Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3)
Registration No. 333-122258
PROSPECTUS
2.25% Convertible Senior Notes due 2024
and the Common Stock Issuable Upon Conversion of the Notes
We issued $75,000,000 aggregate principal amount of our 2.25% convertible senior notes due 2024 pursuant to a private placement on October 28, 2004 and an additional $11,250,000 aggregate principal amount of the notes on November 10, 2004 pursuant to the exercise by the initial purchasers of an option granted to them. This prospectus will be used by the selling securityholders to offer for resale the notes and the common stock issuable upon conversion of the notes. We will not receive any proceeds from these resales.
We will pay 2.25% interest per annum on the principal amount of the notes, payable semi-annually in arrears on May 1 and November 1 of each year, beginning on May 1, 2005. Interest will accrue on the notes from and including November 2, 2004 or from and including the last date in respect of which interest has been paid or provided for, as the case may be, to, but excluding, the next interest payment date or maturity date, as the case may be. The notes will mature on November 1, 2024.
The notes are convertible into cash and, if applicable, shares of our common stock based on an initial conversion rate, subject to adjustment, of 55.5278 shares per $1,000 principal amount of notes (which represents an initial conversion price of approximately $18.01 per share), in certain circumstances.
Holders may convert their notes into cash and, if applicable, shares of our common stock prior to the stated maturity only under the following circumstances: (1) during any calendar quarter after the calendar quarter ending December 31, 2004, if the closing sale price of our common stock for each of 20 or more consecutive trading days in a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter exceeds 120% of the conversion price in effect on the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter; (2) during the five business day period after any five consecutive trading day period (the "note measurement period") in which the average trading price per $1,000 principal amount of notes was equal to or less than 97% of the average conversion value of the notes during the note measurement period; (3) upon the occurrence of specified corporate transactions; or (4) if we have called the notes for redemption.
Upon conversion, holders of notes will receive cash and, if applicable, shares of our common stock. The aggregate value (the "conversion value") of the cash and, if applicable, shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount of notes will be equal to the product of:
Except as described in this prospectus, we will deliver the conversion value of the notes surrendered for conversion to converting holders as follows:
If notes are surrendered for conversion in connection with certain fundamental changes that occur before November 1, 2009, holders will in certain circumstances also receive the make-whole premium described in this prospectus in addition to the cash and shares to which holders are otherwise entitled to receive upon conversion.
On or after November 1, 2009, we may from time to time at our option redeem the notes, in whole or in part, for cash, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes we redeem, plus any accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. We will make at least 10 semi-annual interest payments on the notes before we may redeem them.
On each of November 1, 2009, November 1, 2014 and November 1, 2019, holders may require us to purchase all or a portion of their notes at a purchase price in cash equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be purchased, plus any accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the purchase date.
Holders may require us to repurchase all or a portion of their notes upon a fundamental change, as described in this prospectus, at a repurchase price in cash equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be repurchased, plus any accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the fundamental change repurchase date. If certain fundamental changes occur before November 1, 2009, we will pay, in addition to the fundamental change repurchase price described above, the make-whole premium described in this prospectus to holders that elect to have us repurchase their notes in connection with the fundamental change.
The notes are our senior unsecured obligations and will rank equally with all of our existing and future senior unsecured indebtedness. The notes are effectively subordinated to all of our existing and future secured indebtedness and all existing and future liabilities of our subsidiaries, including trade payables.
Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol "OPTN." On March 22, 2005, the last reported sale price of our common stock was $20.30 per share.
Investing in these securities involves significant risks. See "Risk factors" beginning on page 8 of this prospectus.
NEITHER THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION NOR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION HAS APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED OF THESE SECURITIES OR PASSED UPON THE ADEQUACY OR ACCURACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
The date of this prospectus is March 28, 2005.
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Important notice to readers | i | |
Prospectus summary | 1 | |
The notes | 4 | |
Risk factors | 8 | |
Forward-looking statements | 20 | |
Use of proceeds | 21 | |
Price range of common stock | 22 | |
Dividend policy | 22 | |
Consolidated ratio of earnings to fixed charges | 22 | |
Description of notes | 23 | |
Description of capital stock | 52 | |
Material US federal tax considerations | 54 | |
Selling securityholders | 63 | |
Plan of distribution | 67 | |
Where you can find additional information | 68 | |
Incorporation of certain documents by reference | 68 | |
Legal matters | 69 | |
Experts | 69 |
All trademarks, service marks and trade names in this prospectus are the property of their respective owners.
IMPORTANT NOTICE TO READERS
This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, using a "shelf" registration process. Under this shelf registration process, the selling securityholders may, from time to time, offer notes or shares of our common stock issued upon conversion of the notes that they own. Each time the selling securityholders offer notes or common stock under this prospectus, they will provide a copy of this prospectus and, if applicable, a copy of a prospectus supplement. You should read both this prospectus and, if applicable, any prospectus supplements together with the information incorporated by reference in this prospectus and, if applicable, any supplement hereto. See "Where you can find additional information" and "Incorporation of certain documents by reference" for more information.
We have not authorized anyone to provide you with information other than the information contained herein or incorporated by reference as set forth under "Incorporation of certain documents by reference". Neither the notes nor any shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the notes are being offered in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. The information contained in this prospectus speaks only as of the date of this prospectus and the information in the documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus speaks only as of the respective dates those documents were filed with the SEC.
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This summary highlights information contained elsewhere in this prospectus and the documents incorporated into it by reference. Because this is a summary, it does not contain all of the information that you should consider before investing in our securities. You should read the entire prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference carefully, including the section entitled "Risk factors."
Unless we indicate otherwise in this prospectus or the context otherwise requires, "Option Care," "the company" and "our company" "we," "us" and "our" refer to Option Care, Inc. and its subsidiaries.
COMPANY OVERVIEW
Option Care is a leading integrated provider of specialty pharmacy services and home infusion pharmacy services to patients with acute or chronic conditions that can be treated at home, at one of its local ambulatory infusion suites or in a physician's office. We provide these services to patients on behalf of managed care organizations, government healthcare programs and pharmaceutical manufacturers through two central high volume distribution facilities and 39 company-owned locations and 83 franchise locations. Our services include the distribution of infused and injectible medications, patient care coordination, compliance management and reimbursement support. For the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, we generated $414.4 million and $355.4 million in net revenues, respectively, and net income of $18.9 million and $8.7 million, respectively.
Option Care is a leading provider to managed care organizations and other third party payors, patients, physicians and pharmaceutical manufacturers with a cost-effective solution for both home infusion pharmacy services and specialty pharmacy services nationwide. Our combination of national and local distribution capabilities, sales and marketing resources, clinical staff and information systems support our customers as follows:
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Our company was founded in 1979 and was a pioneer in the delivery of home infusion services. The industry was formed when the technology emerged allowing for the safe and cost-effective administration of infused medications in a home environment. In addition, Medicare reimbursement changes in 1984 encouraged hospitals to reduce length of stays creating increased discharges to alternate site settings. During the 1980's, the company expanded its services nationally with a franchise model targeting markets with populations of fewer than 300,000. The company completed its initial public offering in 1992 and embarked on transitioning the company from a franchise organization to a healthcare services provider through an acquisition program targeting franchised and non-affiliated operations.
During the 1990's, Option Care focused on building a leadership position in the home infusion industry and began to leverage its local pharmacy capabilities to distribute niche high cost therapies targeting chronic conditions. Due to the robust biotech pharmaceutical product pipeline, Option Care has seen a significant increase in the distribution of these high cost injectible medications. As a result, the company has created a specialized service offering that meets the needs of patients, product manufactures and managed care organizations.
INDUSTRY OVERVIEW
Healthcare related expenditures constitute a large and growing segment of the US economy. According to estimates by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, national health expenditures reached an estimated $1.7 trillion in 2003 and are expected to increase to $3.4 trillion by 2013. In 2002, prescription drug expenditures were $162 billion, representing 10% of national healthcare expenditures for that year. Prescription drugs remain among the fastest growing categories of healthcare expenditures, increasing by 15.3% in 2002. We believe the recently enacted Medicare Prescription, Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003 (MPDIMA) should support the viability of Option Care's specialty pharmacy business. Reimbursement for drugs furnished in connection with durable medical equipment (DME) continues for 2004 and 2005 and does not appear to be adversely impacted. Two important trends that impact our business have emerged in relation to healthcare spending. These trends are positively impacting the growth of many services we provide:
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OUR STRATEGY
We leverage our 25 years of clinical experience, the wide geographical coverage of two central high volume distribution facilities and 39 company-owned locations and 83 franchise locations and our flexible distribution model, which includes the delivery of our services to patients' homes, physicians' offices or our local ambulatory infusion centers, to make us an attractive provider to managed care organizations, insurance companies and other third party payors and referral sources seeking a single source for infusion pharmacy services and specialty pharmacy services. We intend to increase our revenue and profitability by implementing the following strategies:
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
On February 18, 2005, our Board of Directors authorized a 3-for-2 stock split on March 31, 2005 for stockholders of record as of March 17, 2005. Following the stock split, the conversion rate for the notes will be adjusted to 83.2917 shares per $1,000 principal amount of notes (which represents a conversion price of $12.01 per share).
OUR CORPORATE INFORMATION
We were incorporated in Delaware in July 1991. Our principal executive offices are located at 485 Half Day Road, Suite 300, Buffalo Grove, Illinois 60089, and our telephone number is (847) 465-2100. We maintain an Internet website at http://www.optioncare.com. We have not incorporated by reference into this prospectus the information on our website, and you should not consider it to be a part of this prospectus.
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Issuer | Option Care, Inc., a Delaware corporation | |||
Notes |
$86,250,000 aggregate principal amount of 2.25% convertible senior notes due November 1, 2024 and the common stock potentially issuable upon conversion of the notes. |
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Maturity |
The notes will mature on November 1, 2024, unless earlier redeemed, repurchased or converted. |
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Interest payment dates |
We will pay 2.25% interest per annum on the principal amount of the notes, payable semi-annually in arrears on May 1 and November 1 of each year, starting on May 1, 2005, to holders of record at the close of business on the preceding April 15 and October 15, respectively. Interest will accrue on the notes from and including November 2, 2004 or from and including the last date in respect of which interest has been paid or provided for, as the case may be, to, but excluding, the next interest payment date or maturity date, as the case may be. |
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Ranking |
The notes are our senior unsecured obligations and rank equally with all of our existing and future senior unsecured indebtedness. The notes are effectively subordinated to all of Option Care, Inc.'s secured indebtedness and all existing and future liabilities of its subsidiaries, including trade payables. As of December 31, 2004, exclusive of our notes, our company and its subsidiaries had $37.0 million of indebtedness and other obligations that would effectively rank senior to the notes. See "Description of notesRanking." |
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Conversion rights |
The notes are convertible into cash and, if applicable, shares of our common stock, $0.01 par value per share, based on an initial conversion rate, subject to adjustment, of 55.5278 shares per $1,000 principal amount of notes (which represents an initial conversion price of approximately $18.01 per share), only in the following circumstances and to the following extent: |
| during any calendar quarter after the calendar quarter ending December 31, 2004, if the closing sale price of our common stock for each of 20 or more consecutive trading days in a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter exceeds 120% of the conversion price in effect on the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter; | |||
| during the five business day period after any five consecutive trading day period (the "note measurement period") in which the average trading price per $1,000 principal amount of notes was equal to or less than 97% of the average conversion value of the notes during the note measurement period; | |||
| if we make certain distributions on our common stock or engage in certain transactions; or | |||
| if we call the notes for redemption. | |||
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Upon conversion, holders of notes will receive cash and, if applicable, shares of our common stock. The aggregate value (the "conversion value") of the cash and, if applicable, shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount of notes will be equal to the product of: | ||||
| the conversion rate then in effect; and | |||
| the average of the daily volume-weighted average price per share of our common stock for each of the 10 consecutive trading days beginning on the second trading day immediately following the day the notes are tendered for conversion (the "10-day weighted average price"). | |||
Except as described below, we will deliver the conversion value of the notes surrendered for conversion to converting holders as follows: | ||||
| a cash amount (the "principal return") equal to the lesser of: | |||
| the aggregate conversion value of the notes to be converted; and | |||
| the aggregate principal amount of the notes to be converted; | |||
| if the aggregate conversion value of the notes to be converted is greater than the principal return, an amount in whole shares (the "net shares"), determined as set forth in this prospectus, equal to the aggregate conversion value less the principal return (the "net share amount"); and | |||
| a cash amount in lieu of any fractional shares of common stock. | |||
However, in order to comply with the continued listing requirements of the Nasdaq National Market, we will not issue more than 4,280,396 shares in respect of the notes. This number represents 19.99% of our outstanding shares of common stock as of October 27, 2004. However, we will make an additional compensatory cash payment to holders that receive less shares upon conversion as a result of this restriction. See "Description of notesConversion rightsPayment upon conversion." | ||||
If notes are surrendered for conversion in connection with certain fundamental changes that occur before November 1, 2009, holders will in certain circumstances also receive the make-whole premium described in this prospectus in addition to the cash and shares which holders are otherwise entitled to receive upon conversion. | ||||
See "Description of notesConversion rights." |
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Sinking fund | None. | |||
Redemption of notes at our option | On or after November 1, 2009, we may from time to time at our option redeem the notes, in whole or in part, at a redemption price in cash equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes we redeem, plus any accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. See "Description of notesRedemption of notes at our option." | |||
Purchase of notes by us at the option of the holder | On each of November 1, 2009, November 1, 2014 and November 1, 2019, holders may require us to purchase all or a portion of their notes at a purchase price in cash equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be purchased, plus any accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the purchase date. See "Description of notesPurchase of notes by us at the option of the holder." | |||
Right of holder to require us to repurchase notes if a fundamental change occurs | If a "fundamental change", as defined under the indenture under which we issued the notes, occurs, holders may require us to repurchase all or a portion of their notes for cash at a fundamental change repurchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be repurchased, plus any accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the fundamental change repurchase date. | |||
If certain fundamental changes occur before November 1, 2009, we will pay, in addition to the fundamental change repurchase price described above, the make-whole premium described in this prospectus to holders that elect to have us repurchase their notes in connection with the fundamental change. See "Description of notesHolders may require us to repurchase their notes upon a fundamental change." | ||||
Events of default | If an event of default on the notes has occurred and is continuing, the principal amount of the notes plus any premium and accrued and unpaid interest may become immediately due and payable. These amounts automatically become due and payable upon certain events of default. See "Description of notesEvents of default." | |||
Registration rights | Pursuant to a registration rights agreement that we entered into in connection with the issuance and sale of the notes, we have filed a shelf registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933 relating to the resale of the notes and the common stock issuable upon conversion of the notes. This prospectus constitutes a part of that registration statement. We filed the shelf registration statement solely to permit the resale of the notes and shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the notes, and investors who purchase notes or shares of common stock from selling securityholders in this offering will not be entitled to any registration rights under the registration rights agreement. | |||
Use of proceeds | We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of the notes or the common stock issuable upon conversion of the notes by the selling securityholders or upon payment of the make-whole premium in connection with a fundamental change. | |||
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Listing and trading | The notes trade on the PORTAL Market. Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol "OPTN." | |||
Material US federal tax considerations | For a discussion of material US federal tax considerations relating to the purchase, ownership and disposition of the notes and shares of common stock into which the notes are convertible, see "Material US federal tax considerations." | |||
Risk factors | In analyzing an investment in the notes offered by this prospectus, you should carefully consider, along with other matters included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, the information set forth under "Risk factors." |
For a more complete description of the terms of the notes, see "Description of notes." For a more complete description of our common stock, see "Description of capital stock."
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Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. Prior to making a decision about investing in our notes and the common stock issuable upon conversion of the notes by the selling securityholders or upon payment of the make-whole premium in connection with a fundamental change, you should carefully consider the risks described below and all other information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus. The risks and uncertainties described below and in other filings incorporated by reference are not the only ones facing our company. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently consider immaterial may also adversely affect us. If any of the following risks actually occurs, our business, results of operations and financial condition will likely suffer. As a result, the trading price of the notes and our common stock may decline, and you might lose part or all of your investment.
RISKS RELATED TO OUR BUSINESS
Our revenue and profitability will decline if the pharmaceutical industry undergoes certain changes, including limiting or discontinuing research, development, production and marketing of the pharmaceuticals that are compatible with the services we provide.
Our business is highly dependent on the ability of biotech and other pharmaceutical companies to develop, supply and market pharmaceuticals that are compatible with the services we provide. Our revenue and profitability will decline if those companies were to sell pharmaceuticals directly to the public or fail to support existing pharmaceuticals or develop new pharmaceuticals. Our business could also be harmed if the pharmaceutical industry experiences any of the following developments:
If we lose relationships with managed care organizations and other non-governmental third party payors, we could lose access to a significant number of patients and our revenue and margins could decline.
We are highly dependent on reimbursement from managed care organizations and other non-governmental third party payors. For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively, 82%, 82% and 85% of our revenue came from managed care organizations and other non-governmental payors, including self-pay patients. Many payors seek to limit the number of providers that supply pharmaceuticals to their enrollees in order to build volume that justifies their discounted pricing. From time to time, payors with whom we have relationships require that we bid against our competitors to keep their business. As a result of such bidding process, we may not be retained, and even if we are retained, the prices at which we are able to retain the business may be reduced. The loss of a payor relationship could significantly reduce the number of patients we serve and have a material adverse effect on our revenue and net income, and a reduction in pricing could reduce our margins and our net income.
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The loss of our contract with Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Florida would materially decrease our revenue.
Our principal managed care contract is with Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Florida, Inc. For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively, 15%, 17% and 20% of our revenue was related to this contract. The contract is terminable by either party on 90 days' notice and, unless terminated, renews annually each September for an additional one-year term. The loss of this contract, or a material reduction in our pricing or pharmaceutical sales under this contract, would materially decrease our revenue and net income.
Recent legislation changing the way Medicare reimburses healthcare providers for covered outpatient drugs, or other future changes to the scope or method of reimbursement from Medicare or Medicaid, could cause our revenue and gross profit margin to decline.
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively, 18%, 18% and 15% of our revenue came from reimbursement by federal and state programs such as Medicare and Medicaid. Reimbursement from these and other government programs is subject to statutory and regulatory requirements, administrative rulings, interpretations of policy, implementation of reimbursement procedures, retroactive payment adjustments, governmental funding restrictions and changes to or new legislation, all of which may materially affect the amount and timing of reimbursement payments to us. In particular, the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003 changed the way in which Medicare reimburses providers for covered outpatient drugs. In January 2004, payment for most drugs covered by Medicare decreased to 85% of the Average Wholesale Price (AWP) determined as of April 1, 2003. Beginning in 2005, reimbursement for most Medicare Part B drugs not paid on a cost or prospective payment basis will be set at either 106% of the Average Sales Price (ASP) or through a competitive acquisition program to be phased in beginning in 2006. A significant part of the infusion drugs provided by our company are administered in connection with covered durable medical equipment (DME). The payment rate for 2004 and 2005 generally will be 95% of the AWP in effect as of October 1, 2003. While the majority of our revenue is reimbursed by managed care organizations and other non-government payors, these changes to the way Medicare pays for outpatient drugs and biologicals may reduce our revenue and gross margins on services provided to Medicare patients. Further, adoption of ASP as the standard measure for determining reimbursement by state Medicaid programs for the drugs we provide may reduce our revenue and gross margins.
In addition, budgetary concerns in many states have resulted in and may continue to result in, reductions to Medicaid reimbursement as well as delays in payment of outstanding claims. Any reductions to or delays in collecting amounts reimbursable by government programs for our products or services or changes in regulations governing such reimbursements could cause our revenue and profitability to decline.
Our margins could decrease if there are changes in the calculation of Average Wholesale Price (AWP) for the pharmaceuticals we sell, or if managed care organizations and other private payors replace Average Wholesale Price with a different reimbursement system.
Our gross profit is largely controlled by our ability to purchase pharmaceutical products at discounted prices and to negotiate profitable managed care contracts. In many cases, we purchase pharmaceuticals at less than the published AWP for those pharmaceuticals. The AWP has been a standard form of pricing often used in the healthcare industry to determine discount and reimbursement amounts. Accordingly, we have contracted with a number of private payors to sell pharmaceuticals at AWP or at a percentage discount off of the AWP. AWP for most pharmaceuticals is compiled and published by private companies, including First DataBank, Inc. A reduction in AWP for the products we provide to patients could reduce our revenue and narrow our gross profit margins.
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The Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003 will result in the replacement of AWP with ASP as the standard measure for determining Medicare reimbursement for certain covered outpatient drugs. The adoption of ASP or any other measure for determining reimbursement by some or all of the managed care or other private payors with whom we contract could have a significant impact on our future revenue, results of operations and financial condition.
We are subject to pricing pressures and other risks involved with third party payors.
In recent years, competition for patients, efforts by traditional third party payors to contain or reduce healthcare costs, and the increasing influence of managed care payors, such as health maintenance organizations, have resulted in reduced rates of reimbursement. Changes in reimbursement policies of governmental third party payors, including policies relating to Medicare, Medicaid and other federal and state funded programs, could reduce the amounts reimbursed to our customers for our products and, in turn, the amount these customers would be willing to pay for our products and services, or could directly reduce the amounts payable to us by such payors. Pricing pressures by third party payors may continue, and these trends may adversely affect our business.
Also, continued growth in managed care plans have pressured healthcare providers to find ways of becoming more cost competitive. Managed care organizations have grown substantially in terms of the percentage of the population they cover and in terms of the portion of the healthcare economy they control. Managed care organizations have continued to consolidate to enhance their ability to influence the delivery of healthcare services and to exert pressure to control healthcare costs. A rapid concentration of revenue derived from individual managed care payors could harm our business.
If we do not adequately respond to competitive pressures, demand for our products and services could decrease.
The markets we serve are highly competitive and subject to relatively few barriers to entry. Local, regional and national companies are currently competing in many of the healthcare markets we serve and others may do so in the future. Some of our competitors have greater financial, technical, marketing and managerial resources than we have. Consolidation among our competitors, such as pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs) and regional and national infusion pharmacy or specialty pharmacy providers could result in price competition and other competitive factors that could cause a decline in our revenue and profitability. We expect to continue to encounter competition in the future that could limit our ability to grow revenue and/or maintain acceptable pricing levels.
Some biotech pharmaceutical suppliers in the specialty pharmacy industry have chosen to limit the number of distributors of their products. If we are not selected as a preferred distributor of one or more of our core products, our business and results of operations could be seriously harmed.
We have identified a trend among some of our suppliers toward the retention of a limited number of preferred distributors to market certain of their biopharmaceutical products. If this trend continues, we cannot be certain that we will be selected and retained as a preferred distributor or can remain a preferred distributor to market these products. Although we believe we can effectively meet our suppliers' requirements, there can be no assurance that we will be able to compete effectively with other specialty pharmacy companies to retain our position as a distributor of each of our core products. Adverse developments with respect to this trend could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
Any termination of, or adverse change in, our relationships with a single source product manufacturer or the loss of supply of a specific, single source specialty drug could have a material adverse effect on our operations.
We sell biotech pharmaceuticals that are supplied to us by a variety of manufacturers, many of which are the only source of that specific pharmaceutical. In order to have access to these
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pharmaceuticals, and to be able to participate in the launch of new biotech pharmaceuticals, we must maintain good working relations with the manufacturers. Most of the manufacturers of the pharmaceuticals we sell have the right to cancel their supply contracts with us without cause and after giving only minimal notice. One biotech pharmaceutical, Synagis®, which is manufactured and distributed by MedImmune, Inc., represented 6.8%, 7.1% and 5.6% of our revenue, respectively, for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002. The loss of our relationship with MedImmune, Inc. or with one or more other biotech pharmaceutical manufacturer would reduce our revenue and profitability.
We have recently experienced, and expect to continue to experience, rapid growth by acquisitions. If we fail to manage our growth effectively, our business could be disrupted and our operating results could suffer.
Our ability to successfully offer our products and services in evolving markets requires an effective planning and management process. In 2004, 2003 and 2002, combined, we completed ten separate pharmacy business acquisitions. Our growth through acquisitions, combined with the internal growth of our business based on our business plan, may place a strain on our management systems and resources. This growth has resulted in, and will continue to result in an increase in responsibilities for management. To accommodate our growth and compete effectively, we will need to continue to enhance, expand and improve our management and our operational and financial information systems and controls, and to expand, train, manage and motivate our workforce. Our personnel, systems, procedures, or controls may not be adequate to support our operations in the future in light of anticipated growth. In addition, if we focus our financial resources and management attention on the expansion of our operations, our financial results may suffer.
If we are unable to acquire additional local pharmacy facilities on favorable terms, we will be unable to execute our acquisition and development strategy.
Our strategy includes increasing our revenue and earnings through strategic acquisitions of infusion therapy pharmacies and related businesses. Our efforts to execute our acquisition strategy may be affected by our ability to identify suitable candidates and negotiate and close acquisitions. We continue to evaluate potential acquisition opportunities and expect to complete acquisitions in the future. The facilities we purchase may require working capital from us during the initial months of operation, depending on whether or not we acquire receivables as part of the acquisition agreement. We may acquire businesses with significant unknown or contingent liabilities, including liabilities for failure to comply with health care or reimbursement laws and regulations. While we generally obtain contractual rights to indemnification from owners of the businesses we acquire, our ability to realize on any indemnification claims will depend on many factors, including, among other things, the availability of assets of the indemnifying parties. In the future, we may not be successful in acquiring pharmacies or in achieving satisfactory operating results at acquired pharmacies, and we may not be able to acquire infusion therapy facilities that produce returns justifying our related investment. Furthermore, we may not be able to obtain sufficient capital resources to fund our acquisitions at terms acceptable to us, or at all. Future acquisitions may also result in the dilution of earnings.
An impairment of goodwill on our financial statements could adversely affect our financial position and results of operations.
Our acquisitions have resulted in the recording of a significant amount of goodwill on our financial statements. The goodwill was recorded because the fair value of the net assets acquired was less than the purchase price. We may not realize the full value of this goodwill. As such, we evaluate on at least an annual basis whether events and circumstances indicate that all or some of the carrying value of goodwill is no longer recoverable, in which case we would write off the unrecoverable goodwill as a charge against our earnings.
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Since our growth strategy will likely involve the acquisition of other companies, we may record additional goodwill in the future. The possible write-off of this goodwill could negatively impact our future earnings. We will also be required to allocate a portion of the purchase price of any acquisition to the value of any intangible assets that meet the criteria specified in the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141, "Business Combinations," such as marketing, customer or contract-based intangibles. The amount allocated to these intangible assets could be amortized over a fairly short period, which may negatively affect our earnings or the market price of our common stock.
As of December 31, 2004, we had goodwill of $65.4 million, or 24%, of our total assets and approximately 45% of stockholders' equity.
Changes in state and federal government regulation could restrict our ability to conduct our business.
The marketing, sale and purchase of pharmaceuticals and medical supplies and provision of healthcare services generally is extensively regulated by federal and state governments. Other aspects of our business are also subject to government regulation. We believe we are operating our business in compliance with applicable laws and regulations. The applicable regulatory framework is complex, and the laws are very broad in scope. Many of these laws remain open to interpretation and have not been addressed by substantive court decisions. Accordingly, we cannot provide any assurance that our interpretation would prevail or that one or more government agencies will not interpret them differently. Changes in the law or new interpretations of existing law can have a dramatic effect on what we can do, our cost of doing business and the amount of reimbursement we receive from governmental third party payors, such as Medicare and Medicaid. Also, we could be affected by interpretations of what the appropriate charges are under government programs.
Some of the healthcare laws and regulations that apply to our activities include:
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health information. Consequently, Congress incorporated provisions into HIPAA that mandated the adoption of federal privacy protections for individually identifiable health information. HHS published a final regulation in the form of the Privacy Rule in December 2000, which became effective April 14, 2001. The Privacy Rule was subsequently modified, and the final version was adopted in August 2002. The Privacy Rule set national standards for the protection of health information for providers and others who transmit health information electronically. By the compliance date of April 14, 2003, covered entities were required to implement standards to protect and guard against misuse of individually identifiable health information. We have implemented the standards set forth in the Privacy Rule and these standards were in place on April 14, 2003. We believe that we are in compliance with the Privacy Rule or any more stringent federal or state laws relating to privacy. Penalties for non-compliance with the Privacy Rule and other HIPAA Administrative Simplification provisions range from civil fines to criminal penalties.
In addition to regulating privacy of individual health information, HIPAA includes several anti-fraud and abuse laws, extends criminal penalties to private health care benefit programs and, in addition to Medicare and Medicaid, to other federal health care programs, and expands the Office of Inspector General's (OIG's) authority to exclude persons and entities from participating in the Medicare and Medicaid programs.
We may become subject to federal and state investigations.
Both federal and state government agencies have heightened and coordinated civil and criminal enforcement efforts as part of numerous ongoing investigations of healthcare companies, as well as their executives and managers. These investigations relate to a wide variety of topics, including referral and billing practices. Further, amendments to the federal False Claims Act have made it easier for private parties to bring whistleblower lawsuits against companies. Some states have adopted similar state whistleblower and false claims provisions. The Office of the Inspector General of the Department of Health and Human Services and the Department of Justice have, from time to time, established national enforcement initiatives that focus on specific billing practices or other suspected areas of abuse. Some of our activities could become the subject of governmental investigations or inquiries. For example, we have significant Medicare and Medicaid billings. In addition, our executives, some of whom have worked at other healthcare companies that are or may become the subject of federal and state investigations and private litigation, could be included in governmental investigations or named as defendants in private litigation, resulting in adverse publicity against us. We are not aware of any governmental investigations involving any of our company-owned facilities or our executives. A future investigation of us could result in significant liabilities or penalties to us, as well as adverse publicity, and could seriously undermine our ability to compete for business, negotiate acquisitions, hire new personnel and otherwise conduct our business.
We may be subject to liability for the services we offer and the products we sell.
We and other participants in the healthcare market are, have been and are likely to continue to be subject to lawsuits based upon alleged malpractice, product liability, negligence or similar legal theories, many of which involve large claims and significant defense costs. A successful claim not covered by our professional liability insurance or substantially in excess of our insurance coverage could cause us to pay out a substantial award. In addition, we retain liability on claims up to the amount of our deductibles, which generally are $250,000 per occurrence. Further, our insurance policy is subject to
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annual renewal and it may not be possible to obtain liability insurance in the future on acceptable terms, with adequate coverage against potential liabilities, or at all. Also, claims against us, regardless of their merit or eventual outcome, could be a serious distraction to management and could harm our reputation.
Our image and reputation may be harmed by actions taken by our franchisees that are outside of our control.
The majority of our local pharmacy locations are operated by franchisees. Franchisees are independent business owners and are not our subsidiaries or employees. Consequently, the quality of a franchised operation is dependent upon its owner(s) and manager(s). Franchisees may not successfully operate facilities or they may fail to comply with federal and state health care statutes and regulations. If they do not operate their franchises effectively or do not comply with applicable industry regulations, our image and reputation may suffer which could negatively impact our results of operations.
Our gross profit margins may decline if our franchise royalties are reduced.
We rely on royalty payments from our franchisees. For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, we derived 2.2%, 2.6% and 2.5%, respectively, of our revenue from franchise royalties and related fees. Our franchisees pay royalties on their gross receipts. Because there is no "cost of goods sold" associated with this revenue, franchise royalties and other fees represent a significant portion of our gross profit. For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, royalties and other franchise fees represented 7.8%, 8.6% and 8.1%, respectively, of our gross profit. If our franchisees encounter business or operational difficulties, our revenue from royalties may be adversely affected. Such difficulties may also negatively impact our ability to sell new franchises. In addition, if we are unable to successfully attract new franchisees or if our existing franchise owners do not enter into new franchise agreements with us when their current agreements expire, our franchise revenue, gross profit and overall profitability will decline.
The loss of one or more of our key employees could harm our operations.
Our success depends upon the availability and performance of our key executives, including our Chief Executive Officer, Rajat Rai, and our President and Chief Operating Officer, Richard M. Smith. We do not have "key person" insurance for any of our key executives. The loss of the services of Mr. Rai, Mr. Smith or any of our other key executives could have a material adverse effect upon our business and results of operations.
The current or future shortage in licensed pharmacists, nurses and other clinicians could adversely affect our business.
The healthcare industry is currently experiencing a shortage of licensed pharmacists, nurses and other healthcare professionals. Consequently, hiring and retaining qualified personnel will be difficult due to intense competition for their services and employment. Any failure to hire or retain pharmacists, nurses or other healthcare professionals could impair our ability to expand or maintain our operations.
Our certificate of incorporation, our bylaws, and Delaware law contain provisions that could discourage a change in control.
Some provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, as well as Delaware law, may be deemed to have an anti-takeover effect or may delay or make more difficult an acquisition or change in control not approved by our board of directors, whether by means of a tender offer, open market purchases, a proxy contest or otherwise. These provisions could have the effect of discouraging third parties from making proposals involving an acquisition or change in control, although such a proposal, if made, might be considered desirable by a majority of our stockholders. These provisions may also have the effect of making it more difficult for third parties to cause the replacement of our current
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management team without the concurrence of our board of directors. See "Description of capital stock."
RISKS RELATED TO THE NOTES AND OUR COMMON STOCK
The notes are unsecured, are subordinated to all of our existing and future secured indebtedness and are effectively subordinated to all liabilities of our subsidiaries.
The notes are unsecured and subordinated in right of payment to all of our existing and future secured indebtedness, to the extent of the assets securing such indebtedness, and are effectively subordinated to all liabilities of our subsidiaries, including trade payables. As of December 31, 2004, exclusive of our notes, our company and its subsidiaries had $37.0 million of indebtedness and other obligations, including trade payables, that would effectively rank senior to the notes. In the event of our insolvency, bankruptcy, liquidation, reorganization, dissolution or winding up, we may not have sufficient assets to pay amounts due on any or all of the notes then outstanding. See "Description of notesRanking."
Option Care, Inc. is a holding company and substantially all of its operations are conducted through its subsidiaries. None of its subsidiaries has guaranteed or otherwise become obligated with respect to the notes. Its right to receive assets from any of its subsidiaries upon its liquidation or reorganization, and the right of holders of the notes to participate in those assets, is effectively subordinated to claims of that subsidiary's creditors, including trade creditors. Even if Option Care, Inc. were a creditor of any of its subsidiaries, its rights as a creditor would be subordinate to any security interest in the assets of that subsidiary and any indebtedness of that subsidiary senior to that held by Option Care, Inc. Furthermore, none of these subsidiaries is under any obligation to make payments to Option Care, Inc., and any such payments would depend on the earnings or financial condition of its subsidiaries and various business considerations. Statutory, contractual or other restrictions may also limit the subsidiaries' ability to pay dividends or make distributions, loans or advances to Option Care, Inc. For these reasons, Option Care, Inc. may not have access to any assets or cash flows of its subsidiaries to make payments on the notes.
The market price of our common stock may experience substantial fluctuations for reasons over which we have little control.
Our stock is traded on the Nasdaq National Market. The stock price and the share trading volume for companies in the healthcare and health services industry is subject to significant volatility. Both company-specific and industry-wide developments, as well as changes to the overall condition of the US economy and stock market, may cause this volatility. The market price of our common stock could continue to fluctuate up or down substantially based on a variety of factors, including the following:
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Furthermore, stock prices for many companies fluctuate widely for reasons that may be unrelated to their operating results. These fluctuations, coupled with changes in our results of operations and general economic, political and market conditions, may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
Volatility of the market price of our common stock may depress the trading price of the notes.
The market price of our common stock has experienced, and may continue to experience, substantial volatility. Since January 1, 2002, the trading price of our common stock on the Nasdaq National Market has ranged from a low of $5.47 per share to a high of $20.70 per share. Because the notes are potentially convertible into shares of our common stock in certain circumstances, volatility in the price of our common stock may depress the trading price of the notes. The risk of volatility and depressed prices of our common stock also applies to holders who receive shares of common stock upon conversion of their notes.
In addition, the stock market in recent years has experienced extreme price and trading volume fluctuations that often have been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of individual companies. These broad market fluctuations may adversely affect the price of our common stock, regardless of our operating performance. In addition, sales of substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market after this offering, or the perception that those sales may occur, could cause the market price of our common stock to decline. Furthermore, stockholders may initiate securities class action lawsuits if the market price of our stock drops significantly, which may cause us to incur substantial costs and could divert the time and attention of our management.
These factors, among others, could significantly depress the trading price of the notes and the price of our common stock issued upon conversion of the notes.
The net share settlement feature of the notes may have adverse consequences.
The net share settlement feature of the notes, as described under "Description of notesConversion rightsPayment upon conversion," may:
The conversion value that you will receive upon conversion of the notes, if convertible, will be equal to the product of the conversion rate then in effect and the average of the daily volume-weighted average price per share of our common stock for each of the 10 consecutive trading days beginning on the second trading day after the day the notes are tendered for conversion. Except as described in this prospectus, we will pay the conversion value in cash, up to the principal amount of the notes being converted, and the residual conversion value, if any, in shares of our common stock valued at this 10-day average price per share. In addition, in order to comply with the continued listing requirements of the Nasdaq National Market, we may not issue more than an aggregate of 4,280,396 shares of common stock upon conversion (19.99% of our outstanding shares of common stock as of October 27, 2004).
We will deliver the cash and, if applicable, shares of common stock issuable upon conversion, excluding the any make-whole premium payable upon conversion, as soon as practicable, but in no event more than three business days, after the last trading day in the 10-consecutive trading days used to calculate the 10-day weighted average price per share, which will be at least 11 trading days after the
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date holders tender their notes for conversion. In addition, because this 10-day average is based on the trading prices of our common stock after the time a holder surrenders its notes for conversion, any decrease in the price of our common stock after you tender your notes for conversion may significantly decrease the conversion value you receive. Furthermore, because we must settle at least a portion of our conversion obligation in cash, the conversion of notes may significantly reduce our liquidity.
The conversion rate of the notes may not be adjusted for all dilutive events. Accordingly, we may engage in transactions that could dilute the value of the common stock into which your notes may be convertible.
As described under "Description of notesConversion rightsAdjustments to the conversion rate," we will adjust the conversion rate of the notes for certain events, including, among others:
We will not adjust the conversion rate for other events, such as an issuance of common stock for cash or in connection with an acquisition, that may adversely affect the trading price of the notes or our common stock. If we engage in any of these types of transactions, the value of the common stock into which your notes may be convertible may be diluted.
The make-whole premium payable on notes that are converted in connection with, or tendered for repurchase upon, a fundamental change may not adequately compensate you for the lost option time value of your notes as a result of that fundamental change.
If certain fundamental changes occur before November 1, 2009, we will under certain circumstances pay a make-whole premium on the notes that are converted in connection with, or tendered for repurchase upon, that fundamental change. The amount of the make-whole premium depends on the date on which the fundamental change becomes effective and the applicable price described in this prospectus. See "Description of notesHolders may require us to repurchase their notes upon a fundamental changeMake-whole premium."
Although the make-whole premium is designed to compensate you for the lost option time value of your notes as a result of the fundamental change, the amount of the make-whole premium is only an approximation of the lost value and may not adequately compensate you for the loss. In addition, if a fundamental change occurs on or after November 1, 2009 or if the applicable price is greater than $100.00 per share or equal to or less than $13.34 per share (in each case, subject to adjustment), then we will not pay any make-whole premium. Furthermore, because we generally must pay the make-whole premium in the same form of consideration which was paid for our common stock in the transaction constituting the fundamental change, you may receive consideration that is illiquid or otherwise of lesser value than expected. Also, a holder may not receive the make-whole premium payable upon conversion until the fundamental change repurchase date relating to the applicable fundamental change, or even later, which could be a significant period of time after the date the holder has tendered its notes for conversion.
Increases in the "per share" market price of our common stock in future periods could result in dilution of our earnings per share.
Increases in the market price of our common stock may result in dilution of our earnings per share related to the conversion feature of our 2.25% senior convertible notes. In accordance with EITF
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04-08, our diluted shares must include the dilutive effect or our convertible notes for periods during which the average market price of our common stock exceeds its conversion price per the terms of the notes during a given period. The initial conversion price was set at $18.01 per share (subject to future adjustment, as needed). If the average market price of our common stock should exceed the conversion price per share in a given period, our diluted shares would increase which could reduce our net income per diluted share for such period.
We may not have the ability to raise the funds to purchase our outstanding convertible senior notes on the purchase dates or upon a fundamental change or to pay the cash payment due upon conversion.
On each of November 1, 2009, November 1, 2014 and November 1, 2019, holders of our convertible senior notes may require us to purchase, for cash, all or a portion of their 2.25% senior convertible notes at 100% of their principal amount, plus any accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, that date. If a fundamental change occurs, holders of the notes may require us to repurchase, for cash, all or a portion of their notes. In addition, upon conversion of the notes, we will be required to pay the principal return, or, in certain circumstances, other amounts, in cash. We may not have sufficient funds for any required repurchase of the notes. In addition, the terms of any borrowing agreements which we may enter into from time to time may require early repayment of borrowings under circumstances similar to those constituting a fundamental change. These agreements may also make our repurchase of notes, or the cash payment due upon conversion of the notes, an event of default under the agreements. If we fail to repurchase the notes or pay the cash payment due upon conversion when required, we will be in default under the indenture for the notes.
Increased leverage as a result of our outstanding convertible senior notes may harm our financial condition and results of operations.
Our total consolidated long-term debt as of December 31, 2004 was $86.3 million, which represents 37.1% of our total capitalization as of that date. In addition, the indenture for our convertible senior notes will not restrict our ability to incur additional indebtedness.
Our level of indebtedness could have important consequences, because:
You may never be able to convert your notes into shares of our common stock, and the value of the notes could be less than the value of the common stock into which your notes could otherwise be converted.
The notes are convertible into cash and, if applicable, shares of our common stock only if specified conditions are met. These conditions may not be met. If these conditions for conversion are not met, you will not be able to convert your notes and you may not be able to receive the value of the common stock into which the notes would otherwise be convertible. In addition, for these and other reasons, the trading price of the notes could be substantially less than the conversion value of the notes.
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We have made only limited covenants in the indenture for the notes, and these limited covenants may not protect your investment.
The indenture for the notes does not:
Furthermore, the indenture for the notes contains only limited protections in the event of a change in control. We could engage in many types of transactions, such as acquisitions, refinancings or recapitalizations, that could substantially affect our capital structure and the value of the notes and our common stock but would not constitute a "fundamental change" that permits holders to require us to repurchase their notes. Our industry is consolidating, and there recently has been significant acquisition and business combination activity involving industry participants. From time to time, we evaluate transactions of this nature. If we were to be acquired or enter into a significant business combination transaction, your investment in us could be materially adversely affected and the terms of the notes may not provide you with any meaningful protection. You should not consider the covenants in the indenture or the repurchase feature of the notes as a significant factor in evaluating whether to invest in the notes.
If an active and liquid trading market for the notes does not develop, the market price of the notes may decline and you may be unable to sell your notes.
The notes are a relatively new issue of securities for which there is currently no public market. We do not intend to list the notes on any automated quotation system or any national securities exchange. An active trading market may not develop for the notes. Even if a trading market for the notes develops, the market may not be liquid. If an active trading market does not develop, you may be unable to resell your notes or may only be able to sell them at a substantial discount.
Future issuances of common stock may depress the trading price of our common stock and the notes.
Any issuance of equity securities, including the issuance of shares upon conversion of the notes, could dilute the interests of our existing stockholders, including holders who have received shares upon conversion of their notes, and could substantially decrease the trading price of our common stock and the notes. We may issue equity securities in the future for a number of reasons, including to make acquisitions, finance our operations and business strategy, to adjust our ratio of debt to equity, to satisfy our obligations upon the exercise of outstanding warrants or options or for other reasons.
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Our single largest stockholder owns approximately 29.7% of our common stock and may be able to exercise significant influence over the outcome of matters to be voted on by our stockholders.
As of March 22, 2005, Dr. John Kapoor had beneficial ownership both individually and through several partnerships and a trust of approximately 29.7% of the outstanding shares of our common stock. Dr. Kapoor is the Chairman of our board of directors. Accordingly, Dr. Kapoor, alone or together with members of our management team, may be able to exercise significant influence with respect to the election of directors, offers to acquire us and other matters submitted to a vote of our stockholders.
Provisions in the indenture for the notes, our charter documents and Delaware law could discourage an acquisition of us by a third party, even if the acquisition would be favorable to you.
If certain "change in control" transactions (as defined in the indenture) occur, holders of the notes will have the right, at their option, to require us to repurchase all or a portion of their notes. In addition, the indenture for the notes prohibits us from engaging in certain mergers or acquisitions unless, among other things, the surviving entity assumes our obligations under the notes. These and other provisions, including the provisions of our charter documents and Delaware law described under "Description of capital stock," could prevent or deter a third party from acquiring us even where the acquisition could be beneficial to you.
An adverse rating of the notes may cause their trading price to fall.
If a rating agency rates the notes, it may assign a rating that is lower than investors' expectations. Ratings agencies also may lower ratings on the notes in the future. If rating agencies assign a lower-than-expected rating or reduce, or indicate that they may reduce, their ratings in the future, the trading price of the notes could significantly decline.
You may have to pay taxes if we adjust the conversion rate in certain circumstances, even if you do not receive any cash.
We will adjust the conversion rate of the notes for stock splits and combinations, stock dividends, certain cash dividends and certain other events that affect our capital structure. See "Description of notesConversion rights." If we adjust the conversion rate, in certain circumstances you may be treated as having received a constructive distribution from us, resulting in taxable income to you for US federal income tax purposes, even though you would not receive any cash in connection with the conversion rate adjustment and even though you might not exercise your conversion right. See "Material US federal tax considerationsUS HoldersAdjustment of conversion rate" and "Non-US HoldersAdjustment of conversion rate."
A holder of a note cannot exercise any of the rights of owning our common stock, unless the holder converts the note into shares of our common stock.
A holder of notes is not entitled to any of the rights of an owner of shares of our common stock, including the right to vote or receive dividends and other distributions on our common stock, unless the holder converts its notes and receives common stock. In addition, because of the contingent conversion and net share settlement features of the notes, you may never be able to convert your notes or receive any shares upon conversion.
Certain information included in this prospectus, including the documents incorporated by reference herein, contains statements that are or will be forward-looking, within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, such as statements relating to acquisitions and other business development activities, future capital expenditures and cash needs and the effects of future regulation
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and competition. Such forward-looking information involves important risks and uncertainties that could significantly affect anticipated results in the future and, accordingly, such results may differ from those expressed in any forward-looking statements made by us, or on our behalf. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to
All forward-looking statements are specifically qualified in their entirety by the foregoing cautionary statement and the "risk factors" that appear elsewhere in this prospectus. We do not undertake to update any forward-looking statement that may be made from time to time by or on our behalf.
We will not receive any proceeds from the sale by the selling securityholders of the notes or shares of common stock issued upon conversion of the notes or upon payment of the make-whole premium in connection with a fundamental change.
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Our common stock is traded publicly on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol "OPTN." The following table presents quarterly information on the price range of our common stock. This information indicates the high and low sales prices reported by the Nasdaq National Market. These prices do not include retail markups, markdowns or commissions. The prices in this table do not reflect the 3-for-2 stock split payable on March 31, 2005 to stockholders of record on March 17, 2005.
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High |
Low |
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Fiscal year ended December 31, 2003 | ||||||
First quarter | $ | 9.15 | $ | 6.99 | ||
Second quarter | 12.22 | 8.26 | ||||
Third quarter | 12.68 | 9.70 | ||||
Fourth quarter | 12.47 | 8.59 | ||||
Fiscal year ended December 31, 2004 | ||||||
First quarter | $ | 13.89 | $ | 10.34 | ||
Second quarter | 15.83 | 11.05 | ||||
Third quarter | 18.62 | 13.30 | ||||
Fourth quarter | 18.84 | 12.77 | ||||
Fiscal year ending December 31, 2005 | ||||||
First quarter (through March 22, 2005) | $ | 20.70 | $ | 15.87 |
As of March 21, 2005, there were approximately 292 holders of record of our common stock.
At its meeting on May 11, 2004, our board of directors initiated a quarterly cash dividend policy.
In May 2004, our Board of Directors authorized the adoption of a quarterly dividend policy. Each quarter, our Board of Directors will determine the dividend amount per share. During each of the quarters ended June 30, September 30 and December 31, 2004, our board declared a $0.02 per share dividend.
Our board of directors may declare dividends at its discretion; and any determination will be made by our board of directors based upon a consideration of a number of factors.
CONSOLIDATED RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES
The following table sets forth our unaudited consolidated ratio of earnings to fixed charges for the five years ended December 31, 2004. For the purpose of calculating the ratio of earnings to fixed charges, "earnings" consists of income from continuing operations plus fixed charges, excluding capitalized interest and minority interest of the pre-tax income of certain subsidiaries, and "fixed charges" consist of interest, whether expensed or capitalized, amortization of debt issuance costs and the estimated portion of rental expense deemed to be equivalent to interest.
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Year Ended December 31, |
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2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
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8.07x | 8.44x | 18.39x | 10.71x | 19.44x | ||||||
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On November 2, 2004 and November 10, 2004, we issued and sold $86,250,000 of our 2.25% convertible senior notes due 2024 to qualified institutional buyers (as defined under Rule 144A under the Securities Act). The notes were issued under an indenture, dated as of November 2, 2004, between us and LaSalle Bank National Association, as trustee. The following summary of the terms of the notes and the indenture does not purport to be complete and is subject, and qualified in its entirety by reference, to the detailed provisions of the notes and the indenture. We will provide copies of the indenture to you upon request, and they are also available for inspection at the office of the trustee. The indenture, and not this description, defines your legal rights as a holder of the notes.
For purposes of this summary under "Description of notes", the terms "Option Care," "we," "us" and "our" refer only to Option Care, Inc. and not to any of its subsidiaries, unless we specify otherwise. Unless the context requires otherwise, the term "interest" includes "additional interest," and references to dollars mean US dollars. The term "premium" includes the "make-whole premium" we describe under "Holders may require us to repurchase their notes upon a fundamental changeMake-whole premium," unless the context requires otherwise.
GENERAL
The notes:
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All cash payments on the notes will be made in US dollars.
We will issue the notes in denominations of integral multiples of $1,000 principal amount, without coupons. We will initially issue the notes as global securities in book-entry form. We will make payments in respect of the notes by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the accounts specified by holders of the notes. If a holder of a note that has been subsequently issued in certificated form does not specify an account, we will mail a check to that holder's registered address.
You may convert notes at the office of the conversion agent, present notes for registration of transfer at the office of the registrar for the notes and present notes for payment at maturity at the office of the paying agent. We have appointed the trustee as the initial conversion agent, registrar and paying agent for the notes.
We will not provide a sinking fund for the notes. The indenture does not contain any financial covenants and will not limit our ability to incur additional indebtedness, including senior or secured indebtedness, pay dividends or repurchase our securities. In addition, the indenture does not provide any protection to holders of notes in the event of a highly leveraged transaction or a change in control, except as, and only to the limited extent, described under "Holders may require us to repurchase their notes upon a fundamental change" and "Consolidation, merger and sale of assets."
If any payment date with respect to the notes falls on a day that is not a business day, we will make the payment on the next business day. The payment made on the next business day will be treated as though it had been made on the original payment date, and no interest will accrue on the payment for the additional period of time.
INTEREST PAYMENTS
We will pay interest on the notes in cash at a rate of 2.25% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on each May 1 and November 1 of each year, beginning on May 1, 2005. Except as described below, we will pay interest that is due on an interest payment date to holders of record at the close of business on the preceding April 15 and October 15, respectively. Interest will accrue on the notes from and including November 2, 2004 or from and including the last date in respect of which interest has been paid or provided for, as the case may be, to, but excluding, the next interest payment date or maturity date, as the case may be. We will pay interest on the notes on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months.
If a holder surrenders a note for conversion after the close of business on the record date for the payment of an installment of interest and before the related interest payment date, then, despite the conversion, we will, on the interest payment date, pay in cash the interest due with respect to the note to the person who was the record holder of the note at the close of business on the record date. However, unless we have called the note for redemption, the holder who surrenders the note for conversion must pay in cash to the conversion agent upon surrender of the note an amount equal to the interest payable on such interest payment date on the portion of the note being converted. However, a holder that surrenders a note for conversion need not pay any overdue interest that has accrued on the note.
If we redeem the notes, or if a holder surrenders a note for purchase at the option of the holder or for repurchase upon a fundamental change as described under "Purchase of notes by us at the option of the holder" and "Holders may require us to repurchase their notes upon a fundamental change," we will pay accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the holder that surrenders the security for redemption, purchase or repurchase, as the case may be. However, if we redeem a note on a redemption date that is an interest payment date, we will pay the accrued and unpaid interest due on that interest payment date instead to the record holder of the note at the close of business on the record date for that interest payment.
For a description of when and to whom we must pay additional interest, if any, see "Registration rights, additional interest."
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CONVERSION RIGHTS
If the conditions for conversion of the notes described below, including those described under "Conditions for conversion" and "Conversion procedures," are satisfied, holders of notes may, subject to prior maturity, redemption or repurchase, convert their notes in integral multiples of $1,000 principal amount into cash in an amount described below and, if applicable, shares of our common stock, based on an initial conversion rate of 55.5278 shares of our common stock per $1,000 principal amount of notes, subject to adjustment as described below. This rate results in an initial conversion price of approximately $18.01 per share. We will not issue fractional shares of common stock upon conversion of the notes and instead will pay a cash adjustment for fractional shares based on the 10-day weighted average price per share of our common stock described below. Except as described below, we will not make any payment or other adjustment on conversion with respect to any accrued interest on the notes, and we will not adjust the conversion rate to account for accrued and unpaid interest.
On conversion, the holders of notes will also receive the rights under any stockholder rights plan (i.e., a poison pill) we may establish in the future, whether or not the rights are separated from our common stock prior to conversion. We currently do not have a stockholder rights plan.
If a holder surrenders a note for conversion after the close of business on the record date for the payment of an installment of interest and before the related interest payment date, then, despite the conversion, we will, on the interest payment date, pay in cash the interest due with respect to the note to the person who was the record holder of the note at the close of business on the record date. However, unless we have called the note for redemption, the holder who surrenders the note for conversion must pay in cash to the conversion agent upon surrender of the note an amount equal to the interest payable on such interest payment date on the portion of the note being converted. However, a holder that surrenders a note for conversion need not pay any overdue interest that has accrued on the note.
The conversion right with respect to any notes we have called for redemption will expire at the close of business on the last business day immediately preceding the redemption date, unless we default in the payment of the redemption price. A note for which a holder has delivered a purchase notice or a fundamental change repurchase notice, as described below, requiring us to purchase the note may be surrendered for conversion only if the holder withdraws the notice in accordance with the indenture, unless we default in the payment of the purchase price or fundamental change repurchase price.
Except as provided in the indenture, if we reclassify our common stock or are party to a consolidation, merger or binding share exchange, or if we sell, transfer, lease, convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our property or assets, then, at the effective time of the transaction, the right to convert a note will be changed into a right to convert it into the kind and amount of shares of stock and other securities and property (including cash) which a holder of such note would have received (the "reference property") if the holder had converted the note and received solely shares of our common stock, at the conversion rate then applicable, upon such conversion, immediately before the transaction (assuming that the holder would not have exercised any rights of election that the holder would have had as a holder of common stock to select a particular type of consideration). However, after at the effective time of the transaction, the principal return payable upon conversion of the notes will continue to be payable in cash and the conversion value will be calculated based on the fair value of the reference property. A change in the conversion right such as this could substantially lessen or eliminate the value of the conversion right. For example, if a third party acquires us in a cash merger, each note would be convertible solely into cash and would no longer be potentially convertible into securities whose value could increase depending on the surviving entity's future financial performance, prospects and other factors.
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There is no precise, established definition of the phrase "all or substantially all of our property or assets" under applicable law. Accordingly, there may be uncertainty as to whether the provisions above would apply to a sale, transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition of less than all of our property or assets.
In the event of:
the holders of the notes may, in certain circumstances, be deemed to have received a distribution subject to US federal income tax as a dividend. This generally would occur, for example, if we adjust the conversion rate to compensate holders for cash dividends on our common stock and could also occur if we make other distributions of cash or property to our stockholders. See "Material US federal tax considerationsUS holdersAdjustments of conversion rate" and "Material US federal tax considerationsNon-US holdersAdjustments of conversion rate."
Conversion procedures
To convert a note, the holder must complete the conversion notice on the back of the note and deliver it, together with the note and any required interest payment, to the office of the conversion agent for the notes, which will initially be the office of the trustee. In addition, the holder must pay any tax or duty payable as a result of any transfer involving the issuance or delivery of the shares of common stock in a name other than that of the registered holder of the note. The note will be deemed to be converted on the date on which the holder has satisfied all of these requirements.
We will deliver, through the conversion agent, the cash and, if applicable, shares of common stock issuable upon conversion as soon as practicable, but in no event more than three business days after the last trading day in the 10-consecutive trading days used to calculate the 10-day weighted average price per share of our common stock described below. However, we will deliver, through the conversion agent, the make-whole premium, if any, due on a note upon conversion in connection with a fundamental change as soon as practicable, but in no event after the later of the applicable fundamental change repurchase date and the date the note is tendered for conversion. See "Holders may require us to repurchase their notes upon a fundamental changeMake-whole premium."
For a discussion of certain tax consequences of a holder receiving cash including, if applicable, a make-whole premium and, if applicable, shares of common stock upon surrendering notes for conversion, see "Material US federal tax considerationsUS holdersConversion of the notes" and "Material US federal tax considerationsNon-US holdersConversion of the notes."
Payment upon conversion
Holders that tender their notes for conversion will receive cash and, if applicable, shares of our common stock. The aggregate value (the "conversion value") of the cash and, if applicable, shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount of notes converted will be equal to the product of:
Our board of directors will make appropriate adjustments, in its good faith determination, to account for any adjustment to the conversion rate that becomes effective, or any event requiring an
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adjustment to the conversion rate where the ex date of the event occurs, at any time from, and including, the date the notes are tendered for conversion to, and including, the date that we deliver the consideration payable upon conversion.
The "volume-weighted average price" per share of our common stock on a trading day is the volume-weighted average price per share of our common stock on the Nasdaq National Market or, if our common stock is not listed on the Nasdaq National Market, on the principal exchange or over-the-counter market on which our common stock is then listed or traded, from 9:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., New York City time, on that trading day, as displayed by Bloomberg. If such volume weighted average price is not available, then our board of directors will in good faith determine the amount to be used as the volume-weighted average price.
Except as described below, we will deliver the conversion value of the notes surrendered for conversion to converting holders as follows:
The number of net shares we will deliver upon conversion is equal to the net share amount divided by the 10-day weighted average price per share of our common stock. However, in order to comply with the continued listing requirements of the Nasdaq National Market, we may not issue more than a total of 4,280,396 net shares in respect of the notes, subject to adjustment for stock splits, stock dividends and similar transactions. This number represents 19.99% of our outstanding shares of common stock as of October 27, 2004.
Based on the initial conversion rate, the limit on the total number of net shares issuable upon conversion cannot be reached unless the 10-day weighted average price per share of our common stock is equal to at least $169.90.
The number of remaining net shares available for issuance, which we refer to as the "available shares," will be reduced as holders convert their notes. If the conversion rate and the 10-day weighted average price per share of our common stock reach levels such that there would be insufficient available shares to satisfy our conversion obligation on all outstanding notes, then you will receive less shares upon conversion. However, in such a case, we will make an additional cash payment to converting holders equal to the value, based on the 10-day weighted average price per share of our common stock, of any shares we do not deliver.
We will determine the conversion value, principal return, net share amount and number of net shares at the end of the 10 consecutive trading day period beginning on the second trading day immediately following the day the notes are tendered for conversion. We may not have the financial resources, and we may not be able to arrange for financing, to pay the principal return for all notes holders have tendered for conversion. Furthermore, payment of the principal return may violate the terms of our existing or future indebtedness. See "Risk factorsWe may not have the ability to raise the funds to purchase the notes on the purchase dates or upon a fundamental change or to pay the cash payment due upon conversion." Our failure to pay the principal return on the notes when converted would result in an event of default with respect to the notes.
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Conversion upon the occurrence of certain fundamental changes
If:
then holders who surrender their notes for conversion during the period that begins on, and includes, the 15th business day before the date we originally announce as the anticipated effective date of the fundamental change and ends on, and includes, the 15th business day after the actual effective date of the fundamental change will also receive the "make-whole premium" described under "Holders may require us to repurchase their notes upon a fundamental changeMake-whole premium." In connection with such a fundamental change, we will pay this make-whole premium in addition to the cash and, if applicable, shares to which these holders are otherwise entitled to receive upon conversion.
Conditions for conversion
The notes will become convertible only in certain circumstances, which we describe below. If the notes become convertible, we will provide written notice to each holder, and we will publicly announce, through a reputable national newswire service, and publish on our website, that the notes have become convertible, stating:
We will make this public announcement as soon as practicable, but in no event later than the open of business on the first date the notes become convertible as a result of the event.
Holders may surrender their notes for conversion prior to maturity or earlier redemption or repurchase only in the following circumstances:
Conversion based on price of common stock
Prior to maturity or earlier redemption or repurchase, holders may surrender their notes for conversion during any calendar quarter after the calendar quarter ending December 31, 2004, if the "closing sale price" (as defined in the indenture) of our common stock for each of 20 or more consecutive trading days in a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter exceeds 120% of the conversion price in effect on the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter. Our board of directors will make appropriate adjustments, in its good faith determination, to account for any adjustment to the
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conversion rate that becomes effective, or any event requiring an adjustment to the conversion rate where the ex date of the event occurs, during that 30 consecutive trading day period.
The "closing sale price" of our common stock on any trading day generally means the closing per share sale price (or, if no closing sale price is reported, the average of the bid and ask prices or, if more than one in either case, the average of the average bid and the average ask prices) on such trading day on the US principal national securities exchange on which our common stock is listed or, if our common stock is not listed on a US national securities exchange, as reported by the Nasdaq system or otherwise as provided in the indenture.
Conversion upon satisfaction of the trading price condition
Prior to maturity or earlier redemption or repurchase, holders may surrender their notes for conversion during the five business day period after any five consecutive trading day period (the "note measurement period") in which the average trading price per $1,000 principal amount of notes, as determined following a request by a holder of notes in accordance with the procedures described below, was equal to or less than 97% of the average conversion value of the notes during the note measurement period. We refer to this condition as the "trading price condition."
For purposes of the trading price condition, the "conversion value" per $1,000 principal amount of notes on a trading day is the product of the closing sale price per share of our common stock and the conversion rate of the notes in effect on that trading day.
Except as described below, the "trading price" of the notes on any day generally means the average secondary market bid quotations obtained by the bid solicitation agent for $5,000,000 principal amount of notes at approximately 4:00 p.m., New York City time, on such day from three independent nationally recognized securities dealers we select. However, if the bid solicitation agent can reasonably obtain only two such bids, then the average of the two bids will be instead used, and if the bid solicitation agent can reasonably obtain only one such bid, then that one bid will be used. Even still, if on a given day:
then the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of notes will be deemed to be equal to 97% of the product of the closing sale price of our common stock on that day and the conversion rate then in effect.
The bid solicitation agent will have no obligation to determine the trading price of the notes unless we have requested it to do so, and we will have no obligation to make such request unless a holder provides us with reasonable evidence that the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of notes would be equal to or less than 97% of the conversion value of the notes. At such time, we will instruct the bid solicitation agent to determine the trading price of the notes for each of the next five trading days and on each following trading day until the trading price condition is no longer satisfied.
Conversion based on redemption
If we call a note for redemption, the holder of that note may surrender it for conversion at any time before the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the redemption date.
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Conversion upon the occurrence of certain corporate transactions
If:
then a holder may surrender notes for conversion at any time during the period that begins on, and includes, the 15th business day before the date we originally announce as the anticipated effective date of the fundamental change, transaction or event and ends on, and includes, the 15th business day after the actual effective date of the fundamental change, transaction or event.
Holders that convert their notes in connection with certain fundamental changes may in some circumstances also be entitled to receive a make-whole premium. See "Holders may require us to repurchase their notes upon a fundamental changeMake-whole premium."
In addition, if we take any action, or become aware of an event, that would require an adjustment to the conversion rate as described in the third, fourth, fifth, sixth or seventh bullet point in "Adjustments to the conversion rate" below, we must mail to holders written notice of the action or event at least 20 days before the record, effective or expiration date, as the case may be, of the transaction. Holders may surrender their notes for conversion beginning on the date we mail the notice (or, if earlier, the date the indenture requires us to mail the notice) until the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the "ex date" (as defined in the indenture) of the transaction or until we announce that the transaction will not take place.
Adjustments to the conversion rate
Subject to the terms of the indenture, we will adjust the conversion rate for:
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Subject to the provisions of the indenture, if we distribute cash in accordance with the fifth bullet point above, then we will generally increase the conversion rate so that it equals the rate determined by multiplying the conversion rate in effect immediately before the close of business on the record date for the cash distribution by a fraction whose numerator is the "current market price" (as defined in the indenture) per share of our common stock on the record date and whose denominator is that "current market price" less the "excess payment per share" (as defined in the indenture). "Excess payment per share" generally means:
However, we will not adjust the conversion rate for such cash dividends or other cash distributions pursuant to this provision to the extent that the adjustment would reduce the conversion price below $0.01.
"Current market price" per share of our common stock on a date generally means the average of the closing sale prices of our common stock for the 10 consecutive trading days immediately preceding that date. We will make adjustments to the current market price in accordance with the indenture to account for the occurrence of certain events during the 10 consecutive trading day period.
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If we issue rights, options or warrants that are only exercisable upon the occurrence of certain triggering events, then:
The indenture does not require us to adjust the conversion rate for any of the transactions described in the bullet points above if we make provision for holders of notes to participate in the transaction without conversion on a basis and with notice that our board of directors determines in good faith to be fair and appropriate, as provided in the indenture.
We will not adjust the conversion rate unless the adjustment would result in a change of at least 1% in the then effective conversion rate. However,
To the extent permitted by law and the continued listing requirements of the Nasdaq National Market, we may, from time to time, increase the conversion rate by any amount for a period of at least 20 days or any longer period required by law, so long as the increase is irrevocable during that period and our board of directors determines that the increase is in our best interests. We will mail a notice of the increase to holders at least 15 days before the day the increase commences. In addition, we may also increase the conversion rate as we determine to be advisable in order to avoid taxes to recipients of certain distributions.
On conversion, the holders of notes will receive, in addition to the principal return and, if applicable, shares of our common stock and any cash for fractional shares, the rights under any stockholder rights plan (i.e., a poison pill) we may establish in the future, whether or not the rights are separated from our common stock prior to conversion. We currently do not have a stockholder rights plan. A distribution of rights pursuant to such a stockholder rights plan will not trigger a conversion rate adjustment pursuant to the fourth bullet point above so long as we have made proper provision to provide that holders will receive such rights upon conversion in accordance with the terms of the indenture.
REDEMPTION OF NOTES AT OUR OPTION
Prior to November 1, 2009, we cannot redeem the notes. We may redeem the notes at our option, in whole or in part, at any time on or after November 1, 2009, on a date not less than 30 nor more than 60 days after the day we mail a redemption notice to each holder of notes to be redeemed at the address of the holder appearing in the security register, at a redemption price, payable in cash, equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes we redeem plus any accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. However, if a redemption date is an interest payment date, the payment of interest becoming due on that date will be payable to the holder of record at the close of business on the relevant record date, and the redemption price will not include such interest payment. We will make at least 10 semi-annual interest payments on the notes before we may redeem the notes at our option.
For a discussion of certain tax consequences to a holder upon a redemption of notes, see "Material US federal tax considerationsUS holdersSale, redemption or exchange of notes" and
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"Material US federal tax considerationsNon-US holdersSale or exchange of the notes or common stock."
If the paying agent holds money sufficient to pay the redemption price due on a note on the redemption date in accordance with the terms of the indenture, then, on and after the redemption date, the note will cease to be outstanding and interest on the note will cease to accrue, whether or not the holder delivers the note to the paying agent. Thereafter, all other rights of the holder terminate, other than the right to receive the redemption price upon delivery of the note, together with necessary endorsements.
The conversion right with respect to any notes we have called for redemption will expire at the close of business on the last business day immediately preceding the redemption date, unless we default in the payment of the redemption price.
If we will redeem less than all of the outstanding notes, the trustee will select the notes to be redeemed in integral multiples of $1,000 principal amount by lot, on a pro rata basis or in accordance with any other method the trustee considers fair and appropriate. However, we may redeem the notes only in integral multiples of $1,000 principal amount. If a portion of a holder's notes is selected for partial redemption and the holder converts a portion of the notes, the principal amount of the note that is subject to redemption will be reduced by the principal amount that the holder converted.
We will not redeem any notes at our option if there has occurred and is continuing an event of default with respect to the notes, other than a default in the payment of the redemption price with respect to those notes.
PURCHASE OF NOTES BY US AT THE OPTION OF THE HOLDER
On each of November 1, 2009, November 1, 2014 and November 1, 2019 (each, a "purchase date"), a holder may require us to purchase all or a portion of the holder's outstanding notes, at a price in cash equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be purchased, plus any accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the purchase date, subject to certain additional conditions. On each purchase date, we will purchase all notes for which the holder has delivered and not withdrawn a written purchase notice. Holders may submit their written purchase notice to the paying agent at any time from the opening of business on the date that is 20 business days before the purchase date until the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the purchase date.
For a discussion of certain tax consequences to a holder receiving cash upon a purchase of the notes at the holder's option, see "Material US federal tax considerationsUS holdersSale, redemption or exchange of notes" and "Material US federal tax considerationsNon-US holdersSale or exchange of the notes or common stock."
We will give notice on a date that is at least 20 business days before each purchase date to all holders at their addresses shown on the register of the registrar, and to beneficial owners as required by applicable law, stating, among other things:
To require us to purchase its notes, the holder must deliver a purchase notice that states:
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A holder that has delivered a purchase notice may withdraw the purchase notice by delivering a written notice of withdrawal to the paying agent before the close of business on the business day before the purchase date. The notice of withdrawal must state:
If the notes are not in certificated form, the above notices must comply with appropriate DTC procedures.
To receive payment of the purchase price for a note for which the holder has delivered and not withdrawn a purchase notice, the holder must deliver the note, together with necessary endorsements, to the paying agent at any time after delivery of the purchase notice. We will pay the purchase price for the note as soon as practicable but in no event more than three business days after the later of the purchase date and the time of delivery of the note, together with necessary endorsements.
If the paying agent holds on a purchase date money sufficient to pay the purchase price due on a note in accordance with the terms of the indenture, then, on and after that purchase date, the note will cease to be outstanding and interest on the note will cease to accrue, whether or not the holder delivers the note to the paying agent. Thereafter, all other rights of the holder terminate, other than the right to receive the purchase price upon delivery of the note.
We may not have the financial resources, and we may not be able to arrange for financing, to pay the purchase price for all notes holders have elected to have us purchase. Furthermore, certain financial covenants contained in our future indebtedness may limit our ability to pay the purchase price to purchase notes. See "Risk factorsWe may not have the ability to raise the funds to purchase the notes on the purchase dates or upon a fundamental change or to pay the cash payment due upon conversion." Our failure to purchase the notes when required would result in an event of default with respect to the notes.
We will not purchase any notes at the option of holders if there has occurred and is continuing an event of default with respect to the notes, other than a default in the payment of the purchase price with respect to those notes.
In connection with any purchase offer, we will, to the extent applicable:
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HOLDERS MAY REQUIRE US TO REPURCHASE THEIR NOTES UPON A FUNDAMENTAL CHANGE
If a "fundamental change" (as defined in the indenture) occurs, each holder will have the right, at its option, subject to the terms and conditions of the indenture, to require us to repurchase for cash all or any portion of the holder's notes in integral multiples of $1,000 principal amount, at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be repurchased, plus any accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the fundamental change repurchase date. We must repurchase the notes on a date of our choosing, which we refer to as the "fundamental change repurchase date." However, the fundamental change repurchase date must be no later than 30 trading days, and no earlier than 20 trading days, after the date we have mailed a notice of the fundamental change, as described below. The fundamental change repurchase date also cannot be before the date on which the fundamental change occurs. In certain circumstances as described below, we will also pay, in addition to the principal amount and accrued and unpaid interest, a "make-whole premium" (as defined in the indenture) to holders who require us to repurchase their notes in connection with certain fundamental changes that occur before November 1, 2009.
Within 15 days after the occurrence of a fundamental change, we must mail to all holders of notes at their addresses shown on the register of the registrar, and to beneficial owners as required by applicable law, a notice regarding the fundamental change. The notice must state, among other things:
To exercise the repurchase right, a holder must deliver a written notice to the paying agent no later than the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the fundamental change repurchase date. This written notice must state:
For a discussion of certain tax consequences to a holder upon the exercise of the repurchase right, including, if applicable, the receipt of a make-whole premium, see "Material US federal tax
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considerationsUS holdersSale, redemption or exchange of notes" and "Material US federal tax considerationsNon-US holdersSale or exchange of the notes or common stock."
A holder may withdraw any fundamental change repurchase notice by delivering to the paying agent a written notice of withdrawal prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the fundamental change repurchase date. The notice of withdrawal must state:
If the notes are not in certificated form, the above notices must comply with appropriate DTC procedures.
To receive payment of the fundamental change repurchase price and any applicable make-whole premium for a note for which the holder has delivered and not withdrawn a fundamental change repurchase notice, the holder must deliver the note, together with necessary endorsements, to the paying agent at any time after delivery of the fundamental change repurchase notice. We will pay the fundamental change repurchase price and any applicable make-whole premium for the note as soon as practicable but in no event more than three business days after the later of the fundamental change repurchase date and the time of delivery of the note, together with necessary endorsements.
If the paying agent holds on the fundamental change repurchase date money sufficient to pay the fundamental change repurchase price, and consideration sufficient to pay any applicable make-whole premium, due on a note in accordance with the terms of the indenture, then, on and after the fundamental change repurchase date, the note will cease to be outstanding and interest on such note will cease to accrue, whether or not the holder delivers the note to the paying agent. Thereafter, all other rights of the holder terminate, other than the right to receive the fundamental change repurchase price and any applicable make-whole premium upon delivery of the note.
A "fundamental change" generally will be deemed to occur upon the occurrence of a "change in control" or a "termination of trading."
A "change in control" generally will be deemed to occur at such time as:
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However, a merger or consolidation will not be deemed to constitute a "change in control" if:
A "termination of trading" is deemed to occur if our common stock (or other common stock into which the notes are then convertible) is neither listed for trading on a US national securities exchange nor approved for trading on an established automated over-the-counter trading market in the United States. A "termination of trading" will not be deemed to have occurred solely by reason of our having engaged in a qualifying foreign merger, so long as, immediately after such merger, the holders will have the right to convert their notes solely into common stock or American Depositary Shares representing such common stock traded on a US national securities exchange or quoted on the Nasdaq National Market, until such time as the common stock or American Depositary Shares on such common stock into which the notes are solely convertible are no longer so traded or quoted.
We may not have the financial resources, and we may not be able to arrange for financing, to pay the fundamental change repurchase price and any applicable make-whole premium for all notes holders have elected to have us repurchase. Furthermore, certain financial covenants contained in future indebtedness may limit our ability to pay the fundamental change repurchase price to repurchase notes. See "Risk factorsWe may not have the ability to raise the funds to purchase the notes on the purchase dates or upon a fundamental change or to pay the cash payment due upon conversion." Our failure to repurchase the notes when required would result in an event of default with respect to the notes.
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We may in the future enter into transactions, including recapitalizations, that would not constitute a fundamental change but that would increase our debt or otherwise adversely affect holders. The indenture for the notes does not restrict our or our subsidiaries' ability to incur indebtedness, including senior or secured indebtedness. Our incurrence of additional indebtedness could adversely affect our ability to service our indebtedness, including the notes.
In addition, the fundamental change repurchase feature of the notes would not necessarily afford holders of the notes protection in the event of highly leveraged or other transactions involving us that may adversely affect holders of the notes. Furthermore, the fundamental change repurchase feature of the notes may in certain circumstances deter or discourage a third party from acquiring us, even if the acquisition may be beneficial to you.
We will not repurchase any notes at the option of holders if there has occurred and is continuing an event of default with respect to the notes, other than a default in the payment of the fundamental change repurchase price with respect to the notes.
In connection with any fundamental change offer, we will, to the extent applicable:
Make-whole premium
If:
then we will pay, in addition to the fundamental change repurchase price described above, a make-whole premium to holders who elect to require us to repurchase their notes in connection with such a fundamental change. In addition, if a holder surrenders its notes for conversion at any time during the period that begins on, and includes, the 15th business day before the date we originally announce as the anticipated effective date of the fundamental change and ends on, and includes, the 15th business day after the actual effective date of the fundamental change, then the holder will receive:
See "Conversion rightsConversion upon the occurrence of certain fundamental changes."
The amount of the make-whole premium
The make-whole premium is equal to a specified percentage of the principal amount of the notes on which we must pay the make-whole premium. We will determine this percentage by reference to the table below, based on the date when the fundamental change becomes effective (the "effective date") and the "applicable price." If the fundamental change is a transaction or series of transactions as a result of which 50% or more of our common stock outstanding immediately before that fundamental change is exchanged for, converted into, acquired for, or constitutes solely the right to receive, solely
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cash, then the "applicable price" will be the cash amount paid per share of our common stock in such transaction or series of transactions. Otherwise, the "applicable price" will be the average of the "closing sale prices" (as defined in the indenture) per share of our common stock for the five consecutive trading days immediately preceding the effective date of the fundamental change. Our board of directors will make appropriate adjustments, in its good faith determination, to account for any adjustment to the conversion rate that becomes effective, or any event requiring an adjustment to the conversion rate where the ex date of the event occurs, at any time during those five consecutive trading days.
The following table sets forth the make-whole premium amounts as a percentage of the principal amount of the related notes. If an event occurs that requires an adjustment to the conversion rate, we will, on the date we must adjust the conversion rate, adjust each applicable price set forth in the first column of the table below by multiplying the applicable price in effect immediately before the adjustment by a fraction:
Make-whole premium upon certain fundamental changes
(% of principal amount)
The table set forth below does not give effect to the 3-for-2 stock split payable on March 31, 2005 to stockholders of record on March 17, 2005.
|
Effective date |
||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Applicable price |
November 2, 2004 |
November 1, 2005 |
November 1, 2006 |
November 1, 2007 |
November 1, 2008 |
November 1, 2009 |
|||||||
$13.34 | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | |
$20.00 | 21.9 | 20.0 | 17.9 | 14.9 | 10.3 | 0.0 | |||||||
$25.00 | 17.6 | 15.5 | 13.0 | 9.7 | 5.0 | 0.0 | |||||||
$30.00 | 14.4 | 12.3 | 9.8 | 6.6 | 2.6 | 0.0 | |||||||
$35.00 | 12.1 | 10.0 | 7.5 | 4.7 | 1.5 | 0.0 | |||||||
$40.00 | 10.2 | 8.2 | 6.0 | 3.5 | 0.9 | 0.0 | |||||||
$45.00 | 8.8 | 6.9 | 4.9 | 2.7 | 0.7 | 0.0 | |||||||
$50.00 | 7.6 | 5.8 | 4.0 | 2.1 | 0.5 | 0.0 | |||||||
$55.00 | 6.6 | 5.0 | 3.3 | 1.7 | 0.4 | 0.0 | |||||||
$60.00 | 5.8 | 4.3 | 2.8 | 1.4 | 0.4 | 0.0 | |||||||
$65.00 | 5.1 | 3.7 | 2.4 | 1.2 | 0.3 | 0.0 | |||||||
$70.00 | 4.4 | 3.2 | 2.0 | 1.0 | 0.3 | 0.0 | |||||||
$75.00 | 3.9 | 2.8 | 1.7 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0.0 | |||||||
$80.00 | 3.4 | 2.4 | 1.5 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 0.0 | |||||||
$85.00 | 3.0 | 2.1 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.0 | |||||||
$90.00 | 2.6 | 1.8 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.0 | |||||||
$95.00 | 2.3 | 1.5 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.0 | |||||||
$100.00 | 2.0 | 1.3 | 0.7 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
The exact applicable price and effective date may not be as set forth in the table above, in which case:
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The consideration in which we will pay the make-whole premium
We will pay the make-whole premium solely in the same form of consideration which our common stock is exchanged for, converted into, acquired for, or constitutes solely the right to receive, as a result of the transaction or transactions constituting the fundamental change, assuming that the holder of those shares would not have exercised any rights of election that the holder would have had as a holder of common stock to select a particular type of consideration. We will calculate the value of the consideration to be delivered in respect of the make-whole premium as follows:
However, if we are legally or otherwise unable to pay the make-whole premium to a holder in such form of consideration, then we will pay the entire make-whole premium to that holder in cash. In addition, if any of the consideration consists of securities, then our board of directors will make appropriate adjustments, in its good faith determination, to account for certain events that would require an adjustment to the conversion rate if those securities were our common stock.
No later than the open of business on the fundamental change repurchase date, we will publicly announce, through a reputable national newswire service, and publish on our website, the type of the consideration in which we will pay the make-whole premium and the amount of such consideration, including how we have calculated that amount.
RANKING
The notes are our unsecured senior obligations and rank equally with all our other unsecured senior indebtedness. However, the notes are effectively subordinated to any of our existing and future secured indebtedness, to the extent of the assets securing such indebtedness. The notes are also be effectively subordinated to all liabilities, including trade payables and lease obligations, if any, of our subsidiaries. Any right by us to receive the assets of any of our subsidiaries upon its liquidation or reorganization, and the consequent right of the holders of the notes to participate in these assets, will be effectively subordinated to the claims of that subsidiary's creditors, except to the extent that we are recognized as a creditor of such subsidiary, in which case our claims would still be subordinated to any security interests in the assets of such subsidiary and any indebtedness of such subsidiary that is senior to that held by us.
In addition, we are a holding company, and substantially all of our operations are conducted through our subsidiaries. However, the notes are exclusively our obligations. Our subsidiaries are separate and distinct legal entities and have no obligation, contingent or otherwise, to pay any amounts
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due on the notes or to make any funds available for payment on the notes, whether by dividends, loans or other payments. In addition, the payment of dividends and the making of loans and advances to us by our subsidiaries may be subject to statutory, contractual or other restrictions, may depend on the earnings or financial condition of those subsidiaries and are subject to various business considerations. As a result, we may be unable to gain access to the cash flow or assets of our subsidiaries.
The indenture does not limit the amount of additional indebtedness, including senior or secured indebtedness, which we can create, incur, assume or guarantee, nor does the indenture limit the amount of indebtedness or other liabilities that our subsidiaries can create, incur, assume or guarantee.
CONSOLIDATION, MERGER AND SALE OF ASSETS
The indenture prohibits us from consolidating with or merging with or into, or selling, transferring, leasing, conveying or otherwise disposing of all or substantially all of our property or assets to, another person, whether in a single transaction or series of related transactions, unless, among other things:
When the successor assumes all of our obligations under the indenture, our obligations under the indenture will terminate. However, our obligations under the indenture will not terminate if the transaction is a lease by us of all or substantially all of our property or assets to another person.
Some of the transactions described above could constitute a fundamental change that permits holders to require us to repurchase notes as described in "Holders may require us to repurchase their notes upon a fundamental change."
There is no precise, established definition of the phrase "all or substantially all of our property or assets" under applicable law. Accordingly, there may be uncertainty as to whether the provisions above
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would apply to a sale, transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition of less than all of our property or assets.
EVENTS OF DEFAULT
The following are events of default under the indenture for the notes:
If an event of default, other than an event of default referred to in the last bullet point above with respect to us (but including an event of default referred to in that bullet point solely with respect to a significant subsidiary, or group of subsidiaries that in the aggregate would constitute a significant subsidiary, of ours), has occurred and is continuing, either the trustee, by notice to us, or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the notes then outstanding, by notice to us and the trustee, may declare the principal of, and any accrued and unpaid interest, including additional interest, if any, and any premium on, all notes to be immediately due and payable. In the case of an event of default referred to in the last bullet point above with respect to us (and not solely with respect to a significant subsidiary, or group of subsidiaries that in the aggregate would constitute a significant subsidiary, of ours), the principal of, and accrued and unpaid interest, including additional interest, if any, and any premium on, all notes will automatically become immediately due and payable.
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After any such acceleration, the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the notes, by written notice to the trustee, may rescind or annul such acceleration in certain circumstances, if:
The indenture does not obligate the trustee to exercise any of its rights or powers at the request or demand of the holders, unless the holders have offered to the trustee security or indemnity that is reasonably satisfactory to the trustee against the costs, expenses and liabilities that the trustee may incur to comply with the request or demand. Subject to the indenture, applicable law and the trustee's rights to indemnification, the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding notes will have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on the trustee.
No holder will have any right to institute any proceeding under the indenture, or for the appointment of a receiver or a trustee, or for any other remedy under the indenture, unless:
However, the above limitations do not apply to:
Except as provided in the indenture, the holders of a majority of the aggregate principal amount of outstanding notes may, by notice to the trustee, waive any past default or event of default and its consequences, other than a default or event of default:
We will promptly notify the trustee if a default or event of default occurs. In addition, the indenture requires us to furnish to the trustee, on an annual basis, a statement by our officers stating whether they are aware of any default or event of default by us in performing any of our obligations under the indenture or the notes and describing any such default or event of default. If a default or event of default has occurred and the trustee has received notice of the default or event of default in accordance with the indenture, the trustee must mail to each holder a notice of the default or event of default within 30 days after it occurs. However, the trustee need not mail the notice if the default or event of default:
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MODIFICATION AND WAIVER
We may amend or supplement the indenture or the notes with the consent of the trustee and holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding notes. In addition, subject to certain exceptions, the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding notes may waive our compliance with any provision of the indenture or notes. However, without the consent of the holders of each outstanding note affected, no amendment, supplement or waiver may:
We may, with the trustee's consent, amend or supplement the indenture or the notes without notice to or the consent of any holder of the notes to:
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In addition, we and the trustee may enter into a supplemental indenture without the consent of holders of the notes in order to cure any ambiguity, defect, omission or inconsistency in the indenture in a manner that does not adversely affect the rights of any holder.
Except as provided in the indenture, the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding notes, by notice to the trustee, generally may:
DISCHARGE
We may generally satisfy and discharge our obligations under the indenture by:
In addition, in the case of a deposit, there must not exist a default or event of default on the date we make the deposit, and the deposit must not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, the indenture or any other agreement or instrument to which we are a party or by which we are bound.
CALCULATIONS IN RESPECT OF NOTES
We and our agents are responsible for making all calculations called for under the indenture and notes. These calculations include, but are not limited to, determination of the trading price of the notes, the current market price of our common stock, the number of shares, if any, issuable upon conversion of the notes, the amount of make-whole premium, if any, and amounts of interest and additional interest payable on the notes. We and our agents will make all of these calculations in good faith, and, absent manifest error, these calculations will be final and binding on all holders of notes. We will provide a copy of these calculations to the trustee, as required, and, absent manifest error, the trustee is entitled to rely on the accuracy of our calculations without independent verification.
RULE 144A INFORMATION
If at any time we are not subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, we will promptly furnish to the holders, beneficial owners and prospective purchasers of the notes or underlying shares of common stock, upon their request, the information required to be delivered pursuant to Rule 144A(d)(4) under the Securities Act of 1933 to facilitate the resale of those notes or shares pursuant to Rule 144A.
REPORTS TO TRUSTEE
We will regularly furnish to the trustee copies of our annual report to stockholders, containing audited financial statements, and any other financial reports which we furnish to our stockholders.
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UNCLAIMED MONEY
If money deposited with the trustee or paying agent for the payment of principal of, premium, if any, or accrued and unpaid interest or additional interest on, the notes remains unclaimed for two years, the trustee and paying agent will pay the money back to us upon our written request. However, the trustee and paying agent have the right to withhold paying the money back to us until they publish in a newspaper of general circulation in the City of New York, or mail to each holder, a notice stating that the money will be paid back to us if unclaimed after a date no less than 30 days from the publication or mailing. After the trustee or paying agent pays the money back to us, holders of notes entitled to the money must look to us for payment as general creditors, subject to applicable law, and all liability of the trustee and the paying agent with respect to the money will cease.
PURCHASE AND CANCELLATION
The registrar, paying agent and conversion agent will forward to the trustee any notes surrendered to them for transfer, exchange, payment or conversion, and the trustee will promptly cancel those notes in accordance with its customary procedures. We will not issue new notes to replace notes that we have paid or delivered to the trustee for cancellation or that any holder has converted.
We may, to the extent permitted by law, purchase notes in the open market or by tender offer at any price or by private agreement. We may, at our option and to the extent permitted by law, reissue, resell or surrender to the trustee for cancellation any notes we purchase in this manner. Notes surrendered to the trustee for cancellation may not be reissued or resold and will be promptly cancelled.
REPLACEMENT OF NOTES
We will replace mutilated, lost, destroyed or stolen notes at the holder's expense upon delivery to the trustee of the mutilated notes or evidence of the loss, destruction or theft of the notes satisfactory to the trustee and us. In the case of a lost, destroyed or stolen note, we or trustee may require, at the expense of the holder, indemnity reasonably satisfactory to us and the trustee.
TRUSTEE AND TRANSFER AGENT
The trustee for the notes is LaSalle Bank National Association, and we have appointed the trustee as the paying agent, bid solicitation agent, registrar, conversion agent and custodian with regard to the notes. The indenture permits the trustee to deal with us and any of our affiliates with the same rights the trustee would have if it were not trustee. However, under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, if the trustee acquires any conflicting interest and there exists a default with respect to the notes, the trustee must eliminate the conflict or resign. LaSalle Bank National Association and its affiliates have in the past provided and may from time to time in the future provide banking and other services to us in the ordinary course of their business.
The holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the notes then outstanding have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the trustee, subject to certain exceptions. If an event of default occurs and is continuing, the trustee must exercise its rights and powers under the indenture using the same degree of care and skill as a prudent person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of his or her own affairs. The indenture does not obligate the trustee to exercise any of its rights or powers at the request or demand of the holders, unless the holders have offered to the trustee security or indemnity that is reasonably satisfactory to the trustee against the costs, expenses and liabilities that the trustee may incur to comply with the request or demand.
The transfer agent for our common stock is U.S. Stock Transfer Corporation.
LISTING AND TRADING
We do not intend to list the notes on any automated quotation system or any national securities exchange. Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq National Market under the ticker symbol "OPTN."
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FORM, DENOMINATION AND REGISTRATION OF NOTES
General
The notes are issued in registered form, without interest coupons, in denominations of integral multiples of $1,000 principal amount, in the form of global securities, as further provided below. See "Global securities" below for more information. The trustee need not:
See "Global securities," "Certificated securities" and "Transfer restrictions" for a description of additional transfer restrictions that apply to the notes.
We will not impose a service charge in connection with any transfer or exchange of any note, but we may in general require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any transfer tax or similar governmental charge imposed in connection with the transfer or exchange.
Global securities
We issued the notes in the form of two permanent global notes in definitive, fully registered, book-entry form. The two global notes are deposited with the trustee as custodian for The Depository Trust Company, or DTC, and registered in the name of DTC or a nominee of DTC.
Investors who are qualified institutional buyers and who purchase notes in reliance on Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933 may hold their interests in a Rule 144A global security directly through DTC, if they are DTC participants, or indirectly through organizations that are DTC participants.
Except in the limited circumstances described below and in "Certificated securities," holders of notes will not be entitled to receive notes in certificated form. Unless and until it is exchanged in whole or in part for certificated securities, each global security may not be transferred except as a whole by DTC to a nominee of DTC or by a nominee of DTC to DTC or another nominee of DTC.
We will apply to DTC for acceptance of the global securities in its book-entry settlement system. The custodian and DTC will electronically record the principal amount of notes represented by global securities held within DTC. Beneficial interests in the global securities will be shown on records maintained by DTC and its direct and indirect participants. So long as DTC or its nominee is the registered owner or holder of a global security, DTC or such nominee will be considered the sole owner or holder of the notes represented by such global security for all purposes under the indenture, the notes and the registration rights agreement. No owner of a beneficial interest in a global security will be able to transfer such interest except in accordance with DTC's applicable procedures and the applicable procedures of its direct and indirect participants. The laws of some jurisdictions may require that certain purchasers of securities take physical delivery of such securities in definitive form. These limitations and requirements may impair the ability to transfer or pledge beneficial interests in a global security.
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Payments of principal, premium, if any, and interest under each global security will be made to DTC or its nominee as the registered owner of such global security. We expect that DTC or its nominee, upon receipt of any such payment, will immediately credit DTC participants' accounts with payments proportional to their respective beneficial interests in the principal amount of the relevant global security as shown on the records of DTC. We also expect that payments by DTC participants to owners of beneficial interests will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices, as is now the case with securities held for the accounts of customers registered in the names of nominees for such customers. Such payments will be the responsibility of such participants, and none of us, the trustee, the custodian or any paying agent or registrar will have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or payments made on account of beneficial interests in any global security or for maintaining or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial interests.
DTC has advised us that it is a limited-purpose trust company organized under the New York Banking Law, a "banking organization" within the meaning of the New York Banking Law, a member of the Federal Reserve System, a "clearing corporation" within the meaning of the New York Uniform Commercial Code and a "clearing agency" registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. DTC was created to hold the securities of its participants and to facilitate the clearance and settlement of securities transactions among its participants in such securities through electronic book-entry changes in accounts of the participants, which eliminates the need for physical movement of securities certificates. DTC's participants include securities brokers and dealers (including the initial purchasers), banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and certain other organizations, some of whom (and/or their representatives) own the depository. Access to DTC's book-entry system is also available to others, such as banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies, that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a participant, either directly or indirectly. The ownership interest and transfer of ownership interests of each beneficial owner or purchaser of each security held by or on behalf of DTC are recorded on the records of the direct and indirect participants.
Certificated securities
The trustee will exchange each beneficial interest in a global security for one or more certificated securities registered in the name of the owner of the beneficial interest, as identified by DTC, only if:
Same-day settlement and payment
We will make payments in respect of the notes by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the accounts specified by holders of the notes. If a holder of a certificated note does not specify an account, we will mail a check to that holder's registered address.
We expect the notes will trade in DTC's Same-Day Funds Settlement System, and DTC will require all permitted secondary market trading activity in the notes to be settled in immediately available funds. We expect that secondary trading in any certificated securities will also be settled in immediately available funds.
Transfers between participants in DTC will be effected in the ordinary way in accordance with DTC rules and will be settled in same-day funds.
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We have obtained the information we describe above concerning DTC and its book-entry system from sources that we believe to be reliable, but neither we nor the initial purchasers take any responsibility for the accuracy of this information.
Although DTC has agreed to the above procedures to facilitate transfers of interests in the global securities among DTC participants, DTC is under no obligation to perform or to continue those procedures, and those procedures may be discontinued at any time. None of us, the initial purchasers or the trustee will have any responsibility for the performance by DTC or its direct or indirect participants of their respective obligations under the rules and procedures governing their operations.
REGISTRATION RIGHTS, ADDITIONAL INTEREST
We and the initial purchasers entered into a registration rights agreement dated November 2, 2004. Pursuant to the registration rights agreement, we agreed:
However, the registration rights agreement permits us to prohibit offers and sales of registrable securities pursuant to the shelf registration statement for a period not to exceed an aggregate of 45 days in any three-month period and not to exceed an aggregate of 90 days in any 12-month period, under certain circumstances and subject to certain conditions. We refer to any period during which we may prohibit offers and sales as a "suspension period."
"Registrable securities" generally means each note and each share of common stock issuable upon conversion of the notes until the earlier of:
Holders of registrable securities must deliver certain information to be used in connection with, and to be named as selling securityholders in, the shelf registration statement in order to have their registrable securities included in the shelf registration statement. Any holder that does not complete and deliver a questionnaire or provide the information it requires will not be named as a selling securityholder in the shelf registration statement, will not be permitted to sell any registrable securities held by that holder pursuant to the shelf registration statement and will not be entitled to receive any of the additional interest described in the following paragraph. We cannot assure you that we will be able to maintain an effective and current shelf registration statement as required. The absence of an effective shelf registration statement may limit a holder's ability to sell its registrable securities or may adversely affect the price at which it may sell its registrable securities.
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If:
then we will pay additional interest to each holder of registrable securities who has provided to us the required selling securityholder information (or, in the case of the third or fifth bullet points above, the applicable holder or holders). We refer to each event described in the bullet points above as a "registration default."
The additional interest we must pay while there is a continuing registration default accrues at a rate per year equal to 0.25% for the 90-day period beginning on, and including, the date of the registration default, and thereafter at a rate per year equal to 0.50%, of the aggregate principal amount of the applicable notes.
We will not pay any additional interest on any note after it has been converted into cash and, if applicable, shares of our common stock. If a note ceases to be outstanding during a registration default, we will prorate the additional interest to be paid with respect to that note.
So long as a registration default continues, we will pay additional interest in cash on May 1 and November 1 of each year to each holder who is entitled to receive additional interest in respect of a note of which the holder was the holder of record at the close of business on the immediately preceding April 15 and October 15, respectively. If we call a note for redemption, purchase a note pursuant to a purchase at the holder's option or repurchase a note upon a fundamental change, and the redemption date, purchase date or fundamental change repurchase date is after the close of business on a record date and before the related additional interest payment date, we will instead pay the additional interest to the holder that submitted the note for redemption, purchase or repurchase.
Following the cure of a registration default, additional interest will cease to accrue with respect to that registration default. In addition, no additional interest will accrue after the period we must keep the shelf registration statement effective under the Securities Act of 1933 or on any security that ceases to be a registrable security. However, we will remain liable for any previously accrued additional interest.
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We agreed in the registration rights agreement to give notice to all holders of the filing and effectiveness of the initial shelf registration statement by release through a reputable national newswire service. A holder of registrable securities that does not provide us with a completed questionnaire or the information called for by it on or before the fifth business day before effectiveness of the initial shelf registration statement will not be named as a selling securityholder in the shelf registration statement when it becomes effective and will not able to use the shelf registration statement to resell registrable securities. However, such a holder of registrable securities may thereafter provide us with a completed questionnaire, following which we will, as promptly as reasonably practicable after the date we receive the completed questionnaire, but in any event within 30 calendar days after that date (subject to certain exceptions, including no more frequently than once every calander quarter), file a supplement to the prospectus relating to the shelf registration statement or, if required, file a post-effective amendment or a new shelf registration statement in order to permit resales of such holder's registrable securities. If we file a post-effective amendment or a new registration statement, then we will use our reasonable best efforts to cause the post-effective amendment or new registration statement to become effective under the Securities Act of 1933 as promptly as reasonably practicable, but in any event by the 60th day after the date the registration rights agreement requires us to file the post-effective amendment or new registration statement (subject to certain exceptions). However, if a post-effective amendment or a new registration statement is required in order to permit resales by holders seeking to include registrable securities in the shelf registration statement after the effectiveness of the original shelf registration statement, we will not be required to file more than one post-effective amendment or new registration statement for such purpose in any calendar quarter.
We understand that the SEC may not permit selling securityholders to be added to the shelf registration statement after it is declared effective by means of a supplement to the related prospectus. Accordingly, if a holder does not deliver a completed questionnaire at least five business days prior to effectiveness of the original shelf registration statement and the holder then requests its registrable securities to be included in the shelf registration statement, the holder could experience significant additional delay because we may be required to file a post-effective amendment or a new registration statement before the holder will be able to resell registrable securities pursuant to the shelf registration statement or the new shelf registration statement.
To the extent that any holder of registrable securities is deemed to be an "underwriter" within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, the holder may be subject to certain liabilities under the federal securities laws for misstatements and omissions contained in a registration statement and any related prospectus. To the extent that any holder of registrable securities identified in the shelf registration statement is a broker-dealer, or is an affiliate of a broker-dealer that did not acquire its registrable securities in the ordinary course of its business or that at the time of its purchase of registrable securities had an agreement or understanding, directly or indirectly, with any person to distribute the registrable securities, we understand that the SEC may take the view that such holder is, under the SEC's interpretations, an "underwriter" within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933.
The above summary of certain provisions of the registration rights agreement does not purport to be complete and is subject, and is qualified in its entirety by reference, to the provisions of the registration rights agreement. Copies of the registration rights agreement are available from us or the trustee upon request.
GOVERNING LAW
The indenture, the notes and the registration rights agreement will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to such state's conflicts of laws principles.
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The following description of our capital stock summarizes general terms and provisions that apply to the capital stock. Since this is only a summary it does not contain all of the information that may be important to you. The summary is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, which are on file with the SEC. See "Where you can find more information."
GENERAL
Our certificate of incorporation provides us with the authority to issue 60,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per share, and 30,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share. As of March 21, 2005, there were 21,476,879 shares of our common stock outstanding, and no shares of our preferred stock were outstanding.
OUR COMMON STOCK
Dividends. Each share of our common stock is entitled to dividends if, as and when dividends are declared by our board of directors and paid. Under Delaware corporate law, we may declare and pay dividends only out of our surplus, or in case there is no such surplus, out of our net profits for the fiscal year in which the dividend is declared and/or the preceding year. We may not declare dividends, however, if our capital has been diminished by depreciation, losses or otherwise to an amount less than the aggregate amount of capital represented by any issued and outstanding stock having a preference on distribution. We will pay any dividend so declared and payable in cash, capital stock or other property equally, share for share, on our common stock.
Voting Rights. Each share of our common stock is entitled to one vote on all matters.
Liquidation Rights. In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of the shares of our common stock are entitled to share equally, share for share, in the assets available for distribution, subject to any liquidation preference on any outstanding shares of our preferred stock.
Other. No stockholder of our common stock has preemptive or other rights to subscribe for additional shares of our common stock.
OUR PREFERRED STOCK
We will issue our preferred stock from time to time in one or more series as determined by our board of directors. Our board of directors is authorized to issue the shares of our preferred stock in one or more series and to fix the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions thereof, including dividend rights, dividend rates, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, redemption prices, liquidation preferences and the number of shares constituting any series or the designation of such series, without further vote or action by the stockholders. The issuance of our preferred stock may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of our company without further action by the stockholders and may adversely affect the voting and other rights of the holders of our common stock, including the loss of voting control to others.
ANTI-TAKEOVER EFFECT OF OUR CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION AND BYLAWS
Election of the Board of Directors. Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws provide that our board of directors is divided into three classes of directors, with the classes as nearly equal in number as possible. As a result, approximately one-third of our board of directors is elected each year. This classification of the board of directors will make it more difficult for an acquirer or for other stockholders to change the composition of our board of directors. Our certificate of incorporation also provides that a director may be removed only for cause by vote of the holders of a majority of the
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voting power of our outstanding voting shares. In addition, the bylaws provide that any vacancies in our board of directors will be filled by our board of directors. If the remaining directors do not constitute a quorum, our bylaws permit the vacancy to be filled by the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining directors, though less than a quorum.
Stockholder Advance Notice Procedure. Our bylaws establish an advance notice procedure for stockholders to make nominations of candidates for election as directors or to bring other business before an annual meeting of the stockholders. The stockholder notice procedure provides that only persons who are nominated by the board of directors, or a duly authorized board committee, or by a stockholder who has given timely written notice to the secretary of our company before the meeting at which directors are to be elected, will be eligible for election as directors. This notice is required to include specified information about the stockholder and each proposed director nominee and information regarding each proposed nominee that would be required to be included in a proxy statement filed under SEC Rules and Regulations. The stockholder notice procedure provides that the only business that may be conducted at an annual meeting is business which has been brought before the meeting by, or at the direction of, the board of directors or by a stockholder who has given timely written notice to the secretary of our company. This notice is required to include a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the meeting and specified information about the stockholder and the stockholder's ownership of our capital stock.
DELAWARE ANTI-TAKEOVER LAW
As a Delaware corporation, we are subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law. Section 203 provides that, in general and subject to the exceptions specified in that section, a corporation may not engage in any business combination with any interested stockholder, as defined, for a three-year period following the time that such stockholder became an interested stockholder unless:
Subject to exceptions specified in Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, an "interested stockholder" is defined, in general, to include:
Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law may make it more difficult for a person who would be an interested stockholder to effect various business combinations with us.
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MATERIAL US FEDERAL TAX CONSIDERATIONS
The following is a general discussion of the material US federal income and, in the case of non-US holders (as defined below), estate tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of the notes and common stock into which the notes are converted. This summary is limited to holders that purchased notes in the offering at the "issue price" as defined in Section 1273 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code") and hold the notes and the shares of common stock as "capital assets" (generally, property held for investment) for US federal income tax purposes. This discussion does not describe all of the US federal income tax consequences that may be relevant to a holder in light of its particular circumstances or to holders subject to special rules, including, without limitation, tax-exempt organizations, holders subject to the US federal alternative minimum tax, dealers in securities or currencies, financial institutions, insurance companies, regulated investment companies, certain former citizens or residents of the United States, partnerships, S corporations or other pass-through entities, US holders (as defined below) whose "functional currency" is not the US dollar and persons that hold the notes or shares of common stock in connection with a "straddle," "hedging," "conversion" or other risk reduction transaction. This discussion does not describe the tax consequences to a holder that could arise upon a subsequent transaction involving the company, including, for example, a merger with and into a foreign entity.
The US federal tax considerations set forth below are based upon the Code, Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder, court decisions, and rulings and pronouncements of the Internal Revenue Service, referred to as the "IRS," all as in effect on the date hereof and all of which are subject to change, possibly on a retroactive basis. We have not sought any ruling from the IRS with respect to statements made and conclusions reached in this discussion, and there can be no assurance that the IRS will agree with such statements and conclusions.
As used herein, the term "US holder" means a beneficial owner of a note (or our common stock acquired upon conversion of a note) that is for US federal tax purposes:
As used herein, the term "non-US holder" means a beneficial owner of a note (or our common stock acquired upon conversion of a note) that is neither a US holder nor a partnership or an entity treated as a partnership for US federal income tax purposes.
If a partnership (including any entity treated as a partnership for US federal income tax purposes) is a beneficial owner of a note (or our common stock acquired upon conversion of a note), the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership generally will depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. A beneficial owner that is a partnership and partners in such a partnership should consult their own tax advisors about the US federal income and other tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of the notes (or our common stock acquired upon conversion of a note).
This discussion does not address the tax consequences arising under any state, local or foreign law. Furthermore, this summary does not consider the effect of the US federal estate or gift tax laws, except as set forth below with respect to certain US federal estate tax consequences to non-US holders.
Investors considering the purchase of notes should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the application of the US federal income tax laws to their particular situations as well as any tax consequences arising under the US federal estate or gift tax laws or under the laws of any state, local or foreign taxing jurisdiction or under any applicable tax treaty.
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Payments of interest
Subject to the discussion below under "Additional amounts," a US holder will be required to recognize as ordinary interest income any interest (including additional interest, if any) received or accrued on the notes, in accordance with the holder's regular method of tax accounting.
Additional amounts
Under Treasury regulations relating to "contingent payment debt instruments," the possibility of an additional payment under a note may be disregarded for purposes of determining the amount of interest or original issue discount ("OID") income to be recognized by the holder in respect of such note (or the timing of such recognition) if the likelihood of the payment, as of the date the notes are issued, is remote or the amount of potential payments is incidental or certain other exceptions in the applicable Treasury regulations apply. In general, there are several types of additional payments that we could be required to make with respect to the notes. First, our failure to, among other things, file or cause to be declared effective a shelf registration statement as described under "Description of notesRegistration rights; Additional interest" may result in the payment of additional interest in the manner described in that section of this prospectus. Second, as described under "Description of notesConversion rightsConversion upon the occurrence of a fundamental change" and "Holders may require us to repurchase their notes upon a fundamental changeMake-whole premium," we must pay a "make-whole" payment in certain circumstances. Third, as described under "Description of notesConversion rightsPayment upon conversion," if there is an insufficient amount of available shares, we may make an additional cash payment to a holder upon conversion. We do not intend to treat the possibility of any such additional payments as affecting the amount of interest or OID to be recognized by the holder of a note or the timing or character of such recognition because we believe that the likelihood of any such payments is remote or that such payments are subject to other exceptions in the applicable Treasury regulation. Our determination in this regard is binding on holders of the notes, unless a holder discloses to the IRS, in the manner required by applicable Treasury regulations, that the holder is taking a different position. It is possible that the IRS may take a different position regarding the possibility of such additional payments, in which case, if the IRS' position were sustained, the timing, amount and character of income recognized with respect to a note may be substantially different than described herein and a holder may be required to recognize income significantly in excess of payments received, may recognize additional gain upon a conversion of the notes into our common stock and may be required to treat as interest income all or a portion of any gain recognized on the conversion or disposition of a note. This discussion assumes that the IRS will not take a different position, or, if it takes a different position, that such position will not be sustained. Prospective purchasers should consult their own tax advisors as to the tax considerations that relate to the possibility of additional payments.
Sale, redemption or exchange of notes
Subject to the discussion under "Conversion of the notes" below, a US holder generally will recognize capital gain or loss if the holder disposes of a note in a sale, redemption or exchange. The US holder's gain or loss will equal the difference between the proceeds received by the holder (other than proceeds attributable to accrued interest) and the holder's adjusted tax basis in the note. The proceeds received by a US holder will include the amount of any cash and the fair market value of any other property received for the note. The portion of any proceeds that is attributable to accrued interest will not be taken into account in computing the US holder's capital gain or loss. Instead, that portion will be recognized as ordinary interest income to the extent that the US holder has not previously included such accrued interest in income. The gain or loss recognized by a US holder on a disposition of the note will be long-term capital gain or loss if the holder held the note for more than
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one year. Long-term capital gains of noncorporate taxpayers are generally taxed at a lower maximum marginal tax rate than the maximum marginal tax rate generally applicable to ordinary income. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitation. The tax treatment of the receipt of any make-whole payment upon redemption of the notes (see "Description of notesHolders may require us to repurchase their notes upon a fundamental changeMake-whole premium") is unclear and US holders are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the tax treatment of any such payment.
Conversion of the notes
If a US holder converts the notes and receives a combination of cash and common stock (and such cash is not merely received in lieu of a fractional share of common stock), the tax treatment to the US holder is uncertain. The US holder may be required to recognize gain in an amount equal to the lesser of (1) the cash payment or (2) the excess of the fair market value of the common stock and cash payment received in the conversion over the US holder's adjusted tax basis in the note at the time of conversion. If such treatment applies, no loss would be recognized on the conversion. The US holder's tax basis in the common stock received would be the same as the US holder's tax basis in the note, increased by the amount of gain recognized, if any, and reduced by the amount of the cash payment. Cash received in lieu of a fractional share of common stock generally would be treated as a payment in exchange for the fractional share. Accordingly, the receipt of cash in lieu of a fractional share generally would result in capital gain or loss measured by the difference between the cash received for the fractional share and the US holder's adjusted tax basis in the fractional share.
Alternatively, the receipt of common stock and cash may be treated as a part conversion/part sale transaction. In such case, the cash payment would be treated as proceeds from a sale of a portion of the note, as described above under "Sale, redemption or exchange of notes," and common stock would be treated as received upon conversion of a portion of the note, as described above in the preceding paragraph. A US holder's tax basis in the note would be allocated pro rata between the common stock received (including any fractional share treated as received) and the portion of the note that is treated as sold for cash based upon the relative values of the common stock received and the cash payment. The holding period of the common stock received upon conversion should include the holding period of the note converted.
Other characterizations may also be possible. Prospective purchasers should consult their own tax advisors as to the tax treatment of the receipt of a combination of cash and common stock upon conversion.
Upon a conversion of a note where we deliver solely cash, such cash payment will be treated as a sale of the note by the US holder as described above under "Sale, redemption or exchange of notes."
The tax treatment of the receipt of any make-whole payment upon conversion of the notes (see "Description of notesConversion rightsConversion upon the occurrence of a fundamental change") is unclear and US holders are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the tax treatment of any such payment.
Dividends on common stock
If, after a US holder converts a note into our common stock, we make distributions on our common stock, the distributions will constitute dividends for US federal income tax purposes to the extent of our current or accumulated earnings and profits as determined under US federal income tax principles. Dividends received by individual US holders generally are subject to a reduced maximum tax rate through December 31, 2008. The rate reduction does not apply to dividends received in respect of short-term positions in the common stock or in certain other situations. To the extent that a US holder receives distributions on shares of common stock that would otherwise constitute dividends for US federal income tax purposes but that exceed our current and accumulated earnings and profits, such
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distributions will be treated first as a non-taxable return of capital, reducing the holder's tax basis in the shares of common stock. Any such distributions in excess of the US holder's basis in the shares of common stock generally will be treated as capital gain. Subject to applicable limitations, distributions on our common stock constituting dividends paid to holders that are US corporations will qualify for the dividends received deduction.
Adjustment of conversion rate
The conversion rate of the notes is subject to adjustment in certain circumstances (see "Description of notesConversion rights"). Certain adjustments to (or the failure to make such adjustments to) the conversion rate of the notes that increase the proportionate interest of a holder in our assets or earnings and profits may result in a taxable constructive distribution to the holders of the notes, whether or not the holders ever convert the notes. This generally would occur, for example, if the conversion rate is adjusted to compensate holders of notes for cash dividends on our common stock and could also occur in the case of other distributions of cash or property to our stockholders. Such constructive distribution will be treated as a dividend to the extent of our current or accumulated earnings and profits. As a result, US holders of notes could have taxable income as a result of an event pursuant to which they receive no cash or property. It is unclear whether any such constructive dividend would be eligible for the reduced rate of US federal income tax applicable to certain dividends received by individual holders or the dividends received deduction applicable to corporate holders. Generally, a US holder's tax basis in a note will be increased to the extent any such constructive distribution is treated as a dividend. Moreover, if there is an adjustment (or a failure to make an adjustment) to the conversion rate of the notes that increases the proportionate interest of the holders of outstanding common stock in our assets or earnings and profits, then such increase in the proportionate interest of the holders of the common stock generally will be treated as a constructive distribution to such holders, taxable as described above.
Sale of common stock
A US holder generally will recognize capital gain or loss on a sale or exchange of our common stock. The US holder's gain or loss will equal the difference between the proceeds received by the holder and the holder's tax basis in the common stock. The proceeds received by a US holder will include the amount of any cash and the fair market value of any other property received for the common stock. The gain or loss recognized by a US holder on a sale or exchange of common stock will be long-term capital gain or loss if the holder's holding period for the common stock (which should include the holding period for the note) is more than one year. Long-term capital gains of noncorporate taxpayers are generally taxed at a lower maximum marginal tax rate than the maximum marginal tax rate generally applicable to ordinary income. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitation.
Backup withholding and information reporting
Certain noncorporate US holders may be subject to IRS information reporting and backup withholding at the applicable rate (currently 28%) on payments of interest on the notes, dividends on common stock and proceeds from the sale or other disposition of the notes or common stock. Backup withholding will only be imposed where the noncorporate US holder:
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The amount of any backup withholding from a payment to a US holder will be allowed as a credit against the US holder's federal income tax liability and may entitle such holder to a refund, provided that the requisite procedures are followed and the required information is furnished to the IRS on a timely basis.
NON-US HOLDERS
Payments of interest
Subject to the discussion below under "Additional amounts," generally, any payments of interest on the notes (including additional interest, if any) to, or on behalf of, a non-US holder will not be subject to US federal income or withholding tax provided that such interest is not effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business within the United States by such non-US holder if:
To satisfy the certification requirements referred to above, either (i) the beneficial owner of a note must certify, under penalties of perjury, to us or our paying agent, as the case may be, that such owner is a non-US person and must provide such owner's name and address, and TIN, if any, or (ii) a securities clearing organization, bank or other financial institution that holds customer securities in the ordinary course of its trade or business, referred to as a "Financial Institution," and holds the note on behalf of the beneficial owner thereof must certify, under penalties of perjury, to us or our paying agent, as the case may be, that such certificate has been received from the beneficial owner and must furnish the payor with a copy thereof. Such requirement will be fulfilled if the beneficial owner of a note certifies on a properly executed IRS Form W-8BEN, under penalties of perjury, that it is a non-US person and provides its name and address or any Financial Institution holding the note on behalf of the beneficial owner files a statement with the withholding agent to the effect that it has received such a statement from the beneficial owner (and furnishes the withholding agent with a copy thereof). Special certification rules apply for notes held by foreign partnerships and other intermediaries.
If interest on the note is effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business in the United States by a non-US holder (and, if certain tax treaties apply, is attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by the non-US holder in the United States), the non-US holder, although exempt from US federal withholding tax (provided that the certification requirements discussed in the next sentence are met), generally will be subject to US federal income tax on such interest on a net income basis in the same manner as if it were a US holder. In order to claim an exemption from withholding tax, such a non-US holder will be required to provide us with a properly executed IRS Form W-8ECI certifying, under penalties of perjury, that the holder is a non-US person and the interest is effectively connected with the holder's conduct of a US trade or business and is includible in the holder's gross income. In addition, if such non-US holder engaged in a US trade or business is a foreign corporation, it may be subject to a branch profits tax equal to 30% (or such lower rate
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provided by an applicable treaty) of its effectively connected earnings and profits for the taxable year, subject to certain adjustments.
Interest on notes not effectively connected with a US trade or business and not excluded from US federal withholding tax will be subject to withholding at a 30% rate, except where a non-US holder can claim the benefits of an applicable tax treaty to reduce or eliminate such withholding tax and demonstrates such eligibility to us and the IRS.
Additional amounts
Under Treasury regulations relating to "contingent payment debt instruments," the possibility of an additional payment under a note may be disregarded for purposes of determining the amount of interest or original issue discount ("OID") income to be recognized by the holder in respect of such note (or the timing of such recognition) if the likelihood of the payment, as of the date the notes are issued, is remote or the amount of potential payments is incidental or certain other exceptions in the applicable Treasury regulations apply. In general, there are two types of additional payments that we could be required to make with respect to the notes. First, our failure to, among other things, file or cause to be declared effective a shelf registration statement as described under "Description of notesRegistration rights; Additional interest" may result in the payment of additional interest in the manner described in that section of this prospectus. Second, as described under "Description of notesConversion rightsConversion upon the occurrence of a fundamental change" and "Holders may require us to repurchase their notes upon a fundamental changeMake-whole premium," we must pay a "make-whole" payment in certain circumstances. Third, as described under "Description of notesConversion rightsPayment upon conversion," if there is an insufficient amount of available shares, we may make an additional cash payment to a holder upon conversion. We do not intend to treat the possibility of any such additional payments as affecting the amount of interest or OID to be recognized by the holder of a note or the timing or character of such recognition because we believe that the likelihood of any such payments is remote or that such payments are subject to other exceptions in the applicable Treasury regulations. Our determination in this regard is binding on holders of notes, unless a holder discloses to the IRS, in the manner required by applicable Treasury regulations, that the holder is taking a different position. It is possible that the IRS may take a different position regarding the possibility of such additional payments, in which case, if the IRS' position were sustained, the timing, amount and character of income recognized with respect to a note may be substantially different than described herein. Prospective purchasers should consult their own tax advisors as to the tax considerations that relate to the possibility of additional payments.
Conversion of the notes
A non-US holder generally will not be subject to US federal income or withholding tax on the conversion of a note into our common stock. To the extent a non-US holder receives cash, including cash in lieu of a fractional share of common stock, upon conversion, such cash may give rise to gain that would be subject to the rules described below with respect to the sale or exchange of a note or common stock. See "Sale or exchange of the notes or common stock" below. The tax treatment of the receipt of any make-whole payment upon conversion of the notes (see "Description of notesConversion rightsConversion upon the occurrence of a fundamental change") is unclear and non-US holders are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the tax treatment of any such payment.
Adjustment of conversion rate
The conversion rate of the notes is subject to adjustment in certain circumstances. Any such adjustment (or failure to make such adjustment) could, in certain circumstances, give rise to a deemed distribution to non-US holders of the notes or our common stock. See "US HoldersAdjustment of conversion rate" above. In such case, the deemed distribution would be subject to the rules discussed
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below regarding withholding of US federal tax on dividends in respect of common stock. See "Dividends on common stock" below. Because such a deemed distribution would not give rise to any cash from which any applicable withholding tax could be satisfied, we and other payors may withhold on certain other payments to a non-US holder, including payments of interest on the notes, to satisfy a withholding tax obligation with respect to a deemed distribution.
Sale or exchange of the notes or common stock
A non-US holder generally will not be subject to US federal income or withholding tax on gain realized on the sale or other taxable disposition (including a redemption) of a note or common stock received upon conversion thereof unless:
The tax treatment of the receipt of any make-whole payment upon redemption of the notes (see "Description of notesHolders may require us to repurchase their notes upon a fundamental changeMake-whole premium") is unclear and non-US holders are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the tax treatment of any such payment.
Dividends on common stock
If, after a non-US holder converts a note into common stock, we make distributions on our common stock, the distributions will constitute dividends for US federal income tax purposes to the extent of our current or accumulated earnings and profits as determined under US federal income tax principles. Except as described below, dividends paid on common stock held by a non-US holder will
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be subject to US federal withholding tax at a rate of 30% or lower treaty rate, if applicable. A non-US holder generally will be required to satisfy certain IRS certification requirements in order to claim a reduction of or exemption from withholding under a tax treaty by furnishing us with a properly executed IRS Form W-8BEN upon which the non-US holder certifies, under penalties of perjury, its status as a non-US person and its entitlement to the lower treaty rate with respect to such payments.
If dividends paid to a non-US holder are effectively connected with the conduct of a US trade or business by the non-US holder (and, if required by a tax treaty, the dividends are attributable to a permanent establishment maintained in the United States), we and other payors generally are not required to withhold tax from the dividends, provided that the non-US holder furnishes to us a properly executed IRS Form W-8ECI certifying, under penalties of perjury, that the holder is a non-US person, and the dividends are effectively connected with the holder's conduct of a US trade or business and are includible in the holder's gross income. Effectively connected dividends will be subject to US federal income tax on net income that applies to US persons generally (and, with respect to a non-US holder that is a foreign corporation, under certain circumstances, the 30% branch profits tax, as discussed above).
Backup withholding and information reporting
We must report annually to the IRS and to each non-US holder the amount of interest or dividends paid to that holder and the tax withheld, if any, from those payments of interest or dividends. These reporting requirements apply regardless of whether withholding was reduced or eliminated by any applicable tax treaty. Copies of the information returns reporting those payments of interest or dividends and withholding, if any, may also be made available to the tax authorities in the country in which the non-US holder is a resident under the provisions of an applicable income tax treaty or agreement. A non-US holder generally will not be subject to additional information reporting or to backup withholding at the applicable rate (currently 28%) with respect to payments of interest on the notes or dividends on common stock or to information reporting or backup withholding with respect to proceeds from the sale or other disposition of the notes or common stock to or through a US office of any broker, as long as the holder:
The payment of the proceeds from the sale or other disposition of the notes or common stock to or through a foreign office of a broker generally will not be subject to information reporting or backup withholding. However, a sale or disposition of the notes or common stock will be subject to information reporting, but not backup withholding, if it is to or through a foreign office of a US broker or a non-US broker with certain enumerated connections with the United States unless the documentation requirements described above are met or the holder otherwise establishes an exemption.
Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules from a payment to a non-US holder will be allowed as a credit against such holder's US federal income tax liability, if any, or will otherwise be refundable, provided that the requisite procedures are followed and the proper information is filed with the IRS on a timely basis. Non-US holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding their qualification for exemption from backup withholding and the procedure for obtaining such an exemption, if applicable.
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US estate tax
Notes owned or treated as owned by an individual who is not a citizen or resident (as specifically defined for US federal estate tax purposes) of the United States at the time of death, referred to as a "nonresident decedent," will not be includible in the nonresident decedent's gross estate for US federal estate tax purposes, provided that, at the time of death, the nonresident decedent does not own, actually or by attribution, 10% or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of our stock entitled to vote and payments with respect to such notes would not have been effectively connected with the conduct of a US trade or business by the nonresident decedent. Common stock owned or treated as owned by a nonresident decedent at the time of death will be includible in the nonresident decedent's gross estate for US federal estate tax purposes. Subject to applicable treaty limitations, if any, a nonresident decedent's estate may be subject to US federal estate tax on property includible in the estate for US federal estate tax purposes.
The preceding discussion of material US federal income and estate tax consequences is for general information only and is not tax advice. Accordingly, you should consult your own tax advisor as to particular tax consequences to you of purchasing, holding and disposing of the notes and our common stock, including the applicability and effect of any state, local or foreign tax laws, and of any proposed changes in applicable laws.
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We initially issued the notes to the initial purchasers who then sold the notes in transactions exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act to "qualified institutional buyers" (as defined in Rule 144A under the Securities Act). The selling securityholders (which term includes their transferees, pledgees, donees or their successors) may from time to time offer and sell pursuant to this prospectus or prospectus supplement any or all of the notes and common stock issuable upon conversion of the notes or upon payment of the make-whole premium in connection with a fundamental change.
No offer or sale under this prospectus may be made by a holder of the securities unless that holder is listed in the table in this prospectus or until that holder has notified us and a supplement to this prospectus has been filed or an amendment to this registration statement has become effective. We will supplement or amend this prospectus to include additional selling securityholders in accordance with the procedures set forth in the registration rights agreement that we entered into in connection with our initial issuance of the notes and upon provision of all required information to us. Information concerning the selling securityholders may change from time to time and any changed information will be set forth in supplements to this prospectus if and when necessary.
The following table sets forth information about each selling securityholder, including the name, the number and percentage of the notes beneficially owned and being offered by the selling securityholder and the number and percentage of common stock beneficially owned and being offered by the selling securityholder. Unless otherwise indicated below, to our knowledge, none of the selling securityholders nor
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any of their affiliates, officers, directors or principal entity holders has held any position or office or has had any material relationship with us within the past three years.
Name of Selling Securityholder(1) |
Principal Amount of Notes Beneficially Owned and Offered hereby |
Percentage of Notes Outstanding |
Number of shares of Common Stock Beneficially Owned and Offered Hereby |
Percentage of Common Stock Outstanding(2) |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Argent Classic Convertible Arbitrage Fund L.P.(3) | 470,000 | ** | * | ** | |||||
Argent Classic Convertible Arbitrage Fund II, L.P.(3) | 90,000 | ** | * | ** | |||||
Argent Classic Convertible Arbitrage Fund (Bermuda) Ltd.(4) | 2,240,000 | 2.60% | * | ** | |||||
BNP Paribas Equity Strategies, SNC(5)(6) | 2,329,000 | 2.70% | * | ** | |||||
CC Convertible Arbitrage, Ltd.(5)(7) | 3,000,000 | 3.48% | * | ** | |||||
CooperNeff Convertible Strategies (Cayman) Master Fund, LP(6) | 1,932,000 | 2.24% | * | ** | |||||
CSS, LLC(8)(9) | 2,000,000 | 2.32% | * | ** | |||||
DBAG London(5)(10) | 1,500,000 | 1.74% | * | ** | |||||
DKR SoundShore Opportunity Holding Fund Ltd.(11) | 6,000,000 | 6.96% | * | ** | |||||
Grace Convertible Arbitrage Fund, Ltd.(12) | 5,000,000 | 5.80% | * | ** | |||||
Highbridge International LLC(5)(13) | 2,000,000 | 2.32% | * | ** | |||||
KBC Financial Products USA, Inc.(8)(14) | 1,000,000 | 1.16% | * | ** | |||||
Lyxor/Convertible Arbitrage Fund Limited(6) | 385,000 | ** | * | ** | |||||
Mohican VCA Master Fund, Ltd.(15) | 1,200,000 | 1.39% | * | ** | |||||
Polaris Vega Fund L.P.(16) | 2,600,000 | 3.01% | * | ** | |||||
Putnam Convertible Income-Growth Trust(5)(17) | 3,500,000 | 4.06% | * | ** | |||||
Ritchie Convertible Arbitrage Trading(18) | 800,000 | ** | * | ** | |||||
Singlehedge US Convertible Arbitrage Fund(6) | 627,000 | ** | * | ** | |||||
Sturgeon Limited(19) | 477,000 | ** | * | ** | |||||
Sunrise Partners Limited Partnership(5)(20) | 5,400,000 | 6.26% | * | ** | |||||
UBS Securities LLC(8)(21) | 300,000 | ** | * | ** | |||||
Wolverine Asset Management(22) | 2,000,000 | 2.32% | * | ** | |||||
Xavex Convertible Arbitrage Fund 10 Acct.(3) | 200,000 | ** | * | ** | |||||
Any other holder of notes or future transferee, pledgee, donee, or successor of any such holder(23) | $ | 41,200,000 | 47.77% | * | ** | ||||
Total amount of securities offered hereby | $ | 86,250,000 | 100% | 4,280,396 | ** |
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We prepared this table based on the information supplied to us by the selling securityholders named in the table.
The selling securityholders listed in the above table may have sold or transferred, in transactions exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, some or all of their notes since the date on which the information in the above table was provided to us.
Because the selling securityholders may from time to time offer all or some of the notes or the shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the notes or upon payment of the make-whole premium in connection with a fundamental change, we cannot estimate the amount of the notes or shares of common stock that will be held by the selling securityholders upon the termination of any particular offering by a selling securityholder. See "Plan of Distribution."
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The selling securityholders and their successors, may from time to time sell the notes and the common stock covered by this prospectus directly to purchasers or offer the notes and the common stock through underwriters, broker-dealers or agents, who may receive compensation in the form of underwriters' discounts or commissions or agents' commissions from the selling securityholders and/or the purchasers of securities for whom they may act as agent, which underwriters' discounts or commissions or agents' commissions as to any particular underwriter, broker-dealer or agent may be in excess of those customary in the types of transactions involved.
The notes and the common stock may be sold in one or more transactions at fixed prices, at prevailing market prices at the time of sale, at varying prices determined at the time of sale, or at negotiated prices. The sale of the notes and the common stock may be effected in transactions (which may involve block transactions):
through a securities exchange distribution in accordance with the rules of that exchange,
in the over-the-counter market,
otherwise than through an exchange or in the over-the-counter market, or
through the writing of options.
In connection with the sale of the notes or the common stock offered hereby or otherwise, the selling securityholders may enter into hedging transactions with broker-dealers, which may in turn engage in short sales of the notes or the common stock, as the case may be, in the course of the hedging positions they assume. The selling securityholders may also sell the notes or the common stock short and deliver the notes or the common stock, as the case may be, to close out short positions or loan or pledge the notes or the common stock to broker-dealers that in turn may sell the notes or the common stock.
The aggregate proceeds to the selling securityholders from the sale of the securities offered by them hereby will be the purchase price of such securities less discounts and commissions, if any. The selling securityholder reserves the right to accept and, together with its agent from time to time, to reject, in whole or in part, any proposed purchase of securities to be made directly or through agents.
Our common stock is listed for trading on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol "OPTN."
CSS, LLC, KBC Financial Products USA, Inc. and UBS Securities LLC are broker-dealers and, therefore, are underwriters within the meaning of the Securities Act in connection with resales of the notes and the common stock covered by this prospectus. In addition, any selling securityholders and any broker-dealers, agents or underwriters that participate with the selling securityholders in the distribution of the notes or the common stock may be deemed to be "underwriters" within the meaning of the Securities Act. Any commission received by an underwriter, and any profit on the resale of the notes of the common stock purchased by them will be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts under the Securities Act.
In order to comply with the securities laws of some states, if applicable, the securities may be sold in such jurisdictions only through registered or licensed brokers or dealers.
The selling securityholders and any underwriters, broker-dealers or agents that participate in the sale of the securities, may be "underwriters" within the meaning of Section 2(11) of the Securities Act. Any discounts, commissions, concessions or profit they earn on any resale of the securities may be underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities Act. If any selling securityholder is an "underwriter" within the meaning of Section 2(11) of the Securities Act it will be subject to the prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act. The selling securityholders have acknowledged
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that they understand their obligations to comply with the provisions of the Exchange Act and the rules thereunder relating to stock manipulation, particularly Regulation M, and have agreed that they will not engage in any transaction in violation of such provision.
In addition, any securities covered by this prospectus which qualify for sale pursuant to Rule 144 of the Securities Act may be sold under Rule 144 rather than pursuant to this prospectus. The selling securityholder may not sell any security described herein and may not transfer, devise or gift such securities by other means not described in this prospectus.
At the time of a particular offering of securities by a selling securityholder, a supplement to this prospectus, if required, will be circulated setting forth the aggregate amount and type of securities being offered and the terms of the offering, including the name or names of any underwriters, broker-dealers or agents, any discounts, commissions and other terms constituting compensation from the selling securityholders and any discounts, commissions or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to broker-dealers.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. Our SEC filings are available to the public over the Internet at the SEC's website at http://www.sec.gov. The SEC's website contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers, such as us, that file electronically with the SEC. You may also read and copy any document we file with the SEC at the SEC's Public Reference Room at 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549. You may also obtain copies of these documents at prescribed rates by writing to the SEC. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the operation of its Public Reference Room. We maintain a website at http://www.optioncare.com. We have not incorporated by reference into this prospectus the information on our website, and you should not consider it to be a part of this prospectus.
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE
We have "incorporated by reference" into this prospectus certain information we have filed, or will file, with the SEC. The information we incorporate by reference into this prospectus is an important part of this prospectus. Any statement in a document we incorporate by reference into this prospectus will be considered to be modified or superseded to the extent a statement contained in this prospectus or any other subsequently filed document that is incorporated by reference into this prospectus modifies or supersedes that statement. The modified or superseded statement will not be considered to be a part of this prospectus, except as modified or superseded.
We incorporate by reference into this prospectus the information contained in the documents listed below, which is considered to be a part of this prospectus:
You may request a copy of these filings, at no cost, by writing or telephoning us at the following address or telephone number:
Option
Care, Inc.
485 Half Day Road, Suite 300
68
Buffalo
Grove, Illinois 60089
(847) 465-2100
The validity of the notes offered hereby has been passed upon for us by McDermott Will & Emery LLP.
The consolidated financial statements of Option Care, Inc. included in Option Care, Inc.'s Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2004 including the schedule appearing therein, and Option Care, Inc. management's assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2004 included therein, have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, as set forth in its reports thereon, included therein, and incorporated herein by reference. Such financial statements and management's assessment have been incorporated herein by reference in reliance upon such reports given on the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
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