7)
50% of the minimum regulatory capital requirements of insurance underwriting subsidiaries must be deducted from each of Tier 1 Capital and Tier 2 Capital.

(8)
Advanced Approaches banking organizations are permitted to include in Tier 2 Capital eligible credit reserves that exceed expected credit losses to the extent that the excess reserves do not exceed 0.6% of credit risk-weighted assets.

(9)
Total Capital as calculated under Advanced Approaches, which differs from the Standardized Approach in the treatment of the amount of eligible credit reserves includable in Tier 2 Capital. In accordance with the Standardized Approach, Total Capital was $163 billion and $149.3 billion at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively.

42


Citigroup Capital Rollforward Under Basel III

In millions of dollars   Three Months
Ended
September 30, 2013
  Nine Months
Ended
September 30, 2013
 

Tier 1 Common Capital

             

Balance, beginning of period

  $ 117,147   $ 105,396  

Net income

    3,227     11,217  

Dividends declared

    (140 )   (214 )

Net increase in treasury stock

    (397 )   (625 )

Net change in additional paid-in capital(1)

    174     699  

Net change in accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax

    1,126     (1,902 )

Net change in accumulated net unrealized losses on cash flow hedges, net of tax(2)

    (330 )   (952 )

Net change in cumulative change in fair value of financial liabilities attributable to the change in own creditworthiness, net of tax

    185     248  

Net change in goodwill, net of related DTL(3)

    (169 )   767  

Net change in other intangible assets other than mortgage servicing rights (MSRs), net of related DTL

    91     666  

Net increase in defined benefit pension plan net assets

    (78 )   (222 )

Net change in deferred tax assets (DTAs) arising from net operating losses and foreign tax credit carryforwards

    (74 )   826  

Net change in excess over 10%/15% limitations for other DTAs, certain common stock investments, and MSRs(4)

    918     5,786  

Other

    11     1  
           

Net increase in Tier 1 Common Capital

  $ 4,544   $ 16,295  
           

Balance, end of period

  $ 121,691   $ 121,691  
           

Tier 1 Capital

             

Balance, beginning of period

  $ 121,204   $ 107,748  

Net increase in Tier 1 Common Capital

    4,544     16,295  

Net increase in qualifying perpetual preferred stock

    930     2,622  

Other

        13  
           

Net increase in Tier 1 Capital

  $ 5,474   $ 18,930  
           

Balance, end of period

  $ 126,678   $ 126,678  
           

Tier 2 Capital

             

Balance, beginning of period

  $ 28,246   $ 33,589  

Net increase in qualifying subordinated debt

    903     381  

Net decrease in qualifying trust preferred securities

    (2,341 )   (5,762 )

Net change in excess of eligible credit reserves over expected credit losses

    (1,036 )   (2,448 )

Other

    1     13  
           

Net decrease in Tier 2 Capital

  $ (2,473 ) $ (7,816 )
           

Balance, end of period

  $ 25,773   $ 25,773  
           

Total Capital (Tier 1 Capital + Tier 2 Capital)

  $ 152,451   $ 152,451  
           

(1)
Primarily represents an increase in additional paid-in capital related to employee benefit plans.

(2)
Tier 1 Common Capital is adjusted for accumulated net unrealized gains (losses) on cash flow hedges included in AOCI that relate to the hedging of items not recognized at fair value on the balance sheet.

(3)
Includes goodwill "embedded" in the valuation of significant common stock investments in unconsolidated financial institutions.

(4)
Aside from MSRs, reflects DTAs arising from temporary differences and significant common stock investments in unconsolidated financial institutions.

43


Supplementary Leverage Ratio

        Citigroup's estimated Basel III Supplementary Leverage ratio was 5.1% for the third quarter of 2013, compared to an estimated 4.9% for the second quarter.(14) The quarter over quarter ratio improvement was primarily due to an increase in Tier 1 Capital arising largely from quarterly net income, partially offset by an increase in Total Leverage Exposure substantially resulting from higher on-balance sheet assets. The Supplementary Leverage ratio represents the average for the quarter of the three monthly ratios of Tier 1 Capital to Total Leverage Exposure (i.e., the sum of the ratios calculated for July, August and September, divided by three). Total Leverage Exposure is the sum of: (i) the carrying value of all on-balance sheet assets less applicable Tier 1 Capital deductions; (ii) the potential future exposure on derivative contracts; (iii) 10% of the notional amount of unconditionally cancellable commitments; and (iv) the full notional amount of certain other off-balance sheet exposures (e.g., other commitments and contingencies).


Regulatory Capital Standards Developments

Basel II.5

        In June 2012, the U.S. banking agencies released final (revised) market risk capital rules (Basel II.5), which became effective on January 1, 2013. Subsequently, in July 2013, the U.S. banking agencies issued a notice of proposed rulemaking that would amend Basel II.5 by conforming such rules to certain elements of the Final Basel III Rules, as well as incorporating additional clarifications. Citi does not expect that these changes to Basel II.5, if adopted as proposed, would have a material impact on the measurement of market risk capital.

Basel III

        In July 2013, the U.S. banking agencies released the Final Basel III Rules which comprehensively revise the regulatory capital framework for substantially all U.S. banking organizations, and implement many aspects of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision's (BCBS) Basel III rules as well as incorporate relevant provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act. The Final Basel III Rules are largely consistent with the Basel III NPR (including the Standardized Approach NPR and the Advanced Approaches NPR) issued in June 2012, as applicable to "Advanced Approaches" banking organizations (generally those with consolidated total assets of at least $250 billion or consolidated total on balance sheet foreign exposures of at least $10 billion), which includes Citi and Citibank, N.A. Advanced Approaches banking organizations are required to adopt the Final Basel III Rules effective January 1, 2014, with the exception of the "Standardized Approach" for deriving risk-weighted assets which becomes effective January 1, 2015. For additional information regarding the Basel III NPR, see "Capital Resources and Liquidity—Capital Resources—Regulatory Capital Standards—Basel III" in Citi's 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

        Among the more significant of the revisions under the Final Basel III Rules relative to Advanced Approaches banking organizations are the treatment of non-qualifying Tier 1 and Tier 2 Capital instruments and expansion of the capital floor provision of the "Collins Amendment" of the Dodd-Frank Act to include the Capital Conservation Buffer.

        The Final Basel III Rules require that Advanced Approaches banking organizations phase-out from Tier 1 Capital trust preferred securities issued prior to May 19, 2010 by January 1, 2016, with 50% of these capital instruments includable in Tier 1 Capital in 2014 and 25% includable in 2015. The trust preferred securities excluded from Tier 1 Capital may be included in full in Tier 2 Capital during those two years, but must be phased out of Tier 2 Capital by January 1, 2022 (declining in 10% annual increments starting at 60% in 2016).

        Under the Final Basel III Rules, any nonconforming Tier 2 Capital instruments (such as subordinated debt) issued prior to May 19, 2010 will be required to be phased out by January 1, 2016, but issuances after May 19, 2010 will be required to be excluded from capital as of January 1, 2014. Furthermore, in connection with the Final Basel III Rules, the U.S. banking agencies had indicated their views regarding the appropriate subordination standard for Tier 2 qualifying subordinated debt, which would have represented a departure from the current guidance upon which bank holding companies have, in part,

   


(14)
Citigroup's estimated Basel III Tier 1 Common ratio and estimated Basel III Supplementary Leverage ratio as of September 30, 2013 are based on the Final Basel III Rules, whereas these ratios as of June 30, 2013 are based on the Basel III NPR. Citi's Basel III estimates as of September 30, 2013, are based on its current understanding, expectations and interpretation of the Final Basel III Rules and are necessarily subject to, among other matters, Citi's review and implementation of the Final Basel III Rules, anticipated compliance with all required enhancements to model calibration and other refinements with respect to the Basel III Tier 1 Common ratio, and further regulatory implementation guidance in the U.S. Citi's estimated Basel III Tier 1 Common ratio and estimated Basel III Supplementary Leverage ratio and certain related components are non-GAAP financial measures. Citigroup believes these ratios and their components provide useful information to investors and others by measuring Citigroup's progress against future regulatory capital standards.

44


historically relied. The U.S. banking agencies have, however, subsequently clarified these views, indicating the intent to retain unchanged the current guidance regarding subordination standards. As such, Citi's outstanding Tier 2 subordinated debt continues to be qualifying, and is therefore not subject to future exclusion or phase out under the Final Basel III Rules.

        With regard to minimum required risk-based capital ratios, the Final Basel III Rules modify the regulations implementing the capital floor provision of the Collins Amendment as adopted in June 2011. This provision requires Advanced Approaches banking organizations to calculate each of the three risk-based capital ratios (Tier 1 Common, Tier 1 Capital and Total Capital) under both the Standardized Approach starting on January 1, 2015 (or, for 2014, prior to the effective date of the Standardized Approach, the existing Basel I and Basel II.5 capital rules) and the "Advanced Approaches" and report the lower (most conservative) of each of the resulting capital ratios.

        Advanced Approaches banking organizations, such as Citi, are required, however, to participate in a "parallel run" period, wherein their publicly disclosed ratios (and ratios against which compliance with the regulatory capital framework is to be measured) would consist of only those risk-based capital ratios calculated under the Basel I and Basel II.5 Capital rules (or, after January 1, 2015, under the Standardized Approach). During the parallel run period, Advanced Approaches banking organizations are required to report their risk-based capital ratios under the Advanced Approaches only to their primary federal banking regulator, which for Citi is the Federal Reserve Board. Upon exiting parallel run, with the permission of its primary federal banking regulator, an Advanced Approaches banking organization would then be required to disclose (and would be measured for compliance against) the lower of each of the risk-based capital ratios calculated under the Collins Amendment, as set forth above.

        In contrast to the Basel III NPR, however, the Final Basel III Rules also require that the Capital Conservation Buffer for Advanced Approaches banking organizations, as well as the Countercyclical Capital Buffer, if invoked, be calculated in accordance with the Collins Amendment, thus requiring use of both the Advanced Approaches and the Standardized Approach (or the existing Basel I and Basel II.5 capital rules in 2014) to determine compliance based on the lower (more conservative) of the two. The buffers are to be phased in incrementally from January 1, 2016 through January 1, 2019.

        The Final Basel III Rules are substantially consistent with the Basel III NPR with regard to the Standardized Approach, although the Final Basel III Rules did not adopt modifications to the calculation of risk-weighting for residential mortgages as were proposed. The Final Basel III Rules pertaining to the Standardized Approach are applicable to substantially all U.S. banking organizations and, when effective on January 1, 2015, will become the generally applicable risk-based standard for purposes of the Collins Amendment floor, replacing the existing Basel I and Basel II.5 capital rules governing the calculation of risk-weighted assets.

        Under the Final Basel III Rules, consistent with the Basel III NPR, Advanced Approaches banking organizations are also required to calculate two leverage ratios, a "Tier 1" Leverage ratio and a "Supplementary" Leverage ratio. Citi, as with substantially all U.S. banking organizations, will be required to maintain a minimum Tier 1 Leverage ratio of 4%. The Supplementary Leverage ratio significantly differs from the Tier 1 Leverage ratio by including certain off-balance sheet exposures within the denominator of the ratio. Advanced Approaches banking organizations will be required to maintain a minimum Supplementary Leverage ratio of 3% commencing on January 1, 2018, but must commence disclosing this ratio on January 1, 2015.

        In July 2013, subsequent to the release of the Final Basel III Rules, the U.S. banking agencies also issued a notice of proposed rulemaking which would amend the Final Basel III Rules to impose on the eight largest U.S. bank holding companies (currently identified as globally systemically important banks (G-SIBs) by the Financial Stability Board, which includes Citi) a 2% leverage buffer in addition to the stated 3% minimum Supplementary Leverage ratio requirement. The leverage buffer would operate in a manner similar to that of the Capital Conservation Buffer, such that if a banking organization failed to exceed the 2% requirement it would be subject to increasingly onerous restrictions (depending upon the extent of the shortfall) regarding capital distributions and discretionary executive bonus payments. Accordingly, the proposal would effectively raise the Supplementary Leverage ratio requirement to 5%. Additionally, the proposed rules would require that insured depository institution subsidiaries of these bank holding companies, such as Citibank, N.A. maintain a minimum Supplementary Leverage ratio of 6% to be considered "well capitalized" under the revised prompt corrective action framework.

        Separately, in June 2013, the BCBS proposed revisions that would significantly increase the denominator of the Basel III Leverage ratio (the equivalent of the U.S. Supplementary Leverage ratio), primarily in relation to the measurement of exposure regarding derivatives and securities financing transactions. The U.S. banking agencies may revise the Supplementary Leverage ratio in the future based upon any revisions adopted by the BCBS.

45



Tangible Common Equity and Tangible Book Value Per Share

        Tangible common equity (TCE), as currently defined by Citigroup, represents common equity less goodwill and other intangible assets (other than mortgage servicing rights (MSRs)). Other companies may calculate TCE in a different manner.

        The following table sets forth Citi's TCE and related information as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012.(15) The decline in Citi's TCE ratio as of September 30, 2013 was primarily due to a significant increase in market risk-weighted assets resulting from the adoption of Basel II.5 on January 1, 2013, offset in part by net income during the period.

In millions of dollars or shares, except ratios and per share data   September 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012
 

Total Citigroup stockholders' equity

  $ 200,846   $ 189,049  

Less:

             

Preferred stock

    5,243     2,562  
           

Common equity

  $ 195,603   $ 186,487  

Less:

             

Goodwill

    25,098     25,673  

Other intangible assets (other than MSRs)

    4,888     5,697  

Goodwill and other intangible assets (other than MSRs) related to assets of discontinued operations held for sale

    267     32  

Net deferred tax assets related to goodwill and other intangible assets

        32  
           

Tangible common equity (TCE)

  $ 165,350   $ 155,053  
           

Tangible assets

             

GAAP assets

  $ 1,899,511   $ 1,864,660  

Less:

             

Goodwill

    25,098     25,673  

Other intangible assets (other than MSRs)

    4,888     5,697  

Goodwill and other intangible assets (other than MSRs) related to assets for discontinued operations held for sale

    267     32  

Net deferred tax assets related to goodwill and other intangible assets

        309  
           

Tangible assets (TA)

  $ 1,869,258   $ 1,832,949  
           

Risk-weighted assets (RWA)

  $ 1,068,991 (1) $ 971,253 (2)
           

TCE/TA ratio

    8.85 %   8.46 %
           

TCE/RWA ratio

    15.47 %   15.96 %
           

Common shares outstanding (CSO)

    3,033.0     3,028.9  
           

Book value per share (common equity/CSO)

  $ 64.49   $ 61.57  

Tangible book value per share (TCE/CSO)

  $ 54.52   $ 51.19  
           

(1)
Risk-weighted assets as computed under current regulatory capital guidelines.

(2)
Risk-weighted assets as computed under Basel I credit risk and market risk capital rules.

   


(15)
TCE, tangible book value per share and related ratios are non-GAAP financial measures. Citigroup believes these ratios and their components provide useful information to investors as they are capital adequacy metrics used and relied upon by investors and industry analysts.

46


FUNDING AND LIQUIDITY

Overview

        Citi's funding and liquidity objectives are to maintain liquidity to fund its existing asset base as well as grow its core businesses in Citicorp, while at the same time maintain sufficient excess liquidity, structured appropriately, so that it can operate under a wide variety of market conditions, including market disruptions for both short- and long-term periods. Citigroup's primary liquidity objectives are established by entity, and in aggregate, across three major categories:

        At an aggregate level, Citigroup's goal is to maintain sufficient funding in amount and tenor to fully fund customer assets and to provide an appropriate amount of cash and high quality liquid assets.(16) The liquidity framework provides that entities be self-sufficient or net providers of liquidity, including in conditions established under their designated stress tests.

        Citi's primary sources of funding include (i) deposits via Citi's bank subsidiaries, which are Citi's most stable and lowest cost source of long-term funding, (ii) long-term debt (primarily senior and subordinated debt) primarily issued at the parent and certain bank subsidiaries, and (iii) stockholders' equity. These sources may be supplemented by short-term borrowings, primarily in the form of secured financing transactions (securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase, or repos).

        As referenced above, Citigroup works to ensure that the structural tenor of these funding sources is sufficiently long in relation to the tenor of its asset base. The key goal of Citi's asset/liability management is to ensure that there is excess tenor in the liability structure so as to provide excess liquidity after funding the assets. The excess liquidity resulting from a longer-term tenor profile can effectively offset potential decreases in liquidity that may occur under stress. This excess funding is held in the form of high quality liquid assets which Citi generally refers to as its "liquidity resources," and is described further below.

   


(16)
As set forth in the table below, "high quality liquid assets" generally is defined as available cash at central banks and unencumbered liquid securities and is based on Citi's current interpretation of the definition of "high quality liquid assets" under the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision's proposed Basel III Liquidity Coverage Ratio. See "Liquidity Measures" below.

47


High Quality Liquid Assets

 
  Parent   Significant Citibank Entities   Other Citibank and Banamex Entities   Total  
In billions of dollars   Sept. 30,
2013
  Jun. 30,
2013
  Sept. 30,
2012
  Sept. 30,
2013
  Jun. 30,
2013
  Sept. 30,
2012
  Sept. 30,
2013
  Jun. 30,
2013
  Sept. 30,
2012
  Sept. 30,
2013
  Jun. 30,
2013
  Sept. 30,
2012
 

Available cash

  $ 40.7   $ 34.1   $ 50.9   $ 84.1   $ 67.5   $ 72.7   $ 11.5   $ 13.8   $ 15.9   $ 136.3   $ 115.3   $ 139.5  

Unencumbered liquid securities

    24.2     23.8     26.8     172.9     170.5     164.0     76.2     78.0     73.9     273.3     272.3     264.7  
                                                   

Total

  $ 65.0   $ 57.9   $ 77.7   $ 257.0   $ 238.0   $ 236.7   $ 87.7   $ 91.8   $ 89.8   $ 409.6   $ 387.6   $ 404.2  
                                                   

Note: Amounts for the second and third quarter of 2013 are based on Citi's current interpretation of the definition of "high quality liquid assets" under the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision's proposed Basel III Liquidity Coverage Ratio (see "Liquidity Measures" below). Amounts for the third quarter of 2012 are based on Citi's prior internal view of its liquidity resources (available cash at central banks and unencumbered liquid securities); such amounts have not been adjusted due to immateriality. All amounts in the table above are as of period-end and may increase or decrease intra-period in the ordinary course of business. On October 24, 2013, the Federal Reserve Board issued proposed quantitative liquidity requirements for U.S. institutions, including Citi. Citi continues to review these proposals and their impact on its definition of liquidity resources and estimated LCR.

        As set forth in the table above, Citigroup's liquidity resources increased from June 30, 2013. The primary driver of the increase in Citi's total liquidity resources quarter-over-quarter was an increase in available cash(17) in the significant Citibank entities, primarily as a result of an increase in deposits in Transaction Services (see "Deposits" below), credit card securitization issuances and a continued reduction of Citi Holdings assets, partially offset by Securities and Banking Corporate lending growth.

        Citi's liquidity resources as of September 30, 2013 set forth in the table above do not include additional potential liquidity in the form of Citigroup's borrowing capacity from the various Federal Home Loan Banks (FHLB), which was approximately $28 billion as of September 30, 2013 and is maintained by pledged collateral to all such banks. The liquidity resources shown above also do not include Citi's borrowing capacity at the U.S. Federal Reserve Bank discount window or international central banks, which capacity would also be in addition to the resources noted above.

        In general, Citigroup can freely fund legal entities within its bank vehicles. Citigroup's bank subsidiaries, including Citibank, N.A., can lend to the Citigroup parent and broker-dealer entities in accordance with Section 23A of the Federal Reserve Act. As of September 30, 2013, the amount available for lending to these entities under Section 23A was approximately $17 billion (compared to approximately $18 billion at June 30, 2013), provided the funds are collateralized appropriately.

High Quality Liquid Assets—By Type

        The following table shows the composition of Citi's liquidity resources by type of asset as of each of the periods indicated. For securities, the amounts represent the liquidity value that could potentially be realized, and thus excludes any securities that are encumbered, as well as the haircuts that would be required for secured financing transactions.

        The increase in foreign government securities from the second quarter of 2013 was primarily due to interest rate management activities and growth in international deposits.

        Citi's liquidity resources are composed entirely of cash, securities positions and contractual committed facilities from the central banks. While Citi utilizes derivatives to manage the interest rate and currency risks related to the liquidity resources, credit derivatives are not used.

In billions of dollars   Sept. 30,
2013
  Jun. 30,
2013
  Sept. 30,
2012
 

Available cash

  $ 136.3   $ 115.3   $ 139.5  

U.S. Treasuries

    77.8     80.2     73.0  

U.S. Agencies/Agency MBS

    58.3     64.0     67.0  

Foreign Government(1)

    121.2     111.6     119.5  

Other Investment Grade(2)

    16.0     16.5     5.3  
               

Total

  $ 409.6   $ 387.6   $ 404.2  
               

Note: Amounts for the second and third quarter of 2013 are based on Citi's interpretation of the definition of "high quality liquid assets" under the proposed Basel Committee on Banking Supervision's Basel III Liquidity Coverage Ratio (see "Liquidity Measures" below). Amounts for the third quarter of 2012 are based on Citi's prior internal view of its liquidity resources; such amounts have not been adjusted due to immateriality.

(1)
Foreign government also includes foreign government agencies, multinationals and foreign government guaranteed securities. Foreign government securities are held largely to support local liquidity requirements and Citi's local franchises and, as of September 30, 2013, principally included government bonds from Brazil, Hong Kong, Japan, Korea, Mexico, Singapore and Taiwan.

(2)
Includes contractual committed facilities from central banks in the amount of $0.9 billion and $0.7 billion at the end of the third and second quarters of 2013, respectively.

   


(17)
Includes (i) "available cash" liquidity resources include cash on deposit with major central banks, including the U.S. Federal Reserve Bank, European Central Bank, Bank of England, Swiss National Bank, Bank of Japan, the Monetary Authority of Singapore and the Hong Kong Monetary Authority, as well as other cash held in vaults and (ii) unencumbered liquid securities that are available for sale, as collateral for secured financing through private markets or by pledging to the major central banks.

48


Deposits

        Deposits are the primary and lowest cost funding source for Citi's bank subsidiaries. The table below sets forth the end of period deposits, by business and/or segment, and the total average deposits for each of the periods indicated.

In billions of dollars   Sept. 30,
2013
  Jun. 30,
2013
  Sept. 30,
2012
 

Global Consumer Banking

                   

North America

  $ 168.6   $ 165.9   $ 156.9  

EMEA

    12.5     12.9     12.9  

Latin America

    47.5     46.6     47.3  

Asia

    101.6     101.2     113.1  
               

Total

  $ 330.2   $ 326.6   $ 330.2  
               

ICG

                   

Securities and Banking

  $ 112.6   $ 105.8   $ 119.4  

Transaction Services

    452.8     426.1     425.5  
               

Total

  $ 565.4   $ 531.9   $ 544.9  

Corporate/Other

    18.0     15.2     2.7  
               

Total Citicorp

  $ 913.6   $ 873.7   $ 877.8  

Total Citi Holdings(1)

    41.8     64.7     66.8  
               

Total Citigroup Deposits (EOP)

  $ 955.4   $ 938.4   $ 944.6  
               

Total Citigroup Deposits (AVG)

  $ 922.1   $ 924.5   $ 921.2  
               

(1)
Included within Citi's end of period deposit balance as of September 30, 2013 were approximately $35 billion of deposits related to Morgan Stanley Smith Barney (MSSB) customers that, as previously disclosed, will be transferred to Morgan Stanley, with remaining balances transferred in the amount of approximately $5 billion per quarter through the end of the second quarter of 2015.

        End of period deposits increased 1% year-over-year and 2% quarter-over-quarter. The increase from the prior-year period was driven by underlying business growth as well as certain episodic inflows of Corporate deposits within Transaction Services towards the end of the third quarter, some of which have since run-off as expected. During the third quarter of 2013, approximately $23 billion of deposits relating to MSSB were transferred to Morgan Stanley.

        Average deposits were roughly flat year-over-year and quarter-over-quarter on a reported basis. Average Global Consumer Banking deposits were flat year-over-year, as 8% North America growth was offset by a decline in Asia, from efforts to rebalance the deposit portfolio mix. Average Transaction Services deposits grew by 4% year-over-year, led by deposit growth in EMEA and Latin America, partially offset by a reduction of higher cost time deposits in Asia. This deposit growth in Transaction Services was offset by an 8% decline in Securities and Banking deposits year-over-year, driven by reduced deposit balances with counterparties in Citi's Markets businesses, partially offset by continued deposit growth in the Private Bank.

        Operating balances(18) represented 79% of Citicorp's total deposit base as of September 30, 2013, flat to June 30, 2013 and compared to 76% at September 30, 2012. This shift to operating balances, combined with overall market conditions and prevailing interest rates, continued to reduce Citi's cost of deposits during the third quarter of 2013. Excluding the impact of FDIC assessments and deposit insurance, the average rate on Citi's total deposits was 0.53% at September 30, 2013, compared with 0.56% at June 30, 2013 and 0.70% at September 30, 2012.

Long-Term Debt

        Long-term debt (generally defined as original maturities of one year or more) continued to represent the most significant component of Citi's funding for the parent entities. Parent includes the parent holding company (Citigroup Inc.) and Citi's broker-dealer subsidiaries that are consolidated into Citigroup.

        Long-term debt is an important funding source for Citi's parent entities due in part to its multi-year maturity structure. The weighted average maturities of long-term debt issued by Citigroup and its affiliates (including Citibank, N.A.) with a remaining life greater than one year (excluding trust preferred securities) was approximately 6.9 years as of September 30, 2013, unchanged from the prior quarter and prior year period.

        Citi's long-term debt outstanding includes benchmark notes and structured notes, such as equity- and credit-linked notes. Citi's issuance of structured notes is generally driven by customer demand. Structured notes frequently contain contractual features, such as call options, which can lead to an expectation that the debt will be redeemed earlier than one year, despite contractually scheduled original maturities greater than one year.

Long-Term Debt Outstanding

        The following table sets forth Citi's total long-term debt outstanding for the periods indicated:

In billions of dollars   September 30,
2013
  June 30,
2013
  September 30,
2012
 

Parent

  $ 168.6   $ 172.6   $ 210.0  

Senior debt

    114.1     118.1     144.5  

Subordinated debt(1)

    28.0     26.5     28.0  

Trust preferred securities

    4.3     6.6     10.6  

Structured notes and other(2)

    22.2     21.4     26.9  
               

Bank

  $ 53.0   $ 48.4   $ 61.9  

Senior debt

    7.5     7.5     10.6  

Subordinated debt

    0.4     0.4     0.8  

Securitizations(3)

    30.3     25.5     30.8  

FHLB borrowings

    14.3     14.5     17.3  

Structured notes and other

    0.5     0.5     2.4  
               

Total long-term debt

  $ 221.6   $ 221.0   $ 271.9  
               

(1)
Subordinated debt at the parent level includes approximately $3.3 billion of subordinated debt that was issued upon exchange of approximately $3.0 billion of trust preferred securities during 2013 that were previously held by the U.S. Treasury and FDIC. As a result of this exchange, the trust preferred securities were transferred into the subordinated debt line item.

(2)
Includes securitizations of $0.2 billion, $0.3 billion and $3.5 billion during the third and second quarters of 2013, and third quarter of 2012, respectively.

(3)
Of the approximately $30.3 billion of total bank securitizations at September 30, 2013, approximately $28.8 billion related to credit card securitizations.

   


(18)
Citi defines operating balances as checking and savings accounts for individuals, as well as cash management accounts for corporations. This compares to time deposits, where rates are fixed for the term of the deposit and which have generally lower margins.

49


        As set forth in the table above, Citi's overall long-term debt remained flat quarter-over-quarter, as the continued reduction in parent debt was offset by increases at the bank. In the bank, the increase was due to approximately $4.9 billion of credit card securitizations by the Citibank Credit Card Issuance Trust (CCCIT) during the third quarter. In the parent, the decrease was primarily due to debt maturities, trust preferred redemptions, and debt repurchases through tender offers or buybacks, offset by issuances. Citi expects this trend to continue into the fourth quarter, with a modest further reduction in unsecured parent company debt, offset by growth in securitization activities at the bank.

        As previously disclosed and as part of its liquidity and funding strategy, Citi has considered, and may continue to consider, opportunities to repurchase its long-term and short-term debt pursuant to open market purchases, tender offers or other means. Such repurchases decrease Citi's overall funding costs. During the third quarter of 2013, Citi repurchased an aggregate of approximately $3.8 billion of its outstanding long-term and short-term debt primarily pursuant to selective public tender offers and open market purchases. Citi also redeemed $1.0 billion of trust preferred securities during the current quarter, and announced the redemption of $0.4 billion of outstanding trust preferred securities, which closed on October 1, 2013. During the third quarter, Citi also exchanged the remaining $2.2 billion of trust preferred securities held by the FDIC for two series of subordinated notes, which were then remarketed to third party investors (for details on Citi's remaining outstanding trust preferred securities, see Note 16 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).

        Year-to-date, Citi has reduced its long-term debt outstanding at the parent by approximately $20 billion, including a $12 billion net reduction from maturities, redemptions, and issuances; $6 billion of mark-to-market decrease due to increasing interest rates; and $2 billion as a result of FX translation, primarily due to the weakening of certain currencies. During the remainder of 2013, Citi expects any further trust preferred redemptions and/or debt buybacks to likely be offset by increased issuances. Generally, changes in Citi's long-term debt reflect the funding needs of its businesses, and also depends on the economic environment as well as any potential new regulatory changes, such as prescribed levels of debt required to be maintained by Citi pursuant to the U.S. banking regulators orderly liquidation authority (for additional information, see "Risk Factors—Regulatory Risks" in Citi's 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K).

Long-Term Debt Issuances and Maturities

        The table below details Citi's long-term debt issuances and maturities (including repurchases and redemptions) during the periods presented:

 
  For the nine months ended
September 30, 2013
 
In billions of dollars   Maturities(1)   Issuances(1)  

Parent

  $ 36.5   $ 24.5  

Senior debt

    20.7     13.7  

Subordinated debt

    2.0     4.6  

Trust preferred securities

    7.0     0.0  

Structured notes(2)

    6.8     6.2  

Bank

  $ 14.5   $ 17.2  

Senior debt

    2.7     2.1  

Subordinated debt

    0.2     0.0  

FHLB borrowings

    9.8     7.8  

Securitizations(2)

    1.8     7.3  
           

Total

  $ 51.0   $ 41.7  
           

(1)
Maturities include the redemption of approximately $3.0 billion of trust preferred securities previously held by the U.S. Treasury and FDIC. Issuance includes the exchange of these trust preferred securities for approximately $3.3 billion of subordinated debt.

(2)
Includes $2.1 billion of equity-linked and credit-linked notes with early redemption features effective within one year.

        The table below shows Citi's aggregate long-term debt maturities year to date in 2013, as well as its aggregate expected annual long term debt maturities, in each case including repurchases and redemptions, as of September 30, 2013:

 
   
  Expected Long-Term Debt Maturities as of September 30, 2013  
 
  Maturities
2013YTD
 
In billions of dollars   2013   2014   2015   2016   2017   2018   Thereafter   Total  

Parent

  $ 36.5   $ 6.7   $ 24.7   $ 20.2   $ 20.2   $ 21.5   $ 12.7   $ 62.6   $ 168.6  

Senior debt

    20.7     5.6     16.6     15.3     15.5     15.8     9.9     35.4     114.1  

Subordinated debt

    2.0     0.0     4.0     0.7     1.5     3.8     1.2     16.8     28.0  

Trust preferred securities

    7.0     0.4     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     3.9     4.3  

Structured notes

    6.8     0.7     4.1     4.2     3.2     1.9     1.6     6.3     22.0  

Other

    0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.2     0.2  
                                       

Bank

  $ 14.5   $ 3.1   $ 17.5   $ 10.7   $ 9.6   $ 3.1   $ 5.7   $ 3.3   $ 53.0  

Senior debt

    2.5     0.4     1.8     2.0     1.2     0.8     0.2     1.1     7.5  

Subordinated debt

    0.2     0.0     0.1     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.3     0.4  

Securitizations

    1.8     0.7     8.0     7.6     4.4     2.3     5.5     1.8     30.3  

FHLB borrowings

    9.8     2.0     7.3     1.0     4.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     14.3  

Structured notes

    0.2     0.0     0.3     0.1     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.1     0.5  
                                       

Total long-term debt

  $ 51.0   $ 9.8   $ 42.2   $ 30.9   $ 29.8   $ 24.6   $ 18.4   $ 65.9   $ 221.6  
                                       

50


Secured Financing Transactions and Short-Term Borrowings

        As referenced above, Citi supplements its primary sources of funding with short-term borrowings. Short-term borrowings generally include (i) secured financing (securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase, or repos) and (ii) short-term borrowings consisting of commercial paper and borrowings from the FHLB and other market participants. See Note 16 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further information on Citigroup's and its affiliates' outstanding short-term borrowings.

Secured Financing

        Secured financing is primarily conducted through Citi's broker-dealer subsidiaries to facilitate customer matched-book activity and to efficiently fund a portion of the trading inventory. Generally, changes in the level of secured financing are primarily due to fluctuations in inventory (either on an end-of-quarter or on an average basis).

        Secured financing was $216 billion as of September 30, 2013, compared to $218 as of June 30, 2013 and $224 billion as of September 30, 2012. The decrease in secured financing quarter-over-quarter was primarily driven by a reduction in trading positions in Securities and Banking businesses (see "Balance Sheet Review—Assets" above).

        Average balances for secured financing were approximately $225 billion for the quarter ended September 30, 2013, compared to $243 for the quarter ended June 30, 2013 and $221 billion for the quarter ended September 30, 2012. The decrease in average balances quarter-over-quarter was primarily due to a return to normal levels after unusually high average balances in the second quarter of 2013 (driven by seasonal intra-quarter growth, particularly in EMEA).

Commercial Paper

        The following table sets forth Citi's commercial paper outstanding for each of its parent and significant Citibank entities, respectively, for each of the periods indicated.

In billions of dollars   Sept. 30,
2013
  Jun. 30,
2013
  Sept. 30,
2012
 

Commercial paper

                   

Parent

  $ 0.3   $ 0.2   $ 0.6  

Significant Citibank Entities

    17.6     18.1     11.8  
               

Total

  $ 17.9   $ 18.3   $ 12.4  
               

Other Short-Term Borrowings

        At September 30, 2013, Citi's other short-term borrowings, which includes borrowings from the FHLB and other market participants, were approximately $41 billion, compared with $40 billion at June 30, 2013 and $37 billion at September 30, 2012.

Liquidity Management, Measures and Stress Testing

        For a discussion of Citi's liquidity management and stress testing, see "Capital Resources and Liquidity—Funding and Liquidity—Liquidity Management, Measures and Stress Testing" in Citi's 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Liquidity Measures

        Citi uses multiple measures in monitoring its liquidity, including those described below.

        The structural liquidity ratio, defined as the sum of deposits, long-term debt and stockholders' equity as a percentage of total assets, measures whether the asset base is funded by sufficiently long-dated liabilities. Citi's structural liquidity ratio remained stable at approximately 72% as of September 30, 2013.

        In addition, Citi believes it is currently in compliance with the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision's proposed Basel III Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR), as amended on January 7, 2013 (the BCBS LCR guidelines). On October 24, 2013, the Federal Reserve Board issued proposed quantitative liquidity requirements for U.S. institutions, including Citi. Citi continues to review these proposals and their impact on its definition of liquidity resources and estimated LCR.

        The LCR as proposed by the Federal Reserve Board would require large banking institutions, including Citi, to hold an amount of unencumbered high quality liquid assets sufficient to meet liquidity needs under an acute stress scenario that lasts 30 days. The Federal Reserve Board's proposed LCR rule is generally consistent with the BCBS LCR guidelines, but is more stringent in several areas, such as the range of assets that would qualify as HQLA and the definition of net cash outflows. Net cash outflows would reflect the largest cumulative cash outflow day within the 30 day liquidity reporting period, as opposed to the 30th day of the reporting period as under the BCBS LCR guidelines. In addition, the proposed transition period is shorter than that included in the BCBS LCR guidelines. The proposal is expected to be open for public comment until January 31, 2014.

        Based on Citi's current interpretation of the BCBS LCR guidelines, Citi's estimated LCR was approximately 113% as of September 30, 2013, compared with approximately 110% at June 30, 2013 and 121% at September 30, 2012.(19) The increase in the LCR during the third quarter was primarily driven by the increase in deposits discussed above. Citi's current 113% LCR represents additional liquidity of approximately $48 billion above the proposed minimum 100% LCR threshold. Citi currently operates with an LCR in the range of 110%, with the potential for modest variability from quarter-to-quarter going forward.

        The LCR, as proposed by the BCBS, is designed to ensure banks maintain an adequate level of unencumbered cash and highly liquid securities that can be converted to cash to meet liquidity needs under an acute 30-day stress scenario. Under the BCBS LCR guidelines, the LCR is to be calculated by dividing

   


(19)
Citi's estimated LCR is a non-GAAP financial measure. Citi believes this measure provides useful information to investors and others by measuring Citi's progress toward potential future expected regulatory liquidity standards. Citi's estimated LCR for all periods presented is based on its current interpretation, expectations and understanding of the BCBS LCR guidelines and calculation requirements and is necessarily subject to final regulatory clarity and rulemaking and other implementation guidance.

51


the amount of unencumbered cash and highly liquid, unencumbered government, government-backed and corporate securities by estimated net outflows over a stressed 30-day period. The net outflows are calculated by applying assumed outflow factors, prescribed in the BCBS LCR guidelines, to various categories of liabilities, such as deposits, unsecured and secured wholesale borrowings, unused commitments and derivatives-related exposures, partially offset by inflows from assets maturing within 30 days. The BCBS LCR requirements expanded the definition of liquid assets, and reduced outflow estimates for certain types of deposits and commitments.

52


Credit Ratings

        Citigroup's funding and liquidity, including its funding capacity, ability to access the capital markets and other sources of funds, as well as the cost of these funds, and its ability to maintain certain deposits, is partially dependent on its credit ratings. The table below indicates the ratings for Citigroup, Citibank, N.A. and Citigroup Global Markets Inc. (a broker-dealer subsidiary of Citigroup) as of September 30, 2013.

Debt Ratings as of September 30, 2013

 
  Citigroup Inc.   Citibank, N.A.
 
  Senior
debt
  Commercial
paper
  Long-
term
  Short-
term

Fitch Ratings (Fitch)

  A   F1   A   F1

Moody's Investors Service (Moody's)

  Baa2   P-2   A3   P-2

Standard & Poor's (S&P)

  A-   A-2   A   A-1
                 

Note: Citigroup Global Markets Inc. (CGMI) is rated A/A-1 by Standard & Poor's.

Recent Credit Rating Developments

        On August 22, 2013, Moody's placed Citibank, N.A.'s ratings on review for upgrade, including the unsupported rating and the deposit and senior debt ratings, noting Citi's "declining exposure to legacy assets, strengthened profitability and improved capital." This announcement followed Moody's previously announced review of government support assumptions for the six largest U.S. banks, related to potential implementation of Orderly Liquidation Authority under the Dodd-Frank Act.

        Additionally, Citigroup Inc.'s senior, subordinated and junior subordinated debt ratings were placed on review with "direction uncertain", indicating that Moody's may remove 1 or 2 notches of Citigroup Inc.'s government support notches. Given the simultaneous review of Citi's stand-alone credit profile, any potential upgrade to the unsupported rating at the bank level, as discussed above, may partially offset the removal of government support at the holding company level. Government support assumptions for Citibank, N.A. are not being reviewed at this time.

        Additionally, Moody's placed Citigroup Inc.'s short-term rating on review for downgrade. The potential negative impact of a lower government support assumption is not expected to be offset by enough other factors, including any positive benefits of improvements in standalone credit strength. If Citigroup Inc.'s long-term senior unsecured ratings remain unchanged, its short-term ratings would remain 'P-2'; a net reduction in Citigroup's long-term senior unsecured ratings would likely result in a reduction of its corresponding short-term ratings to 'P-3.'

        Citigroup Inc.'s non-cumulative preferred stock was also placed on review for upgrade (currently 'B1'). Preferred stock ratings do not benefit from government support uplift, and therefore could be upgraded as part of the review of the stand-alone credit profile (unsupported rating).

Potential Impacts of Ratings Downgrades

        Ratings downgrades by Moody's, Fitch or S&P could negatively impact Citigroup's and/or Citibank, N.A.'s funding and liquidity due to reduced funding capacity, including derivatives triggers, which could take the form of cash obligations and collateral requirements.

        The following information is provided for the purpose of analyzing the potential funding and liquidity impact to Citigroup and Citibank, N.A. of a hypothetical, simultaneous ratings downgrade across all three major rating agencies. This analysis is subject to certain estimates, estimation methodologies, and judgments and uncertainties, including without limitation those relating to potential ratings limitations certain entities may have with respect to permissible counterparties, as well as general subjective counterparty behavior (e.g., certain corporate customers and trading counterparties could re-evaluate their business relationships with Citi, and limit the trading of certain contracts or market instruments with Citi). Moreover, changes in counterparty behavior could impact Citi's funding and liquidity as well as the results of operations of certain of its businesses. Accordingly, the actual impact to Citigroup or Citibank, N.A. is unpredictable and may differ materially from the potential funding and liquidity impacts described below.

        For additional information on the impact of credit rating changes on Citi and its applicable subsidiaries, see "Risk Factors—Liquidity Risks" in Citi's 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

53


Citigroup Inc. and Citibank, N.A.—Potential Derivative Triggers

        As of September 30, 2013, Citi estimates that a hypothetical one-notch downgrade of the senior debt/long-term rating of Citigroup across all three major rating agencies could impact Citigroup's funding and liquidity due to derivative triggers by approximately $0.9 billion. Other funding sources, such as secured financing transactions and other margin requirements, for which there are no explicit triggers, could also be adversely affected.

        In addition, as of September 30, 2013, Citi estimates that a hypothetical one-notch downgrade of the senior debt/long-term rating of Citibank, N.A. across all three major rating agencies could impact Citibank, N.A.'s funding and liquidity due to derivative triggers by approximately $2.6 billion.

        In total, Citi estimates that a one-notch downgrade of Citigroup and Citibank, N.A., across all three major rating agencies, could result in aggregate cash obligations and collateral requirements of approximately $3.4 billion (see also Note 20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). As set forth under "High Quality Liquid Assets" above, the liquidity resources of Citi's parent entities were approximately $65 billion, and the liquidity resources of Citi's significant Citibank entities and other Citibank and Banamex entities were approximately $345 billion, for a total of approximately $410 billion as of September 30, 2013. These liquidity resources are available in part as a contingency for the potential events described above.

        In addition, a broad range of mitigating actions are currently included in Citigroup's and Citibank, N.A.'s contingency funding plans. For Citigroup, these mitigating factors include, but are not limited to, accessing surplus funding capacity from existing clients, tailoring levels of secured lending, adjusting the size of select trading books and collateralized borrowings from Citi's significant bank subsidiaries. Mitigating actions available to Citibank, N.A. include, but are not limited to, selling or financing highly liquid government securities, tailoring levels of secured lending, adjusting the size of select trading books, reducing loan originations and renewals, raising additional deposits, or borrowing from the FHLB or central banks. Citi believes these mitigating actions could substantially reduce the funding and liquidity risk, if any, of the potential downgrades described above.

Citibank, N.A.—Additional Potential Impacts

        In addition to the above derivative triggers, Citi believes that a potential one-notch downgrade of Citibank, N.A.'s senior debt/long-term rating by S&P and Fitch could also have an adverse impact on the commercial paper/short-term rating of Citibank, N.A. As of September 30, 2013, Citibank, N.A. had liquidity commitments of approximately $17.6 billion to consolidated asset-backed commercial paper conduits (as referenced in Note 19 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).

        In addition to the above-referenced liquidity resources of Citi's significant Citibank entities and other Citibank and Banamex entities, as well as the various mitigating actions previously noted, mitigating actions available to Citibank, N.A. to reduce the funding and liquidity risk, if any, of the potential downgrades described above, include repricing or reducing certain commitments to commercial paper conduits.

        In addition, in the event of the potential downgrades described above, Citi believes that certain corporate customers could re-evaluate their deposit relationships with Citibank, N.A. Among other things, this re-evaluation could include adjusting their discretionary deposit levels or changing their depository institution, each of which could potentially reduce certain deposit levels at Citibank, N.A. As a potential mitigant, however, Citi could choose to adjust pricing or offer alternative deposit products to its existing customers, or seek to attract deposits from new customers, as well as utilize the other mitigating actions referenced above.

54



OFF-BALANCE-SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

        Citigroup enters into various types of off-balance-sheet arrangements in the ordinary course of business. Citi's involvement in these arrangements can take many different forms, including without limitation:

        Citi enters into these arrangements for a variety of business purposes. These securitization entities offer investors access to specific cash flows and risks created through the securitization process. The securitization arrangements also assist Citi and Citi's customers in monetizing their financial assets at more favorable rates than Citi or the customers could otherwise obtain.

        The table below presents where a discussion of Citi's various off-balance-sheet arrangements may be found in this Form 10-Q. In addition, see "Significant Accounting Policies and Significant Estimates—Securitizations" as well as Notes 1, 22 and 27 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Citigroup's 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K.


Types of Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements Disclosures in this Form 10-Q

Variable interests and other obligations, including contingent obligations, arising from variable interests in nonconsolidated VIEs

  See Note 19 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Letters of credit, and lending and other commitments

  See Note 23 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Guarantees

  See Note 23 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.


MANAGING GLOBAL RISK

        Citigroup believes that effective risk management is of primary importance to its overall operations. Accordingly, Citi's risk management process has been designed to monitor, evaluate and manage the principal risks it assumes in conducting its activities. These include credit, market and operational risks.

        Citigroup's risk management framework is designed to balance business ownership and accountability for risks with well-defined independent risk management oversight and responsibility. Further, the risk management organization is structured so as to facilitate the management of risk across three dimensions: businesses, regions and critical products.

        For more information on Citi's risk management, as well as a discussion of operational risk, see "Managing Global Risk" in Citigroup's 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K. See also "Risk Factors" in Citi's 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

55



CREDIT RISK

Loans Outstanding

In millions of dollars   3rd Qtr.
2013
  2nd Qtr.
2013
  1st Qtr.
2013
  4th Qtr.
2012
  3rd Qtr.
2012
 

Consumer loans

                               

In U.S. offices

                               

Mortgage and real estate(1)

  $ 110,813   $ 112,890   $ 120,768   $ 125,946   $ 128,737  

Installment, revolving credit, and other

    13,265     13,061     12,955     14,070     14,210  

Cards

    110,734     104,925     104,535     111,403     108,819  

Commercial and industrial

    6,349     5,620     5,386     5,344     5,042  
                       

  $ 241,161   $ 236,496   $ 243,644   $ 256,763   $ 256,808  
                       

In offices outside the U.S.

                               

Mortgage and real estate(1)

  $ 54,428   $ 53,507   $ 54,717   $ 54,709   $ 54,529  

Installment, revolving credit, and other

    32,306     32,296     34,020     33,958     34,094  

Cards

    35,966     35,748     39,522     40,653     39,671  

Commercial and industrial

    23,741     23,849     22,906     22,225     22,266  

Lease financing

    743     712     745     781     742  
                       

  $ 147,184   $ 146,112   $ 151,910   $ 152,326   $ 151,302  
                       

Total Consumer loans

  $ 388,345   $ 382,608   $ 395,554   $ 409,089   $ 408,110  

Unearned income

    (523 )   (456 )   (378 )   (418 )   (358 )
                       

Consumer loans, net of unearned income

  $ 387,822   $ 382,152   $ 395,176   $ 408,671   $ 407,752  
                       

Corporate loans

                               

In U.S. offices

                               

Commercial and industrial

  $ 33,936   $ 30,798   $ 28,558   $ 26,985   $ 30,056  

Loans to financial institutions

    22,813     23,982     16,500     18,159     17,376  

Mortgage and real estate(1)

    29,168     26,215     25,576     24,705     24,221  

Installment, revolving credit, and other

    31,084     31,919     33,621     32,446     32,987  

Lease financing

    1,493     1,535     1,369     1,410     1,394  
                       

  $ 118,494   $ 114,449   $ 105,624   $ 103,705   $ 106,034  
                       

In offices outside the U.S.

                               

Commercial and industrial

  $ 86,012   $ 84,317   $ 85,258   $ 82,939   $ 85,854  

Installment, revolving credit, and other

    16,783     14,581     14,733     14,958     16,758  

Mortgage and real estate(1)

    6,392     6,276     6,231     6,485     6,214  

Loans to financial institutions

    40,403     40,303     38,332     37,739     35,014  

Lease financing

    538     556     593     605     574  

Governments and official institutions

    1,655     1,579     1,265     1,159     984  
                       

  $ 151,783   $ 147,612   $ 146,412   $ 143,885   $ 145,398  
                       

Total Corporate loans

  $ 270,277   $ 262,061   $ 252,036   $ 247,590   $ 251,432  

Unearned income

    (548 )   (472 )   (848 )   (797 )   (761 )
                       

Corporate loans, net of unearned income

  $ 269,729   $ 261,589   $ 251,188   $ 246,793   $ 250,671  
                       

Total loans—net of unearned income

  $ 657,551   $ 643,741   $ 646,364   $ 655,464   $ 658,423  

Allowance for loan losses—on drawn exposures

    (20,605 )   (21,580 )   (23,727 )   (25,455 )   (25,916 )
                       

Total loans—net of unearned income and allowance for credit losses

  $ 636,946   $ 622,161   $ 622,637   $ 630,009   $ 632,507  

Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total loans—net of unearned income(2)

    3.16 %   3.38 %   3.70 %   3.92 %   3.97 %
                       

Allowance for Consumer loan losses as a percentage of total Consumer loans—net of unearned income(2)

    4.63 %   4.95 %   5.32 %   5.57 %   5.68 %
                       

Allowance for Corporate loan losses as a percentage of total Corporate loans—net of unearned income(2)

    1.01 %   1.05 %   1.12 %   1.14 %   1.14 %
                       

(1)
Loans secured primarily by real estate.

(2)
All periods exclude loans which are carried at fair value.

56



Details of Credit Loss Experience

In millions of dollars   3rd Qtr.
2013
  2nd Qtr.
2013
  1st Qtr.
2013
  4th Qtr.
2012
  3rd Qtr.
2012
 

Allowance for loan losses at beginning of period

  $ 21,580   $ 23,727   $ 25,455   $ 25,916   $ 27,611  
                       

Provision for loan losses

                               

Consumer(1)

  $ 1,583   $ 1,850   $ 2,158   $ 2,847   $ 2,493  

Corporate

    69     (23 )   56     (9 )   (57 )
                       

  $ 1,652   $ 1,827   $ 2,214   $ 2,838   $ 2,436  
                       

Gross credit losses

                               

Consumer

                               

In U.S. offices(1)

  $ 1,859   $ 2,157   $ 2,367   $ 2,442   $ 3,297  

In offices outside the U.S. 

    967     1,003     1,017     1,066     1,023  

Corporate

                               

In U.S. offices

    95     47     20     58     47  

In offices outside the U.S. 

    53     50     40     74     149  
                       

  $ 2,974   $ 3,257   $ 3,444   $ 3,640   $ 4,516  
                       

Credit recoveries

                               

Consumer

                               

In U.S. offices

  $ 253   $ 275   $ 309   $ 297   $ 282  

In offices outside the U.S. 

    239     322     242     261     258  

Corporate

                               

In U.S. offices

    39     28     5     55     45  

In offices outside the U.S. 

    13     24     10     42     34  
                       

  $ 544   $ 649   $ 566   $ 655   $ 619  
                       

Net credit losses

                               

In U.S. offices(1)

    1,662   $ 1,901   $ 2,073   $ 2,148   $ 3,017  

In offices outside the U.S. 

    768     707     805     837     880  
                       

Total

  $ 2,430   $ 2,608   $ 2,878   $ 2,985   $ 3,897  
                       

Other—net(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)

    (197 ) $ (1,366 ) $ (1,064 )   (314 ) $ (234 )
                       

Allowance for loan losses at end of period

  $ 20,605   $ 21,580   $ 23,727   $ 25,455   $ 25,916  
                       

Allowance for loan losses as a % of total loans(8)

    3.16 %   3.38 %   3.70 %   3.92 %   3.97 %

Allowance for unfunded lending commitments(9)

  $ 1,262   $ 1,133   $ 1,132   $ 1,119   $ 1,063  
                       

Total allowance for loan losses and unfunded lending commitments

  $ 21,867   $ 22,713   $ 24,859   $ 26,574   $ 26,979  
                       

Net consumer credit losses(1)

    2,334   $ 2,563   $ 2,833   $ 2,950   $ 3,780  

As a percentage of average consumer loans

    2.41 %   2.65 %   2.88 %   2.91 %   3.72 %
                       

Net corporate credit losses

    96   $ 45   $ 45   $ 35   $ 117  

As a percentage of average corporate loans

    0.15 %   0.07 %   0.07 %   0.06 %   0.19 %
                       

Allowance for loan losses at end of period(10)

                               

Citicorp

  $ 13,299   $ 13,425   $ 14,330   $ 14,623   $ 14,828  

Citi Holdings

    7,306     8,155     9,397     10,832     11,088  
                       

Total Citigroup

  $ 20,605   $ 21,580   $ 23,727   $ 25,455   $ 25,916  
                       

Allowance by type

                               

Consumer

  $ 17,912   $ 18,872   $ 20,948   $ 22,679   $ 23,099  

Corporate

    2,693     2,708     2,779     2,776     2,817  
                       

Total Citigroup

  $ 20,605   $ 21,580   $ 23,727   $ 25,455   $ 25,916  
                       

(1)
The third quarter of 2012 included approximately $635 million of incremental charge-offs related to Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) guidance regarding mortgage loans where the borrower has gone through Chapter 7 bankruptcy. There was a corresponding approximately $600 million reserve release in the third quarter of 2012 specific to these mortgage loans. The fourth quarter of 2012 included a benefit to charge-offs of approximately $40 million related to finalizing the impact of the OCC guidance.

(2)
Includes all adjustments to the allowance for credit losses, such as changes in the allowance from acquisitions, securitizations, foreign currency translation, purchase accounting adjustments, etc.

(3)
The third quarter of 2013 includes a reduction of approximately $214 million related to the sale or transfers to held-for-sale of various loan portfolios.

(4)
The second quarter of 2013 includes a reduction of approximately $650 million related to the sale or transfers to held-for-sale of various U.S. loan portfolios and a reduction of approximately $360 million related to the Brazil Credicard transfer to Discontinued operations. Additionally, a reduction of approximately $90 million related to a transfer to held-for-sale of a loan portfolio in Greece and a reduction of approximately $220 million related to FX translation.

(5)
The first quarter of 2013 includes a reduction of approximately $855 million related to the sale or transfer to held-for-sale of various U.S. loan portfolios and a reduction of approximately $165 million related to a transfer to held-for-sale of a loan portfolio in Greece.

(6)
The fourth quarter of 2012 included a reduction of approximately $255 million related to the sale or transfer to held-for-sale of various U.S. loan portfolios.

(7)
The third quarter of 2012 included a reduction of approximately $300 million related to the sale or transfer to held-for-sale of various U.S. loan portfolios.

(8)
September 30, 2012, December 31, 2012, March 31, 2013, June 30, 2013 and September 30, 2013 exclude $5.4 billion, $5.3 billion, $5.0 billion, $4.9 billion and $5.2 billion, respectively, of loans which are carried at fair value.

(9)
Represents additional credit loss reserves for unfunded lending commitments and letters of credit recorded in Other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

57


(10)
Allowance for loan losses represents management's best estimate of probable losses inherent in the portfolio, as well as probable losses related to large individually evaluated impaired loans and troubled debt restructurings. Attribution of the allowance is made for analytical purposes only and the entire allowance is available to absorb probable credit losses inherent in the overall portfolio.


Allowance for Loan Losses (continued)

        The following table details information on Citi's allowance for loan losses, loans and coverage ratios as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012:

 
  September 30, 2013  
In billions of dollars   Allowance for
loan losses
  Loans, net of
unearned income
  Allowance as a
percentage of loans(1)
 

North America cards(2)

  $ 6.2   $ 112.0     5.6 %

North America mortgages(3)

    5.9     109.9     5.3  

North America other

    1.2     21.6     5.6  

International cards

    2.3     35.3     6.6  

International other(4)

    2.3     109.0     2.1  
               

Total Consumer

  $ 17.9   $ 387.8     4.6 %

Total Corporate

    2.7     269.8     1.0  
               

Total Citigroup

  $ 20.6   $ 657.6     3.1 %
               

(1)
Allowance as a percentage of loans excludes loans that are carried at fair value.

(2)
Includes both Citi-branded cards and Citi retail services. The $6.2 billion of loan loss reserves for North America cards as of September 30, 2013 represented approximately 18 months of coincident net credit loss coverage.

(3)
Of the $5.9 billion, approximately $5.7 billion was allocated to North America mortgages in Citi Holdings. The $5.9 billion of loan loss reserves for North America mortgages as of September 30, 2013 represented approximately 40 months of coincident net credit loss coverage.

(4)
Includes mortgages and other retail loans.

 
  December 31, 2012  
In billions of dollars   Allowance for
loan losses
  Loans, net of
unearned income
  Allowance as a
percentage of loans(1)
 

North America cards(2)

  $ 7.3   $ 112.0     6.5 %

North America mortgages(3)

    8.6     125.4     6.9  

North America other

    1.5     22.1     6.8  

International cards

    2.9     40.7     7.0  

International other(4)

    2.4     108.5     2.2  
               

Total Consumer

  $ 22.7   $ 408.7     5.6 %

Total Corporate

    2.8     246.8     1.1  
               

Total Citigroup

  $ 25.5   $ 655.5     3.9 %
               

(1)
Allowance as a percentage of loans excludes loans that are carried at fair value.

(2)
Includes both Citi-branded cards and Citi retail services. The $7.3 billion of loan loss reserves for North America cards as of December 31, 2012 represented approximately 18 months of coincident net credit loss coverage.

(3)
Of the $8.6 billion, approximately $8.4 billion was allocated to North America mortgages in Citi Holdings. Excluding the $40 million benefit related to finalizing the impact of the OCC guidance in the fourth quarter of 2012, the $8.6 billion of loan loss reserves for North America mortgages as of December 31, 2012 represented approximately 33 months of coincident net credit loss coverage.

(4)
Includes mortgages and other retail loans.

58



Non-Accrual Loans and Assets and Renegotiated Loans

        The following pages include information on Citi's "Non-Accrual Loans and Assets" and "Renegotiated Loans." There is a certain amount of overlap among these categories. The following summary provides a general description of each category:

Non-Accrual Loans and Assets:

Renegotiated Loans:

Non-Accrual Loans and Assets

        The table below summarizes Citigroup's non-accrual loans as of the periods indicated. Non-accrual loans may still be current on interest payments. In situations where Citi reasonably expects that only a portion of the principal owed will ultimately be collected, all payments received are reflected as a reduction of principal and not as interest income. For all other non-accrual loans, cash interest receipts are generally recorded as revenue.

59



Non-Accrual Loans

In millions of dollars   Sept. 30,
2013
  Jun. 30,
2013
  Mar. 31,
2013
  Dec. 31,
2012
  Sept. 30,
2012
 

Citicorp

  $ 4,053   $ 4,030   $ 4,235   $ 4,096   $ 4,090  

Citi Holdings

    5,328     5,676     6,418     7,433     8,100  
                       

Total non-accrual loans (NAL)

  $ 9,381   $ 9,706   $ 10,653   $ 11,529   $ 12,190  
                       

Corporate non-accrual loans(1)

                               

North America

  $ 807   $ 811   $ 1,007   $ 735   $ 900  

EMEA

    975     972     1,077     1,131     1,054  

Latin America

    124     91     116     128     151  

Asia

    272     270     304     339     324  
                       

Total corporate non-accrual loans

  $ 2,178   $ 2,144   $ 2,504   $ 2,333   $ 2,429  
                       

Citicorp

  $ 1,807   $ 1,747   $ 1,975   $ 1,909   $ 1,928  

Citi Holdings

    371     397     529     424     501  
                       

Total corporate non-accrual loans

  $ 2,178   $ 2,144   $ 2,504   $ 2,333   $ 2,429  
                       

Consumer non-accrual loans(1)

                               

North America(2)

  $ 5,308   $ 5,568   $ 6,171   $ 7,148   $ 7,698  

EMEA

    147     234     263     380     379  

Latin America

    1,400     1,430     1,313     1,285     1,275  

Asia

    348     330     402     383     409  
                       

Total consumer non-accrual loans(2)              

  $ 7,203   $ 7,562   $ 8,149   $ 9,196   $ 9,761  
                       

Citicorp

  $ 2,246   $ 2,283   $ 2,260   $ 2,187   $ 2,162  

Citi Holdings(2)

    4,957     5,279     5,889     7,009     7,599  
                       

Total consumer non-accrual loans(2)              

  $ 7,203   $ 7,562   $ 8,149   $ 9,196   $ 9,761  
                       

(1)
Excludes purchased distressed loans as they are generally accreting interest. The carrying value of these loans was $793 million at September 30, 2013, $606 million at June 30, 2013, $566 million at March 31, 2013, $538 million at December 31, 2012, and $533 million at September 30, 2012.

(2)
The third quarter of 2012 includes an increase in Consumer non-accrual loans in North America of approximately $1.5 billion as a result of OCC guidance received in the quarter regarding mortgage loans where the borrower has gone through Chapter 7 bankruptcy. Of the $1.5 billion of such non-accrual loans, $1.3 billion was current as of September 30, 2012.

60



Non-Accrual Loans and Assets (continued)

        The table below summarizes Citigroup's other real estate owned (OREO) assets as of the periods indicated. This represents the carrying value of all real estate property acquired by foreclosure or other legal proceedings when Citi has taken possession of the collateral.

In millions of dollars   Sept. 30,
2013
  Jun. 30,
2013
  Mar. 31,
2013
  Dec. 31,
2012
  Sept. 30,
2012
 

OREO

                               

Citicorp

  $ 69   $ 52   $ 49   $ 49   $ 57  

Citi Holdings

    334     339     363     391     417  
                       

Total OREO

  $ 403   $ 391   $ 412   $ 440   $ 474  
                       

North America

  $ 293   $ 267   $ 286   $ 299   $ 315  

EMEA

    62     76     85     99     111  

Latin America

    40     46     39     40     48  

Asia

    8     2     2     2      
                       

Total OREO

  $ 403   $ 391   $ 412   $ 440   $ 474  
                       

Other repossessed assets

  $   $   $ 1   $ 1   $ 1  
                       

Non-accrual assets—Total Citigroup 

                               

Corporate non-accrual loans

  $ 2,178   $ 2,144   $ 2,504   $ 2,333   $ 2,429  

Consumer non-accrual loans(1)

    7,203     7,562     8,149     9,196     9,761  
                       

Non-accrual loans (NAL)

  $ 9,381   $ 9,706   $ 10,653   $ 11,529   $ 12,190  
                       

OREO

    403     391     412     440     474  

Other repossessed assets

            1     1     1  
                       

Non-accrual assets (NAA)

  $ 9,784   $ 10,097   $ 11,066   $ 11,970   $ 12,665  
                       

NAL as a percentage of total loans

    1.43 %   1.51 %   1.65 %   1.76 %   1.85 %

NAA as a percentage of total assets

    0.52     0.54     0.59     0.64     0.66  

Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of NAL(2)

    220     222     223     221     213  
                       

 

Non-accrual assets—Total Citicorp   Sept. 30,
2013
  Jun. 30,
2013
  Mar. 31,
2013
  Dec. 31,
2012
  Sept. 30,
2012
 

Non-accrual loans (NAL)

  $ 4,053   $ 4,030   $ 4,235   $ 4,096   $ 4,090  

OREO

    69     52     49     49     57  

Other repossessed assets

    N/A     N/A     N/A     N/A     N/A  
                       

Non-accrual assets (NAA)

  $ 4,122   $ 4,082   $ 4,284   $ 4,145   $ 4,147  
                       

NAA as a percentage of total assets

    0.23 %   0.23 %   0.25 %   0.24 %   0.24 %

Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of NAL(2)

    328     333     338     357     363  
                       

Non-accrual assets—Total Citi Holdings

                               

Non-accrual loans (NAL)(1)

  $ 5,328   $ 5,676   $ 6,418   $ 7,433   $ 8,100  

OREO

    334     339     363     391     417  

Other repossessed assets

    N/A     N/A     N/A     N/A     N/A  
                       

Non-accrual assets (NAA)

  $ 5,662   $ 6,015   $ 6,781   $ 7,824   $ 8,517  
                       

NAA as a percentage of total assets

    4.64 %   4.59 %   4.55 %   5.02 %   4.98 %

Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of NAL(2)

    137 %   144     146     146     137  
                       

(1)
The third quarter of 2012 includes an increase in Consumer non-accrual loans of approximately $1.5 billion as a result of OCC guidance received in the quarter regarding mortgage loans where the borrower has gone through Chapter 7 bankruptcy. Of the $1.5 billion of such non-accrual loans, $1.3 billion was current as of September 30, 2012.

(2)
The allowance for loan losses includes the allowance for Citi's credit card portfolios and purchased distressed loans, while the non-accrual loans exclude credit card balances (with the exception of certain international portfolios) and purchased distressed loans as these continue to accrue interest until charge-off.

N/A Not available at the Citicorp or Citi Holdings level.

61



Renegotiated Loans

        The following table presents Citi's loans modified in TDRs.

In millions of dollars   Sept. 30,
2013
  Dec. 31,
2012
 

Corporate renegotiated loans(1)

             

In U.S. offices

             

Commercial and industrial(2)

  $ 45   $ 180  

Mortgage and real estate(3)

    145     72  

Loans to financial institutions

    16     17  

Other

    392     447  
           

  $ 598   $ 716  
           

In offices outside the U.S.

             

Commercial and industrial(2)

  $ 122   $ 95  

Mortgage and real estate(3)

    57     59  

Other

    1     3  
           

  $ 180   $ 157  
           

Total Corporate renegotiated loans

  $ 778   $ 873  
           

Consumer renegotiated loans(4)(5)(6)(7)

             

In U.S. offices

             

Mortgage and real estate(8)

  $ 19,320   $ 22,903  

Cards

    2,700     3,718  

Installment and other(9)

    625     1,088  
           

  $ 22,645   $ 27,709  
           

In offices outside the U.S.

             

Mortgage and real estate

  $ 643   $ 932  

Cards(10)

    790     866  

Installment and other

    722     904  
           

  $ 2,155   $ 2,702  
           

Total Consumer renegotiated loans

  $ 24,800   $ 30,411  
           

(1)
Includes $289 million and $267 million of non-accrual loans included in the non-accrual assets table above at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively. The remaining loans are accruing interest.

(2)
In addition to modifications reflected as TDRs at September 30, 2013, Citi also modified $15 million and $198 million of commercial loans risk rated "Substandard Non-Performing" or worse (asset category defined by banking regulators) in offices inside and outside the U.S, respectively. These modifications were not considered TDRs because the modifications did not involve a concession (a required element of a TDR for accounting purposes).

(3)
In addition to modifications reflected as TDRs at September 30, 2013, Citi also modified $1 million of commercial real estate loans risk rated "Substandard Non-Performing" or worse (asset category defined by banking regulators) in offices inside the U.S. These modifications were not considered TDRs because the modifications did not involve a concession (a required element of a TDR for accounting purposes).

(4)
Includes $3.5 billion and $4.2 billion of non-accrual loans included in the non-accrual assets table above at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively. The remaining loans are accruing interest.

(5)
Includes $34 million and $38 million of commercial real estate loans at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively.

(6)
Includes $217 million and $261 million of commercial loans at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively.

(7)
Smaller-balance homogeneous loans were derived from Citi's risk management systems.

(8)
Reduction in 2013 includes $4,256 million related to TDRs sold or transferred to held-for-sale.

(9)
Reduction in 2013 includes approximately $345 million related to TDRs sold or transferred to held-for-sale.

(10)
Reduction in 2013 includes $52 million related to the Brazil Credicard transfer to Discontinued operations.

62



North America Consumer Mortgage Lending

Overview

        Citi's North America Consumer mortgage portfolio consists of both residential first mortgages and home equity loans. At September 30, 2013, Citi's North America Consumer residential first mortgage portfolio was $77.1 billion (compared to $77.8 billion at June 30, 2013), while the home equity loan portfolio was $32.8 billion (compared to $34.2 billion at June 30, 2013). At September 30, 2013, $46.5 billion of first mortgages were recorded in Citi Holdings, with the remaining $30.6 billion recorded in Citicorp. At September 30, 2013, $29.8 billion of home equity loans were recorded in Citi Holdings, with the remaining $3.0 billion recorded in Citicorp.

        Citi's residential first mortgage portfolio included $7.9 billion of loans with FHA insurance or VA guarantees at September 30, 2013, compared to $8.1 billion at June 30, 2013. This portfolio consists of loans to low-to-moderate-income borrowers with lower FICO (Fair Isaac Corporation) scores and generally has higher loan-to-value ratios (LTVs). Credit losses on FHA loans are borne by the sponsoring governmental agency, provided that the insurance terms have not been rescinded as a result of an origination defect. With respect to VA loans, the VA establishes a loan-level loss cap, beyond which Citi is liable for loss. While FHA and VA loans have high delinquency rates, given the insurance and guarantees, respectively, Citi has experienced negligible credit losses on these loans.

        In addition, Citi's residential first mortgage portfolio included $1.2 billion of loans with origination LTVs above 80%, that have insurance through mortgage insurance companies at September 30, 2013, compared to $1.6 billion at June 30, 2013. At September 30, 2013, the residential first mortgage portfolio also had $0.8 billion of loans subject to long-term standby commitments (LTSCs) with U.S. government-sponsored entities (GSEs) for which Citi has limited exposure to credit losses, compared to $0.9 billion at June 30, 2013. Citi's home equity loan portfolio also included $0.3 billion of loans subject to LTSCs with GSEs (unchanged from June 30, 2013), for which Citi also has limited exposure to credit losses. These guarantees and commitments may be rescinded in the event of loan origination defects.

        Citi's allowance for loan loss calculations takes into consideration the impact of these guarantees and commitments.

        Citi does not offer option-adjustable rate mortgages/negative amortizing mortgage products to its customers. As a result, option-adjustable rate mortgages/negative amortizing mortgages represent an insignificant portion of total balances, since they were acquired only incidentally as part of prior portfolio and business purchases.

        As of September 30, 2013, Citi's North America residential first mortgage portfolio contained approximately $5.5 billion of adjustable rate mortgages that are currently required to make a payment only of accrued interest for the payment period, or an interest-only payment, compared to $6.1 billion at June 30, 2013. This decline resulted primarily from conversions to amortizing loans of $253 million and repayments of $330 million. Borrowers who are currently required to make an interest-only payment cannot select a lower payment that would negatively amortize the loan. Residential first mortgages with this payment feature are primarily to high-credit-quality borrowers who have on average significantly higher origination and refreshed FICO scores than other loans in the residential first mortgage portfolio, and have exhibited significantly lower 30+ delinquency rates as compared with residential first mortgages without this payment feature. As such, Citi does not believe the residential mortgage loans with this payment feature represent substantially higher risk in the portfolio.

North America Consumer Mortgage Quarterly Credit Trends—Delinquencies and Net Credit Losses—Residential First Mortgages

        The following charts detail the quarterly trends in delinquencies and net credit losses for Citigroup's residential first mortgage portfolio in North America. Approximately 60% of Citi's residential first mortgage exposure arises from its portfolio in Citi Holdings.

GRAPHIC

63


GRAPHIC


(1)
Of the $46.5 billion of residential first mortgages in Citi Holdings as of September 30, 2013, approximately $9.4 billion consisted of residential first mortgages originated by CitiFinancial North America.

(2)
1Q'12 included approximately $315 million of incremental charge-offs related to previously deferred principal balances on modified loans related to anticipated forgiveness of principal in connection with the national mortgage settlement. Excluding the impact of these charge-offs, net credit losses would have been $0.45 billion and $0.43 billion for the Citigroup and Citi Holdings portfolios, respectively.

(3)
Includes the following charge-offs related to Citi's fulfillment of its obligations under the national mortgage and independent foreclosure review settlements: 2Q'12, $22 million; 3Q'12, $25 million; 4Q'12, $32 million; 1Q'13, $25 million; 2Q'13, $18 million; and 3Q'13, $8 million. Citi expects net credit losses in its residential first mortgage portfolio in Citi Holdings to continue to be impacted by its fulfillment of the terms of the independent foreclosure review settlement. See also "Citi Holdings" above and "Independent Foreclosure Review Settlement" below.

(4)
3Q'12 included approximately $181 million of charge-offs related to OCC guidance with respect to the treatment of mortgage loans where the borrower has gone through Chapter 7 bankruptcy. 4Q'12 included approximately $10 million benefit to charge-offs related to finalizing the impact of the OCC guidance. Excluding these impacts, net credit losses would have been $0.47 billion in 3Q'12 and $0.39 billion in 4Q'12 for the Citigroup portfolio, and $0.44 billion in 3Q'12 and $0.38 billion in 4Q'12 for the Citi Holdings portfolio.

GRAPHIC


Note: For each of the tables above, past due exclude (i) U.S. mortgage loans that are guaranteed by U.S. government-sponsored agencies because the potential loss predominantly resides with the U.S. agencies, and (ii) loans recorded at fair value. Totals may not sum due to rounding.

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        During the third quarter of 2013, continued management actions, including asset sales and, to a lesser extent, modification programs, as well as the improvement in the Home Price Index (HPI), were the primary drivers of the overall improved asset performance for Citi Holdings residential first mortgage portfolio. In addition, Citi continued to observe fewer loans entering the 30-89 days past due delinquency bucket during the quarter, which it attributes to the continued general improvement in the economic environment.

        During the third quarter of 2013, Citi sold approximately $0.4 billion of delinquent residential first mortgages (compared to $0.7 billion in the second quarter of 2013) and $0.1 billion of re-performing residential first mortgages (compared to $2.4 billion in the second quarter of 2013). As previously disclosed, sales of re-performing residential first mortgages tend to be yield sensitive. Since the beginning of 2010, Citi has sold approximately $11.8 billion and $6.7 billion of delinquent and re-performing residential first mortgages, respectively.

        In addition, Citi modified approximately $0.4 billion of residential first mortgage loans during the third quarter of 2013 (unchanged from the second quarter of 2013), including loan modifications pursuant to the independent foreclosure review settlement. Citi's residential first mortgage portfolio continued to show some signs of the impact of re-defaults of previously modified mortgages. For additional information on Citi's residential first mortgage loan modifications, see Note 13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

        Citi's ability to reduce delinquencies or net credit losses in its residential first mortgage portfolio pursuant to asset sales or modifications could be limited going forward due to, among other things, the lower remaining inventory of delinquent loans to sell or modify, additional increases in interest rates or the lack of market demand for asset sales.

North America Residential First Mortgages—State Delinquency Trends

        The following tables set forth, for total Citigroup, the six states and/or regions with the highest concentration of Citi's residential first mortgages as of September 30, 2013 and June 30, 2013.

 
  September 30, 2013    
  June 30, 2013  
In billions of dollars
State(1)
  ENR(2)   ENR
Distribution
  90+DPD
%
  %
LTV >
100%
  Refreshed
FICO
  ENR(2)   ENR
Distribution
  90+DPD
%
  %
LTV >
100%
  Refreshed
FICO
 

CA

  $ 19.2     29 %   1.1 %   4 %   736   $ 19.0     29 %   1.4 %   10 %   734  

NY/NJ/CT(3)

    11.5     18     2.9     4     731     11.1     17     3.1     7     728  

IN/OH/MI(3)

    3.2     5     4.1     20     659     3.3     5     4.1     32     659  

FL(3)

    3.2     5     5.2     26     686     3.3     5     6.0     33     684  

IL(3)

    2.7     4     4.1     18     701     2.8     4     4.5     35     699  

AZ/NV

    1.6     2     3.1     28     709     1.6     2     3.1     38     707  

Other

    24.0     37     4.5     8     670     24.7     38     4.6     12     669  
                                           

Total

  $ 65.4     100 %   3.2 %   9 %   702   $ 65.8     100 %   3.4 %   14 %   700  
                                           

Note: Totals may not sum due to rounding.

(1)
Certain of the states are included as part of a region based on Citi's view of similar HPI within the region.

(2)
Ending net receivables. Excludes loans in Canada and Puerto Rico, loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies, loans recorded at fair value and loans subject to LTSCs. Excludes balances for which FICO or LTV data are unavailable.

(3)
New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, Indiana, Ohio, Florida and Illinois are judicial states.

        As evidenced by the table above, Citi's residential first mortgages portfolio is primarily concentrated in California and the New York/New Jersey/Connecticut region (with New York the largest of the three states). The overall improvement in refreshed LTV percentages at September 30, 2013 was primarily the result of improvements in HPI across substantially all metropolitan statistical areas, thereby increasing values used in the determination of LTV. Additionally, delinquent asset sales of high LTV loans during the third quarter of 2013 further reduced the amount of loans with greater than 100% LTV. To a lesser extent, modification programs involving principal forgiveness further reduced the loans in this category during the third quarter of 2013. While 90+ days past due delinquency rates have improved for most of the states or regions above, the continued lengthening of the foreclosure process (see discussion under "Foreclosures" below) could result in less improvement in these rates in the future, especially in judicial states.

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Foreclosures

        The substantial majority of Citi's foreclosure inventory consists of residential first mortgages. At September 30, 2013, Citi's foreclosure inventory included approximately $0.9 billion, or 1.4%, of Citi's residential first mortgages, compared to approximately $1.0 billion, or 1.4%, and $1.7 billion, or 2.1%, at June 30, 2013 and September 30, 2012, respectively (based on the dollar amount of ending net receivables of loans in foreclosure inventory, excluding loans that are guaranteed by U.S. government agencies and loans subject to LTSCs).

        Citi's foreclosure inventory remained essentially unchanged quarter-over-quarter, as the movement of loans into and out of the foreclosure process remained at similar levels in the third and second quarters of 2013, although at higher levels than earlier periods. While there was some improvement in the movement of loans both into and out of the foreclosure process compared to the prior-year period, extensive state requirements and other regulatory requirements for the foreclosure process remain (e.g., extensive documentation, processing and filing requirements). The year-over-year decline in Citi's foreclosure inventory primarily resulted from loan modifications, asset sales of delinquent first mortgages and improvement in the foreclosure process timelines.

        Notwithstanding the marginal improvement in the foreclosure processes at the state level, the foreclosure process largely remains slowed across many states, driven primarily by the additional requirements necessary to both initiate and complete foreclosures resulting in the continued overall lengthening of the foreclosure process. Citi's average timeframes to move a loan out of foreclosure are two to three times longer than historical norms. Extended foreclosure timelines continue to be even more pronounced in judicial states (i.e., states that require foreclosures to be processed via court approval), where Citi has a higher concentration of residential first mortgages in foreclosure.

        Active foreclosure units in process for over two years as a percentage of Citi's total residential and home equity foreclosure inventory was approximately 31%, compared to 32% and 21% as of June 30, 2013 and September 30, 2012, respectively, reflecting extended foreclosure timelines and lower number of loans moving into foreclosure in 2012 and early 2013.

        Citi's servicing agreements for mortgage loans sold to the GSEs generally provide the GSEs with significant mortgage servicing oversight, including, among other things, foreclosures or modification completion timelines. The agreements allow for the GSEs to take action against a servicer for violation of the timelines, including imposing compensatory fees. While the GSEs have not historically exercised their rights to impose compensatory fees, they have begun to regularly impose such fees. To date, the GSEs' imposition of compensatory fees, as a result of the extended foreclosure timelines or otherwise, has not been material; however, Citi continues to closely monitor trends related to these matters.

North America Consumer Mortgage Quarterly Credit Trends—Delinquencies and Net Credit Losses—Home Equity Loans

        Citi's home equity loan portfolio consists of both fixed-rate home equity loans and loans extended under home equity lines of credit. Fixed-rate home equity loans are fully amortizing. Home equity lines of credit allow for amounts to be drawn for a period of time with the payment of interest only and then, at the end of the draw period, the then-outstanding amount is converted to an amortizing loan (the interest-only payment feature during the revolving period is standard for this product across the industry). Prior to June 2010, Citi's originations of home equity lines of credit typically had a 10-year draw period. Beginning in June 2010, Citi's originations of home equity lines of credit typically have a five-year draw period as Citi changed these terms to mitigate risk. After conversion, the home equity loans typically have a 20-year amortization period.

        At September 30, 2013, Citi's home equity loan portfolio of $32.8 billion included approximately $19.6 billion of home equity lines of credit (Revolving HELOCs) that are still within their revolving period and have not commenced amortization, or "reset," compared to $20.4 billion at June 30, 2013. The following chart sets forth these Revolving HELOCs and the year in which they reset, as well as certain FICO and combined loan-to-value (CLTV) characteristics of the portfolio:

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GRAPHIC


Note:
Totals may not sum due to rounding.

Average refreshed FICO for Revolving HELOCs that will amortize between 2013-2014 was 719.

Average refreshed CLTV for Revolving HELOCs that will amortize between 2013-2014 was 65%.

Average refreshed FICO for Revolving HELOCs that will amortize between 2015-2017 was 723.

Average refreshed CLTV for Revolving HELOCs that will amortize between 2015-2017 was 77%.

        As indicated by the chart above, approximately 4% of Citi's Revolving HELOCs had commenced amortization as of September 30, 2013, compared to approximately 7% and 72% that will commence amortization during the remainder of 2013-2014 and 2015-2017, respectively. Based on the limited sample of Revolving HELOCs that has begun amortization, Citi has experienced marginally higher delinquency rates in its amortizing home equity loan portfolio as compared to its non-amortizing loan portfolio. However, these resets have generally occurred during a period of declining interest rates, which Citi believes has likely reduced the overall "payment shock" to the borrower. Citi continues to monitor this reset risk closely, particularly as it approaches 2015, and Citi will continue to consider any potential impact in determining its allowance for loan loss reserves. In addition, management continues to review additional actions to offset potential reset risk, such as extending offers to non-amortizing home equity loan borrowers to convert the non-amortizing home equity loan to a fixed-rate amortizing loan.

        As of September 30, 2013, the percentage of Citi's U.S. home equity loans in a junior lien position where Citi also owned or serviced the first lien was approximately 30%. However, for all home equity loans (regardless of whether Citi owns or services the first lien), Citi manages its home equity loan account strategy through obtaining and reviewing refreshed credit bureau scores (which reflect the borrower's performance on all of its debts, including a first lien, if any), refreshed CLTV ratios and other borrower credit-related information. Historically, the default and delinquency statistics for junior liens where Citi also owns or services the first lien have been better than for those where Citi does not own or service the first lien. Citi believes this is generally attributable to origination channels and better credit characteristics of the portfolio, including FICO and CLTV, for those junior liens where Citi also owns or services the first lien.

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        The following charts detail the quarterly trends in delinquencies and net credit losses for Citi's home equity loan portfolio in North America. The vast majority of Citi's home equity loan exposure arises from its portfolio in Citi Holdings.

GRAPHIC

GRAPHIC


(1)
Of the $29.8 billion of home equity loans in Citi Holdings as of September 30, 2013, approximately $2.8 billion consisted of home equity loans originated by CitiFinancial North America.

(2)
1Q'12 included approximately $55 million of charge-offs related to previously deferred principal balances on modified loans related to anticipated forgiveness of principal in connection with the national mortgage settlement. Excluding the impact of these charge-offs, net credit losses would have been $0.51 billion and $0.50 billion for the Citigroup and Citi Holdings portfolios, respectively.

(3)
Includes the following amounts of charge-offs related to Citi's fulfillment of its obligations under the national mortgage and independent foreclosure review settlements: 2Q'12, $21 million; 3Q'12, $16 million; 4Q'12, $30 million; 1Q'13, $51 million; 2Q'13, $12 million; and 3Q'13, $14 million. Citi expects net credit losses in its home equity loan portfolio in Citi Holdings to continue to be impacted by its fulfillment of the terms of the independent foreclosure review settlement. See also "Citi Holdings" above, and "Independent Foreclosure Review Settlement" below.

(4)
3Q'12 included approximately $454 million of charge-offs related to OCC guidance with respect to the treatment of mortgage loans where the borrower has gone through Chapter 7 bankruptcy. 4Q'12 included approximately $30 million benefit to charge-offs related to finalizing the impact of the OCC guidance. Excluding these impacts, net credit losses would have been $0.43 billion in 3Q'12 and $0.39 billion in 4Q'12 for the Citigroup portfolio, and $0.41 billion in 3Q'12 and $0.38 billion in 4Q'12 for the Citi Holdings portfolio.

(5)
Year-over-year change in the S&P/Case-Shiller U.S. National Home Price Index.

(6)
Year-over-year change as of August 2013.

N/A Not Applicable

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GRAPHIC


Note:
For each of the tables above, days past due exclude (i) U.S. mortgage loans that are guaranteed by U.S. government-sponsored agencies, because the potential loss predominantly resides with the U.S. agencies, and (ii) loans recorded at fair value. Totals may not sum due to rounding.

        As evidenced by the tables above, home equity loan delinquencies improved during the third quarter of 2013, including fewer loans entering the 30-89 days past due delinquency bucket. The improvement quarter-over-quarter was driven by continued modifications and improvement in HPI. Given the lack of a market in which to sell delinquent home equity loans, as well as the relatively smaller number of home equity loan modifications and modification programs (see Note 13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements), Citi's ability to reduce delinquencies or net credit losses in its home equity loan portfolio in Citi Holdings, whether pursuant to deterioration of the underlying credit performance of these loans or otherwise, is more limited as compared to residential first mortgages.

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North America Home Equity Loans—State Delinquency Trends

        The following tables set forth, for total Citigroup, the six states and/or regions with the highest concentration of Citi's home equity loans as of September 30, 2013 and June 30, 2013.

 
  September 30, 2013   June 30, 2013  
In billions of dollars
State(1)
  ENR(2)   ENR
Distribution
  90+DPD %   %
CLTV >
100%(3)
  Refreshed
FICO
  ENR(2)   ENR
Distribution
  90+DPD
%
  %
CLTV >
100%(3)
  Refreshed
FICO
 

CA

  $ 8.5     28 %   1.7 %   17 %   724   $ 8.9     28 %   1.8 %   26 %   725  

NY/NJ/CT(4)

    7.4     24     2.4     14     717     7.6     24     2.3     20     717  

FL(4)

    2.2     7     3.1     44     701     2.3     7     3.2     51     701  

IL(4)

    1.3     4     1.5     44     712     1.3     4     1.9     57     712  

IN/OH/MI(4)

    1.0     3     1.8     45     685     1.1     3     1.7     59     686  

AZ/NV

    0.7     2     2.3     55     713     0.8     2     2.5     63     712  

Other

    9.9     32     1.8     24     698     10.3     32     1.9     32     698  
                                           

Total

  $ 31.0     100 %   2.0 %   23 %   711   $ 32.3     100 %   2.1 %   31 %   711  
                                           

Note:
Totals may not sum due to rounding.

(1)
Certain of the states are included as part of a region based on Citi's view of similar HPI within the region.

(2)
Ending net receivables. Excludes loans in Canada and Puerto Rico and loans subject to LTSCs. Excludes balances for which FICO or LTV data are unavailable.

(3)
Represents combined loan-to-value (CLTV) for both residential first mortgages and home equity loans.

(4)
New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, Indiana, Ohio, Florida and Illinois are judicial states.

        As evidenced by the table above, Citi's home equity portfolio is primarily concentrated in California and the New York/New Jersey/Connecticut region (with New York the largest of the three states). The improving refreshed CLTV percentages at September 30, 2013 was primarily the result of improvements in HPI in these states/regions, thereby increasing values used in the determination of CLTV.

Independent Foreclosure Review Settlement

        Citi continues to fulfill its obligations under the independent foreclosure review settlement, entered into by Citi and other major mortgage servicers in January 2013, and estimates it will incur additional net credit losses of approximately $30 million per quarter through the first half of 2014. Citi continues to believe its loan loss reserve as of September 30, 2013 will be sufficient to cover any mortgage assistance under the settlement.

        For additional information regarding the settlement, see "Managing Global Risk—Credit Risk—Independent Foreclosure Review Settlement" in Citi's 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Consumer Mortgage FICO and LTV

        The following charts detail the quarterly trends for Citi's residential first mortgage and home equity loan portfolios by risk segment (FICO and LTV) and the 90+ day delinquency rates for those risk segments. For example, in the third quarter of 2013, residential first mortgages had $3.4 billion of balances with refreshed FICO < 660 and refreshed LTV > 100%. Approximately 15.4% of these loans in this segment were over 90+ days past due.

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Residential First Mortgages

In billions of dollars

GRAPHIC

Home Equity Loans

In billions of dollars

GRAPHIC


Notes:

        During the third quarter of 2013, Citi's residential first mortgages with an LTV above 100% declined 39% to $5.7 billion, and high LTV loans with FICO scores of less than 660 declined 31% to $3.4 billion. The residential first mortgage portfolio has migrated to a higher FICO and lower LTV distribution primarily due to home price appreciation, asset sales of delinquent first mortgages and principal forgiveness.

        Loans 90+ days past due in the residential first mortgage portfolio with refreshed FICO scores of less than 660 as well as higher LTVs declined 31% to $0.5 billion during the third quarter of 2013, primarily due to home price appreciation, liquidations and asset sales of delinquent first mortgages.

        Citi's home equity loans with a CLTV above 100% declined 29% during the third quarter of 2013, and high CLTV loans with FICO scores of less than 660 declined 28% to $2.1 billion, primarily due to home price appreciation, repayments and charge offs.

        Loans 90+ days past due in the home equity portfolio with refreshed FICO scores of less than 660 as well as higher LTVs declined 31% to $160 million during the third quarter of 2013, primarily due to charge offs, home price appreciation and modifications.

        Residential first mortgages historically have experienced higher delinquency rates, as compared to home equity loans, despite the fact that home equity loans are typically in junior lien positions and residential first mortgages are typically in a first lien position. Citi believes this difference is primarily because residential first mortgages are written down to collateral value less cost to sell at 180 days past due and remain in the delinquency population until full disposition through sale, repayment or foreclosure; however, home equity loans are generally fully charged off at 180 days past due and thus removed from the delinquency calculation. In addition, due to the longer timelines to foreclose on a residential first mortgage (see "Foreclosures" above), these loans tend to remain in the delinquency statistics for a longer period and, consequently, the 90 days or more delinquencies of these loans remain higher.

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Mortgage Servicing Rights

        To minimize credit and liquidity risk, Citi sells most of the conforming mortgage loans it originates but retains the servicing rights. These sale transactions create an intangible asset referred to as mortgage servicing rights (MSRs), which are recorded at fair value on Citi's Consolidated Balance Sheet. The fair value of MSRs is primarily affected by changes in prepayments of mortgages that result from shifts in mortgage interest rates. Specifically, higher interest rates tend to lead to declining prepayments which causes the fair value of the MSRs to increase. In managing this risk, Citi economically hedges a significant portion of the value of its MSRs through the use of interest rate derivative contracts, forward purchase and sale commitments of mortgage-backed securities and purchased securities classified as trading account assets.

        Citi's MSRs totaled $2.6 billion as of September 30, 2013, compared to $2.5 billion at June 30, 2013, primarily due to the impact from newly capitalized MSRs, partially offset by amortization. At September 30, 2013, approximately $2.0 billion of MSRs were specific to Citicorp, with the remainder to Citi Holdings.

        For additional information on Citi's MSRs, see Note 19 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.


Citigroup Residential Mortgages—Representations and Warranties

Overview

        In connection with Citi's sales of residential mortgage loans to the U.S. government-sponsored entities (GSEs) and, in most cases, other mortgage loan sales and private-label securitizations, Citi makes representations and warranties that the loans sold meet certain requirements. The specific representations and warranties made by Citi in any particular transaction depend on, among other things, the nature of the transaction and the requirements of the investor (e.g., whole loan sale to the GSEs versus loans sold through securitization transactions), as well as the credit quality of the loan (e.g., prime, Alt-A or subprime).

        These sales expose Citi to potential claims for alleged breaches of its representations and warranties. In the event of a breach of its representations and warranties, Citi could be required either to repurchase the mortgage loans with the identified defects (generally at unpaid principal balance plus accrued interest) or to indemnify ("make whole") the investors for their losses on these loans. Investors could also seek recovery for alleged breaches of representations and warranties, as well as losses caused by non-performing loans more generally, through litigation premised on a variety of legal theories.

Whole Loan Sales

        Citi is exposed to representation and warranty repurchase claims primarily as a result of its whole loan sales to the GSEs and, to a lesser extent private investors, through its Consumer business in CitiMortgage. For the types of representation and warranties made to these investors, see "Managing Global Risk—Credit Risk—Citigroup Residential Mortgages—Representation and Warranties" in Citi's 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K. To the extent Citi made representation and warranties on loans it purchased from third-party sellers that remain financially viable, Citi may have the right to seek recovery of repurchase losses or make-whole payments from the third party based on representations and warranties made by the third party to Citi (a "back-to-back" claim).

        During the period 2006 through 2008, Citi sold a total of approximately $321 billion of whole loans, substantially all to the GSEs (this amount has not been adjusted for subsequent borrower repayments of principal, defaults or repurchase activity to date). The vast majority of these loans were either originated by Citi or purchased from third-party sellers that Citi believes would be unlikely to honor back-to-back claims because they are in bankruptcy, liquidation or financial distress and, thus, are no longer financially viable. As discussed below, however, Citi's repurchase reserve takes into account estimated reimbursements, if any, to be received from third-party sellers.

        On September 25, 2013, Citi reached an agreement with Freddie Mac to resolve potential future repurchase claims for breaches of representations and warranties on 3.7 million residential first mortgage loans sold to Freddie Mac that were originated between 2000 and 2012 (Included Loans). Citi paid Freddie Mac $395 million under the agreement, all of which was covered by Citi's existing mortgage repurchase reserves as of June 30, 2013. The agreement covers potential future

72


origination-related representation and warranty claims on the Included Loans. The agreement does not release Citi's liability with respect to its servicing or other ongoing contractual obligations on the Included Loans. It also does not release liability to a population of less than 1,000 loans originated between 2000 and 2012 with certain characteristics such as loans sold with recourse or some guarantee of performance and loans currently in the repurchase process.

Private-Label Residential Mortgage Securitizations

        Citi is also exposed to representation and warranty repurchase claims as a result of mortgage loans sold through private-label residential mortgage securitizations. However, as of the first quarter of 2013, Citi considers private-label securitization representation and warranty claims as part of its litigation accrual analysis (see "Managing Global Risk—Credit Risk—Citigroup Residential Mortgages—Representation and Warranties—Repurchase Reserve" in Citi's First Quarter of 2013 Form 10-Q for additional information). For additional information, see Note 24 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

        During the period 2005 through 2008, Citi sold approximately $91 billion of mortgage loans into and sponsored private-label securitizations through both its Consumer business in CitiMortgage and its legacy S&B business. For the types of representation and warranties made to these investors, which were generally made or assigned to the issuing trust, as well as other additional information relating to Citi's private-label residential mortgage securitizations, see "Managing Global Risk—Credit Risk—Citigroup Residential Mortgages—Representation and Warranties" in Citi's 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

CitiMortgage

        During the period 2005 through 2008, Citi sold approximately $24.6 billion of loans through private-label mortgage securitization trusts via its Consumer business in CitiMortgage, which were composed of approximately $15.4 billion in prime trusts and $9.2 billion in Alt-A trusts, each as classified at issuance.

        As of September 30, 2013, approximately $7.4 billion of the $24.6 billion remained outstanding (compared to $7.8 billion at June 30, 2013) as a result of repayments of approximately $15.7 billion and cumulative losses (incurred by the issuing trusts) of approximately $1.5 billion. The remaining outstanding amount is composed of approximately $3.5 billion in prime trusts and approximately $3.9 billion in Alt-A trusts, as classified at issuance. As of September 30, 2013, the remaining outstanding amount had a 90 days or more delinquency rate of approximately 16.3% (unchanged from 16.3% at June 30, 2013).

Legacy S&B Securitizations

        During the period 2005 through 2008, S&B, through its legacy business, sold approximately $66.4 billion of loans through private-label mortgage securitization trusts, which were composed of approximately $15.4 billion in prime trusts, $12.4 billion in Alt-A trusts and $38.6 billion in subprime trusts, each as classified at issuance.

        As of September 30, 2013, approximately $17.5 billion of the $66.4 billion remained outstanding (compared to $18.3 billion at June 30, 2013) as a result of repayments of approximately $37.4 billion and cumulative losses (incurred by the issuing trusts) of approximately $11.5 billion (of which approximately $8.6 billion related to loans in subprime trusts). The remaining outstanding amount is composed of approximately $4.4 billion in prime trusts, $3.7 billion in Alt-A trusts and $9.5 billion in subprime trusts, as classified at issuance. As of September 30, 2013, the remaining outstanding amount had a 90 days or more delinquency rate of approximately 23.2% (compared to 24.1% at June 30, 2013).

Whole Loan Representation and Warranty Claims by Claimant

        The following table sets forth the original principal balance of representation and warranty claims received, as well as the original principal balance of unresolved claims by claimant, for or at each of the periods presented:

 
  Claims during the three months ended(1)  
In millions of dollars   September 30,
2013
  June 30,
2013
  March 31,
2013
  December 31,
2012
  September 30,
2012
 

GSEs and others(2)

  $ 151   $ 634   $ 1,110   $ 769   $ 863  

Mortgage insurers(3)

    1     13     16     18     21  
                       

Total

  $ 152   $ 647   $ 1,126   $ 787   $ 884  
                       

 

 
  Unresolved claims at(1)  
In millions of dollars   September 30,
2013
  June 30,
2013
  March 31,
2013
  December 31,
2012
  September 30,
2012
 

GSEs and others(2)

  $ 153   $ 259   $ 1,246   $ 1,224   $ 1,371  

Mortgage insurers(3)

        5     6     5     4  
                       

Total

  $ 153   $ 264   $ 1,252   $ 1,229   $ 1,375  
                       

(1)
As of the first quarter of 2013, excludes private-label securitization claims which Citi considers as part of its litigation accrual analysis and is not included in its repurchase reserve. The original principal balance of representation and warranty claims received on private-label securitizations was $1.5 billion during 2012 and $1.7 billion year-to-date in 2013. The original principal balance of unresolved private-label securitization representation and warranty claims was $3.4 billion as of September 30, 2013.

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(2)
The decreases in claims during the three months ended, and unresolved claims at September 30, 2013 and June 30, 2013 primarily reflects the agreements with Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac during the second quarter of 2013 and the third quarter of 2013, respectively. See the table below.

(3)
Represents the insurer's rejection of a claim for loss reimbursement that has yet to be resolved and includes only GSE whole loan activity. To the extent that mortgage insurance will not cover the claim on a loan, Citi may have to make the GSE whole. Failure to collect from mortgage insurers is considered in determining the repurchase reserve. Citi does not believe the inability to collect reimbursement from mortgage insurers is likely to have a material impact on its repurchase reserve.

Repurchase Reserve

        Citi has recorded a repurchase reserve for its potential repurchase or make-whole liability regarding representation and warranty claims, which primarily relates to whole loan sales to the GSEs. The current repurchase reserve balance is primarily available to cover representation and warranty claims on residential mortgage loans sold to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac that are excluded from each agreement (for additional information on the Fannie Mae agreement, see "Managing Global Risk—Credit Risk—Citigroup Residential Mortgages—Representation and Warranties—Repurchase Reserve" in Citi's Second Quarter of 2013 Form 10-Q) as well as loans sold to private investors. As noted above, as of the first quarter of 2013, Citi considers private-label securitization representation and warranty claims as part of its litigation accrual analysis and not as part of its repurchase reserve.

        The repurchase reserve is based on various assumptions which are primarily based on Citi's historical repurchase activity with the GSEs. As of September 30, 2013, the most significant assumptions used to calculate the reserve levels are the: (i) probability of a claim based on correlation between loan characteristics and repurchase claims; (ii) claims appeal success rates; and (iii) estimated loss per repurchase or make-whole payment. In addition, Citi considers reimbursements estimated to be received from third-party sellers, if any, which are generally based on Citi's analysis of its most recent collection trends and the financial solvency or viability of the third-party sellers.

        The repurchase reserve estimation process for potential whole loan representation and warranty claims relies on various assumptions that involve numerous estimates and judgments, including with respect to certain future events, and thus entails inherent uncertainty. Citi estimates that the range of reasonably possible loss for whole loan sale representation and warranty claims in excess of amounts accrued as of September 30, 2013 could be up to $0.2 billion. This estimate was derived by modifying the key assumptions discussed above to reflect management's judgment regarding reasonably possible adverse changes to those assumptions. Citi's estimate of reasonably possible loss is based on currently available information, significant judgment and numerous assumptions that are subject to change.

        The table below sets forth the activity in the repurchase reserve for each of the quarterly periods presented:

 
  Three Months Ended  
In millions of dollars   September 30,
2013
  June 30,
2013
  March 31,
2013
  December 31,
2012
  September 30,
2012
 

Balance, beginning of period

  $ 719   $ 1,415   $ 1,565   $ 1,516   $ 1,476  

Reclassification(1)

            (244 )        

Additions for new sales(2)

    7     9     7     6     7  

Change in estimate

        245     225     173     200  

Utilizations

    (10 )   (37 )   (138 )   (130 )   (167 )

Fannie Mae Agreement(3)

        (913 )            

Freddie Mac Agreement(4)

    (371 )                
                       

Balance, end of period

  $ 345   $ 719   $ 1,415   $ 1,565   $ 1,516  
                       

(1)
First quarter of 2013 reflects reclassification of $244 million of the repurchase reserve relating to private-label securitizations to Citi's litigation accruals.

(2)
Reflects new whole loan sales, primarily to the GSEs.

(3)
Reflects $968 million paid pursuant to the Fannie Mae agreement, net of repurchases made in the first quarter of 2013.

(4)
Reflects $395 million paid pursuant to the Freddie Mac agreement, net of repurchases made in the second quarter of 2013.

        The following table sets forth the unpaid principal balance of loans repurchased due to representation and warranty claims during each of the quarterly periods presented:

 
  Three Months Ended  
In millions of dollars   September 30,
2013
  June 30,
2013
  March 31,
2013
  December 31,
2012
  September 30,
2012
 

GSEs and others(1)

  $ 46   $ 220   $ 190   $ 157   $ 105  
                       

(1)
Predominantly related to claims from the GSEs.

74


        In addition to the amounts set forth in the table above, Citi recorded make-whole payments of $17 million, $59 million, $93 million, $92 million and $118 million for the quarterly periods ended September 30, 2013, June 30, 2013, March 31, 2012, December 31, 2012 and September 30, 2012, respectively. Nearly all of these make-whole payments were to the GSEs.

        To date, the majority of Citi's repurchases have related to loans originated from 2006 through 2008, which also represent the vintages with the highest loss severity. An insignificant percentage of repurchases and make-whole payments have been from vintages pre-2006 and post-2008, which Citi attributes to better credit performance of these vintages and to the enhanced underwriting standards implemented beginning in the second half of 2008. Issues related to (i) misrepresentation of facts by either the borrower or a third party (e.g., income, employment, debts, etc.), (ii) appraisal issues (e.g., an error or misrepresentation of value), and (iii) program requirements (e.g., a loan that does not meet investor guidelines, such as contractual interest rate) have been the primary drivers of Citi's repurchases and make-whole payments to the GSEs. The type of defect that results in a repurchase or make-whole payment, however, has varied and will likely continue to vary over time. There has not been a meaningful difference in Citi's incurred or estimated loss for any particular type of defect.


North America Cards

Overview

        Citi's North America cards portfolio primarily consists of its Citi-branded cards and Citi retail services portfolios in Citicorp. As of September 30, 2013, the Citicorp Citi-branded cards portfolio totaled approximately $69 billion, while the Citi retail services portfolio was approximately $43 billion, including approximately $7 billion of loans added in September 2013 as a result of the previously-announced acquisition of Best Buy's U.S. credit card portfolio.

        See Note 13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for information on Citi's North America cards modifications.

North America Cards Quarterly Credit Trends—Delinquencies and Net Credit Losses

        The following charts detail the quarterly trends in delinquencies and net credit losses for Citigroup's North America Citi-branded cards and Citi retail services portfolios in Citicorp. Assuming no downturn in the U.S. economic environment, Citi believes credit trends have largely stabilized in the cards portfolios.

GRAPHIC

GRAPHIC

75



CONSUMER LOAN DETAILS

Consumer Loan Delinquency Amounts and Ratios

 
  Total
loans(1)
  90+ days past due(2)   30-89 days past due(2)  
In millions of dollars,
except EOP loan amounts in billions
  September
2013
  September
2013
  June
2013
  September
2012
  September
2013
  June
2013
  September
2012
 

Citicorp(3)(4)

                                           

Total

  $ 293.1   $ 2,699   $ 2,644   $ 3,024   $ 3,215   $ 2,967   $ 3,539  

Ratio

          0.92 %   0.94 %   1.05 %   1.10 %   1.05 %   1.23 %
                               

Retail banking

                                           

Total

  $ 148.4   $ 872   $ 849   $ 882   $ 1,109   $ 1,085   $ 1,154  

Ratio

          0.59 %   0.59 %   0.62 %   0.75 %   0.75 %   0.81 %

North America

    43.2     277     285     291     209     217     230  

Ratio

          0.66 %   0.71 %   0.72 %   0.50 %   0.54 %   0.57 %

EMEA

    5.5     38     41     50     57     68     79  

Ratio

          0.69 %   0.77 %   1.02 %   1.04 %   1.28 %   1.61 %

Latin America

    29.4     347     318     322     445     368     412  

Ratio

          1.18 %   1.07 %   1.17 %   1.51 %   1.24 %   1.50 %

Asia

    70.3     210     205     219     398     432     433  

Ratio

          0.30 %   0.30 %   0.32 %   0.57 %   0.63 %   0.62 %
                               

Cards

                                           

Total

  $ 144.7   $ 1,827   $ 1,795   $ 2,142   $ 2,106   $ 1,882   $ 2,385  

Ratio

          1.26 %   1.30 %   1.47 %   1.46 %   1.36 %   1.63 %

North America—Citi-branded

    68.8     628     663     760     650     588     744  

Ratio

          0.91 %   0.96 %   1.05 %   0.94 %   0.85 %   1.03 %

North America—Citi retail services

    43.0     650     556     716     799     615     823  

Ratio

          1.51 %   1.54 %   1.96 %   1.86 %   1.71 %   2.25 %

EMEA

    2.4     34     44     45     44     57     68  

Ratio

          1.42 %   1.57 %   1.55 %   1.83 %   2.04 %   2.34 %

Latin America

    11.8     326     323     401     346     335     416  

Ratio

          2.76 %   2.81 %   2.82 %   2.93 %   2.91 %   2.93 %

Asia

    18.7     189     209     220     267     287     334  

Ratio

          1.01 %   1.11 %   1.10 %   1.43 %   1.52 %   1.67 %
                               

Citi Holdings(5)(6)

                                           

Total

  $ 94.3   $ 2,932   $ 3,207   $ 4,974   $ 2,845   $ 3,151   $ 4,753  

Ratio

          3.38 %   3.56 %   4.54 %   3.28 %   3.50 %   4.34 %

International

    6.0     177     242     366     184     255     436  

Ratio

          2.95 %   3.90 %   4.16 %   3.07 %   4.11 %   4.95 %

North America

    88.3     2,755     2,965     4,608     2,661     2,896     4,317  

Ratio

          3.42 %   3.53 %   4.58 %   3.31 %   3.45 %   4.29 %

Other

    0.4                                      
                               

Total Citigroup

  $ 387.8   $ 5,631   $ 5,851   $ 7,998   $ 6,060   $ 6,118   $ 8,292  

Ratio

          1.49 %   1.57 %   2.01 %   1.60 %   1.64 %   2.09 %
                               

(1)
Total loans include interest and fees on credit cards.

(2)
The ratios of 90+ days past due and 30-89 days past due are calculated based on end-of-period (EOP) loans.

(3)
The 90+ days past due balances for North America—Citi-branded cards and North America—Citi retail services are generally still accruing interest. Citigroup's policy is generally to accrue interest on credit card loans until 180 days past due, unless notification of bankruptcy filing has been received earlier.

(4)
The 90+ days and 30-89 days past due and related ratios for North America Regional Consumer Banking exclude U.S. mortgage loans that are guaranteed by U.S. government-sponsored entities since the potential loss predominantly resides within the U.S. government agencies. The amounts excluded for loans 90+ days past due and (EOP loans) were $733 million ($1.3 billion), $728 million ($1.3 billion), and $738 million ($1.2 billion) at September 30, 2013, June 30, 2013 and September 30, 2012, respectively. The amounts excluded for loans 30-89 days past due (EOP loans have the same adjustment as above) were $146 million, $144 million, and $122 million, at September 30, 2013, June 30, 2013 and September 30, 2012, respectively.

(5)
The 90+ days and 30-89 days past due and related ratios for North America Citi Holdings exclude U.S. mortgage loans that are guaranteed by U.S. government-sponsored entities since the potential loss predominantly resides within the U.S. agencies. The amounts excluded for loans 90+ days past due and (EOP loans) for each period were $3.4 billion ($6.5 billion), $3.5 billion ($6.8 billion), and $4.1 billion ($7.2 billion) at September 30, 2013, June 30, 2013 and September 30, 2012, respectively. The amounts excluded for loans 30-89 days past due (EOP loans have the same adjustment as above) for each period were $1.1 billion, $1.2 billion, and $1.3 billion, at September 30, 2013, June 30, 2013 and September 30, 2012, respectively.

(6)
The September 30, 2013, June 30, 2013 and September 30, 2012 loans 90+ days past due and 30-89 days past due and related ratios for North America exclude $1.0 billion, $1.0 billion and $1.2 billion, respectively, of loans that are carried at fair value.

76



Consumer Loan Net Credit Losses and Ratios

 
   
  Net credit losses(2)  
 
  Average
loans(1)
3Q13
 
In millions of dollars, except average loan amounts in billions   3Q13   2Q13   3Q12  

Citicorp

                         

Total

  $ 285.6   $ 1,730   $ 1,785   $ 1,948  

Ratio

          2.40 %   2.53 %   2.74 %
                   

Retail banking

                         

Total

  $ 147.3   $ 336   $ 299   $ 325  

Ratio

          0.90 %   0.83 %   0.92 %

North America

    42.9     38     44     72  

Ratio

          0.35 %   0.43 %   0.69 %

EMEA

    5.6     11     (2 )   12  

Ratio

          0.78 %   (0.15 %)   1.02 %

Latin America

    29.6     209     204     160  

Ratio

          2.80 %   2.74 %   2.39 %

Asia

    69.2     78     53     81  

Ratio

          0.45 %   0.31 %   0.47 %
                   

Cards

                         

Total

  $ 138.3   $ 1,394   $ 1,486   $ 1,623  

Ratio

          4.00 %   4.33 %   4.57 %

North America—Citi-branded

    68.4     610     665     745  

Ratio

          3.54 %   3.90 %   4.15 %

North America—Retail services

    37.8     435     481     534  

Ratio

          4.57 %   5.39 %   5.82 %

EMEA

    2.1     10     1     17  

Ratio

          1.89 %   0.14 %   2.42 %

Latin America

    11.6     225     212     191  

Ratio

          7.70 %   7.39 %   7.10 %

Asia

    18.4     114     127     136  

Ratio

          2.46 %   2.68 %   2.73 %
                   

Citi Holdings

                         

Total

  $ 96.7   $ 602   $ 775   $ 1,824  

Ratio

          2.47 %   3.01 %   5.96 %

International

    6.1     46     51     121  

Ratio

          2.99 %   3.20 %   5.35 %

North America

    90.6     556     724     1,703  

Ratio

          2.43 %   2.99 %   6.01 %
                   

Total Citigroup

  $ 382.3   $ 2,332   $ 2,560   $ 3,772  

Ratio

          2.42 %   2.66 %   3.71 %
                   

(1)
Average loans include interest and fees on credit cards.

(2)
The ratios of net credit losses are calculated based on average loans, net of unearned income.

77



CORPORATE CREDIT DETAILS

        For additional information on the credit process for Citi's corporate clients and investment banking activities, see "Managing Global Risk—Risk Management—Overview" and "Managing Global Risk—Credit Risk—Corporate Loan Details" in Citigroup's 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K.


Corporate Credit Portfolio

        The following table represents the Corporate credit portfolio (excluding Private Bank in Securities and Banking), before consideration of collateral or hedges, by remaining tenor at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012. The Corporate credit portfolio includes loans and unfunded lending commitments in Citi's institutional client exposure in Institutional Client Group and, to a lesser extent, Citi Holdings, by Citi's internal management hierarchy and is broken out by (i) direct outstandings, which include drawn loans, overdrafts, bankers' acceptances and leases, and (ii) unfunded lending commitments, which include unused commitments to lend, letters of credit and financial guarantees.

 
  At September 30, 2013   At December 31, 2012  
In billions of dollars   Due
within
1 year
  Greater
than 1 year
but within
5 years
  Greater
than
5 years
  Total
Exposure
  Due
within
1 year
  Greater
than 1 year
but within
5 years
  Greater
than
5 years
  Total
exposure
 

Direct outstandings

  $ 111   $ 76   $ 30   $ 217   $ 92   $ 76   $ 28   $ 196  

Unfunded lending commitments

    92     195     26     313     88     199     28     315  
                                   

Total

  $ 203   $ 271   $ 56   $ 530   $ 180   $ 275   $ 56   $ 511  
                                   


Portfolio Mix—Geography, Counterparty and Industry

        Citi's Corporate credit portfolio is diverse across geography and counterparty. The following table shows the percentage of direct outstandings and unfunded lending commitments by region based on Citi's internal management geography:

 
  September 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012
 

North America

    51 %   52 %

EMEA

    26     27  

Asia

    16     14  

Latin America

    7     7  
           

Total

    100 %   100 %
           

        The maintenance of accurate and consistent risk ratings across the Corporate credit portfolio facilitates the comparison of credit exposure across all lines of business, geographic regions and products. Counterparty risk ratings reflect an estimated probability of default for a counterparty and are derived primarily through the use of validated statistical models, scorecard models and external agency ratings (under defined circumstances), in combination with consideration of factors specific to the obligor or market, such as management experience, competitive position and regulatory environment. Facility risk ratings are assigned that reflect the probability of default of the obligor and factors that affect the loss-given-default of the facility, such as support or collateral. Internal obligor ratings that generally correspond to BBB and above are considered investment grade, while those below are considered non-investment grade.

        Citigroup also has incorporated climate risk assessment criteria for certain obligors, as necessary. Factors evaluated include consideration of climate risk to an obligor's business and physical assets and, when relevant, consideration of cost-effective options to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

        The following table presents the Corporate credit portfolio by facility risk rating at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, as a percentage of the total Corporate credit portfolio:

 
  Direct outstandings and
unfunded lending commitments
 
 
  September 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012
 

AAA/AA/A

    51 %   52 %

BBB

    15     14  

BB/B

    31     32  

CCC or below

    3     2  

Unrated

         
           

Total

    100 %   100 %
           

78


        Citi's Corporate credit portfolio is also diversified by industry, with a concentration in the financial sector, broadly defined, and including banks, other financial institutions, insurance companies, investment banks and government and central banks. The following table shows the allocation of direct outstandings and unfunded lending commitments to industries as a percentage of the total Corporate credit portfolio:

 
  Direct outstandings and
unfunded lending commitments
 
 
  September 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012
 

Transportation and industrial

    22 %   21 %

Petroleum, energy, chemical and metal

    21     20  

Consumer retail and health

    15     15  

Banks/broker-dealers

    11     10  

Technology, media and telecom

    10     9  

Public sector

    5     8  

Insurance and special purpose entities

    5     6  

Real estate

    5     4  

Hedge funds

    4     4  

Other industries

    2     3  
           

Total

    100 %   100 %
           


Credit Risk Mitigation

        As part of its overall risk management activities, Citigroup uses credit derivatives and other risk mitigants to hedge portions of the credit risk in its Corporate credit portfolio, in addition to outright asset sales. The purpose of these transactions is to transfer credit risk to third parties. The results of the mark to market and any realized gains or losses on credit derivatives are reflected in Principal transactions on the Consolidated Statement of Income.

        At September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, $30.6 billion and $33.0 billion, respectively, of the Corporate credit portfolio was economically hedged. Citigroup's expected loss model used in the calculation of its loan loss reserve does not include the favorable impact of credit derivatives and other mitigants that are marked-to-market. In addition, the reported amounts of direct outstandings and unfunded lending commitments in the tables above do not reflect the impact of these hedging transactions. At September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the credit protection was economically hedging underlying Corporate credit portfolio with the following risk rating distribution:


Rating of Hedged Exposure

 
  September 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012
 

AAA/AA/A

    26 %   34 %

BBB

    41     39  

BB/B

    25     23  

CCC or below

    8     4  
           

Total

    100 %   100 %
           

        At September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the credit protection was economically hedging underlying Corporate credit portfolio exposures with the following industry distribution:


Industry of Hedged Exposure

 
  September 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012
 

Transportation and industrial

    27 %   27 %

Petroleum, energy, chemical and metal

    22     25  

Technology, media and telecom

    13     11  

Banks/broker-dealers

    11     10  

Public sector

    9     5  

Consumer retail and health

    9     13  

Insurance and special purpose entities

    5     5  

Other industries

    4     4  
           

Total

    100 %   100 %
           

        For additional information on Citi's Corporate credit portfolio, including allowance for loan losses, coverage ratios and Corporate non-accrual loans, see "Credit Risk—Loans Outstanding, Details of Credit Loss Experience, Allowance for Loan Losses and Non-Accrual Loans and Assets" above.

79


MARKET RISK

        Market risk encompasses liquidity risk and price risk, both of which arise in the normal course of business of a global financial intermediary such as Citi. For a discussion of funding and liquidity risk, see "Capital Resources and Liquidity—Funding and Liquidity" above. Price risk arises from fluctuations in the market value of trading and non-trading positions resulting from changes in interest rates, credit spreads, foreign exchange rates, equity and commodity prices, and in their implied volatilities. For additional information, see "Managing Global Risk—Market Risk" in Citi's 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Price Risk—Non-Trading Portfolios

Changes in Interest Rates—Impacts on Net Interest Revenue, Other Comprehensive Income and Capital

        Citi measures the potential impacts of changes in interest rates on Citi's net interest revenue and value of its other comprehensive income (OCI) and tangible common equity, which can in turn impact Citi's estimated Basel III Tier 1 Common ratio.

        Citi manages interest rate risk as a consolidated net position. Citi's client-facing businesses create interest rate sensitive positions, including loans and deposits, as part of their ongoing activities. Citi Treasury accumulates these risk positions and manages them centrally. Operating within established limits, Citi Treasury makes positioning decisions and uses tools, such as Citi's investment securities portfolio, firm-issued debt, and interest rate derivatives, to target the desired risk profile. Changes in Citi's interest rate risk position reflect the accumulated changes in all non-trading assets and liabilities, with potentially large and offsetting impacts, as well as Citi Treasury's positioning decisions.

        OCI at risk is managed as part of the firm-wide interest rate risk position. OCI at risk considers potential changes in OCI (and the corresponding impact on the estimated Basel III Tier 1 Common ratio) relative to Citi's capital generation capacity.

        The following table sets forth the estimated impact to Citi's net interest revenue, OCI and estimated Basel III Tier 1 Common ratio, each assuming an unanticipated parallel instantaneous 100 basis point increase in interest rates. While Citi also monitors the impact of a decrease in interest rates, a 100 basis point decrease in interest rates is not currently meaningful, as it would imply negative interest rates in many of Citi's markets.

In millions of dollars (unless otherwise noted)   Sep. 30, 2013   Jun. 30, 2013   Sep. 30, 2012  

Estimated annualized impact to net interest revenue(1)

                   

U.S. dollar(2)

  $ 1,197   $ 1,117   $ 786  

All other currencies

    569     647     630  
               

Total

  $ 1,766   $ 1,764   $ 1,416  

As a percentage of Average Interest-Earning Assets

    0.11 %   0.11 %   0.08 %

Estimated impact to OCI (after-tax)(3)

  $ (2,462 ) $ (2,200 ) $ (2,281 )

Estimated impact on Basel III Tier 1 Common Ratio (bps)(4)

    (35 )   (38 )   (34 )
               

(1)
Citi estimates the impact to net interest revenue for the first year following an interest rate change assuming no change to Citi Treasury's interest rate positioning as a result of the interest rate changes.

(2)
Certain trading-oriented businesses within Citi have accrual-accounted positions that are excluded from the estimated impact to net interest revenue in the table since these exposures are economically managed in combination with marked-to-market positions. The U.S. dollar interest rate exposure associated with these businesses was $(205) million for a 100 basis point instantaneous increase in interest rates as of September 30, 2013.

(3)
Includes the effect of changes in interest rates on OCI related to investment securities, cash flow hedges and pension liability adjustments.

(4)
The estimated impact to Basel III Tier 1 Common ratio considers the effect of Citi's deferred tax asset position.

80


        The increase in the estimated impact to net interest revenue from the prior-year period primarily reflects changes in Citi's balance sheet composition, including the continued growth and seasoning of Citi's deposit balances and increases in Citi's capital base, net of Citi Treasury positioning. The change in the estimated impact to OCI and estimated Basel III Tier 1 Common ratio from the prior quarter and year primarily reflected changes in the composition of Citi Treasury's investment portfolio.

        In the event of an unanticipated parallel instantaneous 100 basis point increase in interest rates, Citi expects the impact to OCI would be offset through the combination of expected incremental net interest revenue and the expected recovery of the impact on OCI through accretion, over a period of time. As of September 30, 2013, Citi expects that the $(2.5) billion impact to OCI in such a scenario could potentially be offset over approximately 18 months.

        Citi routinely runs multiple interest rate scenarios, including interest rate increases and decreases as well as steepening and flattening of the yield curve, to anticipate how net interest revenue and OCI might be impacted in different interest rate environments. The following table sets forth the estimated impact to Citi's net interest revenue, OCI and estimated Basel III Tier 1 Common ratio under four different changes in interest rates for the U.S. dollar and Citi's other currencies.

In millions of dollars (unless otherwise noted)   Scenario 1   Scenario 2   Scenario 3   Scenario 4  

Overnight rate change (bps)

    100     100          

10-year rate change (bps)

    100         100     (100 )
                   

Estimated annualized impact to net interest revenue (in millions of dollars)

                         

U.S. dollar

  $ 1,197   $ 1,030   $ 61   $ (61 )

All other currencies

    569     477     31     (31 )
                   

Total

  $ 1,766   $ 1,507   $ 92   $ (92 )
                   

Estimated impact to OCI (after-tax)(1)

  $ (2,462 ) $ (1,820 ) $ (834 ) $ 482  
                   

Estimated impact to Basel III Tier 1 Common Ratio (bps)

    (35 )   (22 )   (15 )   10  
                   

Note:
Each scenario in the table above assumes that the rate change will occur instantaneously, and that there are no changes to Citi Treasury's portfolio positioning as a result of the interest rate changes. Changes in interest rates for maturities between the overnight rate and the 10-year are interpolated.

(1)
Includes the effect of changes in interest rates on OCI related to investment securities, cash flow hedges and pension liability adjustments.

        As shown in the table above, the magnitude of the impact to Citi's net interest revenue and OCI is greater under scenario 2 as compared to scenario 3. This is due to the fact that the combination of changes to Citi's investment portfolio, partially offset by changes related to Citi's pension liabilities, results in a net position that is more sensitive to rates at shorter and intermediate term maturities.

Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates—Impacts on OCI and Capital

        As of September 30, 2013, Citi estimates that a simultaneous 5% appreciation of the U.S. dollar against all of Citi's other currencies could reduce Citi's tangible common equity (TCE) by approximately $1.5 billion, or 0.9% of TCE, as a result of changes to Citi's foreign currency translation adjustment OCI, net of hedges. This impact is primarily due to changes in the value of the Mexican Peso, the Japanese Yen, the British pound sterling, the Korean Won and the Euro.

        Despite this decrease in TCE, Citi believes its business model and management of foreign currency translation exposure work to minimize the effect of changes in foreign exchange rates on its estimated Basel III Tier 1 Common ratio. Specifically, as currency movements change the value of Citi's net investments in foreign currencies, these movements also change the value of Citi's risk-weighted assets denominated in those currencies. This, coupled with Citi's foreign currency hedging strategies, such as foreign currency borrowings, foreign currency forwards and other currency hedging instruments, lessens the impact of foreign currency movements on Citi's estimated Basel III Tier 1 Common ratio.

        The effect of these management strategies can be seen as a result of changes in foreign exchange rates during the third quarter of 2013. During the quarter, the U.S. dollar depreciated by approximately 1.3% against the major currencies to which Citi is exposed, resulting in an approximately $0.6 billion, or approximately 0.4%, increase in TCE. The impact on Citi's estimated Basel III Tier 1 Common ratio was a reduction of approximately 1 basis point.

        For additional information in the changes in OCI during the third quarter of 2013 (and comparable periods), see Note 17 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

81



Price Risk—Trading Portfolios

        Value at risk (VAR) estimates, at a 99% confidence level, the potential decline in the value of a position or a portfolio under normal market conditions assuming a one-day holding period. VAR statistics, which are based on historical data, can be materially different across firms due to differences in portfolio composition, differences in VAR methodologies, and differences in model parameters. As a result, Citi believes VAR statistics can be used more effectively as indicators of trends in risk taking within a firm, rather than as a basis for inferring differences in risk taking across firms.

        In addition to VAR, Citi monitors the price risk of its trading portfolios using other measures, including risk factor sensitivities and stress testing. For additional information on risk factor sensitivities and stress testing, see "Managing Global Risk—Market Risk—Price Risk—Trading Portfolios" in Citi's 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

        Citi uses a single, independently approved Monte Carlo simulation VAR model (see "VAR Model Review and Validation" below) which has been designed to capture material risk sensitivities (such as first- and second-order sensitivities of positions to changes in market prices) of various asset classes/risk types (such as interest rate, foreign exchange, equity and commodity risks). Citi's VAR includes all positions which are measured at fair value; it does not include investment securities classified as available-for-sale or held-to-maturity. For information on these securities, see Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

        Citi believes its VAR model is conservatively calibrated to incorporate the greater of short-term (most recent month) and long-term (three years) market volatility. The Monte Carlo simulation involves approximately 300,000 market factors, making use of 180,000 time series, with risk sensitivities updated daily and model parameters updated weekly.

        The conservative features of the VAR calibration contribute approximately 12% add-on to what would be a VAR estimated under the assumption of stable and perfectly normally distributed markets. Under normal and stable market conditions, Citi would thus expect the number of days where trading losses exceed its VAR to be less than two or three exceptions per year. Periods of unstable market conditions could increase the number of these exceptions. During the last four quarters, there have been no back-testing exceptions (back-testing is the process in which the daily one-day 99% confidence interval regulatory capital VAR is compared to the change in the market value of transactions included in that VAR calculation).

        The following table sets forth information regarding Citi's VAR for the third quarter of 2013 and comparable periods. Citi's average total trading VAR was $110 million, and ranged between $93 million and $128 million during the third quarter of 2013. Citi's average total trading VAR did not fluctuate significantly quarter-over-quarter or from the prior-year period, while total trading VAR declined from $116 million at June 30, 2013 to $109 million at September 30, 2013. This period-end decline was primarily due to reduced interest rate risk from lower exposures to U.S. interest rates, municipal bonds and U.S. agency securities within Securities and Banking. Sequentially, average total trading VAR declined modestly from $112 million to $110 million, as the reductions in risk were offset by sharp increases in volatilities related to municipals and emerging markets in July and August of 2013. As these short term volatilities returned to historical norms prior to the end of the third quarter of 2013, average total trading VAR remained relatively unchanged, while period-end VAR declined.

In millions of dollars   September 30,
2013
  Third Quarter
2013 Average
  June 30,
2013
  Second Quarter
2013 Average
  September 30,
2012
  Third Quarter
2012 Average
 

Interest rate

  $ 105   $ 112   $ 117   $ 111   $ 108   $ 114  

Foreign exchange

    27     32     32     41     44     33  

Equity

    26     26     33     28     18     22  

Commodity

    11     13     12     12     19     15  

Diversification benefit(1)

    (62 )   (73 )   (78 )   (80 )   (82 )   (75 )
                           

Total trading VAR—all market risk factors, including general and specific risk (excluding credit portfolios)(2)

  $ 107   $ 110   $ 116   $ 112   $ 107   $ 109  
                           

Specific risk-only component(3)

  $ 19   $ 16   $ 13   $ 11   $ 24   $ 29  
                           

Total—general market factors only

  $ 88   $ 94   $ 103   $ 101   $ 83   $ 80  

Incremental impact of credit portfolios(4)

    10     7   $ 7   $ 8   $ 11   $ 20  
                           

Total trading and credit portfolios VAR

  $ 117   $ 117   $ 123   $ 120   $ 118   $ 129  
                           

(1)
Covariance adjustment (also known as diversification benefit) equals the difference between the total VAR and the sum of the VARs tied to each individual risk type. The benefit reflects the fact that the risks within each and across risk types are not perfectly correlated and, consequently, the total VAR on a given day will be lower than the sum of the VARs relating to each individual risk type. The determination of the primary drivers of changes to the covariance adjustment is made by an examination of the impact of both model parameter and position changes.

(2)
The total trading VAR includes trading positions from S&B, Citi Holdings and Citi Treasury.

(3)
The specific risk-only component represents the level of equity and fixed income issuer-specific risk embedded in VAR.

(4)
The credit portfolios are composed of the counterparty CVA on derivative exposures and all associated CVA hedges. Derivative own credit CVA and own credit fair value option (FVO) debt DVA are not included. The incremental impact on credit portfolios also includes hedges to the loan portfolio, fair value option loans, and tail hedges that are not explicitly hedging the trading book.

82


        The table below provides the range of market factor VARs for total trading VAR, inclusive of specific risk, across the following quarters:

 
  Third Quarter 2013   Second Quarter 2013   Third Quarter 2012  
In millions of dollars   Low   High   Low   High   Low   High  

Interest rate

  $ 96   $ 134   $ 96   $ 126   $ 101   $ 126  

Foreign exchange

    23     45     27     66     25     46  

Equity

    18     47     20     60     18     31  

Commodity

    8     24     9     18     11     20  
                           

        The following table provides the VAR for S&B during the third quarter of 2013, excluding hedges to the loan portfolio, fair value option loans and DVA/CVA, net of hedges.

In millions of dollars   Sept. 30, 2013  

Total—all market risk factors, including general and specific risk

  $ 104  
       

Average—during year

  $ 106  

High—during quarter

    123  

Low—during quarter

    91  
       

VAR Model Review and Validation

        Generally, Citi's VAR review and model validation process entails reviewing the model framework, major assumptions, and implementation of the mathematical algorithm. In addition, as part of the model validation process, product specific back-testing on hypothetical portfolios are periodically completed and reviewed with Citi's U.S. banking regulators. Furthermore, back-testing is performed against the actual change in market value of transactions on a quarterly basis at multiple levels of the organization (trading desk level, ICG business segment and Citigroup) and the results are also shared with the U.S. banking regulators.

        Significant VAR model and assumption changes must be independently validated within Citi's risk management organization. This validation process includes a review by Citi's model validation group and further approval from its model validation review committee, which is composed of senior quantitative risk management officers. In the event of significant model changes, parallel model runs are undertaken prior to implementation. In addition, significant model and assumption changes are subject to the periodic reviews and approval by Citi's U.S. banking regulators.

        Citi uses the same independently validated VAR model for both regulatory capital and external market risk disclosure purposes and, as such, the model review and oversight process for both purposes is as described above. While the scope of positions included in the VAR model calculations for regulatory capital purposes differs from the scope of positions for external market risk disclosure purposes, these differences are due to the fact that certain positions included for external market risk purposes are not eligible for market risk treatment under the U.S. regulatory capital rules (Basel II.5) (e.g., the interest rate sensitivity of repos and reverse repos and the credit and market sensitivities of the derivatives CVA are included for external market risk disclosure purposes, but are not included for regulatory capital purposes). The applicability of the VAR model for positions eligible for market risk treatment under U.S. regulatory capital rules is periodically reviewed and approved by Citi's U.S. banking regulators.

83



INTEREST REVENUE/EXPENSE YIELDS

GRAPHIC

In millions of dollars, except as otherwise noted   3rd Qtr.
2013
  2nd Qtr.
2013
  3rd Qtr.
2012
  Change 3Q13 vs.
3Q12
 

Interest revenue(1)

  $ 15,588   $ 15,982   $ 16,873     (8 )%

Interest expense

    3,952     4,158     5,026     (21 )
                   

Net interest revenue(1)(2)(3)

  $ 11,636   $ 11,824   $ 11,847     (2 )%
                   

Interest revenue—average rate

    3.77 %   3.85 %   4.01 %   (24)  bps

Interest expense—average rate

    1.16     1.21     1.43     (27)  bps

Net interest margin

    2.81 %   2.85 %   2.81 %    bps
                   

Interest-rate benchmarks

                         

Two-year U.S. Treasury note—average rate

    0.37 %   0.27 %   0.26 %   11  bps

10-year U.S. Treasury note—average rate

    2.71     1.99     1.64     107  bps
                   

10-year vs. two-year spread

    234  bps   172  bps   138  bps      
                   

(1)
Net interest revenue includes the taxable equivalent adjustments (based on the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 35%) of $125 million, $142 million and $136 million for the three months ended September 30, 2013, June 30, 2013 and September 30, 2012, respectively

(2)
Excludes expenses associated with certain hybrid financial instruments. These obligations are classified as Long-term debt and accounted for at fair value with changes recorded in Principal transactions.

(3)
Interest revenue, expense, rates and volumes exclude Brazil Credicard (Discontinued operations) for all periods presented. See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

        A significant portion of Citi's business activities are based upon gathering deposits and borrowing money, then lending or investing those funds, or participating in market-making activities in tradable securities. Citi's net interest margin (NIM) is calculated by dividing gross interest revenue less gross interest expense by average interest earning assets.

        As shown in the table above, Citi's NIM decreased by 4 basis points to 281 basis points on a sequential basis. The decline quarter-over-quarter was driven by lower loan yields and an increase in cash balances, partially offset by an improvement in funding costs.

84



AVERAGE BALANCES AND INTEREST RATES—ASSETS(1)(2)(3)(4)

Taxable Equivalent Basis

 
  Average volume   Interest revenue   % Average rate  
In millions of dollars,
except rates
  3rd Qtr.
2013
  2nd Qtr.
2013
  3rd Qtr.
2012
  3rd Qtr.
2013
  2nd Qtr.
2013
  3rd Qtr.
2012
  3rd Qtr.
2013
  2nd Qtr.
2013
  3rd Qtr.
2012
 

Assets

                                                       

Deposits with banks(5)

  $ 151,533   $ 130,920   $ 160,646   $ 255   $ 252   $ 294     0.67 %   0.77 %   0.73 %
                                       

Federal funds sold and securities borrowed or purchased under agreements to resell(6)

                                                       

In U.S. offices

    155,370     159,604     159,230   $ 260   $ 290   $ 362     0.66 %   0.73 %   0.90 %

In offices outside the U.S.(5)

    108,998     116,021     113,758     357     412     463     1.30     1.42     1.62  
                                       

Total

  $ 264,368   $ 275,625   $ 272,988   $ 617   $ 702   $ 825     0.93 %   1.02 %   1.20 %
                                       

Trading account assets(7)(8)

                                                       

In U.S. offices

  $ 124,762   $ 131,542   $ 124,953   $ 950   $ 963   $ 933     3.02 %   2.94 %   2.97 %

In offices outside the U.S.(5)

    121,493     131,468     123,086     575     740     730     1.88     2.26     2.36  
                                       

Total

  $ 246,255   $ 263,010   $ 248,039   $ 1,525   $ 1,703   $ 1,663     2.46 %   2.60 %   2.67 %
                                       

Investments

                                                       

In U.S. offices

                                                       

Taxable

  $ 87,796   $ 179,112   $ 170,813   $ 665   $ 676   $ 699     3.01 %   1.51 %   1.63 %

Exempt from U.S. income tax

    99,511     18,486     17,527     198     217     193     0.79     4.71     4.38  

In offices outside the U.S.(5)

    113,918     109,843     116,348     915     893     1,066     3.19     3.26     3.64  
                                       

Total

  $ 301,225   $ 307,441   $ 304,688   $ 1,778   $ 1,786   $ 1,958     2.34 %   2.33 %   2.56 %
                                       

Loans (net of unearned income)(9)

                                                       

In U.S. offices

  $ 354,537   $ 350,655   $ 361,988   $ 6,472   $ 6,328   $ 6,836     7.24 %   7.24 %   7.51 %

In offices outside the U.S.(5)

    290,917     291,715     288,627     4,838     4,981     5,153     6.60     6.85     7.10  
                                       

Total

  $ 645,454   $ 642,370   $ 650,615   $ 11,310   $ 11,309   $ 11,989     6.95 %   7.06 %   7.33 %
                                       

Other interest-earning assets(10)

  $ 33,740   $ 46,606   $ 37,290   $ 103   $ 230   $ 144     1.21 %   1.98 %   1.54 %
                                       

Total interest-earning assets

  $ 1,642,575   $ 1,665,972   $ 1,674,266   $ 15,588   $ 15,982   $ 16,873     3.77 %   3.85 %   4.01 %
                                       

Non-interest-earning assets(7)

  $ 213,913   $ 229,708   $ 231,866                                      

Total assets from discontinued operations

    3,032     3,194     3,313                                      
                                                   

Total assets

  $ 1,859,520   $ 1,898,874   $ 1,909,445                                      
                                       

(1)
Net interest revenue includes the taxable equivalent adjustments (based on the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 35%) of $125 million, $142 million and $136 million for the three months ended September 30, 2013, June 30, 2013 and September 30, 2012, respectively.

(2)
Interest rates and amounts include the effects of risk management activities associated with the respective asset and liability categories.

(3)
Monthly or quarterly averages have been used by certain subsidiaries where daily averages are unavailable.

(4)
Detailed average volume, Interest revenue and Interest expense exclude Discontinued operations. See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

(5)
Average rates reflect prevailing local interest rates, including inflationary effects and monetary corrections in certain countries.

(6)
Average volumes of securities borrowed or purchased under agreements to resell are reported net pursuant to FIN 41 (ASC 210-20-45). However, Interest revenue excludes the impact of FIN 41 (ASC 210-20-45).

(7)
The fair value carrying amounts of derivative contracts are reported net, pursuant to FIN 39 (ASC 815-10-45), in Non-interest-earning assets and Other non-interest-bearing liabilities.

(8)
Interest expense on Trading account liabilities of ICG is reported as a reduction of Interest revenue. Interest revenue and Interest expense on cash collateral positions are reported in interest on Trading account assets and Trading account liabilities, respectively.

(9)
Includes cash-basis loans.

(10)
Includes Brokerage receivables.

85



AVERAGE BALANCES AND INTEREST RATES—LIABILITIES AND EQUITY, AND NET INTEREST REVENUE(1)(2)(3)(4)

Taxable Equivalent Basis

 
  Average volume   Interest expense   % Average rate  
In millions of dollars, except rates   3rd Qtr.
2013
  2nd Qtr.
2013
  3rd Qtr.
2012
  3rd Qtr.
2013
  2nd Qtr.
2013
  3rd Qtr.
2012
  3rd Qtr.
2013
  2nd Qtr.
2013
  3rd Qtr.
2012
 

Liabilities

                                                       

Deposits

                                                       

In U.S. offices(5)

  $ 258,550   $ 261,403   $ 237,337   $ 404   $ 454   $ 514     0.62 %   0.70 %   0.86 %

In offices outside the U.S.(6)

    478,865     477,207     502,033     1,086     1,129     1,403     0.90     0.95     1.11  
                                       

Total

  $ 737,415   $ 738,610   $ 739,370   $ 1,490   $ 1,583   $ 1,917     0.80 %   0.86 %   1.03 %
                                       

Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase(7)

                                                       

In U.S. offices

  $ 122,714   $ 136,587   $ 122,218   $ 139   $ 218   $ 206     0.45 %   0.64 %   0.67 %

In offices outside the U.S.(6)

    102,236     106,544     99,138     422     412     507     1.64     1.55     2.03  
                                       

Total

  $ 224,950   $ 243,131   $ 221,356   $ 561   $ 630   $ 713     0.99 %   1.04 %   1.28 %
                                       

Trading account liabilities(8)(9)

                                                       

In U.S. offices

  $ 24,079   $ 26,548   $ 29,653   $ 29   $ 21   $ 27     0.48 %   0.32 %   0.36 %

In offices outside the U.S.(6)

    47,212     55,335     40,281     17     22     19     0.14     0.16     0.19  
                                       

Total

  $ 71,291   $ 81,883   $ 69,934   $ 46   $ 43   $ 46     0.26 %   0.21 %   0.26 %
                                       

Short-term borrowings(10)

                                                       

In U.S. offices

  $ 81,992   $ 76,248   $ 78,837   $ 55   $ 45   $ 49     0.27 %   0.24 %   0.25 %

In offices outside the U.S.(6)

    34,183     35,585     30,988     95     103     124     1.10     1.16     1.59  
                                       

Total

  $ 116,175   $ 111,833   $ 109,825   $ 150   $ 148   $ 173     0.51 %   0.53 %   0.63 %
                                       

Long-term debt(11)

                                                       

In U.S. offices

  $ 187,591   $ 195,063   $ 242,079   $ 1,613   $ 1,727   $ 2,113     3.41 %   3.55 %   3.47 %

In offices outside the U.S.(6)

    9,847     10,117     15,238     92     27     64     3.71     1.07     1.67  
                                       

Total

  $ 197,438   $ 205,180   $ 257,317   $ 1,705   $ 1,754   $ 2,177     3.43 %   3.43 %   3.37 %
                                       

Total interest-bearing liabilities

  $ 1,347,269   $ 1,380,637   $ 1,397,802   $ 3,952   $ 4,158   $ 5,026     1.16 %   1.21 %   1.43 %
                                       

Demand deposits in U.S. offices

  $ 24,815   $ 23,673   $ 13,372                                      

Other non-interest-bearing liabilities(8)

    287,826     296,401     309,415                                      

Total liabilities from discontinued operations

        565     697                                      
                                                   

Total liabilities

  $ 1,659,910   $ 1,701,276   $ 1,721,286                                      
                                                   

Citigroup stockholders' equity(12)

  $ 197,722   $ 195,594   $ 186,195                                      

Noncontrolling interest

    1,888     2,004     1,964                                      
                                                   

Total equity(12)

  $ 199,610   $ 197,598   $ 188,159                                      
                                                   

Total liabilities and stockholders' equity

  $ 1,859,520   $ 1,898,874   $ 1,909,445                                      
                                                   

Net interest revenue as a percentage of average interest-earning assets(13)

                                                       

In U.S. offices

  $ 921,835   $ 924,336   $ 943,900   $ 6,417   $ 6,200   $ 6,178     2.76 %   2.69 %   2.60 %

In offices outside the U.S.(6)

    720,740     741,636     730,366     5,219     5,624     5,669     2.87     3.04     3.08  
                                       

Total

  $ 1,642,575   $ 1,665,972   $ 1,674,266   $ 11,636   $ 11,824   $ 11,847     2.81 %   2.85 %   2.81 %
                                       

(1)
Net interest revenue includes the taxable equivalent adjustments (based on the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 35%) of $125 million, $142 million and $136 million for the three months ended September 30, 2013, June 30, 2013 and September 30, 2012, respectively.

(2)
Interest rates and amounts include the effects of risk management activities associated with the respective asset and liability categories.

(3)
Monthly or quarterly averages have been used by certain subsidiaries where daily averages are unavailable.

(4)
Detailed average volume, Interest revenue and Interest expense exclude Discontinued operations. See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

(5)
Consists of other time deposits and savings deposits. Savings deposits are made up of insured money market accounts, NOW accounts, and other savings deposits. The interest expense on savings deposits includes FDIC deposit insurance fees and charges.

(6)
Average rates reflect prevailing local interest rates, including inflationary effects and monetary corrections in certain countries.

(7)
Average volumes of securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase are reported net pursuant to FIN 41 (ASC 210-20-45). However, Interest expense excludes the impact of FIN 41 (ASC 210-20-45).

(8)
The fair value carrying amounts of derivative contracts are reported net, pursuant to FIN 39 (ASC 815-10-45), in Non-interest-earning assets and Other non-interest-bearing liabilities.

(9)
Interest expense on Trading account liabilities of ICG is reported as a reduction of Interest revenue. Interest revenue and Interest expense on cash collateral positions are reported in interest on Trading account assets and Trading account liabilities, respectively.

(10)
Includes Brokerage payables.

(11)
Excludes hybrid financial instruments and beneficial interests in consolidated VIEs that are classified as Long-term debt, as these obligations are accounted for in changes in fair value recorded in Principal transactions.

(12)
Includes stockholders' equity from discontinued operations.

(13)
Includes allocations for capital and funding costs based on the location of the asset.

86



AVERAGE BALANCES AND INTEREST RATES—ASSETS(1)(2)(3)(4)

Taxable Equivalent Basis

 
  Average volume   Interest revenue   % Average rate  
In millions of dollars, except rates   Nine Months
2013
  Nine Months
2012
  Nine Months
2013
  Nine Months
2012
  Nine Months
2013
  Nine Months
2012
 

Assets

                                     

Deposits with banks(5)

  $ 135,412   $ 160,682   $ 763   $ 988     0.75 %   0.82 %
                           

Federal funds sold and securities borrowed or purchased under agreements to resell(6)

                                     

In U.S. offices

  $ 159,293   $ 157,051   $ 866   $ 1,118     0.73 %   0.95 %

In offices outside the U.S.(5)

    111,434     123,257     1,141     1,552     1.37     1.68  
                           

Total

  $ 270,727   $ 280,308   $ 2,007   $ 2,670     0.99 %   1.27 %
                           

Trading account assets(7)(8)

                                     

In U.S. offices

  $ 128,845   $ 122,682   $ 2,851   $ 2,880     2.96 %   3.14 %

In offices outside the U.S.(5)

    129,302     126,130     2,043     2,262     2.11     2.40  
                           

Total

  $ 258,147   $ 248,812   $ 4,894   $ 5,142     2.53 %   2.76 %
                           

Investments

                                     

In U.S. offices

                                     

Taxable

  $ 147,911   $ 169,191   $ 2,027   $ 2,167     1.83 %   1.71 %

Exempt from U.S. income tax

    45,488     15,723     612     598     1.80     5.08  

In offices outside the U.S.(5)

    112,219     114,504     2,815     3,127     3.35     3.65  
                           

Total

  $ 305,618   $ 299,418   $ 5,454   $ 5,892     2.39 %   2.63 %
                           

Loans (net of unearned income)(9)

                                     

In U.S. offices

  $ 352,826   $ 360,679   $ 19,285   $ 20,455     7.31 %   7.58 %

In offices outside the U.S.(5)

    290,803     284,955     14,762     15,565     6.79     7.30  
                           

Total

  $ 643,629   $ 645,634   $ 34,047   $ 36,020     7.07 %   7.45 %
                           

Other interest-earning assets(10)

  $ 40,858   $ 41,313   $ 492   $ 414     1.61 %   1.34 %
                           

Total interest-earning assets

  $ 1,654,391   $ 1,676,167   $ 47,657   $ 51,126     3.85 %   4.07 %
                           

Non-interest-earning assets(7)

  $ 224,154   $ 232,801                          

Total assets from discontinued operations

    3,182     3,481                          
                                   

Total assets

  $ 1,881,727   $ 1,912,449                          
                           

(1)
Net interest revenue includes the taxable equivalent adjustments (based on the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 35%) of $125 million, $142 million and $136 million for the three months ended September 30, 2013, June 30, 2013 and September 30, 2012, respectively.

(2)
Interest rates and amounts include the effects of risk management activities associated with the respective asset and liability categories.

(3)
Monthly or quarterly averages have been used by certain subsidiaries where daily averages are unavailable.

(4)
Detailed average volume, Interest revenue and Interest expense exclude Discontinued operations. See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

(5)
Average rates reflect prevailing local interest rates, including inflationary effects and monetary corrections in certain countries.

(6)
Average volumes of securities borrowed or purchased under agreements to resell are reported net pursuant to FIN 41 (ASC 210-20-45). However, Interest revenue excludes the impact of FIN 41 (ASC 210-20-45).

(7)
The fair value carrying amounts of derivative contracts are reported net, pursuant to FIN 39 (ASC 815-10-45), in Non-interest-earning assets and Other non-interest-bearing liabilities.

(8)
Interest expense on Trading account liabilities of ICG is reported as a reduction of Interest revenue. Interest revenue and Interest expense on cash collateral positions are reported in interest on Trading account assets and Trading account liabilities, respectively.

(9)
Includes cash-basis loans.

(10)
Includes Brokerage receivables.

87



AVERAGE BALANCES AND INTEREST RATES—LIABILITIES AND EQUITY, AND NET INTEREST REVENUE(1)(2)(3)(4)

Taxable Equivalent Basis

 
  Average volume   Interest expense   % Average rate  
In millions of dollars, except rates   Nine Months
2013
  Nine Months
2012
  Nine Months
2013
  Nine Months
2012
  Nine Months
2013
  Nine Months
2012
 

Liabilities

                                     

Deposits

                                     

In U.S. offices(5)

  $ 258,222   $ 230,692   $ 1,348   $ 1,608     0.70 %   0.93 %

In offices outside the U.S.(6)

    478,856     485,950     3,401     4,252     0.95     1.17  
                           

Total

  $ 737,078   $ 716,642   $ 4,749   $ 5,860     0.86 %   1.09 %
                           

Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase(7)

                                     

In U.S. offices

  $ 129,615   $ 120,671   $ 524   $ 662     0.54 %   0.73 %

In offices outside the U.S.(6)

    104,176     101,154     1,276     1,499     1.64     1.98  
                           

Total

  $ 233,791   $ 221,825   $ 1,800   $ 2,161     1.03 %   1.30 %
                           

Trading account liabilities(8)(9)

                                     

In U.S. offices

  $ 25,652   $ 30,724   $ 72   $ 96     0.38 %   0.42 %

In offices outside the U.S.(6)

    49,337     45,567     59     55     0.16     0.16  
                           

Total

  $ 74,989   $ 76,291   $ 131   $ 151     0.23 %   0.26 %
                           

Short-term borrowings(10)

                                     

In U.S. offices

  $ 76,323   $ 81,722   $ 144   $ 156     0.25 %   0.25 %

In offices outside the U.S.(6)

    35,915     30,812     317     408     1.18     1.77  
                           

Total

  $ 112,238   $ 112,534   $ 461   $ 564     0.55 %   0.67 %
                           

Long-term debt(11)

                                     

In U.S. offices

  $ 195,761   $ 265,965   $ 5,156   $ 6,963     3.52 %   3.50 %

In offices outside the U.S.(6)

    10,358     15,287     143     248     1.85     2.17  
                           

Total

  $ 206,119   $ 281,252   $ 5,299   $ 7,211     3.44 %   3.42 %
                           

Total interest-bearing liabilities

  $ 1,364,215   $ 1,408,544   $ 12,440   $ 15,947     1.22 %   1.51 %
                           

Demand deposits in U.S. offices

  $ 20,405   $ 12,523                          

Other non-interest-bearing liabilities(8)

    299,978     305,506                          

Total liabilities from discontinued operations

    386     770                          
                                   

Total liabilities

  $ 1,684,984   $ 1,727,343                          
                                   

Citigroup stockholders' equity(12)

  $ 194,781   $ 183,235                          

Noncontrolling interest

    1,962     1,871                          
                                   

Total equity(12)

  $ 196,743   $ 185,106                          
                                   

Total liabilities and stockholders' equity

  $ 1,881,727   $ 1,912,449                          
                                   

Net interest revenue as a percentage of average interest-earning assets(13)

                                     

In U.S. offices

  $ 921,081   $ 945,763   $ 18,840   $ 18,221     2.73 %   2.57 %

In offices outside the U.S.(6)

    733,310     730,404     16,377     16,958     2.99     3.10  
                           

Total

  $ 1,654,391   $ 1,676,167   $ 35,217   $ 35,179     2.85 %   2.80  
                           

(1)
Net interest revenue includes the taxable equivalent adjustments (based on the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 35%) of $125 million, $142 million and $136 million for the three months ended September 30, 2013, June 30, 2013 and September 30, 2012, respectively.

(2)
Interest rates and amounts include the effects of risk management activities associated with the respective asset and liability categories.

(3)
Monthly or quarterly averages have been used by certain subsidiaries where daily averages are unavailable.

(4)
Detailed average volume, Interest revenue and Interest expense exclude Discontinued operations. See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

(5)
Consists of other time deposits and savings deposits. Savings deposits are made up of insured money market accounts, NOW accounts, and other savings deposits. The interest expense on savings deposits includes FDIC deposit insurance fees and charges.

(6)
Average rates reflect prevailing local interest rates, including inflationary effects and monetary corrections in certain countries.

(7)
Average volumes of securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase are reported net pursuant to FIN 41 (ASC 210-20-45). However, Interest expense excludes the impact of FIN 41 (ASC 210-20-45).

(8)
The fair value carrying amounts of derivative contracts are reported net, pursuant to FIN 39 (ASC 815-10-45), in Non-interest-earning assets and Other non-interest-bearing liabilities.

(9)
Interest expense on Trading account liabilities of ICG is reported as a reduction of Interest revenue. Interest revenue and Interest expense on cash collateral positions are reported in interest on Trading account assets and Trading account liabilities, respectively.

(10)
Includes Brokerage payables.

(11)
Excludes hybrid financial instruments and beneficial interests in consolidated VIEs that are classified as Long-term debt, as these obligations are accounted for in changes in fair value recorded in Principal transactions.

(12)
Includes stockholders' equity from discontinued operations.

(13)
Includes allocations for capital and funding costs based on the location of the asset.

88



ANALYSIS OF CHANGES IN INTEREST REVENUE(1)(2)(3)

 
  3rd Qtr. 2013 vs. 2nd Qtr. 2013   3rd Qtr. 2013 vs. 3rd Qtr. 2012  
 
  Increase (decrease)
due to change in:
  Increase (decrease)
due to change in:
 
In millions of dollars   Average
volume
  Average
rate
  Net
change
  Average
volume
  Average
rate
  Net
change
 

Deposits with banks(4)

  $ 37   $ (34 ) $ 3   $ (16 ) $ (23 ) $ (39 )
                           

Federal funds sold and securities borrowed or purchased under agreements to resell

                                     

In U.S. offices

  $ (8 ) $ (22 ) $ (30 ) $ (9 ) $ (93 ) $ (102 )

In offices outside the U.S.(4)

    (24 )   (31 )   (55 )   (19 )   (87 )   (106 )
                           

Total

  $ (32 ) $ (53 ) $ (85 ) $ (28 ) $ (180 ) $ (208 )
                           

Trading account assets(5)

                                     

In U.S. offices

  $ (51 ) $ 38   $ (13 ) $ (1 ) $ 18   $ 17  

In offices outside the U.S.(4)

    (53 )   (112 )   (165 )   (9 )   (146 )   (155 )
                           

Total

  $ (104 ) $ (74 ) $ (178 ) $ (10 ) $ (128 ) $ (138 )
                           

Investments(1)

                                     

In U.S. offices

  $ (47 ) $ 17   $ (30 ) $ (5 ) $ (24 ) $ (29 )

In offices outside the U.S.(4)

    33     (11 )   22     (22 )   (129 )   (151 )
                           

Total

  $ (14 ) $ 6   $ (8 ) $ (27 ) $ (153 ) $ (180 )
                           

Loans (net of unearned income)(6)

                                     

In U.S. offices

  $ 70   $ 74   $ 144   $ (139 ) $ (225 ) $ (364 )

In offices outside the U.S.(4)

    (14 )   (129 )   (143 )   41     (356 )   (315 )
                           

Total

  $ 56   $ (55 ) $ 1   $ (98 ) $ (581 ) $ (679 )
                           

Other interest-earning assets(7)

  $ (53 ) $ (74 ) $ (127 ) $ (13 ) $ (28 ) $ (41 )
                           

Total interest revenue

  $ (110 ) $ (284 ) $ (394 ) $ (192 ) $ (1,093 ) $ (1,285 )
                           

(1)
The taxable equivalent adjustment is based on the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 35% and is included in this presentation.

(2)
Rate/volume variance is allocated based on the percentage relationship of changes in volume and changes in rate to the total net change.

(3)
Detailed average volume, Interest revenue and Interest expense exclude Discontinued operations. See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

(4)
Changes in average rates reflect changes in prevailing local interest rates, including inflationary effects and monetary corrections in certain countries.

(5)
Interest expense on Trading account liabilities of ICG is reported as a reduction of Interest revenue. Interest revenue and Interest expense on cash collateral positions are reported in interest on Trading account assets and Trading account liabilities, respectively.

(6)
Includes cash-basis loans.

(7)
Includes Brokerage receivables.

89



ANALYSIS OF CHANGES IN INTEREST EXPENSE AND NET INTEREST REVENUE(1)(2)(3)

 
  3rd Qtr. 2013 vs. 2nd Qtr. 2013   3rd Qtr. 2013 vs. 3rd Qtr. 2012  
 
  Increase (decrease)
due to change in:
  Increase (decrease)
due to change in:
 
In millions of dollars   Average
volume
  Average
rate
  Net
change
  Average
volume
  Average
rate
  Net
change
 

Deposits

                                     

In U.S. offices

  $ (5 ) $ (45 ) $ (50 ) $ 43   $ (153 ) $ (110 )

In offices outside the U.S.(4)

    4     (47 )   (43 )   (62 )   (255 )   (317 )
                           

Total

  $ (1 ) $ (92 ) $ (93 ) $ (19 ) $ (408 ) $ (427 )
                           

Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase

                                     

In U.S. offices

  $ (20 ) $ (59 ) $ (79 ) $ 1   $ (68 ) $ (67 )

In offices outside the U.S.(4)

    (17 )   27     10     15     (100 )   (85 )
                           

Total

  $ (37 ) $ (32 ) $ (69 ) $ 16   $ (168 ) $ (152 )
                           

Trading account liabilities(5)

                                     

In U.S. offices

  $ (2 ) $ 10   $ 8   $ (6 ) $ 8   $ 2  

In offices outside the U.S.(4)

    (3 )   (2 )   (5 )   3     (5 )   (2 )
                           

Total

  $ (5 ) $ 8   $ 3   $ (3 ) $ 3   $  
                           

Short-term borrowings(6)

                                     

In U.S. offices

  $ 4   $ 6   $ 10   $ 2   $ 4   $ 6  

In offices outside the U.S.(4)

    (4 )   (4 )   (8 )   12     (41 )   (29 )
                           

Total

  $   $ 2   $ 2   $ 14   $ (37 ) $ (23 )
                           

Long-term debt

                                     

In U.S. offices

  $ (65 ) $ (49 ) $ (114 ) $ (469 ) $ (31 ) $ (500 )

In offices outside the U.S.(4)

    (1 )   66     65     (29 )   57     28  
                           

Total

  $ (66 ) $ 17   $ (49 ) $ (498 ) $ 26   $ (472 )
                           

Total interest expense

  $ (109 ) $ (97 ) $ (206 ) $ (490 ) $ (584 ) $ (1,074 )
                           

Net interest revenue

  $ (1 ) $ (187 ) $ (188 ) $ 298   $ (509 ) $ (211 )
                           

(1)
The taxable equivalent adjustment is based on the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 35% and is included in this presentation.

(2)
Rate/volume variance is allocated based on the percentage relationship of changes in volume and changes in rate to the total net change.

(3)
Detailed average volume, Interest revenue and Interest expense exclude Discontinued operations. See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

(4)
Changes in average rates reflect changes in prevailing local interest rates, including inflationary effects and monetary corrections in certain countries.

(5)
Interest expense on Trading account liabilities of ICG is reported as a reduction of Interest revenue. Interest revenue and Interest expense on cash collateral positions are reported in interest on Trading account assets and Trading account liabilities, respectively.

(6)
Includes Brokerage payables.

90


ANALYSIS OF CHANGES IN INTEREST REVENUE, INTEREST EXPENSE, AND NET INTEREST REVENUE(1)(2)(3)

 
  Nine Months 2013 vs. Nine Months 2012  
 
  Increase (decrease)
due to change in:
   
 
In millions of dollars   Average
volume
  Average
rate
  Net
change(2)
 

Deposits at interest with banks(4)

  $ (147 ) $ (78 ) $ (225 )
               

Federal funds sold and securities borrowed or purchased under agreements to resell

                   

In U.S. offices

  $ 16   $ (268 ) $ (252 )

In offices outside the U.S.(4)

    (139 )   (272 )   (411 )
               

Total

  $ (123 ) $ (540 ) $ (663 )
               

Trading account assets(5)

                   

In U.S. offices

  $ 141   $ (170 ) $ (29 )

In offices outside the U.S.(4)

    56     (275 )   (219 )
               

Total

  $ 197   $ (445 ) $ (248 )
               

Investments(1)

                   

In U.S. offices

  $ 123   $ (249 ) $ (126 )

In offices outside the U.S.(4)

    (61 )   (251 )   (312 )
               

Total

  $ 62   $ (500 ) $ (438 )
               

Loans (net of unearned income)(6)

                   

In U.S. offices

  $ (439 ) $ (731 ) $ (1,170 )

In offices outside the U.S.(4)

    314     (1,117 )   (803 )
               

Total

  $ (125 ) $ (1,848 ) $ (1,973 )
               

Other interest-earning assets(7)

  $ (5 ) $ 83   $ 78  
               

Total interest revenue

  $ (141 ) $ (3,328 ) $ (3,469 )
               

Deposits(8)

                   

In U.S. offices

  $ 176   $ (436 ) $ (260 )

In offices outside the U.S.(4)

    (61 )   (790 )   (851 )
               

Total

  $ 115   $ (1,226 ) $ (1,111 )
               

Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase

                   

In U.S. offices

  $ 46   $ (184 ) $ (138 )

In offices outside the U.S.(4)

    44     (267 )   (223 )
               

Total

  $ 90   $ (451 ) $ (361 )
               

Trading account liabilities(5)

                   

In U.S. offices

  $ (15 ) $ (9 ) $ (24 )

In offices outside the U.S.(4)

    5     (1 )   4  
               

Total

  $ (10 ) $ (10 ) $ (20 )
               

Short-term borrowings(9)

                   

In U.S. offices

  $ (10 ) $ (2 ) $ (12 )

In offices outside the U.S.(4)

    60     (151 )   (91 )
               

Total

  $ 50   $ (153 ) $ (103 )
               

Long-term debt

                   

In U.S. offices

  $ (1,849 ) $ 42   $ (1,807 )

In offices outside the U.S.(4)

    (72 )   (33 )   (105 )
               

Total

  $ (1,921 ) $ 9   $ (1,912 )
               

Total interest expense

  $ (1,676 ) $ (1,831 ) $ (3,507 )
               

Net interest revenue

  $ 1,535   $ (1,497 ) $ 38  
               

(1)
The taxable equivalent adjustment is based on the U.S. Federal statutory tax rate of 35% and is included in this presentation.

(2)
Rate/volume variance is allocated based on the percentage relationship of changes in volume and changes in rate to the total net change.

(3)
Detailed average volume, Interest revenue and Interest expense exclude Discontinued operations.

(4)
Changes in average rates reflect changes in prevailing local interest rates, including inflationary effects and monetary corrections in certain countries.

(5)
Interest expense on Trading account liabilities of ICG is reported as a reduction of Interest revenue. Interest revenue and Interest expense on cash collateral positions are reported in Trading account assets and Trading account liabilities, respectively.

(6)
Includes cash-basis loans.

(7)
Includes Brokerage receivables.

(8)
The interest expense on deposits includes the FDIC assessment and deposit insurance fees and charges of $855 million and $959 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

(9)
Includes Brokerage payables.

91


COUNTRY AND CROSS-BORDER RISK

Country Risk

Overview

        Country risk is the risk that an event in a country (precipitated by developments within or external to a country) could directly or indirectly impair the value of Citi's franchise or adversely affect the ability of obligors within that country to honor their obligations to Citi, any of which could negatively impact Citi's results of operations or financial condition. Country risk events could include sovereign volatility or defaults, banking failures or defaults, redenomination events (which could be accompanied by a revaluation (either devaluation or appreciation) of the affected currency), currency crises, foreign exchange and/or capital controls and/or political events and instability. Country risk events could result in mandatory loan loss and other reserve requirements imposed by U.S. regulators due to a particular country's economic situation. For additional information, including Citi's country risk management processes, see "Managing Global Risk—Risk Management—Overview" and "—Country Risk—Overview," as well as "Risk Factors—Market and Economic Risks" in Citi's 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

        While Citi continues to work to mitigate its exposures to potential country risk events, the impact of any such event is highly uncertain and will be based on the specific facts and circumstances. As a result, there can be no assurance that the various steps Citi has taken to protect its businesses, results of operations and financial condition against these events will be sufficient. In addition, there could be negative impacts to Citi's businesses, results of operations or financial condition that are currently unknown to Citi and thus cannot be mitigated as part of its ongoing contingency planning.

        Several European countries, including Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal, Spain (GIIPS) and France, have been the subject of credit deterioration due to weaknesses in their economic and fiscal situations. Moreover, the ongoing Eurozone debt and economic crisis and other developments in the European Monetary Union (EMU) could lead to the withdrawal of one or more countries from the EMU or a partial or complete break-up of the EMU. Given investor interest in this area, the narrative and tables below set forth certain information regarding Citi's country risk exposures on these topics.

Credit Risk

        Generally, credit risk measures Citi's net exposure to a credit or market risk event. Citi's credit risk reporting is based on Citi's internal risk management measures and systems. The country designation in Citi's internal risk management systems is based on the country to which the client relationship, taken as a whole, is most directly exposed to economic, financial, sociopolitical or legal risks. As a result, Citi's reported credit risk exposures in a particular country may include exposures to subsidiaries within the client relationship that are actually domiciled outside of the country (e.g., Citi's Greece credit risk exposures may include loans, derivatives and other exposures to a U.K. subsidiary of a Greece-based corporation).

        Citi believes that the risk of loss associated with the exposures set forth below, which are based on Citi's internal risk management measures and systems, is likely materially lower than the exposure amounts disclosed below and is sized appropriately relative to its franchise in these countries. In addition, the sovereign entities of the countries disclosed below, as well as the financial institutions and corporations domiciled in these countries, are important clients in the global Citi franchise. Citi fully expects to maintain its presence in these markets to service all of its global customers. As such, Citi's credit risk exposure in these countries may vary over time based on its franchise, client needs and transaction structures.

92



Sovereign, Financial Institution and Corporate Exposures

 
   
   
   
   
   
  GIIPS(1)  
In billions of U.S. dollars   Greece   Ireland   Italy   Portugal   Spain   September 30,
2013
  June 30,
2013
 

Funded loans, before reserves(2)

  $ 1.1   $ 0.4   $ 1.5   $ 0.2   $ 3.8   $ 7.0   $ 7.5  

Derivative counterparty mark-to-market, inclusive of CVA(3)

    0.6     0.4     9.4     0.2     2.1     12.7     11.9  
                               

Gross funded credit exposure

  $ 1.7   $ 0.8   $ 10.9   $ 0.4   $ 5.9   $ 19.7   $ 19.4  
                               

Less: margin and collateral(4)

  $ (0.2 ) $ (0.2 ) $ (1.3 ) $ (0.2 ) $ (2.5 ) $ (4.3 ) $ (4.2 )

Less: purchased credit protection(5)

    (0.4 )   (0.0 )   (7.8 )   (0.2 )   (1.4 )   (9.8 )   (9.2 )
                               

Net current funded credit exposure

  $ 1.1   $ 0.5   $ 1.9   $ 0.1   $ 2.0   $ 5.6   $ 6.0  
                               

Net trading exposure

  $ 0.0   $ 0.1   $ 0.9   $ (0.2 ) $ (0.5 ) $ 0.4   $ 2.5  

AFS exposure

    0.0     0.0     0.2     0.0     0.0     0.3     0.3  
                               

Net trading and AFS exposure

  $ 0.0   $ 0.2   $ 1.1   $ (0.2 ) $ (0.5 ) $ 0.6   $ 2.8  
                               

Net current funded exposure

  $ 1.1   $ 0.7   $ 3.0   $ (0.1 ) $ 1.4   $ 6.2   $ 8.8  
                               

Additional collateral received, not reducing amounts above

  $ (0.7 ) $ (0.1 ) $ (0.1 ) $ (0.0 ) $ (0.4 ) $ (1.3 ) $ (1.4 )
                               

Net current funded credit exposure detail

                                           

Sovereigns

  $ 0.2   $ 0.0   $ 0.7   $ 0.0   $ 0.2   $ 1.1   $ 1.1  

Financial institutions

    0.0     0.0     0.1     0.0     0.6     0.8     0.8  

Corporations

    0.9     0.5     1.1     0.1     1.1     3.7     4.1  
                               

Net current funded credit exposure

  $ 1.1   $ 0.5   $ 1.9   $ 0.1   $ 1.9   $ 5.6   $ 6.0  
                               

Net unfunded commitments(6)

                                           

Sovereigns

  $   $ 0.0   $ 0.0   $ 0.0   $ 0.0   $ 0.0   $ 0.0  

Financial institutions

    0.0     0.0     0.1     0.0     0.2     0.4     0.4  

Corporations, net

    0.2     0.6     3.0     0.3     2.4     6.4     6.7  
                               

Total net unfunded commitments

  $ 0.2   $ 0.6   $ 3.1   $ 0.3   $ 2.6   $ 6.8   $ 7.1  
                               

Note: Totals may not sum due to rounding. The exposures in the table above do not include retail, small business and Citi Private Bank exposures in the GIIPS. See "GIIPS—Retail, Small Business and Citi Private Bank" below. Citi has exposures to obligors located within the GIIPS that are not included in the table above because Citi's internal risk management systems determine that the client relationship, taken as a whole, is not in the GIIPS (e.g., a funded loan to a Greece subsidiary of a Switzerland-based corporation). However, the total amount of such exposures was less than $2.4 billion of funded loans and $2.3 billion of unfunded commitments across the GIIPS as of September 30, 2013.

(1)
Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal and Spain.

(2)
As of September 30, 2013, Citi held $0.3 billion in reserves against these loans.

(3)
Includes the net credit exposure arising from secured financing transactions, such as repurchase agreements and reverse repurchase agreements. See "Secured Financing Transactions" below.

(4)
For derivatives and loans, includes margin and collateral posted under legally enforceable margin agreements. Does not include collateral received on secured financing transactions.

(5)
Credit protection purchased primarily from investment grade, global financial institutions predominantly outside of the GIIPS and France. See "Credit Default Swaps" below.

(6)
Unfunded commitments net of approximately $1.1 billion of purchased credit protection as of September 30, 2013.

93


GIIPS

Sovereign, Financial Institution and Corporate Exposures

        As noted in the table above, Citi's gross funded credit exposure to sovereign entities, financial institutions and multinational and local corporations designated in the GIIPS under Citi's risk management systems was $19.7 billion at September 30, 2013, composed of $7.0 billion in gross funded loans, before reserves, and $12.7 billion in derivative counterparty mark-to-market exposure, inclusive of CVA. Further, as of September 30, 2013, Citi's net current funded exposure to sovereigns, financial institutions and corporations designated in the GIIPS under Citi's risk management systems was $6.2 billion. The decrease from June 30, 2013 primarily reflected a decrease in net trading and AFS exposure, as discussed below.

Net Trading and AFS Exposure—$0.6 billion

        Included in the net current funded exposure at September 30, 2013 was a net position of $0.6 billion in securities and derivatives with GIIPS sovereigns, financial institutions and corporations as the issuer or reference entity. These securities and derivatives are marked to market daily. Citi's trading exposure levels vary as it maintains inventory consistent with customer needs.

        Included within the net position of $0.6 billion as of September 30, 2013 was a net position of $(1.1) billion of indexed and tranched credit derivatives (compared to a net position of $(0.9) billion at June 30, 2013).

Net Current Funded Credit Exposure—$5.6 billion

        As of September 30, 2013, Citi's net current funded credit exposure to GIIPS sovereigns, financial institutions and corporations was $5.6 billion, the majority of which was to corporations designated in the GIIPS.

        Consistent with its internal risk management measures and as set forth in the table above, Citi's gross funded credit exposure as of September 30, 2013 has been reduced by $4.3 billion of margin and collateral posted under legally enforceable margin agreements. As of September 30, 2013, the majority of Citi's margin and collateral netted against its gross funded credit exposure to the GIIPS was in the form of cash, with the remainder in predominantly non-GIIPS securities, which are included at fair value.

        Gross funded credit exposure as of September 30, 2013 has also been reduced by $9.8 billion in purchased credit protection, predominantly from financial institutions outside of the GIIPS and France (see "Credit Default Swaps" below). Included within the $9.8 billion of purchased credit protection as of September 30, 2013 was $0.5 billion of indexed and tranched credit derivatives (compared to $0.4 billion as of June 30, 2013) executed to hedge Citi's exposure on funded loans and CVA on derivatives, a significant portion of which is reflected in Italy and Spain.

        Purchased credit protection generally pays out only upon the occurrence of certain credit events with respect to the country or borrower covered by the protection, as determined by a committee composed of dealers and other market participants. In addition to general counterparty credit risks, the credit protection may not fully cover all situations that may adversely affect the value of Citi's exposure and, accordingly, Citi could still experience losses despite the existence of the credit protection.

        As of September 30, 2013, Citi also held $1.3 billion of collateral that has not been netted against its gross funded credit exposure to the GIIPS. Collateral received but not netted against Citi's gross funded credit exposure in the GIIPS may take a variety of forms, including securities, receivables and physical assets, and is held under a variety of collateral arrangements.

Net Unfunded Commitments—$6.8 billion

        As of September 30, 2013, Citi had $6.8 billion of net unfunded commitments to GIIPS sovereigns, financial institutions and corporations, with $6.4 billion of this amount to corporations. As of September 30, 2013, net unfunded commitments in the GIIPS included approximately $4.7 billion of unfunded loan commitments that generally have standard conditions that must be met before they can be drawn, and $2.1 billion of letters of credit (compared to $5.0 billion and $2.1 billion at June 30, 2013).

Other Activities

        In addition to the exposures described above, like other banks, Citi also provides settlement and clearing facilities for a variety of clients in these countries and actively monitors and manages these intra-day exposures.

Retail, Small Business and Citi Private Bank

        As of September 30, 2013, Citi had approximately $4.5 billion of mostly locally funded accrual loans to retail, small business and Citi Private Bank customers in the GIIPS, the vast majority of which was in Citi Holdings. This compared to $5.0 billion as of June 30, 2013. Of the $4.5 billion, approximately (i) $3.1 billion consisted of retail and small business exposures in Spain ($2.5 billion) and Greece ($0.6 billion), (ii) $0.9 billion related to held-to-maturity securitized retail assets (primarily mortgage-backed securities in Spain), and (iii) $0.5 billion related to Private Bank customers, substantially all in Spain. This compared to approximately (i) $3.3 billion of retail and small business exposures in Spain ($2.7 billion) and Greece ($0.6 billion), (ii) $1.2 billion related to held-to-maturity securitized retail assets, and (iii) $0.4 billion related to Private Bank customers as of June 30, 2013.

        In addition, Citi had approximately $4.1 billion of unfunded commitments to GIIPS retail customers as of September 30, 2013, compared to $4.0 billion as of June 30, 2013. Citi's unfunded commitments to GIIPS retail customers, in the form of unused credit card lines, are generally cancellable upon the occurrence of significant credit events, including redenomination events.

94


France

 
  France  
In billions of U.S. dollars as of June 30, 2013   September 30,
2013
  June 30,
2013
 

Funded loans, before reserves(1)

    6.3   $ 5.5  

Derivative counterparty mark-to-market, inclusive of CVA(2)

    5.8     5.9  
           

Gross funded credit exposure

    12.1   $ 11.4  
           

Less: margin and collateral(3)

    (4.6 ) $ (4.8 )

Less: purchased credit protection(4)

    (2.0 )   (2.2 )
           

Net current funded credit exposure

    5.5   $ 4.4  
           

Net trading exposure

    (1.8 ) $ 2.3  

AFS exposure

    0.2     0.3  
           

Net trading and AFS exposure

    (1.5 ) $ 2.5  
           

Net current funded exposure

    4.0   $ 7.0  
           

Additional collateral received, not reducing amounts above

    (4.0 ) $ (3.9 )
           

Net current funded credit exposure detail

             

Sovereigns

    0.6   $ (0.1 )

Financial institutions

    2.1     2.0  

Corporations

    2.8     2.5  
           

Net current funded credit exposure

    5.5   $ 4.4  
           

Net unfunded commitments(5)

             

Sovereigns

    0.7   $ 0.1  

Financial institutions

    2.7     3.1  

Corporations, net

    11.3     10.1  
           

Total net unfunded commitments

    14.7   $ 13.2  
           

Note: Totals may not sum due to rounding. The exposures in the table above do not include retail, small business and Citi Private Bank exposure in France, which was not material as of September 30 and June 30, 2013. Citi has exposures to obligors located within France that are not included in the table above because Citi's internal risk management systems determine that the client relationship, taken as a whole, is not in France (e.g., a funded loan to a French subsidiary of a Switzerland-based corporation). However, the total amount of such exposures was less than $0.4 billion of funded loans and $0.2 billion of unfunded commitments as of September 30, 2013.

(1)
As of September 30, 2013, Citi held $0.1 billion in reserves against these loans.

(2)
Includes the net credit exposure arising from secured financing transactions, such as repurchase agreements and reverse repurchase agreements. See "Secured Financing Transactions" below.

(3)
For derivatives and loans, includes margin and collateral posted under legally enforceable margin agreements. Does not include collateral received on secured financing transactions.

(4)
Credit protection purchased primarily from investment grade, global financial institutions predominantly outside of the GIIPS and France. See "Credit Default Swaps" below.

(5)
Unfunded commitments net of approximately $0.9 billion of purchased credit protection as of September 30, 2013.

95


Sovereign, Financial Institution and Corporate Exposures

        Citi's gross funded credit exposure to the sovereign entity of France, as well as financial institutions and multinational and local corporations designated in France under Citi's risk management systems, was $12.1 billion at September 30, 2013, composed of $6.3 billion in gross funded loans, before reserves, and $5.8 billion in derivative counterparty mark-to-market exposure, inclusive of CVA. Further, as of September 30, 2013, Citi's net current funded exposure to the French sovereign and financial institutions and corporations designated in France under Citi's risk management systems was $4.0 billion. The decrease from June 30, 2013 primarily reflected a decrease in net trading and AFS exposure, as discussed below.

Net Trading and AFS Exposure—$(1.5) billion

        Included in the net current funded exposure at September 30, 2013 was a net position of $(1.5) billion in securities and derivatives with the French sovereign, financial institutions and corporations as the issuer or reference entity. These securities and derivatives are marked to market daily. Citi's trading exposure levels vary as it maintains inventory consistent with customer needs.

        Included within the net position of $(1.5) billion as of September 30, 2013 was a net position of $(1.1) billion of indexed and tranched credit derivatives (compared to a net position of $(0.2) billion at June 30, 2013).

Net Current Funded Credit Exposure—$5.5 billion

        As of September 30, 2013, the net current funded credit exposure to the French sovereign, financial institutions and corporations was $5.5 billion. Of this amount, $0.6 billion was to the sovereign entity, $2.1 billion was to financial institutions and $2.8 billion was to corporations.

        Consistent with its internal risk management measures and as set forth in the table above, Citi's gross funded credit exposure has been reduced by $4.6 billion of margin and collateral posted under legally enforceable margin agreements. As of September 30, 2013, the majority of Citi's margin and collateral netted against its gross funded credit exposure to France was in the form of cash, with the remainder in predominantly non-French securities, which are included at fair value.

        Gross funded credit exposure as of September 30, 2013 has also been reduced by $2.0 billion in purchased credit protection, predominantly from financial institutions outside of the GIIPS and France (see "Credit Default Swaps" below). Included within the $2.0 billion of purchased credit protection as of September 30, 2013 was $1.0 billion of indexed and tranched credit derivatives executed to hedge Citi's exposure on funded loans and CVA on derivatives (compared to $0.9 billion at June 30, 2013).

        Purchased credit protection generally pays out only upon the occurrence of certain credit events with respect to the country or borrower covered by the protection, as determined by a committee composed of dealers and other market participants. In addition to general counterparty credit risks, the credit protection may not fully cover all situations that may adversely affect the value of Citi's exposure and, accordingly, Citi could still experience losses despite the existence of the credit protection.

        As of September 30, 2013, Citi also held $4.0 billion of collateral that has not been netted against its gross funded credit exposure to France. As described above, this collateral can take a variety of forms and is held under a variety of collateral arrangements.

Net Unfunded Commitments—$14.7 billion

        As of September 30, 2013, Citi had $14.7 billion of net unfunded commitments to the French sovereign, financial institutions and corporations, with $11.3 billion of this amount to corporations. As of September 30, 2013, net unfunded commitments in France included $12.0 billion of unfunded loan commitments that generally have standard conditions that must be met before they can be drawn, and $2.7 billion of letters of credit (compared to $10.4 billion and $2.8 billion at June 30, 2013).

Other Activities

        In addition to the exposures described above, like other banks, Citi also provides settlement and clearing facilities for a variety of clients in France and actively monitors and manages these intra-day exposures.

96


Credit Default Swaps—GIIPS and France

        Citi buys and sells credit protection, through credit default swaps (CDS), on underlying GIIPS and French entities as part of its market-making activities for clients in its trading portfolios. Citi also purchases credit protection, through CDS, to hedge its own credit exposure to these underlying entities that arises from loans to these entities or derivative transactions with these entities.

        Citi buys and sells CDS as part of its market-making activity, and purchases CDS for credit protection, primarily with investment grade, global financial institutions predominantly outside the GIIPS and France. The counterparty credit exposure that can arise from the purchase or sale of CDS, including any GIIPS or French counterparties, is managed and mitigated through legally enforceable netting and margining agreements with a given counterparty. Thus, the credit exposure to that counterparty is measured and managed in aggregate across all products covered by a given netting or margining agreement.

        The notional amount of credit protection purchased or sold on GIIPS and French underlying single reference entities as of September 30, 2013 is set forth in the table below. The net notional contract amounts, less mark-to-market adjustments, are included in "Net current funded exposure" in the tables under "Sovereign, Financial Institution and Corporate Exposures" above, and appear in either "Net trading exposure" when part of a trading strategy or in "Purchased credit protection" when purchased as a hedge against a credit exposure.

 
  CDS purchased or sold on underlying single reference entities in these countries  
In billions of U.S. dollars as of September 30, 2013   GIIPS   Greece   Ireland   Italy   Portugal   Spain   France  

Notional CDS contracts on underlying reference entities

                                           

Net purchased(1)

  $ (14.0 ) $ (0.2 ) $ (0.9 ) $ (9.1 ) $ (2.1 ) $ (5.6 ) $ (8.2 )

Net sold(1)

    6.2     0.2     1.0     2.9     2.1     4.1     6.0  

Sovereign underlying reference entity

                                           

Net purchased(1)

    (11.6 )   (0.0 )   (0.6 )   (8.3 )   (1.6 )   (3.9 )   (3.6 )

Net sold(1)

    4.6     0.0     0.7     1.9     1.6     3.3     3.8  

Financial institution underlying reference entity

                                           

Net purchased(1)

    (2.1 )           (1.5 )   (0.2 )   (0.8 )   (1.5 )

Net sold(1)

    2.0             1.5     0.2     0.9     1.2  

Corporate underlying reference entity

                                           

Net purchased(1)

    (3.2 )   (0.2 )   (0.4 )   (1.4 )   (0.7 )   (2.0 )   (5.1 )

Net sold(1)

    2.5     0.2     0.5     1.4     0.7     1.0     3.1  
                               

(1)
The summation of notional amounts for each GIIPS country does not equal the notional amount presented in the GIIPS total column in the table above, as additional netting is achieved at the agreement level with a specific counterparty across various GIIPS countries.

        When Citi purchases CDS as a hedge against a credit exposure, it generally seeks to purchase products from counterparties that would not be correlated with the underlying credit exposure it is hedging. In addition, Citi generally seeks to purchase products with a maturity date similar to the exposure against which the protection is purchased. While certain exposures may have longer maturities that extend beyond the CDS tenors readily available in the market, Citi generally will purchase credit protection with a maximum tenor that is readily available in the market.

        The above table contains all net CDS purchased or sold on GIIPS and French underlying single reference entities, whether part of a trading strategy or as purchased credit protection. With respect to the $14.0 billion net purchased CDS contracts on underlying GIIPS reference entities at September 30, 2013 (compared to $15.3 billion at June 30, 2013), approximately 92% was purchased from non-GIIPS counterparties and 83% was purchased from investment grade counterparties. With respect to the $8.2 billion net purchased CDS contracts on underlying French reference entities (compared to $7.9 billion at June 30, 2013), approximately 97% was purchased from non-French counterparties and 91% was purchased from investment grade counterparties.

97


Secured Financing Transactions—GIIPS and France

        As part of its banking activities with its clients, Citi enters into secured financing transactions, such as repurchase agreements and reverse repurchase agreements. These transactions typically involve the lending of cash, against which securities are taken as collateral. The amount of cash loaned against the securities collateral is a function of the liquidity and quality of the collateral as well as the credit quality of the counterparty. The collateral is typically marked to market daily, and Citi has the ability to call for additional collateral (usually in the form of cash) if the value of the securities falls below a pre-defined threshold.

        As shown in the table below, at September 30, 2013, Citi had loaned $17.5 billion in cash through secured financing transactions with GIIPS and French counterparties, usually through reverse repurchase agreements. This compared to $12.7 billion as of June 30, 2013. Against those loans, it held approximately $19.8 billion fair value of securities collateral (compared to $14.7 billion as of June 30, 2013). In addition, Citi held $0.4 billion in variation margin (compared to $0.7 billion at June 30, 2013), most of which was in cash, against all secured financing transactions.

        Consistent with Citi's risk management systems, secured financing transactions are included in the counterparty derivative mark-to-market exposure at their net credit exposure value, which is typically small or zero given the over-collateralized structure of these transactions.

In billions of dollars as of September 30, 2013   Cash financing out   Securities collateral in(1)  

Lending to GIIPS and French counterparties through secured financing transactions

  $ 17.5   $ 19.8  
           

(1)
Citi has also received approximately $0.4 billion in variation margin, predominantly cash, associated with secured financing transactions with these counterparties.

        Collateral taken in against secured financing transactions is generally high quality, marketable securities, consisting of government debt, corporate debt, or asset-backed securities. The table below sets forth the fair value of the securities collateral taken in by Citi against secured financing transactions as of September 30, 2013.

In billions of dollars as of September 30, 2013   Total   Government
bonds
  Municipal or
Corporate
bonds
  Asset-backed
bonds
 

Securities pledged by GIIPS and French counterparties in secured financing transaction lending(1)

  $ 19.8   $ 10.0   $ 1.8   $ 8.1  
                   

Investment grade

  $ 19.2   $ 9.6   $ 1.6   $ 8.1  

Non-investment grade

    0.5     0.4     0.1      

Not rated

    0.0         0.0      
                   

(1)
Total includes approximately $5.3 billion in correlated risk collateral, predominantly French and Spanish sovereign debt pledged by French counterparties.

        Secured financing transactions can be short term or can extend beyond one year. In most cases, Citi has the right to call for additional margin daily, and can terminate the transaction and liquidate the collateral if the counterparty fails to post the additional margin. The table below sets forth the remaining transaction tenor for these transactions as of September 30, 2013.

 
  Remaining transaction tenor  
In billions of dollars as of September 30, 2013   Total   <1 year   1-3 years   >3 years  

Cash extended to GIIPS and French counterparties in secured financing transactions lending(1)

  $ 17.5   $ 9.7   $ 3.2   $ 4.6  
                   

(1)
The longest remaining tenor trades mature November 2018.

98


Redenomination and Devaluation Risk

        As referenced above, the ongoing Eurozone debt crisis and other developments in the European Monetary Union (EMU) could lead to the withdrawal of one or more countries from the EMU or a partial or complete break-up of the EMU. See also "Risk Factors—Market and Economic Risks" in Citi's 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K. If one or more countries were to leave the EMU, certain obligations relating to the exiting country could be redenominated from the Euro to a new country currency. While alternative scenarios could develop, redenomination could be accompanied by immediate devaluation of the new currency as compared to the Euro and the U.S. dollar.

        Citi, like other financial institutions with substantial operations in the EMU, is exposed to potential redenomination and devaluation risks arising from (i) Euro-denominated assets and/or liabilities located or held within the exiting country that are governed by local country law ("local exposures"), as well as (ii) other Euro-denominated assets and liabilities, such as loans, securitized products or derivatives, between entities outside of the exiting country and a client within the country that are governed by local country law ("offshore exposures"). However, the actual assets and liabilities that could be subject to redenomination and devaluation risk are subject to substantial legal and other uncertainty.

        Citi has been, and will continue to be, engaged in contingency planning for such events, particularly with respect to Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal and Spain. Generally, to the extent that Citi's local and offshore assets are approximately equal to its liabilities within the exiting country, and assuming both assets and liabilities are symmetrically redenominated and devalued, Citi believes that its risk of loss as a result of a redenomination and devaluation event would not be material. However, to the extent its local and offshore assets and liabilities are not equal, or there is asymmetrical redenomination of assets versus liabilities, Citi could be exposed to losses in the event of a redenomination and devaluation. Moreover, a number of events that could accompany a redenomination and devaluation, including a drawdown of unfunded commitments or "deposit flight," could exacerbate any mismatch of assets and liabilities within the exiting country.

        Citi's redenomination and devaluation exposures to the GIIPS as of September 30, 2013 are not additive to its credit risk exposures to such countries as described under "Credit Risk" above. Rather, Citi's credit risk exposures in the affected country would generally be reduced to the extent of any redenomination and devaluation of assets.

        As of September 30, 2013, Citi estimates that it had net asset exposure subject to redenomination and devaluation in Italy, principally relating to derivatives contracts. Citi also estimates that, as of such date, it had net asset exposure subject to redenomination and devaluation in Spain, principally related to offshore exposures related to held-to-maturity securitized retail assets (primarily mortgage-backed securities) (see "GIIPS—Retail, Small Business and Citi Private Bank" above). However, as of September 30, 2013, Citi's estimated redenomination and devaluation exposure to Italy was less than Citi's net current funded credit exposure to Italy (before purchased credit protection) as reflected under "Credit Risk" above. Further, as of September 30, 2013, Citi's estimated redenomination and devaluation exposure to Spain was less than Citi's net current funded credit exposure to Spain (before purchased credit protection), as reflected under "Credit Risk" above. As of September 30, 2013, Citi had a net liability position in each of Greece, Ireland and Portugal.

        As referenced above, Citi's estimated redenomination and devaluation exposure does not include purchased credit protection. As described under "Credit Risk" above, Citi has purchased credit protection primarily from investment grade, global financial institutions predominantly outside of the GIIPS and France. To the extent the purchased credit protection is available in a redenomination/devaluation event, any redenomination/devaluation exposure could be reduced.

        Any estimates of redenomination/devaluation exposure are subject to ongoing review and necessarily involve numerous assumptions, including which assets and liabilities would be subject to redenomination in any given case, the availability of purchased credit protection and the extent of any utilization of unfunded commitments, each as referenced above. In addition, other events outside of Citi's control—such as the extent of any deposit flight and devaluation, the imposition of exchange and/or capital controls, the requirement by U.S. regulators of mandatory loan loss and other reserve requirements or any required timing of functional currency changes and the accounting impact thereof—could further negatively impact Citi in such an event. Accordingly, in an actual redenomination and devaluation scenario, Citi's exposures could vary considerably based on the specific facts and circumstances.

99



CROSS-BORDER RISK

Overview

        Cross-border risk is the risk that actions taken by a non-U.S. government may prevent the conversion of local currency into non-local currency/U.S. dollars and/or the transfer of funds outside the country, among other risks, thereby impacting the ability of Citigroup and its customers to transact business across borders. Examples of cross-border risk include actions taken by foreign governments such as exchange controls and restrictions on the remittance of funds. These actions might restrict the transfer of funds or the ability of Citigroup to obtain payment from customers on their contractual obligations, and could expose Citi to risk of loss in the event that the local currency devalued as compared to the U.S. dollar. For additional information, including Citi's cross-border risk management process, see "Managing Global Risk—Risk Management—Overview" and—Cross-Border Risk—Overview," as well as "Risk Factors—Market and Economic Risks" in Citi's 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Argentina and Venezuela Developments

        As previously disclosed, Argentina and Venezuela are two countries in which Citi operates with strict foreign exchange controls. For additional information, see "Managing Global Risk—Cross-Border Risk—Argentina and Venezuela Developments" in Citi's 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Argentina

        As of September 30, 2013, Citi's net investment in its Argentine operations was approximately $750 million, compared to $770 million at June 30, 2013 and $720 million at December 31, 2012. As previously disclosed, Citi uses the Argentine peso as the functional currency in Argentina and translates its financial statements into U.S. dollars using the official exchange rate as published by the Central Bank of Argentina. During the third quarter of 2013, devaluation of the Argentine peso continued, with an official exchange rate of 5.79 Argentine pesos to one U.S. dollar at September 30, 2013, compared to 5.39 and 4.90 Argentine pesos to one U.S. dollar at June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively.

        At September 30, 2013, Citi had cumulative translation losses related to its investment in Argentina, net of qualifying net investment hedges, of approximately $1.19 billion (pretax) (compared to $1.12 billion and $1.04 billion (pretax) as of June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively), which were recorded in stockholders' equity. The cumulative translation losses would not be reclassified into earnings unless realized upon sale or liquidation of Citi's Argentine operations.

        At September 30, 2013, Citi hedged approximately $200 million of its net investment in Argentina (compared with $220 million and $200 million as of June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively) using foreign currency forwards that are recorded as net investment hedges under ASC 815. In addition, as of September 30, 2013, Citi hedged foreign currency risk associated with its net investment by holding in its Argentine operations both U.S.-dollar-denominated net monetary assets of approximately $370 million (compared to $390 million and $280 million as of June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively) and foreign currency futures with a notional value of approximately $200 million (compared to $180 million and $170 million as of June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively), neither of which qualify as net investment hedges under ASC 815.

Venezuela

        Citi uses the official exchange rate, as fixed by the Foreign Currency Administration Commission (CADIVI) of Venezuela, to re-measure foreign currency transactions in the financial statements of its Venezuelan operations, which use the U.S. dollar as the functional currency, into U.S. dollars. Citi uses the official exchange rate as it is the only rate legally available in the country, despite the limited availability of U.S. dollars from CADIVI and although the official rate may not necessarily be reflective of economic reality. Re-measurement of Citi's bolivar-denominated assets and liabilities due to changes in the official exchange rate is recorded in earnings.

        As of September 30, 2013, Citi's net investment in Venezuela was approximately $230 million (compared to $220 million and $300 million at June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively), which included net monetary assets denominated in Venezuelan bolivars of approximately $220 million (compared to $200 million and $290 million at June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively).

Egypt

        There has been ongoing political transition and sporadic civil unrest in Egypt, contributing to significant economic uncertainty and volatility. As previously disclosed, Citi operates in Egypt through a branch of Citibank N.A., and uses the Egyptian pound as the functional currency to translate its financial statements into U.S. dollars using quoted exchange rates. As of September 30, 2013, Citi's net investment in Egypt was approximately $250 million, flat sequentially, and Citi had cumulative translation losses related to its investment in Egypt, net of qualifying net investment hedges, of approximately $116 million (pretax), compared to approximately $101 million (pretax) as of June 30, 2013. Substantially all of the net investment is hedged with forward foreign exchange derivatives. Total third-party assets of the Egypt Citibank, N.A. branch were approximately $1.55 billion as of September 30, 2013, comprised primarily of cash on deposit with the Central Bank of Egypt, loans and short-term local government debt securities. A significant majority of these third party assets were funded with local deposit liabilities. Citi continues to closely monitor the political and economic situation in Egypt, and will continue to take actions to mitigate its exposures to potential risk events.

100



FAIR VALUE ADJUSTMENTS FOR DERIVATIVES AND FVO LIABILITIES

        The following discussion relates to the derivative obligor information and the fair valuation for derivatives and liabilities for which the fair value option (FVO) has been elected. See Notes 20 and 22 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on Citi's derivative activities and FVO liabilities, respectively.


Fair Valuation Adjustments for Derivatives

        The fair value adjustments applied by Citigroup to its derivative carrying values consist of the following items:

Citi's CVA methodology is composed of two steps. First, the exposure profile for each counterparty is determined using the terms of all individual derivative positions and a Monte Carlo simulation or other quantitative analysis to generate a series of expected cash flows at future points in time. The calculation of this exposure profile considers the effect of credit risk mitigants, including pledged cash or other collateral and any legal right of offset that exists with a counterparty through arrangements such as netting agreements. Individual derivative contracts that are subject to an enforceable master netting agreement with a counterparty are aggregated for this purpose, since it is those aggregate net cash flows that are subject to nonperformance risk. This process identifies specific, point-in-time future cash flows that are subject to nonperformance risk, rather than using the current recognized net asset or liability as a basis to measure the CVA.

        Second, market-based views of default probabilities derived from observed credit spreads in the credit default swap (CDS) market are applied to the expected future cash flows determined in step one. Citi's own-credit CVA is determined using Citi-specific CDS spreads for the relevant tenor. Generally, counterparty CVA is determined using CDS spread indices for each credit rating and tenor. For certain identified netting sets where individual analysis is practicable (e.g., exposures to counterparties with liquid CDS), counterparty-specific CDS spreads are used.

        The CVA adjustment is designed to incorporate a market view of the credit risk inherent in the derivative portfolio. However, most derivative instruments are negotiated bilateral contracts and are not commonly transferred to third parties. Derivative instruments are normally settled contractually or, if terminated early, are terminated at a value negotiated bilaterally between the counterparties. Therefore, the CVA (both counterparty and own-credit) may not be realized upon a settlement or termination in the normal course of business. In addition, all or a portion of the CVA may be reversed or otherwise adjusted in future periods in the event of changes in the credit risk of Citi or its counterparties, or changes in the credit mitigants (collateral and netting agreements) associated with the derivative instruments.

        The table below summarizes the CVA applied to the fair value of derivative instruments for the periods indicated:

 
  Credit valuation adjustment
contra-liability (contra-asset)
 
In millions of dollars   September 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012
 

Non-monoline counterparties

  $ (2,240 ) $ (2,971 )

Citigroup (own)

    771     918  
           

Total CVA—derivative instruments

  $ (1,469 ) $ (2,053 )
           


Own Debt Valuation Adjustments

        Own debt valuation adjustments (DVA) are recognized on Citi's liabilities for which the fair value option (FVO) has been elected using Citi's credit spreads observed in the bond market. Accordingly, the fair value of the liabilities for which the fair value option has been elected (other than non-recourse and similar liabilities) is impacted by the narrowing or widening of Citi's credit spreads. Changes in fair value resulting from changes in Citi's instrument-specific credit risk are estimated by incorporating Citi's current credit spreads observable in the bond market into the relevant valuation technique used to value each liability.

        The table below summarizes pretax gains (losses) related to changes in CVA on derivative instruments, net of hedges, and DVA on own FVO liabilities for the periods indicated:

 
  Credit/debt valuation
adjustment gain (loss)
 
 
  Three Months
Ended September 30,
  Nine Months
Ended September 30,
 
In millions of dollars   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Derivative counterparty CVA

  $ (48 ) $ 250   $ 175   $ 660  

Derivative own-credit CVA

    (47 )   (466 )   (104 )   (953 )
                   

Total CVA—derivative instruments

  $ (95 ) $ (216 ) $ 71   $ (293 )
                   

DVA related to own FVO liabilities

  $ (241 ) $ (560 ) $ (249 ) $ (1,552 )
                   

Total CVA and DVA

  $ (336 ) $ (776 ) $ (178 ) $ (1,845 )
                   

        The CVA and DVA amounts shown in the table above do not include losses, related to counterparty credit risk, on non-derivative instruments, such as bonds and loans.

101



CREDIT DERIVATIVES

        Citigroup makes markets in and trades a range of credit derivatives on behalf of clients and in connection with its risk management activities. Through these contracts, Citi either purchases or writes protection on either a single-name or portfolio basis. Citi primarily uses credit derivatives to help mitigate credit risk in its corporate loan portfolio and other cash positions, and to facilitate client transactions.

        Credit derivatives generally require that the seller of credit protection make payments to the buyer upon the occurrence of predefined events (settlement triggers). These settlement triggers, which are defined by the form of the derivative and the referenced credit, are generally limited to the market standard of failure to pay indebtedness and bankruptcy (or comparable events) of the reference credit and, in a more limited range of transactions, debt restructuring.

        Credit derivative transactions referring to emerging market reference credits will also typically include additional settlement triggers to cover the acceleration of indebtedness and the risk of repudiation or a payment moratorium. In certain transactions on a portfolio of referenced credits or asset-backed securities, the seller of protection may not be required to make payment until a specified amount of losses has occurred with respect to the portfolio and/or may only be required to pay for losses up to a specified amount.

        The fair values shown below are prior to the application of any netting agreements, cash collateral, and market or credit valuation adjustments.

        Citi actively participates in trading a variety of credit derivatives products as both an active two-way market-maker for clients and to manage credit risk. The majority of this activity was transacted with other financial intermediaries, including both banks and broker-dealers. Citi generally has a mismatch between the total notional amounts of protection purchased and sold and it may hold the reference assets directly, rather than entering into offsetting credit derivative contracts as and when desired. The open risk exposures from credit derivative contracts are largely matched after certain cash positions in reference assets are considered and after notional amounts are adjusted, either to a duration-based equivalent basis or to reflect the level of subordination in tranched structures.

        Citi actively monitors its counterparty credit risk in credit derivative contracts. As of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, approximately 96% of the gross receivables are from counterparties with which Citi maintains collateral agreements. A majority of Citi's top 15 counterparties (by receivable balance owed to Citi) are banks, financial institutions or other dealers. Contracts with these counterparties do not include ratings-based termination events. However, counterparty ratings downgrades may have an incremental effect by lowering the threshold at which Citi may call for additional collateral.

        The ratings of the credit derivatives portfolio presented in the following table are based on the assigned internal or external ratings of the referenced asset or entity. Where external ratings are used, investment-grade ratings are considered to be Baa/BBB and above, while anything below is considered non-investment grade. Citi's internal ratings are in line with the related external rating system. On certain underlying referenced credits or entities, ratings are not available. Such referenced credits are included in the "not rated" category and are primarily related to credit default swaps and other derivatives referencing investment grade and high yield credit index products and customized baskets.

102


        The following tables summarize the key characteristics of Citi's credit derivatives portfolio by counterparty and derivative form as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012:


September 30, 2013

 
  Fair values   Notionals  
In millions of dollars   Receivable(1)   Payable(2)   Protection
purchased
  Protection
sold
 

By industry/counterparty

                         

Bank

  $ 28,642   $ 27,014   $ 901,516   $ 886,450  

Broker-dealer

    9,842     10,876     289,902     262,902  

Monoline

    1         113      

Non-financial

    207     163     4,473     3,440  

Insurance and other financial institutions

    6,468     7,115     234,897     206,850  
                   

Total by industry/counterparty

  $ 45,160   $ 45,168   $ 1,430,901   $ 1,359,642  
                   

By instrument

                         

Credit default swaps and options

  $ 44,886   $ 43,802   $ 1,415,840   $ 1,358,327  

Total return swaps and other

    274     1,366     15,061     1,315  
                   

Total by instrument

  $ 45,160   $ 45,168   $ 1,430,901   $ 1,359,642  
                   

By rating

                         

Investment grade

  $ 14,888   $ 14,215   $ 671,939   $ 629,884  

Non-investment grade

    17,143     16,098     203,461     196,785  

Not rated

    13,129     14,855     555,501     532,973  
                   

Total by rating

  $ 45,160   $ 45,168   $ 1,430,901   $ 1,359,642  
                   

By maturity

                         

Within 1 year

  $ 3,372   $ 3,443   $ 278,697   $ 258,714  

From 1 to 5 years

    33,972     34,280     1,043,750     1,002,689  

After 5 years

    7,816     7,445     108,454     98,239  
                   

Total by maturity

  $ 45,160   $ 45,168   $ 1,430,901   $ 1,359,642  
                   

(1)
The fair value amounts receivable were $21,315 million and $23,845 million under protection purchased and sold, respectively.

(2)
The fair value amounts payable were $25,652 million and $19,516 million under protection purchased and sold, respectively.


December 31, 2012

 
  Fair values   Notionals  
In millions of dollars   Receivable(1)   Payable(2)   Protection
purchased
  Protection
sold
 

By industry/counterparty

                         

Bank

  $ 33,938   $ 31,914   $ 914,542   $ 863,411  

Broker-dealer

    13,302     14,098     321,418     304,968  

Monoline

    5         141      

Non-financial

    210     164     4,022     3,241  

Insurance and other financial institutions

    6,671     6,486     194,166     174,874  
                   

Total by industry/counterparty

  $ 54,126   $ 52,662   $ 1,434,289   $ 1,346,494  
                   

By instrument

                         

Credit default swaps and options

  $ 54,024   $ 51,270   $ 1,421,122   $ 1,345,162  

Total return swaps and other

    102     1,392     13,167     1,332  
                   

Total by instrument

  $ 54,126   $ 52,662   $ 1,434,289   $ 1,346,494  
                   

By rating

                         

Investment grade

  $ 17,236   $ 16,252   $ 694,590   $ 637,343  

Non-investment grade

    22,385     20,420     210,478     200,529  

Not rated

    14,505     15,990     529,221     508,622  
                   

Total by rating

  $ 54,126   $ 52,662   $ 1,434,289   $ 1,346,494  
                   

By maturity

                         

Within 1 year

  $ 4,826   $ 5,324   $ 311,202   $ 287,670  

From 1 to 5 years

    37,660     37,311     1,014,459     965,059  

After 5 years

    11,640     10,027     108,628     93,765  
                   

Total by maturity

  $ 54,126   $ 52,662   $ 1,434,289   $ 1,346,494  
                   

(1)
The fair value amounts receivable were $34,416 million and $19,710 million under protection purchased and sold, respectively.

(2)
The fair value amounts payable were $20,832 million and $31,830 million under protection purchased and sold, respectively.

103



INCOME TAXES

Deferred Tax Assets

        Deferred tax assets (DTAs) are recorded for the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the financial statements or tax returns, based upon enacted tax laws and rates. DTAs are recognized subject to management's judgment that realization is more likely than not. For additional information, see "Risk Factors" and "Significant Accounting Policies and Significant Estimates—Income Taxes" in Citi's 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

        At September 30, 2013, Citigroup had recorded net DTAs of approximately $53.5 billion, a decrease of $0.5 billion from June 30, 2013 and $1.8 billion from December 31, 2012. The sequential decrease in DTAs was driven primarily by the generation of U.S. taxable earnings, including a continued decline in losses within Citi Holdings, and a decrease in the tax effect of net losses in AOCI during the third quarter of 2013.

        Although realization is not assured, Citi believes that the realization of its recognized net DTAs at September 30, 2013 is more-likely-than-not-based on (i) expectations as to future taxable income in the jurisdictions in which the DTAs arise, and (ii) available tax planning strategies (as defined in ASC 740, Income Taxes) that would be implemented, if necessary, to prevent a carryforward from expiring. Realization of the DTAs will continue to be driven by Citi's ability to generate U.S. taxable earnings in the carry-forward period, including through actions that optimize Citi's U.S. taxable earnings. Citi does not expect a significant reduction in the balance of its DTAs during the remainder of 2013.

        The following table summarizes Citi's net DTAs balance at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012:


Jurisdiction/Component

 
  DTAs balance  
In billions of dollars   September 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012
 

Total U.S

  $ 50.3   $ 52.0  

Total foreign

    3.2     3.3  
           

Total

  $ 53.5 (1) $ 55.3  
           

(1)
Approximately $11 billion of the net DTAs was not deducted in calculating regulatory capital pursuant to current risk-based capital guidelines as of September 30, 2013.

Effective Tax Rate

        Citi's effective tax rate for the third quarter of 2013 was 25.3%. This included a tax benefit of $176 million for the resolution of tax issues in the quarter (see discussion below). Citi expects its effective tax rate will remain higher than in prior years due to higher expected taxable earnings in North America as well as a higher tax rate on its international operations. As previously disclosed, the increased tax rate on Citi's earnings outside of North America is due to a change in Citi's assertion that earnings in certain entities would be indefinitely reinvested outside the U.S. (indefinite reinvestment assertions under ASC 740).

Unrecognized Tax Benefits Update

        As disclosed in Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Citi's 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K, Citi noted that it could resolve certain issues with IRS Appeals for the 2003-2005 and 2006-2008 cycles during 2013. The $176 million benefit noted under "Effective Tax Rate" above reflected the resolution of two of those issues. As of September 30, 2013, the remaining unrecognized tax benefits that may be resolved for these years are immaterial.

        During the third quarter of 2013, the relevant portion of the audit of Citi's German Consumer tax group for the years 2005-2008, was completed and a tax benefit of $85 million (including a pretax indemnification amount) was recorded in the third quarter of 2013 and included in discontinued operations within Corporate/Other.

        Primarily as a result of the resolution of certain issues in Citi's current IRS audit and at IRS Appeals (as noted above), Citi's gross unrecognized tax benefits, which were $3.1 billion at December 31, 2012, have been reduced by approximately $1.4 billion through the third quarter of 2013. Citi may resolve further issues in its IRS audit for the years 2009-2011 within the next 12 months. The gross unrecognized tax benefits are as much as $625 million. The potential tax benefit to continuing operations could be anywhere in a range between $0 and $150 million while the potential tax benefit to retained earnings could be anywhere in a range between $0 and $350 million.

104


DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

        Citi's disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms, including without limitation that information required to be disclosed by Citi in its SEC filings is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Chief Financial Officer (CFO) as appropriate to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

        Citi's Disclosure Committee assists the CEO and CFO in their responsibilities to design, establish, maintain and evaluate the effectiveness of Citi's disclosure controls and procedures. The Disclosure Committee is responsible for, among other things, the oversight, maintenance and implementation of the disclosure controls and procedures, subject to the supervision and oversight of the CEO and CFO.

        Citi's management, with the participation of its CEO and CFO, has evaluated the effectiveness of Citigroup's disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) as of September 30, 2013 and, based on that evaluation, the CEO and CFO have concluded that at that date Citigroup's disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

DISCLOSURE PURSUANT TO SECTION 219 OF THE IRAN THREAT REDUCTION AND SYRIA HUMAN RIGHTS ACT

        Pursuant to Section 219 of the Iran Threat Reduction and Syria Human Rights Act of 2012, which added Section 13(r) to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, Citi is required to disclose in its annual or quarterly reports, as applicable, whether it or any of its affiliates knowingly engaged in certain activities, transactions or dealings relating to Iran or with individuals or entities that are subject to sanctions under U.S. law. Disclosure is generally required even where the activities, transactions or dealings were conducted in compliance with applicable law.

        Citi, through its wholly owned banking subsidiary, Citibank, N.A., has branch operations in Bahrain (Citibank Bahrain) and Venezuela (Citibank Venezuela). These branches participate in the local government-run clearing and settlement exchange networks in each country for transactions involving automated teller machines (ATM), point-of-sale (POS) debit card transactions and/or the clearing and settlement of domestic checks. In addition, as required by the local law and the applicable operating rules for these exchange networks, all network participants, including these Citibank branches, must process transactions in which funds are drawn from, or deposited into, client accounts of other network participants.

        The Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) has been aware of the requirement for financial institutions operating within a particular country to participate in these local government-run clearing and exchange networks (including the participation of these Citi branches in such networks), despite the fact that certain banks that have been designated for sanctions by OFAC based on their ties to Iran and involvement in certain activities (OFAC Designated Banks) also participate in these networks. Citi has license applications pending with OFAC in connection with the activity in Venezuela. On September 13, 2013, Citi received OFAC license approval related to the activity in Bahrain.

        During the third quarter of 2013, Citibank Bahrain processed approximately 19 domestic check transactions (or approximately 0.1% of all domestic check transactions for Citibank Bahrain during the third quarter of 2013) involving Future Bank, an OFAC Designated Bank. The domestic check transactions resulted in no revenues or net income to Citi. During the third quarter of 2013, Citibank Venezuela processed one domestic check transaction involving Banco Internacional de Desarrollo, an OFAC Designated Bank. The transaction resulted in no revenues or net income to Citi.

105


FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

        Certain statements in this Form 10-Q, including but not limited to statements included within the Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, are "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. In addition, Citigroup also may make forward-looking statements in its other documents filed or furnished with the SEC, and its management may make forward-looking statements orally to analysts, investors, representatives of the media and others.

        Generally, forward-looking statements are not based on historical facts but instead represent Citigroup's and its management's beliefs regarding future events. Such statements may be identified by words such as believe, expect, anticipate, intend, estimate, may increase, may fluctuate, and similar expressions, or future or conditional verbs such as will, should, would and could.

        Such statements are based on management's current expectations and are subject to uncertainty and changes in circumstances. Actual results and capital and other financial condition may differ materially from those included in these statements due to a variety of factors, including without limitation the precautionary statements included in this Form 10-Q, the factors listed and described under "Risk Factors" in Citi's 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K and the factors and uncertainties summarized below:

106


        Any forward-looking statements made by or on behalf of Citigroup speak only as to the date they are made, and Citi does not undertake to update forward-looking statements to reflect the impact of circumstances or events that arise after the date the forward-looking statements were made.

107



FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND NOTES TABLE OF CONTENTS

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

   

Consolidated Statement of Income (Unaudited)—For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2013 and 2012

 
109

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)—For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2013 and 2012

 
110

Consolidated Balance Sheet—September 30, 2013 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2012

 
111

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders' Equity (Unaudited)—For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2013 and 2012

 
113

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows (Unaudited) —For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2013 and 2012

 
114

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

   

Note 1—Basis of Presentation

 
115

Note 2—Discontinued Operations

 
119

Note 3—Business Segments

 
121

Note 4—Interest Revenue and Expense

 
122

Note 5—Commissions and Fees

 
123

Note 6—Principal Transactions

 
124

Note 7—Incentive Plans

 
125

Note 8—Retirement Benefits

 
126

Note 9—Earnings per Share

 
130

Note 10—Federal Funds/Securities Borrowed, Loaned and Subject to Repurchase Agreements

 
131

Note 11—Trading Account Assets and Liabilities

 
133

Note 12—Investments

 
134

Note 13—Loans

 
146

Note 14—Allowance for Credit Losses

 
159

Note 15—Goodwill and Intangible Assets

 
161

Note 16—Debt

 
163

Note 17—Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

 
165

Note 18—Preferred Stock

 
168

Note 19—Securitizations and Variable Interest Entities

 
170

Note 20—Derivatives Activities

 
189

Note 21—Fair Value Measurement

 
201

Note 22—Fair Value Elections

 
230

Note 23—Guarantees and Commitments

 
235

Note 24—Contingencies

 
241

108



CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME (Unaudited)

Citigroup Inc. and Subsidiaries

 
  Three Months Ended September 30,   Nine Months Ended September 30,  
In millions of dollars, except per share amounts   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Revenues

                         

Interest revenue

  $ 15,463   $ 16,737   $ 47,263   $ 50,717  

Interest expense

    3,952     5,026     12,440     15,947  
                   

Net interest revenue

  $ 11,511   $ 11,711   $ 34,823   $ 34,770  
                   

Commissions and fees

  $ 3,095   $ 3,258   $ 9,918   $ 9,377  

Principal transactions

    1,101     976     6,188     4,547  

Administration and other fiduciary fees

    968     974     3,119     2,992  

Realized gains on sales of investments, net

    63     615     764     2,813  

Other-than-temporary impairment losses on investments

                         

Gross impairment losses(1)

    (39 )   (3,470 )   (462 )   (4,969 )

Less: Impairments recognized in AOCI

                66  
                   

Net impairment losses recognized in earnings

  $ (39 ) $ (3,470 ) $ (462 ) $ (4,903 )
                   

Insurance premiums

  $ 556   $ 597   $ 1,728   $ 1,810  

Other revenue(2)

    625     (958 )   2,508     (195 )
                   

Total non-interest revenues

  $ 6,369   $ 1,992   $ 23,763   $ 16,441  
                   

Total revenues, net of interest expense

  $ 17,880   $ 13,703   $ 58,586   $ 51,211  
                   

Provisions for credit losses and for benefits and claims

                         

Provision for loan losses

  $ 1,652   $ 2,436   $ 5,693   $ 7,620  

Policyholder benefits and claims

    204     225     635     668  

Provision (release) for unfunded lending commitments

    103     (41 )   114     (72 )
                   

Total provisions for credit losses and for benefits and claims

  $ 1,959   $ 2,620   $ 6,442   $ 8,216  
                   

Operating expenses

                         

Compensation and benefits

  $ 5,828   $ 6,113   $ 18,238   $ 18,580  

Premises and equipment

    763     842     2,369     2,439  

Technology/communication

    1,568     1,440     4,584     4,264  

Advertising and marketing

    458     589     1,387     1,651  

Other operating

    3,038     3,108     9,484     9,331  
                   

Total operating expenses

  $ 11,655   $ 12,092   $ 36,062   $ 36,265  
                   

Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes

  $ 4,266   $ (1,009 ) $ 16,082   $ 6,730  

Provision for income taxes

    1,080     (1,494 )   4,777     221  
                   

Income from continuing operations

  $ 3,186   $ 485   $ 11,305   $ 6,509  
                   

Discontinued operations

                         

Income (loss) from discontinued operations

  $ 33   $ (1 ) $ (19 ) $ 27  

Gain (loss) on sale

    6         62     (1 )

Provision (benefit) for income taxes

    (53 )   (9 )   (46 )   (1 )
                   

Income from discontinued operations, net of taxes

  $ 92   $ 8   $ 89   $ 27  
                   

Net income before attribution of noncontrolling interests

  $ 3,278   $ 493   $ 11,394   $ 6,536  

Noncontrolling interests

    51     25     177     191  
                   

Citigroup's net income

  $ 3,227   $ 468   $ 11,217   $ 6,345  
                   

Basic earnings per share(3)

                         

Income from continuing operations

  $ 0.98   $ 0.15   $ 3.55   $ 2.11  

Income from discontinued operations, net of taxes

    0.03         0.03     0.01  
                   

Net income

  $ 1.01   $ 0.15   $ 3.58   $ 2.12  
                   

Weighted average common shares outstanding

    3,034.3     2,926.8     3,038.4     2,926.5  
                   

Diluted earnings per share(3)

                         

Income from continuing operations

  $ 0.98   $ 0.15   $ 3.55   $ 2.05  

Income from discontinued operations, net of taxes

    0.03         0.03     0.01  
                   

Net income

  $ 1.00   $ 0.15   $ 3.57   $ 2.06  
                   

Adjusted weighted average common shares outstanding

    3,040.9     3,015.3     3,044.0     3,014.9  
                   

(1)
Third quarter of 2012 included the recognition of a $3,340 million impairment charge related to the carrying value of Citi's remaining 35% interest in the Morgan Stanley Smith Barney joint venture (MSSB).The nine months of 2012 included the recognition of a $1,181 million impairment charge related to Citi's investment in Akbank. See Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

(2)
Other revenue for the third quarter of 2012 included a $1,344 million loss related to the sale of a 14% interest in MSSB. Additionally, Other revenue for the nine months of 2012 included the recognition of a $424 million loss related to the sale of Citi's 10.1% stake in Akbank.

(3)
Due to rounding, earnings per share on continuing operations and discontinued operations may not sum to earnings per share on net income.

The Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

109



CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Unaudited)

Citigroup Inc. and Subsidiaries

 
  Three Months Ended
September 30,
  Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
In millions of dollars   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Net income before attribution of noncontrolling interests

  $ 3,278   $ 493   $ 11,394   $ 6,536  
                   

Citigroup's other comprehensive income (loss)

                         

Net change in unrealized gains and losses on investment securities, net of taxes

  $ (66 ) $ 776   $ (1,953 )   566  

Net change in cash flow hedges, net of taxes

    330     186     952     317  

Net change in benefit plans, net of taxes(1)

    298     (24 )   953     (7 )

Net change in foreign currency translation adjustment, net of taxes and hedges

    564     1,245     (1,854 )   1,346  
                   

Citigroup's total other comprehensive income (loss)

  $ 1,126   $ 2,183   $ (1,902 ) $ 2,222  
                   

Other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests

                         

Net change in unrealized gains and losses on investment securities, net of taxes

  $ (3 ) $ 9   $ (29 ) $ 18  

Net change in foreign currency translation adjustment, net of taxes

    34     39     (15 )   41  
                   

Total other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests

  $ 31   $ 48   $ (44 ) $ 59  
                   

Total comprehensive income before attribution of noncontrolling interests

  $ 4,435   $ 2,724   $ 9,448   $ 8,817  

Total comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests

    82     73     133     250  
                   

Citigroup's comprehensive income

  $ 4,353   $ 2,651   $ 9,315   $ 8,567  
                   

(1)
Primarily reflects adjustments based on the periodic actuarial valuations of the Company's benefit plans and amortization of amounts previously recognized in Other comprehensive income.

The Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

110



CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET

Citigroup Inc. and Subsidiaries

In millions of dollars   September 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012
 
 
  (Unaudited)
   
 

Assets

             

Cash and due from banks (including segregated cash and other deposits)

  $ 32,810   $ 36,453  

Deposits with banks

    172,659     102,134  

Federal funds sold and securities borrowed or purchased under agreements to resell (including $175,015 and $160,589 as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively, at fair value)

    273,679     261,311  

Brokerage receivables

    24,976     22,490  

Trading account assets (including $107,023 and $105,458 pledged to creditors at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively)

    291,722     320,929  

Investments (including $27,824 and $21,423 pledged to creditors at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively, and $285,312 and $294,463 as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively, at fair value)

    303,525     312,326  

Loans, net of unearned income

             

Consumer (including $996 and $1,231 as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively, at fair value)

    387,822     408,671  

Corporate (including $4,202 and $4,056 as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively, at fair value)

    269,729     246,793  
           

Loans, net of unearned income

  $ 657,551   $ 655,464  

Allowance for loan losses

    (20,605 )   (25,455 )
           

Total loans, net

  $ 636,946   $ 630,009  

Goodwill

    25,098     25,673  

Intangible assets (other than MSRs)

    4,888     5,697  

Mortgage servicing rights (MSRs)

    2,580     1,942  

Other assets (including $8,684 and $13,299 as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively, at fair value)

    127,308     145,660  

Assets of discontinued operations held for sale

    3,320     36  
           

Total assets

  $ 1,899,511   $ 1,864,660  
           

        The following table presents certain assets of consolidated variable interest entities (VIEs), which are included in the Consolidated Balance Sheet above. The assets in the table below include only those assets that can be used to settle obligations of consolidated VIEs on the following page, and are in excess of those obligations. Additionally, the assets in the table below include third-party assets of consolidated VIEs only, and exclude intercompany balances that eliminate in consolidation.

In millions of dollars   September 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012
 
 
  (Unaudited)
   
 

Assets of consolidated VIEs that can only be used to settle obligations of consolidated VIEs

             

Cash and due from banks

  $ 490   $ 498  

Trading account assets

    911     481  

Investments

    10,781     10,751  

Loans, net of unearned income

             

Consumer (including $951 and $1,191 as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively, at fair value)

    61,932     93,936  

Corporate (including $15 and $157 as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively, at fair value)

    28,124     23,648  
           

Loans, net of unearned income

  $ 90,056   $ 117,620  

Allowance for loan losses

    (3,588 )   (5,854 )
           

Total loans, net

  $ 86,468   $ 111,766  

Other assets

    1,484     674  
           

Total assets of consolidated VIEs that can only be used to settle obligations of consolidated VIEs

  $ 100,134   $ 124,170  
           

Statement continues on the next page.

111


CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
(Continued)

Citigroup Inc. and Subsidiaries

In millions of dollars, except shares and per share amounts   September 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012
 
 
  (Unaudited)
   
 

Liabilities

             

Non-interest-bearing deposits in U.S. offices

  $ 130,273   $ 129,657  

Interest-bearing deposits in U.S. offices (including $949 and $889 as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively, at fair value)

    266,322     247,716  

Non-interest-bearing deposits in offices outside the U.S. 

    66,028     65,024  

Interest-bearing deposits in offices outside the U.S. (including $698 and $558 as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively, at fair value)

    492,837     488,163  
           

Total deposits

  $ 955,460   $ 930,560  

Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase (including $119,427 and $116,689 as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively, at fair value)

    216,387     211,236  

Brokerage payables

    56,992     57,013  

Trading account liabilities

    122,048     115,549  

Short-term borrowings (including $4,495 and $818 as September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively, at fair value)

    58,904     52,027  

Long-term debt (including $26,624 and $29,764 as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively, at fair value)

    221,593     239,463  

Other liabilities (including $2,425 and $2,910 as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively, at fair value)

    63,349     67,815  

Liabilities of discontinued operations held for sale

    2,039      
           

Total liabilities

  $ 1,696,772   $ 1,673,663  
           

Stockholders' equity

             

Preferred stock ($1.00 par value; authorized shares: 30 million), issued shares: 209,720 as of September 30, 2013 and 102,038 as of December 31, 2012, at aggregate liquidation value

  $ 5,243   $ 2,562  

Common stock ($0.01 par value; authorized shares: 6 billion), issued shares: 3,062,096,040 as of September 30, 2013 and 3,043,153,204 as of December 31, 2012

    31     30  

Additional paid-in capital

    107,030     106,391  

Retained earnings

    108,812     97,809  

Treasury stock, at cost: September 30, 2013—29,095,963 shares and December 31, 2012—14,269,301 shares

    (1,472 )   (847 )

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

    (18,798 )   (16,896 )
           

Total Citigroup stockholders' equity

  $ 200,846   $ 189,049  

Noncontrolling interests

    1,893     1,948  
           

Total equity

  $ 202,739   $ 190,997  
           

Total liabilities and equity

  $ 1,899,511   $ 1,864,660  
           

        The following table presents certain liabilities of consolidated VIEs, which are included in the Consolidated Balance Sheet above. The liabilities in the table below include third-party liabilities of consolidated VIEs only, and exclude intercompany balances that eliminate in consolidation. The liabilities also exclude amounts where creditors or beneficial interest holders have recourse to the general credit of Citigroup.

In millions of dollars   September 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012
 
 
  (Unaudited)
   
 

Liabilities of consolidated VIEs for which creditors or beneficial interest holders do not have recourse to the general credit of Citigroup

             

Short-term borrowings (including $97 as of September 30, 2013 at fair value)

  $ 21,987   $ 15,637  

Long-term debt (including $961 and $1,330 as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively, at fair value)

    31,414     26,346  

Other liabilities

    1,190     1,224  
           

Total liabilities of consolidated VIEs for which creditors or beneficial interest holders do not have recourse to the general credit of Citigroup

  $ 54,591   $ 43,207  
           

The Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

112



CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(Unaudited)

Citigroup Inc. and Subsidiaries

 
  Nine Months Ended September 30,  
In millions of dollars, except shares in thousands   2013   2012  

Preferred stock at aggregate liquidation value

             

Balance, beginning of year

  $ 2,562   $ 312  

Issuance of preferred stock

    2,775      

Redemption of preferred stock

    (94 )    
           

Balance, end of period

  $ 5,243   $ 312  
           

Common stock and additional paid-in capital

             

Balance, beginning of year

  $ 106,421   $ 105,833  

Employee benefit plans

    684     391  

Issuance of preferred stock expenses

    (44 )    

Other

        8  
           

Balance, end of period

  $ 107,061   $ 106,232  
           

Retained earnings

             

Balance, beginning of year

  $ 97,809   $ 90,520  

Adjustment to opening balance, net of taxes(1)

        (107 )
           

Adjusted balance, beginning of year

  $ 97,809   $ 90,413  

Citigroup's net income

    11,217     6,345  

Common dividends(2)

    (91 )   (91 )

Preferred dividends

    (123 )   (17 )
           

Balance, end of period

  $ 108,812   $ 96,650  
           

Treasury stock, at cost

             

Balance, beginning of year

  $ (847 ) $ (1,071 )

Issuance of shares pursuant to employee benefit plans

    (6 )   224  

Treasury stock acquired(3)

    (619 )   (4 )
           

Balance, end of period

  $ (1,472 ) $ (851 )
           

Citigroup's accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

             

Balance, beginning of year

  $ (16,896 ) $ (17,788 )

Net change in Citigroup's Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

    (1,902 )   2,222  
           

Balance, end of period

  $ (18,798 ) $ (15,566 )
           

Total Citigroup common stockholders' equity (shares outstanding: 3,033,000 as of September 30, 2013 and 3,028,884 as of December 31, 2012)

  $ 195,603   $ 186,465  
           

Total Citigroup stockholders' equity

  $ 200,846   $ 186,777  
           

Noncontrolling interests

             

Balance, beginning of year

  $ 1,948   $ 1,767  

Initial origination of a noncontrolling interest

    6     88  

Transactions between noncontrolling-interest shareholders and the related consolidated subsidiary

    (2 )    

Transactions between Citigroup and the noncontrolling-interest shareholders

    23     (41 )

Net income attributable to noncontrolling-interest shareholders

    177     191  

Dividends paid to noncontrolling-interest shareholders

    (63 )   (32 )

Net change in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

    (44 )   59  

Other

    (152 )   (71 )
           

Net change in noncontrolling interests

  $ (55 ) $ 194  
           

Balance, end of period

  $ 1,893   $ 1,961  
           

Total equity

  $ 202,739   $ 188,738  
           

(1)
The adjustment to the opening balance for Retained earnings in 2012 represents the cumulative effect of adopting ASU 2010-26, Financial Services—Insurance (Topic 944): Accounting for Costs Associated with Acquiring or Renewing Insurance Contracts. See Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

(2)
Common dividends declared were $0.01 per share in the first, second and third quarters of 2013 and 2012.

(3)
Primarily consists of open market purchases under Citi's Board of Directors-approved common stock repurchase program. Also includes treasury stock related to (i) activity on employee stock option program exercises where the employee delivers existing shares to cover the option exercise, or (ii) under Citi's employee restricted or deferred stock programs where shares are withheld to satisfy tax requirements.

The Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

113



CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)

Citigroup Inc. and Subsidiaries

 
  Nine months ended September 30,  
In millions of dollars   2013   2012  

Cash flows from operating activities of continuing operations

             

Net income before attribution of noncontrolling interests

  $ 11,394   $ 6,536  

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests

    177     191  
           

Citigroup's net income

  $ 11,217   $ 6,345  

Income from discontinued operations, net of taxes

    54     28  

Gain (loss) on sale, net of taxes

    35     (1 )
           

Income from continuing operations—excluding noncontrolling interests

  $ 11,128   $ 6,318  

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities of continuing operations

             

Depreciation and amortization

    2,451     2,264  

Provision for credit losses

    5,807     7,852  

Realized gains from sales of investments

    (764 )   (2,813 )

Net impairment losses recognized in earnings

    462     4,903  

Change in trading account assets

    29,207     (23,467 )

Change in trading account liabilities

    6,499     3,908  

Change in federal funds sold and securities borrowed or purchased under agreements to resell

    (12,368 )   (1,693 )

Change in federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase

    5,151     25,997  

Change in brokerage receivables net of brokerage payables

    (2,507 )   (9,279 )

Change in loans held-for-sale

    2,621     2,192  

Change in other assets

    15,341     (35 )

Change in other liabilities

    (4,466 )   (2,070 )

Other, net

    737     (6,513 )
           

Total adjustments

  $ 48,171   $ 1,246  
           

Net cash provided by operating activities of continuing operations

  $ 59,299   $ 7,564  
           

Cash flows from investing activities of continuing operations

             

Change in deposits with banks

  $ (70,525 ) $ (14,244 )

Change in loans

    (17,133 )   (13,555 )

Proceeds from sales and securitizations of loans

    7,589     4,874  

Purchases of investments

    (170,666 )   (188,566 )

Proceeds from sales of investments

    109,405     114,234  

Proceeds from maturities of investments

    64,657     80,193  

Capital expenditures on premises and equipment and capitalized software

    (2,349 )   (1,875 )

Proceeds from sales of premises and equipment, subsidiaries and affiliates, and repossessed assets

    455     876  
           

Net cash used in investing activities of continuing operations

  $ (78,567 ) $ (18,063 )
           

Cash flows from financing activities of continuing operations

             

Dividends paid

  $ (214 ) $ (104 )

Issuance of preferred stock

    2,775      

Redemption of preferred stock

    (94 )    

Treasury stock acquired

    (619 )   (4 )

Stock tendered for payment of withholding taxes

    (451 )   (194 )

Issuance of long-term debt

    41,765     23,819  

Payments and redemptions of long-term debt

    (51,164 )   (81,746 )

Change in deposits

    24,900     78,708  

Change in short-term borrowings

    159     (5,027 )
           

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities of continuing operations

  $ 17,057   $ 15,452  
           

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

  $ (1,432 ) $ 148  
           

Change in cash and due from banks

  $ (3,643 ) $ 5,101  

Cash and due from banks at beginning of year

    36,453     28,701  
           

Cash and due from banks at end of period

  $ 32,810   $ 33,802  
           

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information for continuing operations

             

Cash paid during the period for income taxes

  $ 3,253   $ 2,582  

Cash paid during the period for interest

  $ 10,519   $ 15,185  
           

Non-cash investing activities

             

Increase in corporate loans due to consolidation of a commercial paper conduit

  $ 6,718   $  

Transfers to OREO and other repossessed assets

    229     391  
           

Non-cash financing activities

             

Increase in short-term borrowings due to consolidation of a commercial paper conduit

  $ 6,718   $  
           

The Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1.     BASIS OF PRESENTATION

        The accompanying unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements as of September 30, 2013 and for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 include the accounts of Citigroup Inc. (Citigroup) and its subsidiaries (collectively, the Company, Citi or Citigroup). In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation have been reflected. The accompanying unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes included in Citigroup's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012 (2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K) and Citigroup's Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended June 30, 2013 and March 31, 2013.

        Certain financial information that is normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), but is not required for interim reporting purposes, has been condensed or omitted.

        Management must make estimates and assumptions that affect the Consolidated Financial Statements and the related footnote disclosures. While management makes its best judgment, actual results could differ from those estimates. Current market conditions increase the risk and complexity of the judgments in these estimates.

        Throughout these Notes, "Citigroup," "Citi" and the "Company" refer to Citigroup Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

        Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior-period's financial statements and notes to conform to the current period's presentation.

        As noted above, the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are unaudited.


Principles of Consolidation

        The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Citigroup and its subsidiaries prepared in accordance with GAAP. The Company consolidates subsidiaries in which it holds, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the voting rights or where it exercises control. Entities where the Company holds 20% to 50% of the voting rights and/or has the ability to exercise significant influence, other than investments of designated venture capital subsidiaries or investments accounted for at fair value under the fair value option, are accounted for under the equity method, and the pro rata share of their income (loss) is included in Other revenue. Income from investments in less than 20%-owned companies is recognized when dividends are received. As discussed in more detail in Note 19 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, Citigroup consolidates entities deemed to be variable interest entities when Citigroup is determined to be the primary beneficiary. Gains and losses on the disposition of branches, subsidiaries, affiliates, buildings, and other investments are included in Other revenue.


Citibank, N.A.

        Citibank, N.A. is a commercial bank and wholly owned subsidiary of Citigroup Inc. Citibank's principal offerings include: Consumer finance, mortgage lending, and retail banking products and services; investment banking, commercial banking, cash management, trade finance and e-commerce products and services; and private banking products and services.


Significant Accounting Policies

        The Company's accounting policies are fundamental to understanding management's discussion and analysis of results of operations and financial condition. The Company has identified six policies as being significant because they require management to make subjective and/or complex judgments about matters that are inherently uncertain. These policies relate to Valuations of Financial Instruments, Allowance for Credit Losses, Securitizations, Goodwill, Income Taxes and Litigation Accruals. The Company, in consultation with the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors, has reviewed and approved these significant accounting policies, which are further described under "Significant Accounting Policies and Significant Estimates" and Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company's 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

115



ACCOUNTING CHANGES

OIS Benchmark Rate

        In July 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-10, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Inclusion of the Fed Funds Effective Swap Rate (or Overnight Index Swap Rate) as a Benchmark Interest Rate for Hedge Accounting Purposes. This ASU permits the Fed funds effective swap rate (OIS) to be used as a U.S. benchmark interest rate, in addition to the U.S. Treasury rate and LIBOR, for hedge accounting purposes. The ASU also permits using different benchmark rates for similar hedges.

        This ASU is effective immediately and may only be applied on a prospective basis for qualifying new or redesignated hedging relationships entered into on or after July 17, 2013. As a result of implementing the ASU, the Company will have greater flexibility in designating hedge relationships in the future.


Remeasurement of Significant Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans

        In the second quarter of 2013, the Company changed the method of accounting for its most significant pension and postretirement benefit plans (Significant Plans) such that plan obligations, plan assets and periodic plan expense will be remeasured and disclosed quarterly, instead of annually. The effect of remeasuring the Significant Plan obligations and assets by updating plan actuarial assumptions on a quarterly basis will also be reflected in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and periodic plan expense. The Significant Plans capture approximately 80% of the Company's global pension and postretirement plan obligations at December 31, 2012. All other plans (All Other Plans) will continue to be remeasured annually. Quarterly measurement for the Significant Plans provides a more timely measurement of the funded status and periodic plan expense for the Company's significant pension and postretirement benefit plans.

        The cumulative effect of this change in accounting policy was an approximate $20 million (pretax) decrease in net periodic plan expense in the second quarter of 2013, as well as a pretax increase of approximately $22 million to Accumulated other comprehensive income as of April 1, 2013. The change in accounting methodology had an immaterial impact on prior periods. For additional information, see Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.


Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

        In February 2013, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2013-02, Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reporting of Amounts Reclassified out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, which required new footnote disclosures of items reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (AOCI) to net income. The requirements became effective for the first quarter of 2013 and are included in Note 17 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.


Testing Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets for Impairment

        In July 2012, the FASB issued ASU No. 2012-02, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Testing Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets for Impairment. The ASU is intended to simplify the guidance for testing the decline in the realizable value (impairment) of indefinite-lived intangible assets other than goodwill. Some examples of intangible assets subject to the guidance include indefinite-lived trademarks, licenses and distribution rights. The ASU allows companies to perform a qualitative assessment about the likelihood of impairment of an indefinite-lived intangible asset to determine whether further impairment testing is necessary, similar in approach to the goodwill impairment test. The ASU became effective for annual and interim impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2012.

        In performing the annual impairment analysis for indefinite-lived intangible assets in July 2013, Citi elected to bypass the optional qualitative assessment described above, choosing instead to perform a quantitative analysis.


Offsetting

        In December 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-11, Balance Sheet (Topic 210): Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities. The ASU requires new disclosures for derivatives, resale and repurchase agreements, and securities borrowing and lending transactions that are either offset in the balance sheet (presented on a net basis) or subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement or similar arrangement. The standard requires disclosures that provide incremental gross and net information in the current notes to the financial statements for the relevant assets and liabilities. The ASU did not change the existing offsetting eligibility criteria or the permitted balance sheet presentation for those instruments that meet the eligibility criteria. The new incremental disclosure requirements became effective for Citigroup on January 1, 2013 and are required to be presented retrospectively for prior periods. The incremental requirements can be found in Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for resale and repurchase agreements and securities borrowing and lending transactions and Note 20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for derivatives.


OCC Chapter 7 Bankruptcy Guidance

        In the third quarter of 2012, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) issued guidance relating to the accounting for mortgage loans discharged through bankruptcy proceedings pursuant to Chapter 7 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code (Chapter 7 bankruptcy). Under this OCC guidance, the discharged loans are accounted for as troubled debt restructurings (TDRs). These TDRs, other than FHA-insured loans, are written down to their collateral value less cost to sell. FHA-insured loans are reserved for based on a discounted cash flow model. As a result of implementing this guidance, Citigroup recorded an incremental $635 million of charge-offs in the third quarter of 2012, the vast majority of which related to loans that were current. These charge-offs were substantially offset by a related loan loss reserve release of approximately $600 million, with a net reduction in pretax income of $35 million. In the fourth quarter of 2012, Citigroup recorded a benefit to charge-offs of approximately $40 million related to finalizing the impact of this OCC guidance. Furthermore, as a result of this OCC guidance, TDRs increased by $1.7 billion, and non-accrual loans increased by $1.5 billion in the third quarter of 2012 ($1.3 billion of which was current).


Presentation of Comprehensive Income

        In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-05, Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Presentation of Comprehensive Income. The ASU requires an entity to present the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income, and the components of Other Comprehensive Income (OCI) either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. Citigroup selected the two-statement approach. Under this approach, Citi is required to present components of net income and total net income in the Statement of Income. The Statement of Comprehensive Income follows the Statement of Income and includes the components of OCI and a total for OCI, along with a total for comprehensive income. The ASU removed the option of reporting OCI in the statement of changes in stockholders'

116


equity. This ASU became effective for Citigroup on January 1, 2012 and a Statement of Comprehensive Income is included in these Consolidated Financial Statements.


Fair Value Measurement

        In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-04, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRS. The ASU created a common definition of fair value for GAAP and IFRS and aligned the measurement and disclosure requirements. It required significant additional disclosures both of a qualitative and quantitative nature, particularly for those instruments measured at fair value that are classified in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. Additionally, the ASU provided guidance on when it is appropriate to measure fair value on a portfolio basis and expanded the prohibition on valuation adjustments where the size of the Company's position is a characteristic of the adjustment from Level 1 to all levels of the fair value hierarchy.

        The ASU became effective for Citigroup on January 1, 2012. As a result of implementing the prohibition on valuation adjustments where the size of the Company's position is a characteristic, the Company released reserves of approximately $125 million, increasing pretax income in the first quarter of 2012.


Deferred Asset Acquisition Costs

        In October 2010, the FASB issued ASU No. 2010-26, Financial Services—Insurance (Topic 944): Accounting for Costs Associated with Acquiring or Renewing Insurance Contracts. The ASU amended the guidance for insurance entities that required deferral and subsequent amortization of certain costs incurred during the acquisition of new or renewed insurance contracts, commonly referred to as deferred acquisition costs (DAC). The new guidance limited DAC to those costs directly related to the successful acquisition of insurance contracts; all other acquisition-related costs must be expensed as incurred. Under prior guidance, DAC consisted of those costs that vary with, and primarily relate to, the acquisition of insurance contracts.

        The ASU became effective for Citigroup on January 1, 2012 and was adopted using the retrospective method. As a result of implementing the ASU, in the first quarter of 2012, DAC was reduced by approximately $165 million and a $58 million deferred tax asset was recorded with an offset to opening retained earnings of $107 million (net of tax).


FUTURE APPLICATION OF ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

Investment Companies

        In June 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-08, Financial Services—Investment Companies (Topic 946): Amendments to the Scope, Measurement, and Disclosure Requirements. This ASU introduces a new approach for assessing whether an entity is an investment company. To determine whether an entity is an investment company for accounting purposes, Citi will now be required to evaluate the fundamental and typical characteristics of the entity including its purpose and design.

        The amendments in the ASU will be effective for Citi in the first quarter of 2014. Earlier application is prohibited. The Company is evaluating the impact of adopting this ASU.


Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carryforward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carryforward Exists

        In July 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-11, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carryforward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carryforward Exists (a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force). As a result of applying this ASU, an unrecognized tax benefit should be presented as a reduction of a deferred tax asset for a net operating loss (NOL) or other tax credit carryforward when settlement in this manner is available under the tax law. The assessment of whether settlement is available under the tax law would be based on facts and circumstances as of the balance sheet reporting date and would not consider future events (e.g., upcoming expiration of related NOL carryforwards). This classification should not affect an entity's analysis of the realization of its deferred tax assets. Gross presentation in the rollforward of unrecognized tax positions in the notes to the financial statements would still be required.

        This ASU is effective for Citi in its 2014 fiscal year, and may be applied on a prospective basis to all unrecognized tax benefits that exist at the effective date. Citi has the option to apply the ASU retrospectively. Early adoption is also permitted. The impact of adopting this ASU is not expected to be material to Citi.

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Accounting for Financial Instruments—Credit Losses

        In December 2012, the FASB issued a proposed ASU, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses. This proposed ASU, or exposure draft, was issued for public comment in order to allow stakeholders the opportunity to review the proposal and provide comments to the FASB, and does not constitute accounting guidance until a final ASU is issued.

        The exposure draft contains proposed guidance developed by the FASB with the goal of improving financial reporting about expected credit losses on loans, securities and other financial assets held by banks, financial institutions, and other public and private organizations. The exposure draft proposes a new accounting model intended to require earlier recognition of credit losses, while also providing additional transparency about credit risk.

        The FASB's proposed model would utilize a single "expected credit loss" measurement objective for the recognition of credit losses at the time the financial asset is originated or acquired, replacing the multiple existing impairment models in GAAP which generally require that a loss be "incurred" before it is recognized.

        The FASB's proposed model represents a significant departure from existing GAAP, and may result in material changes to the Company's accounting for financial instruments. The impact of the FASB's final ASU to the Company's financial statements will be assessed when it is issued. The exposure draft does not contain a proposed effective date; this would be included in the final ASU, when issued.


Other Potential Amendments to Current Accounting Standards

        The FASB and IASB, either jointly or separately, are currently working on several major projects, including amendments to existing accounting standards governing financial instruments, leases and consolidation. In particular, as part of the joint financial instruments project, the FASB has issued a proposed ASU that would result in significant changes to the guidance for recognition and measurement of financial instruments, in addition to the proposed ASU that would change the accounting for credit losses on financial instruments discussed above. The FASB is also working on a joint project that would require substantially all leases to be capitalized on the balance sheet. Additionally, the FASB has issued a proposal on principal-agent considerations that would change the way the Company needs to evaluate whether to consolidate VIEs and non-VIE partnerships. The principal-agent consolidation proposal would require all VIEs, including those that are investment companies, to be evaluated for consolidation under the same requirements.

        The FASB recently issued a proposed ASU relating to the accounting for insurance contracts that would include in its scope many contracts currently accounted for as financial instruments and guarantees.

        All of these projects may have significant impacts for the Company. Upon completion of the standards, the Company will need to re-evaluate its accounting and disclosures. However, due to ongoing deliberations of the standard setters, the Company is currently unable to determine the effect of future amendments or proposals.

118


2.     DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

Sale of Brazil Credicard business

        On May 14, 2013, Citi entered into a definitive agreement to sell Credicard, its non-Citibank branded cards and consumer finance business in Brazil (Brazil Credicard), which is part of the Global Consumer Banking segment, for approximately $1.24 billion to Banco Itau Unibanco. The sale is currently expected to result in an after-tax gain of approximately $250 million upon closing (expected to occur by early 2014, subject to Brazilian regulatory approvals). Citi will retain its Citi-branded and Diners credit cards, along with certain affluent segments currently associated with Credicard, which will be re-branded as Citi.

        Brazil Credicard is reported as discontinued operations for the current and all historical periods.

        The following is a summary as of September 30, 2013 of the assets held for sale on the Consolidated Balance Sheet related to Brazil Credicard:

In millions of dollars   September 30, 2013  

Assets

       

Deposits at interest with banks

  $ 82  

Loans (net allowance of $359)

    2,699  

Goodwill and intangible assets

    267  

Other assets

    272  
       

Total assets

  $ 3,320  
       

        Summarized financial information for Discontinued operations for the credit card operations related to Brazil Credicard follows:

 
  Three Months Ended
Sept. 30,
  Nine Months Ended
Sept. 30,
 
In millions of dollars   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Total revenues, net of interest expense

  $ 223   $ 248   $ 738   $ 788  
                   

Income from discontinued operations

  $ 36   $ 45   $ 143   $ 76  

Income taxes

    12     6     49     12  
                   

Income from discontinued operations, net of taxes

  $ 24   $ 39   $ 94   $ 64  
                   


Sale of Certain Citi Capital Advisors Business

        During the third quarter of 2012, the Company executed definitive agreements to transition a carve-out of its liquid strategies business within Citi Capital Advisors (CCA), which is part of the Institutional Clients Group segment, to certain employees responsible for managing those operations. This transition occurred pursuant to two separate transactions, creating two separate management companies, with each such transaction accounted for as a sale. At the close of the first transaction in February 2013, Citigroup retained a 24.9% passive equity interest in the management company created as a result of the sale (which will continue to be held in Citi's Institutional Clients Group segment). The second transaction closed in August 2013.

        This sale is reported as discontinued operations for the second half of 2012 and forward. Prior periods were not reclassified due to the immateriality of the impact in those periods.

        Summarized financial information for Discontinued operations for the operations related to CCA follows:

 
  Three Months Ended
Sept. 30,
  Nine Months Ended
Sept. 30,
 
In millions of dollars   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Total revenues, net of interest expense

  $ 8   $ 11   $ 73   $ 11  
                   

Loss from discontinued operations

  $ (21 ) $ (45 ) $ (152 ) $ (45 )

Gain on sale

    6         62      

Benefit for income taxes

    (5 )   (16 )   (28 )   (16 )
                   

Loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes

  $ (10 ) $ (29 ) $ (62 ) $ (29 )
                   

119



Sale of Egg Banking plc Credit Card Business

        On March 1, 2011, the Company announced that Egg Banking plc (Egg), an indirect subsidiary that was part of Citi Holdings, entered into a definitive agreement to sell its credit card business to Barclays PLC. The sale closed on April 28, 2011.

        This sale is reported as discontinued operations for 2011 and forward; 2010 was not reclassified due to the immateriality of the impact in that period. An after-tax gain on sale of $126 million was recognized upon closing. Egg operations had total assets and total liabilities of approximately $2.7 billion and $39 million, respectively, at the time of sale.

        Summarized financial information for Discontinued operations for the credit card operations related to Egg follows:

 
  Three Months Ended
September 30,
  Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
In millions of dollars   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Total revenues, net of interest expense

  $   $   $   $ 1  
                   

Loss from discontinued operations

  $ (9 ) $ (1 ) $ (37 ) $ (4 )

Loss on sale

                (1 )

Benefit for income taxes

    (3 )   (1 )   (13 )   (2 )
                   

Loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes

  $ (6 ) $   $ (24 ) $ (3 )
                   


Audit of Citi German Consumer Tax Group

        Citi sold its German retail banking operations in 2007 and reported them as discontinued operations. During the third quarter of 2013, German tax authorities concluded their audit of Citi's German Consumer tax group for the years 2005-2008. This resolution resulted in a pretax benefit of $27 million and a tax benefit of $57 million ($85 million total net income benefit) during the third quarter of 2013, all of which was included in discontinued operations.


Combined Results for Discontinued Operations

        The following is summarized financial information for Brazil Credicard, CCA, Egg, the German tax benefit and previous discontinued operations, for which Citi continues to have minimal residual costs associated with the sales.

 
  Three Months Ended
September 30,
  Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
In millions of dollars   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Total revenues, net of interest expense

  $ 231   $ 259   $ 811   $ 800  
                   

Income from discontinued operations

  $ 33   $ (1 ) $ (19 ) $ 27  

Gain (loss) on sale

    6         62     (1 )

Provision for income taxes (benefits)

    (53 )   (9 )   (46 )   (1 )
                   

Income from discontinued operations, net of taxes

  $ 92   $ 8   $ 89   $ 27  
                   

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3.     BUSINESS SEGMENTS

        Citigroup is a diversified bank holding company whose businesses provide a broad range of financial services to Consumer and Corporate customers around the world. The Company's activities are conducted through the Global Consumer Banking (GCB), Institutional Clients Group (ICG), Corporate/Other and Citi Holdings business segments.

        The GCB segment includes a global, full-service Consumer franchise delivering a wide array of banking, credit card lending and investment services through a network of local branches, offices and electronic delivery systems and is composed of four Regional Consumer Banking businesses: North America, EMEA, Latin America and Asia.

        The ICG segment is composed of Securities and Banking and Transaction Services and provides corporate, institutional, public sector and high net-worth clients in approximately 100 countries with a broad range of banking and financial products and services.

        The Corporate/Other segment includes net treasury results, unallocated corporate expenses, offsets to certain line-item reclassifications (eliminations), the results of discontinued operations and unallocated taxes.

        The Citi Holdings segment contains businesses and portfolios of assets that Citigroup has determined are not central to its core Citicorp businesses, consisting primarily of certain North America Consumer loans originated by CitiMortgage and CitiFinancial North America and certain international Consumer lending (including Western Europe retail banking and cards and Japan Consumer Finance) and certain portfolios of securities, loans and other assets and retail alternative investments.

        The accounting policies of these reportable segments are the same as those disclosed in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Citi's 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

        The prior-period balances reflect reclassifications to conform the presentation in those periods to the current period's presentation. Reclassifications during the second quarter of 2013 related to the reporting of Citi's announced sale of its Brazil Credicard business as discontinued operations for all periods presented. Reclassifications during the first quarter of 2013 related to the re-allocation of certain administrative and funding costs among Citi's businesses.

        The following table presents certain information regarding the Company's continuing operations by segment:

 
  Total revenues,
net of interest expense(1)
  Provision (benefit)
for income taxes
  Income (loss) from
continuing operations(2)
  Identifiable assets  
 
  Three Months Ended September 30,    
   
 
In millions of dollars, except identifiable assets in billions   September 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012
 
  2013   2012   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Global Consumer Banking

  $ 9,235   $ 9,915   $ 850   $ 1,038   $ 1,626   $ 2,107   $ 401   $ 404  

Institutional Clients Group

    7,362     7,466     633     622     1,795     2,007     1,060     1,062  

Corporate/Other(3)

    31     1     (264 )   (687 )   (137 )   (76 )   317     243  
                                   

Total Citicorp

  $ 16,628   $ 17,382   $ 1,219   $ 973   $ 3,284   $ 4,038   $ 1,778   $ 1,709  

Citi Holdings

    1,252     (3,679 )   (139 ) $ (2,467 )   (98 )   (3,553 )   122     156  
                                   

Total

  $ 17,880   $ 13,703   $ 1,080   $ (1,494 ) $ 3,186   $ 485   $ 1,900   $ 1,865  
                                   

 

 
  Total revenues,
net of interest expense(1)
  Provision (benefit)
for income taxes
  Income (loss) from
continuing operations(2)
 
 
  Nine Months Ended September 30,  
In millions of dollars, except identifiable assets in billions   2013   2012   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Global Consumer Banking

  $ 28,695   $ 29,143   $ 2,848   $ 3,054   $ 5,498   $ 6,238  

Institutional Clients Group

    26,519     23,751     3,515     2,020     8,110     6,604  

Corporate/Other

    127     176     (551 )   (1,126 )   (847 )   (854 )
                           

Total Citicorp

  $ 55,341   $ 53,070   $ 5,812   $ 3,948   $ 12,761   $ 11,988  

Citi Holdings

    3,245     (1,859 )   (1,035 )   (3,727 )   (1,456 )   (5,479 )
                           

Total

  $ 58,586   $ 51,211   $ 4,777   $ 221   $ 11,305   $ 6,509  
                           

(1)
Includes Citicorp total revenues, net of interest expense, in North America of $7.2 billion and $7.6 billion; in EMEA of $2.5 billion and $2.7 billion; in Latin America of $3.4 billion and $3.4 billion; and in Asia of $3.5 billion and $3.7 billion for the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Includes Citicorp total revenues, net of interest expense, in North America of $24.2 billion and $22.6 billion; in EMEA of $9.1 billion and $8.8 billion; in Latin America of $10.4 billion and $10.0 billion; and in Asia of $11.5 billion and $11.5 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Regional numbers exclude Citi Holdings and Corporate/Other, which largely operate within the U.S.

(2)
Includes pretax provisions (credits) for credit losses and for benefits and claims in GCB of $1.7 billion and $1.5 billion; in ICG of $139 million and $(32) million; and in Citi Holdings of $0.1 billion and $1.2 billion for the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Includes pretax provisions (credits) for credit losses and for benefits and claims in GCB of $5.0 billion and $4.3 billion; in ICG of $174 million and $192 million; and in Citi Holdings of $1.3 billion and $3.7 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

(3)
Includes Assets of discontinued operations held for sale.

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4.     INTEREST REVENUE AND EXPENSE

        For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively, Interest revenue and Interest expense consisted of the following:

 
  Three Months Ended
September 30,
  Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
In millions of dollars   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Interest revenue

                         

Loan interest, including fees

  $ 11,308   $ 11,976   $ 34,033   $ 35,991  

Deposits with banks

    255     294     763     988  

Federal funds sold and securities borrowed or purchased under agreements to resell

    617     825     2,007     2,670  

Investments, including dividends

    1,689     1,882     5,178     5,646  

Trading account assets(1)

    1,491     1,616     4,790     5,008  

Other interest

    103     144     492     414  
                   

Total interest revenue

  $ 15,463   $ 16,737   $ 47,263   $ 50,717  
                   

Interest expense

                         

Deposits(2)

  $ 1,490   $ 1,917   $ 4,749   $ 5,860  

Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase

    561     713     1,800     2,161  

Trading account liabilities(1)

    46     46     131     151  

Short-term borrowings

    150     173     461     564  

Long-term debt

    1,705     2,177     5,299     7,211  
                   

Total interest expense

  $ 3,952   $ 5,026   $ 12,440   $ 15,947  
                   

Net interest revenue

  $ 11,511   $ 11,711   $ 34,823   $ 34,770  

Provision for loan losses

    1,652     2,436     5,693     7,620  
                   

Net interest revenue after provision for loan losses

  $ 9,859   $ 9,275   $ 29,130   $ 27,150  
                   

(1)
Interest expense on Trading account liabilities of ICG is reported as a reduction of interest revenue from Trading account assets.

(2)
Includes deposit insurance fees and charges of $267 million and $290 million for three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively, and $855 million and $959 million for nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

122


5.     COMMISSIONS AND FEES

        The table below sets forth Citigroup's Commissions and fees revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The primary components of Commissions and fees revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 were credit card and bank card fees, investment banking fees, trading-related fees and Transaction Services.

        Credit card and bank card fees are primarily composed of interchange revenue and certain card fees, including annual fees, reduced by reward program costs and certain partner payments. Interchange revenue and fees are recognized when earned, except for annual card fees, which are deferred and amortized on a straight-line basis over a 12-month period. Reward costs are recognized when points are earned by the customers.

        Investment banking fees are substantially composed of underwriting and advisory revenues. Investment banking fees are recognized when Citigroup's performance under the terms of the contractual arrangements is completed, which is typically at the closing of the transaction. Underwriting revenue is recorded in Commissions and fees, net of both reimbursable and non-reimbursable expenses, consistent with the AICPA Audit and Accounting Guide for Brokers and Dealers in Securities (codified in ASC 940-605-05-1). Expenses associated with advisory transactions are recorded in Other operating expenses, net of client reimbursements. Out-of-pocket expenses are deferred and recognized at the time the related revenue is recognized. In general, expenses incurred related to investment banking transactions that fail to close (are not consummated) are recorded gross in Other operating expenses.

        Trading-related fees primarily include commissions and fees from the following: executing transactions for clients on exchanges and over-the-counter markets; sale of mutual funds, insurance and other annuity products; and assisting clients in clearing transactions, providing brokerage services and other such activities. Trading-related fees are recognized when earned in Commissions and fees. Gains or losses, if any, on these transactions are included in Principal transactions (see Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).

        The following table presents Commissions and fees revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30:

 
  Three Months Ended
September 30,
  Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
In millions of dollars   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Credit cards and bank cards

  $ 609   $ 705   $ 1,865   $ 2,051  

Investment banking

    712     822     2,481     2,128  

Trading-related

    603     535     1,962     1,695  

Transaction services

    462     426     1,381     1,313  

Other Consumer(1)

    208     241     666     680  

Checking-related

    132     150     410     464  

Loan servicing

    136     108     388     209  

Corporate finance(2)

    124     136     415     379  

Other

    109     135     350     458  
                   

Total commissions and fees

  $ 3,095   $ 3,258   $ 9,918   $ 9,377  
                   

(1)
Primarily consists of fees for investment fund administration and management, third-party collections, commercial demand deposit accounts and certain credit card services.

(2)
Consists primarily of fees earned from structuring and underwriting loan syndications.

123


6.     PRINCIPAL TRANSACTIONS

        Principal transactions revenue consists of realized and unrealized gains and losses from trading activities. Trading activities include revenues from fixed income, equities, credit and commodities products, and foreign exchange transactions. Not included in the table below is the impact of net interest revenue related to trading activities, which is an integral part of trading activities' profitability. See Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for information about net interest revenue related to trading activity. Principal transactions include CVA (credit valuation adjustment on derivatives) and DVA (debt valuation adjustments on issued debt earned at fair value).

        The following table presents principal transactions revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30:

 
  Three Months Ended
September 30,
  Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
In millions of dollars   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Global Consumer Banking

  $ 209   $ 204   $ 663   $ 619  

Institutional Clients Group

    814     731     5,636     4,081  

Corporate/Other

    55     55     (110 )   (109 )
                   

Subtotal Citicorp

  $ 1,078   $ 990   $ 6,189   $ 4,591  
                   

Citi Holdings

    23     (14 )   (1 )   (44 )
                   

Total Citigroup

  $ 1,101   $ 976   $ 6,188   $ 4,547  
                   

Interest rate contracts(1)

  $ 451   $ 427   $ 3,580   $ 2,289  

Foreign exchange contracts(2)

    558     676     1,673     1,880  

Equity contracts(3)

    27     (43 )   407     303  

Commodity and other contracts(4)

    16     8     223     71  

Credit derivatives(5)

    49     (92 )   305     4  
                   

Total

  $ 1,101   $ 976   $ 6,188   $ 4,547  
                   

(1)
Includes revenues from government securities and corporate debt, municipal securities, preferred stock, mortgage securities and other debt instruments. Also includes spot and forward trading of currencies and exchange-traded and over-the-counter (OTC) currency options, options on fixed income securities, interest rate swaps, currency swaps, swap options, caps and floors, financial futures, OTC options and forward contracts on fixed income securities.

(2)
Includes revenues from foreign exchange spot, forward, option and swap contracts, as well as FX translation gains and losses.

(3)
Includes revenues from common, preferred and convertible preferred stock, convertible corporate debt, equity-linked notes and exchange-traded and OTC equity options and warrants.

(4)
Primarily includes revenues from crude oil, refined oil products, natural gas and other commodities trades.

(5)
Includes revenues from structured credit products.

124


7.     INCENTIVE PLANS

        All equity awards granted since April 19, 2005 have been made pursuant to stockholder-approved stock incentive plans that are administered by the Personnel and Compensation Committee of the Citigroup Board of Directors, which is composed entirely of independent non-employee directors. For additional information on Citi's incentive plans, see Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Citi's 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K, and Note 7 in Citi's First and Second Quarter 2013 Forms 10-Q.

125


8.     RETIREMENT BENEFITS

        For additional information on Citi's retirement benefits, see Note 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company's 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Pension and Postretirement Plans

        The Company has several non-contributory defined benefit pension plans covering certain U.S. employees and has various defined benefit pension and termination indemnity plans covering employees outside the United States. The U.S. qualified defined benefit plan was frozen effective January 1, 2008 for most employees. Accordingly, no additional compensation-based contributions were credited to the cash balance portion of the plan for existing plan participants after 2007. However, certain employees covered under the prior final pay plan formula continue to accrue benefits. The Company also offers postretirement health care and life insurance benefits to certain eligible U.S. retired employees, as well as to certain eligible employees outside the United States.

        Beginning in the second quarter of 2013, the Company utilizes a quarterly, rather than annual, measurement for the Significant Plans (as defined in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). For All Other Plans (as defined in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements), the Company will continue to utilize an annual measurement approach.

Net (Benefit) Expense

        The following table summarizes the components of net (benefit) expense recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Income for the Company's U.S. qualified and nonqualified pension plans, postretirement plans and plans outside the United States.

 
  Three Months Ended September 30,  
 
  Pension plans   Postretirement benefit plans  
 
  U.S. plans   Non-U.S. plans   U.S. plans   Non-U.S. plans  
In millions of dollars   2013   2012   2013   2012   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Benefits earned during the period

  $   $ 3   $ 51   $ 50   $   $   $ 6   $ 7  

Interest cost on benefit obligation

    140     141     95     93     8     11     31     29  

Expected return on plan assets

    (216 )   (224 )   (93 )   (101 )   1     (1 )   (29 )   (27 )

Amortization of unrecognized

                                                 

Prior service cost (benefit)

    (1 )       2     1     (1 )            

Net actuarial loss

    23     24     24     19         1     9     6  

Curtailment loss

    17             4                  

Special termination benefits

            1                      
                                   

Net qualified plans (benefit) expense

  $ (37 ) $ (56 ) $ 80   $ 66   $ 8   $ 11   $ 17   $ 15  
                                   

U.S. nonqualified plans expense

  $ 10   $ 11   $   $   $   $   $   $  
                                   

Total net (benefit) expense

  $ (27 ) $ (45 ) $ 80   $ 66   $ 8   $ 11   $ 17   $ 15  
                                   

Cumulative effect of change in accounting policy(1)

  $   $   $   $   $   $   $   $  
                                   

Total adjusted net (benefit) expense

  $ (27 ) $ (45 ) $ 80   $ 66   $ 8   $ 11   $ 17   $ 15  
                                   

 

 
  Nine Months Ended September 30,  
 
  Pension plans   Postretirement benefit plans  
 
  U.S. plans   Non-U.S. plans   U.S. plans   Non-U.S. plans  
In millions of dollars   2013   2012   2013   2012   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Benefits earned during the period

  $ 6   $ 9   $ 158   $ 150   $   $   $ 31   $ 21  

Interest cost on benefit obligation

    398     423     287     277     25     33     107     87  

Expected return on plan assets

    (645 )   (672 )   (298 )   (302 )   (1 )   (3 )   (101 )   (81 )

Amortization of unrecognized

                                                 

Prior service cost (benefit)

    (3 )       4     3     (1 )   (1 )        

Net actuarial loss

    82     72     70     58         3     31     19  

Curtailment loss

    17             12                  

Special termination benefits

            1                      
                                   

Net qualified plans (benefit) expense

  $ (145 ) $ (168 ) $ 222   $ 198   $ 23   $ 32   $ 68   $ 46  
                                   

U.S. nonqualified plans expense

  $ 34   $ 31   $   $   $   $   $   $  
                                   

Total net (benefit) expense

  $ (111 ) $ (137 ) $ 222   $ 198   $ 23   $ 32   $ 68   $ 46  
                                   

Cumulative effect of change in accounting policy(1)

  $ (23 ) $   $   $   $   $   $ 3   $  
                                   

Total adjusted net (benefit) expense

  $ (134 ) $ (137 ) $ 222   $ 198   $ 23   $ 32   $ 71   $ 46  
                                   

(1)
See Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on the change in accounting policy.

126


Funded Status and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

        The following table summarizes the funded status and amounts recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheet for the Company's Significant Plans.

Net Amount Recognized

 
  Nine Months Ended September 30,  
 
  Pension plans   Postretirement plans  
In millions of dollars   U.S. plans   Non-U.S. plans   U.S. plans   Non-U.S. plans  

Change in projected benefit obligation (PBO)

                         

Projected benefit obligation at the beginning of the period(1)

  $ 12,198   $ 3,687   $ 784   $ 1,468  

Benefits earned during the period

    1     12         5  

Interest cost on benefit obligation

    140     57     9     26  

Actuarial (gain) loss

    (109 )   (66 )   25     (151 )

Benefits paid net participant contributions

    (179 )   (44 )   (23 )   (13 )

Foreign exchange impact and other

        114         (15 )

Curtailment

    19              
                   

Projected benefit obligation at period end for Significant Plans

  $ 12,070   $ 3,760   $ 795   $ 1,320  
                   

Change in plan assets

                         

Plan assets at fair value at the beginning of the period for Significant Plans(1)

  $ 12,551   $ 3,979   $ 42   $ 1,386  

Actual return on plan assets

    (31 )   86         37  

Company contributions

        129     20     78  

Benefits paid

    (179 )   (44 )   (23 )   (13 )

Foreign exchange impact and other

        139         (16 )
                   

Plan assets at fair value at period end for Significant Plans

  $ 12,341   $ 4,289   $ 39   $ 1,472  
                   

Funded status of Significant Plans at period end

  $ 271   $ 529   $ (756 ) $ 152  
                   

Net amount recognized

                         

Benefit asset

  $ 271   $ 529   $   $ 152  

Benefit liability

            (756 )    
                   

Net amount recognized on the balance sheet

  $ 271   $ 529   $ (756 ) $ 152  
                   

Amounts recognized in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

                         

Prior service benefit

  $ (8 ) $ (2 ) $ (1 ) $ (3 )

Net actuarial loss (gain)

    4,185     1,188     (114 )   530  
                   

Net amount recognized in equity—pretax

  $ 4,177   $ 1,186   $ (115 ) $ 527  
                   

Accumulated benefit obligation at period end

  $ 12,054   $ 3,275   $ N/A   $ N/A  
                   

(1)
Only Significant Plans are measured quarterly. All Other Plans are only measured annually.

127


        The following table shows the change in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2013.

In millions of dollars(1)   Three Months
Ended
Sept. 30, 2013
  Nine Months
Ended
Sept. 30, 2013
 

Beginning of period balance, net of tax

  $ (4,615 ) $ (5,270 )
           

Cumulative effect of change in accounting policy

        (22 )

Actuarial assumptions changes and plan experience

    315     1,911  

Net asset gain due to actual returns exceeding expected returns

    (204 )   (1,141 )

Net amortizations

    64     209  

Prior service credit(2)

    161     161  

Curtailment/settlement impact

    (2 )   (2 )

Foreign exchange impact and other

    (8 )   207  

Change in deferred taxes, net

    (28 )   (370 )
           

Change, net of tax

  $ 298   $ 953  
           

End of period balance, net of tax(1)

  $ (4,317 ) $ (4,317 )
           

(1)
See Note 17 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of net Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) balance.

(2)
Relates to the modification to health continuation benefits for employees on long-term disability.

Plan Assumptions

        The Company utilizes a number of assumptions to determine plan obligations and expenses. Changes in one or a combination of these assumptions will have an impact on the Company's pension and postretirement benefit obligation, funded status and (benefit) expense. Changes in the plans' funded status resulting from unexpected changes in the projected benefit obligation and fair value of plan assets will have a corresponding impact on Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).

        As a result of the quarterly measurement of the Company's Significant Plans beginning in the second quarter of 2013, the obligations and assets of these plans are measured based on end-of-period discount rates and asset values, while benefit expense is measured based on beginning-of-period discount rates. Any material changes to all other assumptions for the Significant Plans during the quarterly period are updated during the period as necessary. If no material changes occur, these assumptions will remain the same as at the preceding period-end. All assumptions including discount rates for All Other Plans will continue to be the same as at the preceding year-end.

        The discount rates used in determining the pension and postretirement benefit obligations at September 30, 2013, June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, and the net benefit expenses for the Company's Significant Plans for the three months ended September 30, 2013 and June 30, 2013, and the year ended December 31, 2012, are shown in the table below. Discount rates at period end are utilized to value the period end benefit obligations and compute the benefit expense in the subsequent quarter.

At period ended(1)   Sept. 30,
2013
  Jun. 30,
2013
  Dec. 31,
2012

U.S. plans(2)

           

Pension

  4.80%   4.75%   3.90%

Postretirement

  4.30%   4.40   3.60

Non-U.S. plans

           

Pension

  4.50% to 8.90%   4.70 to 8.40   4.50 to 7.70

Weighted average

  6.49%   6.52   6.21

Postretirement

  8.90%   8.40   7.70

 

 
  Three months ended    
During the period(1)   Sept. 30,
2013
  Jun. 30,
2013
  Year ended
Dec. 31, 2012

U.S. plans(2)

           

Pension

  4.75%   4.20%   4.70%

Postretirement

  4.40   3.60   4.30

Non-U.S. plans

           

Pension

  4.70% to 8.40%   4.40 to 7.40   5.20 to 8.50

Weighted average

  6.52%   6.09   6.79

Postretirement

  8.40%   7.40   8.50

(1)
Per the quarterly remeasurement process, only discount rates for the Significant Plans are listed above. For plan assumptions for All Other Plans, please refer to Note 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company's 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

(2)
Weighted-average rates for the U.S. plans equal the stated rates.

Sensitivities of Certain Key Assumptions

        The following tables summarize the effect on the Company's Significant Plans pension expense of a one-percentage-point change in the discount rate:

 
  One-percentage-
point increase
 
In millions of dollars   2013   2012  

U.S. plans

  $ 16   $ 18  

Non-U.S. plans

    (26 )   (19 )

 

 
  One-percentage-
point decrease
 
In millions of dollars   2013   2012  

U.S. plans

  $ (56 ) $ (36 )

Non-U.S. plans

    34     25  

        Since the Company's U.S. qualified pension plan was frozen, the majority of the prospective service cost has been eliminated and the gain/loss amortization period was changed to the life expectancy for inactive participants. As a result, pension expense for the Company's U.S. qualified pension plan is driven more by interest costs than service costs, and an increase in the discount rate would increase pension expense, while a decrease in the discount rate would decrease pension expense.

128



Contributions

        The Company's funding practice for U.S. and non-U.S. pension plans is generally to fund to minimum funding requirements in accordance with applicable local laws and regulations. The Company may increase its contributions above the minimum required contribution, if deemed appropriate. In addition, management has the ability to change its funding practices. For the U.S. pension plans, there were no minimum required cash contributions during the third quarter of 2013.

        The following table summarizes the actual company contributions for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, as well as estimated expected company contributions for the remainder of 2013. Expected contributions are subject to change since contribution decisions are affected by various factors, such as market performance and regulatory requirements.


Summary of Company Contributions

 
  Pension plans   Postretirement benefit plans  
 
  U.S. plans(1)   Non-U.S. plans   U.S. plans   Non-U.S. plans  
In millions of dollars   2013   2012   2013   2012   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Company contributions(2) for the nine months ended September 30

  $ 32   $ 35   $ 282   $ 213   $ 49   $ 41   $ 244   $ 4  
                                   

Company contributions expected for the remainder of the year

  $ 11   $ 11   $ 57   $ 100   $ 16   $ 14   $ 1   $ 86  
                                   

(1)
The U.S. pension plans include qualified and nonqualified plans.

(2)
Company contributions are composed of cash contributions made to the plans and benefits paid directly to participants by the Company.


Defined Contribution Plans

        The Company sponsors defined contribution plans in the U.S. and in certain non-U.S. locations, all of which are administered in accordance with local laws. The most significant defined contribution plan is the Citigroup 401(k) Plan sponsored by the Company in the U.S.

        Under the Citigroup 401(k) Plan, eligible U.S. employees receive matching contributions of up to 6% of their eligible compensation for 2013 and 2012, subject to statutory limits. Additionally, for eligible employees whose eligible compensation is $100,000 or less, a fixed contribution of up to 2% of eligible compensation is provided. All company contributions are invested according to participants' individual elections. The pretax expense associated with this plan amounted to approximately $96 million and $98 million in the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, and $298 million and $294 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively.


Postemployment Plans

        The Company sponsors U.S. postemployment plans that provide income continuation and health and welfare benefits to certain eligible U.S. employees on long-term disability.

        The following table summarizes the components of net expense recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Income for the Company's U.S. postemployment plans.

 
  Three Months Ended
September 30,
  Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
In millions of dollars   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Service related expense

                         

Benefits earned during the year

    6     5     19     17  

Interest cost on benefit obligation

    3     4     9     11  

Amortization of unrecognized

                         

Prior service cost

    1     2     5     6  

Net actuarial loss

    4     3     10     9  
                   

Total service related expense

    14     14     43     43  
                   

Non-service related expense

    7     7     20     19  
                   

Total net expense

    21     21     63     62  
                   

129


9.     EARNINGS PER SHARE

        The following is a reconciliation of the income and share data used in the basic and diluted earnings per share (EPS) computations for the three and nine months ended September 30:

 
  Three Months Ended
September 30,
  Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
In millions, except per-share amounts   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Income from continuing operations before attribution of noncontrolling interests

  $ 3,186   $ 485   $ 11,305   $ 6,509  

Less: Noncontrolling interests from continuing operations

    51     25     177     191  
                   

Net income from continuing operations (for EPS purposes)

  $ 3,135   $ 460   $ 11,128   $ 6,318  

Income from discontinued operations, net of taxes

    92     8     89     27  
                   

Citigroup's net income

  $ 3,227   $ 468   $ 11,217   $ 6,345  

Less: Preferred dividends

    110     4     123     17  
                   

Net income available to common shareholders

  $ 3,117   $ 464   $ 11,094   $ 6,328  

Less: Dividends and undistributed earnings allocated to employee restricted and deferred shares with nonforfeitable rights to dividends, applicable to basic EPS

    61     11     217     138  
                   

Net income allocated to common shareholders for basic EPS

  $ 3,056   $ 453   $ 10,877   $ 6,190  

Add: Interest expense, net of tax, and dividends on convertible securities and adjustment of undistributed earnings allocated to employee restricted and deferred shares with nonforfeitable rights to dividends, applicable to diluted EPS

        2     2     10  
                   

Net income allocated to common shareholders for diluted EPS

  $ 3,056   $ 455   $ 10,879   $ 6,200  
                   

Weighted-average common shares outstanding applicable to basic EPS

    3,034.3     2,926.8     3,038.4     2,926.5  

Effect of dilutive securities

                         

T-DECs(1)

        87.8         87.8  

Options(2)

    6.1         5.0      

Other employee plans

    0.5     0.6     0.5     0.5  

Convertible securities(3)

        0.1     0.1     0.1  
                   

Adjusted weighted-average common shares outstanding applicable to diluted EPS

    3,040.9     3,015.3     3,044.0     3,014.9  
                   

Basic earnings per share(4)

                         

Income from continuing operations

  $ 0.98   $ 0.15   $ 3.55   $ 2.11  

Discontinued operations

    0.03         0.03     0.01  
                   

Net income

  $ 1.01   $ 0.15   $ 3.58   $ 2.12  
                   

Diluted earnings per share(4)

                         

Income from continuing operations

  $ 0.98   $ 0.15   $ 3.55   $ 2.05  

Discontinued operations

    0.03         0.03     0.01  
                   

Net income

  $ 1.00   $ 0.15   $ 3.57   $ 2.06  
                   

(1)
Pursuant to the terms of Citi's previously outstanding Tangible Dividend Enhanced Common Stock Securities (T-DECs), on December 17, 2012, the Company delivered 96,337,772 shares of Citigroup common stock for the final settlement of the prepaid stock purchase contract. The impact of the T-DECs is fully reflected in the basic shares for 2013 and diluted shares for 2012.

(2)
During the third quarters of 2013 and 2012, weighted-average options to purchase 1.5 million and 35.6 million shares of common stock, respectively, were outstanding but not included in the computation of earnings per share because the weighted-average exercise prices of $214.30 and $51.97, respectively, were anti-dilutive.

(3)
Warrants issued to the U.S. Treasury as part of the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) and the loss-sharing agreement (all of which were subsequently sold to the public in January 2011), with an exercise price of $178.50 and $106.10 for approximately 21.0 million and 25.5 million shares of Citigroup common stock, respectively, were not included in the computation of earnings per share in the third quarters of 2013 and 2012 because they were anti-dilutive.

(4)
Due to rounding, earnings per share on continuing operations and discontinued operations may not sum to earnings per share on net income.

See Note 18 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for the potential future impact of preferred stock dividends.

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10.   FEDERAL FUNDS/SECURITIES BORROWED, LOANED, AND SUBJECT TO REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS

        Federal funds sold and securities borrowed or purchased under agreements to resell, at their respective carrying values, consisted of the following at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012:

In millions of dollars   September 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012
 

Federal funds sold

  $ 90   $ 97  

Securities purchased under agreements to resell

    147,232     138,549  

Deposits paid for securities borrowed

    126,357     122,665  
           

Total

  $ 273,679   $ 261,311  
           

        Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase, at their respective carrying values, consisted of the following at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012:

In millions of dollars   September 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012
 

Federal funds purchased

  $ 596   $ 1,005  

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase

    188,963     182,330  

Deposits received for securities loaned

    26,828     27,901  
           

Total

  $ 216,387   $ 211,236  
           

        The resale and repurchase agreements represent collateralized financing transactions. The Company executes these transactions through its broker-dealer subsidiaries to facilitate customer matched-book activity and to efficiently fund a portion of the Company's trading inventory. Transactions executed by the Company's bank subsidiaries primarily facilitate customer financing activity.

        It is the Company's policy to take possession of the underlying collateral, monitor its market value relative to the amounts due under the agreements and, when necessary, require prompt transfer of additional collateral in order to maintain contractual margin protection. Collateral typically consists of government and government-agency securities, corporate and municipal bonds, and mortgage-backed and other asset-backed securities.

        The resale and repurchase agreements are generally documented under industry standard agreements that allow the prompt close-out of all transactions (including the liquidation of securities held) and the offsetting of obligations to return cash or securities, as the case may be, by the non-defaulting party, following a payment or other type of default under the relevant master agreement. Events of default generally include: (i) failure to deliver cash or securities as required under the transaction, (ii) failure to provide or return cash or securities as used for margining purposes, (iii) breach of representation, (iv) cross-default to another transaction entered into among the parties, or, in some cases, their affiliates, and (v) a repudiation of obligations under the agreement. The counterparty that receives the securities in these transactions is generally unrestricted in its use of the securities, with the exception of transactions executed on a tri-party basis.

        The majority of the resale and repurchase agreements are recorded at fair value, as described in Note 22 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The remaining portion is carried at the amount of cash initially advanced or received, plus accrued interest, as specified in the respective agreements.

        The securities borrowing and lending agreements also represent collateralized financing transactions similar to the resale and repurchase agreements. Collateral typically consists of government and government-agency securities and corporate debt and equity securities.

        Similar to the resale and repurchase agreements, securities borrowing and lending agreements are generally documented under industry standard agreements that allow the prompt close-out of all transactions (including the liquidation of securities held) and the offsetting of obligations to return cash or securities, as the case may be, by the non-defaulting party, following a payment or other default by the other party under the relevant master agreement. Events of default and rights to use securities under the securities borrowing and lending agreements are similar to the resale and repurchase agreements referenced above.

        A majority of securities borrowing and lending agreements are recorded at the amount of cash advanced or received. The remaining portion is recorded at fair value as the Company elected the fair value option for certain securities borrowed and loaned portfolios, as described in Note 22 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. With respect to securities loaned, the Company receives cash collateral in an amount generally in excess of the market value of the securities loaned. The Company monitors the market value of securities borrowed and securities loaned on a daily basis and obtains or posts additional collateral in order to maintain contractual margin protection.

        The enforceability of offsetting rights incorporated in the master netting agreements for resale and repurchase agreements and securities borrowing and lending agreements is evidenced to the extent that a supportive legal opinion has been obtained from counsel of recognized standing which provides the requisite level of certainty regarding the enforceability of these agreements and that the exercise of rights by the non-defaulting party to terminate and close-out transactions on a net basis under these agreements will not be stayed, or avoided under applicable law upon an event of default including bankruptcy, insolvency or similar proceeding.

        A legal opinion may not have been sought or obtained for certain jurisdictions where local law is silent or sufficiently ambiguous to determine the enforceability of offsetting rights or where adverse case law or conflicting regulation may cast doubt on the enforceability of such rights. In some jurisdictions and for some counterparty types, the insolvency law for a particular counterparty type may be nonexistent or unclear as overlapping regimes may exist. For example, this may be the case for certain sovereigns, municipalities, central banks and U.S. pension plans.

        The following tables present the gross and net resale and repurchase agreements and securities borrowing and lending agreements and the related offsetting amount permitted under ASC 210-20-45, as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012. The tables also include amounts related to financial instruments that are not permitted to be offset under ASC 210-20-45 but would be eligible for offsetting to the extent an

131


event of default occurred and a legal opinion supporting enforceability of the offsetting rights has been obtained. Remaining exposures continue to be secured by financial collateral, but the Company may not have sought or been able to obtain a legal opinion evidencing enforceability of the offsetting right.

 
  As of September 30, 2013  
In millions of dollars   Gross Amounts
of Recognized
Assets
  Gross Amounts
Offset on the
Consolidated
Balance Sheet(1)
  Net Amounts of
Assets includeded on
the Consolidated
Balance Sheet(2)
  Amounts
Not Offset on the
Consolidated Balance
Sheet but Eligible for
Offsetting Upon
Counterparty Default(3)
  Net
Amounts(4)
 

Securities purchased under agreements to resell

  $ 205,688   $ 58,456   $ 147,232   $ 112,829   $ 34,403  

Deposits paid for securities borrowed

    126,357         126,357     27,445     98,912  
                       

Total

  $ 332,045   $ 58,456   $ 273,589   $ 140,274   $ 133,315  
                       

 

In millions of dollars   Gross Amounts
of Recognized
Liabilities
  Gross Amounts
Offset on the
Consolidated
Balance Sheet(1)
  Net Amounts of
Liabilities included
on the Consolidated
Balance Sheet(2)
  Amounts
Not Offset on the
Consolidated Balance
Sheet but Eligible for
Offsetting Upon
Counterparty Default(3)
  Net
Amounts(4)
 

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase

  $ 247,419   $ 58,456   $ 188,963   $ 87,378   $ 101,585  

Deposits received for securities loaned

    26,828         26,828     7,250     19,578  
                       

Total

  $ 274,247   $ 58,456   $ 215,791   $ 94,628   $ 121,163  
                       

 

 
  As of December 31, 2012  
In millions of dollars   Gross Amounts
of Recognized
Assets
  Gross Amounts
Offset on the
Consolidated
Balance Sheet(1)
  Net Amounts of
Assets includeded on
the Consolidated
Balance Sheet(2)
  Amounts
Not Offset on the
Consolidated Balance
Sheet but Eligible for
Offsetting Upon
Counterparty Default(3)
  Net
Amounts(4)
 

Securities purchased under agreements to resell

  $ 187,950   $ 49,401   $ 138,549   $ 111,745   $ 26,804  

Deposits paid for securities borrowed

    122,665         122,665     34,733     87,932  
                       

Total

  $ 310,615   $ 49,401   $ 261,214   $ 146,478   $ 114,736  
                       

 

In millions of dollars   Gross Amounts
of Recognized
Liabilities
  Gross Amounts
Offset on the
Consolidated
Balance Sheet(1)
  Net Amounts of
Liabilities included
on the Consolidated
Balance Sheet(2)
  Amounts
Not Offset on the
Consolidated Balance
Sheet but Eligible for
Offsetting Upon
Counterparty Default(3)
  Net
Amounts(4)
 

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase

  $ 231,731   $ 49,401   $ 182,330   $ 104,681   $ 77,649  

Deposits received for securities loaned

    27,901         27,901     15,579     12,322  
                       

Total

  $ 259,632   $ 49,401   $ 210,231   $ 120,260   $ 89,971  
                       

(1)
Includes financial instruments subject to enforceable master netting agreements that are permitted to be offset under ASC 210-20-45.

(2)
The total of this column for each period excludes Federal funds sold/purchased. See table on prior page.

(3)
Includes financial instruments subject to enforceable master netting agreements that are not permitted to be offset under ASC 210-20-45 but would be eligible for offsetting to the extent an event of default has occurred and a legal opinion supporting enforceability of the offsetting right has been obtained.

(4)
Remaining exposures continue to be secured by financial collateral, but the Company may not have sought or been able to obtain a legal opinion evidencing enforceability of the offsetting right.

132


11.   TRADING ACCOUNT ASSETS AND LIABILITIES

        Trading account assets and Trading account liabilities, at fair value, consisted of the following at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012:

In millions of dollars   September 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012
 

Trading account assets

             

Mortgage-backed securities(1)

             

U.S. government-sponsored agency guaranteed

  $ 26,833   $ 31,160  

Prime

    1,417     1,248  

Alt-A

    765     801  

Subprime

    1,326     812  

Non-U.S. residential

    478     607  

Commercial

    2,114     2,441  
           

Total mortgage-backed securities

  $ 32,933   $ 37,069  
           

U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities

             

U.S. Treasury

  $ 18,091   $ 17,472  

Agency obligations

    2,948     2,884  
           

Total U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities

  $ 21,039   $ 20,356  
           

State and municipal securities

  $ 3,620   $ 3,806  

Foreign government securities

    79,618     89,239  

Corporate

    31,024     35,224  

Derivatives(2)

    51,749     54,620  

Equity securities

    53,598     56,998  

Asset-backed securities(1)

    5,473     5,352  

Other debt securities(3)

    12,668     18,265  
           

Total trading account assets

  $ 291,722   $ 320,929  
           

Trading account liabilities

             

Securities sold, not yet purchased

  $ 71,905   $ 63,798  

Derivatives(2)

    50,143     51,751  
           

Total trading account liabilities

  $ 122,048   $ 115,549  
           

(1)
The Company invests in mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities. These securitizations are generally considered VIEs. The Company's maximum exposure to loss from these VIEs is equal to the carrying amount of the securities, which is reflected in the table above. For mortgage-backed and asset-backed securitizations in which the Company has other involvement, see Note 19 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

(2)
Presented net, pursuant to enforceable master netting agreements. See Note 20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion regarding the accounting and reporting for derivatives.

(3)
Includes investments in unallocated precious metals, as discussed in Note 22 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Also includes physical commodities accounted for at the lower of cost or fair value.

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12.   INVESTMENTS

Overview

In millions of dollars   September 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012
 

Securities available-for-sale

  $ 279,877   $ 288,695  

Debt securities held-to-maturity(1)

    10,808     10,130  

Non-marketable equity securities carried at fair value(2)

    5,435     5,768  

Non-marketable equity securities carried at cost(3)

    7,405     7,733  
           

Total investments

  $ 303,525   $ 312,326  
           

(1)
Recorded at amortized cost less impairment for securities that have credit-related impairment.

(2)
Unrealized gains and losses for non-marketable equity securities carried at fair value are recognized in earnings.

(3)
Non-marketable equity securities carried at cost primarily consist of shares issued by the Federal Reserve Bank, Federal Home Loan Banks, foreign central banks and various clearing houses of which Citigroup is a member.

        The following table presents interest and dividends on investments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012:

 
  Three Months Ended
September 30,
  Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
In millions of dollars   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Taxable interest

  $ 1,389   $ 1,636   $ 4,280   $ 4,900  

Interest exempt from U.S. federal income tax

    197     168     567     508  

Dividends

    103     78     331     238  
                   

Total interest and dividends

  $ 1,689   $ 1,882   $ 5,178   $ 5,646  
                   

        The following table presents realized gains and losses on all investments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012. The gross realized investment losses exclude losses from OTTI:

 
  Three Months Ended
September 30,
  Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
In millions of dollars   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Gross realized investment gains

  $ 375   $ 660   $ 1,489   $ 3,155  

Gross realized investment losses

    (312 )   (45 )   (725 )   (342 )
                   

Net realized gains

  $ 63   $ 615   $ 764   $ 2,813  
                   

        The Company sold various debt securities that were classified as held-to-maturity. These sales were in response to a significant deterioration in the creditworthiness of the issuers or securities. In addition, certain securities were reclassified to AFS investments in response to significant credit deterioration. The Company intends to sell the securities and recorded OTTI as presented in the table below.

 
  Three Months Ended
September 30,
  Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
In millions of dollars   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Carrying value of HTM securities sold

  $ 235   $ 302   $ 720   $ 1,545  

Net realized gain (loss) on sale of HTM securities

    (39 )   (4 )   (105 )   (173 )

Carrying value of securities reclassified to AFS

        137     902     244  

OTTI losses on securities reclassified to AFS

        (33 )   (155 )   (59 )
                   

134


Securities Available-for-Sale

        The amortized cost and fair value of available-for-sale (AFS) securities at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 were as follows:

 
  September 30, 2013   December 31, 2012  
In millions of dollars   Amortized
cost
  Gross
unrealized
gains(1)
  Gross
unrealized
losses(1)
  Fair
value
  Amortized
cost
  Gross
unrealized
gains(1)
  Gross
unrealized
losses(1)
  Fair
value
 

Debt securities AFS

                                                 

Mortgage-backed securities(2)

                                                 

U.S. government-sponsored agency guaranteed

  $ 43,673   $ 521   $ 602   $ 43,592   $ 46,001   $ 1,507   $ 163   $ 47,345  

Prime

    27             27     85     1         86  

Alt-A

    1             1     1             1  

Non-U.S. residential

    10,348     105     5     10,448     7,442     148         7,590  

Commercial

    417     8     7     418     436     16     3     449  
                                   

Total mortgage-backed securities

  $ 54,466   $ 634   $ 614   $ 54,486   $ 53,965   $ 1,672   $ 166   $ 55,471  
                                   

U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities

                                                 

U.S. Treasury

  $ 61,979   $ 561   $ 85   $ 62,455   $ 64,667   $ 943   $ 16   $ 65,594  

Agency obligations

    20,084     120     54     20,150     26,014     237     4     26,247  
                                   

Total U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities

  $ 82,063   $ 681   $ 139   $ 82,605   $ 90,681   $ 1,180   $ 20   $ 91,841  
                                   

State and municipal(3)

  $ 19,944   $ 78   $ 2,025   $ 17,997   $ 20,020   $ 132   $ 1,820   $ 18,332  

Foreign government

    92,419     454     591     92,282     93,298     903     154     94,047  

Corporate

    11,380     266     106     11,540     9,302     398     26     9,674  

Asset-backed securities(2)

    16,314     67     107     16,274     14,188     85     143     14,130  

Other debt securities

    366             366     256     2         258  
                                   

Total debt securities AFS

  $ 276,952   $ 2,180   $ 3,582   $ 275,550   $ 281,710   $ 4,372   $ 2,329   $ 283,753  
                                   

Marketable equity securities AFS

  $ 4,326   $ 125   $ 124   $ 4,327   $ 4,643   $ 444   $ 145   $ 4,942  
                                   

Total securities AFS

  $ 281,278   $ 2,305   $ 3,706   $ 279,877   $ 286,353   $ 4,816   $ 2,474   $ 288,695  
                                   

(1)
Gross unrealized gains and losses, as presented, do not include the impact of minority investments and the related allocations and pick up of unrealized gains and losses of AFS securities. These amounts totaled $61 million and $32 million of unrealized gains as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively.

(2)
The Company invests in mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities. These securitizations are generally considered VIEs. The Company's maximum exposure to loss from these VIEs is equal to the carrying amount of the securities, which is reflected in the table above. For mortgage-backed and asset-backed securitizations in which the Company has other involvement, see Note 19 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

(3)
The unrealized losses on state and municipal debt securities are primarily attributable to the result of interest rates on taxable fixed income instruments decreasing relatively faster than the general tax-exempt municipal interest rates and the effects of fair value hedge accounting. Citi hedges certain fixed-rate tax-exempt state and municipal debt securities utilizing LIBOR-based interest rate swaps. During the hedge period, tax-exempt municipal interest rate yields have slightly decreased while LIBOR yields have significantly decreased. The losses on the LIBOR swaps were recorded in earnings and substantially offset by gains on the state and municipal debt securities attributable to changes in the LIBOR Swap Rate being hedged. Reclassification of the fair value gains on the state and municipal debt securities attributable to changes in the LIBOR Swap Rate from Accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) to earnings pursuant to fair value hedge accounting has resulted in unrealized losses on state and municipal debt securities in AOCI.

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        As discussed in more detail below, the Company conducts and documents periodic reviews of all securities with unrealized losses to evaluate whether the impairment is other-than-temporary. Any credit-related impairment related to debt securities that the Company does not plan to sell and is not likely to be required to sell is recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Income, with the non-credit-related impairment recognized in Accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI). For other debt securities with other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI), the entire impairment is recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Income.

        The table below shows the fair value of AFS securities that have been in an unrealized loss position for less than 12 months or for 12 months or longer as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012:

 
  Less than 12 months   12 months or longer   Total  
In millions of dollars   Fair
value
  Gross
unrealized
losses
  Fair
value
  Gross
unrealized
losses
  Fair
value
  Gross
unrealized
losses
 

September 30, 2013

                                     

Securities AFS

                                     

Mortgage-backed securities

                                     

U.S. government-sponsored agency guaranteed

  $ 22,185   $ 522   $ 2,291   $ 80   $ 24,476   $ 602  

Prime

    3         3         6      

Non-U.S. residential

    2,063     5     6         2,069     5  

Commercial

    142     6     10     1     152     7  
                           

Total mortgage-backed securities

  $ 24,393   $ 533   $ 2,310   $ 81   $ 26,703   $ 614  
                           

U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities

                                     

U.S. Treasury

  $ 18,185   $ 72   $ 510   $ 13   $ 18,695   $ 85  

Agency obligations

    7,008     54             7,008     54  
                           

Total U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities

  $ 25,193   $ 126   $ 510   $ 13   $ 25,703   $ 139  
                           

State and municipal

  $ 641   $ 38   $ 11,739   $ 1,987   $ 12,380   $ 2,025  

Foreign government

    36,206     519     3,900     72     40,106     591  

Corporate

    4,062     99     270     7     4,332     106  

Asset-backed securities

    6,513     81     758     26     7,271     107  

Marketable equity securities AFS

    101     6     833     118     934     124  
                           

Total securities AFS

  $ 97,109   $ 1,402   $ 20,320   $ 2,304   $ 117,429   $ 3,706  
                           

 

December 31, 2012

                                     

Securities AFS

                                     

Mortgage-backed securities

                                     

U.S. government-sponsored agency guaranteed

  $ 8,759   $ 138   $ 464   $ 25   $ 9,223   $ 163  

Prime

    15         5         20      

Non-U.S. residential

    5         7         12      

Commercial

    29         24     3     53     3  
                           

Total mortgage-backed securities

  $ 8,808   $ 138   $ 500   $ 28   $ 9,308   $ 166  
                           

U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities

                                     

U.S. Treasury

  $ 9,374   $ 11   $ 105   $ 5   $ 9,479   $ 16  

Agency obligations

    1,001     4             1,001     4  
                           

Total U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities

  $ 10,375   $ 15   $ 105   $ 5   $ 10,480   $ 20  
                           

State and municipal

  $ 10   $   $ 11,095   $ 1,820   $ 11,105   $ 1,820  

Foreign government

    24,235     78     3,910     76     28,145     154  

Corporate

    1,420     8     225     18     1,645     26  

Asset-backed securities

    1,942     4     2,888     139     4,830     143  

Marketable equity securities AFS

    15     1     764     144     779     145  
                           

Total securities AFS

  $ 46,805   $ 244   $ 19,487   $ 2,230   $ 66,292   $ 2,474  
                           

136


        The following table presents the amortized cost and fair value of AFS debt securities by contractual maturity dates as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012:

 
  September 30, 2013   December 31, 2012  
In millions of dollars   Amortized
cost
  Fair
value
  Amortized
cost
  Fair
value
 

Mortgage-backed securities(1)

                         

Due within 1 year

  $ 78   $ 78   $ 10   $ 10  

After 1 but within 5 years

    345     353     365     374  

After 5 but within 10 years

    2,222     2,264     1,992     2,124  

After 10 years(2)

    51,821     51,791     51,598     52,963  
                   

Total

  $ 54,466   $ 54,486   $ 53,965   $ 55,471  
                   

U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities

                         

Due within 1 year

  $ 10,852   $ 10,883   $ 9,387   $ 9,499  

After 1 but within 5 years

    66,261     66,630     76,454     77,267  

After 5 but within 10 years

    2,036     2,151     2,171     2,408  

After 10 years(2)

    2,914     2,941     2,669     2,667  
                   

Total

  $ 82,063   $ 82,605   $ 90,681   $ 91,841  
                   

State and municipal

                         

Due within 1 year

  $ 1,164   $ 1,165   $ 208   $ 208  

After 1 but within 5 years

    2,966     2,966     3,221     3,223  

After 5 but within 10 years

    375     377     155     165  

After 10 years(2)

    15,439     13,489     16,436     14,736  
                   

Total

  $ 19,944   $ 17,997   $ 20,020   $ 18,332  
                   

Foreign government

                         

Due within 1 year

  $ 32,405   $ 32,360   $ 34,873   $ 34,869  

After 1 but within 5 years

    52,754     53,159     49,587     49,933  

After 5 but within 10 years

    6,288     5,722     7,239     7,380  

After 10 years(2)

    972     1,041     1,599     1,865  
                   

Total

  $ 92,419   $ 92,282   $ 93,298   $ 94,047  
                   

All other(3)

                         

Due within 1 year

  $ 2,462   $ 2,402   $ 1,001   $ 1,009  

After 1 but within 5 years

    11,070     11,189     11,285     11,351  

After 5 but within 10 years

    5,830     5,871     4,330     4,505  

After 10 years(2)

    8,698     8,718     7,130     7,197  
                   

Total

  $ 28,060   $ 28,180   $ 23,746   $ 24,062  
                   

Total debt securities AFS

  $ 276,952   $ 275,550   $ 281,710   $ 283,753  
                   

(1)
Includes mortgage-backed securities of U.S. government-sponsored agencies.

(2)
Investments with no stated maturities are included as contractual maturities of greater than 10 years. Actual maturities may differ due to call or prepayment rights.

(3)
Includes corporate, asset-backed and other debt securities.

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Debt Securities Held-to-Maturity

        The carrying value and fair value of debt securities held-to-maturity (HTM) at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 were as follows:

In millions of dollars   Amortized
cost(1)
  Net unrealized
losses
recognized in
AOCI
  Carrying
value(2)
  Gross
unrealized
gains
  Gross
unrealized
losses
  Fair
value
 

September 30, 2013

                                     

Debt securities held-to-maturity

                                     

Mortgage-backed securities(3)

                                     

Prime

  $ 125   $ 22   $ 103   $ 16   $ 4   $ 115  

Alt-A

    1,803     494     1,309     556     280     1,585  

Subprime

    17         17     3     5     15  

Non-U.S. residential

    1,458     215     1,243     43     33     1,253  

Commercial

    13         13             13  
                           

Total mortgage-backed securities

  $ 3,416   $ 731   $ 2,685   $ 618   $ 322   $ 2,981  
                           

State and municipal

    1,247     64     1,183     64     66     1,181  

Foreign government

    5,607         5,607     81     1     5,687  

Corporate

    838     85     753     110         863  

Asset-backed securities(3)

    608     28     580     27     10     597  
                           

Total debt securities held-to-maturity

  $ 11,716   $ 908   $ 10,808   $ 900   $ 399   $ 11,309  
                           

 

December 31, 2012

                                     

Debt securities held-to-maturity

                                     

Mortgage-backed securities(3)

                                     

Prime

  $ 258   $ 49   $ 209   $ 30   $ 4   $ 235  

Alt-A

    2,969     837     2,132     653     250     2,535  

Subprime

    201     43     158     13     21     150  

Non-U.S. residential

    2,488     401     2,087     50     81     2,056  

Commercial

    123         123     1     2     122  
                           

Total mortgage-backed securities

  $ 6,039   $ 1,330   $ 4,709   $ 747   $ 358   $ 5,098  
                           

State and municipal

  $ 1,278   $ 73   $ 1,205   $ 89   $ 37   $ 1,257  

Foreign government

    2,987         2,987             2,987  

Corporate

    829     103     726     73         799  

Asset-backed securities(3)

    529     26     503     8     8     503  
                           

Total debt securities held-to-maturity

  $ 11,662   $ 1,532   $ 10,130   $ 917   $ 403   $ 10,644  
                           

(1)
For securities transferred to HTM from Trading account assets, amortized cost is defined as the fair value of the securities at the date of transfer plus any accretion income and less any impairments recognized in earnings subsequent to transfer. For securities transferred to HTM from AFS, amortized cost is defined as the original purchase cost, plus or minus any accretion or amortization of a purchase discount or premium, less any impairment recognized in earnings.

(2)
HTM securities are carried on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at amortized cost, plus or minus any unamortized unrealized gains and losses recognized in AOCI prior to reclassifying the securities from AFS to HTM. The changes in the values of these securities are not reported in the financial statements, except for other-than-temporary impairments. For HTM securities, only the credit loss component of the impairment is recognized in earnings, while the remainder of the impairment is recognized in AOCI.

(3)
The Company invests in mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities. These securitizations are generally considered VIEs. The Company's maximum exposure to loss from these VIEs is equal to the carrying amount of the securities, which is reflected in the table above. For mortgage-backed and asset-backed securitizations in which the Company has other involvement, see Note 19 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

        The Company has the positive intent and ability to hold these securities to maturity absent any unforeseen further significant changes in circumstances, including deterioration in credit or with regard to regulatory capital requirements.

        The net unrealized losses classified in AOCI relate to debt securities previously reclassified from AFS investments to HTM investments. Additionally, for HTM securities that have suffered credit impairment, declines in fair value for reasons other than credit losses are recorded in AOCI, while credit-related impairment is recognized in earnings. The AOCI balance for HTM securities is amortized over the remaining life of the related securities as an adjustment of yield in a manner consistent with the accretion of discount on the same debt securities. This will have no impact on the Company's net income because the amortization of the unrealized holding loss reported in equity will offset the effect on interest income of the accretion of the discount on these securities.

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        The table below shows the fair value of debt securities in HTM that have been in an unrecognized loss position for less than 12 months or for 12 months or longer as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012:

 
  Less than 12 months   12 months or longer   Total  
In millions of dollars   Fair
value
  Gross
unrecognized
losses
  Fair
value
  Gross
unrecognized
losses
  Fair
value
  Gross
unrecognized
losses
 

September 30, 2013

                                     

Debt securities held-to-maturity

                                     

Mortgage-backed securities

  $ 29   $ 2   $ 376   $ 320   $ 405   $ 322  

State and municipal

    241     16     299     50     540     66  

Foreign government

    924     1             924     1  

Corporate

                         

Asset-backed securities

    100     6     198     4     298     10  
                           

Total debt securities held-to-maturity

  $ 1,294   $ 25   $ 873   $ 374   $ 2,167   $ 399  
                           

December 31, 2012

                                     

Debt securities held-to-maturity

                                     

Mortgage-backed securities

  $ 88   $ 7   $ 1,522   $ 351   $ 1,610   $ 358  

State and municipal

            383     37     383     37  

Foreign government

    294                 294      

Corporate

                         

Asset-backed securities

            406     8     406     8  
                           

Total debt securities held-to-maturity

  $ 382   $ 7   $ 2,311   $ 396   $ 2,693   $ 403  
                           

        Excluded from the gross unrecognized losses presented in the above table are the $908 million and $1,532 million of gross unrealized losses recorded in AOCI as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively, mainly related to the HTM securities that were reclassified from AFS investments. Virtually all of these unrecognized losses relate to securities that have been in a loss position for 12 months or longer at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012.

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        The following table presents the carrying value and fair value of HTM debt securities by contractual maturity dates as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012:

 
  September 30, 2013   December 31, 2012  
In millions of dollars   Carrying value   Fair value   Carrying value   Fair value  

Mortgage-backed securities

                         

Due within 1 year

  $   $   $   $  

After 1 but within 5 years

            69     67  

After 5 but within 10 years

    13     14     54     54  

After 10 years(1)

    2,672     2,967     4,586     4,977  
                   

Total

  $ 2,685   $ 2,981   $ 4,709   $ 5,098  
                   

State and municipal

                         

Due within 1 year

  $ 8   $ 8   $ 14   $ 15  

After 1 but within 5 years

    20     20     36     37  

After 5 but within 10 years

    72     76     58     62  

After 10 years(1)

    1,083     1,077     1,097     1,143  
                   

Total

  $ 1,183   $ 1,181   $ 1,205   $ 1,257  
                   

Foreign government

                         

Due within 1 year

  $   $   $   $  

After 1 but within 5 years

    5,607     5,687     2,987     2,987  

After 5 but within 10 years

                 

After 10 years(1)

                 
                   

Total

  $ 5,607   $ 5,687   $ 2,987   $ 2,987  
                   

All other(2)

                         

Due within 1 year

  $   $   $   $  

After 1 but within 5 years

    752     863     728     802  

After 5 but within 10 years

                 

After 10 years(1)

    581     597     501     500  
                   

Total

  $ 1,333   $ 1,460   $ 1,229   $ 1,302  
                   

Total debt securities held-to-maturity

  $ 10,808   $ 11,309   $ 10,130   $ 10,644  
                   

(1)
Investments with no stated maturities are included as contractual maturities of greater than 10 years. Actual maturities may differ due to call or prepayment rights.

(2)
Includes corporate and asset-backed securities.

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Evaluating Investments for Other-Than-Temporary Impairment

Overview

        The Company conducts and documents periodic reviews of all securities with unrealized losses to evaluate whether the impairment is other-than-temporary.

        An unrealized loss exists when the current fair value of an individual security is less than its amortized cost basis. Unrealized losses that are determined to be temporary in nature are recorded, net of tax, in AOCI for AFS securities. Losses related to HTM securities are not recorded, as these investments are carried at amortized cost. For securities transferred to HTM from Trading account assets, amortized cost is defined as the fair value of the securities at the date of transfer, plus any accretion income and less any impairment recognized in earnings subsequent to transfer. For securities transferred to HTM from AFS, amortized cost is defined as the original purchase cost, plus or minus any accretion or amortization of a purchase discount or premium, less any impairment recognized in earnings.

        Regardless of the classification of the securities as AFS or HTM, the Company has assessed each position with an unrealized loss for other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI). Factors considered in determining whether a loss is temporary include:

        The Company's review for impairment generally entails:

Debt

        Under the guidance for debt securities, OTTI is recognized in earnings for debt securities that the Company has an intent to sell or that the Company believes it is more-likely-than-not that it will be required to sell prior to recovery of the amortized cost basis. For those securities that the Company does not intend to sell or expect to be required to sell, credit-related impairment is recognized in earnings, with the non-credit-related impairment recorded in AOCI.

        For debt securities that are not deemed to be credit impaired, management assesses whether it intends to sell or whether it is more-likely-than-not that it would be required to sell the investment before the expected recovery of the amortized cost basis. In most cases, management has asserted that it has no intent to sell and that it believes it is not likely to be required to sell the investment before recovery of its amortized cost basis. Where such an assertion cannot be made, the security's decline in fair value is deemed to be other than temporary and is recorded in earnings.

        For debt securities, a critical component of the evaluation for OTTI is the identification of credit impaired securities, where management does not expect to receive cash flows sufficient to recover the entire amortized cost basis of the security. For securities purchased and classified as AFS with the expectation of receiving full principal and interest cash flows as of the date of purchase, this analysis considers the likelihood of receiving all contractual principal and interest. For securities reclassified out of the trading category in the fourth quarter of 2008, the analysis considers the likelihood of receiving the expected principal and interest cash flows anticipated as of the date of reclassification in the fourth quarter of 2008.

Equity

        For equity securities, management considers the various factors described above, including its intent and ability to hold the equity security for a period of time sufficient for recovery to cost or whether it is more-likely-than-not that the Company will be required to sell the security prior to recovery of its cost basis. Where management lacks that intent or ability, the security's decline in fair value is deemed to be other-than-temporary and is recorded in earnings. AFS equity securities deemed other-than-temporarily impaired are written down to fair value, with the full difference between fair value and cost recognized in earnings.

        Management assesses equity method investments with fair value less than carrying value for OTTI. Fair value is measured as price multiplied by quantity if the investee has publicly listed securities. If the investee is not publicly listed, other methods are used (see Note 21 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).

        For impaired equity method investments that Citi plans to sell prior to recovery of value or would likely be required to sell, with no expectation that the fair value will recover prior to the expected sale date, the full impairment is recognized in earnings as OTTI regardless of severity and duration. The measurement of the OTTI does not include partial projected recoveries subsequent to the balance sheet date.

141


        For impaired equity method investments that management does not plan to sell prior to recovery of value and is not likely to be required to sell, the evaluation of whether an impairment is other-than-temporary is based on (i) whether and when an equity method investment will recover in value and (ii) whether the investor has the intent and ability to hold that investment for a period of time sufficient to recover the value. The determination of whether the impairment is considered other-than-temporary is based on all of the following indicators, regardless of the time and extent of impairment:

        The sections below describe current circumstances related to certain of the Company's significant equity method investments, specific impairments and the Company's process for identifying credit-related impairments in its security types with the most significant unrealized losses as of September 30, 2013.

Akbank

        In March 2012, Citi decided to reduce its ownership interest in Akbank T.A.S., an equity investment in Turkey (Akbank), to below 10%. As of March 31, 2012, Citi held a 20% equity interest in Akbank, which it purchased in January 2007, accounted for as an equity method investment. As a result of its decision to sell its share holdings in Akbank, in the first quarter of 2012 Citi recorded an impairment charge related to its total investment in Akbank amounting to approximately $1.2 billion pretax ($763 million after-tax). This impairment charge was primarily driven by the recognition of all net investment foreign currency hedging and translation losses previously reflected in AOCI as well as a reduction in the carrying value of the investment to reflect the market price of Akbank's shares. The impairment charge was recorded in OTTI losses on investments in the Consolidated Statement of Income. During the second quarter of 2012, Citi sold a 10.1% stake in Akbank, resulting in a loss on sale of $424 million ($274 million after-tax) recorded in Other revenue. As of September 30, 2013, the remaining 9.9% stake in Akbank is recorded within marketable equity securities available-for-sale.

MSSB

        On September 17, 2012, Citi sold to Morgan Stanley a 14% interest (the 14% Interest) in the MSSB joint venture, pursuant to the exercise of the purchase option by Morgan Stanley on June 1, 2012. Morgan Stanley paid Citi $1.89 billion in cash as the purchase price of the 14% Interest. The purchase price was based on an implied 100% valuation of the MSSB joint venture of $13.5 billion, as agreed between Morgan Stanley and Citi pursuant to an agreement dated September 11, 2012. The related approximate $4.5 billion in deposits were transferred to Morgan Stanley at no premium, as agreed between the parties.

        Prior to the September 2012 sale, Citi's carrying value of its 49% interest in the MSSB joint venture was approximately $11.3 billion. As a result of the agreement entered into with Morgan Stanley on September 11, 2012, Citi recorded a charge to net income in the third quarter of 2012 of approximately $2.9 billion after-tax ($4.7 billion pretax), consisting of (i) a charge recorded in Other revenue of approximately $800 million after-tax ($1.3 billion pretax), representing a loss on sale of the 14% Interest, and (ii) an OTTI of the carrying value of its remaining 35% interest in the MSSB joint venture of approximately $2.1 billion after-tax ($3.4 billion pretax).

        On June 21, 2013, Morgan Stanley notified Citi of its intent to exercise its call option with respect to Citi's remaining 35% investment in the MSSB joint venture, composed of an approximate $4.725 billion equity investment and $3 billion of other MSSB financing (consisting of approximately $2.028 billion of preferred stock and a $0.880 billion loan). At the closing of the transaction on June 28, 2013, the loan to MSSB was repaid and the MSSB interests and preferred stock were settled, with no significant gains or losses recorded at the time of settlement. In addition, MSSB made a dividend payment to Citi on June 28, 2013 in the amount of $37.5 million.

Mortgage-backed securities

        For U.S. mortgage-backed securities (and in particular for Alt-A and other mortgage-backed securities that have significant unrealized losses as a percentage of amortized cost), credit impairment is assessed using a cash flow model that estimates the cash flows on the underlying mortgages, using the security-specific collateral and transaction structure. The model estimates cash flows from the underlying mortgage loans and distributes those cash flows to various tranches of securities, considering the transaction structure and any subordination and credit enhancements that exist in that structure. The cash flow model incorporates actual cash flows on the mortgage-backed securities through the current period and then projects the remaining cash flows using a number of assumptions, including default rates, prepayment rates, recovery rates (on foreclosed properties) and loss severity rates (on non-agency mortgage-backed securities).

        Management develops specific assumptions using as much market data as possible and includes internal estimates as well as estimates published by rating agencies and other third-party sources. Default rates are projected by considering current underlying mortgage loan performance, generally assuming the default of (i) 10% of current loans, (ii) 25% of 30-59 day delinquent loans, (iii) 70% of 60-90 day delinquent loans and (iv) 100% of 91+ day delinquent loans. These estimates are extrapolated along a default timing curve to estimate the total lifetime pool default rate. Other assumptions contemplate the actual collateral attributes, including geographic concentrations, rating actions and current market prices.

        Cash flow projections are developed using different stress test scenarios. Management assesses the results of those stress tests (including the severity of any cash shortfall indicated and the likelihood of the stress scenarios actually occurring based on the underlying pool's characteristics and performance) to assess whether management expects to recover the amortized cost basis of the security. If cash flow projections indicate that the

142


Company does not expect to recover its amortized cost basis, the Company recognizes the estimated credit loss in earnings.

State and municipal securities

        Citigroup's AFS state and municipal bonds consist mainly of bonds that are financed through Tender Option Bond programs or were previously financed in this program (for additional information, see Note 19 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). The process for identifying credit impairments for these bonds is largely based on third-party credit ratings. Individual bond positions that are financed through Tender Option Bonds are required to meet minimum ratings requirements, which vary based on the sector of the bond issuer.

        Citigroup monitors the bond issuer and insurer ratings on a daily basis. The average portfolio rating, ignoring any insurance, is Aa3/AA-. In the event of a rating downgrade, the subject bond is specifically reviewed for potential shortfall in contractual principal and interest. The remainder of Citigroup's AFS and HTM state and municipal bonds are specifically reviewed for credit impairment based on instrument-specific estimates of cash flows, probability of default and loss given default.

        For impaired AFS state and municipal bonds that Citi plans to sell, or would likely be required to sell with no expectation that the fair value will recover prior to the expected sale date, the full impairment is recognized in earnings.

Recognition and Measurement of OTTI

        The following table presents the total OTTI recognized in earnings for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013:

 
  Three Months Ended September 30,   Nine Months Ended September 30,  
OTTI on Investments and Other Assets
In millions of dollars
  AFS(1)   HTM   Other
Assets
  Total   AFS(1)   HTM   Other
Assets
  Total  

Impairment losses related to securities that the Company does not intend to sell nor will likely be required to sell:

                                                 

Total OTTI losses recognized during the period ended September 30, 2013

  $ 2   $ 15   $   $ 17   $ 7   $ 27   $   $ 34  

Less: portion of impairment loss recognized in AOCI (before taxes)

                                 
                                   

Net impairment losses recognized in earnings for securities that the Company does not intend to sell nor will likely be required to sell

  $ 2   $ 15   $   $ 17   $ 7   $ 27   $   $ 34  

Impairment losses recognized in earnings for securities that the Company intends to sell or more-likely-than-not will be required to sell before recovery(2)

    22             22     236         192     428  
                                   

Total impairment losses recognized in earnings

  $ 24   $ 15   $   $ 39   $ 243   $ 27   $ 192   $ 462  
                                   

(1)
Includes OTTI on non-marketable equity securities.

(2)
The first and second quarter of 2013 included the recognition of $105 and $87 million, respectively, impairment charges related to the carrying value of Citi's then-remaining 35% interest in the MSSB joint venture which was offset by the equity pickup from the joint venture in the respective quarter which was recorded in Other revenue. See "MSSB" above for further discussion.

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        The following is a three-month roll-forward of the credit-related impairments recognized in earnings for AFS and HTM debt securities held as of September 30, 2013 that the Company does not intend to sell nor will likely be required to sell:

 
  Cumulative OTTI credit losses recognized in earnings  
In millions of dollars   June 30, 2013
balance
  Credit
impairments
recognized in
earnings on
securities not
previously
impaired
  Credit
impairments
recognized in
earnings on
securities that
have
been previously
impaired
  Reductions due to
credit-impaired
securities sold,
transferred or
matured
  Sept. 30, 2013
balance
 

AFS debt securities

                               

Mortgage-backed securities

  $ 295   $   $   $   $ 295  

Foreign government securities

    169                 169  

Corporate

    115                 115  

All other debt securities

    142     2             144  
                       

Total OTTI credit losses recognized for AFS debt securities

  $ 721   $ 2   $   $   $ 723  
                       

HTM debt securities

                               

Mortgage-backed securities(1)

  $ 724   $ 15   $   $ (31 ) $ 708  

Corporate

    56                 56  

All other debt securities

    132                 132  
                       

Total OTTI credit losses recognized for HTM debt securities

  $ 912   $ 15   $   $ (31 ) $ 896  
                       

(1)
Primarily consists of Alt-A securities.

        The following is a nine-month roll-forward of the credit-related impairments recognized in earnings for AFS and HTM debt securities held as of September 30, 2013 that the Company does not intend to sell nor will likely be required to sell:

 
  Cumulative OTTI credit losses recognized in earnings  
In millions of dollars   Dec. 31, 2012
balance
  Credit
impairments
recognized in
earnings on
securities not
previously
impaired
  Credit
impairments
recognized in
earnings on
securities that
have
been previously
impaired
  Reductions due to
credit-impaired
securities sold,
transferred or
matured
  Sept. 30, 2013
balance
 

AFS debt securities

                               

Mortgage-backed securities

  $ 295   $   $   $   $ 295  

Foreign government securities

    169                 169  

Corporate

    116             (1 )   115  

All other debt securities

    137     7             144  
                       

Total OTTI credit losses recognized for AFS debt securities

  $ 717   $ 7   $   $ (1 ) $ 723  
                       

HTM debt securities

                               

Mortgage-backed securities(1)

  $ 869   $ 25   $ 1   $ (187 ) $ 708  

Corporate

    56                 56  

All other debt securities

    135     1         (4 )   132  
                       

Total OTTI credit losses recognized for HTM debt securities

  $ 1,060   $ 26   $ 1   $ (191 ) $ 896  
                       

(1)
Primarily consists of Alt-A securities.

144


Investments in Alternative Investment Funds That Calculate Net Asset Value per Share

        The Company holds investments in certain alternative investment funds that calculate net asset value (NAV) per share, including hedge funds, private equity funds, funds of funds and real estate funds. The Company's investments include co-investments in funds that are managed by the Company and investments in funds that are managed by third parties. Investments in funds are generally classified as non-marketable equity securities carried at fair value.

        The fair values of these investments are estimated using the NAV per share of the Company's ownership interest in the funds, where it is not probable that the Company will sell an investment at a price other than the NAV.

 
  Fair value   Unfunded commitments    
   
 
 
  Redemption frequency
(if currently eligible)
monthly, quarterly,
annually
   
 
In millions of dollars   September 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012
  September 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012
  Redemption notice
period
 

Hedge funds

  $ 1,177   $ 1,316   $ 1   $     Generally quarterly     10-95 days  

Private equity funds(1)(2)(3)

    830     837     252     342          

Real estate funds(3)(4)

    234     228     36     57          
                           

Total(5)

  $ 2,241   $ 2,381   $ 289   $ 399          
                           

(1)
Includes investments in private equity funds carried at cost with a carrying value of $6 million at December 31, 2012. No investments in private equity funds were carried at cost at September 30, 2013.

(2)
Private equity funds include funds that invest in infrastructure, leveraged buyout transactions, emerging markets and venture capital.

(3)
With respect to the Company's investments in private equity funds and real estate funds, distributions from each fund will be received as the underlying assets held by these funds are liquidated. It is estimated that the underlying assets of these funds will be liquidated over a period of several years as market conditions allow. Private equity and real estate funds do not allow redemption of investments by their investors. Investors are permitted to sell or transfer their investments, subject to the approval of the general partner or investment manager of these funds, which generally may not be unreasonably withheld.

(4)
Includes several real estate funds that invest primarily in commercial real estate in the U.S., Europe and Asia.

(5)
Included in the total fair value of investments above are $1.6 billion and $0.4 billion of fund assets that are valued using NAVs provided by third-party asset managers as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively. The increase in these investments is driven by the sale of certain Citi Capital Advisors Business as discussed in Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Amounts presented exclude investments in funds that are consolidated by Citi.

145


13.   LOANS

        Citigroup loans are reported in two categories—Consumer and Corporate. These categories are classified primarily according to the segment and subsegment that manage the loans.

Consumer Loans

        Consumer loans represent loans and leases managed primarily by the Global Consumer Banking businesses in Citicorp and in Citi Holdings. The following table provides information by loan type:

In millions of dollars   Sept. 30,
2013
  Dec. 31,
2012
 

Consumer loans

             

In U.S. offices

             

Mortgage and real estate(1)

  $ 110,813   $ 125,946  

Installment, revolving credit, and other

    13,265     14,070  

Cards

    110,734     111,403  

Commercial and industrial

    6,349     5,344  
           

  $ 241,161   $ 256,763  
           

In offices outside the U.S.

             

Mortgage and real estate(1)

  $ 54,428   $ 54,709  

Installment, revolving credit, and other

    32,306     33,958  

Cards

    35,966     40,653  

Commercial and industrial

    23,741     22,225  

Lease financing

    743     781  
           

  $ 147,184   $ 152,326  
           

Total Consumer loans

  $ 388,345   $ 409,089  

Net unearned income

    (523 )   (418 )
           

Consumer loans, net of unearned income

  $ 387,822   $ 408,671  
           

(1)
Loans secured primarily by real estate.

        Included in the loan table above are lending products whose terms may give rise to greater credit issues. Credit cards with below-market introductory interest rates and interest-only loans are examples of such products. These products are closely managed using credit techniques that are intended to mitigate their higher inherent risk.

        During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, the Company sold and/or reclassified to held-for-sale $1.5 billion and $1.3 billion, and $11.3 billion and $2.7 billion, respectively, of Consumer loans. During the three months ended September 30, 2013, Citi acquired approximately $7 billion of loans related to the previously announced acquisition of Best Buy's U.S. credit card portfolio. The Company did not otherwise have significant purchases of Consumer loans during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 or September 30, 2012.

        Citigroup has established a risk management process to monitor, evaluate and manage the principal risks associated with its Consumer loan portfolio. Credit quality indicators that are actively monitored include delinquency status, consumer credit scores (FICO), and loan to value (LTV) ratios, each as discussed in more detail below.

Delinquency Status

        Delinquency status is monitored and considered a key indicator of credit quality of Consumer loans. Substantially all of the U.S. residential first mortgage loans use the MBA method of reporting delinquencies, which considers a loan delinquent if a monthly payment has not been received by the end of the day immediately preceding the loan's next due date. All other loans use the OTS method of reporting delinquencies, which considers a loan delinquent if a monthly payment has not been received by the close of business on the loan's next due date.

        As a general policy, residential first mortgages, home equity loans and installment loans are classified as non-accrual when loan payments are 90 days contractually past due. Credit cards and unsecured revolving loans generally accrue interest until payments are 180 days past due. Home equity loans in regulated bank entities are classified as non-accrual if the related residential first mortgage is 90 days or more past due. Mortgage loans in regulated bank entities discharged through Chapter 7 bankruptcy, other than FHA-insured loans, are classified as non-accrual. Commercial market loans are placed on a cash (non-accrual) basis when it is determined, based on actual experience and a forward-looking assessment of the collectability of the loan in full, that the payment of interest or principal is doubtful or when interest or principal is 90 days past due.

        The policy for re-aging modified U.S. Consumer loans to current status varies by product. Generally, one of the conditions to qualify for these modifications is that a minimum number of payments (typically ranging from one to three) be made. Upon modification, the loan is re-aged to current status. However, re-aging practices for certain open-ended Consumer loans, such as credit cards, are governed by Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (FFIEC) guidelines. For open-ended Consumer loans subject to FFIEC guidelines, one of the conditions for the loan to be re-aged to current status is that at least three consecutive minimum monthly payments, or the equivalent amount, must be received. In addition, under FFIEC guidelines, the number of times that such a loan can be re-aged is subject to limitations (generally once in 12 months and twice in five years). Furthermore, Federal Housing Administration (FHA) and Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) loans are modified under those respective agencies' guidelines and payments are not always required in order to re-age a modified loan to current.

146


        The following tables provide details on Citigroup's Consumer loan delinquency and non-accrual loans as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012:

Consumer Loan Delinquency and Non-Accrual Details at September 30, 2013

In millions of dollars   Total
current(1)(2)
  30-89 days
past due(3)
  ³ 90 days
past due(3)
  Past due
government
guaranteed(4)
  Total
loans(2)
  Total
non-accrual
  90 days past due
and accruing
 

In North America offices

                                           

Residential first mortgages

  $ 67,381   $ 2,163   $ 2,110   $ 5,427   $ 77,081   $ 3,540   $ 4,159  

Home equity loans(5)

    31,720     438     663         32,821     1,398      

Credit cards

    109,260     1,455     1,283         111,998         1,283  

Installment and other

    12,562     224     224         13,010     229     4  

Commercial market loans

    8,390     39     30         8,459     125     7  
                               

Total

  $ 229,313   $ 4,319   $ 4,310   $ 5,427   $ 243,369   $ 5,292   $ 5,453  
                               

In offices outside North America

                                           

Residential first mortgages

  $ 45,223   $ 458   $ 326   $   $ 46,007   $ 567   $  

Home equity loans(5)

                             

Credit cards

    33,955     754     621         35,330     375     424  

Installment and other

    29,135     423     172         29,730     243      

Commercial market loans

    32,677     106     202         32,985     678      
                               

Total

  $ 140,990   $ 1,741   $ 1,321   $   $ 144,052   $ 1,863   $ 424  
                               

Total GCB and Citi Holdings

  $ 370,303   $ 6,060   $ 5,631   $ 5,427   $ 387,421   $ 7,155   $ 5,877  

Other

    369     14     18         401     48      
                               

Total Citigroup

  $ 370,672   $ 6,074   $ 5,649   $ 5,427   $ 387,822   $ 7,203   $ 5,877  
                               

(1)
Loans less than 30 days past due are presented as current.

(2)
Includes $1.0 billion of residential first mortgages recorded at fair value.

(3)
Excludes loans guaranteed by U.S. government entities.

(4)
Consists of residential first mortgages that are guaranteed by U.S. government entities that are 30-89 days past due of $1.3 billion and ³ 90 days past due of $4.1 billion.

(5)
Fixed rate home equity loans and loans extended under home equity lines of credit, which are typically in junior lien positions.

Consumer Loan Delinquency and Non-Accrual Details at December 31, 2012

In millions of dollars   Total
current(1)(2)
  30-89 days
past due(3)
  ³ 90 days
past due(3)
  Past due
government
guaranteed(4)
  Total
loans(2)
  Total
non-accrual
  90 days past due
and accruing
 

In North America offices

                                           

Residential first mortgages

  $ 75,791   $ 3,074   $ 3,339   $ 6,000   $ 88,204   $ 4,922   $ 4,695  

Home equity loans(5)

    35,740     642     843         37,225     1,797      

Credit cards

    108,892     1,582     1,527         112,001         1,527  

Installment and other

    13,319     288     325         13,932     179     8  

Commercial market loans

    7,874     32     19         7,925     210     11  
                               

Total

  $ 241,616   $ 5,618   $ 6,053   $ 6,000   $ 259,287   $ 7,108   $ 6,241  
                               

In offices outside North America

                                           

Residential first mortgages

  $ 45,496   $ 547   $ 485   $   $ 46,528   $ 807   $  

Home equity loans(5)

    4         2         6     2      

Credit cards

    38,920     970     805         40,695     516     508  

Installment and other

    29,350     496     167         30,013     254      

Commercial market loans

    31,263     106     181         31,550     428      
                               

Total

  $ 145,033   $ 2,119   $ 1,640   $   $ 148,792   $ 2,007   $ 508  
                               

Total GCB and Citi Holdings

  $ 386,649   $ 7,737   $ 7,693   $ 6,000   $ 408,079   $ 9,115   $ 6,749  

Other

    545     18     29         592     81      
                               

Total Citigroup

  $ 387,194   $ 7,755   $ 7,722   $ 6,000   $ 408,671   $ 9,196   $ 6,749  
                               

(1)
Loans less than 30 days past due are presented as current.

(2)
Includes $1.2 billion of residential first mortgages recorded at fair value.

(3)
Excludes loans guaranteed by U.S. government entities.

(4)
Consists of residential first mortgages that are guaranteed by U.S. government entities that are 30-89 days past due of $1.3 billion and ³ 90 days past due of $4.7 billion.

(5)
Fixed rate home equity loans and loans extended under home equity lines of credit, which are typically in junior lien positions.

147


Consumer Credit Scores (FICO)

        In the U.S., independent credit agencies rate an individual's risk for assuming debt based on the individual's credit history and assign every consumer a "FICO" credit score. These scores are continually updated by the agencies based upon an individual's credit actions (e.g., taking out a loan or missed or late payments).

        The following table provides details on the FICO scores attributable to Citi's U.S. Consumer loan portfolio as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 (commercial market loans are not included in the table since they are business-based and FICO scores are not a primary driver in their credit evaluation). FICO scores are updated monthly for substantially all of the portfolio or, otherwise, on a quarterly basis.

 
  September 30, 2013  
FICO score distribution in U.S. portfolio(1)(2)
In millions of dollars
  Less than
620
  ³ 620 but less
than 660
  Equal to or
greater
than 660
 

Residential first mortgages

  $ 12,591   $ 6,779   $ 46,164  

Home equity loans

    4,348     2,903     23,937  

Credit cards

    7,505     10,156     90,378  

Installment and other

    3,823     2,381     5,142  
               

Total

  $ 28,267   $ 22,219   $ 165,621  
               

(1)
Excludes loans guaranteed by U.S. government entities, loans subject to long-term standby commitments (LTSCs) with U.S. government-sponsored entities and loans recorded at fair value.

(2)
Excludes balances where FICO was not available. Such amounts are not material.

 
  December 31, 2012  
FICO score distribution in U.S. portfolio(1)(2)
In millions of dollars
  Less than
620
  ³ 620 but less
than 660
  Equal to or
greater
than 660
 

Residential first mortgages

  $ 16,754   $ 8,013   $ 50,833  

Home equity loans

    5,439     3,208     26,820  

Credit cards

    7,833     10,304     90,248  

Installment and other

    4,414     2,417     5,365  
               

Total

  $ 34,440   $ 23,942   $ 173,266  
               

(1)
Excludes loans guaranteed by U.S. government entities, loans subject to LTSCs with U.S. government-sponsored entities and loans recorded at fair value.

(2)
Excludes balances where FICO was not available. Such amounts are not material.

Loan to Value (LTV) Ratios

        LTV ratios (loan balance divided by appraised value) are calculated at origination and updated by applying market price data.

        The following tables provide details on the LTV ratios attributable to Citi's U.S. Consumer mortgage portfolios as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012. LTV ratios are updated monthly using the most recent Core Logic HPI data available for substantially all of the portfolio applied at the Metropolitan Statistical Area level, if available, or the state level if not. The remainder of the portfolio is updated in a similar manner using the Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight indices.

 
  September 30, 2013  
LTV distribution in U.S. portfolio(1)(2)
In millions of dollars
  Less than or
equal to 80%
  > 80% but less
than or equal to
100%
  Greater
than
100%
 

Residential first mortgages

  $ 46,072   $ 13,840   $ 5,660  

Home equity loans

    14,534     9,212     7,221  
               

Total

  $ 60,606   $ 23,052   $ 12,881  
               

(1)
Excludes loans guaranteed by U.S. government entities, loans subject to LTSCs with U.S. government-sponsored entities and loans recorded at fair value.

(2)
Excludes balances where LTV was not available. Such amounts are not material.

 
  December 31, 2012  
LTV distribution in U.S. portfolio(1)(2)
In millions of dollars
  Less than or
equal to 80%
  > 80% but less
than or equal to
100%
  Greater
than
100%
 

Residential first mortgages

  $ 41,555   $ 19,070   $ 14,995  

Home equity loans

    12,611     9,529     13,153  
               

Total

  $ 54,166   $ 28,599   $ 28,148  
               

(1)
Excludes loans guaranteed by U.S. government entities, loans subject to LTSCs with U.S. government-sponsored entities and loans recorded at fair value.

(2)
Excludes balances where LTV was not available. Such amounts are not material.

148


Impaired Consumer Loans

        Impaired loans are those loans about which Citigroup believes it is probable that it will not collect all amounts due according to the original contractual terms of the loan. Impaired Consumer loans include non-accrual commercial market loans, as well as smaller-balance homogeneous loans whose terms have been modified due to the borrower's financial difficulties and where Citigroup has granted a concession to the borrower. These modifications may include interest rate reductions and/or principal forgiveness. Impaired Consumer loans exclude smaller-balance homogeneous loans that have not been modified and are carried on a non-accrual basis. In addition, impaired Consumer loans exclude substantially all loans modified pursuant to Citi's short-term modification programs (i.e., for periods of 12 months or less) that were modified prior to January 1, 2011.

        As a result of OCC guidance issued in the third quarter of 2012, mortgage loans to borrowers that have gone through Chapter 7 bankruptcy are classified as TDRs. These TDRs, other than FHA-insured loans, are written down to collateral value less cost to sell. FHA-insured loans are reserved based on a discounted cash flow model (see Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Citi's 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K). The recorded investment in receivables reclassified to TDRs in the third quarter of 2012 as a result of this OCC guidance approximated $1,714 million, composed of $1,327 million of residential first mortgages and $387 million of home equity loans.

        The following tables present information about total impaired Consumer loans at and for the periods ending September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively, and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and September 30, 2012 for interest income recognized on impaired Consumer loans:

Impaired Consumer Loans

 
   
   
   
   
  Three Months Ended
September 30,
  Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
 
  September 30, 2013   2013   2012   2013   2012  
In millions of dollars   Recorded
investment(1)(2)
  Unpaid
principal
balance
  Related
specific
allowance(3)
  Average
carrying
value(4)
  Interest
income
recognized(5)(6)
  Interest
income
recognized(5)(6)
  Interest
income
recognized(5)(6)
  Interest
income
recognized(5)(6)
 

Mortgage and real estate

                                                 

Residential first mortgages

  $ 17,071   $ 18,051   $ 2,615   $ 18,633   $ 179   $ 251   $ 604   $ 674  

Home equity loans

    2,234     2,832     595     2,115     23     31     61     64  

Credit cards

    3,490     3,535     1,274     4,032     56     75     182     240  

Installment and other

                                                 

Individual installment and other

    1,075     1,099     588     1,218     35     88     118     218  

Commercial market loans

    357     596     179     414     5     5     17     18  
                                   

Total(7)

  $ 24,227   $ 26,113   $ 5,251   $ 26,412   $ 298   $ 450   $ 982   $ 1,214  
                                   

(1)
Recorded investment in a loan includes net deferred loan fees and costs, unamortized premium or discount and direct write-downs and includes accrued interest only on credit card loans.

(2)
$2,201 million of residential first mortgages, $421 million of home equity loans and $133 million of commercial market loans do not have a specific allowance.

(3)
Included in the Allowance for loan losses.

(4)
Average carrying value represents the average recorded investment ending balance for the last four quarters and does not include the related specific allowance.

(5)
Includes amounts recognized on both an accrual and cash basis.

(6)
Cash interest receipts on smaller-balance homogeneous loans are generally recorded as revenue. The interest recognition policy for commercial market loans is identical to that for Corporate loans, as described below.

(7)
Prior to 2008, the Company's financial accounting systems did not separately track impaired smaller-balance, homogeneous Consumer loans whose terms were modified due to the borrowers' financial difficulties and where it was determined that a concession was granted to the borrower. Smaller-balance Consumer loans modified since January 1, 2008 amounted to $23.9 billion at September 30, 2013. However, information derived from Citi's risk management systems indicates that the amounts of outstanding modified loans, including those modified prior to 2008, approximated $24.5 billion at September 30, 2013.

149


 
  December 31, 2012  
In millions of dollars   Recorded
investment(1)(2)
  Unpaid
principal balance
  Related specific
allowance(3)
  Average
carrying value(4)
 

Mortgage and real estate

                         

Residential first mortgages

  $ 20,870   $ 22,062   $ 3,585   $ 19,956  

Home equity loans

    2,135     2,727     636     1,911  

Credit cards

    4,584     4,639     1,800     5,272  

Installment and other

                         

Individual installment and other

    1,612     1,618     860     1,958  

Commercial market loans

    439     737     60     495  
                   

Total(5)

  $ 29,640   $ 31,783   $ 6,941   $ 29,592  
                   

(1)
Recorded investment in a loan includes net deferred loan fees and costs, unamortized premium or discount and direct write-downs and includes accrued interest only on credit card loans.

(2)
$2,344 million of residential first mortgages, $378 million of home equity loans and $183 million of commercial market loans do not have a specific allowance.

(3)
Included in the Allowance for loan losses.

(4)
Average carrying value represents the average recorded investment ending balance for last four quarters and does not include related specific allowance.

(5)
Prior to 2008, the Company's financial accounting systems did not separately track impaired smaller-balance, homogeneous Consumer loans whose terms were modified due to the borrowers' financial difficulties and where it was determined that a concession was granted to the borrower. Smaller-balance Consumer loans modified since January 1, 2008 amounted to $29.2 billion at December 31, 2012. However, information derived from Citi's risk management systems indicates that the amounts of outstanding modified loans, including those modified prior to 2008, approximated $30.1 billion at December 31, 2012.

Consumer Troubled Debt Restructurings

        The following tables present Consumer TDRs occurring during the three- and nine-months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012:

 
  For the three months ended September 30, 2013  
In millions of dollars except number of loans modified   Number of
loans modified
  Post-
modification
recorded
investment(1)(2)
  Deferred
principal(3)
  Contingent
principal
forgiveness(4)
  Principal
forgiveness(5)
  Average
interest rate
reduction
 

North America

                                     

Residential first mortgages

    7,375   $ 933   $ 28   $ 15   $ 34     1 %

Home equity loans

    2,962     90             33     1  

Credit cards

    43,312     207                 14  

Installment and other revolving

    13,880     99                 6  

Commercial markets(6)

    44     6                  
                           

Total

    67,573   $ 1,335   $ 28   $ 15   $ 67        
                           

International

                                     

Residential first mortgages

    738   $ 30   $   $   $ 1     1 %

Home equity loans

    93     1                 1  

Credit cards

    37,299     131             3     16  

Installment and other revolving

    12,650     70             2     9  

Commercial markets(6)

    88     30     1              
                           

Total

    50,868   $ 262   $ 1   $   $ 6        
                           

150



 
  For the three months ended September 30, 2012  
In millions of dollars except number of loans modified   Number of
loans
modified
  Post-
modification
recorded
investment(1)(7)
  Deferred
principal(3)
  Contingent
principal
forgiveness(4)
  Principal
forgiveness(5)
  Average
interest rate
reduction
 

North America

                                     

Residential first mortgages

    36,382   $ 4,427   $ 6   $   $ 73     1 %

Home equity loans

    23,523     516     2         17      

Credit cards

    51,304     254                 15  

Installment and other revolving

    14,776     107                 6  

Commercial markets(6)

    42     7                  
                           

Total

    126,027   $ 5,311   $ 8   $   $ 90        
                           

International

                                     

Residential first mortgages

    1,287   $ 46   $   $   $ 1     1 %

Home equity loans

    1                      

Credit cards

    33,535     132             5     15  

Installment and other revolving

    15,463     97             2     7  

Commercial markets(6)

    58     73                  
                           

Total

    50,344   $ 348   $   $   $ 8        
                           

(1)
Post-modification balances include past due amounts that are capitalized at modification date.

(2)
Post-modification balances in North America in the third quarter of 2013 include $138 million of residential first mortgages and $30 million of home equity loans to borrowers that have gone through Chapter 7 bankruptcy. These amounts include $87 million of residential first mortgages and $24 million of home equity loans that are newly classified as TDRs as a result of OCC guidance received in the third quarter of 2012, as described above.

(3)
Represents portion of contractual loan principal that is non-interest bearing but still due from borrower. Such deferred principal is charged-off at the time of permanent modification to the extent that the related loan balance exceeds the underlying collateral value.

(4)
Represents portion of contractual loan principal that is non-interest bearing and, depending upon borrower performance, eligible for forgiveness.

(5)
Represents portion of contractual loan principal that is forgiven at the time of permanent modification.

(6)
Commercial markets loans are generally borrower-specific modifications and incorporate changes in the amount and/or timing of principal and/or interest.

(7)
Post-modification balances in North America in the third quarter of 2012 include $2,561 million of residential first mortgages and $452 million of home equity loans to borrowers that have gone through Chapter 7 bankruptcy. These amounts include $1,310 million of residential first mortgages and $385 million of home equity loans that are newly classified as TDRs as a result of OCC guidance received in the third quarter of 2012, as described above.

 
  For the nine months ended September 30, 2013  
In millions of dollars except number of loans modified   Number of
loans
modified
  Post-
modification
recorded
investment(1)(2)
  Deferred
principal(3)
  Contingent
principal
forgiveness(4)
  Principal
forgiveness(5)
  Average
interest rate
reduction
 

North America

                                     

Residential first mortgages

    25,757   $ 3,387   $ 45   $ 17   $ 136     1 %

Home equity loans

    8,588     257     1         71     1  

Credit cards

    123,073     613                 14  

Installment and other revolving

    39,816     284                 7  

Commercial markets(6)

    166     25                  
                           

Total

    197,400   $ 4,566   $ 46   $ 17   $ 207        
                           

International

                                     

Residential first mortgages

    2,935   $ 137   $   $   $ 2     1 %

Home equity loans

    98     1                  

Credit cards

    98,264     391             9     16  

Installment and other revolving

    38,877     245             6     8  

Commercial markets(6)

    296     76     2              
                           

Total

    140,470   $ 850   $ 2   $   $ 17        
                           

151



 
  For the nine months ended September 30, 2012  
In millions of dollars except number of loans modified   Number of
loans
modified
  Post-
modification
recorded
investment(1)
  Deferred
principal(3)
  Contingent
principal
forgiveness(4)
  Principal
forgiveness(5)
  Average
interest rate
reduction
 

North America

                                     

Residential first mortgages

    52,937   $ 7,095   $ 17   $ 3   $ 119     1 %

Home equity loans

    28,472     702     4         39     2  

Credit cards

    188,414     962                 16  

Installment and other revolving

    50,003     366                 6  

Commercial markets(6)

    138     13                  
                           

Total

    319,964   $ 9,138   $ 21   $ 3   $ 158        
                           

International

                                     

Residential first mortgages

    3,505   $ 133   $   $   $ 2     1 %

Home equity loans

    3                      

Credit cards

    106,003     387             18     15  

Installment and other revolving

    47,918     273         1     6     8  

Commercial markets(6)

    281     129         1     2      
                           

Total

    157,710   $ 922   $   $ 2   $ 28        
                           

(1)
Post-modification balances include past due amounts that are capitalized at modification date.

(2)
Post-modification balances in North America in the first nine months of 2013 include $387 million of residential first mortgages and $75 million of home equity loans to borrowers that have gone through Chapter 7 bankruptcy. These amounts include $265 million of residential first mortgages and $62 million of home equity loans that are newly classified as TDRs as a result of OCC guidance received in the third quarter of 2012, as described above.

(3)
Represents portion of contractual loan principal that is non-interest bearing but still due from borrower. Such deferred principal is charged-off at the time of permanent modification to the extent that the related loan balance exceeds the underlying collateral value.

(4)
Represents portion of contractual loan principal that is non-interest bearing and, depending upon borrower performance, eligible for forgiveness.

(5)
Represents portion of contractual loan principal that is forgiven at the time of permanent modification.

(6)
Commercial markets loans are generally borrower-specific modifications and incorporate changes in the amount and/or timing of principal and/or interest.

152


        The following table presents Consumer TDRs that defaulted(1) during the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively, and for which the payment default occurred within one year of a permanent modification:

 
  Three Months Ended September 30,   Nine Months Ended September 30,  
In millions of dollars   2013   2012   2013   2012  

North America

                         

Residential first mortgages

  $ 440   $ 367   $ 1,221   $ 1,014  

Home equity loans

    51     46     154     99  

Credit cards

    41     103     155     431  

Installment and other revolving

    22     32     67     96  

Commercial markets

    1         3      
                   

Total

  $ 555   $ 548   $ 1,600   $ 1,640  
                   

International

                         

Residential first mortgages

  $ 12   $ 19   $ 48   $ 54  

Home equity loans

                 

Credit cards

    51     48     165     155  

Installment and other revolving

    24     26     82     79  

Commercial markets

    5     2     9     3  
                   

Total

  $ 92   $ 95   $ 304   $ 291  
                   

(1)
Default is defined as 60 days past due, except for classifiably managed commercial markets loans, where default is defined as 90 days past due.

Corporate Loans

        Corporate loans represent loans and leases managed by the Institutional Clients Group in Citicorp or, to a lesser extent, in Citi Holdings. The following table presents information by Corporate loan type as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012:

In millions of dollars   September 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012
 

Corporate

             

In U.S. offices

             

Commercial and industrial

  $ 33,936   $ 26,985  

Financial institutions

    22,813     18,159  

Mortgage and real estate(1)

    29,168     24,705  

Installment, revolving credit and other

    31,084     32,446  

Lease financing

    1,493     1,410  
           

  $ 118,494   $ 103,705  
           

In offices outside the U.S.

             

Commercial and industrial

  $ 86,012   $ 82,939  

Installment, revolving credit and other

    16,783     14,958  

Mortgage and real estate(1)

    6,392     6,485  

Financial institutions

    40,403     37,739  

Lease financing

    538     605  

Governments and official institutions

    1,655     1,159  
           

  $ 151,783   $ 143,885  
           

Total Corporate loans

  $ 270,277   $ 247,590  

Net unearned income (loss)

    (548 )   (797 )
           

Corporate loans, net of unearned income

  $ 269,729   $ 246,793  
           

(1)
Loans secured primarily by real estate.

        The Company sold and/or reclassified (to held-for-sale) $1,786 and $3,958 million of Corporate loans during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013, respectively, and $745 million and $2,384 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively.

        Corporate loans are identified as impaired and placed on a cash (non-accrual) basis when it is determined, based on actual experience and a forward-looking assessment of the collectability of the loan in full, that the payment of interest or principal is doubtful or when interest or principal is 90 days past due, except when the loan is well collateralized and in the process of collection. Any interest accrued on impaired Corporate loans and leases is reversed at 90 days and charged against current earnings, and interest is thereafter included in earnings only to the extent actually received in cash. When there is doubt regarding the ultimate collectability of principal, all cash receipts are thereafter applied to reduce the recorded investment in the loan. While Corporate loans are generally managed based on their internally assigned risk rating (see further discussion below), the following tables present delinquency information by Corporate loan type as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012:

153


Corporate Loan Delinquency and Non-Accrual Details at September 30, 2013

In millions of dollars   30-89 days
past due
and accruing(1)
  ³ 90 days
past due and
accruing(1)
  Total past due
and accruing
  Total
non-accrual(2)
  Total
current(3)
  Total
loans
 

Commercial and industrial

  $ 103   $ 5   $ 108   $ 1,012   $ 117,365   $ 118,485  

Financial institutions

    3         3     341     61,284     61,628  

Mortgage and real estate

    168     259     427     580     33,665     34,672  

Leases

    2     1     3     190     1,838     2,031  

Other

    56     8     64     55     48,592     48,711  

Loans at fair value

                                  4,202  
                           

Total

  $ 332   $ 273   $ 605   $ 2,178   $ 262,744   $ 269,729  
                           

(1)
Corporate loans that are ³ 90 days past due are generally classified as non-accrual. Corporate loans are considered past due when principal or interest is contractually due but unpaid.

(2)
Citi generally does not manage Corporate loans on a delinquency basis. Non-accrual loans generally include those loans that are ³ 90 days past due or those loans for which Citi believes, based on actual experience and a forward-looking assessment of the collectability of the loan in full, that the payment of interest or principal is doubtful.

(3)
Corporate loans are past due when principal or interest is contractually due but unpaid. Loans less than 30 days past due are presented as current.

Corporate Loan Delinquency and Non-Accrual Details at December 31, 2012

In millions of dollars   30-89 days
past due
and accruing(1)
  ³ 90 days
past due and
accruing(1)
  Total past due
and accruing
  Total
non-accrual(2)
  Total
current(3)
  Total
loans
 

Commercial and industrial

  $ 38   $ 10   $ 48   $ 1,078   $ 107,650   $ 108,776  

Financial institutions

    5         5     454     53,858     54,317  

Mortgage and real estate

    224     109     333     680     30,057     31,070  

Leases

    7         7     52     1,956     2,015  

Other

    70     6     76     69     46,414     46,559  

Loans at fair value

                                  4,056  
                           

Total

  $ 344   $ 125   $ 469   $ 2,333   $ 239,935   $ 246,793  
                           

(1)
Corporate loans that are ³ 90 days past due are generally classified as non-accrual. Corporate loans are considered past due when principal or interest is contractually due but unpaid.

(2)
Citi generally does not manage Corporate loans on a delinquency basis. Non-accrual loans generally include those loans that are ³ 90 days past due or those loans for which Citi believes, based on actual experience and a forward-looking assessment of the collectability of the loan in full, that the payment of interest or principal is doubtful.

(3)
Corporate loans are past due when principal or interest is contractually due but unpaid. Loans less than 30 days past due are presented as current.

154


        Citigroup has a risk management process to monitor, evaluate and manage the principal risks associated with its Corporate loan portfolio. As part of its risk management process, Citi assigns numeric risk ratings to its Corporate loan facilities based on quantitative and qualitative assessments of the obligor and facility. These risk ratings are reviewed at least annually or more often if material events related to the obligor or facility warrant. Factors considered in assigning the risk ratings include: financial condition of the obligor, qualitative assessment of management and strategy, amount and sources of repayment, amount and type of collateral and guarantee arrangements, amount and type of any contingencies associated with the obligor, and the obligor's industry and geography.

        The obligor risk ratings are defined by ranges of default probabilities. The facility risk ratings are defined by ranges of loss norms, which are the product of the probability of default and the loss given default. The investment grade rating categories are similar to the category BBB-/Baa3 and above as defined by S&P and Moody's. Loans classified according to the bank regulatory definitions as special mention, substandard and doubtful will have risk ratings within the non-investment grade categories.


Corporate Loans Credit Quality Indicators at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012

 
  Recorded investment in loans(1)  
In millions of dollars   September 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012
 

Investment grade(2)

             

Commercial and industrial

  $ 83,745   $ 73,822  

Financial institutions

    49,844     43,895  

Mortgage and real estate

    13,109     12,587  

Leases

    1,408     1,404  

Other

    44,764     42,575  
           

Total investment grade

  $ 192,870   $ 174,283  
           

Non-investment grade(2)

             

Accrual

             

Commercial and industrial

  $ 33,728   $ 33,876  

Financial institutions

    11,443     9,968  

Mortgage and real estate

    4,263     2,858  

Leases

    433     559  

Other

    3,892     3,915  

Non-accrual

             

Commercial and industrial

    1,012     1,078  

Financial institutions

    341     454  

Mortgage and real estate

    580     680  

Leases

    190     52  

Other

    55     69  
           

Total non-investment grade

  $ 55,937   $ 53,509  
           

Private Banking loans managed on a delinquency basis(2)

  $ 16,720   $ 14,945  

Loans at fair value

    4,202     4,056  
           

Corporate loans, net of unearned income

  $ 269,729   $ 246,793  
           

(1)
Recorded investment in a loan includes net deferred loan fees and costs, unamortized premium or discount, less any direct write-downs.

(2)
Held-for-investment loans accounted for on an amortized cost basis.

        Corporate loans and leases identified as impaired and placed on non-accrual status are written down to the extent that principal is judged to be uncollectible. Impaired collateral-dependent loans and leases, where repayment is expected to be provided solely by the sale of the underlying collateral and there are no other available and reliable sources of repayment, are written down to the lower of cost or collateral value, less cost to sell. Cash-basis loans are returned to an accrual status when all contractual principal and interest amounts are reasonably assured of repayment and there is a sustained period of repayment performance, generally six months, in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan.

155


        The following tables present non-accrual loan information by Corporate loan type at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively, and interest income recognized on non-accrual Corporate loans for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively:


Non-Accrual Corporate Loans

 
  September 30, 2013   Three Months Ended
September 30, 2013
  Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2013
 
In millions of dollars   Recorded
investment(1)
  Unpaid
principal balance
  Related specific
allowance
  Average
carrying value(2)
  Interest income
recognized(4)
  Interest income
recognized(4)
 

Non-accrual Corporate loans

                                     

Commercial and industrial

  $ 1,012   $ 1,286   $ 107   $ 1,044   $ 5   $ 19  

Financial institutions

    341     372     1     400         2  

Mortgage and real estate

    580     734     54     627     1     2  

Lease financing

    190     192     118     155          

Other

    55     185     16     64         1  
                           

Total non-accrual Corporate loans

  $ 2,178   $ 2,769   $ 296   $ 2,290   $ 6   $ 24  
                           

 

 
  December 31, 2012  
In millions of dollars   Recorded
investment(1)
  Unpaid
principal balance
  Related specific
allowance
  Average
carrying value(3)
 

Non-accrual Corporate loans

                         

Commercial and industrial

  $ 1,078   $ 1,368   $ 155   $ 1,076  

Loans to financial institutions

    454     504     14     518  

Mortgage and real estate

    680     810     74     811  

Lease financing

    52     61     16     19  

Other

    69     245     25     154  
                   

Total non-accrual Corporate loans

  $ 2,333   $ 2,988   $ 284   $ 2,578  
                   

 

 
  September 30, 2013   December 31, 2012  
In millions of dollars   Recorded
investment(1)
  Related specific
allowance
  Recorded
investment(1)
  Related specific
allowance
 

Non-accrual Corporate loans with valuation allowances

                         

Commercial and industrial

  $ 498   $ 107   $ 608   $ 155  

Financial institutions

    25     1     41     14  

Mortgage and real estate

    315     54     345     74  

Lease financing

    186     118     47     16  

Other

    43     16     59     25  
                   

Total non-accrual Corporate loans with specific allowance

  $ 1,067   $ 296   $ 1,100   $ 284  
                   

Non-accrual Corporate loans without specific allowance

                         

Commercial and industrial

  $ 514         $ 470        

Financial institutions

    316           413        

Mortgage and real estate

    265           335        

Lease financing

    4           5        

Other

    12           10        
                   

Total non-accrual Corporate loans without specific allowance

  $ 1,111     N/A   $ 1,233     N/A  
                   

(1)
Recorded investment in a loan includes net deferred loan fees and costs, unamortized premium or discount, less any direct write-downs.

(2)
Average carrying value represents the average recorded investment balance and does not include related specific allowance.

(3)
Average carrying value does not include related specific allowance.

(4)
Interest income recognized for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2012 were $25 million and $88 million, respectively.

N/A Not Applicable

156



Corporate Troubled Debt Restructurings

        The following tables provide details on TDR activity and default information as of and for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2013 and September 30, 2012.

        The following table presents TDRs occurring during the three months ended September 30, 2013.

In millions of dollars   Carrying
Value
  TDRs
involving changes
in the amount
and/or timing of
principal payments(1)
  TDRs
involving changes
in the amount
and/or timing of
interest payments(2)
  TDRs
involving changes
in the amount
and/or timing of
both principal and
interest payments
  Balance of
principal forgiven
or deferred
  Net
P&L
impact(3)
 

Commercial and industrial

  $ 11   $   $   $ 11   $   $  

Financial institutions

                         

Mortgage and real estate

    1             1          

Other

    1             1          
                           

Total

  $ 13   $   $   $ 13   $   $  
                           

(1)
TDRs involving changes in the amount or timing of principal payments may involve principal forgiveness or deferral of periodic and/or final principal payments.

(2)
TDRs involving changes in the amount or timing of interest payments may involve a below-market interest rate.

(3)
Balances reflect charge-offs and reserves recorded during the three months ended September 30, 2013 on loans subject to a TDR during the period then ended.

        The following table presents TDRs occurring during the three months ended September 30, 2012.

In millions of dollars   Carrying
Value
  TDRs
involving changes
in the amount
and/or timing of
principal payments(1)
  TDRs
involving changes
in the amount
and/or timing of
interest payments(2)
  TDRs
involving changes
in the amount
and/or timing of
both principal and
interest payments
  Balance of
principal forgiven
or deferred
  Net
P&L
impact(3)
 

Commercial and industrial

  $ 47   $ 47   $   $   $   $  

Financial institutions

                         

Mortgage and real estate

    1             1          

Other

                         
                           

Total

  $ 48   $ 47   $   $ 1   $   $  
                           

(1)
TDRs involving changes in the amount or timing of principal payments may involve principal forgiveness or deferral of periodic and/or final principal payments.

(2)
TDRs involving changes in the amount or timing of interest payments may involve a below-market interest rate.

(3)
Balances reflect charge-offs and reserves recorded during the three months ended September 30, 2012 on loans subject to a TDR during the period then ended.

        The following table presents TDRs occurring during the nine months ended September 30, 2013.

In millions of dollars   Carrying
Value
  TDRs
involving changes
in the amount
and/or timing of
principal payments(1)
  TDRs
involving changes
in the amount
and/or timing of
interest payments(2)
  TDRs
involving changes
in the amount
and/or timing of
both principal and
interest payments
  Balance of
principal forgiven
or deferred
  Net
P&L
impact(3)
 

Commercial and industrial

  $ 100   $ 55   $ 28   $ 17   $   $  

Loans to financial institutions

                         

Mortgage and real estate

    15         14     1          

Other

    5             5          
                           

Total

  $ 120   $ 55   $ 42   $ 23   $   $  
                           

(1)
TDRs involving changes in the amount or timing of principal payments may involve principal forgiveness or deferral of periodic and/or final principal payments.

(2)
TDRs involving changes in the amount or timing of interest payments may involve a below-market interest rate.

(3)
Balances reflect charge-offs and reserves recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 2013 on loans subject to a TDR during the period then ended.

157


        The following table presents TDRs occurring during the nine months ended September 30, 2012.

In millions of dollars   Carrying
Value
  TDRs
involving changes
in the amount
and/or timing of
principal payments(1)
  TDRs
involving changes
in the amount
and/or timing of
interest payments(2)
  TDRs
involving changes
in the amount
and/or timing of
both principal and
interest payments
  Balance of
principal forgiven
or deferred
  Net
P&L
impact(3)
 

Commercial and industrial

  $ 86   $ 71   $ 4   $ 11   $   $ 1  

Loans to financial institutions

                         

Mortgage and real estate

    94     60         34          

Other

                         
                           

Total

  $ 180   $ 131   $ 4   $ 45   $   $ 1  
                           

(1)
TDRs involving changes in the amount or timing of principal payments may involve principal forgiveness or deferral of periodic and/or final principal payments.

(2)
TDRs involving changes in the amount or timing of interest payments may involve a below-market interest rate.

(3)
Balances reflect charge-offs and reserves recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 2012 on loans subject to a TDR during the period then ended.

        The following table presents total corporate loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring at September 30, 2013 and 2012, as well as those TDRs that defaulted during the three and nine months of 2013 and 2012, and for which the payment default occurred within one year of modification.

In millions of dollars   TDR balances at
September 30, 2013
  TDR loans in
payment default
three months ended
September 30, 2013
  TDR loans in
payment default
nine months ended
September 30, 2013
  TDR balances at
September 30, 2012
  TDR loans in
payment default
three months ended
September 30, 2012
  TDR loans in
payment default
nine months ended
September 30, 2012
 

Commercial and industrial

  $ 167   $   $ 15   $ 395   $ 45   $ 52  

Loans to financial institutions

    16             21          

Mortgage and real estate

    202         2     127          

Other

    393             557          
                           

Total

  $ 778   $   $ 17   $ 1,100   $ 45   $ 52  
                           

158


14.   ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES

 
  Three months ended
September 30,
  Nine months ended
September 30,
 
In millions of dollars   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Allowance for loan losses at beginning of period

  $ 21,580   $ 27,611   $ 25,455   $ 30,115  

Gross credit losses(1)

    (2,974 )   (4,516 )   (9,675 )   (13,365 )

Gross recoveries

    544     619     1,759     2,119  
                   

Net credit losses (NCLs)

  $ (2,430 ) $ (3,897 ) $ (7,916 ) $ (11,246 )
                   

NCLs replenishments

  $ 2,430   $ 3,897   $ 7,916   $ 11,246  

Net reserve builds (releases)(1)(2)

    (767 )   (860 )   (1,715 )   (1,715 )

Net specific reserve builds (releases)(1)(2)

    (11 )   (601 )   (508 )   (1,911 )
                   

Total provision for credit losses

  $ 1,652   $ 2,436   $ 5,693   $ 7,620  

Other, net(3)

    (197 )   (234 )   (2,627 )   (573 )
                   

Allowance for loan losses at end of period

  $ 20,605   $ 25,916   $ 20,605   $ 25,916  
                   

Allowance for credit losses on unfunded lending commitments at beginning of period(4)

  $ 1,133   $ 1,104   $ 1,119   $ 1,136  

Provision (release) for unfunded lending commitments

    103     (41 )   114     (72 )

Other, net

    26         29     (1 )
                   

Allowance for credit losses on unfunded lending commitments at end of period(4)

  $ 1,262   $ 1,063   $ 1,262   $ 1,063  
                   

Total allowance for loans, leases, and unfunded lending commitments

  $ 21,867   $ 26,979   $ 21,867   $ 26,979  
                   

(1)
The first quarter of 2012 included approximately $370 million of incremental charge-offs related to previously deferred principal balances on modified mortgages related to anticipated forgiveness of principal in connection with the national mortgage settlement. There was a corresponding approximate $350 million reserve release in the first quarter of 2012 specific to these charge-offs.

(2)
The first, second, and third quarters of 2013 include $148 million, $124 million, and $91 million, respectively, of builds (releases) related to (gains) losses on loan sales. The first, second, and third quarters of 2012 include $60 million, $73 million, and $32 million, respectively, of builds (releases) related to (gains) losses on loan sales.

(3)
The third quarter of 2013 includes a reduction of approximately $214 million related to the sale or transfers to held-for-sale of various loan portfolios. The second quarter of 2013 includes a reduction of approximately $650 million related to the sale or transfers to held-for-sale of various U.S. loan portfolios and a reduction of approximately $360 million related to the Brazil Credicard transfer to Discontinued operations. Additionally, a reduction of approximately $90 million related to a transfer to held-for-sale of a loan portfolio in Greece and a reduction of approximately $220 million related to foreign currency translation. The first quarter of 2013 primarily includes reductions of approximately $855 million related to the sale or transfer to held-for-sale of various U.S. loan portfolios and a reduction of $165 million related to a transfer to held-for-sale of a loan portfolio in Greece. The third quarter of 2012 includes a reduction of approximately $300 million related to the sale or transfers to held-for-sale of various U.S. loan portfolios. The second quarter of 2012 includes a reduction of approximately $175 million related to the sale or transfers to held-for-sale of various U.S. loan portfolios and a reduction of approximately $200 million related to foreign currency translation. The first quarter of 2012 primarily includes reductions of approximately $145 million related to the sale or transfer to held-for-sale of various U.S. loan portfolios.

(4)
Represents additional credit loss reserves for unfunded lending commitments and letters of credit recorded in Other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.


Allowance for Credit Losses and Investment in Loans

 
  Three months ended
September 30, 2013
  Nine months ended
September 30, 2013
 
In millions of dollars   Corporate   Consumer   Total   Corporate   Consumer   Total  

Allowance for loan losses at beginning of period

  $ 2,708   $ 18,872   $ 21,580   $ 2,776   $ 22,679   $ 25,455  

Charge-offs

    (148 )   (2,826 )   (2,974 )   (305 )   (9,370 )   (9,675 )

Recoveries

    52     492     544     119     1,640     1,759  

Replenishment of net charge-offs

    96     2,334     2,430     186     7,730     7,916  

Net reserve releases

    18     (785 )   (767 )   (111 )   (1,604 )   (1,715 )

Net specific reserve builds (releases)

    (45 )   34     (11 )   27     (535 )   (508 )

Other

    12     (209 )   (197 )   1     (2,628 )   (2,627 )
                           

Ending balance

  $ 2,693   $ 17,912   $ 20,605   $ 2,693   $ 17,912   $ 20,605  
                           

 

 
  Three months ended
September 30, 2012
  Nine months ended
September 30, 2012
 
In millions of dollars   Corporate   Consumer   Total   Corporate   Consumer   Total  

Allowance for loan losses at beginning of period

  $ 2,972   $ 24,639   $ 27,611   $ 2,879   $ 27,236   $ 30,115  

Charge-offs

    (196 )   (4,320 )   (4,516 )   (508 )   (12,857 )   (13,365 )

Recoveries

    79     540     619     320     1,799     2,119  

Replenishment of net charge-offs

    117     3,780     3,897     188     11,058     11,246  

Net reserve releases

    1     (861 )   (860 )   78     (1,793 )   (1,715 )

Net specific reserve builds (releases)

    (175 )   (426 )   (601 )   (170 )   (1,741 )   (1,911 )

Other

    19     (253 )   (234 )   30     (603 )   (573 )
                           

Ending balance

  $ 2,817   $ 23,099   $ 25,916   $ 2,817   $ 23,099   $ 25,916  
                           

159


 
  September 30, 2013   December 31, 2012  
In millions of dollars   Corporate   Consumer   Total   Corporate   Consumer   Total  

Allowance for loan losses

                                     

Determined in accordance with ASC 450-20

  $ 2,315   $ 12,632   $ 14,947   $ 2,429   $ 15,703   $ 18,132  

Determined in accordance with ASC 310-10-35

    296     5,251     5,547     284     6,941     7,225  

Determined in accordance with ASC 310-30

    82     29     111     63     35     98  
                           

Total allowance for loan losses

  $ 2,693   $ 17,912   $ 20,605   $ 2,776   $ 22,679   $ 25,455  
                           

Loans, net of unearned income

                                     

Loans collectively evaluated for impairment in accordance with ASC 450-20

  $ 262,888   $ 361,923   $ 624,811   $ 239,849   $ 377,374   $ 617,223  

Loans evaluated for impairment in accordance with ASC 310-10-35

    2,522     24,227     26,749     2,776     29,640     32,416  

Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality in accordance with ASC 310-30

    117     676     793     112     426     538  

Loans held at fair value

    4,202     996     5,198     4,056     1,231     5,287  
                           

Total loans, net of unearned income

  $ 269,729   $ 387,822   $ 657,551   $ 246,793   $ 408,671   $ 655,464  
                           

160


15.   GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Goodwill

        The changes in Goodwill during the first nine months of 2013 were as follows:

In millions of dollars    
 

Balance at December 31, 2012

  $ 25,673  
       

Foreign exchange translation and other

    (199 )
       

Balance at March 31, 2013

  $ 25,474  
       

Foreign exchange translation and other

    (516 )

Discontinued operations

    (62 )
       

Balance at June 30, 2013

  $ 24,896  
       

Foreign exchange translation and other

    220  

Smaller acquisitions/divestitures

    (18 )
       

Balance at September 30, 2013

  $ 25,098  
       

        During the first nine months of 2013, no goodwill was written off due to impairment. The Company performed its annual goodwill impairment test during the third quarter of 2013 resulting in no impairment for any of the reporting units. Goodwill is tested for impairment annually at the reporting unit level and between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount.

        During the third quarter 2013, certain assets were transferred from the legacy Brokerage Asset Management reporting unit to the Special Asset Pool, both components within Citi Holdings. While goodwill affected by a reorganization is typically reassigned to the reporting unit(s) receiving the business(es) using the relative fair value approach, no goodwill was reassigned to the transferred portfolio of assets as they do not represent a business as defined by GAAP. The legacy reporting unit was renamed Latin America Retirement Services and continues to hold the $42 million of goodwill as of September 30, 2013. Additionally, the legacy Local Consumer Lending—Cards reporting unit was renamed Citi Holdings—Cards, but no changes were made to the businesses and assets assigned to the reporting unit.

        Subsequent to July 1, 2013, goodwill will be allocated to disposals and tested for impairment under the new reporting units. An interim goodwill impairment test was performed on the impacted reporting units as of July 1, 2013, resulting in no impairment. There were no other triggering events present during the third quarter of 2013 and therefore no additional goodwill impairment test was performed.

        The fair values of the Company's reporting units as of July 1, 2013 exceeded their carrying values substantially (fair value as a percentage of carrying value ranged from approximately 147% to over 700%) and did not suggest any significant risk of impairment based on current valuations.

        The following table shows reporting units with goodwill balances as of September 30, 2013.

In millions of dollars
Reporting unit
  Goodwill  

North America Regional Consumer Banking

  $ 6,795  

EMEA Regional Consumer Banking

    347  

Asia Regional Consumer Banking

    5,198  

Latin America Regional Consumer Banking

    1,781  

Securities and Banking

    9,229  

Transaction Services

    1,594  

Latin America Retirement Services

    42  

Citi Holdings—Cards

    112  
       

Total

  $ 25,098  
       

161


INTANGIBLE ASSETS

        The components of intangible assets as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 were as follows:

 
  September 30, 2013   December 31, 2012  
In millions of dollars   Gross
carrying
amount
  Accumulated
amortization
  Net
carrying
amount
  Gross
carrying
amount
  Accumulated
amortization
  Net
carrying
amount
 

Purchased credit card relationships

  $ 7,550   $ 5,913   $ 1,637   $ 7,632   $ 5,726   $ 1,906  

Core deposit intangibles

    1,250     1,030     220     1,315     1,019     296  

Other customer relationships

    706     389     317     767     380     387  

Present value of future profits

    238     144     94     239     135     104  

Indefinite-lived intangible assets

    324         324     487         487  

Other(1)

    4,716     2,420     2,296     4,764     2,247     2,517  
                           

Intangible assets (excluding MSRs)

  $ 14,784   $ 9,896   $ 4,888   $ 15,204   $ 9,507   $ 5,697  

Mortgage servicing rights (MSRs)

    2,580         2,580     1,942         1,942  
                           

Total intangible assets

  $ 17,364   $ 9,896   $ 7,468   $ 17,146   $ 9,507   $ 7,639  
                           

(1)
Includes contract-related intangible assets.

        The changes in intangible assets during the first nine months of 2013 were as follows:

In millions of dollars   Net carrying
amount at
December 31,
2012
  Acquisitions/
divestitures
  Amortization   Impairments   FX and
other
  Discontinued
Operations
  Net carrying
amount at
September 30,
2013
 

Purchased credit card relationships

  $ 1,906   $ 36   $ (283 ) $ (4 ) $ (4 ) $ (14 ) $ 1,637  

Core deposit intangibles

    296         (54 )   (21 )   (1 )       220  

Other customer relationships

    387         (27 )       (43 )       317  

Present value of future profits

    104         (9 )       (1 )       94  

Indefinite-lived intangible assets

    487                 (1 )   (162 )   324  

Other

    2,517     66     (231 )       (27 )   (29 )   2,296  
                               

Intangible assets (excluding MSRs)

  $ 5,697   $ 102   $ (604 ) $ (25 ) $ (77 ) $ (205 ) $ 4,888  

Mortgage servicing rights (MSRs)(1)

    1,942                                   2,580  
                               

Total intangible assets

  $ 7,639                                 $ 7,468  
                               

(1)
See Note 19 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for the roll-forward of MSRs.

162


16.   DEBT

Short-Term Borrowings

        Short-term borrowings consist of commercial paper and other borrowings at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 as follows:

In millions of dollars   September 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012
 

Commercial paper

             

Significant Citibank Entities(1)

  $ 17,581   $ 11,092  

Parent(2)

    316     378  
           

  $ 17,897   $ 11,470  

Other borrowings(3)

    41,007     40,557  
           

Total

  $ 58,904   $ 52,027  
           

(1)
Significant Citibank Entities consists of Citibank, N.A. units domiciled in the U.S., Western Europe, Hong Kong and Singapore.

(2)
Parent includes the parent holding company (Citigroup Inc.) and Citi's broker-dealer subsidiaries that are consolidated into Citigroup.

(3)
At September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, collateralized short-term advances from the Federal Home Loan Banks were $11 billion and $4 billion, respectively.

        Borrowings under bank lines of credit may be at interest rates based on LIBOR, CD rates, the prime rate, or bids submitted by the banks. Citigroup pays commitment fees for its lines of credit.

        Some of Citigroup's parent subsidiaries have credit facilities with Citigroup's subsidiary depository institutions, including Citibank, N.A. Borrowings under these facilities are secured in accordance with Section 23A of the Federal Reserve Act.

        Citigroup Global Markets Holdings Inc. (CGMHI) has borrowing agreements consisting of facilities that CGMHI has been advised are available, but where no contractual lending obligation exists. These arrangements are reviewed on an ongoing basis to ensure flexibility in meeting CGMHI's short-term requirements.

Long-Term Debt

In millions of dollars   September 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012
 

Citigroup Inc.(1)

  $ 159,698   $ 176,553  

Bank(2)

    53,004     51,234  

Broker-dealer(3)

    8,891     11,676  
           

Total(4)

  $ 221,593   $ 239,463  
           

(1)
Parent holding company Citigroup Inc.

(2)
Represents the Significant Citibank Entities as well as other Citibank and Banamex entities. At September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, collateralized long-term advances from the Federal Home Loan Banks were $14.3 billion and $16.3, respectively.

(3)
Represents broker-dealer subsidiaries that are consolidated into Citigroup Inc., the parent holding company.

(4)
Includes senior notes with carrying values of $124 million issued to outstanding Safety First Trusts at September 30, 2013 and $186 million issued to these trusts at December 31, 2012. Citigroup owns all of the voting securities of the Safety First Trusts. The Safety First Trusts have no assets, operations, revenues or cash flows other than those related to the issuance, administration and repayment of the Safety First Trust securities and the Safety First Trusts' common securities.

        Long-term debt outstanding includes trust preferred securities with a balance sheet carrying value of $4.3 billion and $10.1 billion at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively. In issuing these trust preferred securities, Citi formed statutory business trusts under the laws of the State of Delaware. The trusts exist for the exclusive purposes of (i) issuing trust preferred securities representing undivided beneficial interests in the assets of the trust; (ii) investing the gross proceeds of the trust preferred securities in junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures (subordinated debentures) of its parent; and (iii) engaging in only those activities necessary or incidental thereto. Generally, upon receipt of certain regulatory approvals, Citigroup has the right to redeem these securities upon the date specified in the respective security. The respective common securities issued by each trust and held by Citigroup are redeemed concurrently with the redemption of the applicable trust preferred securities.

        On September 13, 2013, Citi completed an exchange of $2.225 billion of trust preferred securities under Citigroup Capital XXXIII that were held by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. These securities were exchanged for approximately $2.42 billion of subordinated debt, issued pursuant to two tranches.

163


        The following table summarizes the Company's outstanding trust preferred securities at September 30, 2013:

 
   
   
   
   
   
  Junior subordinated debentures owned by trust  
 
   
   
   
   
  Common
shares
issued
to parent
 
Trust
In millions of dollars, except share amounts
  Issuance
date
  Securities
issued
  Liquidation
value(1)
  Coupon
rate
  Amount   Maturity   Redeemable
by issuer
beginning
 

Citigroup Capital III

    Dec. 1996     194,053   $ 194   7.625%     6,003   $ 200     Dec. 1, 2036     Not redeemable  

Citigroup Capital IX

    Feb. 2003     33,874,813     847   6.000%     1,047,675     873     Feb. 14, 2033     Feb. 13, 2008  

Citigroup Capital X(2)

    Sept. 2003     14,757,823     369   6.100%     456,428     380     Sept. 30, 2033     Sept. 30, 2008  

Citigroup Capital XI

    Sept. 2004     18,387,128     460   6.000%     568,675     474     Sept. 27, 2034     Sept. 27, 2009  

Citigroup Capital XIII

    Sept. 2010     89,840,000     2,246   7.875%     1,000     2,246     Oct. 30, 2040     Oct. 30, 2015  

Citigroup Capital XVII

    Mar. 2007     28,047,927     701   6.350%     20,000     702     Mar. 15, 2067     Mar. 15, 2012  

Citigroup Capital XVIII

    Jun. 2007     99,901     162   6.829%     50     162     June 28, 2067     June 28, 2017  

Adam Capital Trust III

    Dec. 2002     17,500     18   3 mo. LIB
+335 bp.
    542     18     Jan. 7, 2033     Jan. 7, 2008  

Adam Statutory Trust III

    Dec. 2002     25,000     25   3 mo. LIB
+325 bp.
    774     26     Dec. 26, 2032     Dec. 26, 2007  

Adam Statutory Trust IV

    Sept. 2003     40,000     40   3 mo. LIB
+295 bp.
    1,238     41     Sept. 17, 2033     Sept. 17, 2008  

Adam Statutory Trust V

    Mar. 2004     35,000     35   3 mo. LIB
+279 bp.
    1,083     36     Mar. 17, 2034     Mar. 17, 2009  
                                             

Total obligated

              $ 5,097             $ 5,158              
                                             

(1)
Represents the notional value received by investors from the trusts at the time of issuance.

(2)
On August 29, 2013, Citi announced the redemption of Citigroup Capital X. The redemption closed on October 1, 2013.

        In each case, the coupon rate on the subordinated debentures is the same as that on the trust preferred securities. Distributions on the trust preferred securities and interest on the subordinated debentures are payable quarterly, except for Citigroup Capital III and Citigroup Capital XVIII on which distributions are payable semiannually.

164


17.   CHANGES IN ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

        Changes in each component of Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 are as follows:

Three months ended September 30, 2013
In millions of dollars
  Net unrealized
gains (losses)
on investment
securities
  Cash flow
hedges
  Benefit plans   Foreign
currency
translation
adjustment,
net of
hedges
  Accumulated
other
comprehensive
income (loss)
 

Balance at June 30, 2013

  $ (1,290 ) $ (1,671 ) $ (4,615 ) $ (12,348 ) $ (19,924 )
                       

Other comprehensive income before reclassifications

  $ (51 ) $ 177   $ 261   $ 564   $ 951  

Increase (decrease) due to amounts reclassified from AOCI

    (15 )   153     37         175  
                       

Change, net of taxes(1)(2)(3)

    (66 )   330     298     564     1,126  
                       

Balance at September 30, 2013

  $ (1,356 ) $ (1,341 ) $ (4,317 ) $ (11,784 ) $ (18,798 )
                       

 

Nine months ended September 30, 2013:
In millions of dollars
   
   
   
   
   
 

Balance at December 31, 2012

  $ 597   $ (2,293 ) $ (5,270 ) $ (9,930 ) $ (16,896 )
                       

Other comprehensive income before reclassifications

  $ (1,629 ) $ 509   $ 836   $ (1,854 ) $ (2,138 )

Increase (decrease) due to amounts reclassified from AOCI

    (324 )   443     117         236  
                       

Change, net of taxes(1)(2)(3)

    (1,953 )   952     953     (1,854 )   (1,902 )
                       

Balance at September 30, 2013

  $ (1,356 ) $ (1,341 ) $ (4,317 ) $ (11,784 ) $ (18,798 )
                       

 

Three months ended September 30, 2012:
In millions of dollars
   
   
   
   
   
 

Balance at June 30, 2012

  $ (245 ) $ (2,689 ) $ (4,265 ) $ (10,550 ) $ (17,749 )

Change, net of taxes(1)(2)(3)

    776     186     (24 )   1,245     2,183  
                       

Balance at September 30, 2012

  $ 531   $ (2,503 ) $ (4,289 ) $ (9,305 ) $ (15,566 )
                       

 

Nine months ended September 30, 2012:
In millions of dollars
   
   
   
   
   
 

Balance at December 31, 2011

  $ (35 ) $ (2,820 ) $ (4,282 ) $ (10,651 ) $ (17,788 )

Change, net of taxes(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)

    566     317     (7 )   1,346     2,222  
                       

Balance at September 30, 2012

  $ 531   $ (2,503 ) $ (4,289 ) $ (9,305 ) $ (15,566 )
                       

(1)
For the third quarter of 2013, primarily reflects the movements in (by order of impact) the Korean won, Euro, British pound, Mexican peso and Polish zloty against the U.S. dollar, and changes in related tax effects and hedges. For the second quarter of 2013, primarily reflects the movements in (by order of impact) the Mexican peso, Australian dollar, Indian rupee, and Brazilian real against the U.S. dollar, and changes in related tax effects and hedges. For the first quarter of 2013, primarily reflects the movements in (by order of impact) the Mexican peso, Japanese yen, British pound, and Korean won against the U.S. dollar, and changes in related tax effects and hedges. For the third quarter of 2012, the foreign currency translation adjustment primarily reflected the movements in (by order of impact) the Mexican peso, British pound, Chilean peso and Korean won against the U.S. dollar, and changes in related tax effects and hedges. For the second quarter of 2012, primarily reflected the movements in (by order of impact) the Mexican peso, Brazilian real, Indian rupee, Russian ruble and Polish zloty against the U.S. dollar, and changes in related tax effects and hedges. For the first quarter of 2012, primarily reflected the movements in (by order of impact) the Mexican peso, Turkish lira, Japanese yen, Euro and Polish zloty against the U.S. dollar, and changes in related tax effects and hedges.

(2)
For cash flow hedges, primarily driven by Citigroup's pay fixed/receive floating interest rate swap programs that are hedging the floating rates on liabilities.

(3)
For the benefit plans, primarily reflects adjustments based on the periodic actuarial valuations of the Company's benefit plans and amortization of amounts previously recognized in other comprehensive income.

(4)
For net unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities, includes the after-tax impact of realized gains from the sales of minority investments: $672 million from the Company's remaining interest in Housing Development Finance Corporation Ltd. (HDFC); and $421 million from the Company's entire interest in Shanghai Pudong Development Bank (SPDB).

(5)
The after-tax impact due to impairment charges and the loss related to Akbank, included within the foreign currency translation adjustment, was $667 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2012. See Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

165


        The pretax and after-tax changes in each component of Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 are as follows:

Three months ended September 30, 2013:
In millions of dollars
  Pretax   Tax effect   After-tax  

Balance, June 30, 2013

  $ (28,846 ) $ 8,922   $ (19,924 )

Change in net unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities

    (114 )   48     (66 )

Cash flow hedges

    514     (184 )   330  

Benefit plans

    326     (28 )   298  

Foreign currency translation adjustment

    432     132     564  
               

Change

  $ 1,158   $ (32 ) $ 1,126  
               

Balance, September 30, 2013

  $ (27,688 ) $ 8,890   $ (18,798 )
               

 

Nine months ended September 30, 2013:    
   
   
 

Balance, December 31, 2012

  $ (25,334 ) $ 8,438   $ (16,896 )

Change in net unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities

    (3,090 )   1,137     (1,953 )

Cash flow hedges

    1,519     (567 )   952  

Benefit plans

    1,323     (370 )   953  

Foreign currency translation adjustment

    (2,106 )   252     (1,854 )
               

Change

  $ (2,354 ) $ 452   $ (1,902 )
               

Balance, September 30, 2013

  $ (27,688 ) $ 8,890   $ (18,798 )
               

 

Three months ended September 30, 2012:    
   
   
 

Balance, June 30, 2012

  $ (25,892 ) $ 8,143   $ (17,749 )

Change in net unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities

    1,189     (413 )   776  

Cash flow hedges

    294     (108 )   186  

Benefit plans

    (33 )   9     (24 )

Foreign currency translation adjustment

    1,016     229     1,245  
               

Change

  $ 2,466   $ (283 ) $ 2,183  
               

Balance, September 30, 2012

  $ (23,426 ) $ 7,860   $ (15,566 )
               

 

Nine months ended September 30, 2012:    
   
   
 

Balance, December 31, 2011

  $ (25,807 ) $ 8,019   $ (17,788 )

Change in net unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities

    930     (364 )   566  

Cash flow hedges

    512     (195 )   317  

Benefit plans

    125     (132 )   (7 )

Foreign currency translation adjustment

    814     532     1,346  
               

Change

  $ 2,381   $ (159 ) $ 2,222  
               

Balance, September 30, 2012

  $ (23,426 ) $ 7,860   $ (15,566 )
               

166


        During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013, the Company recognized a pretax loss of $286 million ($175 million net of tax) and $416 million ($236 million net of tax), respectively, related to amounts reclassified out of Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into the Consolidated Statement of income.

 
  Increase (decrease) in AOCI due to amounts
reclassified to Consolidated Statement of Income
 
In millions of dollars   Three months ended
September 30, 2013
  Nine months ended
September 30, 2013
 

Realized (gains) losses on sales of investments

  $ (63 ) $ (764 )

OTTI gross impairment losses

    39     270  
           

Subtotal

  $ (24 ) $ (494 )

Tax effect

    9     170  
           

Net realized (gains) losses on investment securities(1)

  $ (15 ) $ (324 )
           

Interest rate contracts

  $ 211   $ 596  

Foreign exchange contracts

    38     124  
           

Subtotal

  $ 249   $ 720  

Tax effect

    (96 )   (277 )
           

Amortization of cash flow hedges(2)

  $ 153   $ 443  
           

Amortization of unrecognized

             

Prior service cost (benefit)

  $ 2   $ 7  

Net actuarial loss

    61     205  

Curtailment/settlement impact

    (2 )   (2 )

Cumulative effect of change in accounting policy(3)(4)

        (20 )
           

Subtotal

  $ 61   $ 190  

Tax effect

    (24 )   (73 )
           

Amortization of benefit plans(3)

  $ 37   $ 117  
           

Foreign currency translation adjustment

  $   $  
           

Total amounts reclassified out of AOCI—pretax

  $ 286   $ 416  

Total tax effect

    (111 )   (180 )
           

Total amounts reclassified out of AOCI—after-tax

  $ 175   $ 236  
           

(1)
The pretax amount is reclassified to Realized gains (losses) on sales of investments, net and Gross impairment losses on the Consolidated Statement of Income. See Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details.

(2)
See Note 20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details.

(3)
See Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details.

(4)
See Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details.

167


18.   PREFERRED STOCK

        The following table summarizes the Company's preferred stock outstanding at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012:

 
   
   
   
  Carrying value
in millions of dollars
 
 
  Dividend
rate
  Redemption
price per depositary
share/preference share
  Number
of depositary
shares
  September 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012
 

Series AA(1)

    8.125 % $ 25     3,870,330   $ 97   $ 97  

Series A(2)

    5.950 %   1,000     1,500,000     1,500     1,500  

Series B(3)

    5.900 %   1,000     750,000     750     750  

Series C(4)

    5.800 %   25     23,000,000     575      

Series D(5)

    5.350 %   1,000     1,250,000     1,250      

Series E(6)

    8.400 %   1,000     121,254     121     121  

Series J(7)

    7.125 %   25     38,000,000     950      

Series F(8)

    8.500 %   25     2,863,369         71  

Series T(9)

    6.500 %   50     453,981         23  
                             

                    $ 5,243   $ 2,562  
                             

(1)
Issued on January 25, 2008 as depositary shares, each representing a 1/1,000th interest in a share of the corresponding series of non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock. Dividends payable quarterly on each February 15, May 15, August 15 and November 15 when, as and if declared by the Citi Board of Directors. Redeemable in whole or in part on any dividend payment date on and after February 15, 2018.

(2)
Issued on October 29, 2012 as depositary shares, each representing a 1/25th interest in a share of the corresponding series of non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock. Dividends payable semi-annually on January 30 and July 30 at a fixed rate until January 30, 2023, thereafter payable quarterly on January 30, April 30, July 30 and October 30 at a floating rate, in each case when, as and if declared by the Citi Board of Directors. Redeemable in whole or in part on any dividend payment date on and after January 30, 2023.

(3)
Issued on December 13, 2012 as depositary shares, each representing a 1/25th interest in a share of the corresponding series of non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock. Dividends payable semi-annually on February 15 and August 15 at a fixed rate until February 15, 2023, thereafter payable quarterly on February 15, May 15, August 15 and November 15 at a floating rate, in each case when, as and if declared by the Citi Board of Directors. Redeemable in whole or in part on any dividend payment date on and after February 15, 2023.

(4)
Issued on March 26, 2013 as depositary shares, each representing a 1/1,000th interest in a share of the corresponding series of non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock. Dividends payable quarterly on January 22, April 22, July 22 and October 22 when, as and if declared by the Citi Board of Directors. Redeemable in whole or in part on any dividend payment date on and after April 22, 2018.

(5)
Issued on April 30, 2013 as depositary shares, each representing a 1/25th interest in a share of the corresponding series of non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock. Dividends payable semi-annually on May 15 and November 15 at a fixed rate until May 15, 2023, thereafter payable quarterly on February 15, May 15, August 15 and November 15 at a floating rate, in each case when, as and if declared by the Citi Board of Directors. Redeemable in whole or in part on any dividend payment date on and after May 15, 2023.

(6)
Issued on April 28, 2008 as depositary shares, each representing a 1/25th interest in a share of the corresponding series of non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock. Dividends payable semi-annually on April 30 and October 30 at a fixed rate until April 30, 2018, thereafter payable quarterly on January 30, April 30, July 30 and October 30 at a floating rate, in each case when, as and if declared by the Citi Board of Directors. Redeemable in whole or in part on any dividend payment date on and after April 30, 2018.

(7)
Issued on September 19, 2013 as depositary shares, each representing a 1/1,000th interest in a share of the corresponding series of non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock. Dividends payable quarterly on March 30, June 30, September 30 and December 30 at a fixed rate until September 30, 2023, thereafter payable quarterly on the same dates at a floating rate, in each case when, as and if declared by the Citi Board of Directors. Redeemable in whole or in part on any dividend payment date on and after September 30, 2023.

(8)
The Series F preferred stock was redeemed in full on June 15, 2013.

(9)
The Series T preferred stock was redeemed in full on June 17, 2013.

        Year-to-date, Citi has distributed approximately $123 million in dividends on its outstanding preferred stock. Based on its preferred stock outstanding as of September 30, 2013, Citi estimates it will distribute preferred dividends of approximately $71 million in the fourth quarter of 2013, and approximately $94 million in the first quarter of 2014, in each case assuming such dividends are approved by Citigroup's Board of Directors.

        On October 31, 2013, Citi issued $1.5 billion of Series K Preferred Stock as depository shares, each representing a 1/1,000th interest in a share of the corresponding series of non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock. The dividend rate is 6.875%, payable quarterly on February 15, May 15, August 15 and November 15, commencing February 15, 2014, until November 15, 2023, and thereafter quarterly on such dates at a floating rate, in each case when, as and if declared by the Citi Board of Directors.

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169


19.   SECURITIZATIONS AND VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES

Uses of SPEs

        A special purpose entity (SPE) is an entity designed to fulfill a specific limited need of the company that organized it. The principal uses of SPEs are to obtain liquidity and favorable capital treatment by securitizing certain of Citigroup's financial assets, to assist clients in securitizing their financial assets and to create investment products for clients. SPEs may be organized in various legal forms including trusts, partnerships or corporations. In a securitization, the company transferring assets to an SPE converts all (or a portion) of those assets into cash before they would have been realized in the normal course of business through the SPE's issuance of debt and equity instruments, certificates, commercial paper and other notes of indebtedness. These issuances are recorded on the balance sheet of the SPE, which may or may not be consolidated onto the balance sheet of the company that organized the SPE.

        Investors usually only have recourse to the assets in the SPE and often benefit from other credit enhancements, such as a collateral account or over-collateralization in the form of excess assets in the SPE, a line of credit, or a liquidity facility, such as a liquidity put option or asset purchase agreement. Because of these enhancements, the SPE issuances can typically obtain a more favorable credit rating from rating agencies than the transferor could obtain for its own debt issuances. This results in less expensive financing costs than unsecured debt. The SPE may also enter into derivative contracts in order to convert the yield or currency of the underlying assets to match the needs of the SPE investors or to limit or change the credit risk of the SPE. Citigroup may be the provider of certain credit enhancements as well as the counterparty to any related derivative contracts.

        Most of Citigroup's SPEs are variable interest entities (VIEs), as described below.

Variable Interest Entities

        VIEs are entities that have either a total equity investment that is insufficient to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support, or whose equity investors lack the characteristics of a controlling financial interest (i.e., ability to make significant decisions through voting rights, and right to receive the expected residual returns of the entity or obligation to absorb the expected losses of the entity). Investors that finance the VIE through debt or equity interests or other counterparties providing other forms of support, such as guarantees, subordinated fee arrangements, or certain types of derivative contracts, are variable interest holders in the entity.

        The variable interest holder, if any, that has a controlling financial interest in a VIE is deemed to be the primary beneficiary and must consolidate the VIE. Citigroup would be deemed to have a controlling financial interest and be the primary beneficiary if it has both of the following characteristics:

        The Company must evaluate its involvement in each VIE and understand the purpose and design of the entity, the role the Company had in the entity's design and its involvement in the VIE's ongoing activities. The Company then must evaluate which activities most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIE and who has the power to direct such activities.

        For those VIEs where the Company determines that it has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the VIE's economic performance, the Company then must evaluate its economic interests, if any, and determine whether it could absorb losses or receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the VIE. When evaluating whether the Company has an obligation to absorb losses that could potentially be significant, it considers the maximum exposure to such loss without consideration of probability. Such obligations could be in various forms, including, but not limited to, debt and equity investments, guarantees, liquidity agreements, and certain derivative contracts.

        In various other transactions, the Company may: (i) act as a derivative counterparty (for example, interest rate swap, cross-currency swap, or purchaser of credit protection under a credit default swap or total return swap where the Company pays the total return on certain assets to the SPE); (ii) act as underwriter or placement agent; (iii) provide administrative, trustee or other services; or (iv) make a market in debt securities or other instruments issued by VIEs. The Company generally considers such involvement, by itself, not to be variable interests and thus not an indicator of power or potentially significant benefits or losses.

170


        Citigroup's involvement with consolidated and unconsolidated VIEs with which the Company holds significant variable interests or has continuing involvement through servicing a majority of the assets in a VIE, each as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, is presented below:

As of September 30, 2013  
 
   
   
   
  Maximum exposure to loss in significant unconsolidated VIEs(1)  
 
   
   
   
  Funded exposures(2)   Unfunded exposures(3)    
 
 
  Total
involvement
with SPE
assets
   
   
   
 
In millions of dollars   Consolidated
VIE / SPE
assets
  Significant
unconsolidated
VIE assets(4)
  Debt
Investments
  Equity
investments
  Funding
commitments
  Guarantees
and
derivatives
  Total  

Citicorp

                                                 

Credit card securitizations(5)

  $ 50,234   $ 50,234   $   $   $   $   $   $  

Mortgage securitizations(6)

                                                 

U.S. agency-sponsored

    240,823         240,823     3,482             38     3,520  

Non-agency-sponsored

    7,738     755     6,983     525                 525  

Citi-administered asset-backed commercial paper conduits (ABCP)

    27,763     27,763                          

Collateralized debt obligations (CDOs)

    4,554         4,554     77                 77  

Collateralized loan obligations (CLOs)

    13,685         13,685     1,498                 1,498  

Asset-based financing

    41,013     991     40,022     15,131     75     2,251     193     17,650  

Municipal securities tender option bond trusts (TOBs)

    13,026     6,991     6,035     47         4,123         4,170  

Municipal investments

    15,962     226     15,736     1,871     2,138     1,335         5,344  

Client intermediation

    1,690     48     1,642     214                 214  

Investment funds

    5,131     3,451     1,680         49             49  

Trust preferred securities

    5,206         5,206         62             62  

Other

    2,404     245     2,159     139     607     27     76     849  
                                   

Total

  $ 429,229   $ 90,704   $ 338,525   $ 22,984   $ 2,931   $ 7,736   $ 307   $ 33,958  
                                   

Citi Holdings

                                                 

Credit card securitizations

  $ 1,904   $ 1,423   $ 481   $   $   $   $   $  

Mortgage securitizations

                                                 

U.S. agency-sponsored

    78,545         78,545     532             136     668  

Non-agency-sponsored

    14,176     1,747     12,429     40             2     42  

Student loan securitizations

    1,561     1,561                          

Collateralized debt obligations (CDOs)

    4,104         4,104     101             87     188  

Collateralized loan obligations (CLOs)

    2,926         2,926     381             110     491  

Asset-based financing

    3,556     3     3,553     625     3     252         880  

Municipal investments

    7,372         7,372     5     218     944         1,167  

Client intermediation

    10     10                          

Investment funds

    1,293         1,293         64             64  

Other

    4,820     4,686     134                      
                                   

Total

  $ 120,267   $ 9,430   $ 110,837   $ 1,684   $ 285   $ 1,196   $ 335   $ 3,500  
                                   

Total Citigroup

  $ 549,496   $ 100,134   $ 449,362   $ 24,668   $ 3,216   $ 8,932   $ 642   $ 37,458  
                                   

(1)
The definition of maximum exposure to loss is included in the text that follows this table.

(2)
Included in Citigroup's September 30, 2013 Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(3)
Not included in Citigroup's September 30, 2013 Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(4)
A significant unconsolidated VIE is an entity where the Company has any variable interest considered to be significant, regardless of the likelihood of loss or the notional amount of exposure.

(5)
As part of its liquidity and funding strategy, during the first quarter of 2013, the Company elected to remove approximately $27 billion of randomly selected credit card receivables from the Master Trust ($12 billion) and Omni Trust ($15 billion) that represented a portion of the excess seller's interest in each trust. Subsequently, during the third quarter of 2013, Citi elected to add approximately $5.9 billion of credit card receivables to the Master Trust from the U.S. Citi-branded cards business' portfolio of eligible unsecuritized credit card receivables (for a discussion of Citi's credit card securitizations, see "Credit Card Securitizations" below). These credit card receivables continue to be included in Consumer loans on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2013.

(6)
Citicorp mortgage securitizations also include agency and non-agency (private-label) re-securitization activities. These SPEs are not consolidated. See "Re-Securitizations" below for further discussion.

171


As of December 31, 2012  
 
   
   
   
  Maximum exposure to loss in significant unconsolidated VIEs(1)  
 
   
   
   
  Funded exposures(2)   Unfunded exposures(3)    
 
 
  Total
involvement
with SPE
assets
   
   
   
 
In millions of dollars   Consolidated
VIE / SPE
assets
  Significant
unconsolidated
VIE assets(4)
  Debt
Investments
  Equity
investments
  Funding
commitments
  Guarantees
and
derivatives
  Total  

Citicorp

                                                 

Credit card securitizations

  $ 77,770   $ 77,770   $   $   $   $   $   $  

Mortgage securitizations(5)

                                                 

U.S. agency-sponsored

    232,741         232,741     3,042             45     3,087  

Non-agency-sponsored

    8,810     1,188     7,622     382                 382  

Citi-administered asset-backed commercial paper conduits (ABCP)

    30,002     22,387     7,615             7,615         7,615  

Collateralized debt obligations (CDOs)

    5,539         5,539     24                 24  

Collateralized loan obligations (CLOs)

    15,120         15,120     642     19             661  

Asset-based financing

    41,399     1,125     40,274     14,798     84     2,081     159     17,122  

Municipal securities tender option bond trusts (TOBs)

    15,163     7,573     7,590     352         4,628         4,980  

Municipal investments

    19,693     255     19,438     2,003     3,049     1,669         6,721  

Client intermediation

    2,486     151     2,335     319                 319  

Investment funds

    4,286     2,196     2,090         14             14  

Trust preferred securities

    12,221         12,221         126             126  

Other

    2,023     115     1,908     113     382     22     76     593  
                                   

Total

  $ 467,253   $ 112,760   $ 354,493   $ 21,675   $ 3,674   $ 16,015   $ 280   $ 41,644  
                                   

Citi Holdings

                                                 

Credit card securitizations

  $ 2,177   $ 1,736   $ 441   $   $   $   $   $  

Mortgage securitizations

                                                 

U.S. agency-sponsored

    106,888         106,888     700             163     863  

Non-agency-sponsored

    17,192     2,127     15,065     43             2     45  

Student loan securitizations

    1,681     1,681                          

Collateralized debt obligations (CDOs)

    4,752         4,752     139             124     263  

Collateralized loan obligations (CLOs)

    4,676         4,676     435         13     108     556  

Asset-based financing

    4,166     3     4,163     984     6     243         1,233  

Municipal investments

    7,766         7,766     90     235     992         1,317  

Client intermediation

    13     13                          

Investment funds

    1,083         1,083         47             47  

Other

    6,005     5,851     154         3             3  
                                   

Total

  $ 156,399   $ 11,411   $ 144,988   $ 2,391   $ 291   $ 1,248   $ 397   $ 4,327  
                                   

Total Citigroup

  $ 623,652   $ 124,171   $ 499,481   $ 24,066   $ 3,965   $ 17,263   $ 677   $ 45,971  
                                   

(1)
The definition of maximum exposure to loss is included in the text that follows this table.

(2)
Included in Citigroup's December 31, 2012 Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(3)
Not included in Citigroup's December 31, 2012 Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(4)
A significant unconsolidated VIE is an entity where the Company has any variable interest considered to be significant, regardless of the likelihood of loss or the notional amount of exposure.

(5)
Citicorp mortgage securitizations also include agency and non-agency (private-label) re-securitization activities. These SPEs are not consolidated. See "Re-Securitizations" below for further discussion.

172


        The previous tables do not include:

        The asset balances for consolidated VIEs represent the carrying amounts of the assets consolidated by the Company. The carrying amount may represent the amortized cost or the current fair value of the assets depending on the legal form of the asset (e.g., security or loan) and the Company's standard accounting policies for the asset type and line of business.

        The asset balances for unconsolidated VIEs where the Company has significant involvement represent the most current information available to the Company. In most cases, the asset balances represent an amortized cost basis without regard to impairments in fair value, unless fair value information is readily available to the Company. For VIEs that obtain asset exposures synthetically through derivative instruments (for example, synthetic CDOs), the tables generally include the full original notional amount of the derivative as an asset balance.

        The maximum funded exposure represents the balance sheet carrying amount of the Company's investment in the VIE. It reflects the initial amount of cash invested in the VIE adjusted for any accrued interest and cash principal payments received. The carrying amount may also be adjusted for increases or declines in fair value or any impairment in value recognized in earnings. The maximum exposure of unfunded positions represents the remaining undrawn committed amount, including liquidity and credit facilities provided by the Company, or the notional amount of a derivative instrument considered to be a variable interest. In certain transactions, the Company has entered into derivative instruments or other arrangements that are not considered variable interests in the VIE (e.g., interest rate swaps, cross-currency swaps, or where the Company is the purchaser of credit protection under a credit default swap or total return swap where the Company pays the total return on certain assets to the SPE). Receivables under such arrangements are not included in the maximum exposure amounts.

173


Funding Commitments for Significant Unconsolidated VIEs—Liquidity Facilities and Loan Commitments

        The following tables present the notional amount of liquidity facilities and loan commitments that are classified as funding commitments in the VIE tables above as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012:

 
  September 30, 2013   December 31, 2012  
In millions of dollars   Liquidity
facilities
  Loan
commitments
  Liquidity
facilities
  Loan
commitments
 

Citicorp

                         

Citi-administered asset-backed commercial paper conduits (ABCP)

  $   $   $ 7,615   $  

Asset-based financing

    5     2,246     6     2,075  

Municipal securities tender option bond trusts (TOBs)

    4,123         4,628      

Municipal investments

        1,335         1,669  

Other

        27         22  
                   

Total Citicorp

  $ 4,128   $ 3,608   $ 12,249   $ 3,766  
                   

Citi Holdings

                         

Collateralized loan obligations (CLOs)

  $   $   $ 13   $  

Asset-based financing

        252         243  

Municipal investments

        944         992  
                   

Total Citi Holdings

  $   $ 1,196   $ 13   $ 1,235  
                   

Total Citigroup funding commitments

  $ 4,128   $ 4,804   $ 12,262   $ 5,001  
                   

Citicorp and Citi Holdings Consolidated VIEs

        The Company engages in on-balance-sheet securitizations which are securitizations that do not qualify for sales treatment; thus, the assets remain on the Company's balance sheet. The consolidated VIEs included in the tables below represent hundreds of separate entities with which the Company is involved. In general, the third-party investors in the obligations of consolidated VIEs have legal recourse only to the assets of the VIEs and do not have such recourse to the Company, except where the Company has provided a guarantee to the investors or is the counterparty to certain derivative transactions involving the VIE. In addition, the assets are generally restricted only to pay such liabilities.

        Thus, the Company's maximum legal exposure to loss related to consolidated VIEs is significantly less than the carrying value of the consolidated VIE assets due to outstanding third-party financing. Intercompany assets and liabilities are excluded from the table. All assets are restricted from being sold or pledged as collateral. The cash flows from these assets are the only source used to pay down the associated liabilities, which are non-recourse to the Company's general assets.

        The following table presents the carrying amounts and classifications of consolidated assets that are collateral for consolidated VIE and SPE obligations as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012:

 
  September 30, 2013   December 31, 2012  
In billions of dollars  
  Citicorp   Citi Holdings   Citigroup   Citicorp   Citi Holdings   Citigroup  

Cash

  $ 0.3   $ 0.2   $ 0.5   $ 0.3   $ 0.2   $ 0.5  

Trading account assets

    0.9         0.9     0.5         0.5  

Investments

    10.8         10.8     10.7         10.7  

Total loans, net

    77.5     9.0     86.5     100.8     11.0     111.8  

Other

    1.3     0.2     1.5     0.5     0.2     0.7  
                           

Total assets

  $ 90.8   $ 9.4   $ 100.2   $ 112.8   $ 11.4   $ 124.2  
                           

Short-term borrowings

  $ 24.2   $   $ 24.2   $ 17.9   $   $ 17.9  

Long-term debt

    29.4     2.1     31.5     23.8     2.6     26.4  

Other liabilities

    1.1     0.1     1.2     1.1     0.1     1.2  
                           

Total liabilities

  $ 54.7   $ 2.2   $ 56.9   $ 42.8   $ 2.7   $ 45.5  
                           

174


Citicorp and Citi Holdings Significant Interests in Unconsolidated VIEs—Balance Sheet Classification

        The following table presents the carrying amounts and classification of significant variable interests in unconsolidated VIEs as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012:

 
  September 30, 2013   December 31, 2012  
In billions of dollars  
  Citicorp   Citi Holdings   Citigroup   Citicorp   Citi Holdings   Citigroup  

Trading account assets

  $ 4.3   $ 0.5   $ 4.8   $ 4.0   $ 0.5   $ 4.5  

Investments

    3.9     0.4     4.3     5.4     0.7     6.1  

Total loans, net

    15.8     0.6     16.4     14.6     0.9     15.5  

Other

    1.9     0.5     2.4     1.4     0.5     1.9  
                           

Total assets

  $ 25.9   $ 2.0   $ 27.9   $ 25.4   $ 2.6   $ 28.0  
                           

Credit Card Securitizations

        The Company securitizes credit card receivables through trusts that are established to purchase the receivables. Citigroup transfers receivables into the trusts on a non-recourse basis. Credit card securitizations are revolving securitizations; as customers pay their credit card balances, the cash proceeds are used to purchase new receivables and replenish the receivables in the trust.

        Substantially all of the Company's credit card securitization activity is through two trusts—Citibank Credit Card Master Trust (Master Trust) and the Citibank Omni Master Trust (Omni Trust). These trusts are treated as consolidated entities because, as servicer, Citigroup has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the trusts, holds a seller's interest and certain securities issued by the trusts, and provides liquidity facilities to the trusts, which could result in potentially significant losses or benefits from the trusts. Accordingly, the transferred credit card receivables remain on Citi's Consolidated Balance Sheet with no gain or loss recognized. The debt issued by the trusts to third parties is included in Citi's Consolidated Balance Sheet.

        The company utilizes securitizations as one of the sources of funding for its business in North America. The following table reflects amounts related to the Company's securitized credit card receivables as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012:

 
  Citicorp   Citi Holdings  
In billions of dollars   September 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012
  September 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012
 

Ownership interests in principal amount of trust credit card receivables

                         

Sold to investors via trust-issued securities

  $ 28.7   $ 22.9   $   $ 0.1  

Retained by Citigroup as trust-issued securities

    7.1     11.9     1.3     1.4  

Retained by Citigroup via non-certificated interests(1)

    13.9     44.6         0.2  
                   

Total ownership interests in principal amount of trust credit card receivables

  $ 49.7   $ 79.4   $ 1.3   $ 1.7  
                   

(1)
As part of its liquidity and funding strategy, during the first quarter of 2013, the Company elected to remove approximately $27 billion of randomly selected credit card receivables from the Master Trust ($12 billion) and Omni Trust ($15 billion) that represented a portion of the excess seller's interest in each trust. Subsequently, during the third quarter of 2013, Citi elected to add approximately $5.9 billion of credit card receivables to the Master Trust from the U.S. Citi-branded cards business' portfolio of eligible unsecuritized credit card receivables. These credit card receivables continue to be included in Consumer loans on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2013.

Credit Card Securitizations—Citicorp

        The following tables summarize selected cash flow information related to Citicorp's credit card securitizations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012:

 
  Three months ended
September 30,
 
In billions of dollars   2013   2012  

Proceeds from new securitizations

  $ 5.4   $ 0.5  

Pay down of maturing notes

        (3.0 )
           

 

 
  Nine months ended
September 30,
 
In billions of dollars   2013   2012  

Proceeds from new securitizations

  $ 9.9   $ 0.5  

Pay down of maturing notes

    (10.1 )   (14.4 )
           

Credit Card Securitizations—Citi Holdings

        The following tables summarize selected cash flow information related to Citi Holding's credit card securitizations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012:

 
  Three months ended
September 30,
 
In billions of dollars   2013   2012  

Proceeds from new securitizations

  $ 0.2   $ 0.3  

Pay down of maturing notes

         
           

 

 
  Nine months ended
September 30,
 
In billions of dollars   2013   2012  

Proceeds from new securitizations

  $ 0.2   $ 0.3  

Pay down of maturing notes

    (0.1 )   (0.1 )
           

175


Managed Loans

        After securitization of credit card receivables, the Company continues to maintain credit card customer account relationships and provides servicing for receivables transferred to the trusts. As a result, the Company considers the securitized credit card receivables to be part of the business it manages. As Citigroup consolidates the credit card trusts, all managed securitized card receivables are on-balance sheet.

Funding, Liquidity Facilities and Subordinated Interests

        As noted above, Citigroup securitizes credit card receivables through two securitization trusts—Master Trust, which is part of Citicorp, and Omni Trust, which is also substantially part of Citicorp. The liabilities of the trusts are included in the Consolidated Balance Sheet, excluding those retained by Citigroup.

        Master Trust issues fixed- and floating-rate term notes. Some of the term notes are issued to multi-seller commercial paper conduits. The weighted average maturity of the term notes issued by the Master Trust was 3.3 years as of September 30, 2013 and 3.8 years as of December 31, 2012.

Master Trust Liabilities (at par value)

In billions of dollars   Sept. 30,
2013
  Dec. 31,
2012
 

Term notes issued to third parties

  $ 24.4   $ 18.6  

Term notes retained by Citigroup affiliates

    5.2     4.8  
           

Total Master Trust liabilities

  $ 29.6   $ 23.4  
           

        The Omni Trust issues fixed- and floating-rate term notes, some of which are purchased by multi-seller commercial paper conduits. The weighted average maturity of the third-party term notes issued by the Omni Trust was 1.0 years as of September 30, 2013 and 1.7 years as of December 31, 2012.

Omni Trust Liabilities (at par value)

In billions of dollars   Sept. 30,
2013
  Dec. 31,
2012
 

Term notes issued to third parties

  $ 4.4   $ 4.4  

Term notes retained by Citigroup affiliates

    1.9     7.1  
           

Total Omni Trust liabilities

  $ 6.3   $ 11.5  
           

Mortgage Securitizations

        The Company provides a wide range of mortgage loan products to a diverse customer base. Once originated, the Company often securitizes these loans through the use of SPEs. These SPEs are funded through the issuance of trust certificates backed solely by the transferred assets. These certificates have the same life as the transferred assets. In addition to providing a source of liquidity and less expensive funding, securitizing these assets also reduces the Company's credit exposure to the borrowers. These mortgage loan securitizations are primarily non-recourse, thereby effectively transferring the risk of future credit losses to the purchasers of the securities issued by the trust. However, the Company's Consumer business generally retains the servicing rights and in certain instances retains investment securities, interest-only strips and residual interests in future cash flows from the trusts and also provides servicing for a limited number of Securities and Banking securitizations. Securities and Banking and Citi Holdings do not retain servicing for their mortgage securitizations.

        The Company securitizes mortgage loans generally through either a government-sponsored agency, such as Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac (U.S. agency-sponsored mortgages), or private-label (non-agency-sponsored mortgages) securitization. The Company is not the primary beneficiary of its U.S. agency-sponsored mortgage securitizations because Citigroup does not have the power to direct the activities of the SPE that most significantly impact the entity's economic performance. Therefore, Citi does not consolidate these U.S. agency-sponsored mortgage securitizations.

        The Company does not consolidate certain non-agency-sponsored mortgage securitizations because Citi is either not the servicer with the power to direct the significant activities of the entity or Citi is the servicer but the servicing relationship is deemed to be a fiduciary relationship and, therefore, Citi is not deemed to be the primary beneficiary of the entity.

        In certain instances, the Company has (i) the power to direct the activities and (ii) the obligation to either absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that could be potentially significant to its non-agency-sponsored mortgage securitizations and, therefore, is the primary beneficiary and thus consolidates the SPE.

176


Mortgage Securitizations—Citicorp

        The following tables summarize selected cash flow information related to Citicorp mortgage securitizations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012:

 
  Three months ended September 30,  
 
  2013   2012  
In billions of dollars   U.S. agency-
sponsored
mortgages
  Non-agency-
sponsored
mortgages
  U.S. agency-
sponsored
mortgages
  Non-agency-
sponsored
mortgages
 

Proceeds from new securitizations

  $ 15.4   $ 2.0   $ 13.8   $ 1.5  

Contractual servicing fees received

    0.1         0.1      

Cash flows received on retained interests and other net cash flows

                 
                   

 

 
  Nine months ended September 30,  
 
  2013   2012  
In billions of dollars   U.S. agency-
sponsored
mortgages
  Non-agency-
sponsored
mortgages
  U.S. agency-
sponsored
mortgages
  Non-agency-
sponsored
mortgages
 

Proceeds from new securitizations

  $ 54.2   $ 5.0   $ 40.7   $ 2.0  

Contractual servicing fees received

    0.3         0.4      

Cash flows received on retained interests and other net cash flows

            0.1      
                   

        Gains (losses) recognized on the securitization of U.S. agency-sponsored mortgages were $3.3 million and $147.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013, gains (losses) recognized on the securitization of non-agency sponsored mortgages were $12.9 million and $44.5 million, respectively.

        Gains (losses) recognized on the securitization of U.S. agency-sponsored mortgages were $2.5 million and $8.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, gains (losses) recognized on the securitization of non-agency sponsored mortgages were $21.9 million and $20.4 million, respectively.

        Key assumptions used in measuring the fair value of retained interests at the date of sale or securitization of mortgage receivables for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 were as follows:

 
  Three months ended September 30, 2013
 
   
  Non-agency-sponsored mortgages(1)
 
  U.S. agency-
sponsored mortgages
  Senior
interests
  Subordinated
interests

Discount rate

  0.8% to 12.2%   3.9%   0.1% to 9.8%

Weighted average discount rate

  10.0%   3.9%   6.1%

Constant prepayment rate

  2.4% to 19.0%   5.4%   0.1% to 11.2%

Weighted average constant prepayment rate          

  4.5%   5.4%   6.8%

Anticipated net credit losses(2)

  NM   47.8%   0.1% to 49.0%

Weighted average anticipated net credit losses

  NM   47.8%   29.6%

Weighted average life

  5.3 to 8.4 years   7.0 years   10.0 to 10.2 years
             

 

 
  Three months September 30, 2012
 
   
  Non-agency-sponsored mortgages(1)
 
  U.S. agency-
sponsored mortgages
  Senior
interests
  Subordinated
interests

Discount rate

  0.2% to 12.9%     4.6% to 17.2%

Weighted average discount rate

  12.0%     9.0%

Constant prepayment rate

  9.4% to 36.4%     3.8% to 8.4%

Weighted average constant prepayment rate

  10.8%     6.6%

Anticipated net credit losses(2)

  NM     35.0% to 60.0%

Weighted average anticipated net credit losses

  NM     44.0%

Weighted average life

  2.4 to 6.3 years     2.5 to 13.1 years
             

177


 
  Nine months ended September 30, 2013
 
   
  Non-agency-sponsored mortgages(1)
 
  U.S. agency-
sponsored mortgages
  Senior
interests
  Subordinated
interests

Discount rate

  0.8% to 12.4%   2.3% to 4.3%   0.1% to 19.2%

Weighted average discount rate

  10.0%   3.4%   7.6%

Constant prepayment rate

  2.4% to 21.4%   5.4% to 10.0%   0.1% to 11.2%

Weighted average constant prepayment rate          

  5.3%   7.2%   6.9%

Anticipated net credit losses(2)

  NM   47.2% to 53.0%   0.1% to 89.0%

Weighted average anticipated net credit losses

  NM   49.3%   49.3%

Weighted average life

  0.1 to 11.8 years   2.9 to 9.7 years   2.5 to 16.5 years
             

 

 
  Nine months ended September 30, 2012
 
   
  Non-agency-sponsored mortgages(1)
 
  U.S. agency-
sponsored mortgages
  Senior
interests
  Subordinated
interests

Discount rate

  0.2% to 14.4%   13.4%   4.6% to 19.3%

Weighted average discount rate

  11.4%   13.4%   13.2%

Constant prepayment rate

  7.3% to 36.4%   8.1%   2.2% to 8.4%

Weighted average constant prepayment rate

  10.2%   8.1%   4.7%

Anticipated net credit losses(2)

  NM   50.5%   35.0% to 62.9%

Weighted average anticipated net credit losses

  NM   50.5%   54.3%

Weighted average life

  1.8 to 11.8 years   9.0 years   2.5 to 13.1 years
             

(1)
Disclosure of non-agency-sponsored mortgages as senior and subordinated interests is indicative of the interests' position in the capital structure of the securitization.

(2)
Anticipated net credit losses represent estimated loss severity associated with defaulted mortgage loans underlying the mortgage securitizations disclosed above. Anticipated net credit losses, in this instance, do not represent total credit losses incurred to date, nor do they represent credit losses expected on retained interests in mortgage securitizations.


NM
Not meaningful. Anticipated net credit losses are not meaningful due to U.S. agency guarantees.

178


        The interests retained by the Company range from highly rated and/or senior in the capital structure to unrated and/or residual interests.

        At September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the key assumptions used to value retained interests, and the sensitivity of the fair value to adverse changes of 10% and 20% in each of the key assumptions, are set forth in the tables below. The negative effect of each change is calculated independently, holding all other assumptions constant. Because the key assumptions may not be independent, the net effect of simultaneous adverse changes in the key assumptions may be less than the sum of the individual effects shown below.

 
  September 30, 2013
 
   
  Non-agency-sponsored mortgages(1)
 
  U.S. agency-
sponsored mortgages
  Senior
interests
  Subordinated
interests

Discount rate

  0.0% to 21.4%   0.5% to 17.3%   0.1% to 20.0%

Weighted average discount rate

  6.4%   7.2%   11.4%

Constant prepayment rate

  6.0% to 23.7%   1.6% to 100.0%   0.1% to 31.2%

Weighted average constant prepayment rate

  12.5%   5.4%   7.1%

Anticipated net credit losses(2)

  NM   0.1% to 81.2%   23.9% to 83.5%

Weighted average anticipated net credit losses

  NM   60.0%   50.7%

Weighted average life

  3.2 to 27.1 years   0.3 to 13.0 years   0.0 to 23.0 years
             

 

 
  December 31, 2012
 
   
  Non-agency-sponsored mortgages(1)
 
  U.S. agency-
sponsored mortgages
  Senior
interests
  Subordinated
interests

Discount rate

  0.6% to 17.2%   1.2% to 24.0%   1.1% to 29.2%

Weighted average discount rate

  6.1%   9.0%   13.8%

Constant prepayment rate

  9.0% to 57.8%   1.9% to 24.9%   0.5% to 29.4%

Weighted average constant prepayment rate

  27.7%   12.3%   10.0%

Anticipated net credit losses(2)

  NM   0.1% to 80.2%   33.4% to 90.0%

Weighted average anticipated net credit losses

  NM   47.0%   54.1%

Weighted average life

  0.3 to 18.3 years   0.4 to 11.2 years   0.0 to 25.7 years
             

(1)
Disclosure of non-agency-sponsored mortgages as senior and subordinated interests is indicative of the interests' position in the capital structure of the securitization.

(2)
Anticipated net credit losses represent estimated loss severity associated with defaulted mortgage loans underlying the mortgage securitizations disclosed above. Anticipated net credit losses, in this instance, do not represent total credit losses incurred to date, nor do they represent credit losses expected on retained interests in mortgage securitizations.

NM
Not meaningful. Anticipated net credit losses are not meaningful due to U.S. agency guarantees.

 
   
  Non-agency-sponsored mortgages(1)  
In millions of dollars at September 30, 2013   U.S. agency-
sponsored mortgages
  Senior
interests
  Subordinated
interests
 

Carrying value of retained interests

  $ 2,650   $ 187   $ 408  
               

Discount rates

                   

Adverse change of 10%

  $ (72 ) $ (4 ) $ (25 )

Adverse change of 20%

    (140 )   (8 )   (47 )

Constant prepayment rate

                   

Adverse change of 10%

    (99 )   (1 )   (5 )

Adverse change of 20%

    (192 )   (3 )   (11 )

Anticipated net credit losses

                   

Adverse change of 10%

    NM     (1 )   (6 )

Adverse change of 20%

    NM     (3 )   (13 )
               

179


 
   
  Non-agency-sponsored mortgages(1)  
In millions of dollars at December 31, 2012   U.S. agency-
sponsored mortgages
  Senior
interests
  Subordinated
interests
 

Carrying value of retained interests

  $ 1,987   $ 88   $ 466  
               

Discount rates

                   

Adverse change of 10%

  $ (46 ) $ (2 ) $ (31 )

Adverse change of 20%

    (90 )   (4 )   (59 )

Constant prepayment rate

                   

Adverse change of 10%

    (110 )   (1 )   (11 )

Adverse change of 20%

    (211 )   (3 )   (22 )

Anticipated net credit losses

                   

Adverse change of 10%

    NM     (1 )   (13 )

Adverse change of 20%

    NM     (3 )   (24 )
               

(1)
Disclosure of non-agency-sponsored mortgages as senior and subordinated interests is indicative of the interests' position in the capital structure of the securitization.

NM
Not meaningful. Anticipated net credit losses are not meaningful due to U.S. agency guarantees.

Mortgage Securitizations—Citi Holdings

        The following tables summarize selected cash flow information related to Citi Holdings mortgage securitizations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012:

 
  Three months ended September 30,  
 
  2013   2012  
In billions of dollars   U.S. agency-
sponsored
mortgages
  Non-agency-
sponsored
mortgages
  U.S. agency-
sponsored
mortgages
  Non-agency-
sponsored
mortgages
 

Proceeds from new securitizations

  $ 0.1   $   $ 0.1   $  

Contractual servicing fees received

    0.1         0.1      
                   

 

 
  Nine months ended September 30,  
 
  2013   2012  
In billions of dollars   U.S. agency-
sponsored
mortgages
  Non-agency-
sponsored
mortgages
  U.S. agency-
sponsored
mortgages
  Non-agency-
sponsored
mortgages
 

Proceeds from new securitizations

  $ 0.1   $   $ 0.3   $  

Contractual servicing fees received

    0.2         0.3      
                   

        Gains (losses) recognized on the securitization of U.S. agency-sponsored mortgages were $7.2 million and $14.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013, respectively. Gains recognized on the securitization of U.S. agency-sponsored mortgages were $8.9 million and $39.7 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively. The Company did not securitize non-agency-sponsored mortgages for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012.

        Similar to Citicorp mortgage securitizations discussed above, the range in the key assumptions is due to the different characteristics of the interests retained by the Company. The interests retained range from highly rated and/or senior in the capital structure to unrated and/or residual interests.

        At September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the key assumptions used to value retained interests, and the sensitivity of the fair value to adverse changes of 10% and 20% in each of the key assumptions, are set forth in the tables below. The negative effect of each change is calculated independently, holding all other assumptions constant. Because the key assumptions may not in fact be independent, the net effect of simultaneous adverse changes in the key assumptions may be less than the sum of the individual effects shown below.

180


 
  September 30, 2013
 
   
  Non-agency-sponsored mortgages(1)
 
  U.S. agency-
sponsored mortgages
  Senior
interests
  Subordinated
interests

Discount rate

  0.0% to 53.8%   10.0% to 16.9%   8.8% to 15.3%

Weighted average discount rate

  11.9%   16.8%   12.1%

Constant prepayment rate

  7.7% to 28.7%   12.7% to 28.7%   7.0% to 7.2%

Weighted average constant prepayment rate

  21.3%   16.1%   7.1%

Anticipated net credit losses

  NM   0.2%   49.5% to 53.1%

Weighted average anticipated net credit losses

  NM   0.2%   51.3%

Weighted average life

  2.3 to 7.8 years   5.1 years   10.1 to 10.5 years
             

 

 
  December 31, 2012
 
   
  Non-agency-sponsored mortgages(1)
 
  U.S. agency-
sponsored mortgages
  Senior
interests
  Subordinated
interests

Discount rate

  0.0% to 52.7%   4.1% to 29.2%   3.4% to 12.4%

Weighted average discount rate

  9.7%   4.2%   8.0%

Constant prepayment rate

  8.2% to 37.4%   21.7% to 26.0%   12.7% to 18.7%

Weighted average constant prepayment rate

  28.6%   21.7%   15.7%

Anticipated net credit losses

  NM   0.5%   50.0% to 50.1%

Weighted average anticipated net credit losses

  NM   0.5%   50.1%

Weighted average life

  2.2 to 7.8 years   2.1 to 4.4 years   6.0 to 7.4 years
             

(1)
Disclosure of non-agency-sponsored mortgages as senior and subordinated interests is indicative of the interests' position in the capital structure of the securitization.

NM
Not meaningful. Anticipated net credit losses are not meaningful due to U.S. agency guarantees.

 
   
  Non-agency-sponsored mortgages(1)  
In millions of dollars at September 30, 2013   U.S. agency-
sponsored mortgages
  Senior
interests
  Subordinated
interests
 

Carrying value of retained interests

  $ 563   $ 46   $ 16  
               

Discount rates

                   

Adverse change of 10%

  $ (20 ) $ (3 ) $ (1 )

Adverse change of 20%

    (39 )   (5 )   (3 )

Constant prepayment rate

                   

Adverse change of 10%

    (34 )   (1 )   (1 )

Adverse change of 20%

    (66 )   (2 )   (1 )

Anticipated net credit losses

                   

Adverse change of 10%

    NM     (8 )   (1 )

Adverse change of 20%

    NM     (16 )   (1 )
               

 

 
   
  Non-agency-sponsored mortgages(1)  
In millions of dollars at December 31, 2012   U.S. agency-
sponsored mortgages
  Senior
interests
  Subordinated
interests
 

Carrying value of retained interests

  $ 618   $ 39   $ 16  
               

Discount rates

                   

Adverse change of 10%

  $ (22 ) $   $ (1 )

Adverse change of 20%

    (42 )   (1 )   (2 )

Constant prepayment rate

                   

Adverse change of 10%

    (57 )   (3 )    

Adverse change of 20%

    (109 )   (7 )   (1 )

Anticipated net credit losses

                   

Adverse change of 10%

    NM     (9 )   (2 )

Adverse change of 20%

    NM     (19 )   (4 )
               

(1)
Disclosure of non-agency-sponsored mortgages as senior and subordinated interests is indicative of the interests' position in the capital structure of the securitization.

NM
Not meaningful. Anticipated net credit losses are not meaningful due to U.S. agency guarantees.

181


Mortgage Servicing Rights

        In connection with the securitization of mortgage loans, the Company's U.S. Consumer mortgage business generally retains the servicing rights, which entitle the Company to a future stream of cash flows based on the outstanding principal balances of the loans and the contractual servicing fee. Failure to service the loans in accordance with contractual requirements may lead to a termination of the servicing rights and the loss of future servicing fees.

        The fair value of capitalized mortgage servicing rights (MSRs) was $2.6 billion and $1.9 billion at September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The MSRs correspond to principal loan balances of $295 billion and $347 billion as of September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The following tables summarize the changes in capitalized MSRs for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012:

 
  Three months ended
September 30,
 
In millions of dollars   2013   2012  

Balance, as of June 30

  $ 2,524   $ 2,117  

Originations

    167     101  

Changes in fair value of MSRs due to changes in inputs and assumptions

    11     (118 )

Other changes(1)

    (121 )   (180 )

Sale of MSRs

    (1 )    
           

Balance, as of September 30

  $ 2,580   $ 1,920  
           

 

 
  Nine months ended
September 30,
 
In millions of dollars   2013   2012  

Balance, beginning of year

  $ 1,942   $ 2,569  

Originations

    543     324  

Changes in fair value of MSRs due to changes in inputs and assumptions

    481     (289 )

Other changes(1)

    (384 )   (684 )

Sale of MSRs

    (2 )    
           

Balance, as of September 30

  $ 2,580   $ 1,920  
           

(1)
Represents changes due to customer payments and passage of time.

        The fair value of the MSRs is primarily affected by changes in prepayments of mortgages that result from shifts in mortgage interest rates. In managing this risk, the Company economically hedges a significant portion of the value of its MSRs through the use of interest rate derivative contracts, forward purchase and sale commitments of mortgage-backed securities and purchased securities classified as Trading account assets.

        The Company receives fees during the course of servicing previously securitized mortgages. The amounts of these fees for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 were as follows:

 
  Three months ended
September 30,
  Nine months ended
September 30,
 
In millions of dollars   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Servicing fees

  $ 196   $ 236   $ 611   $ 757  

Late fees

    12     16     31     49  

Ancillary fees

    27     37     79     90  
                   

Total MSR fees

  $ 235   $ 289   $ 721   $ 896  
                   

        These fees are classified in the Consolidated Statement of Income as Other revenue.

Re-securitizations

        The Company engages in re-securitization transactions in which debt securities are transferred to a VIE in exchange for new beneficial interests. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013, Citi transferred non-agency (private-label) securities with an original par value of approximately $284 million and $680 million, respectively, to re-securitization entities, compared to $541 million and $1.3 billion for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012. These securities are backed by either residential or commercial mortgages and are often structured on behalf of clients.

        As of September 30, 2013, the fair value of Citi-retained interests in private-label re-securitization transactions structured by Citi totaled approximately $376 million ($70 million of which related to re-securitization transactions executed in 2013), and are recorded in Trading account assets. Of this amount, approximately $19 million was related to senior beneficial interests, and approximately $357 million was related to subordinated beneficial interests. As of December 31, 2012, the fair value of Citi retained interests in private label re-securitization transactions structured by Citi totaled approximately $380 million ($128 million of which related to re-securitization transactions executed in 2012). Of this amount, approximately $11 million was related to senior beneficial interests, and approximately $369 million was related to subordinated beneficial interests. The original par value of private-label re-securitization transactions in which Citi holds a retained interest as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 was approximately $6.0 billion and $7.1 billion, respectively.

        The Company also re-securitizes U.S. government-agency guaranteed mortgage-backed (agency) securities. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013, Citi transferred agency securities with a fair value of approximately $5.3 billion and $20.1 billion, respectively, to re-securitization entities, compared to approximately $7.5 billion and $22.1 billion for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012. As of September 30, 2013, the fair value of Citi-retained interests in agency re-securitization transactions structured by Citi totaled approximately $1.5 billion ($1.1 billion of which related to re-securitization transactions executed in 2013) compared to $1.7 billion as of December 31, 2012 ($1.1 billion of which related to re-securitization transactions executed in 2012), which is recorded in Trading account assets. The original fair value of agency re-securitization transactions in which Citi holds a retained interest as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 was approximately $77.7 billion and $71.2 billion, respectively.

        As of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the Company did not consolidate any private-label or agency re-securitization entities.

182


Citi-Administered Asset-Backed Commercial Paper Conduits

        The Company is active in the asset-backed commercial paper conduit business as administrator of several multi-seller commercial paper conduits and also as a service provider to single-seller and other commercial paper conduits sponsored by third parties.

        Citi's multi-seller commercial paper conduits are designed to provide the Company's clients access to low-cost funding in the commercial paper markets. The conduits purchase assets from or provide financing facilities to clients and are funded by issuing commercial paper to third-party investors. The conduits generally do not purchase assets originated by the Company. The funding of the conduits is facilitated by the liquidity support and credit enhancements provided by the Company.

        As administrator to Citi's conduits, the Company is generally responsible for selecting and structuring assets purchased or financed by the conduits, making decisions regarding the funding of the conduits, including determining the tenor and other features of the commercial paper issued, monitoring the quality and performance of the conduits' assets, and facilitating the operations and cash flows of the conduits. In return, the Company earns structuring fees from customers for individual transactions and earns an administration fee from the conduit, which is equal to the income from the client program and liquidity fees of the conduit after payment of conduit expenses. This administration fee is fairly stable, since most risks and rewards of the underlying assets are passed back to the clients. Once the asset pricing is negotiated, most ongoing income, costs and fees are relatively stable as a percentage of the conduit's size.

        The conduits administered by the Company do not generally invest in liquid securities that are formally rated by third parties. The assets are privately negotiated and structured transactions that are generally designed to be held by the conduit, rather than actively traded and sold. The yield earned by the conduit on each asset is generally tied to the rate on the commercial paper issued by the conduit, thus passing interest rate risk to the client. Each asset purchased by the conduit is structured with transaction-specific credit enhancement features provided by the third-party client seller, including over collateralization, cash and excess spread collateral accounts, direct recourse or third-party guarantees. These credit enhancements are sized with the objective of approximating a credit rating of A or above, based on the Company's internal risk ratings. At the respective periods ended September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the conduits had approximately $28 billion and $30 billion of purchased assets outstanding, respectively, and had incremental funding commitments with clients of approximately $16 billion and $14 billion, respectively.

        Substantially all of the funding of the conduits is in the form of short-term commercial paper, with a weighted average life generally ranging from 30 to 55 days. At the respective periods ended September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the weighted average lives of the commercial paper issued by the conduits were approximately 47 and 38 days, respectively.

        The primary credit enhancement provided to the conduit investors is in the form of transaction-specific credit enhancements described above. One conduit holds only loans that are fully guaranteed primarily by AAA-rated government agencies that support export and development financing programs. In addition to the transaction-specific credit enhancements, the conduits, other than the government guaranteed loan conduit, have obtained a letter of credit from the Company, which is equal to at least 8-10% of the conduit's assets with a minimum of $200 million. The letters of credit provided by the Company to the conduits total approximately $1.9 billion and $2.1 billion as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively. The net result across multi-seller conduits administered by the Company, other than the government guaranteed loan conduit, is that, in the event defaulted assets exceed the transaction-specific credit enhancements described above, any losses in each conduit are allocated first to the Company and then the commercial paper investors.

        The Company also provides the conduits with two forms of liquidity agreements that are used to provide funding to the conduits in the event of a market disruption, among other events. Each asset of the conduits is supported by a transaction-specific liquidity facility in the form of an asset purchase agreement (APA). Under the APA, the Company has generally agreed to purchase non-defaulted eligible receivables from the conduit at par. The APA is not generally designed to provide credit support to the conduit, as it generally does not permit the purchase of defaulted or impaired assets. Any funding under the APA will likely subject the underlying conduit clients to increased interest costs. In addition, the Company provides the conduits with program-wide liquidity in the form of short-term lending commitments. Under these commitments, the Company has agreed to lend to the conduits in the event of a short-term disruption in the commercial paper market, subject to specified conditions. The Company receives fees for providing both types of liquidity agreements and considers these fees to be on fair market terms.

        Finally, the Company is one of several named dealers in the commercial paper issued by the conduits and earns a market-based fee for providing such services. Along with third-party dealers, the Company makes a market in the commercial paper and may from time to time fund commercial paper pending sale to a third party. On specific dates with less liquidity in the market, the Company may hold in inventory commercial paper issued by conduits administered by the Company, as well as conduits administered by third parties. The amount of commercial paper issued by its administered conduits held in inventory fluctuates based on market conditions and activity. As of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the Company owned $10.5 billion and $11.7 billion, respectively, of the commercial paper issued by its administered conduits.

        The asset-backed commercial paper conduits are consolidated by the Company. The Company determined that through its roles as administrator and liquidity provider it had the power to direct the activities that most significantly impacted the entities' economic performance. These powers included its ability to structure and approve the assets purchased by the conduits, its ongoing surveillance and credit mitigation activities, its ability to sell or repurchase assets out of the conduits, and its liability management. In addition, as a result of all the Company's involvement described above, it was concluded that the Company had an economic interest that could potentially be significant. However, the assets and liabilities of

183


the conduits are separate and apart from those of Citigroup. No assets of any conduit are available to satisfy the creditors of Citigroup or any of its other subsidiaries.

        During the second quarter of 2013, Citi consolidated the government guaranteed loan conduit it administers that was previously not consolidated due to changes in the primary risks and design of the conduit which were identified as a reconsideration event. Citi, as the administrator and liquidity provider, previously determined it had an economic interest that could potentially be significant. Upon the reconsideration event, it was determined that Citi now had the power to direct the activities that most significantly impacted the conduit's economic performance. The impact of the consolidation resulted in an increase of assets and liabilities of approximately $7 billion, each, and a net pretax gain to the Consolidated Statement of Income of approximately $40 million.

Collateralized Debt and Loan Obligations

        A securitized collateralized debt obligation (CDO) is an SPE that purchases a pool of assets consisting of asset-backed securities and synthetic exposures through derivatives on asset-backed securities and issues multiple tranches of equity and notes to investors.

        A cash CDO, or arbitrage CDO, is a CDO designed to take advantage of the difference between the yield on a portfolio of selected assets, typically residential mortgage-backed securities, and the cost of funding the CDO through the sale of notes to investors. "Cash flow" CDOs are entities in which the CDO passes on cash flows from a pool of assets, while "market value" CDOs pay to investors the market value of the pool of assets owned by the CDO at maturity. In these transactions, all of the equity and notes issued by the CDO are funded, as the cash is needed to purchase the debt securities.

        A synthetic CDO is similar to a cash CDO, except that the CDO obtains exposure to all or a portion of the referenced assets synthetically through derivative instruments, such as credit default swaps. Because the CDO does not need to raise cash sufficient to purchase the entire referenced portfolio, a substantial portion of the senior tranches of risk is typically passed on to CDO investors in the form of unfunded liabilities or derivative instruments. The CDO writes credit protection on select referenced debt securities to the Company or third parties. Risk is then passed on to the CDO investors in the form of funded notes or purchased credit protection through derivative instruments. Any cash raised from investors is invested in a portfolio of collateral securities or investment contracts. The collateral is then used to support the obligations of the CDO on the credit default swaps written to counterparties.

        A securitized collateralized loan obligation (CLO) is substantially similar to the CDO transactions described above, except that the assets owned by the SPE (either cash instruments or synthetic exposures through derivative instruments) are corporate loans and to a lesser extent corporate bonds, rather than asset-backed debt securities.

        A third-party asset manager is typically retained by the CDO/CLO to select the pool of assets and manage those assets over the term of the SPE. The Company is the manager for a limited number of CLO transactions over the term of the SPE.

        The Company earns fees for warehousing assets prior to the creation of a "cash flow" or "market value" CDO/CLO, structuring CDOs/CLOs and placing debt securities with investors. In addition, the Company has retained interests in many of the CDOs/CLOs it has structured and makes a market in the issued notes.

        The Company's continuing involvement in synthetic CDOs/CLOs generally includes purchasing credit protection through credit default swaps with the CDO/CLO, owning a portion of the capital structure of the CDO/CLO in the form of both unfunded derivative positions (primarily super-senior exposures discussed below) and funded notes, entering into interest-rate swap and total-return swap transactions with the CDO/CLO, lending to the CDO/CLO, and making a market in the funded notes.

        Where a CDO/CLO entity issues preferred shares (or subordinated notes that are the equivalent form), the preferred shares generally represent an insufficient amount of equity (less than 10%) and create the presumption that preferred shares are insufficient to finance the entity's activities without subordinated financial support. In addition, although the preferred shareholders generally have full exposure to expected losses on the collateral and uncapped potential to receive expected residual returns, they generally do not have the ability to make decisions significantly affecting the entity's financial results because of their limited role in making day-to-day decisions and their limited ability to remove the asset manager. Because one or both of the above conditions will generally be met, the Company has concluded, even where a CDO/CLO entity issued preferred shares, the entity should be classified as a VIE.

        In general, the asset manager, through its ability to purchase and sell assets or—where the reinvestment period of a CDO/CLO has expired—the ability to sell assets, will have the power to direct the activities of the entity that most significantly impact the economic performance of the CDO/CLO. However, where a CDO/CLO has experienced an event of default or an optional redemption period has gone into effect, the activities of the asset manager may be curtailed and/or certain additional rights will generally be provided to the investors in a CDO/CLO entity, including the right to direct the liquidation of the CDO/CLO entity.

        The Company has retained significant portions of the "super-senior" positions issued by certain CDOs. These positions are referred to as "super-senior" because they represent the most senior positions in the CDO and, at the time of structuring, were senior to tranches rated AAA by independent rating agencies.

        The Company does not generally have the power to direct the activities of the entity that most significantly impact the economic performance of the CDOs/CLOs as this power is generally held by a third-party asset manager of the CDO/CLO. As such, those CDOs/CLOs are not consolidated. The Company may consolidate the CDO/CLO when: (i) the Company is the asset manager and no other single investor has the unilateral ability to remove the Company or unilaterally cause the liquidation of the CDO/CLO, or the Company is not the asset manager but has a unilateral right to remove the third-party asset manager or unilaterally liquidate the CDO/CLO and receive the underlying assets, and (ii) the Company has economic exposure to the entity that could be potentially significant to the entity.

184


        The Company continues to monitor its involvement in unconsolidated CDOs/CLOs to assess future consolidation risk. For example, if the Company were to acquire additional interests in these entities and obtain the right, due to an event of default trigger being met, to unilaterally liquidate or direct the activities of a CDO/CLO, the Company may be required to consolidate the asset entity. For cash CDOs/CLOs, the net result of such consolidation would be to gross up the Company's balance sheet by the current fair value of the securities held by third parties and assets held by the CDO/CLO, which amounts are not considered material. For synthetic CDOs/CLOs, the net result of such consolidation may reduce the Company's balance sheet, because intercompany derivative receivables and payables would be eliminated in consolidation, and other assets held by the CDO/CLO and the securities held by third parties would be recognized at their current fair values.

Key Assumptions and Retained Interests—Citi Holdings

        At September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the key assumptions used to value retained interests, and the sensitivity of the fair value to adverse changes of 10% and 20% in each of the key assumptions, are set forth in the tables below:

 
  September 30, 2013
 
  CDOs   CLOs

Discount rate

  44.3% to 48.7%   1.6% to 1.7%
         

 

 
  December 31, 2012
 
  CDOs   CLOs

Discount rate

  46.9% to 51.6%   1.9% to 2.1%
         

 

 
  September 30, 2013  
In millions of dollars   CDOs   CLOs  

Carrying value of retained interests

  $ 17   $ 1,373  
           

Discount rates

             

Adverse change of 10%

  $ (1 ) $ (9 )

Adverse change of 20%

    (2 )   (18 )
           

 

 
  December 31, 2012  
In millions of dollars   CDOs   CLOs  

Carrying value of retained interests

  $ 16   $ 428  
           

Discount rates

             

Adverse change of 10%

  $ (2 ) $ (2 )

Adverse change of 20%

    (3 )   (4 )
           

Asset-Based Financing

        The Company provides loans and other forms of financing to VIEs that hold assets. Those loans are subject to the same credit approvals as all other loans originated or purchased by the Company. Financings in the form of debt securities or derivatives are, in most circumstances, reported in Trading account assets and accounted for at fair value through earnings. The Company generally does not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact these VIEs' economic performance and thus it does not consolidate them.

Asset-Based Financing—Citicorp

        The primary types of Citicorp's asset-based financings, total assets of the unconsolidated VIEs with significant involvement and the Company's maximum exposure to loss at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 are shown below. For the Company to realize that maximum loss, the VIE (borrower) would have to default with no recovery from the assets held by the VIE.

 
  September 30, 2013  
In billions of dollars   Total
unconsolidated
VIE assets
  Maximum
exposure to
unconsolidated
VIEs
 

Type

             

Commercial and other real estate

  $ 14.2   $ 2.9  

Corporate loans

    2.2     1.8  

Hedge funds and equities

         

Airplanes, ships and other assets

    23.6     13.0  
           

Total

  $ 40.0   $ 17.7  
           

 

 
  December 31, 2012  
In billions of dollars   Total
unconsolidated
VIE assets
  Maximum
exposure to
unconsolidated
VIEs
 

Type

             

Commercial and other real estate

  $ 16.1   $ 3.1  

Corporate loans

    2.0     1.6  

Hedge funds and equities

    0.6     0.4  

Airplanes, ships and other assets

    21.5     12.0  
           

Total

  $ 40.2   $ 17.1  
           

185


        The following tables summarize selected cash flow information related to asset-based financings for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012:

 
  Three months ended
September 30,
 
In billions of dollars   2013   2012  

Cash flows received on retained interests and other net cash flows

  $      
           

 

 
  Nine months ended
September 30,
 
In billions of dollars   2013   2012  

Cash flows received on retained interests and other net cash flows

  $ 0.6      
           

        The effect of adverse changes of 10% and 20% in the discount rate used to determine the fair value of retained interests at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 are set forth below:

 
  September 30, 2013  
In millions of dollars   Asset-based Financing  

Carrying value of retained interests

  $ 1,326  
       

Value of underlying portfolio

       

Adverse change of 10%

  $ (12 )

Adverse change of 20%

    (24 )
       

 

 
  December 31, 2012  
In millions of dollars   Asset-based Financing  

Carrying value of retained interests

  $ 1,726  
       

Value of underlying portfolio

       

Adverse change of 10%

  $ (22 )

Adverse change of 20%

    (44 )
       

Asset-Based Financing—Citi Holdings

        The primary types of Citi Holdings' asset-based financing, total assets of the unconsolidated VIEs with significant involvement and the Company's maximum exposure to loss at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 are shown below. For the Company to realize that maximum loss, the VIE (borrower) would have to default with no recovery from the assets held by the VIE.

 
  September 30, 2013  
In billions of dollars   Total
unconsolidated
VIE assets
  Maximum
exposure to
unconsolidated
VIEs
 

Type

             

Commercial and other real estate

  $ 0.8   $ 0.3  

Corporate loans

    0.1     0.1  

Airplanes, ships and other assets

    2.7     0.5  
           

Total

  $ 3.6   $ 0.9  
           

 

 
  December 31, 2012  
In billions of dollars   Total
unconsolidated
VIE assets
  Maximum
exposure to
unconsolidated
VIEs
 

Type

             

Commercial and other real estate

  $ 0.9   $ 0.3  

Corporate loans

    0.4     0.3  

Airplanes, ships and other assets

    2.9     0.6  
           

Total

  $ 4.2   $ 1.2  
           

        The following tables summarize selected cash flow information related to asset-based financings for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012:

 
  Three months ended
September 30,
 
In billions of dollars   2013   2012  

Cash flows received on retained interests and other net cash flows

  $   $ 0.4  
           

 

 
  Nine months ended
September 30,
 
In billions of dollars   2013   2012  

Cash flows received on retained interests and other net cash flows

  $ 0.2   $ 1.7  
           

        The effects of adverse changes of 10% and 20% in the discount rate used to determine the fair value of retained interests at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 are set forth below:

 
  September 30, 2013  
In millions of dollars   Asset-based Financing  

Carrying value of retained interests

  $ 95  
       

Value of underlying portfolio

       

Adverse change of 10%

  $  

Adverse change of 20%

     
       

 

 
  December 31, 2012  
In millions of dollars   Asset-based Financing  

Carrying value of retained interests

  $ 339  
       

Value of underlying portfolio

       

Adverse change of 10%

  $  

Adverse change of 20%

     
       

186


Municipal Securities Tender Option Bond (TOB) Trusts

        TOB trusts hold fixed- and floating-rate, taxable and tax-exempt securities issued by state and local governments and municipalities. The trusts are typically single-issuer trusts whose assets are purchased from the Company or from other investors in the municipal securities market. The TOB trusts fund the purchase of their assets by issuing long-term, putable floating rate certificates (Floaters) and residual certificates (Residuals). The trusts are referred to as TOB trusts because the Floater holders have the ability to tender their interests periodically back to the issuing trust, as described further below. The Floaters and Residuals evidence beneficial ownership interests in, and are collateralized by, the underlying assets of the trust. The Floaters are held by third-party investors, typically tax-exempt money market funds. The Residuals are typically held by the original owner of the municipal securities being financed.

        The Floaters and the Residuals have a tenor that is equal to or shorter than the tenor of the underlying municipal bonds. The Residuals entitle their holders to the residual cash flows from the issuing trust, the interest income generated by the underlying municipal securities net of interest paid on the Floaters, and trust expenses. The Residuals are rated based on the long-term rating of the underlying municipal bond. The Floaters bear variable interest rates that are reset periodically to a new market rate based on a spread to a high grade, short-term, tax-exempt index. The Floaters have a long-term rating based on the long-term rating of the underlying municipal bond and a short-term rating based on that of the liquidity provider to the trust.

        There are two kinds of TOB trusts: customer TOB trusts and non-customer TOB trusts. Customer TOB trusts are trusts through which customers finance their investments in municipal securities. The Residuals are held by customers and the Floaters by third-party investors, typically tax-exempt money market funds. Non-customer TOB trusts are trusts through which the Company finances its own investments in municipal securities. In such trusts, the Company holds the Residuals and third-party investors, typically tax-exempt money market funds, hold the Floaters.

        The Company serves as remarketing agent to the trusts, placing the Floaters with third-party investors at inception, facilitating the periodic reset of the variable rate of interest on the Floaters and remarketing any tendered Floaters. If Floaters are tendered and the Company (in its role as remarketing agent) is unable to find a new investor within a specified period of time, it can declare a failed remarketing, in which case the trust is unwound. The Company may, but is not obligated to, buy the Floaters into its own inventory. The level of the Company's inventory of Floaters fluctuates over time. As of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the Company held $213 million and $203 million, respectively, of Floaters related to both customer and non-customer TOB trusts.

        For certain non-customer trusts, the Company also provides credit enhancement. As of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, approximately $229 million and $184 million respectively, of the municipal bonds owned by TOB trusts have a credit guarantee provided by the Company.

        The Company provides liquidity to many of the outstanding trusts. If a trust is unwound early due to an event other than a credit event on the underlying municipal bond, the underlying municipal bonds are sold in the market. If there is a shortfall in the trust's cash flows between the redemption price of the tendered Floaters and the proceeds from the sale of the underlying municipal bonds, the trust draws on a liquidity agreement in an amount equal to the shortfall. For customer TOBs where the Residual is less than 25% of the trust's capital structure, the Company has a reimbursement agreement with the Residual holder under which the Residual holder reimburses the Company for any payment made under the liquidity arrangement. Through this reimbursement agreement, the Residual holder remains economically exposed to fluctuations in value of the underlying municipal bonds. These reimbursement agreements are generally subject to daily margining based on changes in value of the underlying municipal bond. In cases where a third party provides liquidity to a non-customer TOB trust, a similar reimbursement arrangement is made whereby the Company (or a consolidated subsidiary of the Company) as Residual holder absorbs any losses incurred by the liquidity provider.

        As of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, liquidity agreements provided with respect to customer TOB trusts totaled $4.2 billion and $4.9 billion, respectively, of which $3.0 billion and $3.6 billion, respectively, were offset by reimbursement agreements. For the remaining exposure related to TOB transactions, where the Residual owned by the customer was at least 25% of the bond value at the inception of the transaction, no reimbursement agreement was executed. The Company also provides other liquidity agreements or letters of credit to customer-sponsored municipal investment funds, which are not variable interest entities, and municipality-related issuers that totaled $6.3 billion and $6.4 billion as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively. These liquidity agreements and letters of credit are offset by reimbursement agreements with various term-out provisions.

        The Company considers the customer and non-customer TOB trusts to be VIEs. Customer TOB trusts are not consolidated by the Company. The Company has concluded that the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the customer TOB trusts is primarily held by the customer Residual holder, which may unilaterally cause the sale of the trust's bonds.

        Non-customer TOB trusts generally are consolidated. Similar to customer TOB trusts, the Company has concluded that the power over the non-customer TOB trusts is primarily held by the Residual holder, which may unilaterally cause the sale of the trust's bonds. Because the Company holds the Residual interest, and thus has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the trust's economic performance, it consolidates the non-customer TOB trusts.

187


Municipal Investments

        Municipal investment transactions include debt and equity interests in partnerships that finance the construction and rehabilitation of low-income housing, facilitate lending in new or underserved markets, or finance the construction or operation of renewable municipal energy facilities. The Company generally invests in these partnerships as a limited partner and earns a return primarily through the receipt of tax credits and grants earned from the investments made by the partnership. The Company may also provide construction loans or permanent loans to the development or operations of real estate properties held by partnerships. These entities are generally considered VIEs. The power to direct the activities of these entities is typically held by the general partner. Accordingly, these entities are not consolidated by the Company.

Client Intermediation

        Client intermediation transactions represent a range of transactions designed to provide investors with specified returns based on the returns of an underlying security, referenced asset or index. These transactions include credit-linked notes and equity-linked notes. In these transactions, the VIE typically obtains exposure to the underlying security, referenced asset or index through a derivative instrument, such as a total-return swap or a credit-default swap. In turn the VIE issues notes to investors that pay a return based on the specified underlying security, referenced asset or index. The VIE invests the proceeds in a financial asset or a guaranteed insurance contract that serves as collateral for the derivative contract over the term of the transaction. The Company's involvement in these transactions includes being the counterparty to the VIE's derivative instruments and investing in a portion of the notes issued by the VIE. In certain transactions, the investor's maximum risk of loss is limited and the Company absorbs risk of loss above a specified level. The Company does not have the power to direct the activities of the VIEs that most significantly impact their economic performance and thus it does not consolidate them.

        The Company's maximum risk of loss in these transactions is defined as the amount invested in notes issued by the VIE and the notional amount of any risk of loss absorbed by the Company through a separate instrument issued by the VIE. The derivative instrument held by the Company may generate a receivable from the VIE (for example, where the Company purchases credit protection from the VIE in connection with the VIE's issuance of a credit-linked note), which is collateralized by the assets owned by the VIE. These derivative instruments are not considered variable interests and any associated receivables are not included in the calculation of maximum exposure to the VIE.

Investment Funds

        The Company is the investment manager for certain investment funds that invest in various asset classes including private equity, hedge funds, real estate, fixed income and infrastructure. The Company earns a management fee, which is a percentage of capital under management, and may earn performance fees. In addition, for some of these funds the Company has an ownership interest in the investment funds. The Company has also established a number of investment funds as opportunities for qualified employees to invest in private equity investments. The Company acts as investment manager to these funds and may provide employees with financing on both recourse and non-recourse bases for a portion of the employees' investment commitments.

        The Company has determined that a majority of the investment entities managed by Citigroup are provided a deferral from the requirements of SFAS 167, Amendments to FASB Interpretation No. 46(R), because they meet the criteria in Accounting Standards Update No. 2010-10, Consolidation (Topic 810), Amendments for Certain Investment Funds (ASU 2010-10). These entities continue to be evaluated under the requirements of ASC 810-10, prior to the implementation of SFAS 167 (FIN 46(R), Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities), which required that a VIE be consolidated by the party with a variable interest that will absorb a majority of the entity's expected losses or residual returns, or both.

Trust Preferred Securities

        The Company has raised financing through the issuance of trust preferred securities. In these transactions, the Company forms a statutory business trust and owns all of the voting equity shares of the trust. The trust issues preferred equity securities to third-party investors and invests the gross proceeds in junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures issued by the Company. The trusts have no assets, operations, revenues or cash flows other than those related to the issuance, administration and repayment of the preferred equity securities held by third-party investors. Obligations of the trusts are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the Company.

        Because the sole asset of each of the trusts is a receivable from the Company and the proceeds to the Company from the receivable exceed the Company's investment in the VIE's equity shares, the Company is not permitted to consolidate the trusts, even though it owns all of the voting equity shares of the trust, has fully guaranteed the trusts' obligations, and has the right to redeem the preferred securities in certain circumstances. The Company recognizes the subordinated debentures on its Consolidated Balance Sheet as long-term liabilities. For additional information, see Note 16 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

188


20.   DERIVATIVES ACTIVITIES

        In the ordinary course of business, Citigroup enters into various types of derivative transactions. These derivative transactions include:

        Citigroup enters into these derivative contracts relating to interest rate, foreign currency, commodity and other market/credit risks for the following reasons:

        Derivatives may expose Citigroup to market, credit or liquidity risks in excess of the amounts recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. Market risk on a derivative product is the exposure created by potential fluctuations in interest rates, foreign-exchange rates and other factors and is a function of the type of product, the volume of transactions, the tenor and terms of the agreement and the underlying volatility. Credit risk is the exposure to loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the transaction where the value of any collateral held is not adequate to cover such losses. The recognition in earnings of unrealized gains on these transactions is subject to management's assessment as to collectability. Liquidity risk is the potential exposure that arises when the size of the derivative position may not be able to be rapidly adjusted at a reasonable cost in periods of high volatility and financial stress.

        Derivative transactions are customarily documented under industry standard master agreements and credit support annexes, which provide that following an uncured payment default or other event of default the non-defaulting party may promptly terminate all transactions between the parties and determine a net amount due to be paid to, or by, the defaulting party. Events of default generally include: (i) failure to make a payment on a derivatives transaction (which remains uncured following applicable notice and grace periods), (ii) breach of a covenant (which remains uncured after applicable notice and grace periods), (iii) breach of a representation, (iv) cross default, either to third-party debt or to another derivatives transaction entered into among the parties, or, in some cases, their affiliates, (v) the occurrence of a merger or consolidation which results in a party becoming a materially weaker credit, and (vi) the cessation or repudiation of any applicable guarantee or other credit support document. An event of default may also occur under a credit support annex if a party fails to make a collateral delivery (which remains uncured following applicable notice and grace periods).

        The enforceability of offsetting rights incorporated in the master netting agreements for derivative transactions is evidenced to the extent that a supportive legal opinion has been obtained from counsel of recognized standing which provides the requisite level of certainty regarding the enforceability of these agreements and that the exercise of rights by the non-defaulting party to terminate and close-out transactions on a net basis under these agreements will not be stayed, or avoided under applicable law upon an event of default including bankruptcy, insolvency or similar proceeding.

        A legal opinion may not have been sought or obtained for certain jurisdictions where local law is silent or sufficiently ambiguous to determine the enforceability of offsetting rights or where adverse case law or conflicting regulation may cast doubt on the enforceability of such rights. In some jurisdictions and for some counterparty types, the insolvency law for a particular counterparty type may be nonexistent or unclear as overlapping regimes may exist. For example, this may be the case for certain sovereigns, municipalities, central banks and U.S. pension plans.

        Exposure to credit risk on derivatives is impacted by market volatility, which may impair the ability of clients to satisfy their obligations to the Company. Credit limits are established and closely monitored for customers engaged in derivatives

189


transactions. Citi considers the level of legal certainty regarding enforceability of its offsetting rights under master netting agreements and credit support annexes to be an important factor in its risk management process. For example, because derivatives executed under master netting agreements where Citi does not have the requisite level of legal certainty regarding enforceability consume much greater amounts of single counterparty credit limits than those executed under enforceable master netting agreements, Citi generally transacts much lower volumes of derivatives under master netting agreements where Citi does not have the requisite level of legal certainty regarding enforceability.

        Cash collateral and security collateral in the form of G10 government debt securities is generally posted to secure the net open exposure of derivative transactions, at a counterparty level, whereby the receiving party is free to comingle/rehypothecate such collateral in the ordinary course of its business. Nonstandard collateral such as corporate bonds, municipal bonds, U.S. agency securities and/or MBS may also be pledged as collateral for derivative transactions. Security collateral posted to open and maintain a master netting agreement with a counterparty, in the form of cash and securities, may from time to time be segregated in an account at a third-party custodian pursuant to a tri-party Account Control Agreement.

190


        Information pertaining to the volume of derivative activity is provided in the tables below. The notional amounts, for both long and short derivative positions, of Citigroup's derivative instruments as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 are presented in the table below.

Derivative Notionals

 
   
   
  Other derivative instruments  
 
  Hedging instruments under
ASC 815 (SFAS 133)(1)(2)
 
 
  Trading derivatives   Management hedges(3)  
In millions of dollars   September 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012
  September 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012
  September 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012
 

Interest rate contracts

                                     

Swaps

  $ 132,113   $ 114,296   $ 34,847,281   $ 30,050,856   $ 122,869   $ 99,434  

Futures and forwards

            5,674,686     4,823,370     51,745     45,856  

Written options

            4,191,921     3,752,905     7,081     22,992  

Purchased options

            4,065,376     3,542,048     3,975     7,890  
                           

Total interest rate contract notionals

  $ 132,113   $ 114,296   $ 48,779,264   $ 42,169,179   $ 185,670   $ 176,172  
                           

Foreign exchange contracts

                                     

Swaps

  $ 23,002   $ 22,207   $ 1,495,744   $ 1,393,368   $ 17,037   $ 16,900  

Futures and forwards

    74,713     70,484     3,495,612     3,484,193     19,990     33,768  

Written options

    201     96     1,169,856     781,698         989  

Purchased options

    587     456     1,153,172     778,438     92     2,106  
                           

Total foreign exchange contract notionals

  $ 98,503   $ 93,243   $ 7,314,384   $ 6,437,697   $ 37,119   $ 53,763  
                           

Equity contracts

                                     

Swaps

  $   $   $ 97,257   $ 96,039   $   $  

Futures and forwards

            22,144     16,171          

Written options

            387,255     320,243          

Purchased options

            355,549     281,236          
                           

Total equity contract notionals

  $   $   $ 862,205   $ 713,689   $   $  
                           

Commodity and other contracts

                                     

Swaps

  $   $   $ 26,606   $ 27,323   $   $  

Futures and forwards

            95,651     75,897          

Written options

            116,027     86,418          

Purchased options

            116,751     89,284          
                           

Total commodity and other contract notionals

  $   $   $ 355,035   $ 278,922   $   $  
                           

Credit derivatives(4)

                                     

Protection sold

  $   $   $ 1,359,642   $ 1,346,494   $   $  

Protection purchased

    95     354     1,413,556     1,412,194     17,250     21,741  
                           

Total credit derivatives

  $ 95   $ 354   $ 2,773,198   $ 2,758,688   $ 17,250   $ 21,741  
                           

Total derivative notionals

  $ 230,711   $ 207,893   $ 60,084,086   $ 52,358,175   $ 240,039   $ 251,676  
                           

(1)
The notional amounts presented in this table do not include hedge accounting relationships under ASC 815 (SFAS 133) where Citigroup is hedging the foreign currency risk of a net investment in a foreign operation by issuing a foreign-currency-denominated debt instrument. The notional amount of such debt was $5,924 million and $4,888 million at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively.

(2)
Derivatives in hedge accounting relationships accounted for under ASC 815 (SFAS 133) are recorded in either Other assets/Other liabilities or Trading account assets/Trading account liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(3)
Management hedges represent derivative instruments used in certain economic hedging relationships that are identified for management purposes, but for which hedge accounting is not applied. These derivatives are recorded in either Other assets/Other liabilities or Trading account assets/Trading account liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(4)
Credit derivatives are arrangements designed to allow one party (protection buyer) to transfer the credit risk of a "reference asset" to another party (protection seller). These arrangements allow a protection seller to assume the credit risk associated with the reference asset without directly purchasing that asset. The Company has entered into credit derivative positions for purposes such as risk management, yield enhancement, reduction of credit concentrations and diversification of overall risk.

191


        The following tables present the gross and net fair values of the Company's derivative transactions, and the related offsetting amount permitted under ASC 210-20-45 and 815-10-45, as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012. Under ASC 210-20-45, gross positive fair values are offset against gross negative fair values by counterparty pursuant to enforceable master netting agreements. Under ASC 815-10-45, payables and receivables in respect of cash collateral received from or paid to a given counterparty pursuant to an enforceable credit support annex are included in the offsetting amount. GAAP does not permit offsetting for security collateral posted. The table also includes amounts that are not permitted to be offset under ASC 210-20-45 and 815-10-45, such as security collateral posted or cash collateral posted at third-party custodians, but would be eligible for offsetting to the extent an event of default occurred and a legal opinion supporting enforceability of the offsetting rights has been obtained.

Derivative Mark-to-Market (MTM) Receivables/Payables

 
  Derivatives classified
in Trading accounts
assets / liabilities(1)(2)(3)
  Derivatives classified
in Other
assets / liabilities(2)(3)
 
In millions of dollars at September 30, 2013   Assets   Liabilities   Assets   Liabilities  

Derivatives instruments designated as ASC 815 (SFAS 133) hedges

                         

Over-the-counter

  $ 1,177   $ 867   $ 3,234   $ 1,013  

Cleared

    3,268     268     9      

Exchange traded

                 
                   

Interest rate contracts

  $ 4,445   $ 1,135   $ 3,243   $ 1,013  
                   

Over-the-counter

  $ 1,412   $ 1,069   $ 1,139   $ 509  

Cleared

                 

Exchange traded

                 
                   

Foreign exchange contracts

  $ 1,412   $ 1,069   $ 1,139   $ 509  
                   

Over-the-counter

  $   $   $   $ 2  

Cleared

                 

Exchange traded

                 
                   

Credit Derivatives

  $   $   $   $ 2  
                   

Total derivative instruments designated as ASC 815 (SFAS 133) hedges

  $ 5,857   $ 2,204   $ 4,382   $ 1,524  
                   

Derivatives instruments not designated as ASC 815 (SFAS 133) hedges

                         

Over-the-counter

  $ 343,188   $ 327,066   $ 123   $ 11  

Cleared

    322,065     327,777     47     147  

Exchange traded

    53     129          
                   

Interest rate contracts

  $ 665,306   $ 654,972   $ 170   $ 158  
                   

Over-the-counter

  $ 85,253   $ 85,930   $ 103   $ 20  

Cleared

    3     1          

Exchange traded

    43     42          
                   

Foreign exchange contracts

  $ 85,299   $ 85,973   $ 103   $ 20  
                   

Over-the-counter

  $ 19,245   $ 28,460   $   $  

Cleared

                 

Exchange traded

    5,953     5,771          
                   

Equity contracts

  $ 25,198   $ 34,231   $   $  
                   

Over-the-counter

  $ 8,331   $ 9,838   $   $  

Cleared

                 

Exchange traded

    1,708     1,148          
                   

Commodity and other contracts

  $ 10,039   $ 10,986   $   $  
                   

Over-the-counter

  $ 43,272   $ 42,707   $ 118   $ 447  

Cleared

    1,770     2,012          

Exchange traded

                 
                   

Credit derivatives(4)

  $ 45,042   $ 44,719   $ 118   $ 447  
                   

Total derivatives instruments not designated as ASC 815 (SFAS 133) hedges

  $ 830,884   $ 830,881   $ 391   $ 625  
                   

Total derivatives

  $ 836,741   $ 833,085   $ 4,773   $ 2,149  
                   

Cash collateral paid/received(5)(6)

  $ 5,349   $ 8,985   $ 327   $ 276  

Less: Netting agreements(7)

    (755,725 )   (755,725 )        

Less: Netting cash collateral received/paid(8)

    (34,616 )   (36,202 )   (3,384 )    
                   

Net receivables/payables(9)

  $ 51,749   $ 50,143   $ 1,716   $ 2,425  
                   

Additional amounts subject to an enforceable master netting agreement but not offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheet

                         

192


Less: Does not meet applicable offsetting guidance

  $   $   $   $  

Less: Cash collateral received/paid

    (391 )   (16 )        

Less: Non-cash collateral received/paid

    (6,268 )   (4,036 )   (127 )    
                   

Total Net receivables/payables(9)

  $ 45,090   $ 46,091   $ 1,589   $ 2,425  
                   

(1)
The trading derivatives fair values are presented in Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

(2)
Derivative mark-to-market receivables/payables related to management hedges are recorded in either Other assets/Other liabilities or Trading account assets/Trading account liabilities.

(3)
Over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives include derivatives executed and settled bilaterally with counterparties without the use of an organized exchange or central clearing house. Cleared derivatives include derivatives executed bilaterally with a counterparty in the OTC market but then novated to a central clearing house, whereby the central clearing house becomes the counterparty to both of the original counterparties. Exchange traded derivatives include derivatives executed directly on an organized exchange that provides pre-trade price transparency.

(4)
The credit derivatives trading assets are composed of $21,197 million related to protection purchased and $23,845 million related to protection sold as of September 30, 2013. The credit derivatives trading liabilities are composed of $25,203 million related to protection purchased and $19,516 million related to protection sold as of September 30, 2013.

(5)
For the trading assets/liabilities, this is the net amount of the $41,551 million and $43,601 million of gross cash collateral paid and received, respectively. Of the gross cash collateral paid, $36,202 million was used to offset derivative liabilities and, of the gross cash collateral received, $34,616 million was used to offset derivative assets.

(6)
For the other assets/liabilities, this is the net amount of the $327 million and $3,660 million of the gross cash collateral paid and received, respectively. Of the gross cash collateral received, $3,384 million was used to offset derivative assets.

(7)
Represents the netting of derivative receivable and payable balances for the same counterparty under enforceable netting agreements. Approximately $426 billion, $327 billion and $3 billion of the netting against trading account asset/liability balances is attributable to OTC, Cleared and Exchange traded derivatives, respectively.

(8)
Represents the netting of cash collateral paid and received by counterparty under enforceable credit support agreements. Substantially all cash collateral received is netted against OTC derivative assets. Cash collateral paid of approximately $34 billion and $2 billion is netted against OTC and Cleared derivative liabilities, respectively.

(9)
The net receivables/payables include approximately $14 billion and $19 billion of derivative asset and liability fair values, respectively, not subject to enforceable master netting agreements.

193


 
  Derivatives classified in Trading
accounts assets / liabilities(1)(2)(3)
  Derivatives classified in Other assets / liabilities(2)(3)  
In millions of dollars at December 31, 2012   Assets   Liabilities   Assets   Liabilities  

Derivatives instruments designated as ASC 815 (SFAS 133) hedges

                         

Over-the-counter

  $ 5,110   $ 1,702   $ 4,574   $ 1,175  

Cleared

    2,685     561         3  

Exchange traded

                 
                   

Interest Rate contracts

  $ 7,795   $ 2,263   $ 4,574   $ 1,178  
                   

Over-the-counter

  $ 341   $ 1,350   $ 978   $ 525  

Cleared

                 

Exchange traded

                 
                   

Foreign exchange contracts

  $ 341   $ 1,350   $ 978   $ 525  
                   

Over-the-counter

  $   $   $   $ 16  

Cleared

                 

Exchange traded

                 
                   

Credit derivatives

  $   $   $   $ 16  
                   

Total derivative instruments designated as ASC 815 (SFAS 133) hedges

  $ 8,136   $ 3,613   $ 5,552   $ 1,719  
                   

Derivatives instruments not designated as ASC 815 (SFAS 133) hedges

                         

Over-the-counter

  $ 485,100   $ 473,446   $ 438   $ 4  

Cleared

    406,384     416,127     11     25  

Exchange traded

    68     56          
                   

Interest Rate contracts

  $ 891,552   $ 889,629   $ 449   $ 29  
                   

Over-the-counter

  $ 75,933   $ 80,695   $ 200   $ 112  

Cleared

    4     4          

Exchange traded

                 
                   

Foreign exchange contracts

  $ 75,937   $ 80,699   $ 200   $ 112  
                   

Over-the-counter

  $ 14,273   $ 28,138   $   $  

Cleared

    53     91          

Exchange traded

    3,883     3,610          
                   

Equity contracts

  $ 18,209   $ 31,839   $   $  
                   

Over-the-counter

  $ 8,889   $ 10,154   $   $  

Cleared

                 

Exchange traded

    1,968     1,977          
                   

Commodity and other Contracts

  $ 10,857   $ 12,131   $   $  
                   

Over-the-counter

  $ 52,809   $ 51,175   $ 102   $ 392  

Cleared

    1,215     1,079          

Exchange traded

                 
                   

Credit derivatives(4)

  $ 54,024   $ 52,254   $ 102   $ 392  
                   

Total Derivatives instruments not designated as ASC 815 (SFAS 133) hedges

  $ 1,050,579   $ 1,066,552   $ 751   $ 533  
                   

Total derivatives

  $ 1,058,715   $ 1,070,165   $ 6,303   $ 2,252  
                   

Cash collateral paid/received(5)(6)

  $ 5,597   $ 7,923   $ 214   $ 658  

Less: Netting agreements(7)

    (970,782 )   (970,782 )        

Less: Netting cash collateral received/paid(8)

    (38,910 )   (55,555 )   (4,660 )    
                   

Net receivables/payables(9)

  $ 54,620   $ 51,751   $ 1,857   $ 2,910  
                   

Additional amounts subject to an enforceable master netting agreement but not offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheet

                         

Less: Does not meet applicable offsetting guidance

  $   $   $   $  

Less: Cash collateral received/paid

    (1,021 )   (10 )        

Less: Non-cash collateral received/paid

    (7,143 )   (5,641 )   (388 )    
                   

Total Net receivables/payables(9)

  $ 46,456   $ 46,100   $ 1,469   $ 2,910  
                   

(1)
The trading derivatives fair values are presented in Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

(2)
Derivative mark-to-market receivables/payables related to management hedges are recorded in either Other assets/Other liabilities or Trading account assets/Trading account liabilities.

(3)
Over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives include derivatives executed and settled bilaterally with counterparties without the use of an organized exchange or central clearing house. Cleared derivatives include derivatives executed bilaterally with a counterparty in the OTC market but then novated to a central clearing house, whereby the central clearing house becomes the counterparty to both of the original counterparties. Exchange traded derivatives include derivatives executed directly on an organized exchange that provides pre-trade price transparency.

(4)
The credit derivatives trading assets are composed of $34,314 million related to protection purchased and $19,710 million related to protection sold as of December 31, 2012. The credit derivatives trading liabilities are composed of $20,424 million related to protection purchased and $31,830 million related to protection sold as of December 31, 2012.

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(5)
For the trading assets/liabilities, this is the net amount of the $61,152 million and $46,833 million of gross cash collateral paid and received, respectively. Of the gross cash collateral paid, $55,555 million was used to offset derivative liabilities and, of the gross cash collateral received, $38,910 million was used to offset derivative assets.

(6)
For the other assets/liabilities, this is the net amount of the $214 million and $5,318 million of the gross cash collateral paid and received, respectively. Of the gross cash collateral received, $4,660 million was used to offset derivative assets.

(7)
Represents the netting of derivative receivable and payable balances for the same counterparty under enforceable netting agreements.

(8)
Represents the netting of cash collateral paid and received by counterparty under enforceable credit support agreements.

(9)
The net receivables/payables include approximately $17 billion and $18 billion of derivative asset and liability fair values, respectively, not subject to enforceable master netting agreements.

        The amounts recognized in Principal transactions in the Consolidated Statement of Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 related to derivatives not designated in a qualifying hedging relationship as well as the underlying non-derivative instruments are presented in Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Citigroup presents this disclosure by business classification, showing derivative gains and losses related to its trading activities together with gains and losses related to non-derivative instruments within the same trading portfolios, as this represents the way these portfolios are risk managed.

        The amounts recognized in Other revenue in the Consolidated Statement of Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 related to derivatives not designated in a qualifying hedging relationship are shown below. The table below does not include the offsetting gains/losses on the hedged items, which amounts are also recorded in Other revenue.

 
  Gains (losses) included in Other revenue  
 
  Three months ended September 30,   Nine months ended September 30,  
In millions of dollars   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Interest rate contracts

  $ 5   $ (122 ) $ (245 ) $ (292 )

Foreign exchange

    867     825     (35 )   59  

Credit derivatives

    (196 )   (398 )   (367 )   (724 )
                   

Total Citigroup

  $ 676   $ 305   $ (647 ) $ (957 )
                   

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Accounting for Derivative Hedging

        Citigroup accounts for its hedging activities in accordance with ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (formerly SFAS 133). As a general rule, hedge accounting is permitted where the Company is exposed to a particular risk, such as interest-rate or foreign-exchange risk, that causes changes in the fair value of an asset or liability or variability in the expected future cash flows of an existing asset, liability or a forecasted transaction that may affect earnings.

        Derivative contracts hedging the risks associated with the changes in fair value are referred to as fair value hedges, while contracts hedging the risks affecting the expected future cash flows are called cash flow hedges. Hedges that utilize derivatives or debt instruments to manage the foreign exchange risk associated with equity investments in non-U.S.-dollar-functional-currency foreign subsidiaries (net investment in a foreign operation) are called net investment hedges.

        If certain hedging criteria specified in ASC 815 are met, including testing for hedge effectiveness, special hedge accounting may be applied. The hedge effectiveness assessment methodologies for similar hedges are performed in a similar manner and are used consistently throughout the hedging relationships. For fair value hedges, the changes in value of the hedging derivative, as well as the changes in value of the related hedged item due to the risk being hedged, are reflected in current earnings. For cash flow hedges and net investment hedges, the changes in value of the hedging derivative are reflected in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in Citigroup's stockholders' equity, to the extent the hedge is effective. Hedge ineffectiveness, in either case, is reflected in current earnings.

        For asset/liability management hedging, the fixed-rate long-term debt would be recorded at amortized cost under current GAAP. However, by electing to use ASC 815 (SFAS 133) fair value hedge accounting, the carrying value of the debt is adjusted for changes in the benchmark interest rate, with any such changes in value recorded in current earnings. The related interest-rate swap is also recorded on the balance sheet at fair value, with any changes in fair value reflected in earnings. Thus, any ineffectiveness resulting from the hedging relationship is recorded in current earnings. Alternatively, a management hedge, which does not meet the ASC 815 hedging criteria, would involve recording only the derivative at fair value on the balance sheet, with its associated changes in fair value recorded in earnings. The debt would continue to be carried at amortized cost and, therefore, current earnings would be impacted only by the interest rate shifts and other factors that cause the change in the swap's value and may change the underlying yield of the debt. This type of hedge is undertaken when hedging requirements cannot be achieved or management decides not to apply ASC 815 hedge accounting. Another alternative for the Company is to elect to carry the debt at fair value under the fair value option. Once the irrevocable election is made upon issuance of the debt, the full change in fair value of the debt would be reported in earnings. The related interest rate swap, with changes in fair value, would also be reflected in earnings, and provides a natural offset to the debt's fair value change. To the extent the two offsets are not exactly equal, the difference is reflected in current earnings.

        Key aspects of achieving ASC 815 hedge accounting are documentation of hedging strategy and hedge effectiveness at the hedge inception and substantiating hedge effectiveness on an ongoing basis. A derivative must be highly effective in accomplishing the hedge objective of offsetting either changes in the fair value or cash flows of the hedged item for the risk being hedged. Any ineffectiveness in the hedge relationship is recognized in current earnings. The assessment of effectiveness excludes changes in the value of the hedged item that are unrelated to the risks being hedged. Similarly, the assessment of effectiveness may exclude changes in the fair value of a derivative related to time value that, if excluded, are recognized in current earnings.

Fair Value Hedges

Hedging of benchmark interest rate risk

        Citigroup hedges exposure to changes in the fair value of outstanding fixed-rate issued debt and certificates of deposit. Depending on the risk management objectives, these types of hedges are designated as either fair value hedges of only the benchmark interest rate risk or fair value hedges of both the benchmark interest rate and foreign exchange risk. The fixed cash flows from those financing transactions are converted to benchmark variable-rate cash flows by entering into, respectively, receive-fixed, pay-variable interest rate swaps or receive-fixed in non-functional currency, pay variable in functional currency swaps. These fair value hedge relationships use either regression or dollar-offset ratio analysis to determine whether the hedging relationships are highly effective at inception and on an ongoing basis.

        Citigroup also hedges exposure to changes in the fair value of fixed-rate assets, including available-for-sale debt securities and loans. When certain interest rates do not qualify as a benchmark interest rate, Citigroup designates the risk being hedged as the risk of changes in overall fair value. The hedging instruments used are receive-variable, pay-fixed interest rate swaps. These fair value hedging relationships use either regression or dollar-offset ratio analysis to determine whether the hedging relationships are highly effective at inception and on an ongoing basis.

Hedging of foreign exchange risk

        Citigroup hedges the change in fair value attributable to foreign-exchange rate movements in available-for-sale securities that are denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of the entity holding the securities, which may be within or outside the U.S. The hedging instrument employed is a forward foreign-exchange contract. In this type of hedge, the change in fair value of the hedged available-for-sale security attributable to the portion of foreign exchange risk hedged is reported in earnings and not Accumulated other comprehensive income—a process that serves to offset substantially the change in fair value of the forward contract that is also reflected in earnings. Citigroup considers the premium associated with forward contracts (differential between spot and contractual forward rates) as the cost of hedging; this is excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness and reflected directly in earnings. The dollar-offset method is used to assess hedge effectiveness. Since that

196


assessment is based on changes in fair value attributable to changes in spot rates on both the available-for-sale securities and the forward contracts for the portion of the relationship hedged, the amount of hedge ineffectiveness is not significant.

        The following table summarizes the gains (losses) on the Company's fair value hedges for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012:

 
  Gains (losses) on fair value hedges(1)  
 
  Three months ended September 30,   Nine months ended September 30,  
In millions of dollars   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Gain (loss) on the derivatives in designated and qualifying fair value hedges

                         

Interest rate contracts

  $ (97 ) $ 297   $ (2,588 ) $ 750  

Foreign exchange contracts

    343     196     90     600  
                   

Total gain (loss) on the derivatives in designated and qualifying fair value hedges

  $ 246   $ 493   $ (2,498 ) $ 1,350  
                   

Gain (loss) on the hedged item in designated and qualifying fair value hedges

                         

Interest rate hedges

  $ 51   $ (418 ) $ 2,519   $ (953 )

Foreign exchange hedges

    (296 )   (172 )   6     (542 )
                   

Total gain (loss) on the hedged item in designated and qualifying fair value hedges

  $ (245 ) $ (590 ) $ 2,525   $ (1,495 )
                   

Hedge ineffectiveness recognized in earnings on designated and qualifying fair value hedges

                         

Interest rate hedges

  $ (46 ) $ (121 ) $ (69 ) $ (203 )

Foreign exchange hedges

    2     (11 )   (4 )    
                   

Total hedge ineffectiveness recognized in earnings on designated and qualifying fair value hedges

  $ (44 ) $ (132 ) $ (73 ) $ (203 )
                   

Net gain (loss) excluded from assessment of the effectiveness of fair value hedges

                         

Interest rate contracts

  $   $   $   $  

Foreign exchange contracts

    45     35     100     58  
                   

Total net gain (loss) excluded from assessment of the effectiveness of fair value hedges

  $ 45   $ 35   $ 100   $ 58  
                   

(1)
Amounts are included in Other revenue on the Consolidated Statement of Income. The accrued interest income on fair value hedges is recorded in Net interest revenue and is excluded from this table.

Cash Flow Hedges

Hedging of benchmark interest rate risk

        Citigroup hedges variable cash flows resulting from floating-rate liabilities and rollover (re-issuance) of liabilities. Variable cash flows from those liabilities are converted to fixed-rate cash flows by entering into receive-variable, pay-fixed interest rate swaps and receive-variable, pay-fixed forward-starting interest rate swaps. Citi also hedges variable cash flows from recognized and forecasted floating-rate assets and origination of short-term assets. Variable cash flows from those assets are converted to fixed-rate cash flows by entering into receive-fixed, pay-variable interest rate swaps. These cash-flow hedging relationships use either regression analysis or dollar-offset ratio analysis to assess whether the hedging relationships are highly effective at inception and on an ongoing basis. When certain interest rates do not qualify as a benchmark interest rate, Citigroup designates the risk being hedged as the risk of overall changes in the hedged cash flows. Since efforts are made to match the terms of the derivatives to those of the hedged forecasted cash flows as closely as possible, the amount of hedge ineffectiveness is not significant.

Hedging of foreign exchange risk

        Citigroup locks in the functional currency equivalent cash flows of long-term debt and short-term borrowings that are denominated in a currency other than the functional currency of the issuing entity. Depending on the risk management objectives, these types of hedges are designated as either cash flow hedges of only foreign exchange risk or cash flow hedges of both foreign exchange and interest rate risk, and the hedging instruments used are foreign exchange cross-currency swaps and forward contracts. These cash flow hedge relationships use dollar-offset ratio analysis to determine whether the hedging relationships are highly effective at inception and on an ongoing basis.

Hedging of overall changes in cash flows

        Citigroup hedges the overall exposure to variability in cash flows related to the future acquisition of mortgage-backed securities using "to be announced" forward contracts. Since the hedged transaction is the gross settlement of the forward, the assessment of hedge effectiveness is based on assuring that the terms of the hedging instrument and the hedged forecasted transaction are the same.

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Hedging total return

        Citigroup generally manages the risk associated with leveraged loans it has originated or in which it participates by transferring a majority of its exposure to the market through SPEs prior to or shortly after funding. Retained exposures to leveraged loans receivable are generally hedged using total return swaps.

        The amount of hedge ineffectiveness on the cash flow hedges recognized in earnings for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 is not significant.

        The pretax change in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) from cash flow hedges is presented below:

 
  Three months ended September 30,   Nine months ended September 30,  
In millions of dollars   2013   2012   2013   2012  

Effective portion of cash flow hedges included in AOCI

                         

Interest rate contracts

  $ 230   $ (60 ) $ 748   $ (327 )

Foreign exchange contracts

    34     112     37     52  

Credit derivatives

    1         14      
                   

Total effective portion of cash flow hedges included in AOCI

  $ 265   $ 52   $ 799   $ (275 )
                   

Effective portion of cash flow hedges reclassified from AOCI to earnings

                         

Interest rate contracts

  $ (211 ) $ (186 ) $ (596 ) $ (647 )

Foreign exchange contracts

    (38 )   (56 )   (124 )   (140 )
                   

Total effective portion of cash flow hedges reclassified from AOCI to earnings(1)

  $ (249 ) $ (242 ) $ (720 ) $ (787 )
                   

(1)
Included primarily in Other revenue and Net interest revenue on the Consolidated Income Statement.

        For cash flow hedges, any changes in the fair value of the end-user derivative remaining in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) on the Consolidated Balance Sheet will be included in earnings of future periods to offset the variability of the hedged cash flows when such cash flows affect earnings. The net loss associated with cash flow hedges expected to be reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) within 12 months of September 30, 2013 is approximately $0.7 billion. The maximum length of time over which forecasted cash flows are hedged is 10 years.

        The after-tax impact of cash flow hedges on AOCI is shown in Note 17 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Net Investment Hedges

        Consistent with ASC 830-20, Foreign Currency Matters—Foreign Currency Transactions (formerly SFAS 52, Foreign Currency Translation), ASC 815 allows hedging of the foreign currency risk of a net investment in a foreign operation. Citigroup uses foreign currency forwards, options and foreign-currency-denominated debt instruments to manage the foreign exchange risk associated with Citigroup's equity investments in several non-U.S.-dollar-functional-currency foreign subsidiaries. Citigroup records the change in the carrying amount of these investments in the Foreign currency translation adjustment account within Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Simultaneously, the effective portion of the hedge of this exposure is also recorded in the Foreign currency translation adjustment account and the ineffective portion, if any, is immediately recorded in earnings.

        For derivatives designated as net investment hedges, Citigroup follows the forward-rate method from FASB Derivative Implementation Group Issue H8 (now ASC 815-35-35-16 through 35-26), "Foreign Currency Hedges: Measuring the Amount of Ineffectiveness in a Net Investment Hedge." According to that method, all changes in fair value, including changes related to the forward-rate component of the foreign currency forward contracts and the time value of foreign currency options, are recorded in the Foreign currency translation adjustment account within Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).

        For foreign-currency-denominated debt instruments that are designated as hedges of net investments, the translation gain or loss that is recorded in the Foreign currency translation adjustment account is based on the spot exchange rate between the functional currency of the respective subsidiary and the U.S. dollar, which is the functional currency of Citigroup. To the extent the notional amount of the hedging instrument exactly matches the hedged net investment and the underlying exchange rate of the derivative hedging instrument relates to the exchange rate between the functional currency of the net investment and Citigroup's functional currency (or, in the case of a non-derivative debt instrument, such instrument is denominated in the functional currency of the net investment), no ineffectiveness is recorded in earnings.

        The pretax gain (loss) recorded in the Foreign currency translation adjustment account within Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), related to the effective portion of the net investment hedges, is $(534) million and $1,527 million for the three-and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2013, respectively and $(1,580) million and $(2,636) million for the three-and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2012, respectively.

198


Credit Derivatives

        A credit derivative is a bilateral contract between a buyer and a seller under which the seller agrees to provide protection to the buyer against the credit risk of a particular entity ("reference entity" or "reference credit"). Credit derivatives generally require that the seller of credit protection make payments to the buyer upon the occurrence of predefined credit events (commonly referred to as "settlement triggers"). These settlement triggers are defined by the form of the derivative and the reference credit and are generally limited to the market standard of failure to pay on indebtedness and bankruptcy of the reference credit and, in a more limited range of transactions, debt restructuring. Credit derivative transactions referring to emerging market reference credits will also typically include additional settlement triggers to cover the acceleration of indebtedness and the risk of repudiation or a payment moratorium. In certain transactions, protection may be provided on a portfolio of reference credits or asset-backed securities. The seller of such protection may not be required to make payment until a specified amount of losses has occurred with respect to the portfolio and/or may only be required to pay for losses up to a specified amount.

        The Company makes markets and trades a range of credit derivatives. Through these contracts, the Company either purchases or writes protection on either a single name or a portfolio of reference credits. The Company also uses credit derivatives to help mitigate credit risk in its Corporate and Consumer loan portfolios and other cash positions, and to facilitate client transactions.

        The range of credit derivatives sold includes credit default swaps, total return swaps, credit options and credit-linked notes.

        A credit default swap is a contract in which, for a fee, a protection seller agrees to reimburse a protection buyer for any losses that occur due to a credit event on a reference entity. If there is no credit default event or settlement trigger, as defined by the specific derivative contract, then the protection seller makes no payments to the protection buyer and receives only the contractually specified fee. However, if a credit event occurs as defined in the specific derivative contract sold, the protection seller will be required to make a payment to the protection buyer.

        A total return swap transfers the total economic performance of a reference asset, which includes all associated cash flows, as well as capital appreciation or depreciation. The protection buyer receives a floating rate of interest and any depreciation on the reference asset from the protection seller and, in return, the protection seller receives the cash flows associated with the reference asset plus any appreciation. Thus, according to the total return swap agreement, the protection seller will be obligated to make a payment any time the floating interest rate payment and any depreciation of the reference asset exceed the cash flows associated with the underlying asset. A total return swap may terminate upon a default of the reference asset subject to the provisions of the related total return swap agreement between the protection seller and the protection buyer.

        A credit option is a credit derivative that allows investors to trade or hedge changes in the credit quality of the reference asset. For example, in a credit spread option, the option writer assumes the obligation to purchase or sell the reference asset at a specified "strike" spread level. The option purchaser buys the right to sell the reference asset to, or purchase it from, the option writer at the strike spread level. The payments on credit spread options depend either on a particular credit spread or the price of the underlying credit-sensitive asset. The options usually terminate if the underlying assets default.

        A credit-linked note is a form of credit derivative structured as a debt security with an embedded credit default swap. The purchaser of the note writes credit protection to the issuer, and receives a return that will be negatively affected by credit events on the underlying reference credit. If the reference entity defaults, the purchaser of the credit-linked note may assume the long position in the debt security and any future cash flows from it, but will lose the amount paid to the issuer of the credit-linked note. Thus the maximum amount of the exposure is the carrying amount of the credit-linked note. As of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the amount of credit-linked notes held by the Company in trading inventory was immaterial.

        The following tables summarize the key characteristics of the Company's credit derivative portfolio as protection seller as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012:

In millions of dollars as of
September 30, 2013
  Maximum potential
amount of
future payments
  Fair
value
payable(1)(2)
 

By industry/counterparty

             

Bank

  $ 886,450   $ 11,294  

Broker-dealer

    262,902     5,635  

Non-financial

    3,440     82  

Insurance and other financial institutions

    206,850     2,505  
           

Total by industry/counterparty

  $ 1,359,642   $ 19,516  
           

By instrument

             

Credit default swaps and options

  $ 1,358,327   $ 19,484  

Total return swaps and other

    1,315     32  
           

Total by instrument

  $ 1,359,642   $ 19,516  
           

By rating

             

Investment grade

  $ 629,884   $ 4,929  

Non-investment grade

    196,785     9,752  

Not rated

    532,973     4,835  
           

Total by rating

  $ 1,359,642   $ 19,516  
           

By maturity

             

Within 1 year

  $ 258,714   $ 997  

From 1 to 5 years

    1,002,689     12,860  

After 5 years

    98,239     5,659  
           

Total by maturity

  $ 1,359,642   $ 19,516  
           

(1)
In addition, fair value amounts payable under credit derivatives purchased were $25,652 million.

(2)
In addition, fair value amounts receivable under credit derivatives sold were $23,845 million.

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In millions of dollars as of
December 31, 2012
  Maximum potential
amount of
future payments
  Fair
value
payable(1)(2)
 

By industry/counterparty

             

Bank

  $ 863,411   $ 18,824  

Broker-dealer

    304,968     9,193  

Non-financial

    3,241     87  

Insurance and other financial institutions

    174,874     3,726  
           

Total by industry/counterparty

  $ 1,346,494   $ 31,830  
           

By instrument

             

Credit default swaps and options

  $ 1,345,162   $ 31,624  

Total return swaps and other

    1,332     206  
           

Total by instrument

  $ 1,346,494   $ 31,830  
           

By rating

             

Investment grade

  $ 637,343   $ 6,290  

Non-investment grade

    200,529     15,591  

Not rated

    508,622     9,949  
           

Total by rating

  $ 1,346,494   $ 31,830  
           

By maturity

             

Within 1 year

  $ 287,670   $ 2,388  

From 1 to 5 years

    965,059     21,542  

After 5 years

    93,765     7,900  
           

Total by maturity

  $ 1,346,494   $ 31,830  
           

(1)
In addition, fair value amounts payable under credit derivatives purchased were $20,832 million.

(2)
In addition, fair value amounts receivable under credit derivatives sold were $19,710 million.

        Citigroup evaluates the payment/performance risk of the credit derivatives for which it stands as a protection seller based on the credit rating assigned to the underlying referenced credit. Where external ratings by nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (such as Moody's and S&P) are used, investment grade ratings are considered to be Baa/BBB or above, while anything below is considered non-investment grade. The Citigroup internal ratings are in line with the related external credit rating system. On certain underlying reference credits, mainly related to over-the-counter credit derivatives, ratings are not available, and these are included in the not-rated category. Credit derivatives written on an underlying non-investment grade reference credit represent greater payment risk to the Company. The non-investment grade category in the table above primarily includes credit derivatives where the underlying referenced entity has been downgraded subsequent to the inception of the derivative.

        The maximum potential amount of future payments under credit derivative contracts presented in the table above is based on the notional value of the derivatives. The Company believes that the maximum potential amount of future payments for credit protection sold is not representative of the actual loss exposure based on historical experience. This amount has not been reduced by the Company's rights to the underlying assets and the related cash flows. In accordance with most credit derivative contracts, should a credit event (or settlement trigger) occur, the Company is usually liable for the difference between the protection sold and the recourse it holds in the value of the underlying assets. Thus, if the reference entity defaults, Citi will generally have a right to collect on the underlying reference credit and any related cash flows, while being liable for the full notional amount of credit protection sold to the buyer. Furthermore, this maximum potential amount of future payments for credit protection sold has not been reduced for any cash collateral paid to a given counterparty as such payments would be calculated after netting all derivative exposures, including any credit derivatives with that counterparty in accordance with a related master netting agreement. Due to such netting processes, determining the amount of collateral that corresponds to credit derivative exposures alone is not possible. The Company actively monitors open credit risk exposures and manages this exposure by using a variety of strategies, including purchased credit derivatives, cash collateral or direct holdings of the referenced assets. This risk mitigation activity is not captured in the table above.

Credit-Risk-Related Contingent Features in Derivatives

        Certain derivative instruments contain provisions that require the Company to either post additional collateral or immediately settle any outstanding liability balances upon the occurrence of a specified credit-risk-related event. These events, which are defined by the existing derivative contracts, are primarily downgrades in the credit ratings of the Company and its affiliates. The fair value (excluding CVA) of all derivative instruments with credit-risk-related contingent features that are in a net liability position at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 is $28 billion and $36 billion, respectively. The Company has posted $25 billion and $32 billion as collateral for this exposure in the normal course of business as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively.

        Each downgrade would trigger additional collateral or cash settlement requirements for the Company and its affiliates. In the event that each legal entity was downgraded a single notch by the three rating agencies as of September 30, 2013, the Company would be required to post an additional $3.3 billion, as either collateral or settlement of the derivative transactions. Additionally, the Company would be required to segregate with third-party custodians collateral previously received from existing derivative counterparties in the amount of $0.1 billion upon the single notch downgrade, resulting in aggregate cash obligations and collateral requirements of approximately $3.4 billion.

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21.   FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT

        ASC 820-10 (formerly SFAS 157) Fair Value Measurement, defines fair value, establishes a consistent framework for measuring fair value and requires disclosures about fair value measurements. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Among other things, the standard requires the Company to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.

        Under ASC 820-10, the probability of default of a counterparty is factored into the valuation of derivative positions and includes the impact of Citigroup's own credit risk on derivatives and other liabilities measured at fair value.

Fair Value Hierarchy

        ASC 820-10 specifies a hierarchy of inputs based on whether the inputs are observable or unobservable. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect the Company's market assumptions. These two types of inputs have created the following fair value hierarchy:

        This hierarchy requires the use of observable market data when available. The Company considers relevant and observable market prices in its valuations where possible. The frequency of transactions, the size of the bid-ask spread and the amount of adjustment necessary when comparing similar transactions are all factors in determining the liquidity of markets and the relevance of observed prices in those markets.

        The Company's policy with respect to transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy is to recognize transfers into and out of each level as of the end of the reporting period.

Determination of Fair Value

        For assets and liabilities carried at fair value, the Company measures such value using the procedures set out below, irrespective of whether these assets and liabilities are carried at fair value as a result of an election or whether they are required to be carried at fair value.

        When available, the Company generally uses quoted market prices to determine fair value and classifies such items as Level 1. In some cases where a market price is available, the Company will make use of acceptable practical expedients (such as matrix pricing) to calculate fair value, in which case the items are classified as Level 2.

        If quoted market prices are not available, fair value is based upon internally developed valuation techniques that use, where possible, current market-based parameters, such as interest rates, currency rates, option volatilities, etc. Items valued using such internally generated valuation techniques are classified according to the lowest level input or value driver that is significant to the valuation. Thus, an item may be classified as Level 3 even though there may be some significant inputs that are readily observable.

        The Company may also apply a price-based methodology, which utilizes, where available, quoted prices or other market information obtained from recent trading activity in positions with the same or similar characteristics to the position being valued. The market activity and the amount of the bid-ask spread are among the factors considered in determining the liquidity of markets and the relevance of observed prices from those markets. If relevant and observable prices are available, those valuations may be classified as Level 2. When less liquidity exists for a security or loan, a quoted price is stale, a significant adjustment to the price of a similar security is necessary to reflect differences in the terms of the actual security or loan being valued, or prices from independent sources are insufficient to corroborate the valuation, the "price" inputs are considered unobservable and the fair value measurements are classified as Level 3.

        Fair value estimates from internal valuation techniques are verified, where possible, to prices obtained from independent vendors or brokers. Vendors and brokers' valuations may be based on a variety of inputs ranging from observed prices to proprietary valuation models.

        The following section describes the valuation methodologies used by the Company to measure various financial instruments at fair value, including an indication of the level in the fair value hierarchy in which each instrument is generally classified. Where appropriate, the description includes details of the valuation models, the key inputs to those models and any significant assumptions.

Market valuation adjustments

        Liquidity adjustments are applied to items in Level 2 and Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy to ensure that the fair value reflects the liquidity or illiquidity of the market. The liquidity reserve may utilize the bid-offer spread for an instrument as one of the factors.

        Counterparty credit-risk adjustments are applied to derivatives, such as over-the-counter uncollateralized derivatives, where the base valuation uses market parameters based on the relevant base interest rate curves. Not all counterparties have the same credit risk as that implied by the relevant base curve, so it is necessary to consider the market view of the credit risk of a counterparty in order to estimate the fair value of such an item.

        Bilateral or "own" credit-risk adjustments are applied to reflect the Company's own credit risk when valuing derivatives and liabilities measured at fair value. Counterparty and own credit adjustments consider the expected future cash flows between Citi and its counterparties under the terms of the instrument and the effect of credit risk on the valuation of those cash flows, rather than a point-in-time assessment of the current recognized net asset or liability. Furthermore, the credit-risk adjustments take into account the effect of credit-risk mitigants, such as pledged collateral and any legal right of offset (to the

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extent such offset exists) with a counterparty through arrangements such as netting agreements.

        Generally, the unit of account for a financial instrument is the individual financial instrument. The Company applies market valuation adjustments that are consistent with the unit of account, which does not include adjustment due to the size of the Company's position, except as follows. ASC 820-10 permits an exception, through an accounting policy election, to measure the fair value of a portfolio of financial assets and financial liabilities on the basis of the net open risk position when certain criteria are met. Citi has elected to measure certain portfolios of financial instruments, such as derivatives, that meet those criteria on the basis of the net open risk position. The Company applies market valuation adjustments, including adjustments to account for the size of the net open risk position, consistent with market participant assumptions and in accordance with the unit of account.

Valuation Process for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements

        Price verification procedures and related internal control procedures are governed by the Citigroup Pricing and Price Verification Policy and Standards, which is jointly owned by Finance and Risk Management. Finance has implemented the ICG Securities and Banking Pricing and Price Verification Standards and Procedures to facilitate compliance with this policy.

        For fair value measurements of substantially all assets and liabilities held by the Company, individual business units are responsible for valuing the trading account assets and liabilities, and Product Control within Finance performs independent price verification procedures to evaluate those fair value measurements. Product Control is independent of the individual business units and reports into the Global Head of Product Control. It has authority over the valuation of financial assets and liabilities. Fair value measurements of assets and liabilities are determined using various techniques, including, but not limited to, discounted cash flows and internal models, such as option and correlation models.

        Based on the observability of inputs used, Product Control classifies the inventory as Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. When a position involves one or more significant inputs that are not directly observable, additional price verification procedures are applied. These procedures may include reviewing relevant historical data, analyzing profit and loss, valuing each component of a structured trade individually, and benchmarking, among others.

        Reports of inventory that is classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy are distributed to senior management in Finance, Risk and the individual business. This inventory is also discussed in Risk Committees and in monthly meetings with senior trading management. As deemed necessary, reports may go to the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors or to the full Board of Directors. Whenever a valuation adjustment is needed to bring the price of an asset or liability to its exit price, Product Control reports it to management along with other price verification results.

        In addition, the pricing models used in measuring fair value are governed by an independent control framework. Although the models are developed and tested by the individual business units, they are independently validated by the Model Validation Group within Risk Management and reviewed by Finance with respect to their impact on the price verification procedures. The purpose of this independent control framework is to assess model risk arising from models' theoretical soundness, calibration techniques where needed, and the appropriateness of the model for a specific product in a defined market. Valuation adjustments, if any, go through a similar independent review process as the valuation models. To ensure their continued applicability, models are independently reviewed annually. In addition, Risk Management approves and maintains a list of products permitted to be valued under each approved model for a given business.

Securities purchased under agreements to resell and securities sold under agreements to repurchase

        No quoted prices exist for such instruments, so fair value is determined using a discounted cash-flow technique. Cash flows are estimated based on the terms of the contract, taking into account any embedded derivative or other features. Expected cash flows are discounted using interest rates appropriate to the maturity of the instrument as well as the nature of the underlying collateral. Generally, when such instruments are held at fair value, they are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, as the inputs used in the valuation are readily observable. However, certain long-dated positions are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

Trading account assets and liabilities—trading securities and trading loans

        When available, the Company uses quoted market prices to determine the fair value of trading securities; such items are classified as Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. Examples include some government securities and exchange-traded equity securities.

        For bonds and secondary market loans traded over the counter, the Company generally determines fair value utilizing valuation techniques, including discounted cash flows, price-based and internal models, such as Black-Scholes and Monte Carlo simulation. Fair value estimates from these internal valuation techniques are verified, where possible, to prices obtained from independent vendors. Vendors compile prices from various sources and may apply matrix pricing for similar bonds or loans where no price is observable. A price-based methodology utilizes, where available, quoted prices or other market information obtained from recent trading activity of assets with similar characteristics to the bond or loan being valued. The yields used in discounted cash flow models are derived from the same price information. Trading securities and loans priced using such methods are generally classified as Level 2. However, when less liquidity exists for a security or loan, a quoted price is stale, a significant adjustment to the price of a similar security or loan is necessary to reflect differences in the terms of the actual security or loan being valued, or prices from independent sources are insufficient to corroborate valuation, a loan or security is generally classified as Level 3. The price input used in a price-based methodology may be zero for a security, such as a subprime CDO, that is not receiving any principal or interest and is currently written down to zero.

        Where the Company's principal market for a portfolio of loans is the securitization market, the Company uses the

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securitization price to determine the fair value of the portfolio. The securitization price is determined from the assumed proceeds of a hypothetical securitization in the current market, adjusted for transformation costs (i.e., direct costs other than transaction costs) and securitization uncertainties such as market conditions and liquidity. As a result of the severe reduction in the level of activity in certain securitization markets since the second half of 2007, observable securitization prices for certain directly comparable portfolios of loans have not been readily available. Therefore, such portfolios of loans are generally classified as Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. However, for other loan securitization markets, such as commercial real estate loans, price verification of the hypothetical securitizations has been possible, since these markets have remained active. Accordingly, this loan portfolio is classified as Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Trading account assets and liabilities—derivatives

        Exchange-traded derivatives are generally measured at fair value using quoted market (i.e., exchange) prices and are classified as Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy.

        The majority of derivatives entered into by the Company are executed over the counter and are valued using internal valuation techniques, as no quoted market prices exist for such instruments. The valuation techniques and inputs depend on the type of derivative and the nature of the underlying instrument. The principal techniques used to value these instruments are discounted cash flows and internal models, including Black-Scholes and Monte Carlo simulation. The fair values of derivative contracts reflect cash the Company has paid or received (for example, option premiums paid and received).

        The key inputs depend upon the type of derivative and the nature of the underlying instrument and include interest rate yield curves, foreign-exchange rates, volatilities and correlation. The Company uses overnight indexed swap curves as fair value measurement inputs for the valuation of certain collateralized interest-rate related derivatives. The instrument is classified as either Level 2 or Level 3 depending upon the observability of the significant inputs to the model.

Subprime-related direct exposures in CDOs

        The valuation of high-grade and mezzanine asset-backed security (ABS) CDO positions utilizes prices based on the underlying assets of each high-grade and mezzanine ABS CDO. The high-grade and mezzanine positions are largely hedged through the ABS and bond short positions. This results in closer symmetry in the way these long and short positions are valued by the Company. Citigroup uses trader marks to value this portion of the portfolio and will do so as long as it remains largely hedged.

        For most of the lending and structured direct subprime exposures, fair value is determined utilizing observable transactions where available, other market data for similar assets in markets that are not active and other internal valuation techniques.

Investments

        The investments category includes available-for-sale debt and marketable equity securities, whose fair value is generally determined by utilizing similar procedures described for trading securities above or, in some cases, using consensus pricing as the primary source.

        Also included in investments are nonpublic investments in private equity and real estate entities held by the S&B business. Determining the fair value of nonpublic securities involves a significant degree of management resources and judgment, as no quoted prices exist and such securities are generally very thinly traded. In addition, there may be transfer restrictions on private equity securities. The Company's process for determining the fair value of such securities utilizes commonly accepted valuation techniques, including comparables analysis. In determining the fair value of nonpublic securities, the Company also considers events such as a proposed sale of the investee company, initial public offerings, equity issuances or other observable transactions. As discussed in Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, the Company uses net asset value to value certain of these investments.

        Private equity securities are generally classified as Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

Short-term borrowings and long-term debt

        Where fair value accounting has been elected, the fair value of non-structured liabilities is determined by utilizing internal models using the appropriate discount rate for the applicable maturity. Such instruments are generally classified as Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, as all inputs are readily observable.

        The Company determines the fair value of structured liabilities (where performance is linked to structured interest rates, inflation or currency risks) and hybrid financial instruments (where performance is linked to risks other than interest rates, inflation or currency risks) using the appropriate derivative valuation methodology (described above in "Trading account assets and liabilities—derivatives") given the nature of the embedded risk profile. Such instruments are classified as Level 2 or Level 3 depending on the observability of significant inputs to the model.

Alt-A mortgage securities

        The Company classifies its Alt-A mortgage securities as held-to-maturity, available-for-sale and trading investments. The securities classified as trading and available-for-sale are recorded at fair value with changes in fair value reported in current earnings and AOCI, respectively. For these purposes, Citi defines Alt-A mortgage securities as non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities (RMBS) where (i) the underlying collateral has weighted average FICO scores between 680 and 720 or (ii) for instances where FICO scores are greater than 720, RMBS have 30% or less of the underlying collateral composed of full documentation loans.

        Similar to the valuation methodologies used for other trading securities and trading loans, the Company generally determines the fair values of Alt-A mortgage securities utilizing internal valuation techniques. Fair value estimates from internal valuation techniques are verified, where possible, to prices obtained from independent vendors. Consensus data providers compile prices from various sources. Where available, the

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Company may also make use of quoted prices for recent trading activity in securities with the same or similar characteristics to the security being valued.

        The valuation techniques used for Alt-A mortgage securities, as with other mortgage exposures, are price-based and yield analysis. The primary market-derived input is yield. Cash flows are based on current collateral performance with prepayment rates and loss projections reflective of current economic conditions of housing price change, unemployment rates, interest rates, borrower attributes and other market indicators.

        Alt-A mortgage securities that are valued using these methods are generally classified as Level 2. However, Alt-A mortgage securities backed by Alt-A mortgages of lower quality or subordinated tranches in the capital structure are mostly classified as Level 3 due to the reduced liquidity that exists for such positions, which reduces the reliability of prices available from independent sources.

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Items Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

        The following tables present for each of the fair value hierarchy levels the Company's assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012. The Company's hedging of positions that have been classified in the Level 3 category is not limited to other financial instruments (hedging instruments) that have been classified as Level 3, but also instruments classified as Level 1 or Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. The effects of these hedges are presented gross in the following table.

Fair Value Levels

In millions of dollars at September 30, 2013   Level 1(1)   Level 2(1)   Level 3   Gross
inventory
  Netting(2)   Net
balance
 

Assets

                                     

Federal funds sold and securities borrowed or purchased under agreements to resell

  $   $ 228,301   $ 3,767   $ 232,068   $ (57,053 ) $ 175,015  

Trading securities

                                     

Trading mortgage-backed securities

                                     

U.S. government-sponsored agency guaranteed

  $   $ 25,593   $ 1,240   $ 26,833   $   $ 26,833  

Residential

        1,291     2,695     3,986         3,986  

Commercial

        1,735     379     2,114         2,114  
                           

Total trading mortgage-backed securities

  $   $ 28,619   $ 4,314   $ 32,933   $   $ 32,933  
                           

U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities

  $ 16,267   $ 4,718   $ 54   $ 21,039   $   $ 21,039  

State and municipal

        3,365     255     3,620         3,620  

Foreign government

    53,506     25,870     242     79,618         79,618  

Corporate

        29,623     1,401     31,024         31,024  

Equity securities

    50,389     2,652     557     53,598         53,598  

Asset-backed securities

        1,405     4,068     5,473         5,473  

Other debt securities

        9,843     2,825     12,668         12,668  
                           

Total trading securities

  $ 120,162   $ 106,095   $ 13,716   $ 239,973   $   $ 239,973  
                           

Trading account derivatives

                                     

Interest rate contracts

    39     665,957     3,755     669,751              

Foreign exchange contracts

    31     85,317     1,363     86,711              

Equity contracts

    5,940     18,247     1,011     25,198              

Commodity contracts

    750     8,588     701     10,039              

Credit derivatives

        41,907     3,135     45,042              
                               

Total trading account derivatives

  $ 6,760   $ 820,016   $ 9,965   $ 836,741              

Gross cash collateral paid(3)

                    $ 5,349              

Netting agreements

                          $ (755,725 )      

Netting of cash collateral received

                            (34,616 )      
                           

Total trading account derivatives

  $ 6,760   $ 820,016   $ 9,965   $ 842,090   $ (790,341 ) $ 51,749  
                           

Investments

                                     

Mortgage-backed securities

                                     

U.S. government-sponsored agency guaranteed

  $   $ 43,468   $ 124   $ 43,592   $   $ 43,592  

Residential

        10,476         10,476         10,476  

Commercial

        414     4     418         418  
                           

Total investment mortgage-backed securities

  $   $ 54,358   $ 128   $ 54,486   $   $ 54,486  
                           

U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities

  $ 62,455   $ 20,141   $ 9   $ 82,605   $   $ 82,605  
                           

See footnotes on the next page.

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In millions of dollars at September 30, 2013   Level 1(1)   Level 2(1)   Level 3   Gross
inventory
  Netting(2)   Net
balance
 

State and municipal

  $   $ 17,271   $ 726   $ 17,997   $   $ 17,997  

Foreign government

    36,965     55,991     326     92,282         92,282  

Corporate

    5     11,063     472     11,540         11,540  

Equity securities

    2,934     594     799     4,327         4,327  

Asset-backed securities

        14,431     1,843     16,274         16,274  

Other debt securities

        366         366         366  

Non-marketable equity securities

        333     5,102     5,435         5,435  
                           

Total investments

  $ 101,359   $ 174,548   $ 9,405   $ 285,312   $   $ 285,312  
                           

Loans(4)

  $   $ 865   $ 4,333   $ 5,198   $   $ 5,198  

Mortgage servicing rights

            2,580     2,580         2,580  
                           

Nontrading derivatives and other financial assets measured on a recurring basis, gross

  $   $ 11,472   $ 270   $ 11,742              

Cash collateral paid

                    $ 326              

Netting of cash collateral received

                          $ (3,384 )      
                           

Nontrading derivatives and other financial assets measured on a recurring basis

  $   $ 11,472   $ 270   $ 12,068   $ (3,384 ) $ 8,684  
                           

Total assets

  $ 228,281   $ 1,341,297   $ 44,036   $ 1,619,289   $ (850,778 ) $ 768,511  

Total as a percentage of gross assets(5)

    14.2 %   83.1 %   2.7 %   100.0 %            
                           

Liabilities

                                     

Interest-bearing deposits

        779     868     1,647         1,647  

Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase

        175,585     895     176,480     (57,053 )   119,427  

Trading account liabilities

                                     

Securities sold, not yet purchased

    61,123     10,306     476     71,905           71,905  

Trading account derivatives

                                     

Interest rate contracts

    31     653,656     2,420     656,107              

Foreign exchange contracts

    4     86,077     962     87,043              

Equity contracts

    5,654     26,235     2,342     34,231              

Commodity contracts

    680     9,107     1,198     10,985              

Credit derivatives

        41,544     3,175     44,719              
                               

Total trading account derivatives

  $ 6,369   $ 816,619   $ 10,097   $ 833,085              

Cash collateral received(6)

                      8,985              

Netting agreements

                          $ (755,725 )      

Netting of cash collateral paid

                            (36,202 )      
                           

Total trading account derivatives

  $ 6,369   $ 816,619   $ 10,097   $ 842,070   $ (791,927 ) $ 50,143  

Short-term borrowings

        4,332     163     4,495         4,495  

Long-term debt

        20,451     6,173     26,624         26,624  
                           

Nontrading derivatives and other financial liabilities measured on a recurring basis, gross

  $   $ 2,132   $ 17   $ 2,149              

Cash collateral received(7)

                    $ 276              

Total nontrading derivatives and other financial liabilities measured on a recurring basis

        2,132     17     2,425           2,425  
                           

Total liabilities

  $ 67,492   $ 1,030,204   $ 18,689   $ 1,125,646   $ (848,980 ) $ 276,666  

Total as a percentage of gross liabilities(5)

    6.0 %   92.3 %   1.7 %   100.0 %            
                           

(1)
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013, the Company transferred assets of approximately $47 million and $1.0 billion, respectively, from Level 1 to Level 2. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013, the Company transferred assets of approximately $33 million and $49.1 billion, respectively, from Level 2 to Level 1. Almost all of the transfers during the nine months ended September 2013 were related to U.S. Treasury securities held across the Company's major investment portfolios where Citi obtained additional information from its external pricing sources to meet the criteria for Level 1 classification. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013, the Company transferred liabilities of $2 million and $27 million, respectively, from Level 1 to Level 2, and $5 million and $60 million, respectively from Level 2 to Level 1.

(2)
Represents netting of: (i) the amounts due under securities purchased under agreements to resell and the amounts owed under securities sold under agreements to repurchase; and (ii) derivative exposures covered by a qualifying master netting agreement and cash collateral offsetting.

(3)
This is the net amount of the $41,551 million of gross cash collateral paid, of which $36,202 million was used to offset derivative liabilities.

(4)
There is no allowance for loan losses recorded for loans reported at fair value.

(5)
Percentage is calculated based on total assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, excluding collateral paid/received on derivatives.

(6)
This is the net amount of the $43,601 million of gross cash collateral received, of which $34,616 million was used to offset derivative assets.

(7)
This is the net amount of the $3,660 million of gross cash collateral received, of which $3,384 million was used to offset derivative assets.

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Fair Value Levels  
In millions of dollars at December 31, 2012   Level 1(1)   Level 2(1)   Level 3   Gross
inventory
  Netting(2)   Net
balance
 

Assets

                                     

Federal funds sold and securities borrowed or purchased under agreements to resell

  $   $ 198,278   $ 5,043   $ 203,321   $ (42,732 ) $ 160,589  

Trading securities

                                     

Trading mortgage-backed securities

                                     

U.S. government-sponsored agency guaranteed

        29,835     1,325     31,160         31,160  

Residential

        1,663     1,805     3,468         3,468  

Commercial

        1,322     1,119     2,441         2,441  
                           

Total trading mortgage-backed securities

  $   $ 32,820   $ 4,249   $ 37,069   $   $ 37,069  
                           

U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities

  $ 15,416   $ 4,940   $   $ 20,356   $   $ 20,356  

State and municipal

        3,611     195     3,806         3,806  

Foreign government

    57,831     31,097     311     89,239         89,239  

Corporate

        33,194     2,030     35,224         35,224  

Equity securities

    54,640     2,094     264     56,998         56,998  

Asset-backed securities

        899     4,453     5,352         5,352  

Other debt securities

        15,944     2,321     18,265         18,265  
                           

Total trading securities

  $ 127,887   $ 124,599   $ 13,823   $ 266,309   $   $ 266,309  
                           

Trading account derivatives

                                     

Interest rate contracts

  $ 2   $ 897,635   $ 1,710   $ 899,347              

Foreign exchange contracts

    18     75,358     902     76,278              

Equity contracts

    2,359     14,109     1,741     18,209              

Commodity contracts

    410     9,752     695     10,857              

Credit derivatives

        49,858     4,166     54,024              
                               

Total trading account derivatives

  $ 2,789   $ 1,046,712   $ 9,214   $ 1,058,715              

Gross cash collateral paid(3)

                      5,597              

Netting agreements

                          $ (970,782 )      

Netting of cash collateral received

                            (38,910 )      
                           

Total trading account derivatives

  $ 2,789   $ 1,046,712   $ 9,214   $ 1,064,312   $ (1,009,692 ) $ 54,620  
                           

Investments

                                     

Mortgage-backed securities

                                     

U.S. government-sponsored agency guaranteed

  $ 46   $ 45,841   $ 1,458   $ 47,345   $   $ 47,345  

Residential

        7,472     205     7,677         7,677  

Commercial

        449         449         449  
                           

Total investment mortgage-backed securities

  $ 46   $ 53,762   $ 1,663   $ 55,471   $   $ 55,471  
                           

U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities

  $ 13,204   $ 78,625   $ 12   $ 91,841   $   $ 91,841  
                           

See footnotes on the next page.

207


In millions of dollars at December 31, 2012   Level 1(1)   Level 2(1)   Level 3   Gross
inventory
  Netting(2)   Net
balance
 

State and municipal

  $   $ 17,483   $ 849   $ 18,332   $   $ 18,332  

Foreign government

    36,048     57,616     383     94,047         94,047  

Corporate

        9,289     385     9,674         9,674  

Equity securities

    4,037     132     773     4,942         4,942  

Asset-backed securities

        11,910     2,220     14,130         14,130  

Other debt securities

            258     258         258  

Non-marketable equity securities

        404     5,364     5,768         5,768  
                           

Total investments

  $ 53,335   $ 229,221   $ 11,907   $ 294,463   $   $ 294,463  
                           

Loans(3)

  $   $ 356   $ 4,931   $ 5,287   $   $ 5,287  

Mortgage servicing rights

            1,942     1,942         1,942  
                           

Nontrading derivatives and other financial assets measured on a recurring basis, gross

  $   $ 15,293   $ 2,452   $ 17,745              

Cash collateral paid

                      214              

Netting of cash collateral received

                          $ (4,660 )      
                           

Nontrading derivatives and other financial assets measured on a recurring basis

  $   $ 15,293   $ 2,452   $ 17,959   $ (4,660 ) $ 13,299  
                           

Total assets

  $ 184,011   $ 1,614,459   $ 49,312   $ 1,853,593   $ (1,057,084 ) $ 796,509  

Total as a percentage of gross assets(5)

    9.9 %   87.4 %   2.7 %   100.0 %            
                           

Liabilities

                                     

Interest-bearing deposits

  $   $ 661   $ 786   $ 1,447   $   $ 1,447  

Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase

        158,580     841     159,421     (42,732 )   116,689  

Trading account liabilities

                                     

Securities sold, not yet purchased

    55,145     8,288     365     63,798           63,798  

Trading account derivatives

                                     

Interest rate contracts

  $ 1   $ 890,362   $ 1,529   $ 891,892              

Foreign exchange contracts

    10     81,137     902     82,049              

Equity contracts

    2,664     25,986     3,189     31,839              

Commodity contracts

    317     10,348     1,466     12,131              

Credit derivatives

        47,746     4,508     52,254              
                               

Total trading account derivatives

  $ 2,992   $ 1,055,579   $ 11,594   $ 1,070,165              

Cash collateral received(6)

                      7,923              

Netting agreements

                          $ (970,782 )      

Netting of cash collateral paid

                            (55,555 )      
                           

Total trading account derivatives

  $ 2,992   $ 1,055,579   $ 11,594   $ 1,078,088   $ (1,026,337 ) $ 51,751  

Short-term borrowings

        706     112     818         818  

Long-term debt

        23,038     6,726     29,764         29,764  
                           

Nontrading derivatives and other financial liabilities measured on a recurring basis, gross

  $   $ 2,228   $ 24   $ 2,252              

Cash collateral received(7)

                    $ 658              

Nontrading derivatives and other financial liabilities measured on a recurring basis

  $   $ 2,228   $ 24   $ 2,910   $   $ 2,910  
                           

Total liabilities

  $ 58,137   $ 1,249,080   $ 20,448   $ 1,336,246   $ (1,069,069 ) $ 267,177  

Total as a percentage of gross liabilities(5)

    4.4 %   94.1 %   1.5 %   100.0 %            

(1)
For both the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2012, the Company transferred assets of $0.3 billion and $1.3 billion, respectively, from Level 1 to Level 2, primarily related to foreign government bonds which were traded with less frequency. During the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2012, the Company transferred assets of $0.5 billion and $1.0 billion, respectively, from Level 2 to Level 1 related primarily to foreign government bonds, which were traded with sufficient frequency to constitute a liquid market. During the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2012, the Company transferred liabilities of $5 million and $24 million, respectively, from Level 1 to Level 2, and $99 million and $134 million, respectively, from Level 2 to Level 1.

(2)
Represents netting of: (i) the amounts due under securities purchased under agreements to resell and the amounts owed under securities sold under agreements to repurchase; and (ii) derivative exposures covered by a qualifying master netting agreement and cash collateral offsetting.

(3)
This is the net amount of the $61,152 million of gross cash collateral paid, of which $55,555 million was used to offset derivative liabilities.

(4)
There is no allowance for loan losses recorded for loans reported at fair value.

(5)
Percentage is calculated based on total assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, excluding collateral paid/received on derivatives.

(6)
This is the net amount of the $46,833 million of gross cash collateral received, of which $38,910 million was used to offset derivative assets.

(7)
This is the net amount of the $5,318 million of gross cash collateral received, of which $4,660 million was used to offset derivative liabilities.

208


Changes in Level 3 Fair Value Category

        The following tables present the changes in the Level 3 fair value category for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012. As discussed above, the Company classifies financial instruments as Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy when there is reliance on at least one significant unobservable input to the valuation model. In addition to these unobservable inputs, the valuation models for Level 3 financial instruments typically also rely on a number of inputs that are readily observable either directly or indirectly. The gains and losses presented below include changes in the fair value related to both observable and unobservable inputs.

        The Company often hedges positions with offsetting positions that are classified in a different level. For example, the gains and losses for assets and liabilities in the Level 3 category presented in the tables below do not reflect the effect of offsetting losses and gains on hedging instruments that have been classified by the Company in the Level 1 and Level 2 categories. In addition, the Company hedges items classified in the Level 3 category with instruments also classified in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. The effects of these hedges are presented gross in the following tables.

Level 3 Fair Value Rollforward

 
   
  Net realized/unrealized
gains (losses) incl. in
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
  Transfers    
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
  Unrealized
gains
(losses)
still held(3)
 
In millions of dollars   Jun. 30,
2013
  Principal
transactions
  Other(1)(2)   into
Level 3
  out of
Level 3
  Purchases   Issuances   Sales   Settlements   Sep. 30,
2013
 

Assets

                                                                   

Federal funds sold and securities borrowed or purchased under agreements to resell

  $ 4,177   $ 70   $   $ 29   $ (534 ) $ 25   $   $   $   $ 3,767   $ (5 )

Trading securities

                                                                   

Trading mortgage-backed securities

                                                                   

U.S. government-sponsored agency guaranteed

  $ 1,704   $ 43   $   $ 295   $ (453 ) $ 160   $ 6   $ (320 ) $ (195 ) $ 1,240   $ 4  

Residential

    2,938     99         61     (132 )   1,049         (1,320 )       2,695     16  

Commercial

    326     24         109     (54 )   58         (84 )       379     (48 )
                                               

Total trading mortgage-backed securities

  $ 4,968   $ 166   $   $ 465   $ (639 ) $ 1,267   $ 6   $ (1,724 ) $ (195 ) $ 4,314   $ (28 )
                                               

U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities

  $   $   $   $ 54   $   $   $   $   $   $ 54   $ 2  

State and municipal

    241     9         2         11         (8 )       255     4  

Foreign government

    240     (3 )       7         83         (85 )       242     1  

Corporate

    1,688     62         129     (240 )   408         (642 )   (4 )   1,401     44  

Equity securities

    190     (38 )       132     (25 )   331         (33 )       557     72  

Asset-backed securities

    4,259     99         14     (88 )   748         (964 )       4,068     100  

Other debt securities

    2,276     59         2     (84 )   721         (98 )   (51 )   2,825     12  
                                               

Total trading securities

  $ 13,862   $ 354   $   $ 805   $ (1,076 ) $ 3,569   $ 6   $ (3,554 ) $ (250 ) $ 13,716   $ 207  
                                               

209


 
   
  Net realized/unrealized
gains (losses) incl. in
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
  Transfers    
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
  Unrealized
gains
(losses)
still held(3)
 
In millions of dollars   Jun. 30,
2013
  Principal
transactions
  Other(1)(2)   into
Level 3
  out of
Level 3
  Purchases   Issuances   Sales   Settlements   Sep. 30,
2013
 

Trading derivatives, net(4)

                                                                   

Interest rate contracts

    1,083     232         (47 )   (121 )   65         (33 )   156     1,335     530  

Foreign exchange contracts

    367     39         (1 )   (9 )   6         (1 )       401     (15 )

Equity contracts

    (1,092 )   (224 )       (13 )   (46 )   60         (69 )   53     (1,331 )   (814 )

Commodity contracts

    (218 )   (223 )       (12 )   32                 (76 )   (497 )   (332 )

Credit derivatives

    (41 )   (108 )       24     (6 )   7             84     (40 )   (475 )
                                               

Total trading derivatives, net(4)

  $ 99   $ (284 ) $   $ (49 ) $ (150 ) $ 138   $   $ (103 ) $ 217   $ (132 ) $ (1,106 )
                                               

Investments

                                                                   

Mortgage-backed securities

                                                                   

U.S. government-sponsored agency guaranteed

  $ 420   $   $ (12 ) $ 80   $ (371 ) $ 44   $   $ (37 ) $   $ 124   $ 9  

Residential

                                             

Commercial

    3             1                         4      
                                               

Total investment mortgage-backed securities

  $ 423   $   $ (12 ) $ 81   $ (371 ) $ 44   $   $ (37 ) $   $ 128   $ 9  
                                               

U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities

  $ 9   $   $   $   $   $   $   $   $   $ 9   $  

State and municipal

    684         6     5         54         (23 )       726     2  

Foreign government

    367         3     63     (55 )   105         (140 )   (17 )   326     (28 )

Corporate

    404         17     42         85         (75 )   (1 )   472     8  

Equity securities

    779         34         (1 )           (13 )       799     33  

Asset-backed securities

    1,758         14             180         (14 )   (95 )   1,843     29  

Other debt securities

    51                             (51 )            

Non-marketable equity securities

    5,363         111             68             (440 )   5,102     100  
                                               

Total investments

  $ 9,838   $   $ 173   $ 191   $ (427 ) $ 536   $   $ (353 ) $ (553 ) $ 9,405   $ 153  
                                               

210



 
   
  Net realized/unrealized
gains (losses) incl. in
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
  Transfers    
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
  Unrealized
gains
(losses)
still held(3)
 
In millions of dollars   Jun. 30,
2013
  Principal
transactions
  Other(1)(2)   into
Level 3
  out of
Level 3
  Purchases   Issuances   Sales   Settlements   Sep. 30,
2013
 

Loans

  $ 4,321   $   $ (19 ) $   $   $   $ 631   $   $ (600 ) $ 4,333   $ (33 )

Mortgage servicing rights

  $ 2,524   $   $ (6 ) $   $   $   $ 166   $   $ (104 ) $ 2,580   $ (10 )

Other financial assets measured on a recurring basis

  $ 245   $   $ 45   $   $   $   $ 107   $ (31 ) $ (96 ) $ 270   $ 41  
                                               

Liabilities

                                                                   

Interest-bearing deposits

  $ 831   $   $ (19 ) $   $   $   $ 23   $   $ (5 ) $ 868   $ (8 )

Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase

    1,007     14         15                     (113 )   895     6  

Trading account liabilities

                                                                   

Securities sold, not yet purchased

    450     40         30     (10 )           182     (136 )   476      

Short-term borrowings

    335     (1 )       2             25         (200 )   163     (42 )

Long-term debt

    6,811     (309 )   44     375     (1,016 )       54         (316 )   6,173     (349 )

Other financial liabilities measured on a recurring basis

    95         (23 )               10         (111 )   17     (23 )
                                               

(1)
Changes in fair value for available-for-sale investments (debt securities) are recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), unless other-than-temporarily impaired, while gains and losses from sales are recorded in Realized gains (losses) from sales of investments on the Consolidated Statement of Income.

(2)
Unrealized gains (losses) on MSRs are recorded in Other revenue on the Consolidated Statement of Income.

(3)
Represents the amount of total gains or losses for the period, included in earnings (and Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for changes in fair value for available-for-sale investments), attributable to the change in fair value relating to assets and liabilities classified as Level 3 that are still held at September 30, 2013.

(4)
Total Level 3 derivative assets and liabilities have been netted in these tables for presentation purposes only.

211


 
   
  Net realized/unrealized
gains (losses) incl. in
  Transfers    
   
   
   
   
   
 
In millions of dollars   Dec. 31,
2012
  Principal
transactions
  Other(1)(2)   into
Level 3
  out of
Level 3
  Purchases   Issuances   Sales   Settlements   Sep. 30,
2013
  Unrealized
gains (losses)
still held(3)
 

Assets

                                                                   

Federal funds sold and securities borrowed or purchased under agreements to resell

  $ 5,043   $ (93 ) $   $ 627   $ (1,852 ) $ 42   $   $   $   $ 3,767   $ 476  

Trading securities

                                                                   

Trading mortgage-backed securities

                                                                   

U.S. government-sponsored agency guaranteed

  $ 1,325   $ 119   $   $ 1,032   $ (1,158 ) $ 1,129   $ 61   $ (1,027 ) $ (241 ) $ 1,240     47  

Residential

    1,805     457         378     (344 )   2,947         (2,541 )   (7 )   2,695     107  

Commercial

    1,119     116         264     (238 )   204         (1,069 )   (17 )   379     7  
                                               

Total trading mortgage-backed securities

  $ 4,249   $ 692   $   $ 1,674   $ (1,740 ) $ 4,280   $ 61   $ (4,637 ) $ (265 ) $ 4,314   $ 161  
                                               

U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities

  $   $   $   $ 54   $   $   $   $   $   $ 54   $ 2  

State and municipal

    195     28         2         86         (56 )       255     2  

Foreign government

    311     (5 )       60     (61 )   200         (263 )       242     1  

Corporate

    2,030     32         267     (340 )   1,787         (1,461 )   (914 )   1,401     (375 )

Equity securities

    264     (34 )       180     (184 )   471         (140 )       557     347  

Asset-backed securities

    4,453     467         100     (143 )   3,780         (4,372 )   (217 )   4,068     80  

Other debt securities

    2,321     165         510     (1,082 )   2,254         (1,094 )   (249 )   2,825     6  
                                               

Total trading securities

  $ 13,823   $ 1,345   $   $ 2,847   $ (3,550 ) $ 12,858   $ 61   $ (12,023 ) $ (1,645 ) $ 13,716   $ 224  
                                               

Trading derivatives, net(4)

                                                                   

Interest rate contracts

    181     544         702     (13 )   208         (115 )   (172 )   1,335   $ 1,430  

Foreign exchange contracts

        350         29     (6 )   21         (9 )   16     401     (183 )

Equity contracts

    (1,448 )   37         (37 )   300     176         (125 )   (234 )   (1,331 )   (1,652 )

Commodity contracts

    (771 )   188         (5 )   37     15         (25 )   64     (497 )   108  

Credit derivatives

    (342 )   (254 )       134     (184 )   19             587     (40 )   (444 )
                                               

Total trading derivatives, net(4)

  $ (2,380 ) $ 865   $   $ 823   $ 134   $ 439   $   $ (274 ) $ 261   $ (132 ) $ (741 )
                                               

212


 
   
  Net realized/unrealized
gains (losses) incl. in
  Transfers    
   
   
   
   
   
 
In millions of dollars   Dec. 31,
2012
  Principal
transactions
  Other(1)(2)   into
Level 3
  out of
Level 3
  Purchases   Issuances   Sales   Settlements   Sep. 30,
2013
  Unrealized
gains (losses)
still held(3)
 

Investments

                                                                   

Mortgage-backed securities

                                                                   

U.S. government-sponsored agency guaranteed

  $ 1,458   $   $ (10 ) $ 1,977   $ (3,721 ) $ 514   $   $ (37 ) $ (57 ) $ 124   $ 9  

Residential

    205         23     60     (265 )   117         (140 )            

Commercial

                4     (12 )   12                 4      
                                               

Total investment mortgage-backed securities

  $ 1,663   $   $ 13   $ 2,041   $ (3,998 ) $ 643   $   $ (177 ) $ (57 ) $ 128   $ 9  
                                               

U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities

  $ 12   $   $   $   $   $   $   $ (3 ) $   $ 9      

State and municipal

    849         4     12     (117 )   261         (158 )   (125 )   726     (3 )

Foreign government

    383         (1 )   168     (256 )   394         (291 )   (71 )   326     (36 )

Corporate

    385         14     333     (116 )   101         (222 )   (23 )   472     4  

Equity securities

    773         31     17     (1 )   1         (22 )       799     30  

Asset-backed securities

    2,220         64     1,192     (1,684 )   1,105         (31 )   (1,023 )   1,843     4  

Other debt securities

    258                 (205 )           (53 )            

Non-marketable equity securities

    5,364         289             621         (83 )   (1,089 )   5,102     271  
                                               

Total investments

  $ 11,907   $   $ 414   $ 3,763   $ (6,377 ) $ 3,126   $   $ (1,040 ) $ (2,388 ) $ 9,405   $ 279  
                                               

213


 
   
  Net realized/unrealized
gains (losses) incl. in
  Transfers    
   
   
   
   
   
 
In millions of dollars   Dec. 31,
2012
  Principal
transactions
  Other(1)(2)   into
Level 3
  out of
Level 3
  Purchases   Issuances   Sales   Settlements   Sep. 30,
2013
  Unrealized
gains (losses)
still held(3)
 

Loans

  $ 4,931   $   $ (97 ) $ 353   $   $ 59   $ 644   $ (6 ) $ (1,551 ) $ 4,333   $ (99 )

Mortgage servicing rights

  $ 1,942   $   $ 411   $   $   $   $ 543   $ (1 ) $ (315 ) $ 2,580     181  

Other financial assets measured on a recurring basis

  $ 2,452   $   $ 51   $ 1   $   $ 216   $ 447   $ (2,041 ) $ (856 ) $ 270     266  
                                               

Liabilities

                                                                   

Interest-bearing deposits

  $ 786   $   $ (86 ) $ 22   $   $   $ 86   $   $ (112 ) $ 868     (298 )

Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase

    841     74         216     (15 )           40     (113 )   895     35  

Trading account liabilities

                                                                   

Securities sold, not yet purchased

    365     51         54     (21 )           358     (229 )   476     132  

Short-term borrowings

    112     25         2     (4 )       316         (238 )   163     (40 )

Long-term debt

    6,726     62     113     1,740     (2,030 )       959     (1 )   (1,046 )   6,173     (1,027 )

Other financial liabilities measured on a recurring basis

    24         (208 )   5     (2 )   (3 )   100         (315 )   17     (26 )
                                               

(1)
Changes in fair value for available-for-sale investments (debt securities) are recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), unless other-than-temporarily impaired, while gains and losses from sales are recorded in Realized gains (losses) from sales of investments on the Consolidated Statement of Income.

(2)
Unrealized gains (losses) on MSRs are recorded in Other revenue on the Consolidated Statement of Income.

(3)
Represents the amount of total gains or losses for the period, included in earnings (and Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for changes in fair value for available-for-sale investments), attributable to the change in fair value relating to assets and liabilities classified as Level 3 that are still held at September 30, 2013.

(4)
Total Level 3 derivative assets and liabilities have been netted in these tables for presentation purposes only.

214


 
   
  Net realized/unrealized
gains (losses) incl. in
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
  Transfers    
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
  Unrealized
gains
(losses)
still held(3)
 
In millions of dollars   Jun. 30,
2012
  Principal
transactions
  Other(1)(2)   into
Level 3
  out of
Level 3
  Purchases   Issuances   Sales   Settlements   Sep. 30,
2012
 

Assets

                                                                   

Federal funds sold and securities borrowed or purchased under agreements to resell

  $ 4,414   $ 5   $   $ 258   $   $   $   $   $   $ 4,677   $  

Trading securities

                                                                   

Trading mortgage-backed securities

                                                                   

U.S. government-sponsored agency guaranteed

  $ 895   $ (12 ) $   $ 135   $ (199 ) $ 97   $ 17   $ (217 ) $ (32 ) $ 684   $ (21 )

Residential

    1,945     116         243     (78 )   84         (435 )   (4 )   1,871     18  

Commercial

    416     (1 )       163     (29 )   38         (63 )       524     1  
                                               

Total trading mortgage-backed securities

  $ 3,256   $ 103   $   $ 541   $ (306 ) $ 219   $ 17   $ (715 ) $ (36 ) $ 3,079   $ (2 )
                                               

U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities

  $ 13   $   $   $   $   $   $   $ (13 ) $   $   $  
                                               

State and municipal

  $ 223   $ 13   $   $ 4   $   $ 20   $   $ (12 ) $   $ 248   $ 5  

Foreign government

    333     1         14     (124 )   39         (65 )       198     3  

Corporate

    2,189             43     (58 )   392         (215 )       2,351     1  

Equity securities

    217     13         30     (4 )   52         (21 )   (44 )   243     (7 )

Asset-backed securities

    4,835     212         24     (43 )   2,030         (1,933 )   (3 )   5,122     162  

Other debt securities

    2,266     (7 )       324     (143 )   781         (749 )   (58 )   2,414     2  
                                               

Total trading securities

  $ 13,332   $ 335   $   $ 980   $ (678 ) $ 3,533   $ 17   $ (3,723 ) $ (141 ) $ 13,655   $ 164  
                                               

Trading derivatives, net(4)

                                                                   

Interest rate contracts

    619     (188 )       172     (275 )   23         (19 )   (454 )   (122 )   194  

Foreign exchange contracts

    (517 )   50         (70 )   (17 )   2         (6 )   (32 )   (590 )   (85 )

Equity contracts

    (1,587 )           (84 )   20     101         (163 )   84     (1,629 )   (328 )

Commodity contracts

    (902 )   (12 )       (15 )       25         (2 )   (8 )   (914 )   216  

Credit derivatives

    298     (775 )       45     (70 )   2             39     (461 )   (80 )
                                               

Total trading derivatives, net(4)

  $ (2,089 ) $ (925 ) $   $ 48   $ (342 ) $ 153   $   $ (190 ) $ (371 ) $ (3,716 ) $ (83 )
                                               

215


 
   
  Net realized/unrealized
gains (losses) incl. in
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
  Transfers    
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
  Unrealized
gains
(losses)
still held(3)
 
In millions of dollars   Jun. 30,
2012
  Principal
transactions
  Other(1)(2)   into
Level 3
  out of
Level 3
  Purchases   Issuances   Sales   Settlements   Sep. 30,
2012
 

Investments

                                                                   

Mortgage-backed securities

                                                                   

U.S. government-sponsored agency guaranteed

  $ 1,399   $   $ 10   $ 472   $ (1,257 ) $ 580   $   $   $   $ 1,204   $ 55  

Residential

    11         3     203         37         (11 )       243      

Commercial

    5                 (5 )                        
                                               

Total investment mortgage-backed securities

  $ 1,415   $   $ 13   $ 675   $ (1,262 ) $ 617   $   $ (11 ) $   $ 1,447   $ 55  
                                               

U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities

  $   $   $   $ 75   $   $ 12   $   $   $   $ 87   $  

State and municipal

    480         (4 )           118         (3 )       591     6  

Foreign government

    329         (3 )   68     (80 )   127         (26 )   (34 )   381     1  

Corporate

    421         (6 )   23     (2 )   7         (66 )   (40 )   337     (4 )

Equity securities

    1,180         52                     (54 )   (120 )   1,058     28  

Asset-backed securities

    2,771         (170 )   402     (11 )   755         (27 )   (368 )   3,352     (170 )

Other debt securities

    55         (53 )           52                 54      

Non-marketable equity securities

    6,278         232             76         (1,734 )   (68 )   4,784     34  
                                               

Total investments

  $ 12,929   $   $ 61   $ 1,243   $ (1,355 ) $ 1,764   $   $ (1,921 ) $ (630 ) $ 12,091   $ (50 )
                                               

216



 
   
  Net realized/unrealized
gains (losses) incl. in
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
  Transfers    
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
  Unrealized
gains
(losses)
still held(3)
 
In millions of dollars   Jun. 30,
2012
  Principal
transactions
  Other(1)(2)   into
Level 3
  out of
Level 3
  Purchases   Issuances   Sales   Settlements   Sep. 30,
2012
 

Loans

  $ 4,737   $   $ 79   $ 87   $   $ 142   $ 415   $ (144 ) $ (252 ) $ 5,064   $ 15  

Mortgage servicing rights

  $ 2,117   $   $ (169 ) $   $   $   $ 101   $   $ (129 ) $ 1,920   $ (169 )

Other financial assets measured on a recurring basis

  $ 2,375   $   $ 207   $ 13   $   $ 1   $ 635   $ (4 ) $ (562 ) $ 2,665   $ 207  
                                               

Liabilities

                                                                   

Interest-bearing deposits

  $ 698   $   $ (85 ) $   $ (36 ) $   $ 71   $   $ (57 ) $ 761   $  

Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase

    1,045     (24 )           (14 )           (215 )   1     841     4  

Trading account liabilities

                                                                   

Securities sold, not yet purchased

    148     16         13     (12 )           24     (32 )   125     9  

Short-term borrowings

    367     (20 )       43             66         (397 )   99     (10 )

Long-term debt

    5,952     (135 )   8     363     (216 )       648         (408 )   6,466     (245 )

Other financial liabilities measured on a recurring basis

    2         (3 )               1     (1 )   (2 )   3     (3 )
                                               

(1)
Changes in fair value for available-for-sale investments (debt securities) are recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) unless other-than-temporarily impaired, while gains and losses from sales are recorded in Realized gains (losses) from sales of investments on the Consolidated Statement of Income.

(2)
Unrealized gains (losses) on MSRs are recorded in Other revenue on the Consolidated Statement of Income. See Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of other-than-temporary impairment.

(3)
Represents the amount of total gains or losses for the period, included in earnings (and Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for changes in fair value for available-for-sale investments), attributable to the change in fair value relating to assets and liabilities classified as Level 3 that are still held at September 30, 2012.

(4)
Total Level 3 derivative assets and liabilities have been netted in these tables for presentation purposes only.

217


 
   
  Net realized/unrealized
gains (losses) incl. in
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
  Transfers    
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
  Unrealized
gains
(losses)
still held(3)
 
In millions of dollars   Dec. 31,
2011
  Principal
transactions
  Other(1)(2)   into
Level 3
  out of
Level 3
  Purchases   Issuances   Sales   Settlements   Sep. 30,
2012
 

Assets

                                                                   

Federal funds sold and securities borrowed or purchased under agreements to resell

  $ 4,701   $ 70   $   $ 283   $ (377 ) $   $   $   $   $ 4,677   $  

Trading securities

                                                                   

Trading mortgage-backed securities

                                                                   

U.S. government-sponsored agency guaranteed

  $ 861   $ 21   $   $ 673   $ (544 ) $ 352   $ 62   $ (631 ) $ (110 ) $ 684   $ (27 )

Residential

    1,509     196         703     (378 )   1,401         (1,553 )   (7 )   1,871     13  

Commercial

    618     (71 )       254     (217 )   353         (413 )       524     12  
                                               

Total trading mortgage-backed securities

  $ 2,988   $ 146   $   $ 1,630   $ (1,139 ) $ 2,106   $ 62   $ (2,597 ) $ (117 ) $ 3,079   $ (2 )
                                               

U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities

  $ 3   $   $   $   $   $ 13   $   $ (16 ) $   $   $  
                                               

State and municipal

  $ 252   $ 30   $   $ 4   $ (7 ) $ 48   $   $ (79 ) $   $ 248   $ 3  

Foreign government

    521     5         26     (864 )   881         (371 )       198     2  

Corporate

    3,240     9         391     (449 )   2,148         (1,614 )   (1,374 )   2,351     (40 )

Equity securities

    244     (58 )       49     (17 )   256         (163 )   (68 )   243     (27 )

Asset-backed securities

    5,801     434         189     (104 )   5,690         (6,226 )   (662 )   5,122     126  

Other debt securities

    2,743     15         964     (1,566 )   2,143         (1,630 )   (255 )   2,414      
                                               

Total trading securities

  $ 15,792   $ 581   $   $ 3,253   $ (4,146 ) $ 13,285   $ 62   $ (12,696 ) $ (2,476 ) $ 13,655   $ 62  
                                               

Trading derivatives, net(4)

                                                                   

Interest rate contracts

    726     (46 )       295     (394 )   239         (158 )   (784 )   (122 )   (169 )

Foreign exchange contracts

    (562 )   130         (152 )   29     190         (203 )   (22 )   (590 )   (14 )

Equity contracts

    (1,737 )   199         (120 )   387     304         (498 )   (164 )   (1,629 )   (581 )

Commodity contracts

    (934 )   (51 )       (20 )   45     98         (80 )   28     (914 )   (55 )

Credit derivatives

    1,728     (2,227 )       (85 )   (129 )   116         (10 )   146     (461 )   (926 )
                                               

Total trading derivatives, net(4)

  $ (779 ) $ (1,995 ) $   $ (82 ) $ (62 ) $ 947   $   $ (949 ) $ (796 ) $ (3,716 ) $ (1,745 )
                                               

218


 
   
  Net realized/unrealized
gains (losses) incl. in
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
  Transfers    
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
  Unrealized
gains
(losses)
still held(3)
 
In millions of dollars   Dec. 31,
2011
  Principal
transactions
  Other(1)(2)   into
Level 3
  out of
Level 3
  Purchases   Issuances   Sales   Settlements   Sep. 30,
2012
 

Investments

                                                                   

Mortgage-backed securities

                                                                   

U.S. government-sponsored agency guaranteed

  $ 679   $   $ 6   $ 472   $ (2,778 ) $ 2,825   $   $   $   $ 1,204   $ 55  

Residential

    8         3     203     (6 )   46         (11 )       243      

Commercial

                    (11 )   11                      
                                               

Total investment mortgage-backed securities

  $ 687   $   $ 9   $ 675   $ (2,795 ) $ 2,882   $   $ (11 ) $   $ 1,447   $ 55  
                                               

U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities

  $ 75   $   $   $ 75   $ (75 ) $ 12   $   $   $   $ 87   $  

State and municipal

    667         9         (151 )   276         (210 )       591     (3 )

Foreign government

    447         13     148     (236 )   328         (216 )   (103 )   381     3  

Corporate

    989         (11 )   68     (698 )   136         (102 )   (45 )   337     5  

Equity securities

    1,453         101                     (228 )   (268 )   1,058     16  

Asset-backed securities

    4,041         (160 )   402     (54 )   767         (77 )   (1,567 )   3,352     1  

Other debt securities

    120         (53 )           52         (64 )   (1 )   54      

Non-marketable equity securities

    8,318         411             343         (3,204 )   (1,084 )   4,784     139  
                                               

Total investments

  $ 16,797   $   $ 319   $ 1,368   $ (4,009 ) $ 4,796   $   $ (4,112 ) $ (3,068 ) $ 12,091   $ 216  
                                               

219


 
   
  Net realized/unrealized
gains (losses) incl. in
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
  Transfers    
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
  Unrealized
gains
(losses)
still held(3)
 
In millions of dollars   Dec. 31,
2011
  Principal
transactions
  Other(1)(2)   into
Level 3
  out of
Level 3
  Purchases   Issuances   Sales   Settlements   Sep. 30,
2012
 

Loans

  $ 4,682   $   $ 17   $ 1,004   $ (25 ) $ 249   $ 930   $ (239 ) $ (1,554 ) $ 5,064   $ 65  

Mortgage servicing rights

  $ 2,569   $   $ (462 ) $   $   $ 2   $ 322   $ (5 ) $ (506 ) $ 1,920   $ (464 )

Other financial assets measured on a recurring basis

  $ 2,245   $   $ 305   $ 21   $ (31 ) $ 3   $ 1,264   $ (46 ) $ (1,096 ) $ 2,665   $ 235  
                                               

Liabilities

                                                                   

Interest-bearing deposits

  $ 431   $   $ (105 ) $ 213   $ (36 ) $   $ 251   $   $ (203 ) $ 761   $ (142 )

Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase

    1,061     (89 )           (14 )           (211 )   (84 )   841     36  

Trading account liabilities

                                                                   

Securities sold, not yet purchased

    412     (44 )       18     (43 )           164     (470 )   125     (40 )

Short-term borrowings

    499     (76 )       46     (11 )       261         (772 )   99     (26 )

Long-term debt

    6,904     6     89     712     (1,122 )       1,823         (1,756 )   6,466     (534 )

Other financial liabilities measured on a recurring basis

    3         (5 )           (2 )   2     (1 )   (4 )   3     (2 )
                                               

(1)
Changes in fair value for available-for-sale investments (debt securities) are recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) unless other-than-temporarily impaired, while gains and losses from sales are recorded in Realized gains (losses) from sales of investments on the Consolidated Statement of Income.

(2)
Unrealized gains (losses) on MSRs are recorded in Other revenue on the Consolidated Statement of Income. See Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of other-than-temporary impairment.

(3)
Represents the amount of total gains or losses for the period, included in earnings (and Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for changes in fair value for available-for-sale investments), attributable to the change in fair value relating to assets and liabilities classified as Level 3 that are still held at September 30, 2012.

(4)
Total Level 3 derivative assets and liabilities have been netted in these tables for presentation purposes only.

220


Level 3 Fair Value Rollforward

        The following were the significant Level 3 transfers from June 30, 2013 to September 30, 2013:

        The following were the significant Level 3 transfers from December 31, 2012 to September 30, 2013:

        The following were the significant Level 3 transfers for the period June 30, 2012 to September 30, 2012:

        The following were the significant Level 3 transfers for the period December 31, 2011 to September 30, 2012:

Valuation Techniques and Inputs for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements

        The Company's Level 3 inventory consists of both cash securities and derivatives of varying complexities. The valuation methodologies applied to measure the fair value of these positions include discounted cash flow analyses, internal models and comparative analysis. A position is classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy when at least one input is unobservable and is considered significant to its valuation. The specific reason an input is deemed unobservable varies. For example, at least one significant input to the pricing model is not observable in the market, at least one significant input has been adjusted to make it more representative of the position being valued, or the price quote available does not reflect sufficient trading activities.

        The following tables present the valuation techniques covering the majority of Level 3 inventory and the most significant unobservable inputs used in Level 3 fair value measurements as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012. Differences between this table and amounts presented in the Level 3 Fair Value Rollforward table represent individually immaterial items that have been measured using a variety of valuation techniques other than those listed.

221


Valuation Techniques and Inputs for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements

As of September 30, 2013
  Fair Value(1)
(in millions)
  Methodology   Input   Low(2)(3)   High(2)(3)   Weighted
Average(4)
 

Assets

                                 

Federal funds sold and securities borrowed or purchased under agreements to resell

  $ 3,491   Cash flow   Interest rate     1.14 %   2.17 %   1.87 %

            Yield     1.60 %   4.50 %   2.10 %

Trading and investment securities

  $ 2,906   Price-based   Price   $ 0.10   $ 149.16   $ 75.75  

Mortgage-backed securities

    1,231   Yield analysis   Yield     0.01 %   23.17 %   6.37 %

State and municipal, foreign government, corporate and other debt securities

  $ 4,393   Price-based   Price   $ 0.00   $ 116.75   $ 79.10  

    1,109   Cash flow   Credit spread     25 bps     600 bps     256 bps  

Equity securities

  $ 814   Cash flow   Weighted-average life (WAL)     0.01 years     3.53 years     1.37 years  

    534   Price-based   Yield     4.00 %   5.00 %   4.50 %

            Price(5)   $ 0.00   $ 100.00   $ 72.79  

Asset-backed securities

  $ 4,337   Price-based   Price   $ 0.00   $ 133.32   $ 69.17  

    1,271   Model-based   Credit spread     298 bps     298 bps     298 bps  

Non-marketable equity

  $ 2,739   Price-based   Fund NAV   $ 612   $ 511,647,716   $ 170,404,146  

    1,726   Comparables analysis   EBITDA Multiples     4.30 x   18.30 x   9.56 x

    510   Cash flow   Discount to price     0.00 %   75.00 %   2.87 %

            Price-to-book ratio     0.80 x   2.50 x   1.54 x

            PE ratio     9.90 x   16.90 x   12.55 x

            Cost of capital     9.50 %   15.98 %   10.96 %
                           

Derivatives—Gross(6)

                                 

Interest rate contracts (gross)

  $ 6,014   Model-based   Interest rate (IR) volatility     11.00 %   90.00 %   20.79 %

Foreign exchange contracts (gross)

  $ 2,228   Model-based   Foreign exchange (FX) volatility     4.00 %   21.00 %   12.59 %

            IR-IR correlation     39.51 %   61.76 %   40.30 %

            IR-FX correlation     40.00 %   60.00 %   48.51 %

Equity contracts (gross)(7)

  $ 3,182   Model-based   Equity volatility     4.96 %   72.72 %   27.95 %

            Equity forward     85.98 %   155.88 %   101.54 %

            Equity-equity correlation     (81.30 )%   99.40 %   27.00 %

            Equity-FX correlation     (67.50 )%   45.00 %   (7.10 )%

            Price   $ 0.00   $ 141.71   $ 80.03  

Commodity contracts (gross)

  $ 1,888   Model-based   Commodity volatility     5.00 %   124.00 %   16.00 %

            Commodity correlation     (75.00 )%   91.00 %   30.00 %

            Forward price     30.00 %   186.00 %   108.00 %

Credit derivatives (gross)

  $ 4,658   Model-based   Recovery rate     20.00 %   65.00 %   39.76 %

    1,645   Price-based   Price   $ 0.00   $ 116.75   $ 36.16  

            Credit correlation     5.00 %   95.00 %   45.19 %

            Credit spread     0 bps     1,496 bps     276 bps  

Nontrading derivatives and other financial assets and liabilities measured on a recurring basis (gross)(6)

  $ 122   Model-based   Redemption rate     19.19 %   99.50 %   77.54 %

    83   Price-based   EBITDA multiples     6.80 x   13.80 x   12.03 x

    81   Comparables analysis   PE ratio     8.90 x   8.90 x   8.90 x

            Price-to-book ratio     0.70 x   1.10 x   1.02 x

            Price   $ 0.01   $ 100.00   $ 100.00  

Loans

  $ 1,904   Price-based   Price   $ 0.13   $ 104.76   $ 90.09  

    1,134   Cash flow   Credit spread     4 bps     400 bps     104 bps  

    769   Model-based   Yield     1.60 %   4.50 %   2.10 %

    526   Yield analysis                        
                           

Mortgage servicing rights

  $ 2,488   Cash flow   Yield     2.96 %   12.00 %   8.61 %

            WAL     2.27 years     9.39 years     5.95 years  

        See footnotes on the next page.

222


Liabilities

                                 

Interest-bearing deposits

  $ 868   Model-based   Equity volatility     4.96 %   46.92 %   28.57 %

            Equity-IR correlation     15.00 %   19.00 %   18.33 %

            Mean reversion     1.00 %   20.00 %   10.50 %

            Forward price     30.00 %   186.00 %   108.00 %

            Commodity correlation     (75.00 )%   91.00 %   30.00 %

            Commodity volatility     5.00 %   124.00 %   16.00 %

Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase

  $ 695   Model-based   Interest rate     0.43 %   3.37 %   2.45 %

    200   Cash flow                        

Trading account liabilities

                                 

Securities sold, not yet purchased

  $ 450   Price-based   Credit spread     81 bps     245 bps     231 bps  

            Price   $ 0.00   $ 107.64   $ 77.84  

Short-term borrowings and long-term debt

  $ 5,154   Model-based   Price   $ 0.13   $ 112.41   $ 87.06  

    711   Price-based   IR-IR correlation     (51.00 )%   (51.00 )%   (51.00 )%

            IR volatility     11.00 %   90.00 %   21.00 %

            Interest rate     0.05 %   16.00 %   1.74 %

            Equity volatility     10.28 %   76.79 %   21.38 %

            Equity forward     87.80 %   106.30 %   99.91 %

            Equity-FX correlation     (67.50 )%   45.00 %   (7.10 )%

            Equity-equity correlation     (81.30 )%   99.40 %   27.00 %

(1)
The fair value amounts presented in this table represent the primary valuation technique or techniques for each class of assets or liabilities.

(2)
Some inputs are shown as zero due to rounding.

(3)
When the low and high inputs are the same, there is either a constant input applied to all positions, or the methodology involving the input applies to one large position only.

(4)
Where provided, weighted averages are calculated based on the fair value of the instrument.

(5)
For equity securities, the price input is expressed on an absolute basis, not as a percentage of the notional amount.

(6)
Both trading and nontrading account derivatives—assets and liabilities—are presented on a gross absolute value basis.

(7)
Includes hybrid products.

As of December 31, 2012
  Fair Value(1)
(in millions)
  Methodology   Input   Low(2)(3)   High(2)(3)  

Assets

                           

Federal funds sold and securities borrowed or purchased under agreements to resell

  $ 4,786   Cash flow   Interest rate     1.09 %   1.50 %

Trading and investment securities

                           

Mortgage-backed securities

  $ 4,402   Price-based   Price   $ 0.00   $ 135.00  

    1,148   Yield analysis   Yield     0.00 %   25.84 %

            Prepayment period     2.16 years     7.84 years  

State and municipal, foreign

  $ 4,416   Price-based   Price   $ 0.00   $ 159.63  

government, corporate and other

    1,231   Cash flow   Yield     0.00 %   30.00 %

debt securities

    787   Yield analysis   Credit spread     35 bps     300 bps  

Equity securities

  $ 792   Cash flow   Yield     9.00 %   10.00 %

    147   Price-based   Prepayment period     3 years     3 years  

            Price   $ 0.00   $ 750.00  

Asset-backed securities

  $ 4,253   Price-based   Price   $ 0.00   $ 136.63  

    1,775   Internal model   Yield     0.00 %   27.00 %

    561   Cash flow   Credit correlation     15.00 %   90.00 %

            Weighted average life (WAL)     0.34 years     16.07 years  

Non-marketable equity

  $ 2,768   Price-based   Fund NAV   $ 1.00   $ 456,773,838  

    1,803   Comparables analysis   EBITDA multiples     4.70 x   14.39 x

            Price-to-book ratio     0.77 x   1.50 x

    709   Cash flow   Discount to price     0.00 %   75.00 %

Derivatives—Gross(4)

                           

                           

223


As of December 31, 2012
  Fair Value(1)
(in millions)
  Methodology   Input   Low(2)(3)   High(2)(3)  

Interest rate contracts (gross)

  $ 3,202   Internal model   Interest rate (IR)-IR     (98.00 )%   90.00 %

            correlation              

            Credit spread     0 bps     550.27 bps  

            IR volatility     0.09 %   100.00 %

            Interest rate     0 %   15.00 %

Foreign exchange contracts (gross)

  $ 1,542   Internal model   Foreign exchange (FX) volatility     3.20 %   67.35 %

            IR-FX correlation     40.00 %   60.00 %

            Credit spread     0 bps     376 bps  

Equity contracts (gross)(5)

  $ 4,669   Internal model   Equity volatility     1.00 %   185.20 %

            Equity forward     74.94 %   132.70 %

            Equity-equity correlation     1.00 %   99.90 %

Commodity contracts (gross)

  $ 2,160   Internal model   Forward price     37.45 %   181.50 %

            Commodity correlation     (77.00 )%   95.00 %

            Commodity volatility     5.00 %   148.00 %

Credit derivatives (gross)

  $ 4,777   Internal model   Price   $ 0.00   $ 121.16  

    3,886   Price-based   Recovery rate     6.50 %   78.00 %

            Credit correlation     5.00 %   99.00 %

            Credit spread     0 bps     2,236 bps  

            Upfront points     3.62     100.00  

Nontrading derivatives and other financial assets and liabilities measured on a recurring basis (gross)(4)

  $ 2,000   External model   Price   $ 100.00   $ 100.00  

    461   Internal model   Redemption rate     30.79 %   99.50 %
                       

Loans

  $ 2,447   Price-based   Price   $ 0.00   $ 103.32  

    1,423   Yield analysis   Credit spread     55 bps     600.19 bps  

    888   Internal model                  

Mortgage servicing rights

  $ 1,858   Cash flow   Yield     0.00 %   53.19 %

            Prepayment period     2.16 years     7.84 years  

Liabilities

                           

Interest-bearing deposits

  $ 785   Internal model   Equity volatility     11.13 %   86.10 %

            Forward price     67.80 %   182.00 %

            Commodity correlation     (76.00 )%   95.00 %

            Commodity volatility     5.00 %   148.00 %

Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase

  $ 841   Internal model   Interest rate     0.33 %   4.91 %

Trading account liabilities

                           

Securities sold, not yet purchased            

  $ 265   Internal model   Price   $ 0.00   $ 166.47  

    75   Price-based                  

Short-term borrowings and long-term debt

  $ 5,067   Internal model   Price   $ 0.00   $ 121.16  

    1,112   Price-based   Equity volatility     12.40 %   185.20 %

    649   Yield analysis   Equity forward     75.40 %   132.70 %

            Equity-equity correlation     1.00 %   99.90 %

            Equity-FX correlation     (80.50 )%   50.40 %

(1)
The fair value amounts presented in this table represent the primary valuation technique or techniques for each class of assets or liabilities.

(2)
Some inputs are shown as zero due to rounding.

(3)
When the low and high inputs are the same, there is either a constant input applied to all positions, or the methodology involving the input applies to one large position only.

(4)
Both trading and nontrading account derivatives—assets and liabilities—are presented on a gross absolute value basis.

(5)
Includes hybrid products.

224


Sensitivity to Unobservable Inputs and Interrelationships between Unobservable Inputs

        The impact of key unobservable inputs on the Level 3 fair value measurements may not be independent of one another. In addition, the amount and direction of the impact on a fair value measurement for a given change in an unobservable input depends on the nature of the instrument as well as whether the Company holds the instrument as an asset or a liability. For certain instruments, the pricing hedging and risk management are sensitive to the correlation between various inputs rather than on the analysis and aggregation of the individual inputs.

        The following section describes the sensitivities and interrelationships of the most significant unobservable inputs used by the Company in Level 3 fair value measurements.

Correlation

        Correlation is a measure of the co-movement between two or more variables. A variety of correlation-related assumptions are required for a wide range of instruments, including equity and credit baskets, foreign-exchange options, CDOs backed by loans or bonds, mortgages, subprime mortgages and many other instruments. For almost all of these instruments, correlations are not observable in the market and must be estimated using historical information. Estimating correlation can be especially difficult where it may vary over time. Extracting correlation information from market data requires significant assumptions regarding the informational efficiency of the market (for example, swaption markets). Changes in correlation levels can have a major impact, favorable or unfavorable, on the value of an instrument, depending on its nature. A change in the default correlation of the fair value of the underlying bonds comprising a CDO structure would affect the fair value of the senior tranche. For example, an increase in the default correlation of the underlying bonds would reduce the fair value of the senior tranche, because highly correlated instruments produce larger losses in the event of default and a part of these losses would become attributable to the senior tranche. That same change in default correlation would have a different impact on junior tranches of the same structure.

Volatility

        Volatility represents the speed and severity of market price changes and is a key factor in pricing options. Typically, instruments can become more expensive if volatility increases. For example, as an index becomes more volatile, the cost to Citi of maintaining a given level of exposure increases because more frequent rebalancing of the portfolio is required. Volatility generally depends on the tenor of the underlying instrument and the strike price or level defined in the contract. Volatilities for certain combinations of tenor and strike are not observable. The general relationship between changes in the value of a portfolio to changes in volatility also depends on changes in interest rates and the level of the underlying index. Generally, long option positions (assets) benefit from increases in volatility, whereas short option positions (liabilities) will suffer losses. Some instruments are more sensitive to changes in volatility than others. For example, an at-the-money option would experience a larger percentage change in its fair value than a deep-in-the-money option. In addition, the fair value of an option with more than one underlying security (for example, an option on a basket of bonds) depends on the volatility of the individual underlying securities as well as their correlations.

Yield

        Adjusted yield is generally used to discount the projected future principal and interest cash flows on instruments, such as asset-backed securities. Adjusted yield is impacted by changes in the interest rate environment and relevant credit spreads.

        In some circumstances, the yield of an instrument is not observable in the market and must be estimated from historical data or from yields of similar securities. This estimated yield may need to be adjusted to capture the characteristics of the security being valued. In other situations, the estimated yield may not represent sufficient market liquidity and must be adjusted as well. Whenever the amount of the adjustment is significant to the value of the security, the fair value measurement is classified as Level 3.

Prepayment

        Voluntary unscheduled payments (prepayments) change the future cash flows for the investor and thereby change the fair value of the security. The effect of prepayments is more pronounced for residential mortgage-backed securities. An increase in prepayments—in speed or magnitude—generally creates losses for the holder of these securities. Prepayment is generally negatively correlated with delinquency and interest rate. A combination of low prepayment and high delinquencies amplify each input's negative impact on mortgage securities' valuation. As prepayment speeds change, the weighted average life of the security changes, which impacts the valuation either positively or negatively, depending upon the nature of the security and the direction of the change in the weighted average life.

Recovery

        Recovery is the proportion of the total outstanding balance of a bond or loan that is expected to be collected in a liquidation scenario. For many credit securities (such as asset-backed securities), there is no directly observable market input for recovery, but indications of recovery levels are available from pricing services. The assumed recovery of a security may differ from its actual recovery that will be observable in the future. The recovery rate impacts the valuation of credit securities. Generally, an increase in the recovery rate assumption increases the fair value of the security. An increase in loss severity, the inverse of the recovery rate, reduces the amount of principal available for distribution and, as a result, decreases the fair value of the security.

Credit Spread

        Credit spread is a component of the security representing its credit quality. Credit spread reflects the market perception of changes in prepayment, delinquency and recovery rates, therefore capturing the impact of other variables on the fair value. Changes in credit spread affect the fair value of securities differently depending on the characteristics and maturity profile of the security. For example, credit spread is a more significant driver of the fair value measurement of a high yield bond as compared to an investment grade bond. Generally, the credit spread for an investment grade bond is

225


also more observable and less volatile than its high yield counterpart.

Qualitative Discussion of the Ranges of Significant Unobservable Inputs

        The following section describes the ranges of the most significant unobservable inputs used by the Company in Level 3 fair value measurements. The level of aggregation and the diversity of instruments held by the Company lead to a wide range of unobservable inputs that may not be evenly distributed across the Level 3 inventory.

Correlation

        There are many different types of correlation inputs, including credit correlation, cross-asset correlation (such as equity-interest rate correlation), and same-asset correlation (such as interest rate-interest rate correlation). Correlation inputs are generally used to value hybrid and exotic instruments. Generally, same-asset correlation inputs have a narrower range than cross-asset correlation inputs. However, due to the complex and unique nature of these instruments, the ranges for correlation inputs can vary widely across portfolios.

Volatility

        Similar to correlation, asset-specific volatility inputs vary widely by asset type. For example, ranges for foreign exchange volatility are generally lower and narrower than equity volatility. Equity volatilities are wider due to the nature of the equities market and the terms of certain exotic instruments. For most instruments, the interest rate volatility input is on the lower end of the range; however, for certain structured or exotic instruments (such as market-linked deposits or exotic interest rate derivatives), the range is much wider.

Yield

        Ranges for the yield inputs vary significantly depending upon the type of security. For example, securities that typically have lower yields, such as municipal bonds, will fall on the lower end of the range, while more illiquid securities or securities with lower credit quality, such as certain residual tranche asset-backed securities, will have much higher yield inputs.

Credit Spread

        Credit spread is relevant primarily for fixed income and credit instruments; however, the ranges for the credit spread input can vary across instruments. For example, certain fixed income instruments, such as certificates of deposit, typically have lower credit spreads, whereas certain derivative instruments with high-risk counterparties are typically subject to higher credit spreads when they are uncollateralized or have a longer tenor. Other instruments, such as credit default swaps, also have credit spreads that vary with the attributes of the underlying obligor. Stronger companies have tighter credit spreads, and weaker companies have wider credit spreads.

Price

        The price input is a significant unobservable input for certain fixed income instruments. For these instruments, the price input is expressed as a percentage of the notional amount, with a price of $100 meaning that the instrument is valued at par. For most of these instruments, the price varies between zero to $100, or slightly above $100. Relatively illiquid assets that have experienced significant losses since issuance, such as certain asset-backed securities, are at the lower end of the range, whereas most investment grade corporate bonds will fall in the middle to the higher end of the range. For certain structured debt instruments with embedded derivatives, the price input may be above $100 to reflect the embedded features of the instrument (for example, a step-up coupon or a conversion option).

        The price input is also a significant unobservable input for certain equity securities; however, the range of price inputs varies depending on the nature of the position, the number of shares outstanding and other factors.

Items Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

        Certain assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis and therefore are not included in the tables above. These include assets measured at cost that have been written down to fair value during the periods as a result of an impairment. In addition, these assets include loans held-for-sale and other real estate owned that are measured at the lower of cost or market.

        The following table presents the carrying amounts of all assets that were still held as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, and for which a nonrecurring fair value measurement was recorded during the six and twelve months then ended, respectively:

In millions of dollars   Fair value   Level 2   Level 3  

September 30, 2013

                   

Loans held-for-sale

  $ 3,239   $ 1,968   $ 1,271  

Other real estate owned

    162     37     125  

Loans(1)

    4,543     3,963     580  
               

Total assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis

  $ 7,944   $ 5,968   $ 1,976  
               

(1)
Represents impaired loans held for investment whose carrying amount is based on the fair value of the underlying collateral, including primarily real-estate secured loans.

226


In millions of dollars   Fair value   Level 2   Level 3  

December 31, 2012

                   

Loans held-for-sale

  $ 2,647   $ 1,159   $ 1,488  

Other real estate owned

    201     22     179  

Loans(1)

    5,732     5,160     572  

Other assets(2)

    4,725     4,725      
               

Total assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis

  $ 13,305   $ 11,066   $ 2,239  
               

(1)
Represents impaired loans held for investment whose carrying amount is based on the fair value of the underlying collateral, including primarily real-estate secured loans.

(2)
Represents Citi's then-remaining 35% investment in the Morgan Stanley Smith Barney joint venture whose carrying amount was the agreed purchase price. See Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

        The fair value of loans-held-for-sale is determined where possible using quoted secondary-market prices. If no such quoted price exists, the fair value of a loan is determined using quoted prices for a similar asset or assets, adjusted for the specific attributes of that loan. Fair value for the other real estate owned is based on appraisals. For loans whose carrying amount is based on the fair value of the underlying collateral, the fair values depend on the type of collateral. Fair value of the collateral is typically estimated based on quoted market prices if available, appraisals or other internal valuation techniques.

        Where the fair value of the related collateral is based on an unadjusted appraised value, the loan is generally classified as Level 2. Where significant adjustments are made to the appraised value, the loan is classified as Level 3. Additionally, for corporate loans, appraisals of the collateral are often based on sales of similar assets; however, because the prices of similar assets require significant adjustments to reflect the unique features of the underlying collateral, these fair value measurements are generally classified as Level 3.

Valuation Techniques and Inputs for Level 3 Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements

        The following tables present the valuation techniques covering the majority of Level 3 nonrecurring fair value measurements and the most significant unobservable inputs used in those measurements as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012:

As of September 30, 2013   Fair Value(1)
(in millions)
  Methodology   Input   Low   High   Weighted
average(2)
 

Loans held-for-sale

  $ 1,160   Price-based   Price   $ 60.00   $ 104.95   $ 95.84  

Other real estate owned

 
$

121
 

Price-based

 

Discount to price

   
24.00

%
 
59.00

%
 
33.43

%

            Price   $ 0.01   $ 111.50   $ 100.03  

            Appraised value   $ 0.00   $ 2,801,660   $ 1,324,975  

Loans(3)

  $ 354   Price-based   Appraised value   $ 6,500,000   $ 195,314,528   $ 117,837,538  

    132   Model-based   Discount to price     24.00 %   34.00 %   32.69 %

    74   Recovery analysis   Recovery rate     45.00 %   65.00 %   53.80 %

(1)
The fair value amounts presented in this table represent the primary valuation technique or techniques for each class of assets or liabilities.

(2)
Weighted averages are calculated based on the fair value of the instrument.

(3)
Represents loans held for investment whose carrying amounts are based on the fair value of the underlying collateral.

As of December 31, 2012   Fair Value(1)
(in millions)
  Methodology   Input   Low   High  

Loans held-for-sale

  $ 747   Price-based   Price   $ 63.42   $ 100.00  

    485   External model   Credit spread     40 bps     40 bps  

    174   Recovery analysis                  

Other real estate owned

    165   Price-based   Discount to price     11.00 %   50.00 %

            Price(2)   $ 39,774   $ 15,457,452  

Loans(3)

    351   Price-based   Discount to price     25.00 %   34.00 %

    111   Internal model   Price(2)   $ 6,272,242   $ 86,200,000  

            Discount rate     6.00 %   16.49 %

(1)
The fair value amounts presented in this table represent the primary valuation technique or techniques for each class of assets or liabilities.

(2)
Prices are based on appraised values.

(3)
Represents loans held for investment whose carrying amounts are based on the fair value of the underlying collateral.

227


Nonrecurring Fair Value Changes

        The following table presents total nonrecurring fair value measurements for the period, included in earnings, attributable to the change in fair value relating to assets that are still held at September 30, 2013 and 2012:

 
  Three months ended
September 30,
 
In millions of dollars   2013   2012  

Loans held-for-sale

  $ (44 ) $ (12 )

Other real estate owned

    (1 )   (7 )

Loans(1)

    (186 )   (957 )

Other assets(2)

        (3,340 )
           

Total nonrecurring fair value gains (losses)

  $ (231 ) $ (4,316 )
           

(1)
Represents loans held for investment whose carrying amount is based on the fair value of the underlying collateral, including primarily real-estate loans.

(2)
The three months ended September 30, 2012 includes the recognition of a $3,340 million impairment charge related to the carrying value of Citi's then-remaining 35% interest in the Morgan Stanley Smith Barney joint venture (MSSB). See note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.


 
  Nine months ended
September 30,
 
In millions of dollars   2013   2012  

Loans held-for-sale

  $ (44 ) $ (11 )

Other real estate owned

    (6 )   (22 )

Loans(1)

    (444 )   (1,461 )

Other assets(2)

        (3,340 )
           

Total nonrecurring fair value gains (losses)

  $ (494 ) $ (4,834 )
           

(1)
Represents loans held for investment whose carrying amount is based on the fair value of the underlying collateral, including primarily real-estate loans.

(2)
The nine months ended September 30, 2012 includes the recognition of a $3,340 million impairment charge related to the carrying value of Citi's then-remaining 35% interest in MSSB. See note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Estimated Fair Value of Financial Instruments Not Carried at Fair Value

        The table below presents the carrying value and fair value of Citigroup's financial instruments which are not carried at fair value. The table below therefore excludes items measured at fair value on a recurring basis presented in the tables above.

        The disclosure also excludes leases, affiliate investments, pension and benefit obligations and insurance policy claim reserves. In addition, contract-holder fund amounts exclude certain insurance contracts. Also, as required, the disclosure excludes the effect of taxes, any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one time the entire holdings of a particular instrument, excess fair value associated with deposits with no fixed maturity, and other expenses that would be incurred in a market transaction. In addition, the table excludes the values of non-financial assets and liabilities, as well as a wide range of franchise, relationship and intangible values, which are integral to a full assessment of Citigroup's financial position and the value of its net assets.

        The fair value represents management's best estimates based on a range of methodologies and assumptions. The carrying value of short-term financial instruments not accounted for at fair value, as well as receivables and payables arising in the ordinary course of business, approximates fair value because of the relatively short period of time between their origination and expected realization. Quoted market prices are used when available for investments and for liabilities, such as long-term debt not carried at fair value. For loans not accounted for at fair value, cash flows are discounted at quoted secondary market rates or estimated market rates if available. Otherwise, sales of comparable loan portfolios or current market origination rates for loans with similar terms and risk characteristics are used. Expected credit losses are either embedded in the estimated future cash flows or incorporated as an adjustment to the discount rate used. The value of collateral is also considered. For liabilities such as long-term debt not accounted for at fair value and without quoted market prices, market borrowing rates of interest are used to discount contractual cash flows.

228


 
  September 30, 2013    
   
   
 
 
  Estimated fair value  
 
  Carrying
value
  Estimated
fair value
 
In billions of dollars   Level 1   Level 2   Level 3  

Assets

                               

Investments

  $ 18.2   $ 18.7   $ 5.3   $ 12.5   $ 0.9  

Federal funds sold and securities borrowed or purchased under agreements to resell

    98.7     98.7         88.1     10.6  

Loans(1)(2)

    629.0     618.5         4.7     613.8  

Other financial assets(2)(3)

    260.9     260.9     10.7     196.8     53.4  
                       

Liabilities

                               

Deposits

  $ 953.8   $ 952.4   $   $ 775.1   $ 177.3  

Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase

    97.0     97.0         92.1     4.9  

Long-term debt(4)

    195.0     201.5         176.3     25.2  

Other financial liabilities(5)

    141.5     141.5         23.7     117.8  
                       

 

 
  December 31, 2012    
   
   
 
 
  Estimated fair value  
 
  Carrying
value
  Estimated
fair value
 
In billions of dollars   Level 1   Level 2   Level 3  

Assets

                               

Investments

  $ 17.9   $ 18.4   $ 3.0   $ 14.3   $ 1.1  

Federal funds sold and securities borrowed or purchased under agreements to resell

    100.7     100.7         94.8     5.9  

Loans(1)(2)

    621.9     612.2         4.2     608.0  

Other financial assets(2)(3)

    192.8     192.8     11.4     128.3     53.1  
                       

Liabilities

                               

Deposits

  $ 929.1   $ 927.4   $   $ 748.7   $ 178.7  

Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase

    94.5     94.5         94.4     0.1  

Long-term debt(4)

    209.7     215.3         177.0     38.3  

Other financial liabilities(5)

    139.0     139.0         31.1     107.9  
                       

(1)
The carrying value of loans is net of the Allowance for loan losses of $20.6 billion for September 30, 2013 and $25.5 billion for December 31, 2012. In addition, the carrying values exclude $2.8 billion and $2.8 billion of lease finance receivables at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively.

(2)
Includes items measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis.

(3)
Includes cash and due from banks, deposits with banks, brokerage receivables, reinsurance recoverable and other financial instruments included in Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, for all of which the carrying value is a reasonable estimate of fair value.

(4)
The carrying value includes long-term debt balances carried at fair value under fair value hedge accounting.

(5)
Includes brokerage payables, separate and variable accounts, short-term borrowings (carried at cost) and other financial instruments included in Other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, for all of which the carrying value is a reasonable estimate of fair value.

        Fair values vary from period to period based on changes in a wide range of factors, including interest rates, credit quality and market perceptions of value, and as existing assets and liabilities run off and new transactions are entered into. The estimated fair values of loans reflect changes in credit status since the loans were made, changes in interest rates in the case of fixed-rate loans, and premium values at origination of certain loans. The carrying values (reduced by the Allowance for loan losses) exceeded the estimated fair values of Citigroup's loans, in aggregate, by $10.5 billion and by $9.7 billion at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively. At September 30, 2013, the carrying values, net of allowances, exceeded the estimated fair values by $7.6 billion and $2.9 billion for Consumer loans and Corporate loans, respectively.

        The estimated fair values of the Company's corporate unfunded lending commitments at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 were liabilities of $5.2 billion and $4.9 billion, respectively, which are substantially classified as Level 3. The Company does not estimate the fair values of consumer unfunded lending commitments, which are generally cancelable by providing notice to the borrower.

229


22.   FAIR VALUE ELECTIONS

        The Company may elect to report most financial instruments and certain other items at fair value on an instrument-by-instrument basis with changes in fair value reported in earnings. The election is made upon the acquisition of an eligible financial asset, financial liability or firm commitment or when certain specified reconsideration events occur. The fair value election may not be revoked once an election is made. The changes in fair value are recorded in current earnings. Additional discussion regarding the applicable areas in which fair value elections were made is presented in Note 21 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

        All servicing rights are recognized initially at fair value. The Company has elected fair value accounting for its mortgage servicing rights. See Note 19 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussions regarding the accounting and reporting of MSRs.

        The following table presents, as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the fair value of those positions selected for fair value accounting, as well as the changes in fair value gains and losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012:

 
   
   
  Changes in fair
value gains
(losses) for the
nine months
ended September 30,
 
 
  Fair value at  
 
  September 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012
 
In millions of dollars   2013   2012  

Assets

                         

Federal funds sold and securities borrowed or purchased under agreements to resell Selected portfolios of securities purchased under agreements to resell and securities borrowed(1)

  $ 175,015   $ 160,589   $ (505 ) $ (192 )

Trading account assets

    11,984     17,206     (271 )   934  

Investments

    223     443     (33 )   (39 )

Loans

                         

Certain Corporate loans(2)

    4,202     4,056     324     100  

Certain Consumer loans(2)

    996     1,231     (114 )   (78 )
                   

Total loans

  $ 5,198   $ 5,287   $ 210   $ 22  
                   

Other assets

                         

MSRs

  $ 2,580   $ 1,942   $ 410   $ (462 )

Certain mortgage loans held for sale

    3,426     6,879     94     281  

Certain equity method investments

    226     22     (5 )   (1 )
                   

Total other assets

  $ 6,232   $ 8,843   $ 499   $ (182 )
                   

Total assets

  $ 198,652   $ 192,368   $ (100 ) $ 543  
                   

Liabilities

                         

Interest-bearing deposits

  $ 1,647   $ 1,447   $ 126   $ (111 )

Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase Selected portfolios of securities sold under agreements to repurchase and securities loaned(1)

    119,427     116,689     85     40  

Trading account liabilities

    716     1,461     14     (94 )

Short-term borrowings

    4,495     818     81     42  

Long-term debt

    26,624     29,764     (185 )   (1,811 )
                   

Total liabilities

  $ 152,909   $ 150,179   $ 121   $ (1,934 )
                   

(1)
Reflects netting of the amounts due from securities purchased under agreements to resell and the amounts owed under securities sold under agreements to repurchase.

(2)
Includes mortgage loans held by mortgage loan securitization VIEs consolidated upon the adoption of SFAS 167 on January 1, 2010.

230


Own Debt Valuation Adjustments

        Own debt valuation adjustments are recognized on Citi's liabilities for which the fair value option has been elected using Citi's credit spreads observed in the bond market. The fair value of liabilities for which the fair value option is elected (other than non-recourse and similar liabilities) is impacted by the narrowing or widening of the Company's credit spreads. The estimated change in the fair value of these liabilities due to such changes in the Company's own credit risk (or instrument-specific credit risk) was a loss of $241 million and $560 million for the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively, and a loss of $249 million and $1,552 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Changes in fair value resulting from changes in instrument-specific credit risk were estimated by incorporating the Company's current credit spreads observable in the bond market into the relevant valuation technique used to value each liability as described above.

The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities

Selected portfolios of securities purchased under agreements to resell, securities borrowed, securities sold under agreements to repurchase, securities loaned and certain non-collateralized short-term borrowings

        The Company elected the fair value option for certain portfolios of fixed-income securities purchased under agreements to resell and fixed-income securities sold under agreements to repurchase, securities borrowed, securities loaned, and certain non-collateralized short-term borrowings on broker-dealer entities in the United States, United Kingdom and Japan. In each case, the election was made because the related interest-rate risk is managed on a portfolio basis, primarily with derivative instruments that are accounted for at fair value through earnings.

        Changes in fair value for transactions in these portfolios are recorded in Principal transactions. The related interest revenue and interest expense are measured based on the contractual rates specified in the transactions and are reported as interest revenue and expense in the Consolidated Statement of Income.

Certain loans and other credit products

        Citigroup has elected the fair value option for certain originated and purchased loans, including certain unfunded loan products, such as guarantees and letters of credit, executed by Citigroup's lending and trading businesses. None of these credit products are highly leveraged financing commitments. Significant groups of transactions include loans and unfunded loan products that are expected to be either sold or securitized in the near term, or transactions where the economic risks are hedged with derivative instruments such as purchased credit default swaps or total return swaps where the Company pays the total return on the underlying loans to a third party. Citigroup has elected the fair value option to mitigate accounting mismatches in cases where hedge accounting is complex and to achieve operational simplifications. Fair value was not elected for most lending transactions across the Company.

        The following table provides information about certain credit products carried at fair value at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012:

 
  September 30, 2013   December 31, 2012  
In millions of dollars   Trading assets   Loans   Trading assets   Loans  

Carrying amount reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheet

  $ 10,382   $ 4,031   $ 11,658   $ 3,893  

Aggregate unpaid principal balance in excess of (less than) fair value

    (751 )   (71 )   31     (132 )

Balance of non-accrual loans or loans more than 90 days past due

    97         104      

Aggregate unpaid principal balance in excess of fair value for non-accrual loans or loans more than 90 days past due

    41         85      
                   

        In addition to the amounts reported above, $2,188 million and $1,891 million of unfunded loan commitments related to certain credit products selected for fair value accounting were outstanding as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively.

        Changes in fair value of funded and unfunded credit products are classified in Principal transactions in the Company's Consolidated Statement of Income. Related interest revenue is measured based on the contractual interest rates and reported as Interest revenue on Trading account assets or loan interest depending on the balance sheet classifications of the credit products. The changes in fair value for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 due to instrument-specific credit risk totaled to a gain of $18 million and $46 million, respectively.

231


Certain investments in unallocated precious metals

        Citigroup invests in unallocated precious metals accounts (gold, silver, platinum and palladium) as part of its commodity and foreign currency trading activities or to economically hedge certain exposures from issuing structured liabilities. Under ASC 815, the investment is bifurcated into a debt host contract and a commodity forward derivative instrument. Citigroup elects the fair value option for the debt host contract, and reports the debt host contract within Trading account assets on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheet. The total carrying amount of debt host contracts across unallocated precious metals accounts at September 30, 2013 was approximately $1.5 billion and approximately $5.5 billion at December 31, 2012. The amounts are expected to fluctuate based on trading activity in future periods.

        As part of its commodity and foreign currency trading activities, Citi sells (buys) unallocated precious metals investments and executes forward purchase (sale) derivative contracts with trading counterparties. When Citi sells an unallocated precious metals investment, Citi's receivable from its depository bank is repaid and Citi derecognizes its investment in the unallocated precious metal. The forward purchase (sale) contract with the trading counterparty indexed to unallocated precious metals is accounted for as a derivative, at fair value through earnings. As of September 30, 2013, there were approximately $13.4 billion and $9.3 billion notional amount of such forward purchase and forward sale derivative contracts outstanding, respectively.

Certain investments in private equity and real estate ventures and certain equity method investments

        Citigroup invests in private equity and real estate ventures for the purpose of earning investment returns and for capital appreciation. The Company has elected the fair value option for certain of these ventures, because such investments are considered similar to many private equity or hedge fund activities in Citi's investment companies, which are reported at fair value. The fair value option brings consistency in the accounting and evaluation of these investments. All investments (debt and equity) in such private equity and real estate entities are accounted for at fair value. These investments are classified as Investments on Citigroup's Consolidated Balance Sheet.

        Citigroup also holds various non-strategic investments in leveraged buyout funds and other hedge funds for which the Company elected fair value accounting to reduce operational and accounting complexity. Since the funds account for all of their underlying assets at fair value, the impact of applying the equity method to Citigroup's investment in these funds was equivalent to fair value accounting. These investments are classified as Other assets on Citigroup's Consolidated Balance Sheet.

        Changes in the fair values of these investments are classified in Other revenue in the Company's Consolidated Statement of Income.

Certain mortgage loans (HFS)

        Citigroup has elected the fair value option for certain purchased and originated prime fixed-rate and conforming adjustable-rate first mortgage loans HFS. These loans are intended for sale or securitization and are hedged with derivative instruments. The Company has elected the fair value option to mitigate accounting mismatches in cases where hedge accounting is complex and to achieve operational simplifications.

        The following table provides information about certain mortgage loans HFS carried at fair value at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012:

In millions of dollars   September 30, 2013   December 31, 2012  

Carrying amount reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheet

  $ 3,426   $ 6,879  

Aggregate fair value in excess of unpaid principal balance

    101     390  

Balance of non-accrual loans or loans more than 90 days past due

         

Aggregate unpaid principal balance in excess of fair value for non-accrual loans or loans more than 90 days past due

         
           

        The changes in fair values of these mortgage loans are reported in Other revenue in the Company's Consolidated Statement of Income. There was no net change in fair value during the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and September 30, 2012 due to instrument-specific credit risk. Related interest income continues to be measured based on the contractual interest rates and reported as such in the Consolidated Statement of Income.

232


Certain consolidated VIEs

        The Company has elected the fair value option for all qualified assets and liabilities of certain VIEs that were consolidated upon the adoption of SFAS 167 on January 1, 2010, including certain private label mortgage securitizations, mutual fund deferred sales commissions and collateralized loan obligation VIEs. The Company elected the fair value option for these VIEs, as the Company believes this method better reflects the economic risks, since substantially all of the Company's retained interests in these entities are carried at fair value.

        With respect to the consolidated mortgage VIEs, the Company determined the fair value for the mortgage loans and long-term debt utilizing internal valuation techniques. The fair value of the long-term debt measured using internal valuation techniques is verified, where possible, to prices obtained from independent vendors. Vendors compile prices from various sources and may apply matrix pricing for similar securities when no price is observable. Security pricing associated with long-term debt that is valued using observable inputs is classified as Level 2, and debt that is valued using one or more significant unobservable inputs is classified as Level 3. The fair value of mortgage loans in each VIE is derived from the security pricing. When substantially all of the long-term debt of a VIE is valued using Level 2 inputs, the corresponding mortgage loans are classified as Level 2. Otherwise, the mortgage loans of a VIE are classified as Level 3.

        With respect to the consolidated mortgage VIEs for which the fair value option was elected, the mortgage loans are classified as Loans on Citigroup's Consolidated Balance Sheet. The changes in fair value of the loans are reported as Other revenue in the Company's Consolidated Statement of Income. Related interest revenue is measured based on the contractual interest rates and reported as Interest revenue in the Company's Consolidated Statement of Income. Information about these mortgage loans is included in the table below. The change in fair value of these loans due to instrument-specific credit risk was a loss of $115 and $78 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

        The debt issued by these consolidated VIEs is classified as long-term debt on Citigroup's Consolidated Balance Sheet. The changes in fair value for the majority of these liabilities are reported in Other revenue in the Company's Consolidated Statement of Income. Related interest expense is measured based on the contractual interest rates and reported as such in the Consolidated Statement of Income. The aggregate unpaid principal balance of long-term debt of these consolidated VIEs exceeded the aggregate fair value by $234 million and $869 million as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively.

        The following table provides information about Corporate and Consumer loans of consolidated VIEs carried at fair value at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012:

 
  September 30, 2013   December 31, 2012  
In millions of dollars   Corporate loans   Consumer loans   Corporate loans   Consumer loans  

Carrying amount reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheet

  $ 15   $ 951   $ 157   $ 1,191  

Aggregate unpaid principal balance in excess of fair value

    10     213     347     293  

Balance of non-accrual loans or loans more than 90 days past due

        128     34     123  

Aggregate unpaid principal balance in excess of fair value for non-accrual loans or loans more than 90 days past due

        64     36     111  
                   

Certain structured liabilities

        The Company has elected the fair value option for certain structured liabilities whose performance is linked to structured interest rates, inflation, currency, equity, referenced credit or commodity risks (structured liabilities). The Company elected the fair value option, because these exposures are considered to be trading-related positions and, therefore, are managed on a fair value basis. These positions will continue to be classified as debt, deposits or derivatives (Trading account liabilities) on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheet according to their legal form.

        The following table provides information about the carrying value of structured notes, disaggregated by type of embedded derivative instrument at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012:

In billions of dollars   September 30, 2013   December 31, 2012  

Interest rate linked

  $ 9.9   $ 10.5  

Foreign exchange linked

    0.6     0.9  

Equity linked

    6.8     7.3  

Commodity linked

    1.6     1.0  

Credit linked

    3.5     4.7  
           

Total

  $ 22.4   $ 24.4  
           

233


        The change in fair value for these structured liabilities is reported in Principal transactions in the Company's Consolidated Statement of Income. Changes in fair value for these structured liabilities include an economic component for accrued interest, which is included in the change in fair value reported in Principal transactions.

Certain non-structured liabilities

        The Company has elected the fair value option for certain non-structured liabilities with fixed and floating interest rates (non-structured liabilities). The Company has elected the fair value option where the interest-rate risk of such liabilities is economically hedged with derivative contracts or the proceeds are used to purchase financial assets that will also be accounted for at fair value through earnings. The election has been made to mitigate accounting mismatches and to achieve operational simplifications. These positions are reported in Short-term borrowings and Long-term debt on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheet. The change in fair value for these non-structured liabilities is reported in Principal transactions in the Company's Consolidated Statement of Income. Related interest expense on non-structured liabilities is measured based on the contractual interest rates and reported as such in the Consolidated Statement of Income.

        The following table provides information about long-term debt carried at fair value, excluding debt issued by consolidated VIEs, at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012:

In millions of dollars   September 30, 2013   December 31, 2012  

Carrying amount reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheet

  $ 25,663   $ 28,434  

Aggregate unpaid principal balance in excess of (less than) fair value

    802     (804 )
           

        The following table provides information about short-term borrowings carried at fair value at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012:

In millions of dollars   September 30, 2013   December 31, 2012  

Carrying amount reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheet

  $ 4,495   $ 818  

Aggregate unpaid principal balance in excess of (less than) fair value

    82     (232 )
           

234


23.   GUARANTEES AND COMMITMENTS

        Citi provides a variety of guarantees and indemnifications to its customers to enhance their credit standing and enable them to complete a wide variety of business transactions. For certain contracts meeting the definition of a guarantee, the guarantor must recognize, at inception, a liability for the fair value of the obligation undertaken in issuing the guarantee.

        In addition, the guarantor must disclose the maximum potential amount of future payments that the guarantor could be required to make under the guarantee, if there were a total default by the guaranteed parties. The determination of the maximum potential future payments is based on the notional amount of the guarantees without consideration of possible recoveries under recourse provisions or from collateral held or pledged. As such, Citi believes such amounts bear no relationship to the anticipated losses, if any, on these guarantees.

        The following tables present information about Citi's guarantees at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 (for a discussion of the decrease in the carrying value period-over-period, see "Carrying Value—Guarantees and Indemnifications" below):

 
  Maximum potential amount of future payments    
 
In billions of dollars at September 30, 2013
except carrying value in millions
  Expire within
1 year
  Expire after
1 year
  Total amount
outstanding
  Carrying value
(in millions of dollars)
 

Financial standby letters of credit

  $ 27.4   $ 72.8   $ 100.2   $ 494.7  

Performance guarantees

    7.4     4.7     12.1     39.5  

Derivative instruments considered to be guarantees

    5.0     57.6     62.6     635.3  

Loans sold with recourse

        0.3     0.3     24.0  

Securities lending indemnifications(1)

    78.7         78.7      

Credit card merchant processing(1)

    83.3         83.3      

Custody indemnifications and other

        34.2     34.2      
                   

Total

  $ 201.8   $ 169.6   $ 371.4   $ 1,193.5  
                   

 

 
  Maximum potential amount of future payments    
 
In billions of dollars at December 31, 2012
except carrying value in millions
  Expire within
1 year
  Expire after
1 year
  Total amount
outstanding
  Carrying value
(in millions of dollars)
 

Financial standby letters of credit

  $ 22.3   $ 79.8   $ 102.1   $ 432.8  

Performance guarantees

    7.3     4.7     12.0     41.6  

Derivative instruments considered to be guarantees

    11.2     45.5     56.7     2,648.7  

Loans sold with recourse

        0.5     0.5     87.0  

Securities lending indemnifications(1)

    80.4         80.4      

Credit card merchant processing(1)

    79.7         79.7      

Custody indemnifications and other

        30.2     30.2      
                   

Total

  $ 200.9   $ 160.7   $ 361.6   $ 3,210.1  
                   

(1)
The carrying values of securities lending indemnifications and credit card merchant processing were not material for either period presented, as Citi has determined that the amount and probability of potential liabilities arising from these guarantees were not significant.

235


Financial standby letters of credit

        Citi issues standby letters of credit which substitute its own credit for that of the borrower. If a letter of credit is drawn down, the borrower is obligated to repay Citi. Standby letters of credit protect a third party from defaults on contractual obligations. Financial standby letters of credit include: (i) guarantees of payment of insurance premiums and reinsurance risks that support industrial revenue bond underwriting; (ii) settlement of payment obligations to clearing houses, including futures and over-the-counter derivatives clearing (see further discussion below); (iii) support options and purchases of securities in lieu of escrow deposit accounts; and (iv) letters of credit that backstop loans, credit facilities, promissory notes and trade acceptances.

Futures and over-the-counter derivatives clearing

        Citi provides clearing services for clients executing exchange traded futures and over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives contracts with central counterparties (CCPs). Based on all relevant facts and circumstances, Citi has concluded that it acts as an agent for accounting purposes in its role as clearing member for these client transactions. As such, Citi does not reflect the underlying exchange traded futures or OTC derivatives contracts in its Consolidated Financial Statements. See Note 20 for a discussion of Citi's derivatives activities that are reflected in its Consolidated Financial Statements.

        As a clearing member, Citi collects and remits cash and securities collateral (margin) between its clients and the respective CCP. There are two types of margin: initial margin and variation margin. Where Citi obtains benefits from or controls cash initial margin (e.g., retains an interest spread), cash initial margin collected from clients and remitted to the CCP is reflected within Brokerage Payables (payables to customers) and Brokerage Receivables (receivables from brokers, dealers and clearing organizations), respectively. However, for OTC derivatives contracts where Citi has contractually agreed with the client that (a) Citi will pass through to the client all interest paid by the CCP on cash initial margin; (b) Citi will not utilize its right as clearing member to transform cash margin into other assets; and (c) Citi does not guarantee and is not liable to the client for the performance of the CCP, cash initial margin collected from clients and remitted to the CCP is not reflected on Citi's Consolidated Balance Sheet. The total amount of cash initial margin collected and remitted in this manner as of September 30, 2013 was approximately $1.0 billion.

        Variation margin due from clients to the respective CCP, or from the CCP to clients, reflects changes in the value of the client's derivatives contracts for each trading day. As a clearing member, Citi is exposed to the risk of non-performance by clients (e.g., failure of a client to post variation margin to the CCP for negative changes in the value of the client's derivatives contracts). In the event of non-performance by a client, Citi would move to close out the client's positions. The CCP would typically utilize initial margin posted by the client and held by the CCP, with any remaining shortfalls required to be paid by Citi as clearing member. Citi generally holds incremental cash or securities margin posted by the client, which would typically be expected to be sufficient to mitigate Citi's credit risk in the event the client fails to perform.

        As required by ASC 860-30-25-5, securities collateral posted by clients is not recognized on Citi's Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Performance guarantees

        Performance guarantees and letters of credit are issued to guarantee a customer's tender bid on a construction or systems-installation project or to guarantee completion of such projects in accordance with contract terms. They are also issued to support a customer's obligation to supply specified products, commodities, or maintenance or warranty services to a third party.

Derivative instruments considered to be guarantees

        Derivatives are financial instruments whose cash flows are based on a notional amount and an underlying instrument, where there is little or no initial investment, and whose terms require or permit net settlement. For a discussion of Citi's derivatives activities, see Note 20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

        The derivative instruments considered to be guarantees, which are presented in the tables above, include only those instruments that require Citi to make payments to the counterparty based on changes in an underlying instrument that is related to an asset, a liability, or an equity security held by the guaranteed party. More specifically, derivative instruments considered to be guarantees include certain over-the-counter written put options where the counterparty is not a bank, hedge fund or broker-dealer (such counterparties are considered to be dealers in these markets and may, therefore, not hold the underlying instruments). Credit derivatives sold by Citi are excluded from the tables above as they are disclosed separately in Note 20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. In instances where Citi's maximum potential future payment is unlimited, the notional amount of the contract is disclosed.

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Loans sold with recourse

        Loans sold with recourse represent Citi's obligations to reimburse the buyers for loan losses under certain circumstances. Recourse refers to the clause in a sales agreement under which a lender will fully reimburse the buyer/investor for any losses resulting from the purchased loans. This may be accomplished by the seller taking back any loans that become delinquent.

        In addition to the amounts shown in the tables above, Citi has recorded a repurchase reserve for its potential repurchases or make-whole liability regarding residential mortgage representation and warranty claims, which are primarily related to whole loan sales to the government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) as well as loans sold to private investors. The repurchase reserve was $345 million and $1,565 million at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively, and these amounts are included in Other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

        On September 25, 2013, Citi reached an agreement with Freddie Mac to resolve potential future repurchase claims for breaches of representations and warranties on 3.7 million residential first mortgage loans sold to Freddie Mac that were originated between 2000 and 2012. Citi paid Freddie Mac $395 million under the agreement, all of which was covered by Citi's existing mortgage repurchase reserves as of June 30, 2013.

        The repurchase reserve estimation process for potential residential mortgage whole loan representation and warranty claims is based on various assumptions which are primarily based on Citi's historical repurchase activity with the GSEs. The assumptions used to calculate this repurchase reserve include numerous estimates and judgments, including with respect to certain future events, and thus entail inherent uncertainty. As of September 30, 2013, Citi estimates that the range of reasonably possible loss for whole loan sale representation and warranty claims in excess of amounts accrued could be up to $0.2 billion. This estimate was derived by modifying the key assumptions discussed above to reflect management's judgment regarding reasonably possible adverse changes to those assumptions. Citi's estimate of reasonably possible loss is based on currently available information, significant judgment and numerous assumptions that are subject to change.

        Citi is also exposed to potential representation and warranty claims as a result of mortgage loans sold through private-label securitizations in its Consumer business in CitiMortgage as well as its legacy Securities and Banking business. Beginning in the first quarter of 2013, Citi considers private-label securitization representation and warranty claims as part of its litigation accrual analysis and not as part of its repurchase reserve.

Securities lending indemnifications

        Owners of securities frequently lend those securities for a fee to other parties who may sell them short or deliver them to another party to satisfy some other obligation. Banks may administer such securities lending programs for their clients. Securities lending indemnifications are issued by the bank to guarantee that a securities lending customer will be made whole in the event that the security borrower does not return the security subject to the lending agreement and collateral held is insufficient to cover the market value of the security.

Credit card merchant processing

        Credit card merchant processing guarantees represent the Company's indirect obligations in connection with: (i) providing transaction processing services to various merchants with respect to its private-label cards; and (ii) potential liability for bank card transaction processing services. The nature of the liability in either case arises as a result of a billing dispute between a merchant and a cardholder that is ultimately resolved in the cardholder's favor. The merchant is liable to refund the amount to the cardholder. In general, if the credit card processing company is unable to collect this amount from the merchant, the credit card processing company bears the loss for the amount of the credit or refund paid to the cardholder.

        With regard to (i) above, Citi has the primary contingent liability with respect to its portfolio of private-label merchants. The risk of loss is mitigated as the cash flows between Citi and the merchant are settled on a net basis and Citi has the right to offset any payments with cash flows otherwise due to the merchant. To further mitigate this risk, Citi may delay settlement, require a merchant to make an escrow deposit, include event triggers to provide Citi with more financial and operational control in the event of the financial deterioration of the merchant, or require various credit enhancements (including letters of credit and bank guarantees). In the unlikely event that a private-label merchant is unable to deliver products, services or a refund to its private-label cardholders, Citi is contingently liable to credit or refund cardholders.

        With regard to (ii) above, Citi has a potential liability for bank card transactions where Citi provides the transaction processing services as well as those where a third party provides the services and Citi acts as a secondary guarantor, should that processor fail to perform.

        Citi's maximum potential contingent liability related to both bank card and private-label merchant processing services is estimated to be the total volume of credit card transactions that meet the requirements to be valid charge-back transactions at any given time. At September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, this maximum potential exposure was estimated to be $83 billion and $80 billion, respectively.

        However, Citi believes that the maximum exposure is not representative of the actual potential loss exposure based on its historical experience. This contingent liability is unlikely to arise, as most products and services are delivered when purchased and amounts are refunded when items are returned to merchants. Citi assesses the probability and amount of its contingent liability related to merchant processing based on the financial strength of the primary guarantor, the extent and nature of unresolved charge-backs and its historical loss experience. At September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the losses incurred and the carrying amounts of Citi's contingent obligations related to merchant processing activities were immaterial.

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Custody indemnifications

        Custody indemnifications are issued to guarantee that custody clients will be made whole in the event that a third party subcustodian or depository institution fails to safeguard clients' assets.

Other guarantees and indemnifications

Credit Card Protection Programs

        Citi, through its credit card businesses, provides various cardholder protection programs on several of its card products, including programs that provide insurance coverage for rental cars, coverage for certain losses associated with purchased products, price protection for certain purchases and protection for lost luggage. These guarantees are not included in the table, since the total outstanding amount of the guarantees and Citi's maximum exposure to loss cannot be quantified. The protection is limited to certain types of purchases and losses, and it is not possible to quantify the purchases that would qualify for these benefits at any given time. Citi assesses the probability and amount of its potential liability related to these programs based on the extent and nature of its historical loss experience. At September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the actual and estimated losses incurred and the carrying value of Citi's obligations related to these programs were immaterial.

Other Representation and Warranty Indemnifications

        In the normal course of business, Citi provides standard representations and warranties to counterparties in contracts in connection with numerous transactions and also provides indemnifications, including indemnifications that protect the counterparties to the contracts in the event that additional taxes are owed due either to a change in the tax law or an adverse interpretation of the tax law. Counterparties to these transactions provide Citi with comparable indemnifications. While such representations, warranties and indemnifications are essential components of many contractual relationships, they do not represent the underlying business purpose for the transactions. The indemnification clauses are often standard contractual terms related to Citi's own performance under the terms of a contract and are entered into in the normal course of business based on an assessment that the risk of loss is remote. Often these clauses are intended to ensure that terms of a contract are met at inception. No compensation is received for these standard representations and warranties, and it is not possible to determine their fair value because they rarely, if ever, result in a payment. In many cases, there are no stated or notional amounts included in the indemnification clauses, and the contingencies potentially triggering the obligation to indemnify have not occurred and are not expected to occur. As a result, these indemnifications are not included in the tables above.

Value-Transfer Networks

        Citi is a member of, or shareholder in, hundreds of value-transfer networks (VTNs) (payment, clearing and settlement systems as well as exchanges) around the world. As a condition of membership, many of these VTNs require that members stand ready to pay a pro rata share of the losses incurred by the organization due to another member's default on its obligations. Citi's potential obligations may be limited to its membership interests in the VTNs, contributions to the VTN's funds, or, in limited cases, the obligation may be unlimited. The maximum exposure cannot be estimated as this would require an assessment of future claims that have not yet occurred. Citi believes the risk of loss is remote given historical experience with the VTNs. Accordingly, Citi's participation in VTNs is not reported in the guarantees tables above, and there are no amounts reflected on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2013 or December 31, 2012 for potential obligations that could arise from Citi's involvement with VTN associations.

Long-Term Care Insurance Indemnification

        In the sale of an insurance subsidiary, the Company provided an indemnification to an insurance company for policyholder claims and other liabilities relating to a book of long-term care (LTC) business (for the entire term of the LTC policies) that is fully reinsured by another insurance company. The reinsurer has funded two trusts with securities whose fair value (approximately $5.3 billion at September 30, 2013, compared to $4.9 billion at December 31, 2012) is designed to cover the insurance company's statutory liabilities for the LTC policies. The assets in these trusts are evaluated and adjusted periodically to ensure that the fair value of the assets continues to cover the estimated statutory liabilities related to the LTC policies, as those statutory liabilities change over time.

        If the reinsurer fails to perform under the reinsurance agreement for any reason, including insolvency, and the assets in the two trusts are insufficient or unavailable to the ceding insurance company, then Citi must indemnify the ceding insurance company for any losses actually incurred in connection with the LTC policies. Since both events would have to occur before Citi would become responsible for any payment to the ceding insurance company pursuant to its indemnification obligation, and the likelihood of such events occurring is currently not probable, there is no liability reflected in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2013 related to this indemnification. Citi continues to closely monitor its potential exposure under this indemnification obligation.

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Carrying Value—Guarantees and Indemnifications

        At September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the total carrying amounts of the liabilities related to the guarantees and indemnifications included in the tables above amounted to approximately $1.2 billion and $3.2 billion, respectively. The decrease in the carrying value is primarily related to certain derivative instruments where Citi obtained additional contract level details during the second quarter of 2013, resulting in some of these contracts no longer being considered guarantees for disclosure purposes by Citi. Derivative instruments are included at fair value in either Trading account liabilities or Other liabilities, depending upon whether the derivative was entered into for trading or non-trading purposes. The carrying value of financial and performance guarantees is included in Other liabilities. For loans sold with recourse, the carrying value of the liability is included in Other liabilities.

Collateral

        Cash collateral available to Citi to reimburse losses realized under these guarantees and indemnifications amounted to $50 billion and $39 billion at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively. Securities and other marketable assets held as collateral amounted to $39 billion and $51 billion at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively. The majority of collateral is held to reimburse losses realized under securities lending indemnifications. Additionally, letters of credit in favor of Citi held as collateral amounted to $5.5 billion and $3.4 billion at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively. Other property may also be available to Citi to cover losses under certain guarantees and indemnifications; however, the value of such property has not been determined.

Performance risk

        Citi evaluates the performance risk of its guarantees based on the assigned referenced counterparty internal or external ratings. Where external ratings are used, investment-grade ratings are considered to be Baa/BBB and above, while anything below is considered non-investment grade. Citi's internal ratings are in line with the related external rating system. On certain underlying referenced credits or entities, ratings are not available. Such referenced credits are included in the "not rated" category. The maximum potential amount of the future payments related to guarantees and credit derivatives sold is determined to be the notional amount of these contracts, which is the par amount of the assets guaranteed.

        Presented in the tables below are the maximum potential amounts of future payments that are classified based upon internal and external credit ratings as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012. As previously mentioned, the determination of the maximum potential future payments is based on the notional amount of the guarantees without consideration of possible recoveries under recourse provisions or from collateral held or pledged. As such, Citi believes such amounts bear no relationship to the anticipated losses, if any, on these guarantees.

 
  Maximum potential amount of future payments  
In billions of dollars as of September 30, 2013   Investment
grade
  Non-investment
grade
  Not
rated
  Total  

Financial standby letters of credit

  $ 71.2   $ 19.5   $ 9.5   $ 100.2  

Performance guarantees

    7.1     3.5     1.5     12.1  

Derivative instruments deemed to be guarantees

            62.6     62.6  

Loans sold with recourse

            0.3     0.3  

Securities lending indemnifications

            78.7     78.7  

Credit card merchant processing

            83.3     83.3  

Custody indemnifications and other

    34.1     0.1         34.2  
                   

Total

  $ 112.4   $ 23.1   $ 235.9   $ 371.4  
                   

 

 
  Maximum potential amount of future payments  
In billions of dollars as of December 31, 2012   Investment
grade
  Non-investment
grade
  Not
rated
  Total  

Financial standby letters of credit

  $ 80.9   $ 11.0   $ 10.2   $ 102.1  

Performance guarantees

    7.3     3.0     1.7     12.0  

Derivative instruments deemed to be guarantees

            56.7     56.7  

Loans sold with recourse

            0.5     0.5  

Securities lending indemnifications

            80.4     80.4  

Credit card merchant processing

            79.7     79.7  

Custody indemnifications and other

    30.1     0.1         30.2  
                   

Total

  $ 118.3   $ 14.1   $ 229.2   $ 361.6  
                   

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Credit Commitments and Lines of Credit

        The table below summarizes Citigroup's credit commitments as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012:

In millions of dollars   U.S.   Outside of
U.S.
  September 30,
2013
  December 31,
2012
 

Commercial and similar letters of credit

  $ 1,554   $ 6,288   $ 7,842   $ 7,311  

One- to four-family residential mortgages

    2,158     3,236     5,394     3,893  

Revolving open-end loans secured by one- to four-family residential properties

    14,079     3,313     17,392     18,176  

Commercial real estate, construction and land development

    2,098     719     2,817     3,496  

Credit card lines

    509,623     140,414     650,037     620,700  

Commercial and other consumer loan commitments

    141,610     93,136     234,746     228,492  

Other commitments and contingencies

    1,385     1,507     2,892     2,259  
                   

Total

  $ 672,507   $ 248,613   $ 921,120   $ 884,327  
                   

        The majority of unused commitments are contingent upon customers' maintaining specific credit standards. Commercial commitments generally have floating interest rates and fixed expiration dates and may require payment of fees. Such fees (net of certain direct costs) are deferred and, upon exercise of the commitment, amortized over the life of the loan or, if exercise is deemed remote, amortized over the commitment period.

        The allowance for credit losses on letters of credit and unfunded lending commitments, included in Other Liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, was $1.3 billion and $1.1 billion at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively.

Commercial and similar letters of credit

        A commercial letter of credit is an instrument by which Citi substitutes its credit for that of a customer to enable the customer to finance the purchase of goods or to incur other commitments. Citi issues a letter on behalf of its client to a supplier and agrees to pay the supplier upon presentation of documentary evidence that the supplier has performed in accordance with the terms of the letter of credit. When a letter of credit is drawn, the customer is then required to reimburse Citi.

One- to four-family residential mortgages

        A one- to four-family residential mortgage commitment is a written confirmation from Citi to a buyer of a property that the bank will advance the specified sums enabling the buyer to complete the purchase.

Revolving open-end loans secured by one- to four-family residential properties

        Revolving open-end loans secured by one- to four-family residential properties are essentially home equity lines of credit. A home equity line of credit is a loan secured by a primary residence or second home to the extent of the excess of fair market value over the debt outstanding for the first mortgage.

Commercial real estate, construction and land development

        Commercial real estate, construction and land development include unused portions of commitments to extend credit for the purpose of financing commercial and multifamily residential properties as well as land development projects.

        Both secured-by-real-estate and unsecured commitments are included in this line, as well as undistributed loan proceeds, where there is an obligation to advance for construction progress payments. However, this line only includes those extensions of credit that, once funded, will be classified as Total loans, net on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Credit card lines

        Citi provides credit to customers by issuing credit cards. The credit card lines are unconditionally cancellable by Citi.

Commercial and other consumer loan commitments

        Commercial and other consumer loan commitments include overdraft and liquidity facilities, as well as commercial commitments to make or purchase loans, to purchase third-party receivables, to provide note issuance or revolving underwriting facilities and to invest in the form of equity. Amounts include $60 billion and $53 billion with an original maturity of less than one year at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively.

        In addition, included in this line item are highly leveraged financing commitments, which are agreements that provide funding to a borrower with higher levels of debt (measured by the ratio of debt capital to equity capital of the borrower) than is generally considered normal for other companies. This type of financing is commonly employed in corporate acquisitions, management buy-outs and similar transactions.

Other commitments and contingencies

        Other commitments and contingencies include all other transactions related to commitments and contingencies not reported on the lines above.

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24.   CONTINGENCIES

        The following information supplements and amends, as applicable, the disclosures in Note 28 to the Consolidated Financial Statements of Citigroup's 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K, Note 23 to the Consolidated Financial Statements of Citigroup's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2013 and Note 24 to the Consolidated Financial Statements of Citigroup's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2013. For purposes of this Note, Citigroup, its affiliates and subsidiaries, and current and former officers, directors and employees, are sometimes collectively referred to as Citigroup and Related Parties.

        In accordance with ASC 450 (formerly SFAS 5), Citigroup establishes accruals for litigation and regulatory matters, including matters disclosed herein, when Citigroup believes it is probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Once established, accruals are adjusted from time to time, as appropriate, in light of additional information. The amount of loss ultimately incurred in relation to matters for which an accrual has been established may be substantially higher or lower than the amounts accrued for those matters.

        If Citigroup has not accrued for a matter because the matter does not meet the criteria for accrual (as set forth above), or Citigroup believes an exposure to loss exists in excess of the amount accrued for a particular matter, in each case assuming a material loss is reasonably possible, Citigroup discloses the matter. In addition, for such matters, Citigroup discloses an estimate of the aggregate reasonably possible loss or range of loss in excess of the amounts accrued for those matters as to which an estimate can be made. At September 30, 2013, Citigroup's estimate was materially unchanged from its estimate of approximately $5 billion at December 31, 2012, as more fully described in Note 28 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

        As available information changes, the matters for which Citigroup is able to estimate, and the estimates themselves, will change. In addition, while many estimates presented in financial statements and other financial disclosure involve significant judgment and may be subject to significant uncertainty, estimates of the range of reasonably possible loss arising from litigation and regulatory proceedings are subject to particular uncertainties. For example, at the time of making an estimate, Citigroup may have only preliminary, incomplete or inaccurate information about the facts underlying the claim; its assumptions about the future rulings of the court or other tribunal on significant issues, or the behavior and incentives of adverse parties or regulators, may prove to be wrong; and the outcomes it is attempting to predict are often not amenable to the use of statistical or other quantitative analytical tools. In addition, from time to time an outcome may occur that Citigroup had not accounted for in its estimates because it had deemed such an outcome to be remote. For all these reasons, the amount of loss in excess of accruals ultimately incurred for the matters as to which an estimate has been made could be substantially higher or lower than the range of loss included in the estimate.

        Subject to the foregoing, it is the opinion of Citigroup's management, based on current knowledge and after taking into account its current legal accruals, that the eventual outcome of all matters described in this Note would not be likely to have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial condition of Citigroup. Nonetheless, given the substantial or indeterminate amounts sought in certain of these matters, and the inherent unpredictability of such matters, an adverse outcome in certain of these matters could, from time to time, have a material adverse effect on Citigroup's consolidated results of operations or cash flows in particular quarterly or annual periods.

        For further information on ASC 450 and Citigroup's accounting and disclosure framework for litigation and regulatory matters, see Note 28 to the Consolidated Financial Statements of Citigroup's 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K.


Credit Crisis-Related Litigation and Other Matters

Mortgage-Related Litigation and Other Matters

        Securities Actions:    Three objectors have filed notices of appeal from the August 1, 2013 order of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York finally approving the class action settlement in IN RE CITIGROUP INC. SECURITIES LITIGATION. Additional information relating to this action is publicly available in court filings under the consolidated lead docket number 07 Civ. 9901 (S.D.N.Y.) (Stein, J.), and 13-3531, 13-3539, and 13-3710 (2d Cir.).

        On August 20, 2013, the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York entered an order finally approving the class action settlement in IN RE CITIGROUP INC. BOND LITIGATION. Additional information relating to this action is publicly available in court filings under the consolidated lead docket number 08 Civ. 9522 (S.D.N.Y.) (Stein, J.).

        On September 27, 2013, plaintiffs in COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA—PUBLIC SCHOOL EMPLOYEES' RETIREMENT SYSTEM, ET AL. v. CITIGROUP INC., ET AL. filed a voluntary discontinuance, dismissing with prejudice all claims, pursuant to a settlement agreement reached by the parties. Additional information relating to this action is publicly available in court filings under Case No. 110105028 (Pa. Commw. Ct.) (Sheppard, J.).

        Regulatory Actions:    Citigroup continues to respond to subpoenas and inquiries from federal and state governmental agencies, including the Civil Division of the Department of Justice, requesting information related to, among other things, Citigroup's issuing, sponsoring, or underwriting of MBS.

        Mortgage-Backed Securities and CDO Investor Actions and Repurchase Claims:    On June 5, 2013, the District Court for the Fourth Judicial District of the State of Minnesota issued an order compelling arbitration and staying the proceedings in MONEYGRAM PAYMENT SYSTEMS, INC. v. CITIGROUP INC. ET AL. Additional information relating to this action is publicly available in court filings under the docket number 27 Civ. 11-21348 (Minn. Dist. Ct.) (Sheehy, J.).

        On September 27, 2013, the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York issued an opinion in FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORP. AS RECEIVER FOR COLONIAL BANK v. CHASE MORTGAGE FINANCE CORP., ET AL. denying defendants' motion to dismiss. Additional information relating to this action is publicly available in court filings under the docket number 12 Civ. 6166 (S.D.N.Y.) (Stanton, J.).

241


        On September 30, 2013, the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts entered an order in FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK OF BOSTON v. ALLY FINANCIAL, INC., ET AL. denying in part and granting in part defendants' motion to dismiss. Additional information relating to this action is publicly available in court filings under the docket number 11 Civ. 10952 (D. Mass.) (O'Toole, J.).

        On October 1, 2013, U.S. Bank, N.A., in its capacity as trustee, filed a complaint against Citigroup Global Markets Realty Corp., seeking to enforce contractual repurchase claims in connection with mortgage loans that were securitized into CMLTI 2007-AR7. Additional information relating to this action is publicly available in court filings under the docket number 13 Civ. 6989 (S.D.N.Y.) (Daniels, J.).

        The aggregate original purchase amount of the purchases at issue in the pending RMBS and CDO investor suits is approximately $8 billion, and the aggregate original purchase amount of the purchases covered by tolling agreements with RMBS and CDO investors threatening litigation is approximately $6 billion.

Abu Dhabi Investment Authority

        On August 20, 2013, Abu Dhabi Investment Authority (ADIA) commenced an arbitration against Citigroup before the International Centre for Dispute Resolution, alleging common law claims in connection with its $7.5 billion investment in Citigroup in December 2007. The arbitration has been stayed until November 18, 2013, pursuant to a stipulation of the parties. On August 28, 2013, Citigroup filed a complaint against ADIA in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York seeking to enjoin the arbitration proceeding on the ground that it is barred by the October 14, 2011 final award in favor of Citigroup in ADIA's prior arbitration. Additional information relating to this action is publicly available in court filings under the docket number 13 Civ. 6073 (S.D.N.Y.) (Castel, J.).

KIKOs

        Prior to the devaluation of the Korean won in 2008, several local banks in Korea, including a Citigroup subsidiary (CKI), entered into foreign exchange derivative transactions with small and medium-size export businesses (SMEs) to enable the SMEs to hedge their currency risk. The derivatives had "knock-in, knock-out" features. Following the devaluation of the won, many of these SMEs incurred significant losses on the derivative transactions and filed civil lawsuits against the banks, including CKI. The claims generally allege that the products were not suitable and that the risk disclosure was inadequate.

        As of September 30, 2013, there were 99 civil lawsuits filed by SMEs against CKI. To date, 84 decisions have been rendered at the district court level, and CKI has prevailed in 64 of those decisions. In the other 20 decisions, plaintiffs were awarded only a portion of the damages sought. The damage awards total in the aggregate approximately $30 million. CKI is appealing the 20 adverse decisions. A significant number of plaintiffs that had decisions rendered against them are also filing appeals, including plaintiffs that were awarded less than all of the damages they sought.

        Of the 84 cases decided at the district court level, 62 have been appealed to the high court, including the 20 in which an adverse decision was rendered against CKI in the district court. Of the 23 appeals decided at high court level, CKI prevailed in 14 cases, and in the other nine plaintiffs were awarded partial damages, which increased the aggregate damages awarded against CKI by a further $9.6 million. CKI is appealing eight of the adverse decisions to the Korean Supreme Court, and many plaintiffs have also filed appeals to the Supreme Court.

Terra Firma Litigation

        A retrial of the claims asserted in TERRA FIRMA INVESTMENTS (GP) 2 LIMITED, ET AL. v. CITIGROUP INC., ET AL. is scheduled to begin on July 7, 2014. Additional information relating to this action is publicly available in court filings under the docket numbers 09 Civ. 10459 (S.D.N.Y.) (Rakoff, J.) and 11-0126-cv (2d Cir.).

Tribune Company Bankruptcy

        On September 23, 2013, the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York entered an order dismissing the Tribune creditors' state law constructive fraudulent conveyance actions. A final judgment was entered on September 27, 2013. On September 30, 2013, the Tribune creditors filed a notice of appeal in the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. On October 8, 2013, the litigation trustee informed the court that it intends to proceed with its fraudulent conveyance claims. Additional information relating to these actions is publicly available in court filings under the docket numbers 08-13141 (Bankr. D. Del.) (Carey, J.), 11 MD 02296 (S.D.N.Y.) (Sullivan, J.), and 12 MC 2296 (S.D.N.Y.) (Sullivan, J.).

Credit Default Swaps Matters

        On October 16, 2013, the U.S. Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation centralized numerous putative class actions filed by various entities against Citigroup, Citigroup Global Markets Inc. and Citibank, N.A., among other defendants, alleging anticompetitive conduct in the credit default swaps industry and ordered that those actions pending in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois be transferred to the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York for coordinated or consolidated pretrial proceedings before Judge Denise Cote. Additional information relating to these actions is publicly available in court filings under the docket numbers 1:13-cv-03357 (N.D. Ill.), 1:13-cv-04979 (N.D. Ill.), 1:13-cv-05413 (N.D. Ill.), 1:13-cv-05417 (N.D. Ill.), 1:13-cv-05725 (N.D. Ill.), 13-cv-4928 (S.D.N.Y.) and 13-cv-6116 (S.D.N.Y.).

Foreign Exchange Matters

        Government agencies in the U.S. and other jurisdictions are conducting investigations or making inquiries regarding trading on the foreign exchange markets. Citigroup has received requests for information and is cooperating with the investigations and inquiries and responding to the requests.

Interbank Offered Rates—Related Litigation and Other Matters

        Antitrust and Other Litigation:    On August 23, 2013, Judge Buchwald issued a decision (i) resolving several motions filed after her March 29, 2013 order, which dismissed many of the claims asserted by plaintiffs in the multi-district litigation captioned IN RE LIBOR-BASED FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS ANTITRUST LITIGATION (the LIBOR MDL), appearing under docket number 1:11-md-2262 (S.D.N.Y.), and (ii) continuing the stay of all actions that were consolidated into the LIBOR MDL after June 29, 2012. Pursuant to the August 23, 2013 decision, on September 10, 2013, consolidated second amended complaints were filed by interim lead plaintiffs for the putative classes of (i) over-the-counter purchasers of derivative instruments tied to USD LIBOR and (ii) purchasers of exchange-traded derivative instruments tied to USD LIBOR. Each of these putative classes

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alleges that the panel bank defendants conspired to suppress USD LIBOR. The over-the-counter purchasers assert claims under the Sherman Act and for unjust enrichment and breach of the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing. The purchasers of exchange-traded derivative instruments assert claims under the Commodity Exchange Act and the Sherman Act and for unjust enrichment.

        Three individual actions were filed in federal courts in Iowa and Kansas in August and September 2013 against Citigroup and Citibank, N.A., as well as other USD LIBOR panel banks, by various investment companies and federal credit unions. These actions assert federal and state antitrust claims, as well as claims under state law theories, and seek compensatory damages, various forms of enhanced damages, attorneys' fees, and injunctive relief. Additional information concerning these actions is publicly available in court filings under docket numbers 4:13-cv-334 (S.D. Iowa) (Pratt. J.), 4:13-cv-335 (S.D. Iowa) (Rose, J.), and 2:13-cv-2497 (D. Kan.) (Vratil, J.).

        On October 31, 2013, the Federal National Mortgage Association filed an individual action against Citigroup and Citibank, N.A., as well as other USD LIBOR panel banks and the British Bankers Association, asserting various state law claims, including breach of contract, breach of the implied covenant of good faith, and fraud. The complaint seeks compensatory damages, consequential damages, punitive damages, and attorneys' fees. Additional information concerning this action is publicly available in court filings under docket number 1:13-cv-7720 (S.D.N.Y.).

Interchange Fees Litigation

        The United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York held a hearing on September 12, 2013 to consider whether the class settlements should be finally approved. Numerous merchants, including large national merchants, have requested exclusion (opted out) from the class settlements, and some of those opting out have filed complaints against Visa, MasterCard, and in some instances one or more issuing banks. Two of these suits, 7-ELEVEN, INC., ET AL. v. VISA INC., ET AL., and SPEEDY STOP FOOD STORES, LLC, ET AL. v. VISA INC., ET AL., name Citigroup as a defendant. Additional information concerning these actions is publicly available in court filings under docket numbers 1:13-CV-04442 (S.D.N.Y.) (Hellerstein, J.) and 13-10-75377A (Tex. D. Ct).

Settlement Payments

        Payments required in settlement agreements described above have been made or are covered by existing litigation accruals.

*            *            *

        Additional matters asserting claims similar to those described above may be filed in the future.

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LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

        For a discussion of Citigroup's litigation and related matters, see Note 24 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

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UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY, PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES, DIVIDENDS

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities

        None.

Equity Security Repurchases

        The following table summarizes Citigroup's equity security repurchases, which consisted entirely of common stock repurchases, during the three months ended September 30, 2013:

In millions, except per share amounts   Total shares
purchased
  Average
price paid
per share
  Approximate dollar
value of shares that
may yet be purchased
under the plan or
programs
 

July 2013

                   

Open market repurchases(1)

    1.7   $ 49.54   $ 936  

Employee transactions(2)

            N/A  

August 2013

                   

Open market repurchases(1)

    3.9     49.65     740  

Employee transactions(2)

            N/A  

September 2013

                   

Open market repurchases(1)

    3.2     49.63     582  

Employee transactions(2)

            N/A  
               

Total

    8.8   $ 49.62   $ 582  
               

(1)
Represents repurchases under the $1.2 billion 2013 common stock repurchase program (2013 Repurchase Program) that was approved by Citigroup's Board of Directors and announced on April 25, 2013. Shares repurchased under the 2013 Repurchase Program are treasury stock. (See "Unregistered Sales of Equity, Purchases of Equity Securities, Dividends—Equity Security Repurchases" in the First Quarter of 2013 Form 10-Q for additional information.)

(2)
Consisted of shares added to treasury stock related to (i) certain activity on employee stock option program exercises where the employee delivers existing shares to cover the option exercise, or (ii) under Citi's employee restricted stock program where certain shares are withheld to satisfy tax requirements.

N/A Not applicable

Dividends

        Any dividend on Citi's outstanding common stock would also be subject to regulatory approval and need to be made in compliance with Citi's obligations to its outstanding preferred stock.

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Exhibits

        See Exhibit Index.

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SIGNATURES

        Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, on the 1st day of November, 2013.


 

 

CITIGROUP INC.
    (Registrant)

 

 

By

 

/s/ JOHN C. GERSPACH

John C. Gerspach
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)

 

 

By

 

/s/ JEFFREY R. WALSH

Jeffrey R. Walsh
Controller and Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)

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EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit Number   Description of Exhibit
  3.01 + Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, as amended, as in effect on the date hereof.

 

10.01

*+

Form of Citigroup Inc. 2014 CAP/DCAP Agreement.

 

12.01

+

Calculation of Ratio of Income to Fixed Charges.

 

12.02

+

Calculation of Ratio of Income to Fixed Charges Including Preferred Stock Dividends.

 

31.01

+

Certification of principal executive officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

31.02

+

Certification of principal financial officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

32.01

+

Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

101.01

+

Financial statements from the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Citigroup Inc. for the quarter ended September 30, 2013, filed on November 1, 2013, formatted in XBRL: (i) the Consolidated Statement of Income, (ii) the Consolidated Balance Sheet, (iii) the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity, (iv) the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows and (v) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

The total amount of securities authorized pursuant to any instrument defining rights of holders of long-term debt of the Company does not exceed 10% of the total assets of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries. The Company will furnish copies of any such instrument to the SEC upon request.

*
Denotes a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

+
Filed herewith

248